DJP80 QFNdocumnetof EIAReport

INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED
EIA REPORT
FOR
THE PROPOSED BULK LPG STORAGE &
BOTTLING FACILITY
“INDANE BOTTLING PLANT”

AT SIPCOT INDUSTRIAL GROWTH CENTRE,
GANGAIKONDAN VILLAGE, TIRUNELVELI TALUK &
DISTRICT, TAMILNADU
S CHEDULE 6(b)
COMPLIANCE TO STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR ISOLATED STORAGE &
HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS (AS PER THRESHOLD PLANNING
QUANTITY INDICATED IN COLUMN 3 OF SCHEDULE 2 & 3 OF MSIHC RULES
1989 AMENDED 2000)
A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE

S.
Terms of reference (TOR) Compliance
No.
1 Executive summary Executive summary of the project is given in

EIA report.
2 Introduction Introduction to the project is given in Section

1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 of the Chapter 1 (Page no.
1-2)
i. Details of the EIA Consultant Details of EIA Consultant’s Accreditation are

including NABET accreditation given in Chapter 11(Page no. 184) of EIA
Report.
ii. Information about the project Information about the project proponent is given
proponent in Section 1.3 of the Chapter 1(Page no. 2).
iii. Importance and benefits of the Importance of the project is given in Section
project 1.4.2 of Chapter 1(Page no. 2) and benefits of
the project are given in Chapter 9 (Page no.
170) of the EIA report.
3 i. Cost of project and time of Total project cost is Rs. 78.58 Crores (Section
completion. 2.15 of Chapter 2(Page no.31)). After obtaining
environmental clearance, M/s IOCL will start
storage of LPG and commence LPG bottling
plant.
ii. Products with capacities for the LPG throughput of 120000 MTPA through 2
proposed project. LPG filling Carousels. Details of the same are
given in Section 2.3 of the Chapter 2 (Page no.
17).
iii. If expansion project, details of Not Applicable. This is a new project.

existing products with capacities and
i
S.
No.
whether adequate land is available for

expansion, reference of earlier EC if
any.
iv. List of raw materials required and LPG for the proposed storage and bottling plant
their source along with mode of will be received through bullet trucks from M/s
transportation. Indian Oil Petronas Pvt. Ltd. (Athipattu,
Chennai). LPG will be stored in mounded
bullets of capacity 3 x 600 MT (total 1800 MT).
Details of the same are given in Section 2.5 and
2.6 of Chapter 2 (Page no. 19).
v. Other chemicals and materials No other chemicals and materials will be

required with quantities and storage required as the proposed plant is storage and
capacities bottling plant. Details of the same are given in
Section 2.5 and 2.6 of Chapter 2(Page no. 19).
vi. Details of emission, effluents, Details of emission, effluents, hazardous waste

hazardous waste generation and their generation and their management are given in
management. Section 2.10, Section 2.11 and Section 2.12 of
Chapter 2(Page no. 23-24).
vii. Requirement of water, power, with Requirement of water, power, with source of
source of supply, status of approval, supply and man-power requirement (regular and
water balance diagram, man-power contract) are given in Section 2.7, 2.8 and 2.9 of
requirement (regular and contract) Chapter 2 (Page no. 22-23) of the EIA Report.
viii. Process description along with Details of process description along with major
major equipments and machineries, equipments and machineries, process flow sheet
process flow sheet(quantitive) from raw are given in Section 2.4 of Chapter 2(Page no.
material to products to be provided 17).
ix. Hazard identification and details of Details of the hazard identification are given in
proposed safety system the Chapter 7(Page no. 98) as Risk Assessment.
Details of the safety system are given in Chapter
2.13 of Chapter 2(Page no. 24).
ii
S.
No.
x. Expansion/modernization proposals: Not Applicable. This is a new project.

