123

ACTIVITY NO.
2 PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS AND THREEVIEWS
DESIGNER: AMBROSIO, IAN CARL D. SUBMISSION DATE:

GANIA, CHRISMAR J. JUNE 29, 2019
INSTRUCTOR : ENGR. JERONE KRISTAN E. JOSOL RATING:
I. DESCRIPTION
1. TYPE A modern aircraft , two-

seater tricycle gear general
aviation.
Aircraft made with a low
2. WINGS tapered wing with
Conventional-Tail
configuration. Airfoil created
with NACA 0012 for wing
airfoil configuration.
3. FUSELAGE Semi-monocoque structure.
Tail unit created with an

4. TAIL UNIT
airfoil NACA 0012
Rotax 912iS air-cooled and

5. POWERPLANT water-cooled horizontally
opposed four-cylinder, four-
stroke, gear reduction-drive
engine.
The aircraft’s cockpit can
6. ACCOMODATION accommodate 1 pilot and
one passenger through a
sliding canopy.
7. AVIONICS AND EQUIPMENT IFR and VFR standard

instrumentation.
Page 1 of 28 Pages
ACTIVITY NO. 2 PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS AND THREEVIEWS
II. PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS
1. WEIGHTS
A. GROSS WEIGHT 1360.40 lb 617 kg

B. USEFUL LOAD / PAYLOAD
a. Pilot 170 lb 77.10 kg
b. Passenger 170 lb 77.10 kg
c. Baggage 77 lb 35 kg
d. Fuel 269 lb 122 kg
e. Oil 5.51 lb 2.5 kg
TOTAL 691.51 lb 313.7 kg
C. EMPTY WEIGHT (EW) 616.88 lb 303.3 kg
2. DIMENSIONS, EXTERNAL
A.WingSpan (b) 30 ft 9.17 m
B. Wing Chord at root ( Cr) 4.89 ft 1.49 m
C. Wing Chord at tip ( Ct ) 3.71 ft 1.13 m
D. Wing Aspect ratio (A) 7.04
E. Wing Taper Ratio (λ ) 0.76
F. Length Overall 22ft 11 in 6.68 m
G. Height Overall 8 ft 2.45 m
H. Tailplane Span 5 ft 5 11/52 in. 1.81 m
I. Wheel Track 6 ft 5 in. 1.95 m
J. Wheel Base 4 ft 6 in. 1.41 m
K. Propeller diameter ( D ) 5.13 ft 1.56 m
L. Propeller ground clearance 10 5/8 in. 0.27 m
Page 2 of 28 Pages
3. AREAS
A. Wing, gross ( S ) 134.12 ft2 12.46 m2
B. Aileron, total 9.39 ft2 0.87 m2
C. Flaps, total 16.49 ft2 1.49 m2
D. Vertical stabilizer 6 ft2 0.53 m2
E. Rudder 6 ft2 0.59 m2
F. Horizontal Stabilizer 10 ft2 0.96 m2
G. Elevators, total 11 ft2 1.02 m2
4. LOADINGS
𝑊
A. Wing loading ( 𝑆 ) 11.69 lbs/ft2 59.07kg/m2
𝑊
B. Power loading ( 𝑃 ) 15.4 lbs/hp 7.0 kg/kW
𝑊
C. Span loading ( 𝑏 ) lbs/ft kg/m
5. ENGINE SPECIFICATION
A. Make / Type Rotax 912iS
B. Rated Maximum Power ( P ) 100 hp 75 kW
C. Rated minimum revolution of
2800 rpm
propeller ( N )
D. Fuel Consumption ( C ) 29.31 lbs/hr 13.31 kg/hr
E. Number of cylinders ( k ) 4
F. Engine Dry weight 253 lbs 114.76 kg
Page 3 of 28 Pages
6. PERFORMANCE
A.Top speed ( Vmax) 155 mph 250.02 kph
B. Cruising speed ( VC ) 131 mph 242.610 kph
C. Stalling speed ( VS ) 46 mph 85.19 kph
D. Maximum rate of Climb ( R.C. ) 850 ft/min 259.08m/min
E. Service Ceiling ( HS ) 13 000 ft 3962.4 m
F. Take-off distance, total 600 ft 183 m
G. Landing distance, total 370 ft 113 m
H. Range ( R ) 750 nm 1,400 km
I. Endurance ( E ) 9 hours
Page 4 of 28 Pages
I. FORMULAS AND ASSUMPTIONS

