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Poultry Cookery
SECTIONS
22.1 Poultry Basics
22.2 Cooking Poultry
Descriptive Writing
Writing Tips
1 Decide what atmosphere or
feeling you want to create.
2 Write a strong topic sentence.
3 Present details in a logical
order.
568
SECTION 22.1
Summarize What
effect does exercise have on poultry’s
toughness?
Evaluating Poultry
Poultry is available in many market forms,
classes, and styles. Market form is the form
poultry is in when it is purchased. Fresh
Light and Dark Different parts of poultry can be
poultry works well when the poultry is to divided into light and dark meat. Which parts
be cooked within one to two days. Frozen pictured here are light meat, and which are dark
poultry may be kept for up to six months. meat?
TO
W
HO
Cut Up
Poultry
2 Turn the bird on its side, grasp the breast, and 3 Pull the leg back and cut along the backbone
begin cutting between the breast and the to remove the leg. Turn the bird over and
leg. Turn the bird over and repeat. repeat. Set the legs aside.
4 Cut along each side of the backbone toward 5 Use the tip of the knife to expose the breast-
the front of the breast. Then, remove the bones and ribs.
entire backbone.
6 Grasp the back of the breast 7 Lay the boneless breast on 8 To separate the drumstick
and remove the breast and the cutting board and split from the thigh, cut between
keel bones. into two pieces. the joints.
5
6 Tie a slip knot in the twine to secure.
Sanitation Check
✓ Giblets Giblets packaged separately from poultry should
Giblets are the edible internal organs of poultry. be kept cold to prevent bacteria from growing.
They include the liver, gizzard (stomach), and heart. Store giblets at 41°F (5°C) or below, and use within
Giblets are usually found in a package stuffed inside one to two days. You can also freeze them at 0°F
a whole, cleaned bird. The neck is usually packed (–18°C) or below. For the best quality, use giblets
with the giblets. Chicken livers and gizzards are within three to four months of freezing.
also sold separately. Giblets are often used to flavor CRITICAL THINKING What dishes do you think might
other dishes. use giblets?
SECTION 22.1
Review Key Concepts
1. Identify the different market forms, classes, and Mathematics
styles of poultry. 5. Supply prices can vary. You call three different
2. List the characteristics of Grade A poultry. wholesale poultry suppliers and are quoted the
following prices for chicken breasts in bulk: $72,
3. Explain how fresh and frozen poultry should be
$85, and $93. What is the average price?
safely stored and used.
Math Concept The mean, median, and mode are
Practice Culinary Academics all measures of central tendency because they
Science provide a summary of numerical data in one
number. The mean is the same as the average.
4. Procedure Imagine that your restaurant receives
a shipment of whole chickens a week early. Starting Hint To find the mean, first add all of
the values ($72, $85, and $93) together. Divide
Analysis Describe the procedures you would the total of the values by the number of values in
follow to check the chickens for quality. Explain the set of data (3).
how you would store them to keep them fresh.
NCTM Data Analysis and Probability Select and use
NSES F Develop an understanding of community health, and appropriate statistical methods to analyze data.
natural and human-induced hazards.
Check your answers at this book’s
Online Learning Center at
glencoe.com.
TO 3 Place the poultry
W
HO with its presenta-
tion side down
Broil or Grill on a grid or rack
in a broiler.
Poultry
TO 2 Add liquid,
OW and bring
H
Braise to a simmer.
The liquid
should cover
Poultry two-thirds of
the poultry.
1 Brown and
3 Cover the
sear the
pan and
poultry
continue to
in a small
simmer on the rangetop or in the oven until the
amount
poultry is done. To test for doneness, use a fork to
of fat in a
see that the meat is tender and cuts easily without
rondeau, or
falling apart. The meat must hold an internal tem-
braising pan.
perature of 165°F (74°C) for at least 15 seconds.
Plating Poultry
Stuffings How poultry is presented on the plate that
A stuffing, or seasoned food mixture often you serve to a customer is important. Dishes
made with bread, can be an excellent addition can be garnished in the kitchen area, or poul-
to a poultry dish. However, the FDA Model try can be sliced and served at tableside.
Food Code says that all parts of stuffed food Although many recipes suggest serving
must be cooked to 165°F (74°C), including the stuffing with poultry, there are other choices.
stuffing. Although the flesh of the bird may Some side dishes include vegetables, casse-
reach a safe temperature, the stuffing may roles, wild rice, potatoes, and pasta. Com-
not. Bacteria can quickly multiply in the stuff- mon garnishes for poultry include vegetables,
ing inside the bird’s cavity, or hollow interior. fruits, and nuts.
By the time the stuffing fully cooks, the poul-
try is often dry. To be safe, prepare the stuff- Explain Where can
ing for whole poultry separately. poultry be prepared for presentation?
SECTION 22.2
Review Key Concepts Mathematics
1. Identify the various methods that can be used to 5. A poultry dinner at your restaurant sells for $8.
cook poultry. The food cost to prepare the dinner is 30% of the
2. Explain when you should use a dry or moist selling price. If you prepare 245 poultry dinners
technique for cooking poultry. for a banquet, what is the total cost of food for
the poultry dinners?
3. Describe a typical stuffing.
Math Concept Variables and Expressions
Practice Culinary Academics Translate verbal phrases into algebraic
English Language Arts expressions by first defining a variable. In this
way, algebraic expressions can be used to
4. You have been asked to select side dishes for represent real-world situations.
the poultry dishes on a new menu. Use the
Internet, library, and other resources to research Starting Hint Calculate how much money each
appropriate side dishes for the following: roasted dish will cost to make by solving for x:
turkey, fried chicken, grilled chicken breast. 8 × 30% = x. Change 30% into a decimal (0.30),
Create a one-paragraph summary about the side and multiply x by the total number of poultry
dishes you chose, and why you chose them. dishes.
NCTM Algebra Represent and analyze mathematical
NCTE 8 Use information resources to gather information and
situations and structures using algebraic symbols.
create and communicate knowledge.
Check your answers at this book’s
Online Learning Center at
glencoe.com.
Critical Thinking
8. Contrast the differences between light meat and dark meat. What are some of the
reasons you might choose one over the other?
9. Explain whether you agree that turkey and chicken are two of the most popular
poultry choices in American culture. Why do you think this is or is not true?
10. Analyze why you think chefs might choose older, tougher birds for recipes if most
customers prefer tender poultry meat.
B. Choose a recipe. Decide on a recipe that uses the cooking method your team
chose.
C. List your materials. Make a list of the cooking items you will need to prepare your
poultry dish. List oils, coatings, spices, and seasonings as
well as equipment.
Create Your Evaluation
D. Prepare your dish. Prepare your poultry dish using the Write a one-page evaluation of another
cooking method your team chose. Plate your poultry team’s poultry dish. Use these categories
dish. The presentation of the dish is important. for your evaluation:
E. Serve your dish. Serve your poultry dish to another • Appearance Is it cooked to the
team. Have that team evaluate it based on the following appropriate doneness? Does it
rating scale: 1 = Poor; 2 = Fair; 3 = Good; 4 = Great. appear burned or undercooked? Is it
appropriately plated and garnished?
• Flavor Is the flavor consistent with
the cooking method and food?
• Texture Is the poultry moist, tender,
and juicy?