a. Copy of all the Environmental
Clearance(s) including Amendments
thereto obtained for the project from
MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an
Annexure. A certified copy of the latest
Monitoring Report of the Regional
Office of the Ministry of Environment
and Forests as per circular dated 30th
May, 2012 on the status of compliance
of conditions stipulated in all the
existing environmental clearances
including Amendments shall be
provided. In addition, status of
compliance of Consent to Operate for
the ongoing Iexisting operation of the
project from SPCB shall be attached
with the EIA-EMP report.
b. In case the existing project has not Not Applicable. This is a new project.
obtained environmental clearance,
reasons for not taking EC under the
provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 However, IOCL obtained Consent to Establish
under water and Air Acts from TNPCB vide
and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be
provided. Copies of Consent to consent order No. 6045 & 5985 dated
18.09.2012. Consent to Operate under water Act
Establish/No Objection Certificate and
Consent to Operate (in case of units and Air Act was obtained from TNPCB vide
Consent Order No. 23108 & 19145 dated
operating prior to EIA Notification
2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) 07.04.2015 and valid upto 31.03.2016.
obtained from the SPCB shall be
submitted. Further, compliance report to
the conditions of consents from the
SPCB shall be submitted.
4 Site Details
iii
S.
No.
i. Location of the project site covering Details of project location are given in Section
village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and 1.5, Figures 1.2 to 1.5 of Chapter 1(Page no. 4).
State, Justification for selecting the site, Justification of site selection is given Section
whether other sites were considered. 1.4.2 of Chapter 1(Page no. 2).
ii. A toposheet of the study area of A toposheet of 10 km radius the study area is
radius of 10km and site location on given in Figure 1.4 of Chapter 1(Page no. 7) of
1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 the EIA report.
sheet. (including all ecosensitive areas
and environmentally sensitive places)
iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for Justification of site selection is given in Section
selection of site 5.2 of Chapter 5(Page no. 89) of EIA Report.
The Coordinates (Latitude and Longitude) are

8°49' 55.02" N and 77° 44' 50.50" E (NE), 8°49'
iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four
43.34" N and 77° 44' 49.47" E (SE), 8°49'
corners of the site.
47.11" N and 77° 44' 32.22" E (SW), 8°49'
54.98" N and 77° 44' 32.11" E (NW).
v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the Google map-Earth is given in Figure 1.1(Page

project site. no. 3) of Chapter 1 of the EIA report.
vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit This is proposed plant. Layout map of the
as well as proposed unit indicating project site is given in Figure 2.1, Chapter
storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, 2(Page no. 16) of the EIA report.
utilities etc. If located within an
Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout
of Industrial Area indicating location of
unit within the Industrial area/Estate.
vii. Photographs of the proposed and The photographs of the project site are given in
existing (if applicable) plant site. If Chapter 2 (Page no. 21) and Chapter 10(Page
existing, show photographs of plantation no. 177) of the EIA report.
/ greenbelt, in particular.
viii. Landuse break-up of total land of Landuse break-up of total land of the project
iv
S.
No.
the project site (identified and acquired), site is given in Section 2.2, Table 2.1 of Chapter
government/private - agricultural, forest, 2(Page no. 15).
wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc
shall be included. (not
ix. A list of major industries with name A list of industries within 10 km radius area is
and type within study area (10km given in Section 3.15.4 of Chapter 3(Page no.
radius) shall be incorporated. Land use 79) of the EIA report.
details of the study area
x. Geological features and Geo- Geological features and Geo-hydrological status

hydrological status of the study area of the study area are given in Section 3.5 of
shall be included. Chapter 3(Page no. 39) of the EIA report.
xi. Details of drainage of the project Drainage of the area is given in Section 3.4 of
upto 5km radius of study area. If the site Chapter 3(Page no. 39) of the EIA report.
is within 1 km radius of any major river,
peak and lean season river discharge as
well as flood occurrence
xii. Status of acquisition of land. If Details of the lease deed with SIPCOT for land
acquisition is not complete, stage of the ownership is given in Annexure VI
acquisition process and expected time of
complete possession of the land.
xiii. R&R details in respect of land in Not applicable

line with state Government policy
Forest and wildlife related issues (if Yes. Gangaikondan Spotted Deer Sanctuary falls
under 26-A (1) (b) of The Wildlife (Protection)
applicable):
Act, 1972.
5 i. Permission and approval for the use of Not applicable as no forest land is involved.
forest land (forestry clearance), if any,
and recommendations of the State
Forest Department. (if applicable)
ii. Landuse map based on High Not applicable as no forest land is involved.
resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the
v
S.
No.
proposed site delineating the forestland

(in case of projects involving forest land
more than 40 ha)
iii. Status of Application submitted for Not applicable as no forest land is involved.
obtaining the stage I forestry clearance
along with latest status shall be
submitted.
iv. The projects to be located within 10 NBWL clearance is under process.

km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Acknowledgement is attached as Annexure X.
Biosphere Reserves, Migratory
Corridors of Wild Animals, the project
proponent shall submit the map duly
authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden
showing these features vis-a-vis the
project location and the
recommendations or comments of the
Chief Wildlife Warden- thereon.
v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly Not applicable

authenticated by the Chief Wildlife
Warden of the State Government for
conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any
exists in the study area.
vi. Copy of application submitted for NBWL clearance is under process.