1. Standard Assumptions A. Weight of pilot / passenger(s):
(Ref: FAR Part 23.25)
77.11 Kg (170lb)
B. Weight of Fuel (avgas):
2.7 Kg/gal (6 lb/gal)
C. Weight of Oil
3.4 Kg/gal (7.5 lb/gal)
D. Weight of Baggage Allowed:
18.1 Kg (40lb) / pilot / passenger
E. Propeller Ground Clearance Limit:
Not less than 7” --- Nose wheel type landing gear
Not less than 9” --- Tail wheel type landing gear
F. Aspect Ratio Range
From 6.01 to 7.5 (light to heavy)
G. Wing Loading
a. Light aircraft ( 12 to 14 psf)
b. Agricultural aircraft (15 to 18 psf)
c. Military aircraft (20 to 25 psf)
Page 5 of 28 Pages
COMPUTATIONS
 FOR PAYLOAD, WP
a) Pilot 170.00 lb
b) Passenger 170.00 lb
c) Baggage 77.00 lb
TOTAL PAYLOAD 417.00lb=189.15 kg
 For the Gross Weight, GW
𝑊𝑃 + 𝑊𝐸𝑁𝐺
𝑊𝑇𝑂 = 𝑀𝑇𝑂𝑊 =
𝑊 𝑊
1 − 𝑊𝑉𝐴𝑅 − 𝑊 𝐹
𝑇𝑂 𝑇𝑂
WHERE:
WTO= TAKE-OFF WEIGHT
MTOW= MAXIMUM TAKE-OFF WEIGHT
WP= 417 LB
WENG = 253 LB
𝑊𝑉𝐴𝑅
= 0.45 − 𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑑 𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑟, 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑦
𝑊𝑇𝑂
AND,
𝑊𝐹 𝑅
=𝑘 𝑟𝑈𝐶 A−0.5 + 0.0035
𝑊𝑇𝑂 1000
Page 6 of 28 Pages
WHERE:
WF = fuel load
K = 0.31 if R is nautical miles
= 0.17 if R is in km
R= Range
ruc= undercarriage drag correcting factor
= 1.35- fixed gear, no streamlined wheel fairings
= 1.25- fixed gear, streamlined wheel fairings and struts
= 1.0- fully retractable landing gear
A = aspect ratio
𝑊𝐹 143𝑛𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠
= (0.31) ( ) (1.35)(7.04)−0.5 + 0.035
𝑊𝑇𝑂 1000
𝑊𝐹
𝑊𝑇𝑂
= 0.0575
691.51𝑙𝑏𝑠 + 253𝑙𝑏𝑠
WTO = 𝑀𝑇𝑂𝑊 =
1 − 0.45 − 0.0575
WTO = 𝑀𝑇𝑂𝑊 = 1360.40 lb = 616.88 kg
SINCE GW = MTOW,
𝐺𝑊 = 1360.40 lb = 616.88 kg
Page 7 of 28 Pages
 FOR THE FUEL WEIGHT, WF
26 𝑊𝐹
𝑊𝑓 = ( ) (𝑊𝑇𝑂 )
25 𝑊𝑇𝑂
WHERE:
𝑊𝑓
= 0.0575
𝑊𝑡𝑜
Wto = 1360.40 lb
𝟐𝟔
Wf = ( ) (𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟕𝟓)(𝟏, 𝟑𝟔𝟎. 𝟒𝟎)
𝟐𝟓
Wf = 81.35 lb = 36.90 kg
 FOR THE OIL WEIGHT, WO
𝟏 𝑾𝒇
Wo = ( ) (𝑾𝒕𝒐)
𝟐𝟓 𝑾𝒕𝒐
WHERE:
𝑊𝑓
= 0.0575
𝑊𝑡𝑜
Wto = 1360.40 lb
Page 8 of 28 Pages
𝟏
Wo = ( ) (𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟕𝟓)(𝟏, 𝟑𝟔𝟎. 𝟒𝟎)
𝟐𝟓
Wo = 3.13 lb = 1.42 kg
 FOR THE USEFUL LOAD, WU
a) Payload 417 lb
b) Fuel 81.35 lb
c) Oil 5.99 lb
TOTAL USEFUL LOAD 504.34 LB=228.76 KG
 FOR THE EMPTY WEIGHT, EW
EW = GW – WU.
WHERE:
EW = Empty Weight
GW = 1360.40 lb
Page 9 of 28 Pages
WU = 504.34 lb
EW = 1360.40 lb – 504.34 lb
EW = 856.06 lb = 388.30 kg
 FOR WING AREA, S.
2𝑊
𝑆=
𝐶𝐿𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝜌𝑉𝑠 2
WHERE:
W = 1,360.40 lb
CLmax = 1.52 (read from NACA 0012)
VS = 51 mph = 74.8 ft/s (assumed)
(2)(1,360.40𝑙𝑏𝑠)
𝑆= 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 𝑓𝑡 2
(1.52)(0.002355( ))(75 )
𝑓𝑡3 𝑠𝑒𝑐
Page 10 of 28 Pages
S= 134.12 ft2= 12.40 m2
 FOR THE WING MEAN AERODYNAMIC CHORD, MAC

