Lecture 6 by MR Aditya Sharma On Design of Pile Foundation & Well Foundation PDF

CONTENTS
1. GEOTECHNICAL CAPACITY IN SOIL
2. GEOTECHNICAL CAPACITY IN ROCK
3. LATERAL CAPACITY OF PILE FOUNDATION
INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS
DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION, INCLUDING

PILE CAPS –WORKED OUT EXAMPLES
PART-1 – GEOTECH ASPECTS
8th Sep 2018
ADITYA SHARMA
IRC:78-2014
GEOTECHNICAL CAPACITY OF PILE

FOUNDATION IN SOIL
1
WORKED OUT EXAMPLE:- SOLUTION:- AS PER APPENDIX 5, IRC:78
Determine the allowable pile load capacity of a 18m long, 1 m dia. bored concrete pile The Ultimate load Carrying Capacity (Qu) is
as shown in the Fig. below- given by:
Qu= Ru + Rf (1)
Where,
Ru = Ultimate Base Resistance
Rf= Ultimate Shaft Resistance
ULTIMATE BASE RESISTANCE (RU) D = Pile diameter = 1 m

Ultimate base resistance may be calculated from Ap = Cross sectional area of base of pile =0.785 m2
following:
Y = Effective unit weight of soil at pile tip= 10kN/m 2
Ru=Ap (0.5DYNy+PdNq)+ApNcCp (2)
For Ф=33o, Nq =27.34 & Ny= 37.77
where,
Nc =9
Ap = Cross sectional area of base of pile
Cp =0
D = Pile diameter
Pd = 3X16 + 6X8 + 9X10=186 kN/m2
Y = Effective unit weight of soil at pile tip
Ultimate Base Resistance,
Nq & Ny = Bearing capacity factors based on angle
Ru = Ap (0.5DYNy+PdNq)+ApNcCp
of internal friction at pile tip (As per IS-6403)
Ru = 0.785 (0.5 X 1 X 10 X 37.77 +186 X 27.34)
Nc = Bearing capacity factor taken as 9
+ 0.785 X 9 X 0
Cp = Average cohesion at pile tip
= 0.785 (188.85+5085.24)+0 = 4140.16 kN
Pd = effective overburden pressure at pile tip
limited to 20 times dia. of pile for piles
having length equal to more than 20times dia.
2
ULTIMATE SIDE RESISTANCE (Rf)
3
GEOTECHNICAL CAPACITY OF PILE
FOUNDATION IN ROCK
WORKED OUT EXAMPLE:- SOLUTION:- AS PER APPENDIX 5, IRC:78

Determine the allowable pile load capacity of a 14m long, 1m dia. bored concrete Piles in rocks and weathered rocks of varying degree of weathering derive their capacity
pile as shown in the Fig. below. The properties and depth of the rock layers are by end bearing and socket side resistance. The ultimate load carrying capacity may be
mentioned below. calculated from either of the 2 methods mentioned below-
• Method 1- shall be applicable where cores of the rock can be taken and unconfined
compressive strength established using standard method of testing.
• Method 2- shall be applicable where the rock strata is highly fragmented, where RQD is
nil or (CR+RQD)/2 is less than 30%, or where strata is not classified as a granular or
clayey soil, or when the crushing strength is less than 10MPa. Also, for weak rock like
chalk, mud stone, clay stone, shale and other intermediate rocks, method 2 is
applicable.
4
METHOD 1 METHOD 1 (CONT…)
Ultimate pile capacity(in Newtons)- qc = Average unconfined compressive strength of rock core below base of pile in Mpa
Qu = Re + Raf = ksp .qc.df. Ab + As.Cus
Q allow= (Re/3) + (Raf/6) Ab= Cross-sectional area of base of pile
Where,
Q allow = Allowable capacity of Pile df= Depth factor = 1 + 0.4 x(Length of Socket/ Diameter of Socket)
Re = Ultimate end bearing However, value should not be taken more than 1.2.
R af = Ultimate side socket shear
Ksp = An empirical co-efficient (CR+RQD)/2 Ksp As = Surface area of socket
CR = Core Recovery (%) 30% 0.3
RQD = Rock Quality Designation (%) 100% 1.2

Cus= Ultimate shear strength of rock along socket length,
For intermediate values, Ksp shall be linearly interpolated
= 0.225√qc, but restricted to shear capacity of concrete of the pile, qc- UCS of rock
METHOD 2
In the current example,
Ultimate pile capacity(in Newtons)-
The top 8m is overburden, it shall be
Qu = Re + Raf = Cub .Nc. Ab + As.Cus therefore ignored and not considered in the
Shear Strength/ Moderately Weak Very Weak load capacity computation.
Q allow= (Re/3) + (Raf/6) Consistency weak
Where, Approx. N Value 300-200 200-100 100-60 Rock Layer CR RQD (CR+RQD)/2
(%) (%) (%)
Q = Allowable capacity of Pile Shear 3.3-1.9 1.9-0.7 0.7-0.4
allow
Strength/Cohesion
Re= Ultimate end bearing in MPa Weathered 50 40 45
R af = Ultimate side socket shear Rock
Slightly 90 80 85
Cub= Average shear strength below base of pile
Weathered/
Cus= Ultimate shear strength along socket length Fresh Rock
Nc= 9
Ab= Cross-sectional area of base of pile As the (CR+RQD)/2 >30%, Method 1 should
As = Surface area of socket be used.
5
As per the Method 1, Ultimate Side Socket Resistance
Ultimate pile capcity(in Newtons)- Raf = As.Cus
Qu = Re + Raf = ksp .qc.df. Ab + As.Cus As per IRC 78, for calculation of socket friction
capacity, the top 300mm depth of the rock
shall be neglected.
Ultimate end Bearing:
Rock Layer I: Weathered Rock
Re = ksp .qc.df. Ab
Socket depth in layer I= 3-.3= 2.7m
As the pile tip is rested in the rock layer II,
As=8.482 m2=8.482x106 mm2
(CR+RQD)/2=85%, ksp= 1.007
qc=15 MPa
qc= 25MPa
Cus= 0.225√qc =0.871
df= 1+0.4X6/1 =3.4 >1.2
Raf1 =8.482x106x0.871 N
Therefore, df= 1.2
= 7387.82 kN
Ab=0.785 m2 = 0.785 X 106 mm2
Re =1.007x25x1.2x0.785x X 106 N
=23714.85 kN
Rock Layer II: Slightly Weathered/ Fresh Rock

Socket depth in layer II= 3m Allowable capacity of Pile
As=9.425 m2=9.425x106 mm2 Q allow = (Re/3) + (Raf/6)
qc=25 MPa = (23714.85/3) + (17990.94/6)
Cus= 0.225√qc =1.125 = (7904.95) + (2998.49)
Raf2 = 1.125x9.425x106 N
= 10603.12 kN As per IRC 78, the allowable end bearing component after applying factor of safety shall
be restricted to 5MPa (5000 kN/m2).
Ultimate Side Socket Resistance

For 1m dia pile, 5MPa is equivalent to 3926.99 kN
Raf= Raf1 + Raf2
Hence,
Raf= 7387.82+ 10603.12
Q allow = 3926.99+ 2998.49
=17990.94 kN
=6925.48 kN
6
LATERAL LOAD CAPACITY
• The ultimate resistance of vertical pile to lateral load and deflection of the pile as
the load build up to its ultimate value are complex matter involving the
LATERAL LOAD CAPACITY OF interaction between a semi rigid structural element and the soil which deforms
partly elastically and partly plastically.
PILE FOUNDATION • The first step is to determine, if the pile will behave as short rigid unit or as
infinitely long flexible member. This is done by calculating the stiffness factor R or
T.
EXAMPLE- Stiffness factor

For pile in sand and normally loaded clays,
Determine the lateral load capacity of a 1.2m dia, 20 m long fixed head pile
foundation. The soil is embedded in dense sand. The pile cap is placed on ground Stiffness factor T= (EI/nh)0.2
and scour level is 9m below the ground.
Where,
Pile dia= 1.20m
E= Young’s modulus of pile material
Pile Length= 20m = 3.2x107 kN/m2
Grade of Concrete= M35 I= Moment of Inertial of pile cross-section
SPT N value = 32 blows =1.02x10-1 m4
Free length of the pile, e=9m nh=modulus of subgrade reaction
=4568kN/m3 (From IS 2911)
Stiffness factor, T= (EI/nh)0.2

=(3.2x107 x 1.02x10-1/4568)0.2
=3.72m
7
Considering max. deflection 1% of pile dia.
Determination of length of Fixity(zf)
Max. deflection, y=0.012m
Length of fixity shall be determined from
the figure.
L1=e=9m Horizontal pile capacity,
L1/T= 9/3.72
For fixed head condition, For free head condition,
=2.42 H= (yx12EI/(e+zf )3) H= (yx3EI/(e+zf )3)
zf=Lf= length of fixity
From the figure, for pile in sands and As the pile is fixed head,
normally loaded clay and fixed head pile,
H= (0.012x12x3.2x107 x 1.02x10-1/(9+7.7.1)3
Lf/T= 1.91
=112.62kN =11.64 tn
zf=Lf=1.91x3.72
=7.10m
Fixed end Moment Calculation

For fixed head pile, MF=H(e+zf )/2
For free head pile, MF=H(e+zf )
Actual max. moment, M=mxMF

m=reduction factor (from the fig.)
For pile in sand and normally loaded clays,
For L1/T=2.42, m=0.95
THANK YOU
Therefore for fixed head pile,
M= 0.95xHx(9+7.10)/2
=7.65xH
Max. moment in pile= 7.65XH
Where H is lateral load in tons
8
DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION
FLOW DIAGRAM
STRENGTH
PILE CAPACITY ANALYSIS FOR
Design PILE LAYOUT CHECK LATERALLY ULTIMATE SEVICEABILITY PILE CAP
Consideration LOADED PILE CAPACITY CHECK STRESS CHECK DESIGN

(As per IRC:78)
(As per IS-2911)
DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION, INCLUDING

PILE CAPS –WORKED OUT EXAMPLES
PART-2 08 September 2018
ADITYA SHARMA
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Pile Foundations
Structural Capacity
• Pile foundations shall be designed in such a way that the load from the structure can be transmitted to the sub-
• The piles shall have necessary structural strength to transmit the loads imposed on it, ultimately to the
surface with adequate factor of safety against shear failure of sub-surface and without causing such settlement
soil. In case of uplift, the structural capacity of the pile, that is, under tension should also be
(differential or total), which may result in structural damage and/or functional distress under
considered.
permanent/transient loading.
Lateral Load Capacity

• The pile shaft should have adequate structural capacity to withstand all loads (vertical, axial or otherwise) and
• A pile may be subjected to lateral force for a number of causes, such as, wind, earthquake, water
moments which are to be transmitted to the subsoil and shall be designed according to IRC :-112 & IRC :-78.
current, earth pressure, effect of moving vehicles or ships, plant and equipment, etc. The lateral load
capacity of a single pile depends not only on the horizontal subgrade modulus of the surrounding soil
Pile Capacity but also on the structural strength of the pile shaft against bending, consequent upon application of a
• The load-carrying capacity of a pile depends on the properties of the soil in which it is embedded. Axial load from a pile is lateral load.
normally transmitted to the soil through skin friction along the shaft and end-bearing at its tip.
• A horizontal load on a vertical pile is transmitted to the soil primarily by horizontal subgrade reaction generated in the
Fixed and free head conditions
upper part of the shaft. Lateral load capacity of a single pile depends on the soil reaction developed and the structural
• A group of three or more pile connected by a rigid pile cap shall be considered to have fixed head
capacity of the shaft under bending.
condition.
• To investigate the lateral load capacity of the pile using appropriate values of horizontal subgrade modulus of the soil.
• Pile capacity should preferably be confirmed by initial load tests [see IS 2911 (Part 4)].
Raker Piles
• The settlement of pile obtained at safe load/working load from load-test results on a single pile shall not be directly used
for estimating the settlement of a structure. The settlement may be determined on the basis of subsoil data and loading • Raker piles are normally provided where vertical piles cannot resist the applied horizontal forces.
details of the structure as a whole using the principles of soil mechanics. The ultimate load capacity of a single pile may be Generally the rake will be limited to 1 horizontal to 6 vertical.
obtained by using static analysis.
1
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Spacing of Piles
• The minimum centre-to-centre spacing of piles is considered from three aspects, namely,
Reinforcement
a) practical aspects of installing the piles, b) diameter of the pile, and c) nature of the load transfer to the soil and
possible reduction in the load capacity of piles group • The design of the reinforcing varies depending upon the installation conditions, the nature of the subsoil and the
nature of load to be transmitted. The minimum area of longitudinal reinforcement of any type or grade within the pile
• In case of piles founded on hard stratum and deriving their capacity mainly from end-bearing the minimum spacing shall be shaft shall be 0.4 percent of the cross-sectional area of the pile shaft. The minimum reinforcement shall be provided
2.5 times the diameter of the circumscribing circle corresponding to the cross section of the pile shaft. throughout the length of the shaft.
• In case of piles resting on rock, the spacing of two times the said diameter may be adopted.
Design of Pile Cap
• Piles deriving their load-carrying capacity mainly from friction shall be spaced sufficiently apart to ensure that the zones of
• The pile caps may be designed by assuming that the load from column is dispersed at 45º from the top of the cap to
soils from which the piles derive their support do not overlap to such an extent that their bearing values are reduced.
the mid-depth of the pile cap from the base of the column or pedestal. The reaction from piles may also be taken to be
Generally the spacing in such cases shall not be less than 3 times the diameter of the shaft.
distributed at 45º from the edge of the pile, up to the mid-depth of the pile cap.
Pile Groups • Pile cap shall be deep enough to allow for necessary anchorage of the column and pile reinforcement.
• The clear overhang of the pile cap beyond the outermost pile in the group shall be a minimum of 150 mm.
The load-carrying capacity of a pile group may be equal to or less than the load-carrying capacity of individual piles
• The embedment of pile into cap should be 75 mm.
multiplied by the number of piles in the group. The former holds true in case of friction piles, cast into progressively
stiffer materials or in end-bearing piles.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FLOW CHART FOR DESIGN OF

The safe vertical load on single pile for the initial test should be least of the following;
a) For piles more than 600 mm diameter:

PILE FOUNDATION
1) Two-thirds of the final load at which the total displacement attains value of 18 mm or maximum of 2 percent pile
diameter whichever is less unless otherwise required in a given case on the basis of nature and type of structure in
which case, the safe load should be corresponding to the stated total displacement permissible; and
2) 50 percent of the final load at which the total displacement equal to 10 percent of the pile diameter in case of Pile Design
uniform diameter piles.
b) Routine test shall be carried for a test load of at least 1.5 times the working load; the maximum settlement at the test Geotechnical Structural
design design
load being not greater than 12 mm for piles diameter up to and including 600 mm and 18 mm or 2 percent of pile (Soil) (RCC)
diameter whichever is less for piles of diameter more than 600 mm.
Vertical Lateral Serviceability Ultimate limit

capacity capacity Limit state state
Crack width Moment of

Stress check Shear check
check Resistance
2
LOAD COMBINATION PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS FOR ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF PILE & PILE CAP
FOR CHECKING OF PILE CAPACITY (LATERAL AND VERTICAL)
AND FIXING OF THE NUMBER OF PILE
Loads, Forces and their Combinations

The loads and forces may be evaluated as per IRC:6 and their combinations
for the purpose of this code will be as follows (as per IRC 78):
G-Dead Loads, W-Wind, Q-Live Loads, Fwc- water Current, Ff & Fb-
Longitudinal forces due to tractive effects, Gb-Bouyancy, Fep –Earth
Pressure,
PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS FOR SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF PILE & PILE CAP PILE LAYOUT PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS
CHECK FOR LATERALLY ULTIMATE CAPACITY SEVICEABILITY
PILE LAYOUT LOADED PILE PILE CAP DESIGN
CHECK STRESS CHECK
(As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911)
P1 P2
3.6m
Pile No. Longitudinal Transverse A xi2 yi2

8.7m
P2 P5
xi yi
1 1.80 3.60 1 3.2 13.0 3.6m

2 1.80 0.00 1 3.2 0.0
3 1.80 -3.60 1 3.2 13.0 P3 P6

4 -1.80 3.60 1 3.2 13.0
5 -1.80 0.00 1 3.2 0.0

1.8m 1.8m
6 -1.80 -3.60 1 3.2 13.0
5.1m
ZL = ΣXi2 / Xi
ZT = ΣYi2 / Yi
PILE LOAD = V/N ± ML / ZL ± MT / ZT
TRAFFIC DIRECTION
3
UNFACTORED PILE LOAD (AS PER IRC:78) RESULT SUMMARY PILE LAYOUT
PILE CAPACITY
CHECK
STRENGTH ANALYSIS
FOR LATERALLY
LOADED PILE
ULTIMATE CAPACITY SEVICEABILITY
PILE CAP DESIGN
CHECK STRESS CHECK
PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS

PILE LAYOUT LOADED PILE PILE CAP DESIGN
CHECK STRESS CHECK
Normal case Seismic case

Normal Case
Maximum Compression capacity of pile = 350t 438t
Maximum uplift allowed = -100t -125t
Normal
Forces/Moments For Pmax For Pmin Horizontal Maximum Axial Force Condition Normal(Pmax) Minimum Axial Force Condition Normal(Pmin)
Pmax Pmin ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 HL HT R
Maximum Axial force = 317t Maximum Axial force = 295t
t t t-m t-m t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
LC1 1570 1437 158 349 300 276 252 271 247 223 278 254 230 249 225 201 20.3 37.4 7.1 Minimum Axial force = 198t Minimum Axial force = 176t
LC2 1554 1422 282 456 317 285 253 265 233 201 295 263 231 242 211 179 20.3 37.4 7.1
LC3 1530 1397 176 581 312 271 231 279 239 198 290 249 209 257 217 176 18.9 37.4 7.0 Maximum Axial force = 317t OK Maximum horizontal force = 7t OK
Minimum Axial force = 176t OK

Seismic Case
Seismic
Forces/Moments For Pmax For Pmin Horizontal
Maximum Axial Force Condition Normal(Pmax) Minimum Axial Force Condition Normal(Pmin)
Pmax Pmin ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 HL HT R
t t t-m t-m t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t Maximum Axial force = 346t Maximum Axial force = 338t
1422 1371 861 339 340 317 293 181 157 134 332 308 285 172 149 125 127 38.4 22.2
Minimum Axial force = 125t Minimum Axial force = 117t
LONG. 1419 1368 895 361 344 319 294 179 154 128 336 311 286 170 145 120 127 38.3 22.2
1414 1363 874 425 346 317 287 184 155 125 338 308 279 176 146 117 127 38.2 22.1
1422 1371 264 1059 335 261 188 286 213 139 326 253 179 278 204 130 40 128 22.4 Maximum Axial force = 346t OK Maximum horizontal force = 22t
TRANS. 1419 1368 299 1082 339 264 189 284 209 134 331 256 180 275 200 125 40 128 22.3 Minimum Axial force = 117t OK
1414 1363 277 1139 340 261 182 289 210 131 332 253 174 281 202 122 40 127 22.2
1482 1311 264 332 294 271 248 246 223 199 266 243 220 217 194 171 40 38.4 9.2
VERT. 1478 1308 300 355 299 274 249 243 219 194 270 246 221 215 190 166 40 38.3 9.2
1473 1304 277 420 300 271 242 249 220 191 272 243 214 221 192 162 40 38.2 9.2
LEGEND : LC1 – MAX REACTION CASE

LC2 – MAX LONGITUDINAL MOMENT CASE
LC3 – MAX TRANSVERSE MOMENT CASE
STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF LATERALLY

MOMENT CALCULATION FOR FIXED HEAD PILE
LOADED PILE PILE LAYOUT
PILE CAPACITY
CHECK
STRENGTH ANALYSIS
FOR LATERALLY
LOADED PILE
ULTIMATE CAPACITY
CHECK
SEVICEABILITY
STRESS CHECK
PILE CAP DESIGN
MAXIMUM MOMENT IN PILE PILE LAYOUT
(As per IRC:78)
LOADED PILE
(As per IS-2911)
CHECK STRESS CHECK
PILE CAP DESIGN
• The ultimate resistance of vertical pile to lateral load and deflection of the pile as the load build up to its Fix End Moment in Pile is given by
ultimate value are complex matter involving the interaction between a semi rigid structural element and the (for Fix Head piles, refer to Cl. C.2.1 of Append. C)
MF= Q ( L1 + LF)/2
soil which deforms partly elastically and partly plastically.
and Actual Maximum Moment in Pile is given by
• THE first step is to determine, if the pile will behave as short rigid unit or as infinitely long flexible member.
This is done by calculating the stiffness factor R or T. M = m * ( MF )
or
Pile dia 1.20m M = m * Q ( L1 + LF)/2
Grade of concrete M35 Where
Moment of inertia I 1.02E-01m4 m = Reduction Factor (from Fig. 3A of Append. C,
Modulus of deformation E 3.20E+04Mpa corresponding to L1/R or LF/T)
= 3.20E+07kN/m2
for L1/T = 2.42 and piles in sands & normally loaded clays
EI = 3.26E+06kN-m2
m = 0.95 (from Fig. 3 of Append. C)
Free Length of pile "e" = 9m
Therefore
Calculation of length of fixity (Lf) M = Maximum Moment in Pile
N 32Blows M = m * Q ( L1 + LF)/2
nh 4568kN/m3 = 0.95 * Q * ( 9 + 7.10 )/2
T =(EI/nh)0.2 3.72m = 7.65 * Q
e/T 2.42 Therefore
zf/T 1.91 Maximum Moment in Pile = 7.65 * Q
zf 7.10m where Q is Lateral load in tons
Max. deflection (Y) = 0.012m
Horizontal pile capacity = (Y*12*E*I/(L1+Lf)^3)
112.4kN
11.24t
say 11t
4
LOAD COMBINATION FOR ULTIMATE STREGTH CHECK CONTINUED… PILE LAYOUT
PILE CAPACITY
CHECK
STRENGTH ANALYSIS
FOR LATERALLY
LOADED PILE
ULTIMATE CAPACITY
CHECK
SEVICEABILITY
STRESS CHECK
PILE CAP DESIGN