clearance under the Wildlife Acknowledgement is attached as Annexure X.
(Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing
Committee of the National Board for
Wildlife.
6 Environmental Status
i. Determination of atmospheric Details of site-specific, micrometeorological

inversion level at the project site and data using temperature, relative humidity,
site-specific micrometeorological data hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall are
vi
S.
No.
using temperature, relative humidity, in chapter 3(Page no. 35) of the EIA Report.
hourly wind speed and direction and
rainfall.
ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 Details of ambient air quality monitoring data
locations for PM 10 , PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 , are given in Section 3.10, Chapter 3 (Page no.
CO and other parameters relevant to the 47) of the EIA report.
project shall be collected. The
monitoring stations shall be based
CPCB guidelines and take into account
the pre-dominant wind direction,
population zone and sensitive receptors
including reserved forests.
iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement Details of ambient air quality monitoring data
for 12 weeks of all stations as per are given in Section 3.10, Chapter 3 (Page no.
frequency given in the NAQQM 47) of the EIA report.
Notification of Nov. 2009 along with -
min., max., average and 98% values for
each of the AAQ parameters from data
of all AAQ stations should be provided
as an annexure to the EIA Report.
iv. Surface water quality of nearby Details of surface water quality are given in
River (100m upstream and downstream Section 3.12 of the Chapter 3(Page no. 61) of
of discharge point) and other surface the EIA report.
drains at eight locations as per CPCB/
MoEF&CC guidelines.
v. Whether the site falls near to polluted No, the site does not fall near to polluted stretch
stretch of river identified by the of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC
CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details.
vi. Ground water monitoring at Details of ground water quality are given in
minimum at 8 locations shall be Section 3.12 of the Chapter 3 (Page no. 61) of
included. the EIA report.
vii
S.
No.
Details of noise measurement are given in

vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 Section 3.11 of the Chapter 3 (Page no. 56) of
locations within the study area. the EIA report
Details of soil characteristic are given in Section

viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB 3.13 of the Chapter 3 (Page no. 68) of the EIA
guidelines. report
ix. Traffic study of the area, type of Details of traffic study are given in Section
vehicles, frequency of vehicles for 3.10.7 of Chapter 3 (Page no. 55) of the EIA
transportation of materials, report.
x. Detailed description of flora and Details of description of flora and fauna are
fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in Section 3.14 of Chapter 3 (Page no. 72) of the
the study area shall be given with EIA report.
special reference to rare, endemic and
endangered species. If Schedule-
xi. Socio-economic status of the study Details of Socio-economic Status of the study
area. area are Section 3.15 of Chapter 3 (Page no. 74)
of the EIA report.
7 Impact and Environment Management Plan
i. Assessment of ground level There will not be process stack emissions from
concentration of pollutants from the the proposed LPG bottling plant and LPG
stack emission based on site-specific storage area. Adequate LPG gas monitoring
meteorological features. In case the sensors will be provided for detection of any
project is located on a hilly terrain, the leaks. Consequence analysis has been done for
AQIP Modelling shall be done using accidental release of LPG and presented in
inputs of the specific terrain Chapter 7 (Page no. 98) of EIA Report.
characteristics for determining the
potential impacts of the project on the
AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources
of emissions (including transportation)
on the AAQ of the area shall be
assessed. Details of the model used and
viii
S.
No.
the input data used for modelling shall

also be provided. The air quality
contours shall be plotted on a location
map showing the location of project site,
habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if
any.
ii. Water Quality modelling - in case of Not applicable as there will not be any
discharge in water body discharge into water body.
iii. Impact of the transport of the raw LPG will be transported through bullet trucks
materials and end products on the (from M/s IPPL) through roadways to the
surrounding environment shall be proposed bottling plant. Impact of bullet trucks
assessed and provided. In this regard, movement has been predicted and given in the
options for transport of raw materials Chapter 4 (Page no. 80) and Chapter 10 (Page
and finished products and wastes (large no. 173).
quantities) by rail or rail-cum road
transport or conveyor cum- rail transport
shall be examined.
iv. A note on treatment of wastewater Washing water generated from cylinder