𝑺
A= 𝟐
𝑪
𝑺
𝒄 = √𝑨
WHERE:
S = 134.12 ft2
A = 7.04 (assumed)
134.12𝒇𝒕 𝟐
𝒄 = √ 𝟕.𝟎𝟒
𝑐 = 4.36 ft = 4𝑓𝑡 4 1/5𝑖𝑛 = 1.33 m
 FOR WING SPAN, B
𝑏
𝐴= 𝑐̅
Page 11 of 28 Pages
Activity No.
ACTIVITY NO.2 2 PRELIMINARYSPECIFICATIONS
PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS AND
ANDTHREEVIEWS
THREEVIEWS
WE OBTAIN:
𝑏 = 𝐴𝑐
WHERE:
A = 7.04 (Assumed)
b = (7.04)(4.36 ft)
𝑏 = 30.69 ft = 30 ft 10 17/25 in = 9.42 m
 FOR THE WING ROOT CHORD, Cr
2 λ2 −λ+1
c= C ( )
3 r λ+1
3 λ+1
Cr = c( )
2 λ2 +λ+1
WHERE:
λ = 0.69 (Assumed)
3 0.76+1
Cr = 2 (4.28ft) [(0.76)2 +0.76+1]
𝐶𝑟 = 4.9 ft = 1.49 m
Page 12 of 28 Pages
 FOR THE WING TIP CHORD, Ct
𝐶𝑡
𝝀= 𝐶𝑟
THEREFORE:
Ct = λCr = (0.76)(4.9 ft)
Ct = 3.72 ft = 3 ft 5 2/5 in = 1.13 m
 FOR THE OVERALL LENGTH, L
𝑳
= 0.75
𝒃
L = 0.7137b
WHERE:
b = 30.69 ft
L = (0.7137)(30.69 ft)
L = 21.90 ft = 22ft 6/25 in = 6.71 m
Page 13 of 28 Pages
 FOR HORIZONTAL TAIL AREA, SH
𝑽𝑯 × 𝑺 × 𝒄
𝑺𝑯 =
𝒍𝒉
WHERE:
S = 134.12 ft2
V ̅H = 0.70 (General Aviation Single Engine)
MAC = c̅ = 4.36 ft
lh = 12.11 ft = 3.69 m
(𝟎. 𝟕𝟎)(𝟏𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟐𝒇𝒕𝟐 )(𝟒. 𝟑𝟔 𝒇𝒕)