FOR LATERALLY
PILE LAYOUT CHECK
LOADED PILE
ULTIMATE CAPACITY
CHECK
SEVICEABILITY
STRESS CHECK
PILE CAP DESIGN Seismic Combination
(As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911) Forces/Moments For Pmax For Pmin Horizontal
Load
Pmax Pmin ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 HL HT HR/pile
Case
t t t-m t-m t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
SCF1 1936 1859 1385 494 485 451 417 229 194 160 472 438 404 216 182 147 205 58 36
Combination 1 SCF2 1934 1857 1513 512 498 462 427 218 182 147 485 450 414 205 169 134 221 57 38
Forces/Moments For Pmax For Pmin Horizontal SCF3 1930 1854 1496 529 497 460 423 220 183 146 484 448 411 207 170 134 221 57 38
Load
Pmax Pmin ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 HL HT HR/pile SCF4 1936 1859 598 1575 487 378 269 377 267 158 475 365 256 364 255 145 89 192 35
Case
t t t-m t-m t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t SCF5 1934 1857 618 1593 490 380 269 376 265 155 477 367 256 363 252 142 89 192 35
(C-1)1 2148 2029 395 370 420 395 369 347 321 296 400 375 349 327 302 276 53 34 11 SCF6 1930 1854 601 1600 488 377 266 377 266 155 476 365 253 364 253 142 89 191 35
(C-1)2 2141 1942 398 491 428 394 360 354 320 286 395 361 326 321 287 253 55 56 13 SCF7 2026 1770 598 484 427 393 359 316 282 249 384 350 317 273 240 206 89 58 18
(C-1)3 2125 2006 576 530 444 408 371 338 301 264 425 388 351 318 281 244 53 34 11 SCF8 2023 1768 620 503 430 395 360 315 280 245 387 352 317 272 237 202 89 57 18
(C-1)4 2124 1925 540 613 447 404 361 347 304 261 413 371 328 313 271 228 55 56 13 SCF9 2019 1765 601 521 428 392 356 317 281 245 386 350 314 275 238 202 89 57 18
(C-1)5 2089 1970 418 700 436 387 338 358 309 261 416 367 318 338 290 241 51 34 10 Critical Case for design
(C-1)6 2096 1897 419 757 441 388 336 363 311 258 408 355 302 330 277 225 53 56 13 C3
C1 C2
Combination 2 Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin LEGEND: F1- LONG SEISMIC MAX REACTION
Forces/Moments For Pmax For Pmin Horizontal 447 225 343 150 498 134 F2-LONG SEISMIC MAX LONG MOMENT CASE
Load F3- LONG SEISMIC MAX TRANS MOMENT CASE
Case F4 – TRANS SEISMIC MAX REACTION CASE
t t t-m t-m t t t t t t T T t t t t t t t
Moment Factor = 8.0m F5- TRANS SEISMIC MAX LONG MOMENT CASE
(C-2)1 1596 1490 348 326 321 298 276 256 234 211 303 281 258 239 216 193 47 30 9
Additional Shift Considered in design = 0.08m F6 – TRANS SEISMIC MAX TRANS MOMENT CASE
(C-2)2 1589 1417 350 426 327 297 268 262 233 203 298 269 239 233 204 174 48 49 11 F7- VERTICAL SEISMIC MAX REACTION CASE
(C-2)3 1577 1470 505 465 342 310 277 248 216 184 324 292 260 231 198 166 47 30 9
SUMMARY OF LOADS AT TOP OF PILE F8- VERTICAL SEISMIC MAX LONG MOMENT CASE
(C-2)4 1574 1402 473 532 343 306 269 256 219 182 314 277 240 227 190 153 48 49 11 F9- VERTICAL SEISMIC MAX TRANS MOMENT CASE
(ULTIMATE)
(C-2)5 1545 1439 368 612 334 292 249 266 223 181 316 274 231 248 206 163 45 30 9
(C-2)6 1550 1377 368 657 338 292 247 270 224 179 309 264 218 241 196 150 47 49 11
Normal Case Seismicl Case
LEGENDS: 1. LL LEADING MAX REACTION CASE P HR MR P HR MR
2. LL ACCOMPANYING MAX REACTION CASE
3. LL LEADING MAX LONG MOMENT CASE 1. Maximum Vertcal Load 447 13 138 498 38 342
4. LL ACCOMPANYING MAX LONG MOMENT CASE 2. Minimum Vertcal Load 150 11 101 134 38 314
5. LL LEADING MAX TRANS MOMENT CASE
3. Maximum Horizontal Load 253 13 123 134 38 314
6. LL ACCOMPANYING MAX TRANS MOMENT CASE
4. Max (M/P) Load case 150 11 101 134 38 314
LOAD COMBINATION FOR PILE LAYOUT

PILE CAPACITY
CHECK
(As per IRC:78)
STRENGTH ANALYSIS
FOR LATERALLY
LOADED PILE
ULTIMATE CAPACITY
CHECK
SEVICEABILITY
STRESS CHECK
PILE CAP DESIGN
OASYS ANALYSIS
SERVICEABILITY CHECK
(As per IS-2911)
Rare Combination
Oasys Input Oasys Output Result
Forces/Moments For Pmax For Pmin Horizontal Limiting
Load Status
Pmax Pmin ML MT 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 HL HT HR/pile P (kN) Mr (kNm) Value
Case
t t t-m t-m t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t 1.0
Load Case No 1 ULS 1 4381 1353 Max M/Mu = 0.82 OK
R1 1564 1484 264 247 302 285 268 253 236 219 289 272 255 240 223 206 36 22 7
R2 1557 1424 264 326 307 284 261 258 235 212 284 262 239 236 213 190 36 37 9 Load Case No 2 ULS 2 ULS 1470 992
R3 1548 1469 387 353 318 294 269 247 222 198 305 281 256 234 209 184 36 22 7 Load Case No 3 ULS 3 Normal 2480 1211 Stress in Concrete = 5.5 mpa 16.8 mpa OK
R4 1545 1413 359 406 319 291 263 252 224 196 297 269 241 230 202 174 36 37 9 300
Load Case No 4 ULS 4 1470 992 Stress in Steel = 31.66 mpa mpa OK
R5 1524 1445 282 479 313 280 247 261 228 195 300 267 234 248 215 181 34 22 7
R6 1527 1395 280 512 316 280 245 264 229 193 294 258 223 242 206 171 35 37 9 Load Case No 5 ULS 5 4885 3352
Load Case No 6 ULS 6 ULS 1311 3081 Crack width = 0.000 mm 0.3 mm OK
Quasi Combination Seismic 1314
Forces/Moments For Pmax For Pmin
Load Case No 7 ULS 7 3084
Horizontal
Load Load Case No 8 ULS 8 1311 3081
Case
t t t-m t-m t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t Load Case No 9 SLS 1 3130 575
Q1 1359 1359 108 0 236 236 236 216 216 216 236 236 236 216 216 216 16 0 3 SLS Stress
Load Case No 10 SLS 2 1677 462
Q2 1359 1359 108 0 236 236 236 216 216 216 236 236 236 216 216 216 16 0 3 Check
Q3 1359 1359 108 0 236 236 236 216 216 216 236 236 236 216 216 216 16 0 3 Load Case No 11 SLS 3 (Rare) 1867 481
Q4 1359 1359 108 0 236 236 236 216 216 216 236 236 236 216 216 216 16 0 3 Load Case No 12 SLS 4 1677 462
Q5 1359 1359 108 0 236 236 236 216 216 216 236 236 236 216 216 216 16 0 3
Q6 1359 1359 108 0 236 236 236 216 216 216 236 236 236 216 216 216 16 0 3 SLS Crack
Check
Critical Case for design Load Case No 15 SLS 7 (Quasi) 2123 262
C1 C2 Load Case No 16 SLS 8 2123 262
Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin
319 193 236 216
Moment Factor = 8.0m Pile Dia. = 1.2 m

Additional Shift Considered in design = 0.08m
Reinforcement = 24 No. 32 mm Dia.
SUMMARY OF LOADS AT TOP OF PILE (Serviceability)
LEGENDS: 1. LL LEADING MAX REACTION CASE Ast = 1.71 % OK
RARE QUASI 2. LL ACCOMPANYING MAX REACTION CASE
P HR MR P HR MR 3. LL LEADING MAX LONG MOMENT CASE Ast min = 0.40 %
1. Maximum Vertcal Load 319 9 59 236 3 28 4. LL ACCOMPANYING MAX LONG MOMENT CASE
2. Minimum Vertcal Load 171 9 47 216 3 27 5. LL LEADING MAX TRANS MOMENT CASE
3. Maximum Horizontal Load 190 9 49 216 3 27 6. LL ACCOMPANYING MAX TRANS MOMENT CASE
4. Max (M/P) Load case 171 9 47 216 3 27
5
OASYS MODEL OASYS OUTPUT
Strength Check
Section 1 Details Section Material Properties
Definition Type Concrete
Name Concrete M35
Name Section 1
Type Concrete Weight Normal Weight
Material Concrete M35 Density r 2.400t/m3

Origin Centre Cylinder Strength fck 28.50N/mm2
Dimensions Tensile Strength fctm 4.140N/mm2
Diameter 1200.mm
Elastic Modulus (short E 29580.N/mm2
term)
Section Area 1.131E+6mm2
Poisson's Ratio n 0.2000
Reinforcement Area 19300.mm2
Coeff. Thermal Expansion a 10.00E-6/°C
Reinforcement 1.707%
Partial Safety Factor gmc,ULS 1.500
gmc,SLS 1.000
Maximum Strain 0.003500[-]
Plateau Strain 0.002000[-]
ULS Compression Curve Parabola-rect.
ULS Tension Curve No-tension
SLS Compression Curve Fig 3.2
SLS Tension Curve Interpolated
Aggregate Size 0.0mm
Applied loads Section 1 Details SLS Stress Check

Reinforcement Properties Load Case Titles Case Eff. Eff. N M Mu M/Mu Governing Neutral Neutral
Load Case N Myy Mzz Centroid Centroid Condition Axis Axis Section Material Stresses/Strains at SLS Loads
Name 500B Load Title 1.71% reinforcement in section 1 (Section 1).
(y) (z) Angle Depth
fy 500.0N/mm2 Case [kN] [kNm] [kNm] Check this against code requirements.
[kN] [kNm] [kNm] [°] [mm] Warning: For partially or fully cracked elements, the uncracked stresses and strains will be unrealistic. Use the
Modulus 200000.N/mm2 1 ULS Case 1 ULS Case 1 4381. 1353. 0.0 Maxima cracked section results as an upper bound of the stresses in this case.
2 ULS Case 2 ULS Case 2 1470. 992.0 0.0 7 -3.356E-6 4.800E-6 1314. 3084. 3741. 0.8244 B: Node 1
Partial Safety Factor gms,ULS 1.150 ULS Case 3 2480. 1211. 0.0 ULS Cases Analysed Minima Case Point Coordinates Uncracked Cracked Notes
3 ULS Case 3
gms,SLS 1.000 2 -3.357E-6 4.805E-6 1470. 992.0 3775. 0.2628 B: Node 1 y z Strain Stress Strain Stress
4 ULS Case 4 ULS Case 4 1470. 992.0 0.0
Maximum Strain 0.05000[-] [mm] [mm] [-] [N/mm²] [-] [N/mm²]
5 ULS Case 5 ULS Case 5 4885. 3352. 0.0 Name Loading Pre-stress Maxima
Stress/Strain Curve Elastic-plastic 6 ULS Case 6 ULS Case 6 1311. 3081. 0.0 Factor Section Material Stresses/Strains at ULS 1 1 0.0 601.2 175.7E-6 5.522 176.4E-6 5.545
ULS Case 7 1314. 3084. 0.0 Strength 1 1 0.0 601.2 175.7E-6 5.522 176.4E-6 5.545
Loading
7 ULS Case 7 Strength Analysis - Loads 1 1 0.0 601.2 175.7E-6 5.522 176.4E-6 5.545
8 ULS Case 8 ULS Case 8 1311. 3081. 0.0
Case Bar Coordinates Notes 1 1 0.0 601.2 175.7E-6 5.522 176.4E-6 5.545
9 SLS Case 1 SLS Case 1 3130. 575.0 0.0 y z Strain Stress Minima
Case N Myy Mzz M q
Reference Point 10 SLS Case 2 SLS Case 2 1677. 462.0 0.0 [mm] [mm] [-] [N/mm²] 2 21 -52.56E-6 -601.2 -34.56E-6 -1.022 -51.99E-6 0.0
[kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] [°] Maxima 2 21 -52.56E-6 -601.2 -34.56E-6 -1.022 -51.99E-6 0.0
11 SLS Case 3 SLS Case 3 1867. 481.0 0.0
1 4381. 1353. 0.0 1353. 0.0 6 1 0.0 601.2 0.003500 16.15 2 21 -52.56E-6 -601.2 -34.56E-6 -1.022 -51.99E-6 0.0
12 SLS Case 4 SLS Case 4 1677. 462.0 0.0
All loading acts through the Reference Point. 2 1470. 992.0 0.0 992.0 0.0 1 1 0.0 601.2 0.003500 16.15 1 18 273.0 -535.7 -6.056E-6 -0.1791 -7.234E-6 0.0
13 SLS Case 5 SLS Case 5 2320. 277.0 0.0 Minima
All strain planes are defined relative to the 3 2480. 1211. 0.0 1211. 0.0
14 SLS Case 6 SLS Case 6 2123. 262.0 0.0 6 21 -52.56E-6 -601.2 -0.007172 0.0
Reference Point. 4 1470. 992.0 0.0 992.0 0.0
SLS Case 7 2123. 262.0 0.0 1 11 601.2 -26.28E-6 -616.2E-6 0.0 Reinforcement Stresses/Strains at SLS Loads
15 SLS Case 7 5 4885. 3352. 0.0 3352. 0.0
Definition Geometric 16 SLS Case 8 SLS Case 8 2123. 262.0 0.0
6 1311. 3081. 0.0 3081. 0.0 Warning: For partially or fully cracked elements, the uncracked stresses and strains will be unrealistic. Use the
Centroid
7 1314. 3084. 0.0 3084. 0.0 Reinforcement Stresses/Strains at ULS cracked section results as an upper bound of the stresses in this case.
Reference Point Coordinates y 0.0mm Strength
z 0.0mm 8 1311. 3081. 0.0 3081. 0.0 Case Bar Coordinates Uncracked Cracked Notes
Case Bar Coordinates Notes y z Strain Stress Strain Stress
y z Strain Stress [mm] [mm] [-] [N/mm²] [-] [N/mm²]
Strength Analysis - Summary [mm] [mm] [-] [N/mm²] Maxima
Maxima 1 1 0.0 489.0 157.7E-6 31.55 158.3E-6 31.66 500B
Governing conditions are defined as: 5 1 0.0 489.0 0.002759 434.8 500B 1 1 0.0 489.0 157.7E-6 31.55 158.3E-6 31.66 500B
A - reinforcing steel tension strain limit 1 1 0.0 489.0 0.002732 434.8 500B 1 1 0.0 489.0 157.7E-6 31.55 158.3E-6 31.66 500B
B - concrete compression strain limit Minima 1 1 0.0 489.0 157.7E-6 31.55 158.3E-6 31.66 500B
6 13 -42.75E-6 -489.0 -0.006176 -434.8 500B Minima
C - concrete pure compression strain limit 1 9 423.5 -244.5 -0.002290 -434.8 500B 2 13 -42.75E-6 -489.0 -20.24E-6 -4.048 -35.23E-6 -7.045 500B
Eurocode 2 Section 6.1 2 13 -42.75E-6 -489.0 -20.24E-6 -4.048 -35.23E-6 -7.045 500B
2 13 -42.75E-6 -489.0 -20.24E-6 -4.048 -35.23E-6 -7.045 500B
Effective centroid is reported relative to the reference point.
2 13 -42.75E-6 -489.0 -20.24E-6 -4.048 -35.23E-6 -7.045 500B
6
DESIGN OF PILE (BY MODELLING SOIL PARAMETERS USING IS-2911)
SLS Crack Check
Crack Widths at SLS Loads

THE LATERAL SOIL RESISTANCE FOR GRANULAR SOIL AND NORMALLY CONSOLIDATED CLAY WHICH
HAVE VARYING SOIL MODULUS IS MODELLED ACCORDING TO EQUATION
Approximate Local Crack Check
Warning: This calculation uses expression (7.11) based on a simplified section geometry local to the governing bar.
General checks are available for rectangular (non-compound) sections with template reinforcement and uni-axial bending.
The governing bar is selected based on bar strain. The results may not be the maximum crack width in the following
cases:
Governing bar does not have the greatest cover in the section
Governing bar does not have the widest spacing in the section
The calculation meets the boundary between components
Bar spacing > 5(c+f/2) - where this condition affects the governing bar it is identified below
There are no checks for situations remote from bars (where expression (7.14) applies) - these may occur away from the
governing bar.
For widely spaced bars crack widths are calculated based on the strain at the bars.
Case Bar Cover h x d hc,ef Ac,eff rp,eff k1 k2 Bar Sr,max Spacing>5(c+f/2) es (esm - ecm) Crack Width
c f
At Surface Factor For Durability
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm²] [mm] [mm] [-] [-] [mm] [mm]
SOIL STIFFNESS CALCULATION IDEALISATION OF PILE GROUP FOR LAND

BORELOG 1 BORELOG 2 BORE LOG 3 BORELOG 4
Depth
Blows KN/m3 Stiffness Blows KN/m3 Stiffness Blows KN/m3 Stiffness Blows KN/m3 Stiffness
1.3
2 5 380 439 13 1832 2116 16 2235 2582 13 1875 2166
3 9 1200 3000 15 2120 5300 20 2840 7100 20 2840 7100
4 12 1688 5908 18 2552 8932 21 2984 10444 23 3272 11452
5 14 1976 8892 26 3704 16668 19 2696 12132 23 3272 14724
6 16 2264 12452 30 4280 23540 20 2840 15620 23 3272 17996
7 17 2408 15652 32 4568 29692 22 3128 20332 24 3416 22204
8 18 2552 19140 29 4136 31020 26 3704 27780 26 3704 27780
9 19 2696 22916 25 3560 30260 25 3560 30260 29 4136 35156
10 20 2840 26980 23 3272 31084 25 3560 33820 35 5000 47500
11 20 2840 29820 25 3560 37380 25 3560 37380 48 6400 67200
12 22 3128 35972 27 3848 44252 25 3560 40940 41 5646 64931
13 23 3272 40900 26 3704 46300 25 3560 44500 35 5000 62500
14 25 3560 48060 19 2696 36396 28 3992 53892 37 5215 70408
15 26 3704 53708 20 2840 41180 26 3704 53708 41 5646 81869
16 32 4568 70804 23 3272 50716 25 3560 55180 45 6077 94192
17 46 6185 102046 26 3704 61116 28 3992 65868 46 6185 102046
18 51 6723 117654 23 3272 57260 32 4568 79940 37 5215 91269
19 54 7046 130354 21 2984 55204 33 4712 87172 32 4568 84508
20 57 7369 143700 23 3272 63804 27 3848 75036 35 5000 97500
21 59 7585 155485 25 3560 72980 28 3992 81836 34 4856 99548
22 61 7800 167700 27 3848 82732 29 4136 88924 33 4712 101308
23 63 8015 180346 28 3992 89820 30 4280 96300 33 4712 106020
24 66 8338 195954 29 4136 97196 32 4568 107348 33 4712 110732
25 60 7692 188462 30 4280 104860 32 4568 111916 33 4712 115444
NOTE - SOIL STIFFNESS USED IN STAAD ANALYSIS BEHAVIOUR OF LATERALLY LOADED PILE
7
IDEALISATION OF PILE GROUP FOR SCOUR CONDITIONS
FLOW CHART FOR DESIGN OF
PILE CAP
Pile cap
Design
Structural
design
(RCC)
Serviceability Ultimate
Limit state limit state
Y Load 1
Z X
Crack width Moment of
Stress check Shear check
Load 204 : Bending Z : Displacement
check Resistance
BEHAVIOUR OF LATERALLY LOADED PILE
PILE CAP DESIGN

PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS
CHECK FOR LATERALLY ULTIMATE CAPACITY SEVICEABILITY CHECK FOR LATERALLY ULTIMATE CAPACITY SEVICEABILITY
PILE LAYOUT LOADED PILE PILE CAP DESIGN PILE LAYOUT LOADED PILE PILE CAP DESIGN
CHECK STRESS CHECK CHECK STRESS CHECK
CONTINUED…
(As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911) (As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911)
(BENDING APPROACH)
Load on Individual Piles
fcd = 15.63MPa P1 P2
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
S. No.
fyd = 434.8MPa t t t t t t
Rlim = 5.80MPa 3.6m
1 420.4 394.7 369.0 347.1 321.4 295.7
Clear cover = 103mm 2 427.8 393.8 359.7 354.1 320.0 286.0
3 444.4 407.6 370.8 337.7 300.9 264.0
Overall depth of pile cap = 1.8m 4 446.6 404.0 361.4 346.6 304.0 261.4
8.7m
Depth of soil over pile cap = 0.0m P2 P5 5 435.5 386.9 338.3 358.1 309.5 260.9
6 440.7 388.1 335.5 363.2 310.6 258.0
Dia of pier = 2.00m 7 320.9 298.3 275.7 256.5 233.8 211.2
Size of equivalent square = 1.77m 3.6m 8 326.9 297.3 267.7 262.1 232.5 203.0
9 341.8 309.5 277.3 248.2 216.0 183.7
Longitudinal distance of CG of each pile 10 343.1 306.2 269.2 255.5 218.6 181.6
from face of equivalent square (Outer Row) = 0.91m 11 334.1 291.6 249.1 265.9 223.5 181.0
P3 P6
12 338.0 292.4 246.7 270.0 224.3 178.7
13 485.2 450.9 416.6 228.8 194.5 160.1
Trans. distance of CG of each pile (P1 P4,P3 P6)
14 497.9 462.4 426.9 217.8 182.2 146.7
from face of equivalent square (Outer Row) = 2.71m
15 497.0 460.2 423.5 219.9 183.2 146.4
1.8m 1.8m 16 487.4 378.1 268.7 376.7 267.4 158.0
Load intensity due to self weight
17 490.1 379.5 268.9 375.7 265.1 154.5
of pile cap = 4.5t/m2 5.1m 18 488.5 377.3 266.2 377.2 266.0 154.9
19 426.6 393.0 359.4 315.9 282.3 248.7
20 429.5 394.6 359.7 314.8 279.9 244.9
21 428.4 392.2 356.0 317.1 280.9 244.7
LOADS CALCULATED AS EARLIER…
8
STRENGTH
PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS PILE CAPACITY ANALYSIS FOR
CHECK FOR LATERALLY ULTIMATE CAPACITY SEVICEABILITY CHECK LATERALLY ULTIMATE SEVICEABILITY
PILE LAYOUT LOADED PILE PILE CAP DESIGN PILE LAYOUT PILE CAP DESIGN
CHECK STRESS CHECK LOADED PILE CAPACITY CHECK STRESS CHECK
(As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911) (As per IRC:78)
(As per IS-2911)
Design for Shear

Design for Flexure Critical section for shear
Critical section for moment is at the face of equivalent square
Critical section for shear is shown in figure
Moment due to piles (P1, P2, P3) and (P4, P5, P6) = 145.7t-m/m
Moment due to self weight and weight of soil upto GL above = 6.2t-m/m
Net moment = 139.5t-m/m
Load applied from the face of support a v = 0.914m
Effective depth required dreqd = √(Mu/(R*b)) = 490.2mm
0.5d = 0.828m
Effective depth provided dprovided = 1655mm 2d = 3.310m
OK
R = Mu/bd2 = 0.51 The multiplication factor by which V Ed should be multiplied β=av/2d
Ast, required = 1971.4mm2/m β = 0.276
Minimum Ast, required per meter width = 2409.7mm2/m (max. Of 0.26fctm/fyk*bt*d and 0.0013b t*d) Where 0.5*d<av<2*d
Governing Ast, required per meter width = 2409.7mm2/m
Provide β = 0.250
Bar Dia 20 mm 20 mm at bottom Where av=or <0.5*d
+
Spacing c/c 200 mm 200 mm
Ast, provided = 3141.6mm2/m Hence in our
OK case β = 0.276
Maximum Ast per m width Ast,max = 41375mm2/m (0.025Ac)
Distance of critical section from face = 0.314m
Shear due to piles ((P1, P2, P3) and (P4, P5, P6) = 159.4t/m
Shear due to self weight and weight of soil on pile cap upto GL = 6.1t/m
Shear due to weight of soil on pile cap above GL = 0.0t/m
Shear due to weight of RE wall = 0.0t/m
Net Shear VEd = 153.4t/m

(As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911) Transverse Direction (As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911)
Moment due to piles (P1, P6)

Tensile Reinforcement Asl = 3141.6mm2 and (P3, P4) = 460.7t-m/m
Width of Minimum shear reinforcement ratio Moment due to self weight and
beam bw = 1000mm weight of soil upto GL = 27.0t-m/m Design for Shear
ρmin = 0.072√fck/fyk
Effective Moment due to weight of soil
Depth d = 1655.0mm = 0.00085 above GL = 0.0t-m Critical section for shear is shown in figure
1.66E+ Asw.min = ρmin*s*bw = 170.38mm2 Moment due to weight of RE
Ac = 06mm2 wall = 0.0t-m
Critical section for shear
NEd = 0kN
z = 0.9d = 1489.5mm Net moment = 2212.1t-m
K = 1+ 200 ≤ 2 = 1.35 fywd = 0.8fyk/γm = 347.8MPa
d Effective depth
cotθ = 2.5 required dreqd = √(Mu/(R*b)) = 864.5mm
0.031K3/2f αcw = 1 For σcp = 0
νmin = 1/2 = 0.29 Effective depth
ck
bw = 1000mm provided dprovided = 1681mm
= 0.6 For fck ≤ 80MPa OK
σcp = NEd/Ac < 0.2fcd = 0 ν1
R = Mu/bd2 = 1.53
ρl = Asl ≤ 0.02 = 0.00190
Shear resistance by the yielding of shear mm2/
bwd reinforcement Ast, required = 6267.0m
(max. Of
Shear Capacity of Cl. 10.3.2, IRC:112- VRd.s = (Asw/s)*z*fywd*cotθ
Minimum Ast, required per meter mm2/ 0.26fctm/fyk*bt*d and
section 2011 = 203.45t width = 2447.5m 0.0013bt*d)
[0.12K(80ρlfck)0.33 + (νmin + Governing Ast, required per meter mm2/
VRd.c = 0.15σcp]bwd ≥ 0.15σcp)bwd width = 6267.0m
= 47.5t VRd.max = αcw*bw*z*ν1*fcd/(cotθ+tanθ)
< 153.4t Provide Shear Reinf. = 481.8t Provide
at
mm dia stirrups Bar Dia 32 mm 25 mm bottom
Provide 4L 10at 200mm c/c Shear resistance of section = smaller of VRd.s and VRd.max +
200
= 203.45t Spacing c/c 200 mm mm
Asw = 314.2mm2 >min shear reinforcement - OK Provided Shear reinforcement is OK
s = 200mm mm2/
Ast, provided = 6475.6m
OK
Maximum Ast per m mm2/ (0.025
width Ast,max = 42025 m A c)
9
(As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911) (As per IRC:78) (As per IS-2911)
Tensile
Design for Shear Reinforcement Asl = 6475.6mm2
Width of Minimum shear reinforcement ratio
Critical section for shear is shown in figure beam bw = 1000mm
Effective ρmin = 0.072√fck/fyk
Load applied from the face of support Depth d = 1681.0mm = 0.00085
av = 2.714m 1.68E+ Asw.min = ρmin*s*bw = 170.38mm2
0.5d = 0.841m Ac = 06mm2
2d = 3.362m NEd = 0kN
z = 0.9d = 1512.9mm
The multiplication factor by which VEd should be multiplied K = 1+ 200 ≤ 2 = 1.34 fywd = 0.8fyk/γm = 347.8MPa
β=av/2d d
cotθ = 2.5
β = 0.807 0.031K3/2 αcw = 1 For σcp = 0
Where 0.5*d<av<2*d νmin = fck1/2 = 0.29 bw = 1000mm
ν1 = 0.6 For fck ≤ 80MPa
σcp = NEd/Ac < 0.2fcd = 0
β = 0.250
Where av=or <0.5*d 0.0038 Shear resistance by the yielding of shear
ρl = Asl ≤ 0.02 = 5 reinforcement
Hence in our bwd VRd.s = (Asw/s)*z*fywd*cotθ
case β = 0.807
= 206.65t
Shear Capacity of Cl. 10.3.2, IRC:112-
Distance of critical section from face = 2.114m section 2011
[0.12K(80ρlfck)0.33 + (νmin +
Shear due to piles ((P1, P6) and (P3, VRd.c = 0.15σcp]bwd ≥ 0.15σcp)bwd VRd.max = αcw*bw*z*ν1*fcd/(cotθ+tanθ)
P4) = 169.8t/m = 59.5t = 489.3t
< 131.0t Provide Shear Reinf.
Shear due to self weight and weight of soil upto
GL = 6.1t/m
mm dia
Shear due to weight of soil on pile cap above GL = 0.0t
Provide 4L 10stirrups at 200mm c/c Shear resistance of section = smaller of VRd.s and VRd.max
Shear due to weight of RE
wall = 0.0t = 206.65t
Control Perimeter, ui >min shear reinforcement -
Provided Shear reinforcement is OK
Asw = 314.2mm2 OK
Net Shear VEd = 131.0t s = 200mm
ui
2.0m a
a Distance of control perimeter ui from pier face
Two times of avg. Effective depth = 2d = 3.334 m

Maximum value of a = 1.55 m
Calculation of Punching Shear

Face of Pier At a = 0 m
Dia of control perimeter = 2.0 m
Length of control perimeter
u0 = 6.28 m
Area within control perimeter = 3.142 m
Punching Shear at u0 perimeter
a = 0 m
V Ed.red = V Ed - ∆V Ed
u0 = 3.38 m
PUNCHING SHEAR OF PIER IN PILE
V Applied shear force Ed
PUNCHING SHEAR-PILE V Ed Applied shear force
PUNCHING OF PIER IN PILE CAP ∆V Ed Net upward force within the control perimeter considered, i.e. Upward pressure from soil minus self weight of base
Critical Case for Punching Shear
V Ed = 496.9 t
P ML MT M V Ed = 2166.4 t v Ed = V Ed = 88.08 t/m

2
= 0.88 MPa OK
t t-m t-m t-m
2166.4 412.5 354.9 544.2
∆V Ed = 0t punching shear should be verified at the face of the column and at control perimeter within 2d from theface
fce ofof the
tehecolumn
column ud
Cl. 10.4.5 (1), IRC:112-2011 Punching Shear Resistance
Dia of pier D = 2.0 m
Dia of pile = 1.2 m V Ed.red = 2166.4 t v Rd.max = 0.5*ν*f cd Cl. 10.4.6, Eqn. 10.43, IRC:112-2011
PUNCHING OF PILE IN PILE CAP
T-T or z ν = 0.6(1-f ck /310) fck is in MPa
For eccentric loading
v Ed = V Ed.red 1 + kM Ed u Cl. 10.4.5 (3), IRC:112-2011 Punching shear is checked for Pile P1 (corner pile) as maximum load comed on this pile = 0.53
P1 P6
ud V Ed.red W v Rd.max = 4.16 MPa
3.6 Maximum Axial force on pile

= 496.9 t Punching Shear at u1 perimeter (a = 2d) (ignoring the presence of supports)
P2
a = 3.334 m
P5 L-L or y k = 0.6
8.7 Length of control perimeter
u1 = 8.06 m
0.75m
M Ed = 544.2 t-m V Ed Applied shear force
3.6 P3
P4
V Ed = 496.9 t
W = 4(D/2+a) 2 for circular area using Eqn. 10.26, IRC:112-2011
= 4.0 m2 v Ed = V Ed = 36.97 t/m
2
= 0.37 MPa OK
1.8 1.8
ud
2 a
5.1 v Ed = 255.84 t/m
Punching Shear Resistance
Distance of pier face from edge in y dirn. = 1.55 m
= 2.56 MPa OK v Rd = 0.12K(80 ρlfck)1/32d/a ≥ v min 2d/a Cl. 10.4.5, Eqn. 10.40, IRC:112-2011
Distance of pier face from edge in z dirn. = 3.35 m
0.75m
Punching Shear Resistance K = 1+ √(200/d) ≤ 2 d is in mm
Distance of pier face from pile P2 or P5 in y dirn.= 1.2 m
Distance of pier face from (P1,P6) or (P3,P4) in z=dirn. 3m v Rd.max = 0.5*ν*f cd Cl. 10.4.6, Eqn. 10.43, IRC:112-2011 = 1.35
Overall depth of pile cap = 1.8 m Blown up view of corner pile v min = 0.031K 3/2
fck 1/2
= 0.287 MPa
Effective depth in y dirn.dy = 1.653 m ν = 0.6(1-f ck /310) fck is in MPa
Effective depth in z dirn.dz = 1.681 m = 0.53 ρl = √(ρ ly ρ lz ) ≤ 0.02
Average effective depthd = (dy +dz)/2 Cl. 10.4.2 (2), IRC:112-2011
= 1.667 m ρ ly = 0.001
v Rd.max = 4.16 MPa
ρ lz = 0.005
ρl = 0.003
At a = 1.55 m
Dia of control perimeter = 5.1 m v Rd = 0.62 MPa
u0 = 16.02 m
Area within control perimeter = 20.428 m
V Ed.red = V Ed - ∆V Ed
V Ed Applied shear force

∆V Ed Net upward force within the control perimeter considered, i.e. Upward pressure from soil minus self weight of base
V Ed = 2166.4 t
∆V Ed = 784.8 t
V Ed.red = 1381.6 t
For eccentric loading

v Ed = V Ed.red 1 + kM Ed u Cl. 10.4.5 (3), IRC:112-2011
10
TYPICAL PILE AND PILE CAP DRAWING COLLAPSED PILE
COLLAPSED PILE REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF PILE CAP
11
DESIGN OF WELL FOUNDATION
FLOW DIAGRAM
PART-1 PART-2
WELL WELL CHECK FOR
STABILITY WELL CAP
FOUNDATION – FOUNDATION LOAD CASES STEINING
CHECK DESIGN

DESIGN WORKED OUT STRESSES
PROCEDURE EXAMPLE
DESIGN OF WELL FOUNDATION, INCLUDING

WELL CAP
08 Sept 2018, ADITYA SHARMA
WELL FOUNDATION -GENERAL
• Large, thick, hollow cylindrical well sunk into the ground to transmit loads from
superstructure and substructure of bridge to the founding soil
PART-1
• Provided in deep water cannels with having a single/double dredge hole. While selecting the
shape, size and type of well, the size of abutment and pier to be accommodated,
PROCEDURE FOR DESIGN OF WELL
FOUNDATION • Suitable for very heavy vertical and lateral loadings as well as large scour depths
• Commonly used and popular type of foundation in alluvial plains in South Asian region
• Not suitable for clay sand soils containing large boulders
1
ABUTMENT & PIER WELL –GENERAL FEATURES WELL FOUNDATION –DESIGN PROCEDURE
Design of well foundation is carried out in the following steps.
• Determine the shape and size of well foundation
• Determine the depth of well foundation
• Check the stability of well foundation-Check stability at elastic state-Check stability at

ultimate state
• Perform structural design of well foundation-Design well cap-Design well steining-

Design well curb-Design of bottom plug
WELL FOUNDATION - DESIGN PROCEDURE WELL FOUNDATION - DESIGN PROCEDURE
Loads and loads combination to be considered in the design of well Tilt & Shift
are • Soil stratum through which the wells are sunk are very rarely uniform and therefore, the
resistance offered by these layers to the sinking is different in different parts of the wells
• Dead loads from superstructure(G), self weight of substructure including weight of due to which tilt and shift of well may occur. The effect of tilt and shift is to cause extra
sand filling(G), live load(Q), longitudinal force by braking(Fb),buoyancy(Gb),force foundation pressure and this pressure shall be considered in design.
due to water current(Fwc),frictional force due to expansion/contraction of
superstructure(Ff ),wind load (W),forces due to tilt and shift of the well(G),seismic
load from superstructure and substructure(Feq),load due to backfill, Load due to • As far as possible, the wells shall be sunk plumb without any tilts and shifts. However, a tilt
snow(Gs),erection load(Fer),force due to water wave(Fwp),impact due to floating of 1 in 80 and a shift of 150 mm due to translation (both additive) in a direction which will
cause most severe effect shall be considered in the design of well foundations
bodies(Fim)and centrifugal force(Fcf)
• Buoyancy is separately considered for HFL and LWL. Only15% of the total buoyant
force is taken for the depth below max. scour level.
• For Stability of Load Combination as per (IRC:78-2014,Cl.706.1.1)
• Combination (I): G + Q or Gs+ Fwc+ Ff ±Fb+ Gb+ Fcf+ Fep
• Combination (II): (I) + W + Fwp or (I) + Feq + Fwp or (I ) + Fim+ Fwp
• Combination (III):G + Fwc+ Gb+ Fep+ Fer+ Ff + W or Feq
2
TILT OF WELL (FIGURES) SHIFT OF WELL (FIGURES)
Tilted well elevation Plan at Top Plan at bottom Shifted well elevation Plan at Top/Bottom
WELL FOUNDATION - DESIGN PROCEDURE

WELL FOUNDATION –HOW TO FIX SIZE
•Procedure for Stability Calculations Following parameters governs the design of well foundation :-
• The active and passive pressure co-efficient (Ka & KP respectively) shall be
calculated according to Coulomb's formula taking into account the wall
friction. For cohesive soils, the effect of 'c' may be added to the same as per • The type of superstructure configuration and load transfer mechanism
procedure given by Bell. • Bearing Capacity – Base Pressure to be within permissible limits of Bearing
• The factor of safety in assessing the allowable passive resistance shall be 2 capacity both in normal & seismic case under different load combination
for load combinations without wind or seismic forces and 1.6 for load • Minimum grip length –Minimum grip length shall be taken as one third of
combinations with wind or seismic forces maximum scour level. Therefor minimum depth of foundation should not be
• Pier wells & Abutment well founded in cohesive soils, the factor of safety as less than 1.33 times the deepest scour level below HFL
stipulated for the type of soil shall be applied on the net ultimate soil • The minimum dimensions of dredge-hole shall not be less than 3 m. In case
resistance, viz., (Pp - Pa) where Pp and Pa are total passive and active there is deep standing water, properly designed floating caissons is used
pressure respectively mobilized below the maximum scour level.
• Circular wells are most preferred because they are relatively strong, simple in
• Abutment wells in both cohesive and non-cohesive soils, the active pressure construction , easy in sinking. Circular wells are not suitable for wide roads
on soil above the maximum scour level (triangular variation of pressure) with wide substructures. Double D and rectangular types are commonly used
shall be separately evaluated and considered as load combined with the wells after circular wells.
other loads acting on the abutment and no factor of safety shall be taken for
the above components of active pressure. Effects of surcharge due to live
load should be restricted only upto the abutment portion.
3
COMPONENT OF WELL FOUNDATION -STEINING
WELL FOUNDATION –HOW TO FIX SIZE
• It is the wall of well & is built over a wedge shaped portion called well curb. The
In case of large well foundations having diameter more than steining is designed such that it can be sunk under it own weight. The thickness
should be sufficient so as to overcome skin friction developed during sinking by its
12 m following needs to be adopted :- own weight.
• Thickness of the steining should be such so that it is possible to sink the well
• Stress in steining shall be evaluated using 3-Dimensional Finite Element without excessive kentledge and without getting damaged during sinking.
Method (3D FEM).
• The steining should also be able to resist differential earth pressure developed
during sand blow or other conditions. Stresses at various levels of the steining
• Stiffening by compartments. Design of such stiffened wells shall call for should be within permissible limits under all conditions for loads that may be
supplemental design and construction specifications, transferred to the well.
• The minimum thickness of the well steining shall not be less than 500 mm and
satisfy the following relationship
• T win D-shaped well may be adopted
h = Kd / Sqrt L
h = minimum thickness of steining in m, d = external diameter of circular well of
dumb bell shaped well, L = depth of wells in metre below top of well cap or LWL
whichever is more, K = a constant, K = 0.03 for cement concrete well, K = 0.05
for brick well, & K = 0.039 Twin Double D well,
COMPONENT OF WELL FOUNDATION -STEINING COMPONENT OF WELL FOUNDATION -STEINING

