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Estimating & Costing

1. …… is a computation or calculation of the quantities required and expenditure likely to


be incurred in the construction of a work. Estimate
2. The primary object of the estimate is to enable one to know the ….. of the work
Probable cost
3. The drawings essentially to be enclosed with the preliminary estimate is
Site plan and line plan of building
4. The formal approval by the department concerned of the project proposal for incurring
the expenditure on a work initiated is Administrativesanction
5. ……means a full scheme consisting of detailed technical report, history, design data’s
and calculations, drawings specifications, rates etc. Project report
6. A large work or project may consist of several buildings or small works, and each of these
work is known as Sub work
7. Which term is used to describe the sub division in to which total cost of work is divided for
financial control and statistical convenience Subhead
8. Rates of various items of work and materials, rates of wages and transporting are given
in Scheduled of rates
9. The estimate prepared on the basis of plinth area multiplied by the height of building is
Cubical method
10. The most correct estimate is Detailed estimate
11. A percentage of………is added for contingencies, to allow for pretty contingent
expenditures , unforeseen expenditures , change in design, change in rates etc. which
may occur in execution of the work 3 to 5
12. In case of detailed estimate, after doing the total of all items a percentage of……… is
added for unforeseen items, change of design and provision of petty establishments.
3 to 5
13. For Sanitary and water supply works…...of the estimated cost of building is provided 8%
14. For Electrification..............of the estimated cost of building is provided 8%
15. For Electric fans ..............of the estimated cost of building is provided 4%
16. In building work for internal Electrification, sanitary and water supply works a % of about
of the estimated cost of building is provided 20%
17. In unsewered area an additional amount of about ….. to …. % of the building structure
may be required for the provision of septic tank etc. 3,4
18. What is the percentage of contractor’s profit added with rates of items 10%
19. The cost of external service work may vary from…..% depending on the nature and size
of the project 10 - 20
20. For work-charged establishment a percentage of …. to …. of the estimated cost is
included in the estimate. 1.5 , 2
21. When the original sanctioned estimate is exceeded or likely to exceed by more than
10% …….is used Revised estimate

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Estimating & Costing

22. When the cost of the estimate exceeds or likely to increase by …….....% or more, a
revised estimate is required to be prepared 10 %
23. The fresh detailed estimate of the additional work in addition to the original one is called
Supplementary estimate
24. The fresh detailed estimate of the additional work in addition to the original when further
development is required during the progress of the work Supplementary estimate
25. Determination of rate of an item of work from quantities of materials and labour
required and their cost is Analysis of rates
26. Excavated earth used in trench filling and plinth filling is included under a separate
item …… and paid at a lesser rate Return fill and ram or Backfill
27. An overcrowded, poverty-stricken area having inadequate open space and unhealthy
constructions Slums
28. HUDCO serves as Apex Control Agency for mobilization of financial resources for
Housing and urban development
29. The rules and regulations covering the requirements of buildings, ensuring safety of the
public through open space minimum size and height of rooms and area limitation are
known as Building bye-laws
30. The minimum vertical distance between low and medium voltage lines and buildings as
per building bye-laws 2.4metres
31. The quotient obtained by dividing the product total covered area on all the floors
and 100 by the area of the plot Floor Area Ratio
32. FSI indicates: Floor Space Index
33. The horizontal movements of users of buildings such as verandahs, passages, corridors,
balconies etc. are called Horizontal Circulation area
34. The area occupied by stair cases, lifts, and the entrance halls adjacent to them which
are required for the vertical movement of the users of the building is
Vertical circulation area
35. The built up covered area of a building measured at the floor level any storey
Plinth area
36. The area of building at its plinth level, excluding the area of open porch is called
Plinth area
37. Court-yard, open areas, balconies and cantilever projections are not included in …..
area Plinth
38. The total area of floor in between walls and consists of floor of all rooms, verandahs,
passages, corridors etc. are known as Floor area
39. Floor area of a building is equal to…. Plinth area - area occupied by the walls
40. For deduction of wall area from plinth area to obtain Floor area
41. Sills of doors and openings are not included in.................... Floor area