𝑺𝑯 =
𝟏𝟐. 𝟏𝟏 𝒇𝒕
𝑺𝑯 = 𝟑𝟑.𝟖𝟎 𝒇𝒕𝟐=𝟑.𝟏𝟒 𝒎𝟐
 FOR THE HORIZONTAL TAIL SPAN, BH
𝑏 2
AH= 𝑆𝐻
𝐻
bH = √ 𝑨𝑯 𝑺𝑯
Page 14 of 28 Pages
WHERE:
AH = 4.45 (assumed)
SH = 33.80 ft2
bH = √(4.45)(33.80)
bH = 12.26 ft = 12 ft 3 in. = 3.73 m
 FOR MEAN AERODYNAMIC CHORD OF HORIZONTAL TAIL, 𝐜̅𝐇
𝑆
AH=c 𝐻
𝐻2
𝑺
c𝑯= √ 𝑨𝑯
𝑯
WHERE:
𝑆𝐻 = 33.80 ft2
AH = 4.45 (assumed)
𝟑𝟑.𝟖𝟎 𝒇𝒕𝟐
c𝑯 = √
𝟒.𝟒𝟓
c𝑯 = 𝟐.𝟕𝟓 𝒇𝒕= 𝟐 𝒇𝒕 𝟗 𝒊𝒏=𝟎.𝟖𝟒 𝒎
Page 15 of 28 Pages
ACTIVITY NO. 2 PRELIMINARY
PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS AND THREEVIEWS
 FOR THE ROOT CHORD OF THE HORIZONTAL TAIL, 𝐂𝐫𝐇
2 λ𝐻 2 − λ𝐻 + 1
Cr c𝑇𝐻 = ( )
3 λ𝐻 + 1
3 λ𝐻 + 1
Cr = c𝐻 ( )
2 λ𝐻 2 + λ𝐻 + 1
WHERE:
λ = 0.76 (Assumed)
c̅H = 2.75 ft
3 0.76+1
Cr = (2.75ft) [ ]
2 (0.76)2 +0.76+1
𝐶𝑟 = 3.11 ft = 3 ft 2 16/25 in =0.95 m
 FOR THE TIP CHORD OF THE HORIZONTAL TAIL, 𝐂𝐭𝐇
𝑐𝑡𝐻
λ𝐻 = ( )
𝑐𝑟𝐻
𝑐𝑡𝐻 = 𝑐𝑟𝐻 λ𝐻
Page 16 of 28 Pages
WHERE:
λ H = 0.76 (assumed)
CtH = 3.22 ft
CtH = (0.76)(3.22 ft)
CtH = 2.22 ft= 2 ft in =0.68 m
 FOR THE VERTICAL TAIL AREA, SV
𝑽𝑽 × 𝑺 × 𝒃
𝑺𝑽 =
𝒍𝒗
WHERE:
S = 134.12 ft2
V = 0.04 (General Aviation Single Engine)
b = 30.69 ft
lv = 12.11 ft = 3.69 m
(𝟎. 𝟎𝟒)(𝟏𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟐𝒇𝒕𝟐 )(𝟑𝟎. 𝟔𝟗 𝒇𝒕)

𝑺𝑽 =
𝟏𝟐. 𝟏𝟏 𝒇𝒕
Page 17 of 28 Pages
𝑺𝑽 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟔𝟎 𝒇𝒕𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟕 𝒎𝟐
 FOR THE VERTICAL TAIL SPAN, BV

𝑏 2
Av= 𝑆𝑣
𝑣
bv = √ 𝑨𝒗 𝑺𝒗
WHERE:
Av = 1.30 (assumed)
Sv = 13.60 ft2
bH = √(1.30)(13.60 𝑓𝑡 2 )
bH = 4.20 ft = 4 ft 2 16/25in = 1.28 m
 FOR THE MEAN AERODYNAMIC CHORD OF THE VERTICAL TAIL, 𝐜̅𝐕