• The minimum steining thickness may be varied from above formula under very • For plain concrete wells, vertical reinforcements (whether mild steel or
soft clay strata, hard clay stara & bouldary strata deformed bars) in the steining shall not be less than 0.12 percent of gross
• Specialized methods of sinking, such as, jack down method, are adopted then sectional area of the actual thickness provided. This shall be equally
the steining thickness may be adjusted according to design and construction distributed on both faces of the steining.
requirements. • The vertical reinforcements shall be tied up with hoop steel not less than 0.04
• When the depth of well below well cap is equal to or more than 30 m, the percent of the volume per unit length of the steining,
thickness of the steining of the well may be reduced above scour level in a • In case where the well steining is designed as a reinforced concrete element, it
slope of 1 horizontal to 3 vertical such that the reduced thickness of the shall be considered as a column section subjected to combined axial load and
steining should not be less than as mention in formula for the depth of well bending.
upto scour level with the reduced diameter.
• For RCC steining the amount of vertical reinforcement provided shall not be
• The stress in the reduced section of steining shall also be checked. The less than 0.2 percent (for either mild steel or deformed bars) of the actual
stresses in well steining shall be checked at such critical sections where tensile gross sectional area of the steining. On the inner face, a minimum of 0.06
and compressive stresses are likely to be maximum and also where there is percent (of gross area) steel shall be provided
change in the area of reinforcement or in the concrete mix.
4
COMPONENT OF WELL FOUNDATION
• Bottom Plug –
• The bottom plug is made bowled shape in order to have an arch action. The bottom
• Well Curb – plug transmits load to soil below. When sunk to its final depth bottom part is
• The well curb supports the steining. The curb should be slightly projected from the concreted to seal the bottom completely. The thickness varies from 1/6 to full inside
steining to reduce the skin friction during sinking of well. It is made of RCC with steel diameter of the well so as to be able to resist uplift forces.
cutting edge.
• The concreting should be done in one continuous operation. When wells contain more
• The minimum reinforcement to be provided is 72 kg per cubic meter. The internal than one dredge hole all should be plugged to the same height. If the well is to rest
angle of the curb should be kept at about 30° to 37° and may be increased or on rock, it should be anchored properly by taking it 25 cm to 30 cm deep into rock
decreased based on past experience and geotechnical data. The bottom plug should be of rich concrete (1:2:4) with extra 10 % of cement.
• Cutting Edge – • Sand Filling –
• The cutting edge is either projected below the curb as a sharp edge or can also have • After concreting the bottom plug the sand is filled above the bottom plug and below
flat bottom. The projected edge is likely to be damaged in strata of gravels and top plug. Sand filling provide stability of well, reduce tensile stress produced by
boulders. In such soils the flat bottom cutting edge is provided. bending moment and distributes the load of super structure on to the bottom plug.
Sand filling relieves load to steining to some extent
• The mild steel cutting edge shall be strong enough and not less than 40 kg/m to
facilitate sinking of the well through the types of strata expected to be encountered • Top /Intermediate Plug –
without suffering any damage. It shall be properly anchored to the with curb. For
sinking through rock, cutting edge should be suitably designed • This is a plug at the top of the well below the well cap. This helps transferring the
load through the granular material into the staining
• Well Cap –
• The well cap is a RCC slab of sufficient strength to transmit the forces from pier to the
body of well. The dimension of the well cap should be sufficient to accommodate the
PART-II
pier.
• The recommended minimum thickness is 1.0m.
WORKED OUT EXAMPLE
• The bottom of well cap shall be laid as low as possible but above the LWL in the
active channel. Where the bed level is higher than LWL the bottom of well cap may be
suitably raised.
• Well cap is designed as a plate supported at the boundary by steining and subjected
to vertical loads & moments through the substructure.The load is considered after 45
degree dispersion through the depth of the slab, upon the effective depth
5
LOADS
WORKED OUT EXAMPLE –PIER WELL
• Dead load (Due to self weight of superstructure, substructure, foundation
and soil weight)
• The superstructure consists of two spans of PSC girder and deck slab of overall span
32.57m. Total width of superstructure as 12.50m and carriageway width 9.50m
• Superimposed Dead Load (SIDL) excluding wearing course due to crash
• The bridge is straight in plan . Skew angle is 0 degree. barrier, footpath, wearing course and railing
• The substructure consists of RCC circular Pier on well foundation.
• Carriageway live load (Braking force, centrifugal force) –Depending upon

• Codes and Specifications
carriageway configuration
Following codes have been used in the design 1 lane of 70R Wheeled
IRC:06-2017 1 lane of Class A
IRC:112-2011 3 lane of Class A

1 lane of 70R Wheeled + 1 lane of Class A
IRC:78-2014
• Footpath Live Load (FPLL) (if footpath is present)
• Seismic force
• Water Current Force
• Wind load
LOADS COMBINATION FOR LIMIT STATE

DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
Following Limit States are considered
• Base Pressure Check
• Base pressure check is performed from load combinations of unfactored loads
A Ultimate Limit State (For verification of structural strength)
A-1 Basic Combination • Design of pier shaft
A-2 Seismic Combination
• Pier shaft is designed as rectangular column subjected to axial load and biaxial bending
• ULS and SLS strengths of section is checked using AdSec 8.2 (OASYS software).
B Serviceability Limit State • Basic and seismic combination is used for checking ULS strength. Rare combination is used for
B-1 Rare Combination (For checking stress limits) checking stress. Quasi-permanent combination is used for checking crack width.
B-2 Quasi-permanent Combination (For checking crack width in RCC structures)
• Design of Well Foundation
• ULS design is done using Combination 1 and Seismic Combination while stress is checked using
C Combination for Design of Foundation Combination 2.
C-1 Combination 1 • Crack width is controlled by adjusting bar diameter and spacing.
C-2 Combination 2
C-3 Seismic Combination
6
LOAD COMBINATION FOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH & SLS COMBINATION FOR DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
(Table B.4, Annex
(Table B.3, Annex B, IRC:6-2017)
B, IRC:6-2017)
(Table B.2, Annex B, IRC:6-2017)
For Loads
Serviceability Limit State
Load Comb 1 Comb 2 Seismic Comb
Quasi- Dead Load 1.35 1 1.35
Ultimate Limit State (For Verification of Structural Strength)
Load Rare Comb permanent SIDL (except surfacing) 1.35 1 1.35
Load Basic Comb Seismic Comb Comb SIDL (surfacing) 1.75 1 1.75
Dead Load 1.35 1.35 Dead Load 1 1 Backfill Earth Filling 1.35 1 1.35
SIDL (except surfacing) 1.35 1.35 SIDL (except surfacing) 1 1 Live load and associated loads (Leading) 1.5 1.3 0
SIDL (surfacing) 1.75 1.75 SIDL (surfacing) 1.2 1.2 Live load and associated loads (Accompanying) 1.15 1 0.2
Live load and associated loads
1.5 0 1 - Water Current 1 1 1
(Leading) Live load and associated loads (Leading)
Live load and associated loads Live load and associated loads
Buoyancy (Base Pressure) 1 1 1
1.15 0.2 0.75 0
(Accompanying) (Accompanying) Buoyancy (Structural Design) 0.15 0.15 0.15
Water Current 1 1 Water Current 1 - Hydrodynamic Effect - - 1
Buoyancy 0.15 1 Thermal load 0.9 0.8 0.5
Buoyancy 0.15 0.15
Hydrodynamic Effect - 1
Thermal Load (Leading) 1.0 - Wind (Leading) 1.5 1.3 -
Wind (Leading) 1.5 -
Wind (Accompanying) 0.9 0.8 0
Wind (Accompanying) 0.9 - Thermal Load (Accompanying) 0.6 0.5
- 1.5
Seismic Effect (During service) - - 1
Seismic Effect (During service) Wind (Leading) 1.0 -
Seismic Effect (During construction) - - 0.5
Seismic Effect (During Wind (Accompanying) 0.6 0
- 0.75
construction)
Note:- Base Pressure has been checked as per combinations given in IRC:78- For Materials
2014 Seismic
Material Basic Comb
Comb
Concrete 1.5 1.5
Reinforcing steel 1.15 1.15
Material Data
BASIC DESIGN DATA For Pier cap, pier and well cap
BASIC DESIGN DATA Grade of concrete

Design strength of concrete
fck
fcd
= M35
15.63MPa
Span and Cross section Data
C/C of expansion gap (Left Span) = 32.57 m (Sq.) Finished Road Level FRL = 214.500m
C/C of bearing (Left Span) = 31.25 m (Sq.) Bearing Level (Avg) BRL = 212.165m Modulus of Elasticity of steel Es = 2.0E+05MPa
Distance of bearing to expansion gap (Left span) = 0.64 m (Sq.) Pier Cap Top Level CTL = 211.765 Modulus of Elasticity of concrete Ec = 3.2E+04MPa
C/C of expansion gap (Right Span) = 32.57 m (Sq.) Well Cap top Level WCTL = 204.500m Mean tensile strength of concrete fctm = 2.8MPa
Well Cap bottom Level WCBL = 202.500m
C/C of bearing (Right Span) = 31.25 m (Sq.)
Lowest Bed Level LBL = 204.000m For well steining
Distance of bearing to expansion gap (Right span) = 0.64 m (Sq.) Grade of concrete fck = M30
Maximum Scour Level MSL = 190.450m
Carriageway width = 9.50 m Design strength of concrete fcd 13.40MPa
Soil Level = 190.450m
Total width = 12.50 m Modulus of Elasticity of steel Es = 2.0E+05MPa
Highest Flood Level HFL = 210.403m
No of longitudinal girders = 4 Modulus of Elasticity of concrete Ec = 3.1E+04MPa
Lowest Water Level LWL = 204.000m
C/c spacing of longitudinal girders = 3.00 m Mean tensile strength of concrete fctm = 2.5MPa
Zero Shear Level ZSL = 184.000m
Footpath Width (Left side) = 1.50 m
Founding Level
Footpath Width (Right side) = 0.00 m FL
(Actual) = 177.500 Grade of steel fyk = Fe500
Crash Barrier Width (Left side) = 0.50 m Founding Level
FL Design strength of
Crash Barrier Width (Right side) = 0.50 m (Design) = 177.500 steel fyd 434.8MPa
Handrail Width (Left side) = 0.50 m Density of concrete (RCC & PCC) conc_dens = 2.5t/m3
Handrail Width (Right side) = 0.50 m Density of wearing
Wearing Coat Thickness = 0.065 m Water Current Data course = 2.2t/m3
Depth of superstructure (Left Span) = 2.12 m Maxm mean velocity Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of concrete = 1.2E-05/oC
= 3.11m/s
Shrinkage strain for concrete = 2.0E-04
Depth of superstructure (Right Span) = 2.12 m Constant "K" for pier in transverse
CG of superstructure from bottom (Left Span) = 1.40 m dirn. = 0.66
CG of superstructure from bottom (Right Span) = 1.40 m (Cl. 210.2, Soil Data
Constant "K" for pier in longitudinal IRC:6- Coefficient of Friction = 0.5
Height of crash barrier = 1.00 m dirn. = 0.66 2017) Density of sand fill in
t/m3
Bearing thickness (Max) = 0.15 m % of Uplift Considered = 100%
well = 2.0
Height of pedestal = 0.25 m (Min.)
3
Expansion joint = 0.04 m Density of soil = 2.0t/m
Skew Angle = 0.00 o 0.000 radians Submerged Density of
t/m3
soil = 1.0
Super elevation/camber = 2.00%
Medium
Distance of FRL from pedestal of least height = 7.50 Type of founding strata
= Soil
PSC Girder Net safe bearing capacity at founding level = 100t/m
2
Type of superstructure = and Deck Medium

Type of soil = Soil
7
BASIC DESIGN DATA BASIC DESIGN DATA
Load Data
Dead Load
Left Span One Span Loaded
Total weight of superstructure = 1100t 1 Lane 70R-Wheeled
Right Span Load in left span = 0t
Total weight of superstructure = 1100t Length of Load in left span = 13.4m
CG of load in left span = 5.12m
SIDL Load in right span = 200t
Load intensity due to wearing course = 0.286t/m2 Length of Load in right span = 13.4m
Self weight of crash barrier = 1.5t/m CG of load in left span = 5.12m
Self weight of railing = 0.6t/m
Transverse eccentricity of wearing course = 0m 1 Lane Class A
Transverse eccentricity of crash barrier = 0m Load in left span = 0t
Transverse eccentricity of railing = 0m Length of Load in left span = 18.8m
Transverse eccentricity of footpath = 0m
Load in right span = 110.8t
FPLL Length of Load in right span = 18.8m
Maximum intensity of footpath live load = 500kg/m2 CG of load in left span = 9.09m
Live Load % Reduction = 100%

Both Span Loaded Fraction of live load remaining in seismic case = 0.2
1 Lane 70R-Wheeled Factor by which seismic force should be increased for fdn design 1.25
Load in left span = 102t
Length of Load in left span = 4.844m
Wind Load Data
Fig. 6,
Load in right span = 98t
IRC:6-
Length of Load in right span = 8.556m
CG of load in right span = 3.61m Basic Wind Speed = 50m/s 2017
Type of terrain = Plain terrain
1 Lane Class A Refer Cl.
Load in left span = 56.4t 209.3.3 to
Length of Load in left span = 5.67m 209.3.5,
CG of load in left span = 1.6m Parameters for wind force on superstructure (except truss) IRC:6-2017
Load in right span = 54.4t For DL+SIDL For LL
Length of Load in right span = 13.13m 2.0 2.0
Gust Factor, G
CG of load in right span = 8.63m
Drag Coeficient, CD 2.05 1.2
Lift Coeficient, CL 0.75 -
BASIC DESIGN DATA LOAD CALCULATION FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE

Type of RCC circular pier with Pier Foundation Data
Substructure = Cap Well
Transverse eccentricity of substructure
0.0
Type of foundation foundation
with = m Total No. Of circular
1 Dead Load of Superstructure SIDL (crash barrier, railing, footpath) - excluding wearing course
footing/cap c/l wells =
Dia of well cap = 7.3m Left Span Left Span
Pedestal 7.3m
External dia of well = Crash barrier
Length = 1.00m
Thickness of well cap = 2.00m Total weight of superstructure (left
Width = 1.00m weight = 97.71t
Height = 0.25m Thickness of steining required = 1.138m span) = 1100t
Nos. = 5 Thickness of steining = 1.15m Railing weight = 39.084t
Reaction from left span = 550t
Thickness of top plug = 0.00m Footpath/services weight = 0t
Seismic Stopper Thickness of intermediate plug = 0.00m
Longitudinal Right Span
Thickness of bottom plug (top cylindrical
Length = 0.5m 0.30 Right Span
portion) = m
Width = 1.0m Crash barrier
Height = 0.6m Thickness of bottom plug (bottom conical
1.90 Total weight of superstructure (Right weight = 97.71t
Nos. = 4 portion) = m
Height of well curb = 2.20m span) = 1100t Railing weight = 39.084t
Transverse
Length = 0.8m Projection of well curb from outer face of Reaction from right span = 550t
Width = 0.8m 0.075 Footpath/services weight = 0t
steining = m
Height = 0.4m Thickness of well curb at bottom = 0.150m Total reaction on pier (SIDL excluding
Nos. = 8
Depth of Bottom Plug above Well w/c) = 136.794t
0.300 Total reaction on
Pier Cap Curb top = m
Rectangular Part Grip length of well = 12.95m pier = 1100t
Length (T-T) = 19.60m Height of water fill = 22.5m SIDL (wearing course)
Length (L-L) = 3.2m Height of sand fill = 0m Longitudinal
Height = 1.00m moment = 0t-m Load intensity due to wearing course = 0.286t/m2
Clear Cover
Trapezoidal Part Left Span
Length (T-T) = 7.0m Pier Cap = 50.0mm
Transverse eccentricity of DL from c/l of pier = 0m
Length (L-L) = 3.2m Pier Shaft = 50.0mm DL of wearing
Height = 1.00m
Well Cap = 75.0mm Transverse course = 102.4652t
Pier Shaft Well steining = 75.0mm Moment = 0t-m
Dia of pier shaft = 1.8m Well curb = 75.0mm Right Span
Other Data DL of wearing

Condition of Exposure = Moderate Seismic Zone = IV course = 102.4652t
Importance Factor = 1.2
Response Reduction Factor for Substructure = 4 Total reaction on pier (SIDL
w/c) = 102.4652t
8
SUMMARY OF LOADS FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE LOAD CALCULATION FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE
Summary of Loads from Superstructure
SEISMIC COEFFICIENT CALCULATION
Bearing level, top & bottom
of well cap, zero shear point The bridge is in Seismic Zone IV
& Founding level
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Type of Soil Medium Soil
Load Item
t t t-m t-m t-m t-m
Ah (long.) Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.090
DL 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (Z/2)*(Sa/g)*I/R say 0.090
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ah (trans.) Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.090
(Z/2)*(Sa/g)*I/R say 0.090
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Av Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.06
One Span dislodged condition 2/3*Ah
Dead Load of Superstructure
Zone factor "Z" = 0.24
Vertical load on pier = 550t
Longitudinal Moment = 352.0t-m
Transverse Moment = 0t Importance factor "I" = 1.20
SIDL (crash barrier, railing, footpath) - excluding wearing course Response Reduction Factor "R" (Longitudinal Direction) = 4
Response Reduction Factor "R" (Transverse Direction) = 4
Vertical load on pier = 68.397t
Average response acceleration coefficient Sa/g = 2.50
Transverse Moment = 0.00t (Long. Direction)
SIDL (wearing course)
Vertical load on pier = 51.2t Average response acceleration coefficient Sa/g = 2.50
(Trans. Direction)
Transverse Moment = 0.0t
LOAD CALCULATION FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE-SEISMIC LIVE LOAD CALCULATION (NORMAL CASE)

COEFFICIENT CALCULATION Both Span Loaded
Summary
Both Span Loaded
Grade of Concrete for Pier = M35 Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
1 lane 70R-Wheeled Load Case
t t t-m t-m t t
1 lane 70R-W 183.4 183.4 1.0 679.2 20.4 0.0
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete = 32000.00 Mpa 1 lane Class A 1 lane Class A 95.3 95.3 7.5 414.4 11.3 0.0
2 lane Class A 190.6 190.6 19.7 495.7 11.3 0.0
= 3.20E+06 t/m^2 2 lane Class A
One Span Loaded
Appropriate Dead Load of the Superstructure DL = 13138.13 kN
1 lane 70R-W + 1 lane Class A Load Case
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t
One Span Loaded 1 lane 70R-W 175.9 175.9 112.6 651.3 40.0 0.0
Total Live load on Pier LL = 1870.22 kN 1 lane Class A 83.4 83.4 53.4 362.7 22.2 0.0
2 lane Class A 164.4 164.4 105.2 427.3 22.2 0.0
1 lane Class A
Total mass in long. Direction = 13138.13 kN Final summary
Normal Case
2 lane Class A Bearing level
Total mass in trans. Direction (DL+0.2LL) = 13512.2 kN
t t t-m t-m t t
Longitudinal Force in KN required for 1mm deflection at level of bearing = 243.9 from staad analysis LL1 190.6 190.6 19.7 495.7 11.3 0.0
LL1 Maximum Reaction case LL2 175.9 175.9 112.6 651.3 40.0 0.0
Transverse Force in KN required for 1mm deflection at level of bearing = 1111.1 from staad analysis LL3 91.7 91.7 1.0 679.2 20.4 0.0
LL2 Maximum Longitudinal Moment Case
LL3 Maximum Transverse Moment Case Pier bottom
Fundamental Time Period 2*(D/1000F)0.5 (Long. Direction) = 0.46 sec level
t t t-m t-m t t
Fundamental Time Period 2*(D/1000F)0.5 (Trans. Direction) = 0.22 sec LL1 190.6 190.6 106.1 495.7 11.3 0.0
LL2 175.9 175.9 419.2 651.3 40.0 0.0
LL3 91.7 91.7 157.4 679.2 20.4 0.0
9
LIVE LOAD CALCULATIONS -SEISMIC
LIVE LOAD CALCULATION (NORMAL CASE)
Cap bottom level
Seismic Case
t t t-m t-m t t
LL1 190.6 190.6 128.7 495.7 11.3 0.0
LL2 175.9 175.9 499.2 651.3 40.0 0.0 For seismic case, total horizontal force due to braking, Fh will be transferred to fixed bearing in case of POT-PTFE
LL3 91.7 91.7 198.2 679.2 20.4 0.0 bearing and Fh/2 will be transferred in case of elastomeric bearing.
Max scour level
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Fraction of Live Load Remaining on span in seismic case = 0.2
t t t-m t-m t t
LL1 190.6 190.6 264.6 495.7 11.3 0.0 Bearing level
LL2 175.9 175.9 981.2 651.3 40.0 0.0
LL3 91.7 91.7 444.0 679.2 20.4 0.0 Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t
Point of zero Shear LL1 38.1 38.1 3.9 99.1 2.3 0.0
LL2 35.2 35.2 22.5 130.3 8.0 0.0
t t t-m t-m t t
LL1 190.6 190.6 337.4 495.7 11.3 0.0 LL3 18.3 18.3 0.2 135.8 4.1 0.0
LL2 175.9 175.9 1239.2 651.3 40.0 0.0
LL3 91.7 91.7 575.6 679.2 20.4 0.0 Pier bottom level
Founding level
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t LL1 38.1 38.1 21.2 99.1 2.3 0.0
LL1 190.6 190.6 410.7 495.7 11.3 0.0 LL2 35.2 35.2 83.8 130.3 8.0 0.0
LL2 175.9 175.9 1499.2 651.3 40.0 0.0
LL3 18.3 18.3 31.5 135.8 4.1 0.0
LL3 91.7 91.7 708.2 679.2 20.4 0.0
LOAD CALCULATION (SEISMIC CASE)