from different plant operations, extent washing will be diverted to settling traps fitted
recycled and reused for different with clarifier. Treated water will be reused for
purposes shall be included. Complete cylinder washing. There will be no process /
scheme of effluent treatment. trade effluent generated during operation phase
Characteristics of untreated and treated of bottling plant. Details of the same are given
effluent to meet the prescribed standards in the Chapter 4 (Page no. 80) and Chapter 10
of discharge under E(P) Rules. (Page no. 173).
v. Details of stack emission and action No emissions will be generated during the
plan for control of emissions to meet operation of LPG bottling. Adequate sensors
standards. have been provided for detection of any leaks.
D.G sets & Fire Engines have been fitted with
stacks of adequate height to disperse the
pollutants in to the atmosphere as per CPCB
guidelines.
ix
S.
No.
vi. Measures for fugitive emission There will not be fugitive emissions from plant
control as it is storage and LPG bottling plant.
vii. Details of hazardous waste No hazardous waste will be generated from the
generation and their storage, utilization proposed LPG bottling plant. Used oil generated
and management. Copies of MOU from the DG sets maintenance will be disposed
regarding utilization of solid and through TNPCB/MoEF&CC authorized used oil
hazardous waste in cement plant shall recyclers.
also be included. EMP shall include the
concept of waste- minimization,
recycle/reuse/recover techniques,
Energy conservation, and natural
resource conservation.
viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be Not applicable as filling was required at the
ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, bottling plant
2009. A detailed plan of action shall be
provided.
ix. Action plan for the green belt At the proposed bottling plant 13.86 Acres has
development plan in 33 % area i.e. land been earmarked for green belt development,
with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. which is 33 % of total plot area. The green belt
Giving details of species, width of development plan is given in Section 10.3.6 of
plantation, planning schedule etc. shall Chapter 10 (Page no. 176) of the EIA Report.
be included. The green belt shall be
around the project boundary and a
scheme for greening of the roads used
for the project shall also be
incorporated.
x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting Rainwater harvesting details are given in sub
measures at plant site shall be submitted section 10.3.3.3 of Chapter 10 (Page no. 175) of
to harvest rainwater from the roof tops the EIA Report.
and storm water drains to recharge the
ground water and also to use for the
various activities at the project site to
x
S.
No.
conserve fresh water and reduce the

water requirement from other sources.
xi. Total capital cost and recurring Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for
cost/annum for environmental pollution environmental pollution control measures are
control measures shall be included. given in Section 10.6 of Chapter 10 (Page no.
183) of EIA Report.
xii. Action plan for post-project Action plan for post-project environmental
environmental monitoring shall be monitoring is given in Chapter 6 (Page no. 92)
submitted. of the EIA report.
xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural Details of Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural
and Man-made) Preparedness and and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency
Emergency Management Plan including Management Plan are given Chapter 8 of the
Risk Assessment and damage control. EIA report and Annexure VII.
Disaster management plan should be
linked with District Disaster
Management Plan.
8 Occupational health
i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the Details of the same are given in Chapter 10
occupational health & safety of all (Page no. 173) of the EIA report.
contract and casual workers.
ii. Details of exposure specific health Health check-up of working persons, for
status evaluation of worker. If the identifying occupational health hazards will be
workers' health is being evaluated by conducted during the operation phase. On-site
pre designed format, chest x rays, medical officer will be available 3 days/week
Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing for periodic health monitoring. Details of the
(Far & Near vision, colour vision and same are given in Chapter 10 (Page no. 173) of
any other ocular defect) ECG, during the EIA report.
pre placement and periodical
examinations give the details of the
same. Details regarding last month
analyzed data of above mentioned
xi
S.
No.
parameters as per age, sex, duration of

exposure and department wise.
iii. Details of existing Occupational & The proposed bottling plant will be operated
Safety Hazards. What are the exposure only after obtaining environmental clearance.
levels of hazards and whether they are Therefore, presently there is no occupational
within Permissible Exposure level safety hazard at the plant.
(PEL). If these are not within PEL, what
measures the company has adopted to
Safety measures for occupational safety hazard
keep them within PEL so that health of
the workers can be preserved, are given in Chapter 7 (Page no. 89) and chapter
9 (Page no. 170) of the EIA report.
iv. Annual report of heath status of Annual report of heath status of workers with
workers with special reference to special reference to Occupational Health and
Occupational Health and Safety. Safety will be done during the operation phase.
9 Corporate Environment Policy
i. Does the company have a well laid Yes, Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of
down Environment Policy approved by IOCL is available. Details of Safety Policy of
its Board of Directors? If so, it may be IOCL are given in Section 10.3.8 of Chapter 10
detailed in the EIA report. (Page no. 180) of EIA report
ii. Does the Environment Policy Yes, Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of
prescribe for standard operating process IOCL is given in Figure 10.2 (Page no. 180).
/ procedures to bring into focus any
infringement / deviation / violation of
the environmental or forest norms
/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in
the EIA.
iii. What is the hierarchical system or Details of are given Figure 10.3 of Chapter 10
Administrative order of the company to (Page no. 182).
deal with the environmental issues and
for ensuring compliance with the
environmental clearance conditions?
xii
S.
No.
Details of this system may be given.
iv. Does the company have system of Details of the reporting and monitoring system
reporting of non compliances / are given in Section 10.5 of Chapter 10 (Page
violations of environmental norms to the no. 182).
Board of Directors of the company and /
or shareholders or stakeholders at large?
This reporting mechanism shall be
detailed in the EIA report.
10 Details regarding infrastructure facilities Adequate facilities for sanitation and restroom
such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to rooms will be provided at the proposed bottling
be provided to the labour force during plant.
construction as well as to the casual
workers including truck drivers during
operation phase.
11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities

will be taken-up by proposed LPG Bottling
i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the plant and details are as given in Section 10.7 of
project cost) shall be earmarked towards Chapter 10 (Page no. 183).
the Enterprise Social Commitment
based on Public Hearing issues and Public Hearing is Exempted as per 7(i) III Stage
(3) (i) (b) of EIA notification, 2006. The plant is
item-wise details along with time bound
action plan shall be included. Socio- located in SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre,
Gangaikondan Village, Tirunelveli Taluk &
economic development activities need to
be elaborated upon. District which is a notified Industrial area. GO
declaring the same is enclosed as Annexure
VIII
12 Any litigation pending against the NGT case - 193 of 2015 (SZ).
project and/or any direction/order
passed by any Court of Law against the
project, if so, details thereof shall also
be included. Has the unit received any
notice under the Section 5 of
xiii
S.
No.
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or

relevant Sections of Air and Water
Acts? If so, details thereof and
compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and
present status of the case.
13 A tabular chart with index for point wise Complied

compliance of above TOR.
B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE

1 LPG will be only hazardous material to be
Details on list of hazardous chemicals to
stored at the proposed bottling plant. Details of
be stored along with storage quantities
the hazardous chemicals to be stored at the
at the facility, their category (as per
proposed bottling plant are given in Section 2.3
MSIHC Rules), MSDS.
and 2.5 of Chapter 2 (Page no. 17 & 19).
2 Mode of receiving hazardous chemicals LPG will be transported through bullet trucks
in isolated storages and mode of their (from M/s IPPL) through roadways to the
dispatch. proposed bottling plant.
3 Layout plan of the storage tanks and The site layout plan for the LPG storage and
other associated facilities. proposed bottling plant is Figure 2.1 of Chapter
2 (Page no. 16) of the EIA report.
4 Details on types and specifications of Details on specifications of the storage facilities

the storage facilities including tanks, including tanks, pumps, piping, valves, flanges,
pumps, piping, valves, flanges, pumps, pumps, monitoring equipments, etc are given in
monitoring equipments, systems for Chapter 2 (Page no. 15).
emissions control safety controls
including relief systems.
5 Arrangements to control loss/leakage of Please refer Section 2.13 of Chapter 2. At

chemicals and management system in present there are 35 Nos. GMS sensors that
case of leakage. have been installed, which is connected to a PC
in the control room for monitoring the leak
levels. The sensors will give initial alarm at
20% lower explosive limit (LEL) and
xiv
S.
No.
continuous alarm at 60% LEL so that the

leakage can be controlled before the
concentration of LPG reaches its LEL
6 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan
- Identification of hazards Details of the same are given in Chapter 7 (Page