𝑆
AH=c 𝐻
𝐻2
𝑆
c𝐻 = √ 𝐴𝐻
𝐻
WHERE:
Page 18 of 28 Pages
𝑆𝑉 = 13.60 ft2
AV = 1.30 (assumed)
13.60 𝑓𝑡 2
c𝑉 = √
1.30
c 𝟐𝟐
𝑽 = 𝟑.𝟐𝟑 𝒇𝒕= 𝟑 𝒇𝒕 𝟐 𝒊𝒏=𝟎.𝟗𝟖 𝒎
𝟐𝟓
 FOR THE ROOT CHORD OF THE VERTICAL TAIL, 𝐂𝐫𝐕
2 λ𝑣 2 − λ𝑣 + 1
Cr c𝑟𝑣 = ( )
3 λ𝑣 + 1
3 λ𝑣 + 1
Crv = c𝑣 ( )
2 λ𝑣 2 + λ𝑣 + 1
WHERE:
λ = 0.76 (Assumed)
c̅v = 3.23 ft
3 0.76+1
Crv = (3.23ft) [ ]
2 (0.76)2 +0.76+1
𝐶𝑟𝑣 = 3.65 ft = 3 ft 10 1/5in =1.11 m
Page 19 of 28 Pages
 FOR THE TIP CHORD OF THE VERTICAL TAIL, 𝐂𝐭𝐕
𝑐𝑡𝑣
λ𝑣 = ( )
𝑐𝑟𝑣
𝑐𝑡𝑣 = 𝑐𝑟𝑣 λ𝑣
WHERE:
λ v = 0.76 (assumed)
Crv = 3.65 ft
Ctv = (0.76)(3.65 ft)
Ctv = 2.77 ft= 2 ft 7 23/25 in =0.84 m
Page 20 of 28 Pages
 FOR THE WHEEL TRACK
Wheel track = 25% - 30% of wing span (b)
WHERE:
b = 30.69 ft
Wheel track = (0.25)(30.69 ft)
Wheel track = 7.67 ft = 7 ft in = 2.34 m
 FOR THE WHEEL BASE
Wheel base = 25% - 30% of overall length, L
WHERE:
L = 21.90 ft
Wheel base = (0.25)(21.90 ft)
Wheel base = 5.46 ft = 5 ft in = 1.66 m
Page 21 of 28 Pages
Activity No.
ANDTHREEVIEWS
THREEVIEWS
 FOR THE AILERON AREA, GROSS
Aileron area, gross = 0.07S (for trainer aircrafts)
Substitute the value of S:
Aileron area, gross = (0.07)(134.12 ft2)
Aileron area, gross = 9.39 ft2 = 0.87 m2
 FOR THE AILERON WIDTH
Aileron width = 0.25𝑐
WHERE:
𝑐 = 4.36 ft
Aileron width = (0.25)(4.36ft)
Aileron width = 1.09 ft =1 ft in =0.33 m
Page 22 of 28 Pages
 FOR THE AILERON LENGTH
𝑏
Aileron length = 0.35(2) (one side)
WHERE:
b = 30.69 ft
Substitute the value of b
30.69ft
Aileron length = (0.35)( )
2
Aileron length = 5.37 ft =5 ft 3 21/25 in = 1.64 m
 FOR THE AREA OF THE FLAPS
Using the formula for the area of rectangle, we can find the total area of
the flaps.
A=L×W
WHERE:
W = Flaps width = 1.15 ft
L = Flaps length
Page 23 of 28 Pages
AND,
L, total = 0.6b − fuselage width
WHERE:
b = 30.69 ft
Note: Fuselage width is 50 in. (assumed) for this
two-seater side by side aircraft.
L = (0.5)[(0.6)(30.69 ft) – 4.17 ft
L = 7.17 ft = 7 ft 2 1/25in. = 2.19 m
Flaps area, total = (2)(7.17 ft)(1.15 ft)
Flaps area, total = 16.49 ft2 = 1.49 m2
 FOR THE RUDDER AREA
By using the formula
Rudder area = 0.55 x Vertical tail area
Page 24 of 28 Pages
Substitute the value for the Vertical tail area, which is 9.36 ft2
Rudder area = (0.55)(9.36 ft2)
Rudder area = 5.15 ft2 = 0.48 m2
 FOR THE VERTICAL STABILIZER AREA
By subtracting the Rudder area from the vertical tail are, we can
determine the area of the Vertical stabilizer, that is:
Vertical stabilizer area = Vertical tail area – Rudder area
WHERE:
Vertical tail area = 9.36 ft2
Rudder area = 5.15 ft2
Vertical stabilizer area = 9.36 ft2 – 5.15 ft2
Vertical stabilizer area = 4.21 ft2

Page 25 of 28 Pages
 FOR THE ELEVATOR AREA, GROSS
By using the formula of
Elevator area = (0.45)(Horizontal tail area)
WHERE:
Horizontal tail area = 33.80 ft2
Elevator area = (0.45)(33.80 ft2)
Elevator area = 15.21 ft2 = 1.41 m2
 FOR THE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER AREA
By subtracting the Elevator gross area from the Horizontal tail area,
we can determine the area of the Horizontal stabilizer
Horizontal stabilizer = Horizontal tail area – Elevator area
Page 26 of 28 Pages
Activity No.
ANDTHREEVIEWS
THREEVIEWS
WHERE:
Horizontal tail area = 33.80 ft2
Elevator gross area = 15.21 ft2
Horizontal stabilizer area = 33.80 ft2 – 15.21 ft2
Horizontal stabilizer area = 18.59 ft2 = 1.73 m2
 FOR THE PROPELLER DIAMETER
303 4 𝑃
Propeller Diameter=
√𝑁
√𝑉
𝑚𝑎𝑥
WHERE:
P = 100 HP
VMAX = 162 MPH
N = 2,800 RPM
303 4 100ℎ𝑝
Propeller Diameter= √
√2800𝑟𝑝𝑚 155𝑚𝑝ℎ
Propeller Diameter= 5.13 ft = 1.56 m
Page 27 of 28 Pages
Activity No.
ACTIVITY NO.2 2 Preliminary
PRELIMINARY Specifications and
SPECIFICATIONS Threeviews
AND THREEVIEWS
Page 28 of 28 Pages
Activity No. 2 Preliminary Specifications and Threeviews
Activity No. 2 Preliminary Specifications and Threeviews

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ACTIVITY NO.