LIVE LOAD CALCULATIONS -SEISMIC
Following live load cases are considered
1 lane 70R-Wheeled
Cap bottom level
1 Lane Class A
2 Lane Class A
t t t-m t-m t t
LL1 38.1 38.1 25.7 99.1 2.3 0.0
Reaction from DL of superstr. (left span) = 550t RL = 213.71
LL2 35.2 35.2 99.8 130.3 8.0 0.0
Reaction from SIDL (left span) = 119.6296t RL = 214.66
LL3 18.3 18.3 39.6 135.8 4.1 0.0
Reaction from DL of superstr. (right span) = 550t RL = 213.56
Reaction from SIDL (right span) = 119.6296t RL = 214.66
Point of zero Shear

Horizontal seismic coefficient (long.) ahl = 0.090
Horizontal seismic coefficient (trans.) aht = 0.090
t t t-m t-m t t
LL1 38.1 38.1 67.5 99.1 2.3 0.0 Vertical seismic coefficient av = 0.060
LL2 35.2 35.2 247.8 130.3 8.0 0.0

LL3 18.3 18.3 115.1 135.8 4.1 0.0 r1 = Full seismic force in longitudinal direction = Ahl*(DL+SIDL)
r2 = Full seismic force in transverse direction = Aht*(DL+SIDL+Appropriate LL)
Founding level r3 = Full seismic force in vertical direction = Av*(DL+SIDL+Appropriate LL)
t t t-m t-m t t Both Span Loaded One Span Loaded
LL1 38.1 38.1 82.1 99.1 2.3 0.0 1 lane 70R-Wheeled
LL2 35.2 35.2 299.8 130.3 8.0 0.0 1 lane Class A
LL3 18.3 18.3 141.6 135.8 4.1 0.0 1 lane Class A
2 lane Class A
2 lane Class A
1 lane 70R-W + 1 lane Class A
10
CALCULATION OF FORCES DUE TO FOOTPATH LIVE LOAD CALCULATION OF FORCES DUE TO WATER CURRENT (HFL
CASE)
Maximum intensity of FPLL P' = 500kg/m2
Max. Mean velocity of current = 3.11m/s
Effective Span (Left Span) L = 31.25m
Constant "K" for rectangular pier cap = 1.5
Effective Span (Right Span) L = 31.25m Constant "K" for circular pier in transverse dirn. = 0.66
Width of footpath (Left side) W = 1.5m Constant "K" for circular pier in longitudinal dirn. = 0.66
Width of footpath (Right side) W = 0m Constant "K" for circular cap = 0.66
(Cl. 210.2, IRC:6-
2014)
HFL = 210.403m
Intensity of FPLL (Left side) Pier Top Level = 209.77
P = (P'-260+4800/L)(16.5-W)/15
= 393.6kg/m2 Pier Bottom Level = 204.5m
Maximum Scour
= 0.79t/m2 Level = 190.450m
Founding level = 177.500m
Scour Depth below
Intensity of FPLL (Right side) HFL = 19.953m
P = (P'-260+4800/L)(16.5-W)/15
= 0.0kg/m2 Maximum intensity of pressure for rectangular
= 0.00t/m2 section – 52x1.5x2x Sq root 3.11 = 52KV2
= 1508.8kg/m2
= 1.51t/m2
FPLL1 Maximum Reaction case
Maximum intensity of pressure for circular section = 52KV2
FPLL2 Maximum Longitudinal Moment Case
= 663.9kg/m2
FPLL3 Maximum Transverse Moment Case
= 0.66t/m2
CALCULATION OF FORCES DUE TO WATER CURRENT (HFL CASE) CALCULATION OF FORCES DUE TO WATER CURRENT (HFL CASE)
Water Current in Transverse Direction Force on well Summary of Force Due to Water Current (At Well Cap Bottom Level)
Force on pier Cap: Force on well in transverse direction = 21.2t Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Item
Submerged height of pier cap = 0.638m acting at RL = 199.817m t t t-m t-m t t
Force on well cap
Intensity of pressure at pier cap bottom level = 1.461t/m2 Transverse moment due to force on well at founding level = 472.4t-m Water Current
Force on well cap in transverse o 0.0 0.0 0.0 86.5 0.0 19.9
Length of pier cap = 3.21m direction = 6.3t Transverse moment due to force on well at scour level = 198.3t-m (0 )
Force on pier in transverse direction = 3.0t acting at RL = 203.526m Water Current
Force on well in longitudinal direction = 2.8t 0.0 0.0 13.1 71.4 6.7 12.7
acting at RL = 210.086m (20o)
Transverse moment due to force on pier cap at Water Current in 20o from Transverse Direction acting at RL = 199.817m
pier bottom = 17.0t-m Force on pier cap Longitudinal moment due to force on well at founding Summary of Force Due to Water Current (At Point of zero Shear)
Force on pier cap in transverse level = 62.6t-m
direction-3xsqcos20 = 2.7t Longitudinal moment due to force on well at scour level = 26.3t-m Load Item
t t t-m t-m t t
Force on pier: acting at RL = 210.086m Water Current
Submerged height of pier = 5.26m Transverse moment due to force on pier at pier 0.0 0.0 0.0 710.0 0.0 37.5
Force on well cap (0o)
Intensity of pressure at pier top level = 0.643t/m1 bottom = 15.0t-m Force on well cap in transverse direction = 5.6t
Area of pier cap in longitudinal Water Current
Intensity of pressure at pier bottom acting at RL = 203.526m 0.0 0.0 73.1 627.0 4.0 33.1
direction = 7.030m2 (20o)
level = 0.467t/m2
Diameter of circular Force on pier in longitudinal direction = 0.5t
Force on well cap in longitudinal direction = 0.7t Summary of Force Due to Water Current (At Foundation Level)
pier = 3.6m acting at RL = 210.086m
acting at RL = 203.526m Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Force on pier in transverse direction = 10.5t Longitudinal moment due to force on pier at pier Load Item
t t t-m t-m t t
acting at RL = 207.909m bottom = 3.0t-m
Water Current
Transverse moment due to force on pier at pier Force on pier Summary of Force Due to Water Current (At Pier Bottom) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
(0o)
bottom = 35.9t-m Force on pier in transverse direction = 9.3t Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Item Water Current
acting at RL = 207.909m t t t-m t-m t t 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Force on well: Water Current (20o)
Transverse moment due to force on pier at pier 0 0 0 52.8 0 13.6
External dia of well = 7.3m (0o)
bottom = 31.7t-m Summary of Force Due to Water Current (At Maximum Scour Level)
Submerged height of well = 14.050m
Water Current Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Force on well in transverse direction = 24.0t Dia of circular pier = 1.8m 0 0 5.1 46.7 1.2 12.0 Load Item
(20o) t t t-m t-m t t
acting at RL = 199.817m Force on pier in longitudinal direction = 0.6t
Transverse moment due to force on well at acting at RL = 207.909m Water Current
0.0 0.0 0.0 467.9 0.0 37.5
founding level = 535.0t-m Longitudinal moment due to force on pier at pier (0o)
Transverse moment due to force on well at scour bottom = 2.1t-m Water Current
0.0 0.0 83.9 413.2 4.0 33.1
level = 224.6t-m (20o)
11
CALCULATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE CALCULATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE
Above Well cap Top Level Well cap Bottom to Founding level
Well cap Top to Wall cap bottom level Summary of Hydrodynamic Force Due to Water Current
Equivalent Radius of enveloping Equivalent Radius of enveloping
cylinder R1=1.8/2 = 0.900m Equivalent Radius of enveloping cylinder R2 = 3.650m Pier bottom level
cylinder R2 = 3.650m
Height of submerged portion of pier H1=HFL- Height of submerged portion of well H2 = 2.000m Longitudinal Seismic
and pier cap Pier top = 5.903m Height of submerged portion of well H3 = 14.050m Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
H2/R2 = 0.548 Load Item
H1/R1 = 6.559 H3/R2 = 3.849 t t t-m t-m t t
Ce = 0.730 Ce = 0.390 Ce = 0.722 Hydrodynamic
0 0 0.4 0.12 0.18 0.05
We- Weight of water in enveloping cylinder We = 588.0t Force
Weight of water in enveloping cylinder We = 83.7t
PiXSqroot0.9
Weight of water in enveloping cylinder (HFL-WCTL) = 15.0t
Longitudinal Seismic Case Transverse Seismic
Longitudinal Seismic Case
Longitudinal Seismic Case Seismic Coefficient (Long. Direction) Ahl = 0.090 Load Item
Seismic Coefficient (Long. Direction) Ahl = 0.090 t t t-m t-m t t
Seismic Coefficient (Long. Direction) Ahl = 0.090
Hydrodynamic force in longitudinal Hydrodynamic
0 0 0.12 0.38 0.05 0.18
Hydrodynamic force in longitudinal direction F = Ce*Ahl*We direction F = (1-C3)*Ce*Ahl*We Force
Total submerged height (H) HFL-MSL = 19.953m
C1 H1/H = 0.2958 = 2.94t = 31.31t
C3 = 0.1802 Vertical Seismic
Vert. Distance of point of action of force from Well Cap Vert. Distance of point of action of force from MSL = 0.5H3
bottom = 0.5H2 = 7.03m Load Item
Hydrodynamic force in longitudinal Moment at t t t-m t-m t t
= 1.00m Hydrodynamic
direction F = C3*Ce*Ahl*We MSL ML = 220.0t-m 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
= 0.18t Moment at Well cap Bottom ML = 2.9t-m Force
Vert. Distance of point of action of force from MSL = 0.813H Transverse Seismic Case
= 16.21m Transverse Seismic Case Cap bottom level
Seismic Coefficient (Trans. Direction) Aht = 0.090
Moment at Pier bottom Level ML = 0.4t-m Seismic Coefficient (Trans. Direction) Aht = 0.090 Longitudinal Seismic
Hydrodynamic force in transverse Load Item
Transverse Seismic Case t t t-m t-m t t
direction F = (1-C3)*Ce*Ahl*We
Seismic Coefficient (Trans. Direction) Aht = 0.090 Hydrodynamic force in transverse direction F = Ce*Aht*We Hydrodynamic
= 31.31t 0.0 0.0 3.7 1.1 3.1 0.9
= 2.94t Force
Hydrodynamic force in transverse Vert. Distance of point of action of force from MSL = 0.5H3
Vert. Distance of point of action of force from Well Cap
direction F = C3*Ce*Aht*We = 7.03m
bottom = 0.4286H
= 0.18t Moment at
= 1.00m MSL MT = 220.0t-m
Vert. Distance of point of action of force from MSL = 0.813H
Moment at Well cap Bottom MT = 2.9t-m
= 16.21m
Moment at Pier bottom Level MT = 0.4t-m
CALCULATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE
Cap bottom level Founding level

CALCULATION OF WEIGHT OF WELL
Transverse Seismic Longitudinal Seismic
Load Item
Load Item
Pmax Pmin MT HL HT Calculation of buoyancy on well
t t t-m t-m t t t t t-m t t Weight of well cap
Hydrodynamic
0.0 0.0 1.1 3.7 0.9 3.1 Hydrodynamic
0.0 0.0 236.5 39.4 11.8 HFL CASE
Force Force Weight of top plug
Vertical Seismic LWL case No scour
Transverse Seismic Weight of steining
Load Item Pmax Pmin MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t Load Item
Hydrodynamic t t t-m t t Weight of water fill HFL case with scour
0.0 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.9 Hydrodynamic
Force 0.0 0.0 788.3 11.8 39.4
Force Weight of intermediate plug
Zero Shear level
Longitudinal Seismic Vertical Seismic
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Pmax Pmin MT HL HT
Weight of sand fill
Load Item Load Item
t t t-m t-m t t t t t-m t t
Hydrodynamic
0.0 0.0 532.5 159.7 39.4 11.8 Hydrodynamic Weight of bottom plug
Force 0.0 0.0 236.5 11.8 11.8
Force
Transverse Seismic Weight of well curb
Load Item
t t t-m t-m t t Weight of soil on curb projection
Hydrodynamic
0.0 0.0 159.7 532.5 11.8 39.4
Force
Normal case
Vertical Seismic
Load Item
t t t-m t-m t t
Hydrodynamic
0.0 0.0 159.7 159.7 11.8 11.8
Force
12
FOUNDING LEVEL-LWL- NORMAL CASE FOUNDING LEVEL-LWL- NORMAL CASE
Maximum Reaction Maximum Transverse Moment case

case Maximum Longitudinal
Moment case unfactored Forces
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
unfactored Forces
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT t t t-m t-m t t
Unfactored Forces t t t-m t-m t t DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
t t t-m t-m t t
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LL3 91.7 91.7 708.2 679.2 20.4 0.0
LL2 175.9 175.9 1499.2 651.3 40.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL1 190.6 190.6 410.7 495.7 11.3 0.0 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 1578.6 0.0 45.5 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 1578.6 0.0 45.5 0.0
FPLL1 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Substructure Weight 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substructure Weight 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 1578.6 0.0 45.5 0.0
Substructure Weight 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wind load 67.4 -67.4 274.8 1212.5 7.9 33.0 Wind load 67.4 -67.4 274.8 1212.5 7.9 33.0
Wind load 67.4 -67.4 274.8 1212.5 7.9 33.0
Bouyancy -1129.7 -1129.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Bouyancy -1129.7 -1129.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bouyancy -1129.7 -1129.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total for unfactored loads 3305.2 3170.4 2264.2 1708.2 64.7 33.0 Total for unfactored loads 3290.5 3155.7 3352.6 1863.9 93.5 33.0
Total for unfactored loads 3206.3 3071.5 2561.6 1891.7 73.9 33.0
FOUNDING LEVEL-HFL- NORMAL CASE

FOUNDING LEVEL-HFL- NORMAL CASE
Maximum Longitudinal Moment Maximum Transverse Moment case
case
unfactored Forces
unfactored Forces Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LL3 91.7 91.7 708.2 679.2 20.4 0.0
LL2 175.9 175.9 1499.2 651.3 40.0 0.0
FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 1578.6 0.0 45.5 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 1578.6 0.0 45.5 0.0
Substructure Weight upto well
Substructure Weight upto well 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 cap top level
cap top level
Buoyancy on substr upto well
Buoyancy on substr upto well -30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 cap top level
cap top level
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wind load 61.4 -61.4 333.3 1634.1 9.6 48.1
Wind load 61.4 -61.4 333.3 1634.1 9.6 48.1
o
Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5 Water Current (0 ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1 Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Total for unfactored loads Total for unfactored loads
o
WC (0o) 3233.5 3110.8 3411.1 3239.5 95.2 85.6 WC (0 ) 3149.3 3026.6 2620.1 3267.3 75.6 85.6
WC (20o) 3233.5 3110.8 3509.9 3127.9 99.1 81.3 WC (20o) 3149.3 3026.6 2718.9 3155.7 79.5 81.3
13
FOUNDING LEVEL ONE SPAN DISLODGED
FOUNDING LEVEL SUMMARY OF LOAD CASES -NORMAL
HFL LWL WITHOUT
One Span Dislodged SCOUR
Condition Unfactored Forces
Both Spans Present
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Condition
LWL WITHOUT SCOUR
t t t-m t-m t t Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Case No.
unfactored Forces t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT N1 3305.2 3170.4 2264.2 1708.2 64.7 33.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 68.4 68.4 43.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 N2 3290.5 3155.7 3352.6 1863.9 93.5 33.0
t t t-m t-m t t N3 3206.3 3071.5 2561.6 1891.7 73.9 33.0
SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 One Span Dislodged
DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Condition
SIDL (excluding w/c) 68.4 68.4 43.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substructure Weight upto well Load Case No.
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 t t t-m t-m t t
cap top level N4 2334.4 2267.0 566.0 626.5 4.0 17.2
SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buoyancy on substr upto well
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 cap top level
HFL
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Both Spans Present
Substructure Weight 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Condition
Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 WC Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Case No.
Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 direction t t t-m t-m t t
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 N5 WC (0o) 3248.3 3125.5 2322.6 3083.8 66.4 85.6
Wind load 20.5 -20.5 166.6 923.5 4.8 28.9 N6 WC (20o) 3248.3 3125.5 2421.4 2972.2 70.4 81.3
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 N7 WC (0o) 3233.5 3110.8 3411.1 3239.5 95.2 85.6
Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5 N8 WC (20o) 3233.5 3110.8 3509.9 3127.9 99.1 81.3
Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1 N9 WC (0o) 3149.3 3026.6 2620.1 3267.3 75.6 85.6
Wind load 33.7 -33.7 137.4 626.5 4.0 17.2 N10 WC (20o) 3149.3 3026.6 2718.9 3155.7 79.5 81.3
Total for unfactored loads
Bouyancy -1129.7 -1129.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
WC (0o) 2270.1 2229.2 595.2 1877.5 4.8 66.4 WC Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Case No.
direction t t t-m t-m t t
Total for unfactored loads 2334.4 2267.0 566.0 626.5 4.0 17.2 WC (20o) 2270.1 2229.2 694.0 1765.9 8.8 62.0
N11 WC (0o) 2270.1 2229.2 595.2 1877.5 4.8 66.4
N12 WC (20o) 2270.1 2229.2 694.0 1765.9 8.8 62.0
FOUNDING LEVEL – LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC CASE -LWL

