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Made by:
Raghvendra Pal Singh
Date: Signature:
Subject: Audit Course: Application of power Electronics
Aim: To Model and Simulate Automatic Buck Boost DC/DC Converter for Automotive
application
Objective: Studying application of buck boost dc/dc converter for automotive application
Theory:
DC-DC converters are also known as Choppers. Here we will have a look at Buck Boost
converter which can operate as a DC-DC Step-Down converter or a DC-DC Step-Up converter
depending upon the duty cycle, D.A typical Buck-Boost converter is shown below.
The input voltage source is connected to a solid state device. The second switch used
is a diode. The diode is connected, in reverse to the direction of power flow from source, to a
capacitor and the load and the two are connected in parallel as shown in the figure above.
The controlled switch is turned on and off by using Pulse Width Modulation(PWM). PWM can
be time based or frequency based. Frequency based modulation has disadvantages like a wide
range of frequencies to achieve the desired control of the switch which in turn will give the
desired output voltage. Time based Modulation is mostly used for DC-DC converters. It is
simple to construct and use. The frequency remains constant in this type of PWM modulation.
Working:
The implementation of 14v/42v converter with a buck- boost topology using an active
switch instead of a diode is more desirable. As bi-directional operation is possible without any
additional requirement of components and efficiency is very high than a typical buck-boost
converter using a diode. The two active switches turn on and off alternatively through the
main switches or the freewheeling diodes as per the mode of operation. The DC/DC converter
is connected parallel with the batteries with 42 volt and 14 volt loads on either side of the
circuit. The control method which is used is the current control method instead of a voltage
control method, since the mode of operation is detected by the change in the inductor
current, not by inductor voltage and more over current control method has a faster response
than voltage control method. The further advantage is stability as current control loop is more
stable than a voltage control loop. The three modes of converter operation can be listed as
follows, (i) when the inductor current is above zero, the converter works in the buck mode
and the 42 volt energy bus provides energy to the sides, 42 Volt loads as well as charge the
batteries also. The second mode of operation involves (ii) when the inductor current is above
zero; the converter operates in the boost mode. The 14 volt bus provides energy to the both
sides of the load and charge the battery, (iii) when the inductor current repeats working
through the zero, the converter operates in the alternating mode.
Simulation:
Simulation Values:
1) Resistor : 10 Ohm
2) Inductor: 10e-6
3) Capacitor: 10e-3
4) Kp=0.7
5) Ki=100
6) Gain: 1/20
7) Constant: 20
8) Discrete time: 50e-6
References:
• Liang Rui Chen, Chung Ming Young , ‘Phase locked bi-directional converter with pulse
charge function for 14 volt/ 42 volt dual voltage powernet’, IEEE 2011.
• Automatic Buck-Boost Dc/Dc Converter for Automotive Application :Parvinder Singh
1, Nishant2 1M. Tech Student, Department of EEE, 2Assistant Professor, Department
of EEE, Arni University, Kathagarh, Himachal Pradesh, India
• L.Jourdan, JL.Schanen, J.Roudet, M.Bensaied, K.Segueni, ‘Design Methodology for Non
Insulated DC-DC Converter: Application to 42V-14V Power net”, IEEE, 2002.