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Estimating & Costing

42. For an ordinary building without frame, the area occupied by wall may be …..% to
…..% of the plinth area 10,15
43. For a framed multistoried building the area occupied by wall may be …..% to.....% of
the plinth area 5,10
44. The useful area or livable area of building is known as Carpet area
45. The total floor area minus the circulation area of a building is Carpet area
46. The carpet area of a residential building may be …. % to …..% of the plinth area of a
building. 50, 65
47. The carpet area of an office building may be....% to….% of the plinth area of a building
60, 75
48. The target value of carpet area of a residential building may be ……..% of the plinth area
of a building 65
49. The target value of carpet area of an office building may be ……..% of the plinth area of
a building 75
50. The weight of one bag of cement 50kg
51. The volume of one bag of cement weighing 50kg is 0.0345 m3
52. One cubic meter of Portland cement weighs 1440 Kg
53. The unit weight of steel for RCC 7850kg
54. The density of mild steel is 7850kg / cum, 78.5 q /cum or 0.785 gram /cu cm
55. The equation used for finding out the weight per meter of round bars is
(Dia.of bar in mm)2 / 163 kg
56. The weight per meter of 6mm diameter bar is 0.22kg
57. The weight per meter of 8mm diameter bar is 0.39kg
58. The weight per meter of 10mm diameter bar is 0.39kg
59. The weight per meter of 12mm diameter bar is 0.89kg
60. The weight per meter of 16mm diameter bar is 1.58kg
61. For plastering with cement mortar 1:4, 12mm thick one coat, the sand required for 100m2
is 1.60m3
62. For plastering with cement mortar 1:4, 12mm thick one coat, the cement required for
100m2 is 0.40m3 (12 bags)
63. The art of determining the present value of a property is known as Valuation
64. The technique of estimating or determining the fair price or value of a property is known
as Valuation
65. The main purpose of valuations are (a) Buying or selling property (b) Taxation
(c)Rent fixation (d) Security of loans or Mortgage (e)Compulsory acquisition
66. The value of a property or structure become less by its becoming out of date in style, in
structure, design etc. are termed as Obsolescence
67. The expenses which are required to be incurred to maintain the revenue of the building
is Out goings

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Estimating & Costing

68. The various types of outgoings are


(a) Taxes (b) Repairs (c) Management and collection charges
(d) Sinking fund (e) Loss of rent (f) Miscellaneous
69. Net income = Gross income — Outgoings
70. The term used to implies carefully taking up or down and removing carefully without
damage Dismantling
71. The term used to implies taking up or down or breaking up without care Demolition
72. The total cost of construction of a project including land is called Capital cost
73. The total cost of construction including all expenditure incurred from the beginning up to
the end of the completion of the work is Capital cost
74. The capital cost of the building does not include Scrap value
75. The term used to denote the gradual reduction in the useful life of the asset is
Depreciation
76. (Original cost - Scrap value)/Life in years, gives Annual depreciation
77. If the payment of annuity is continued for indefinite period, it is termed as
Perpetual Annuity
78. Depreciation is not included under ……. Out goings
79. The fund which is gradually accumulated by way of periodic or annual deposit for the
replacement of the building or structure at the end of useful life,is termed as Sinking Fund
80. The value of dismantled materials is called Scrap Value
81. The scrap value of a building may be about …. of its total cost of construction 10%
82. The value at the end of the utility period without being dismantled is called
Salvage Value
83. The amount which can be obtained at any particular time from the open market, if the
property is put for sale Market Value
84. The amount shown in the account book after allowing necessary depreciations is
Book Value
85. The Municipal taxes of a property is .... %on the net income of that property 10 to 15
86. ……..is the total income and includes all receipts from various sources Gross income
87. While submitting a tender the contractor is to deposit an amount as a guarantee of
tender known as Earnest money deposit
88. Minimum area of window in W. C is 1/6th of the floor area of W.C
89. The volume of sand in a normal truck can carry per trip is approximately 4 - 5 m3
90. The standard width of asbestos cement corrugated sheet is 1.05 m
91. The capacity of doing work by an artisan or skilled labor in the form of quantity of work
per day is known as Task or Out turn work
92. The girth of the trees are to be measured at a height ....above the ground level lm
93. The standard size of a brick is 19cm X 9cm X 9cm

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