no. 98).
- Consequence Analysis Details of the same are given in Chapter 7 (Page

no. 103)
- Details of domino effect of the storage Details of the same are given in Chapter 7 (Page
tanks and respective preventive no. 98).
measures including distance between
storage units in an isolated storage
facility.
-Onsite and offsite emergency Details of the same are given in Chapter 8 (Page
preparedness plan. no. 137 & 151) of EIA report and Annexure
VII
xv
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR
PROPOSED BULK LPG STORAGE & BOTTLING FACILITY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility (Indane LPG bottling plant) comprise bulk
LPG storage (1800 MT) and LPG throughput of 1,20,000 MTPA through 2 LPG Filling
carousels and is located on B37/pt to B43/pt, B50/pt, B51/pt, C30 to C41 in SIPCOT
Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan Village, Tirunelveli Taluk & District Tamil Nadu.
IOCL obtained Consent to Establish under water and Air Acts from TNPCB vide consent
order No. 6045 & 5985 dated 18.09.2012. Consent to Operate under water Act and Air Act
was obtained from TNPCB vide Consent Order No. 23108 & 19145 dated 07.04.2015 and
valid up to 31.03.2016. Final license from PESO, Nagpur was obtained for bulk LPG and
filling LPG vide approval S/HO/TN/03/1034 (S51373) dated 12.05.2015. Now, IOCL wants
to obtain post facto Environmental Clearance for the proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling
facility. The total area of the proposed bottling plant is 42 Acres. The final bottling capacity
of proposed LPG plant will be 1,20,000 MTPA.
Need For The Project And Its Importance
There is an urgent requirement of setting up a new LPG bottling plants in the state of Tamil
Nadu to meet the increasing LPG demand. Presently, there is no IOCL bottling plant in down
south of Madurai, i.e. in the districts of Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari and Nagercoil.
In order to overcome this problem, a bottling plant is very much necessary to be established
in Tirunelveli to cater to the customers in the above districts so that there would not be a
shortfall in supplies and customers will not suffer for LPG refills on any account.
The proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility will be feeding LPG cylinders not only to
Tirunelveli District, but also other to neighboring districts namely, Tuticorin, Nagercoil,
Kanyakumari, Virudunagar in Tamil Nadu and Trivandrum, Kerala State. The proposed LPG
bottling plant will reduce the gap in demand and supply of LPG.
The environmental settings of the project site are as given below:
S. No. Particulars Details

1 Latitude 8°49'50.10"N
2 Longitude 77°44'41.27"E
3 Site Elevation above MSL 60 m
4 Topography Plain
5 Present land use at the site Industrial
6 Nearest highway National Highway 7 – 850m (SE)
7 Nearest railway station Gangaikondan Railway Station – 4km (E)
8 Nearest airport Tuticorin Airport – 33.55 km (SW)
i

9 Nearest town / city Tirunelveli city – 13km (S)
10 Water body Tamirabarani river – 5.9km (SSE)
Gangaikondan kulam – 3.8km (ENE)
Indira kulam – 7km (NE)
Mannur pond – 11.3km (W)
Nainarkulam lake – 11.2km (SSW)
11 Nearest Port Tuticorin Port – 46km (ESE)
12 Hills / valleys Nil in 15km radius
13 Archaeologically important places Nil in 15km radius
14 National parks / Wildlife Gangaikondan Spotted Deer Sanctuary -
Sanctuaries/Eco sensitive zones as 1.2km (E)
per Wild Life Protection Act, 1972
15 Reserved / Protected Forests Gangaikondan RF – 91m (E)
Talaiyuthu RF – 919m (W)
Melpattam RF – 6.6km (S)
16 Seismicity Zone II according to the Indian Standard
Seismic Zoning Map
17 Defense Installations Nil in 15km radius
DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS
The proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility at SIPCOT Gangaikondan village will be
operated by IOCL. The plant will function primarily as LPG receipt, storage & bottling unit
for filling into various size cylinders. The plant operations are categorized as,
1. Receipt of product
• Receipt of bulk LPG from M/s IndianOil Petronas Pvt Ltd (M/s IPPL), a Joint
Venture Company of IOC through bullet trucks of 18 MT capacity each.
• Bullet Truck unloading through 8 Decanting Bays.
• Bulk LPG transfer from 8 bays to LPG storage bullets.
• Storage of bulk LPG in 3 x 600 MT (1800 MT) mounded type LPG bullets.
2. Receipt of empty LPG cylinders & segregation
• Empty cylinders will be received from Indane distributors
• Defective and unfit cylinders will be segregated for rectification/repairs.
• Only sound empty cylinders will be taken for filling.
i
3. Bottling
• Pumping of bulk LPG to Carousal type LPG filling machines (2x24 machines)
• Bottling of LPG in 5, 14.2, 19 and 47.5 kg capacity LPG cylinders.
• On-line Quality Control Checks like weight, leakage, etc on filled cylinders
4. Loading into trucks
• Sound filled cylinders will be loaded into trucks for distributors
• Statistical Quality Control Checks are carried out before despatches to markets
5. Distribution
• Loaded packed cylinders trucks will carry the filled cylinders to our authorised Indane
Distributors.
• Filled cylinders will be stored in Explosive Licensed LPG godowns.
• Distributors will carry filled cylinders to our customers, deliver the filled cylinders
after pre-delivery quality checks and take back empty cylinders from customers.
• Empty cylinders will be stored in LPG godowns and then brought back to bottling
plant for refilling.
Project Cost- The cost for setting up the LPG Bottling Plant at SIPCOT, Gangaikondan
village is estimated as Rs. 78.58 Crores.
II. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Primary baseline environmental monitoring studies were conducted during three months
from February 2015 to April 2015 and details are as follows:
METEOROLOGY - The maximum and minimum temperature recorded during the