FOUNDING LEVEL – LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC CASE -LWL
Seismic Case
Founding Level
Maximum Longitudinal Moment case
Both Spans present
unfactored Forces
LWL WITHOUT SCOUR
Longitudinal Seismic Case
t t t-m t-m t t
Maximum Reaction case
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
unfactored Forces
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
t t t-m t-m t t
LL2 7.0 7.0 60.0 26.1 1.6 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Superstr. 30.4 -30.4 5224.9 1658.1 150.7 45.6
LL1 7.6 7.6 16.4 19.8 0.5 0.0
Substructure Weight upto well cap
FPLL1 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
top level
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well
7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5
Seismic forces on Superstr. 30.4 -30.4 5224.9 1658.1 150.7 45.6 cap top level
Substructure Weight upto well cap Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
top level
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well
7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5
cap top level Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 235.4 70.6 9.1 2.7
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1
Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 235.4 70.6 9.1 2.7 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 Total for unfactored loads 3073.2 2993.4 6586.4 2074.6 200.0 59.9
Buoyancy on well -1129.7 -1129.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
14
FOUNDING LEVEL – LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC CASE -LWL FOUNDING LEVEL – LWL-TRANSVERSE SEISMIC CASE
Maximum Transverse Moment case
Maximum Reaction case
unfactored Forces
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT unfactored Forces
L+B74:B83oad Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL3 3.7 3.7 28.3 27.2 0.8 0.0
LL1 7.6 7.6 16.4 19.8 0.5 0.0
FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FPLL1 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Substructure Weight upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Substructure Weight upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well cap top
7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5
level
Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well cap top level 7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 235.4 70.6 9.1 2.7 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 70.6 235.4 2.7 9.1
Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2
Total for unfactored loads 3069.8 2990.1 6554.8 2075.7 199.2 59.9 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FOUNDING LEVEL – LWL-TRANSVERSE SEISMIC CASE FOUNDING LEVEL – LWL-TRANSVERSE SEISMIC CASE
Maximum Longitudinal Moment case Maximum Transverse Moment case
unfactored Forces unfactored Forces
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL2 7.0 7.0 60.0 26.1 1.6 0.0 LL3 3.7 3.7 28.3 27.2 0.8 0.0
FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Superstr. 30.4 -30.4 1567.0 5517.6 45.2 151.8 Seismic forces on Superstr. 30.4 -30.4 1566.8 5522.2 45.2 151.9
Substructure Weight upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substructure Weight upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well cap top level 7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5 Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well cap top level 7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5
Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 70.6 235.4 2.7 9.1 Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 70.6 235.4 2.7 9.1
Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2
Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total for unfactored loads 3073.2 2993.4 2017.4 6845.2 61.1 199.5 Total for unfactored loads 3069.8 2990.1 1985.6 6850.9 60.3 199.6
15
FOUNDING LEVEL – VERTICAL SEISMIC CASE-LWL FOUNDING LEVEL – VERTICAL SEISMIC CASE-LWL
Maximum Reaction case Maximum Longitudinal Moment Maximum Transverse Moment case
case unfactored Forces
unfactored Forces
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT unfactored Forces Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL1 7.6 7.6 16.4 19.8 0.5 0.0 LL3 3.7 3.7 28.3 27.2 0.8 0.0
LL2 7.0 7.0 60.0 26.1 1.6 0.0
FPLL1 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Seismic forces on Superstr. 101.3 -101.3 1566.9 1662.8 45.2 45.6
101.3 -101.3 1566.9 1662.8 45.2 45.6 Seismic forces on
Superstr. 101.2 -101.2 1567.3 1655.2 45.2 45.5
Superstr. Substructure Weight upto well cap
Substructure Weight upto 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substructure Weight top level
well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
upto well cap top level Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well
Seismic forces on Substr. 25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5
25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5 Seismic forces on Substr. cap top level
Upto well cap top level 25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5
Upto well cap top level Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of soil on well Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
cap
Seismic forces on well 6.0 -6.0 70.6 70.6 2.7 2.7
Seismic forces on well 6.0 -6.0 70.6 70.6 2.7 2.7 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hydrodynamic force on Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Seismic forces on well 6.0 -6.0 70.6 70.6 2.7 2.7
pier Hydrodynamic force on Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
- - 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 pier Total for unfactored loads 3162.9 2897.0 1985.6 2080.5 60.3 59.9
1150.7 1150.7 - -
Total for unfactored loads 3166.9 2900.9 1973.7 2073.1 60.0 59.9 Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1150.7 1150.7
Total for unfactored
3166.2 2900.4 2017.8 2071.8 61.1 59.9
loads
FOUNDING LEVEL – HFL -LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC CASE FOUNDING LEVEL – HFL -LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC CASE
Maximum Reaction case Maximum Longitudinal Moment unfactored Forces
unfactored Forces case Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT unfactored Forces t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 t t t-m t-m t t SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LL3 3.7 3.7 28.3 27.2 0.8 0.0
LL1 7.6 7.6 16.4 19.8 0.5 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FPLL1 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LL2 7.0 7.0 60.0 26.1 1.6 0.0 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seismic forces on Superstr. 30.4 -30.4 5224.9 1658.1 150.7 45.6
Seismic forces on
30.4 -30.4 5224.9 1658.1 150.7 45.6 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substructure Weight upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Superstr.
Seismic forces on
Substructure Weight upto 30.4 -30.4 5224.9 1658.1 150.7 45.6 Hydrodynamic Force on Substr. 0.0 0.0 788.3 236.5 39.4 11.8
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Superstr.
well cap top level
Substructure Weight upto Buoyancy on substr upto well cap top -30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hydrodynamic Force on 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 788.3 236.5 39.4 11.8 well cap top level
Substr.
Hydrodynamic Force on Seismic forces on Substr. upto well cap top 7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5
Buoyancy on substr upto 0.0 0.0 788.3 236.5 39.4 11.8
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substr.
well cap top Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Buoyancy on substr upto
Seismic forces on Substr. -30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5 well cap top Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
upto well cap top
Seismic forces on Substr.
7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 upto well cap top
- - Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1150.7 1150.7 Buoyancy on well -1150.7-1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Seismic forces on well 28.0 -28.0
2920.4 876.1 139.8 41.9 Total for unfactored loads
Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0
0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5 WC (0o) 3065.9 2933.9 10027.7 4071.6 369.1 148.4
Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0
98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Total for unfactored loads Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1 WC (20o) 3065.9 2933.9 10126.5 3960.0 373.1 144.0
o
WC (0 ) 3069.9 2937.8 10015.8 4064.3 368.8 148.4 Total for unfactored loads
o o
WC (20 ) 3069.9 2937.8 10114.6 3952.7 372.7 144.0 WC (0 ) 3069.3 2937.2 10059.3 4070.5 369.9 148.4
WC (20o) 3069.3 2937.2 10158.1 3958.9 373.9 144.0
16
FOUNDING LEVEL – HFL -TRANSVERSE SEISMIC CASE FOUNDING LEVEL – HFL -TRANSVERSE SEISMIC CASE
Maximum Longitudinal Moment case
Maximum Reaction case unfactored Forces
unfactored Forces
unfactored Forces Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LL2 7.0 7.0 60.0 26.1 1.6 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL1 7.6 7.6 16.4 19.8 0.5 0.0 FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LL3 3.7 3.7 28.3 27.2 0.8 0.0
FPLL1 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seismic forces on Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
30.4 -30.4 1567.0 5517.6 45.2 151.8
Seismic forces on Superstr. Seismic forces on Superstr. 30.4 -30.4 1566.8 5522.2 45.2 151.9
30.4 -30.4 1566.8 5522.2 45.2 151.9 Substructure Weight
Superstr. 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substructure Weight upto well cap
Substructure Weight upto upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Hydrodynamic Force on
top level
well cap top level 0.0 0.0 236.5 788.3 11.8 39.4 Hydrodynamic Force on Substr. 0.0 0.0 236.5 788.3 11.8 39.4
Hydrodynamic Force on Substr.
0.0 0.0 236.5 788.3 11.8 39.4 Buoyancy on substr upto Buoyancy on substr upto well cap
Substr. -30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Buoyancy on substr upto well cap top top
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seismic forces on Substr. Seismic forces on Substr. upto well
well cap top 7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5 7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5
Seismic forces on Substr. upto well cap top cap top
7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
upto well cap top
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
- - 1150.7 1150.7
Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seismic forces on well 28.0 -28.0 876.1 2920.4 41.9 139.8
1150.7 1150.7 Seismic forces on well 28.0 -28.0 876.1 2920.4 41.9 139.8
Seismic forces on well 28.0 -28.0 876.1 2920.4 41.9 139.8 Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
Total for unfactored
Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
loads Total for unfactored loads
11270. 11272. WC (0o) 3065.9 2933.9 3027.5 11277.8 111.3 407.1
WC (0o) 3069.9 2937.8 3015.6 110.9 407.1 WC (0o) 3069.3 2937.3 3059.3 112.1 407.0 WC (20o) 3065.9 2933.9 3126.3 11166.2 115.3 402.7
5 1
11158. 11160.
WC (20o) 3069.9 2937.8 3114.4 114.9 402.7 WC (20o) 3069.3 2937.3 3158.1 116.0 402.6
9 5
HFL-VERTICAL SEISMIC HFL-VERTICAL SEISMIC

unfactored Forces Maximum Longitudinal Moment Maximum Transverse Moment case
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT case unfactored Forces
t t t-m t-m t t unfactored Forces Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t
SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 DL (Superstr.) 1100.0 1100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL1 7.6 7.6 16.4 19.8 0.5 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 136.8 136.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FPLL1 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL3 3.7 3.7 28.3 27.2 0.8 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 LL2 7.0 7.0 60.0 26.1 1.6 0.0
FPLL3 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on FPLL2 76.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
101.3 -101.3 1566.9 1662.8 45.2 45.6 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Superstr. Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Substructure Weight Seismic forces on
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 101.2 -101.2 1567.3 1655.2 45.2 45.5
upto well cap top level Superstr. Substructure Weight upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hydrodynamic Force on Substructure Weight Hydrodynamic Force on Substr. 0.0 0.0 236.5 236.5 11.8 11.8
0.0 0.0 236.5 236.5 11.8 11.8 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Substr. upto well cap top level
Buoyancy on substr Hydrodynamic Force on Buoyancy on substr upto well cap top -30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 236.5 236.5 11.8 11.8
upto well cap top Substr.
Seismic forces on Buoyancy on substr Seismic forces on Substr. upto well cap top 25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Substr. upto well cap 25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5 upto well cap top Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
top Seismic forces on Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substr. upto well cap 25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 top Seismic forces on well 93.2 -93.2 876.1 876.1 41.9 41.9
- - Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1150.7 1150.7 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Seismic forces on well 93.2 -93.2 876.1 876.1 41.9 41.9 - - Total for unfactored loads
o Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Water Current (0 ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5 1150.7 1150.7 WC (0o) 3220.0 2779.8 3027.5 4076.4 111.3 148.4
o
Water Current (20 ) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1 Seismic forces on well 93.2 -93.2 876.1 876.1 41.9 41.9 WC (20o) 3220.0 2779.8 3126.3 3964.8 115.3 144.0
o
Total for unfactored Water Current (0 ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
o
loads Water Current (20 ) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
WC (0o) 3224.0 2783.7 3015.6 4069.0 110.9 148.4 Total for unfactored
o
WC (20 ) 3224.0 2783.7 3114.4 3957.4 114.9 144.0 loads
WC (0o) 3223.3 2783.2 3059.6 4067.7 112.1 148.4
o
WC (20 ) 3223.3 2783.2 3158.4 3956.1 116.0 144.0
17
ONE SPAN DISLODGED CONDITION-SEISMIC -LWL ONE SPAN DISLODGED CONDITION-SEISMIC -LWL
Longitudinal Seismic
Case
unfactored Forces Transverse Seismic Case Vertical Seismic Case
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT unfactored Forces unfactored Forces
t t t-m t-m t t Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 68.4 68.4 43.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 68.4 68.4 43.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Seismic forces on
15.1 -15.1 2621.1 822.2 75.3 22.6 15.1 -15.1 793.1 2740.8 22.6 75.3 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Superstr. Superstr.
Substructure Weight Substructure Weight Seismic forces on Superstr. 50.2 -50.2 815.6 822.2 22.6 22.6
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
upto well cap top level upto well cap top level
Seismic forces on Seismic forces on Substructure Weight upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Substr. Upto well cap 7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5 Substr. Upto well cap 7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5
top level Seismic forces on Substr. Upto well cap top
top level 25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5
Weight of soil on well level
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of soil on well
cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
cap Weight of soil on well cap 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hydrodynamic force on Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 70.6 235.4 2.7 9.1
pier Hydrodynamic force on Seismic forces on well 6.0 -6.0 70.6 70.6 2.7 2.7
Seismic forces on well 1.8 -1.8 235.4 70.6 9.1 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2
pier Hydrodynamic force on pier 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
- - - -
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1150.7 1150.7 1150.7 1150.7
Total for unfactored Total for unfactored loads 2361.6 2197.8 1634.6 1212.7 36.9 36.9
2304.3 2255.2 4351.2 1212.7 123.1 36.9 Total for unfactored
loads 2304.3 2255.2 1612.1 4042.3 36.9 123.1
loads
ONE SPAN DISLODGED CONDITION-HFL ONE SPAN DISLODGED CONDITION-HFL

Case Vertical Seismic Case
unfactored Forces Transverse Seismic Case unfactored Forces
Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT unfactored Forces Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t Load Item Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 t t t-m t-m t t
DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (excluding w/c) 68.4 68.4 43.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 DL (Superstr.) 550.0 550.0 352.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 68.4 68.4 43.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (excluding w/c) 68.4 68.4 43.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 SIDL (w/c) 51.2 51.2 32.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
Seismic forces on Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Thermal Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
15.1 -15.1 2621.1 822.2 75.3 22.6 Seismic forces on Seismic forces on Superstr. 50.2 -50.2 815.6 822.2 22.6 22.6
Superstr. 15.1 -15.1 793.1 2740.8 22.6 75.3
Substructure Weight Superstr. Substructure Weight upto well cap
342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Substructure Weight 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
upto well cap top level 342.1 342.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 top level
Hydrodynamic Force on upto well cap top level Hydrodynamic Force on Substr. 0.0 0.0 236.5 236.5 11.8 11.8
0.0 0.0 788.3 236.5 39.4 11.8 Hydrodynamic Force on
Substr. 0.0 0.0 236.5 788.3 11.8 39.4 Buoyancy on substr upto well cap
Buoyancy on substr Substr. -30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 top
upto well cap top Buoyancy on substr
-30.0 -30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seismic forces on Substr. upto
Seismic forces on upto well cap top 25.7 -25.7 319.7 319.7 11.5 11.5
Seismic forces on well cap top
Substr. upto well cap 7.7 -7.7 1065.7 319.7 38.5 11.5
top Substr. upto well cap 7.7 -7.7 319.7 1065.7 11.5 38.5 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 top Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
85.494 Weight of well 2333.2 2333.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buoyancy on well -1150.7 -1150.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wt of soil on projection 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Wt of soil on projection 85.5 85.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
52 Seismic forces on well 93.2 -93.2 876.1 876.1 41.9 41.9
- - - - Water Current (0o) 0.0 0.0 0.0 954.0 0.0 37.5
Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buoyancy on well 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1150.7 1150.7 1150.7 1150.7 Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Seismic forces on well 28.0 -28.0 2920.4 876.1 139.8 41.9 Seismic forces on well 28.0 -28.0 876.1 2920.4 41.9 139.8
Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1 WC (0o) 2418.8 2080.6 2676.5 3208.6 87.9 125.4
Water Current (20o) 0.0 0.0 98.8 842.4 4.0 33.1
Total for unfactored Total for unfactored WC (20o) 2418.8 2080.6 2775.3 3097.0 91.8 121.0
loads loads
WC (0o) 2300.4 2199.0 7824.1 3208.6 293.0 125.4 WC (0o) 2300.4 2199.0 2654.0 8469.2 87.9 330.5
WC (20o) 2300.4 2199.0 7922.9 3097.0 296.9 121.0 WC (20o) 2300.4 2199.0 2752.8 8357.6 91.8 326.1
18
SUMMARY OF LOAD CASES FOR SEISMIC CASE
SUMMARY OF LOAD CASES FOR SEISMIC CASE HFL
Both Spans present
WC Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Case No.
direction t t t-m t-m t t
S13 WC (0o) 3069.9 2937.8 10015.8 4064.3 368.8 148.4

One Span Dislodged
Condition
WC
S14 3069.9 2937.8 10114.6 3952.7 372.7 144.0
(20o) Longitudinal Seismic
S15 WC (0o) 3069.3 2937.2 10059.3 4070.5 369.9 148.4 WC Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
LWL WITHOUT SCOUR WC Load Case No. directi
S16
(20o)
3069.3 2937.2 10158.1 3958.9 373.9 144.0
on t t t-m t-m t t
Both Spans present
Longitudinal Seismic One Span Dislodged S17 WC (0o) 3065.9 2933.9 10027.7 4071.6 369.1 148.4 WC 2300. 7824. 3208.
Condition S31 2199.0 293.0 125.4
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT WC (0o) 4 1 6
Load Case No. Longitudinal Seismic S18
(20o)
3065.9 2933.9 10126.5 3960.0 373.1 144.0
WC 2300. 7922. 3097.
t t t-m t-m t t S32 2199.0 296.9 121.0
S1 3094.7 3014.9 6542.9 2068.4 198.8 59.9 Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Transverse Seismic (20o) 4 9 0
Load Case No.
S2 3073.2 2993.4 6586.4 2074.6 200.0 59.9 t t t-m t-m t t WC Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Case No.
S3 3069.8 2990.1 6554.8 2075.7 199.2 59.9
S10 2304.3 2255.2 4351.2 1212.7 123.1 36.9 direction t t t-m t-m t t
Transverse Seismic
Transverse Seismic S19 o
WC (0 ) 3069.9 2937.8 3015.6 11270.5 110.9 407.1
WC Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Transverse Seismic
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT WC Load Case No. directi
Load Case No. Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT S20
(20o)
3069.9 2937.8 3114.4 11158.9 114.9 402.7
t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t Load Case No. on
t t t-m t-m t t
S4 3073.8 2994.0 1973.7 6843.6 60.0 199.6 S21 WC (0o) 3069.3 2937.3 3059.3 11272.1 112.1 407.0 WC 2300. 2654. 8469.
S11 2304.3 2255.2 1612.1 4042.3 36.9 123.1 S33 2199.0 87.9 330.5
S5 3073.2 2993.4 2017.4 6845.2 61.1 199.5 WC (0o) 4 0 2
S22 3069.3 2937.3 3158.1 11160.5 116.0 402.6
S6 3069.8 2990.1 1985.6 6850.9 60.3 199.6 (20o)
Vertical Seismic WC 2300. 2752. 8357.
Vertical Seismic S23 o
WC (0 ) 3065.9 2933.9 3027.5 11277.8 111.3 407.1 S34 2199.0 91.8 326.1
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT (20o) 4 8 6
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Load Case No. WC
Load Case No. t t t-m t-m t t S24 3065.9 2933.9 3126.3 11166.2 115.3 402.7
t t t-m t-m t t (20o)
S12 2361.6 2197.8 1634.6 1212.7 36.9 36.9 Vertical Seismic Vertical Seismic
S7 3166.9 2900.9 1973.7 2073.1 60.0 59.9
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT WC Pmax Pmin
S8 3166.2 2900.4 2017.8 2071.8 61.1 59.9 Load Case No.
WC ML MT HL HT
S9 3162.9 2897.0 1985.6 2080.5 60.3 59.9 direction t t t-m t-m t t Load Case No. directi
S25 WC (0o) 3224.0 2783.7 3015.6 4069.0 110.9 148.4 on t t t-m t-m t t
WC WC 2418. 2676. 3208.
S26 3224.0 2783.7 3114.4 3957.4 114.9 144.0 S35 2080.6 87.9 125.4
(20o) o
S27 WC (0o) 3223.3 2783.2 3059.6 4067.7 112.1 148.4
(0 ) 8 5 6
WC WC 2418. 2775. 3097.
S28 3223.3 2783.2 3158.4 3956.1 116.0 144.0 S36 2080.6 91.8 121.0
(20o) (20o) 8 3 0
S29 WC (0o) 3220.0 2779.8 3027.5 4076.4 111.3 148.4
WC
S30 3220.0 2779.8 3126.3 3964.8 115.3 144.0
(20o)
ACTIVE & PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM

ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE
ACTIVE EARTH
PRESSURE
b=
d=
angle i=
f = angle
of angle Int of Int of M-
angle of
inclin of Active Active Force foundi
RL at of fricti kah.g. -2c. RL of
RL at heigh ation inclin kah.g. Earth Earth - ng
Description botto width shear on kah kph c g h (kah)^ FOS acting
top t of ation h top Pressu pressu norm level -
m ing betwee bottom 0.5 force
wall of soil re at re at al norma
resist n soil
with with top bottom l
ance and
horizo horizo
wall
ntal ntal
190.45 188.00 188.8
5 MSL-Layer 1 2.450 7.300 1.571 0.349 0.233 0.000 0.426 2.811 4.000 1.010 0.000 1.054 -5.222 0.000 0.000 2 0.0 0.0
0 0 09
Layer 1- 188.00 185.00 186.3
6 3.000 7.300 1.571 0.524 0.349 0.000 0.279 5.737 0.000 1.010 1.054 1.901 0.000 1.054 1.901 2 16.2 143.3
Layer 2 0 0 57
Layer 2- 185.00 183.00 183.9
7 2.000 7.300 1.571 0.559 0.372 0.000 0.256 6.831 0.000 1.020 1.901 2.424 0.000 1.901 2.424 2 15.8 102.0
Layer 3 0 0 60
Layer 3- 183.00 182.00 182.4

8 1.000 7.300 1.571 0.576 0.384 0.000 0.245 7.496 0.000 1.030 2.424 2.676 0.000 2.424 2.676 2 9.3 46.5
Layer 4 0 0 92
Layer 4- 182.00 179.50 180.7