2 PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS AND THREEVIEWS

DESIGNER: AMBROSIO, IAN CARL D. SUBMISSION DATE:

INSTRUCTOR : ENGR. JERONE KRISTAN E. JOSOL RATING:

1. TYPE A modern aircraft , two-

3. FUSELAGE Semi-monocoque structure.

Tail unit created with an

Rotax 912iS air-cooled and

7. AVIONICS AND EQUIPMENT IFR and VFR standard

II. PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS

A. GROSS WEIGHT 1360.40 lb 617 kg

I. FORMULAS AND ASSUMPTIONS

(Ref: FAR Part 23.25)

B. Weight of Fuel (avgas):

2.7 Kg/gal (6 lb/gal)

3.4 Kg/gal (7.5 lb/gal)

D. Weight of Baggage Allowed:

18.1 Kg (40lb) / pilot / passenger

E. Propeller Ground Clearance Limit:

Not less than 7” --- Nose wheel type landing gear

Not less than 9” --- Tail wheel type landing gear

F. Aspect Ratio Range

From 6.01 to 7.5 (light to heavy)

a. Light aircraft ( 12 to 14 psf)

b. Agricultural aircraft (15 to 18 psf)

c. Military aircraft (20 to 25 psf)

TOTAL PAYLOAD 417.00lb=189.15 kg

 For the Gross Weight, GW

WTO= TAKE-OFF WEIGHT

MTOW= MAXIMUM TAKE-OFF WEIGHT

K = 0.31 if R is nautical miles

ruc= undercarriage drag correcting factor

= 1.35- fixed gear, no streamlined wheel fairings

= 1.25- fixed gear, streamlined wheel fairings and struts

= 1.0- fully retractable landing gear

WTO = 𝑀𝑇𝑂𝑊 = 1360.40 lb = 616.88 kg

 FOR THE FUEL WEIGHT, WF

 FOR THE OIL WEIGHT, WO

 FOR THE USEFUL LOAD, WU

TOTAL USEFUL LOAD 504.34 LB=228.76 KG

 FOR THE EMPTY WEIGHT, EW

 FOR WING AREA, S.

CLmax = 1.52 (read from NACA 0012)

VS = 51 mph = 74.8 ft/s (assumed)

S= 134.12 ft2= 12.40 m2

 FOR THE WING MEAN AERODYNAMIC CHORD, MAC

𝑐 = 4.36 ft = 4𝑓𝑡 4 1/5𝑖𝑛 = 1.33 m

 FOR WING SPAN, B

𝑏 = 30.69 ft = 30 ft 10 17/25 in = 9.42 m

 FOR THE WING ROOT CHORD, Cr

 FOR THE WING TIP CHORD, Ct

Ct = λCr = (0.76)(4.9 ft)

Ct = 3.72 ft = 3 ft 5 2/5 in = 1.13 m

 FOR THE OVERALL LENGTH, L

L = 21.90 ft = 22ft 6/25 in = 6.71 m

 FOR HORIZONTAL TAIL AREA, SH

V ̅H = 0.70 (General Aviation Single Engine)

(𝟎. 𝟕𝟎)(𝟏𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟐𝒇𝒕𝟐 )(𝟒. 𝟑𝟔 𝒇𝒕)

 FOR THE HORIZONTAL TAIL SPAN, BH

bH = 12.26 ft = 12 ft 3 in. = 3.73 m

 FOR MEAN AERODYNAMIC CHORD OF HORIZONTAL TAIL, 𝐜̅𝐇

c𝑯 = 𝟐.𝟕𝟓 𝒇𝒕= 𝟐 𝒇𝒕 𝟗 𝒊𝒏=𝟎.𝟖𝟒 𝒎

 FOR THE ROOT CHORD OF THE HORIZONTAL TAIL, 𝐂𝐫𝐇

𝐶𝑟 = 3.11 ft = 3 ft 2 16/25 in =0.95 m