study period is 34°C and 23°C. The relative humidity found varying from 60 to 83%. The
predominant winds are mostly from Northwest, Northeast and Southeast directions.
Maximum 63mm rainfall was recorded during study period.
AIR ENVIRONMENT To establish the baseline status of the ambient air quality in the
study area, the air quality was monitored at eight (8) locations. The maximum and
minimum values of Ambient Air Quality monitoring are given in the following table:
ii
PM
PM10,µg/m3 SO2,µg/m3 NOX,µg/m3
Locations 2.5,µg/m3
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
PM
PM10,µg/m3 SO2,µg/m3 NOX,µg/m3
Locations 2.5,µg/m3
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Project Site(AAQ1) 39 54 17.5 24.2 5.1 6.2 9.7 12.2
Gangaikondan(AAQ2) 43 57 20.4 26.5 6.7 8.3 11.8 16.4
Venkatasalapuram(AAQ3) 37 48 18.5 23.8 BDL(<5) 10.1 13.4
Alavanthankulam(AAQ4) 45 55 21.2 25.3 5.4 6.1 11.5 14.2
Kattalai(AAQ5) 35 46 17 22.8 BDL(<5) 9.1 11.9
Thalaiyuthu(AAQ6) 51 66 24.9 35.7 6.3 8.5 13.5 17.2
Nanjankulam(AAQ7) 40 53 18.8 23.9 BDL(<5) 10.2 12.6
Thathanuthu(AAQ8) 48 59 19.7 27.6 5.6 6.8 13.3 16.2
The results of the monitored data indicate that the ambient air quality of the region in
general is in conformity with respect to the norms of National Ambient Air Quality
standards (NAAQS) of CPCB, with present level of activities.
NOISE ENVIRONMENT - The noise monitoring has been conducted at seven (7)
locations in the study area. Project site recorded highest value of 52.1 dB (A) during day
time. The lowest noise level was found to be 40.9 dB (A) during night time. However the
noise levels are found to be well within the CPCB standards.
WATER ENVIRONMENT - Six (6) groundwater samples and two (2) surface water
samples within the study area were considered for assessment. The water samples were
collected and analyzed during 2015. The pH of ground water in the study area varies
between 6.66 and 7.82, Conductivity varies from 1012 to 2450 μS/cm, TDS values were
found to be from 588 to1327mg/L and Total Hardness varied from 135 – 570 mg/L. Total
alkalinity also varies from 125 to 410 mg/L. The concentration of sodium in the studied
samples varied from 97 to 265 mg/L. The potassium content ranged from 1 to 4.6 mg/L.
The chloride content in the studied area ranged from 139 - 478 mg/L. The sulphate,
nitrate and fluoride content in the ground water are found to be within the IS in all the
samples.
SOIL ENVIRONMENT - Seven locations within the study area were selected for soil
sampling. It has been observed that the pH of the soil was ranging from 1.62 to 7.78,
Conductivity of the soil ranges from 0.096 to 0.411 mS/cm. Since the EC value is less
than 2mS/cm, the soil is said to be non-saline in nature. Soil organic content varied from
0.56 to 1.02% which indicates the low level of organic matter.
iii
ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT - There are no endemic and endangered species of

flora within the study region. Gangaikondan Spotted Deer Sanctuary is within 5km
radius of the project site and there is no national park or bird sanctuary within the
15 km radius of the project site.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT - As per 2011 census the study area consists