9 2.500 7.300 1.571 0.593 0.393 0.000 0.235 8.197 0.000 1.030 2.676 3.281 0.000 2.676 3.281 2 27.2 87.2
Layer 5 0 0 08
179.50 177.50 178.4
10 Layer 5- FL 2.000 7.300 1.571 0.593 0.393 0.000 0.235 8.197 0.000 1.030 3.281 3.765 0.000 3.281 3.765 2 25.7 25.1
0 0 77
94.2 404.1
19
PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE BASE PRESSURE CHECK -LWL
Dia of well at base = 7.45
b= d= i= Area of well at base A = 43.59m2
angle f = angle angle
Int of Int of Section modulus of well at
of angle of of M-
Passiv Passiv Force base Z = 40.59m3
inclina of frictioinclina +2c. RL of foundi
RL at RL at kph.g.h kph.g.h e Earth e Earth -
Description height width tion of sheari n tion of kah kph c g (kph)^ FOS acting ng
top bottom top bottom Pressu pressur norma
wall ng betwee soil 0.5 force level -
re at e at l
with resist n soil with normal LWL WITHOUT SCOUR
top bottom
horizon ance and horizo Moment
tal wall ntal Moment
ML due to MT due to due to
due to Net
190.45 Load Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT H tilt and Tilt and M passive P/A+M/Z P/A-M/Z
MSL -Layer 2 190.45 190.45 0.000 7.300 1.571 0.576 0.384 0.000 0.245 7.496 0.000 1.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 2 0.0 0.0 active moment Check
1
0 Case No. shift Shift resistanc
resistance
e
Layer 2- Layer 190.07 190.19
2 190.45 0.379 7.300 1.571 0.576 0.384 0.000 0.245 7.496 0.000 1.010 0.000 2.869 0.000 0.000 2.869 2 2.0 25.2 t t t-m t-m t t t t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t/m2 t/m2
3 1 6
Layer 3- Layer 185.57 187.17 N1 3301.6 3163.7 2271.0 1737.6 64.9 33.8 73.2 344.3 691.9 3569.6 404.1 9569.3 0.0 75.7 72.6 OK
3 190.071 4.500 7.300 .571 0.576 0.384 0.000 0.245 7.496 0.000 1.020 2.869 37.274 0.000 2.869 37.274 2 329.7 3190.7
4 1 8 N2 3286.8 3149.0 3359.5 1893.3 93.7 33.8 99.6 345.1 690.3 4516.6 404.1 9569.3 0.0 75.4 72.2 OK
Layer 4- well 179.57 182.16 N3 3202.6 3064.8 2568.5 1921.1 74.1 33.8 81.4 350.2 681.2 3910.3 404.1 9569.3 0.0 73.5 70.3 OK
4 185.571 6.000 7.300 1.571 0.593 0.393 0.000 0.235 8.197 0.000 1.030 37.274 87.933 0.000 37.274 87.933 2 1371.0 6397.7
curb top 1 6 N4 2329.9 2261.0 569.4 641.2 4.1 17.6 18.0 402.6 587.0 1566.3 404.1 9569.3 0.0 53.4 51.9 OK
S1 3094.9 3004.3 7249.2 2280.3 226.0 68.0 236.0 356.7 669.6 8157.9 505.1 11961.6 0.0 71.0 68.9 OK
well kerb top- 179.57 179.57
5
Layer 5
179.571
1
0.000 7.300 1.571 0.593 0.393 0.000 0.235 8.197 0.000 1.030 87.933 87.933 0.000 87.933 87.933 2 0.0
1
0.0 S2 3073.4 2982.8 7292.7 2286.5 227.2 68.0 237.1 357.9 667.3 8201.1 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.5 68.4 OK
S3 3070.1 2979.4 7261.1 2287.6 226.4 68.0 236.4 358.1 666.9 8172.0 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.4 68.3 OK
178.50 S4 3074.0 2983.4 2185.6 7549.9 68.1 226.8 236.8 357.9 667.3 8601.9 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.5 68.4 OK
6 Layer 5- FL 179.571 177.5 2.071 7.300 1.571 0.593 0.393 0.000 0.235 8.197 0.000 1.030 87.933 105.419 0.000 87.933 105.419 2 730.8 733.9
4 S5 3073.4 2982.8 2229.3 7551.5 69.3 226.7 237.0 357.9 667.3 8616.4 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.5 68.4 OK
10347. S6 3070.1 2979.4 2197.5 7557.2 68.5 226.8 236.9 358.1 666.9 8612.1 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.4 68.3 OK
(NORMAL CASE-LWL) 2433.5 5 S7 3179.8 2877.6 2185.6 2285.0 68.1 68.0 96.3 351.6 678.8 3901.5 505.1 11961.6 0.0 72.9 66.0 OK
Moment (t- S8 3179.1 2877.1 2229.7 2283.7 69.3 68.0 97.1 351.6 678.7 3929.2 505.1 11961.6 0.0 72.9 66.0 OK
Case Force (t) m) S9 3175.8 2873.6 2197.5 2292.4 68.5 68.0 96.5 351.8 678.3 3914.6 505.1 11961.6 0.0 72.9 65.9 OK
Active Pressure 94.17 404.06 S10 2304.5 2244.5 5057.5 1424.6 150.2 45.1 156.8 404.1 584.2 5819.3 505.1 11961.6 0.0 52.9 51.5 OK
S11 2304.5 2244.5 1824.0 4748.6 45.1 150.2 156.8 404.1 584.2 5779.6 505.1 11961.6 0.0 52.9 51.5 OK
Passive Pressure 2215.19 9569.30
S12 2374.5 2174.5 1846.5 1424.6 45.1 45.1 63.7 399.9 591.8 3018.6 505.1 11961.6 0.0 54.5 49.9 OK
BASE PRESSURE CHECK -HFL CHECK FOR SEINING -LWL

HFL
Moment
Moment
ML due MT due due to STEINING CHECK
due to Net P/A+M/
Load Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT H to tilt to Tilt M passive P/A-M/Z Dia of well at
active moment Z Check
Case No. and shift and Shift resistanc base = 7.45
resistance
e Area of well at
t t t-m t-m t t t t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t/m2 t/m2 base A = 43.59m2
N5 3243.0 3120.3 2322.6 3083.8 66.4 85.6 108.4 347.8 685.6 4619.4 404.1 9569.3 0.0 74.4 71.6 OK Section modulus of well at
N6 3243.0 3120.3 2421.4 2972.2 70.4 81.3 107.5 347.8 685.6 4587.8 404.1 9569.3 0.0 74.4 71.6 OK base Z = 40.59m3
N7 3228.3 3105.6 3411.1 3239.5 95.2 85.6 128.0 348.6 684.0 5434.1 404.1 9569.3 0.0 74.1 71.2 OK
N8 3228.3 3105.6 3509.9 3127.9 99.1 81.3 128.2 348.6 684.0 5423.9 404.1 9569.3 0.0 74.1 71.2 OK LWL WITHOUT SCOUR
N9 3144.1 3021.4 2620.1 3267.3 75.6 85.6 114.2 353.7 674.9 4938.0 404.1 9569.3 0.0 72.1 69.3 OK Moment Moment
N10 3144.1 3021.4 2718.9 3155.7 79.5 81.3 113.7 353.7 674.9 4910.6 404.1 9569.3 0.0 72.1 69.3 OK ML due MT due
Load due to due to RL of Net
N11 2264.9 2224.0 595.2 1877.5 4.8 66.4 66.6 406.5 579.9 2653.7 404.1 9569.3 0.0 52.0 51.0 OK to tilt to tilt P/A+M P/A-
Case Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT H M active passive zero momen
N12 2264.9 2224.0 694.0 1765.9 8.8 62.0 62.6 406.5 579.9 2591.1 404.1 9569.3 0.0 52.0 51.0 OK and and /Z M/Z Check
No. resistanc resistanc shear t
S13 3064.7 2932.6 10015.8 4064.3 368.8 148.4 397.5 358.5 666.3 11401.9 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.3 67.3 OK shift shift
e e
S14 3064.7 2932.6 10114.6 3952.7 372.7 144.0 399.6 358.5 666.3 11446.4 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.3 67.3 OK
t t t-m t-m t t t t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t/m2 t/m2
S15 3064.1 2932.0 10059.3 4070.5 369.9 148.4 398.6 358.5 666.3 11444.1 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.3 67.3 OK
S16 3064.1 2932.0 10158.1 3958.9 373.9 144.0 400.6 358.5 666.3 11488.7 505.1 11961.6 32.2 71.1 66.5 OK N1 3135.1 2997.3 1848.9 1517.9 64.9 33.8 73.2 1448.2 355.2 3792.0 1427.1 2367.5 186.4 2851.6 142.2 -1.5 OK
S17 3060.7 2928.7 10027.7 4071.6 369.1 148.4 397.8 358.7 665.9 11415.8 505.1 11961.6 0.0 70.2 67.2 OK N2 3081.9 2944.1 2775.3 2106.2 93.7 33.8 99.6 1418.3 359.2 4864.6 1464.3 2639.2 186.1 3689.7 161.6 -23.4 OK
S18 3060.7 2928.7 10126.5 3960.0 373.1 144.0 399.9 358.7 665.9 11460.3 505.1 11961.6 3.7 70.3 67.1 OK N3 2997.7 2859.9 2111.7 2134.0 74.1 33.8 81.4 1371.0 365.5 4286.8 1439.0 2453.2 186.3 3272.6 149.4 -15.0 OK
S19 3064.7 2932.6 3015.6 11270.5 110.9 407.1 421.9 358.5 666.3 12404.5 505.1 11961.6 948.0 93.7 43.9 OK N4 2163.4 2094.5 543.0 527.2 4.1 17.6 18.0 902.2 427.6 1732.1 1336.8 1763.5 187.0 1305.4 81.8 15.9 OK
S20 3064.7 2932.6 3114.4 11158.9 114.9 402.7 418.8 358.5 666.3 12324.6 505.1 11961.6 868.1 91.7 45.9 OK S1 2897.5 2806.8 5885.4 1932.7 227.8 68.0 237.8 1314.6 372.9 7560.1 1387.0 1347.6 185.5 7599.5 253.7 -122.8 OK
S21 3064.1 2932.0 3059.3 11272.1 112.1 407.0 422.1 358.5 666.3 12418.0 505.1 11961.6 961.5 94.0 43.6 OK S2 2886.8 2796.2 6070.6 2050.3 233.6 68.0 243.3 1308.7 373.7 7767.2 1388.2 1357.0 185.4 7798.5 258.3 -128.0 OK
S22 3064.1 2932.0 3158.1 11160.5 116.0 402.6 419.0 358.5 666.3 12338.5 505.1 11961.6 882.0 92.0 45.5 OK S3 2870.0 2779.3 5937.9 2055.9 229.6 68.0 239.5 1299.2 375.0 7634.5 1387.4 1350.6 185.5 7671.2 254.8 -125.2 OK
S23 3060.7 2928.7 3027.5 11277.8 111.3 407.1 422.0 358.7 665.9 12414.5 505.1 11961.6 957.9 93.8 43.6 OK S4 2897.5 2806.8 1812.2 6206.2 69.9 226.8 237.3 1314.6 372.9 7284.4 1387.0 1346.9 185.5 7324.4 246.9 -116.0 OK
S24 3060.7 2928.7 3126.3 11166.2 115.3 402.7 418.9 358.7 665.9 12334.7 505.1 11961.6 878.1 91.8 45.6 OK S5 2886.8 2796.2 1997.7 6320.0 75.7 226.7 239.0 1308.6 373.7 7465.8 1387.3 1349.8 185.5 7503.3 251.1 -120.7 OK
S25 3218.8 2778.5 3015.6 4069.0 110.9 148.4 185.3 349.2 683.0 5822.7 505.1 11961.6 0.0 73.8 63.7 OK S6 2870.0 2779.3 1864.8 6329.4 71.7 226.8 237.9 1299.2 375.0 7413.5 1387.1 1347.9 185.5 7452.7 249.4 -119.8 OK
S26 3218.8 2778.5 3114.4 3957.4 114.9 144.0 184.2 349.2 683.0 5790.5 505.1 11961.6 0.0 73.8 63.7 OK S7 3064.7 2762.6 1812.2 1937.4 69.9 68.0 97.6 1408.6 360.5 3956.6 1350.7 1070.2 186.4 4237.0 174.7 -41.0 OK
S27 3218.1 2778.0 3059.6 4067.7 112.1 148.4 186.0 349.3 682.9 5847.1 505.1 11961.6 0.0 73.8 63.7 OK S8 3023.3 2721.3 2017.7 2393.9 75.7 68.0 101.7 1385.3 363.6 4379.9 1352.3 1082.0 186.4 4650.3 183.9 -52.1 OK
S28 3218.1 2778.0 3158.4 3956.1 116.0 144.0 184.9 349.3 682.9 5815.8 505.1 11961.6 0.0 73.8 63.7 OK S9 3006.5 2704.3 1884.5 2406.8 71.7 68.0 98.9 1375.9 364.8 4279.2 1351.2 1073.9 186.4 4556.5 181.2 -50.2 OK
S29 3214.8 2774.6 3027.5 4076.4 111.3 148.4 185.5 349.5 682.5 5835.3 505.1 11961.6 0.0 73.7 63.6 OK S10 1845.4 1785.4 4132.3 1147.0 150.2 45.1 156.8 723.5 451.3 5112.1 1365.9 1181.5 186.1 5296.5 172.8 -89.5 OK
S30 3214.8 2774.6 3126.3 3964.8 115.3 144.0 184.5 349.5 682.5 5803.3 505.1 11961.6 0.0 73.7 63.6 OK S11 1845.4 1785.4 1546.4 3823.4 45.1 150.2 156.8 723.5 451.3 4840.0 1365.9 1181.5 186.1 5024.4 166.1 -82.8 OK
S31 2295.2 2193.8 7824.1 3208.6 293.0 125.4 318.7 404.6 583.2 9060.3 505.1 11961.6 0.0 52.7 50.3 OK S12 1915.4 1715.4 1568.9 1147.0 45.1 45.1 63.7 762.9 446.1 2824.1 1335.7 967.5 186.7 3192.2 122.6 -39.3 OK
S32 2295.2 2193.8 7922.9 3097.0 296.9 121.0 320.7 404.6 583.2 9104.5 505.1 11961.6 0.0 52.7 50.3 OK
S33 2295.2 2193.8 2654.0 8469.2 87.9 330.5 342.0 404.6 583.2 9555.2 505.1 11961.6 0.0 52.7 50.3 OK
S34 2295.2 2193.8 2752.8 8357.6 91.8 326.1 338.8 404.6 583.2 9482.0 505.1 11961.6 0.0 52.7 50.3 OK
S35 2413.6 2075.4 2676.5 3208.6 87.9 125.4 153.2 397.5 596.0 4891.3 505.1 11961.6 0.0 55.4 47.6 OK
S36 2413.6 2075.4 2775.3 3097.0 91.8 121.0 151.9 397.5 596.0 4868.8 505.1 11961.6 0.0 55.4 47.6 OK
20
CHECK FOR SEINING –HFL CHECK FOR STEINING
HFL
Moment
Load ML due to MT due to
due to
Moment due
RL of zero Net As the maximum tensile stress in
Case Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT H tilt and tilt and M to passive P/A+M/Z P/A-M/Z
No. shift shift
active
resistance
shear moment Check steining is 1.94Mpa < tensile strength of concrete (2.5Mpa)
resistance
t t t-m t-m t t t t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t-m t/m2 t/m2
N5 2783.9 2661.2 1890.8 2524.1 66.4 85.6 108.4 1250.8 381.4 4279.2 16.7 510.8 187.6 3785.2 157.1 -32.2 OK Hence steining is assumed as uncracked and designed as PCC section with minimum 0.12% of steel as per Cl.708.3.4 of
N6 2783.9 2661.2 1963.9 2441.0 70.4 81.3 107.5 1250.8 381.4 4277.9 16.6 507.4 187.6 3787.1 157.2 -32.2 OK IRC:78-2014.
N7 2730.7 2608.0 2817.2 3112.4 95.2 85.6 128.0 1221.0 385.4 5342.4 19.0 581.5 187.4 4779.9 180.4 -57.9 OK
N8 2730.7 2608.0 2890.3 3029.3 99.1 81.3 128.2 1221.0 385.4 5344.4 19.0 582.0 187.4 4781.4 180.4 -58.0 OK
Clear
N9 2646.5 2523.8 2153.6 3140.2 75.6 85.6 114.2 1173.7 391.6 4852.3 17.4 532.3 187.5 4337.4 167.6 -49.0 OK cover = 75mm
N10 2646.5 2523.8 2226.7 3057.2 79.5 81.3 113.7 1173.7 391.6 4843.2 17.3 530.3 187.5 4330.2 167.4 -48.8 OK Minimum area of vertical reinf. required = 26662.7mm2
N11 1805.8 1764.9 564.0 1424.7 4.8 66.4 66.6 701.3 454.2 2265.2 11.2 341.9 188.2 1934.5 89.1 -7.2 OK
N12 1805.8 1764.9 637.0 1341.6 8.8 62.0 62.6 701.3 454.2 2239.7 10.6 324.6 188.3 1925.8 88.9 -7.0 OK Provide
S13 2636.1 2504.0 7722.8 3194.0 370.6 148.4 399.2 1167.8 392.4 9586.7 1409.2 1544.3 184.4 9451.7 293.3 -175.4 OK 120Nos 12mm diaon outer face
S14 2636.1 2504.0 7795.9 3110.9 374.5 144.0 401.3 1167.8 392.4 9624.0 1409.3 1545.2 184.4 9488.1 294.2 -176.3 OK
S15 2594.7 2462.6 7927.8 3657.7 376.3 148.4 404.5 1144.5 395.5 9936.6 1409.5 1546.5 184.3 9799.6 300.9 -184.9 OK
120Nos 12mm diaon inner face
S16 2594.7 2462.6 8000.9 3574.7 380.3 144.0 406.6 1144.5 395.5 9970.0 1409.5 1547.3 184.3 9832.2 301.7 -185.7 OK Area of vertical reinf. provided = 27143.4mm2 OK
S17 2577.8 2445.8 7795.1 3663.3 372.4 148.4 400.9 1135.1 396.7 9809.8 1409.3 1545.0 184.4 9674.1 297.4 -182.2 OK
S18 2577.8 2445.8 7868.1 3580.3 376.3 144.0 403.0 1135.1 396.7 9842.5 1409.4 1545.8 184.4 9706.0 298.2 -183.0 OK
S19 2636.1 2504.0 2363.5 8753.7 112.7 407.1 422.4 1167.8 392.4 9804.1 1410.1 1552.6 184.3 9661.6 298.5 -180.6 OK Hoop reinforcement
S20 2636.1 2504.0 2436.5 8670.6 116.7 402.7 419.3 1167.8 392.4 9753.4 1410.0 1551.6 184.3 9611.8 297.2 -179.3 OK Hoop steel shall not be less than 0.04 percent of the volume per unit length of the steining
S21 2594.7 2462.6 2568.6 9213.7 118.5 407.0 423.9 1144.5 395.5 10301.6 1410.1 1553.0 184.2 10158.7 309.8 -193.8 OK
S22 2594.7 2462.6 2641.7 9130.6 122.4 402.6 420.8 1144.5 395.5 10250.9 1410.0 1552.1 184.3 10108.9 308.5 -192.5 OK
S23 2577.8 2445.8 2435.7 9223.0 114.6 407.1 422.9 1135.1 396.7 10261.1 1410.1 1552.7 184.3 10118.5 308.4 -193.2 OK Volume of hoop reinforcement = 8887566mm3/m
S24 2577.8 2445.8 2508.8 9140.0 118.5 402.7 419.8 1135.1 396.7 10209.1 1410.0 1551.8 184.3 10067.4 307.1 -191.9 OK
S25 2790.2 2349.9 2363.5 3198.7 112.7 148.4 186.4 1254.4 380.9 5089.5 1381.9 1306.1 185.6 5165.3 191.2 -73.3 OK Provide
S26 2790.2 2349.9 2436.5 3115.7 116.7 144.0 185.4 1254.4 380.9 5084.2 1381.7 1304.2 185.6 5161.7 191.2 -73.2 OK
S27 2748.7 2308.6 2568.9 3655.1 118.5 148.4 189.9 1231.1 384.0 5545.7 1382.8 1312.7 185.6 5615.8 201.4 -85.4 OK 10mm dia 300mm dia
S28 2748.7 2308.6 2642.0 3572.1 122.4 144.0 189.0 1231.1 384.0 5536.4 1382.6 1311.1 185.6 5607.9 201.2 -85.2 OK 10mm dia 300mm dia
S29 2731.9 2291.7 2435.7 3668.1 114.6 148.4 187.5 1221.6 385.3 5459.5 1382.2 1308.2 185.6 5533.5 199.0 -83.7 OK
S30 2731.9 2291.7 2508.8 3585.0 118.5 144.0 186.5 1221.6 385.3 5447.9 1382.0 1306.4 185.6 5523.5 198.7 -83.5 OK
S31 1836.1 1734.6 5969.8 2408.3 293.0 125.4 318.7 718.3 452.0 7274.0 1403.5 1490.4 184.8 7187.2 219.2 -137.3 OK Length of outer hoop steel = 22493.8mm
S32 1836.1 1734.6 6042.8 2325.2 296.9 121.0 320.7 718.3 452.0 7309.3 1403.7 1492.2 184.8 7220.8 220.0 -138.1 OK Length of inner hoop steel = 15847.96mm
S33 1836.1 1734.6 2097.7 6370.9 87.9 330.5 342.0 718.3 452.0 7381.2 1405.6 1510.2 184.7 7276.7 221.4 -139.5 OK
S34 1836.1 1734.6 2170.7 6287.9 91.8 326.1 338.8 718.3 452.0 7333.0 1405.4 1507.7 184.7 7230.7 220.2 -138.3 OK
S35 1954.4 1616.3 2120.2 2408.3 87.9 125.4 153.2 784.8 443.2 4070.6 1373.4 1238.3 185.9 4205.7 148.4 -66.5 OK Volume of hoop reinf. per m = 10037851mm3/m OK
S36 1954.4 1616.3 2193.2 2325.2 91.8 121.0 151.9 784.8 443.2 4066.1 1373.0 1235.6 185.9 4203.5 148.4 -66.5 OK
COMBINATION FOR DESIGN OF WELL CAP (ULTIMATE LIMIT COMBINATION FOR DESIGN OF WELL CAP (ULTIMATE LIMIT
STATE) STATE)
HFL
Combination 1 - Basic Seismic Combination

Live load Water Current Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Case No.
case direction t t t-m t-m t t
SUMMARY OF LOAD CASES FOR COMBINATION 1 SCF13
LL1 Case
Water Current (0o ) 2553.9 2451.2 4882.8 1670.8 258.8 97.9
SUMMARY OF LOAD CASES FOR SEISMIC COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION SCF14 Water Current (20o ) 2553.9 2451.2 4895.9 1655.7 265.5 90.7
LWL SCF15 Water Current (0o ) 2553.3 2450.6 2713.5 1018.0 259.9 97.9
LWL SCF16
LL2 Case
2553.3 2450.6 2726.6 1002.9 266.7 90.7
Longitudinal Seismic Water Current (20o )
LL Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Live load Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT SCF17 Water Current (0o ) 2550.0 2447.3 2701.5 1019.1 259.2 97.9
Load Case No. Live load case Load Case No. LL3 Case
Leading/Accompanying t t t-m t-m t t case t t t-m t-m t t
SCF18 Water Current (20o ) 2550.0 2447.3 2714.6 1004.1 265.9 90.7
SCF1 LL1 Case 2650.6 2547.9 4879.5 1583.4 255.9 77.1 Transverse Seismic
(C-1)1 LL Leading 3038.2 3577.1 262.0 1160.4 24.1 29.7 Live load Water Current
LL1 case SCF2 LL2 Case 2650.0 2547.3 2710.2 930.6 257.0 77.1 Load Case No.
(C-1)2 LL Accompanying 2985.0 3289.0 262.9 1203.3 24.9 49.5 case direction t t t-m t-m t t
SCF3 LL3 Case 2646.6 2543.9 2698.2 931.7 256.2 77.1
(C-1)3 LL Leading 3016.2 3555.0 817.7 1393.9 67.1 29.7 SCF19
LL1 Case
Water Current (0o ) 2553.9 2451.2 651.0 2562.5 78.0 279.8
LL2 case Transverse Seismic SCF20 Water Current (20o ) 2553.9 2451.2 664.1 2547.4 84.7 272.6
(C-1)4 LL Accompanying 2968.1 3272.1 689.0 1382.4 57.9 49.5
(C-1)5 2889.9 3428.7 366.2 1435.6 37.7 29.7 Live load Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT SCF21 Water Current (0o ) 2553.3 2450.7 660.5 2566.8 79.1 279.6
LL Leading Load Case No. LL2 Case
LL3 case case t t t-m t-m t t SCF22 Water Current (20o ) 2553.3 2450.7 673.7 2551.7 85.9 272.4
(C-1)6 LL Accompanying 2871.3 3175.2 342.8 1414.4 35.4 49.5 SCF23 2550.0 2447.3 648.3 2569.8 78.3 279.8
SCF4 LL1 Case 2650.6 2547.9 650.0 2472.7 77.1 256.9 Water Current (0o )
One Span Dislodged Condition SCF5 LL2 Case 2650.0 2547.3 659.5 2477.0 78.2 256.8 SCF24
LL3 Case
Water Current (20o ) 2550.0 2447.3 661.4 2554.7 85.1 272.6
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT SCF6 LL3 Case 2646.6 2543.9 647.3 2480.1 77.4 256.9 Vertical Seismic
Load Case No. LL Leading/Accompanying
t t t-m t-m t t Live load Water Current Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Vertical Seismic Load Case No.
(C-1)7 LL Leading 1682.1 1621.4 626.2 177.9 3.6 15.4 case direction t t t-m t-m t t
Live load Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT SCF25 2673.7 2331.4 651.0 850.6 78.0 97.9
(C-1)8 LL Accompanying 1702.3 1601.2 649.1 296.5 5.9 25.7 Load Case No.
case LL1 Case
Water Current (0o )
t t t-m t-m t t SCF26 Water Current (20o ) 2673.7 2331.4 664.1 835.5 84.7 90.7
SCF7 LL1 Case 2770.4 2428.1 650.0 763.1 77.1 77.1 SCF27 Water Current (0o ) 2673.0 2330.9 660.9 848.7 79.1 97.8
HFL SCF8 LL2 Case 2769.7 2427.6 659.9 761.3 78.2 77.0 SCF28
LL2 Case
2673.0 2330.9 674.1 833.7 85.9 90.6
Water Current (20o )
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT SCF9 LL3 Case 2770.4 2428.1 650.0 763.1 77.1 77.1
Load Case No. Live load case Water Current direction LL Leading/Accompanying SCF29
LL3 Case
Water Current (0o ) 2673.7 2331.4 651.0 850.6 78.0 97.9
t t t-m t-m t t One Span Dislodged Condition SCF30 Water Current (20o ) 2673.7 2331.4 664.1 835.5 84.7 90.7
(C-1)9 o LL Leading 3032.8 3582.6 276.7 1323.3 25.6 55.9 Longitudinal Seismic One Span Dislodged Condition
Water Current (0 )
(C-1)10 LL Accompanying 2976.0 3298.0 287.4 1417.3 27.4 79.8 Longitudinal Seismic
LL1 case Load Case Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
(C-1)11 LL Leading 3032.8 3582.6 289.8 1308.2 32.3 48.7
Water Current (20o) No. t t t-m t-m t t Load Case Water Current Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
(C-1)12 LL Accompanying 3002.9 3479.0 300.5 1418.1 34.1 72.7 No. direction t t t-m t-m t t
SCF10 1668.2 1635.3 1504.7 295.4 82.6 24.8
(C-1)13 o LL Leading 3010.7 3560.5 832.4 1556.8 68.7 55.9 SCF31 Water Current (0o ) 1571.5 1538.6 1508.0 382.9 85.5 45.6
Water Current (0 )
(C-1)14 LL Accompanying 2959.1 3281.1 713.4 1596.3 60.4 79.8 SCF32 Water Current (20o ) 1571.5 1538.6 1521.1 367.8 92.3 38.4
LL2 case Transverse Seismic
(C-1)15 LL Leading 3010.7 3560.5 845.5 1541.7 75.4 48.7
Water Current (20o) Load Case Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Transverse Seismic
No. t t t-m t-m t t Load Case Water Current Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
(C-1)17 LL Leading 2884.4 3434.2 380.9 1598.6 39.3 55.9
Water Current (0o) SCF11 1668.2 1635.3 786.2 706.6 24.8 82.6 No. direction t t t-m t-m t t
LL3 case SCF33 Water Current (0o ) 1571.5 1538.6 787.1 796.4 25.7 105.4
(C-1)19 LL Leading 2884.4 3434.2 394.0 1583.5 46.0 48.7
Water Current (20o) Vertical Seismic SCF34 Water Current (20o ) 1571.5 1538.6 800.3 781.3 32.4 98.2
Load Case Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
One Span Dislodged Condition No. t t t-m t-m t t
Vertical Seismic
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT Load Case Water Current Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Load Case No. Water Current direction LL Leading/Accompanying SCF12 1706.7 1596.8 799.7 212.0 24.8 24.8 No. direction t t t-m t-m t t
t t t-m t-m t t SCF35 1610.0 1500.1 800.6 299.4 25.7 45.6
Water Current (0o )
(C-1)21 LL Leading 1670.2 1633.3 633.5 304.6 4.3 38.6
Water Current (0o) SCF36 Water Current (20o ) 1610.0 1500.1 813.8 284.3 32.4 38.4
(C-1)23 LL Leading 1670.2 1633.3 646.6 289.5 11.1 31.4
Water Current (20o)
21
COMBINATION FOR DESIGN OF WELL CAP (SERVICEABILITY
COMBINATION FOR DESIGN OF WELL CAP (SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE) –QUASI PERMANENT COMBINATION
LIMIT STATE) SUMMARY OF LOAD CASES FOR COMBINATION 1
LWL
LL Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
Rare Combination Load Case No. Live load case Leading/Accompan
t t t-m t-m t t
ying
SUMMARY OF LOAD CASES FOR COMBINATION 1
(C-1)1 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL1 case
LWL
(C-1)3 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT LL2 case
Load Case No. Live load case (C-1)4 LL Accompanying 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Leading/Accompanying t t t-m t-m t t
(C-1)5 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
(C-1)1 LL Leading 2202.0 2561.3 174.7 773.6 16.0 19.8 LL3 case
LL1 case (C-1)6 LL Accompanying 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
One Span Dislodged Condition
(C-1)3 LL Leading 2187.3 2546.6 545.2 929.3 44.8 19.8
LL2 case Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
(C-1)4 LL Accompanying 2151.1 2346.4 451.0 910.0 37.9 33.0 Load Case No. LL Leading/Accompanying
(C-1)5 LL Leading 2103.1 2462.4 244.1 957.1 25.2 19.8 t t t-m t-m t t
LL3 case (C-1)7 LL Leading 1214.2 1214.2 435.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
One Span Dislodged Condition (C-1)8 LL Accompanying 1214.2 1214.2 435.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Load Case No. LL Leading/Accompanying
t t t-m t-m t t HFL
(C-1)7 LL Leading 1234.4 1193.9 458.1 118.6 2.4 10.3 Water Current LL Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
(C-1)8 LL Accompanying 1247.9 1180.5 473.4 197.7 4.0 17.2 Load Case No. Live load case
direction Leading/Accompanying t t t-m t-m t t
(C-1)9 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
HFL Water Current (0o)
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT LL1 case
Load Case No. Live load case Water Current direction LL Leading/Accompanying (C-1)11 o LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
t t t-m t-m t t Water Current (20 )
(C-1)9 LL Leading 2198.4 2564.9 184.5 911.1 17.0 43.9 (C-1)12 LL Accompanying 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Water Current (0o) (C-1)13 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
(C-1)10 LL Accompanying 2156.1 2363.4 189.5 964.7 18.1 59.9 Water Current (0o)
LL1 case (C-1)14 LL Accompanying 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
(C-1)11 LL Leading 2198.4 2564.9 197.6 896.0 23.8 36.7 LL2 case
Water Current (20o)
(C-1)12 LL Accompanying 2175.3 2492.7 202.6 961.0 24.8 52.7 (C-1)15 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Water Current (20o)
(C-1)13 o LL Leading 2183.7 2550.2 554.9 1066.7 45.8 43.9 (C-1)16 LL Accompanying 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Water Current (0 )
(C-1)14 LL Accompanying 2145.0 2352.4 467.3 1081.4 39.6 59.9 (C-1)17 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL2 case Water Current (0o)
(C-1)15 LL Leading 2183.7 2550.2 568.1 1051.6 52.5 36.7 (C-1)18 LL Accompanying 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Water Current (20o) LL3 case
(C-1)19 LL Leading 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
(C-1)17 LL Leading 2099.5 2466.0 253.9 1094.5 26.2 43.9 Water Current (20o)
Water Current (0o) (C-1)20 LL Accompanying 1894.0 1894.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
LL3 case One Span Dislodged Condition
(C-1)19 LL Leading 2099.5 2466.0 267.1 1079.4 32.9 36.7
Water Current (20o) LL Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT
(C-1)20 LL Accompanying 2101.1 2418.5 254.7 1098.6 31.7 52.7 Load Case No. Water Current direction
One Span Dislodged Condition Leading/Accompanying t t t-m t-m t t
Pmax Pmin ML MT HL HT (C-1)21 LL Leading 1214.2 1214.2 435.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Load Case No. Water Current direction LL Leading/Accompanying Water Current (0o)
t t t-m t-m t t (C-1)22 LL Accompanying 1214.2 1214.2 435.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
(C-1)21 LL Leading 1226.4 1201.9 463.0 231.9 2.9 32.3 (C-1)23 LL Leading 1214.2 1214.2 435.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Water Current (0o) Water Current (20o)
(C-1)22 LL Accompanying 1234.6 1193.7 481.6 328.8 4.8 40.6 (C-1)24 LL Accompanying 1214.2 1214.2 435.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
(C-1)23 LL Leading 1226.4 1201.9 476.1 216.8 9.6 25.2
Water Current (20o)
WELL CAP WELL CAP

Well cap has been designed as a plate supported at the boundary by Steining and subjected to vertical loads & moments
Design for shear :
through the substructure .The load is considered after 45 degree dispersion through the depth of the slab, upon the
effective depth. Since the vertical load after dispersion practically covers the entire dredge hole area, the load is I) Shear force on well cap due to moment M
considered as UDL and bending moments calculated accordingly. 50% of the sagging moment at the centre of well cap is where M is the moment at the base of the
well cap. Bending moment M acting on well
considered at support to account for partial fixidity of the well cap with the Steining. Effect of moment is considered by cap through substructure is equivalent to
considering an equivalent triangular distribution of load for shear force. For the moment , effect has been taken as per " that of triangular load distribution as shown
Formula for stress & strain " by R.F. Roark & Young. in the figure.
Maximum loading intensity due to triangular

distribution , po = M*R/(pi*R4/4)
= 4*M/(pi*R3)
Shear force /m run at a distance "a" from centre = Sm

Sm =p*a/4 = po*a2/4R Design for flexure :
where p = po*a/R & R = D/2
I) Due to externally applied moment, Mm
ii) Shear force on well cap due to udl
Mm = po*a2*( 5 + n )/
Let q be the intensity of udl 72*(3)0.5 where po = as mentioned earlier
a = Do/2
Total load = pi*a2*q n = Poisson's ratio = 0.20
Shear force/m run = Su = q*pi*a2/2*pi*a = q*a/2 (refer Roark's Handbook for Stress & Strain, page 435)
ii) Due to udl, Mo Mm = q*Do2*(5+n) / 72*30.5

Total shear force/m run = Sm + Su Simplying
Mm = q*Do2*(5+0.2) / 72*30.5 Equation
Sagging moment at centre = Mo = q*D o2/ 30 Mm = q*Do2/24
The value of moment has been taken as
80%
Hogging moment at centre = q*D o2/ 60 of the moment at the centre with udl to account
for partial fixity.
Total moment/ m run = Mo+ Mm
22
WELL CAP WELL CAP Check for flexure :
Outer diameter of well cap (excluding false steining)= 7.30 m Governing case
Depth of well cap = 2.00 m
Dispersion of load at 45o from pier is taken upto the cg of bottom steel reinforcement i.e.upto a depth
i) Moment due to udl load :
i.e. upto a depth of , " d " = 1.913m Check for Shear
Dispersion length along
c/c Distance of steining, Do = 6.150 m
longitudinal direction = 5.625m
Dispersion length along Design Shear force VRd = 34.8t a = 3.075 m
transverse direction = 5.625m limited to a value of 7.30 m
(Dia. of Well Cap) Shear capacity of section without shear Max.sagging moment, Mo = 146.11 t-m Mo = q*Do2/ 30
reinforcement
Overall Depth of Max. Hogging moment, Mo' = 73.06 t-m Mo = q*Do2/ 60
Hence, the loaded area = 24.85m2 section = 2000.0mm
(Loaded area has been calculated based on actual Effective Depth d = 1912.5mm ii) Moment due externally applied load :
dispersion)
Check for shear : K = 1+ 200 ≤ 2 = 1.32Mm
Moment = 11.3 t-m Mm = po*a2*( 5 + n )/ 72*(3)0.5
ii) Shear force due to vertical load d
Case 3 normal lwl no scour
Total moment = Mo + Mm = 157.45 t-m 84.39 t-m at top
Load from superstructure & 0.031K3/2fc
Total load at well cap substructure = 2755.7 t νmin = k
1/2 = 0.279
bottom = 3038.2t Maximum Axial Load Intensity due to load from
Provide
MRes = 1189.6t-m self weight of well cap = 5.0 t/m2
σcp = NEd/Ac < 0.2fcd = 0 reinforcem
Intensity due to load from ent:
a = 0.59 m (Do - 2* DISPERSION )/2 superstructure & substructure = 110.9 t/m2
Weight due to well cap = 209.3 t ρl = Asl ≤ 0.02 = 0.0027 f20 @ 110 c/c
Total load intensity = 115.9 t/m2 bwd
i) Shear force due to moment Shear force will be calculated at a distance " d " from inner face of steining. Ast provided = 2855.99mm2/m So O.K.
Shear force/m run, Su = 34.0 t/m [0.12K(80ρlfck)0.33 +
Maximum load intensity ( at bottom
VRd.c = 0.15σcp]bwd ≥ (νmin + 0.15σcp)bwd
po ) = 31.1 t = 4*M/(pi*R3) Total shear force/m run = 34.8 t/m
= 59.3 Since VRd<VRd.c f32 @ 250 c/c + f25 @ 250 c/c
Shear force/m run, Sm = 0.7 t/m Sm =p*a/4 = po*a2/4R
Shear reinforcement not
Shear stress = V/b*d = 18.19 t/m2 required
ii) Shear force due to vertical load Ast provided = 5180.49mm2/m So O.K.
or = 0.182 N/mm2
at top
WELL CAP DESIGN OF WELL STEINING & CURB

xulim/d = 0.0035/((fyd)/Es+0.0035)= 0.616858238
Well Curb Reinforcement
Outer dia of well= 7.3 m
Rlim = 0.8095*fcd*(xu/d)*(1-0.416*xu/d) = 5.80 MPa Inner dia of well= 5.0 m
dreqd = √(Mu/(Rlim*b)) = 520.9mm Since dreqd < d,provided OK Height of well curb= 2.20 m
Area of c/s of well curb 1.53 m2
R = Mu/bd2 = 0.43 bottom Average dia of ring 5.67 m
R = Mu/bd2 = 0.23 top Weight of well curb 68.15 t
Ast, required bottom = 1920.6mm2/m Reinforcement Provided

Dia of
Ast, required top = 1022.5mm2/m Description No. Bar Dia Af (m2) Length(m) Weight(kg) Shape
Ring
Ast, required minimum = 2784.6mm2/m (max. Of 0.26fctm/fyk*bt*d and 0.0013bt*d) w1, Outer Ring 8 16 0.000201 7.351 23.09 291.60
Ast, required governing bottom = 2784.6mm2/m max. of Ast, required@ bottom & Ast (minimum) w3, Inner top Ring 7 12 0.000113 6.267 19.69 122.35
w2, Inner
Ast, required governing top = 2784.6mm2/m max. of Ast, required@ top & Ast (minimum) bottom Ring 9 16 0.000201 6.233 19.58 278.16
w5, Ring Connector 120 16 0.000201 5.50 1041.32
w6, Horz Connector 960 10 0.000079 0.559 330.86
Provide reinforcement: Total Reinf OK
= 2064.3
f20 @ 110 c/c
Ast provided = 2855.99mm2/m Ast provided > Ast, required So O.K.

at bottom IRC 78-2014; Cl
Min area of reinf required = 72kg / m3 of concrete of well curb 708.7.3
f32 @ 250 c/c + f25 @ 250 c/c Total volume of concrete of well curb
= 27.26m3
Ast provided = 5180.49mm2/m Ast provided > Ast, required So O.K. So min required wt of reinforcement = 1962.71kg
at top
23
THANK YOU
24

Lecture 6 by MR Aditya Sharma On Design of Pile Foundation & Well Foundation PDF

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Lecture 6 by MR Aditya Sharma On Design of Pile Foundation & Well Foundation PDF

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CONTENTS

1. GEOTECHNICAL CAPACITY IN SOIL

2. GEOTECHNICAL CAPACITY IN ROCK

3. LATERAL CAPACITY OF PILE FOUNDATION

INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION, INCLUDING

GEOTECHNICAL CAPACITY OF PILE

ULTIMATE BASE RESISTANCE (RU) D = Pile diameter = 1 m

WORKED OUT EXAMPLE:- SOLUTION:- AS PER APPENDIX 5, IRC:78

RQD = Rock Quality Designation (%) 100% 1.2

Rock Layer II: Slightly Weathered/ Fresh Rock

As=9.425 m2=9.425x106 mm2 Q allow = (Re/3) + (Raf/6)

qc=25 MPa = (23714.85/3) + (17990.94/6)

Cus= 0.225√qc =1.125 = (7904.95) + (2998.49)

Ultimate Side Socket Resistance

EXAMPLE- Stiffness factor

Stiffness factor, T= (EI/nh)0.2

Fixed end Moment Calculation

Actual max. moment, M=mxMF

INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION, INCLUDING

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Lateral Load Capacity

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FLOW CHART FOR DESIGN OF

a) For piles more than 600 mm diameter:

Vertical Lateral Serviceability Ultimate limit

Crack width Moment of

Loads, Forces and their Combinations

Pile No. Longitudinal Transverse A xi2 yi2

1 1.80 3.60 1 3.2 13.0 3.6m

3 1.80 -3.60 1 3.2 13.0 P3 P6

5 -1.80 0.00 1 3.2 0.0

PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS

Normal case Seismic case

Minimum Axial force = 176t OK

LEGEND : LC1 – MAX REACTION CASE

STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF LATERALLY

PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS

LOAD COMBINATION FOR PILE LAYOUT

Moment Factor = 8.0m Pile Dia. = 1.2 m

Material Concrete M35 Density r 2.400t/m3

Applied loads Section 1 Details SLS Stress Check

Crack Widths at SLS Loads

SOIL STIFFNESS CALCULATION IDEALISATION OF PILE GROUP FOR LAND

BEHAVIOUR OF LATERALLY LOADED PILE

PILE CAP DESIGN

LOADS CALCULATED AS EARLIER…

Design for Shear

PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS PILE CAPACITY STRENGTH ANALYSIS

Moment due to piles (P1, P6)

a Distance of control perimeter ui from pier face

Two times of avg. Effective depth = 2d = 3.334 m

Calculation of Punching Shear

P ML MT M V Ed = 2166.4 t v Ed = V Ed = 88.08 t/m

3.6 Maximum Axial force on pile

V Ed Applied shear force

For eccentric loading

COLLAPSED PILE REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF PILE CAP

INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

DESIGN OF WELL FOUNDATION, INCLUDING

WELL FOUNDATION -GENERAL

• Not suitable for clay sand soils containing large boulders

Design of well foundation is carried out in the following steps.

ii) Due to udl, Mo Mm = qDo2(5+n) / 72*30.5