of 71,148 persons inhabited in the study area of 10km radial distance from the periphery
of the proposed plant. The males and females constitute 35,476 and 35,672 of the study
area population respectively. The average household size of the study area is 3.72
persons. In the study area, 25.29% of the population belongs to Scheduled Castes (SC)
and 0.15% the population belongs to Scheduled Tribes (ST). The study area experiences
total literacy rate of 73.10%. As per 2011 census records, altogether the main workers
works out to be 43.86% of the total population. The non-workers constitute to 56.13of the
total population respectively.
III. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Ambient Air Environment - No emissions will be generated during the operations as the
entire bottling process will be carried out through close circuit piping from storage area to
filling shed. The only point sources of emissions will D.G sets & Fire Engines, which will be
operated intermittently. D.G sets & Fire Engines have been fitted with stacks of adequate
height to disperse the pollutants.
Impact on Water Environment - Total water requirement for the proposed LPG plant is 4
kld, which will be sourced through SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan village.
There is no requirement for drawl of surface / groundwater or diversion from other sources.
From the proposed bottling plant, 2.4 kld sewage will be generated, which will be disposed
through septic tanks & soak pits having dimensions 2 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m. Washing water
generated from cylinder washing will be diverted to sedimentation traps fitted with oil
separator & clarified waste water will be reused for cylinder washing. There will be no
process / trade effluent generated during operations.
Impact on Ambient Noise Environment - The only source of noise within the Bottling
Plant during D.G set operation and handling if cylinders and vehicular traffic. DG sets are
placed within acoustic enclosures. 33% of the plot area has been earmarked for greenbelt to
contain the spread of noise emissions.
Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation- No industrial solid waste will be generated during
iv
the bottling process. Damaged cylinders will be segregated & stored on site prior to disposal
as metal scrap. Used oil generated as hazardous waste from D.G set operation will
be disposed to TNPCB Authorized Used Oil Recyclers.
Details on Fire Protection System and Safety Measures - The leakage of LPG is monitored
through gas monitoring sensors (GMS) that has been installed at strategic points inside the
plant premises. At present there are 35 Nos GMS sensors that have been installed, which is
connected to a PC in the control room for monitoring the leak levels. The sensors will give
initial alarm at 20% lower explosive limit (LEL) and continuous alarm at 60% LEL so that
the leakage can be controlled before the concentration of LPG reaches its LEL. Fire water
storage tanks (3 x 2500 kld) have been provided at the bottling plant.
IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Tirunelveli LPG Bottling Plant shall be feeding domestic LPG not only to Tirunelveli
District, but also other neighboring Districts of Tuticorin, Nagercoil, Kanniyakumari,
Virudunagar in Tamil Nadu and Trivandrum, Kerala State. It is have positive impact on the
social-economic conditions of the area.
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Environmental monitoring plan for operation phases of the proposed bulk LPG storage and
bottling facilities has been prepared to ensure efficiency of implemented mitigation measures.
In order to implement the proposed environmental management program efficiently within
the organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines and mid course
corrections/actions, environmental cell will be established for successful implementation of
monitoring plan.
To monitor the health of people working in plant a doctor has also appointed who visits the
plant three times a week and free checkups are carried out for all the persons in the plant.
V. BENEFITS OF PROPOSED PROJECT

The proposed project shall yield following benefits:
• Presently, there are no IOCL bottling plants in down south of Madurai, i.e. in the
districts of Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari and Nagercoil. There is a backlog at
times during monsoon season and festival seasons. In order to overcome this problem, a
bottling plant is very much necessary to be established in Tirunelveli to cater to the
customers in the above districts so that there would not be a shortfall in supplies and
customers will not be affected on any account.
v
• Tirunelveli LPG Bottling Plant shall be feeding this essential commodity (domestic
LPG) not only to Tirunelveli District, but also other neighboring Districts of Tuticorin,
Nagercoil, Kanyakumari, Virudunagar in Tamil Nadu and Trivandrum, Kerala State.
• Improves the quality of life by overcoming the health implications arising due to the use
biomass fuel like wood, dung and crop residues.
• The overhead costs incurred during LPG cylinder transport through roads ( trucks) from
Madurai will be eliminated.
• There is an estimated saving of Rs. 14.48 Crores/annum to the nation towards logistic
cost.
VI. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

AIR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT
Adequate green belt has been developed on 13.86 Acres within the plant to mitigate the
pollution arising due to movement of vehicles. Regular monitoring of DG – Stack and
Ambient air quality monitoring will be carried out.
WATER ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

Sewage generated will be disposed through septic tanks & soak pits. Washing water
separator & clarified water will be reused for cylinder washing.
NOISE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

All noise generating equipment’s like LPG compressor, DG-Sets etc., will be provided with
acoustic enclosure to help in attenuating the noise levels thereby the ambient noise levels will
be maintained below the CPCB limits of 75 dB(A) for industrial areas.
SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

Municipal solid waste generated onsite will be disposed will be disposed through local
village body. Damaged cylinders and scraps will be sold to local scrap dealers. Used oil
generated will be disposed through TNPCB Authorized recyclers.
RAINWATER & STORM WATER DRAINAGE NETWORK

Sizes of rain water harvesting tanks are 2.5 mtr in diameter with depth of 5 mtrs and have
been filled with brick bats to collect the water in case of heavy rain. Size of rain water
harvesting tanks: - 2.5 mtr in diameter with depth of 5 mtrs.
vi
GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT
Green belt is being developed at 33% of total plot area. List of plants and the number of
samplings planted at the proposed bottling plant is given below in following table:
S. No. List of tree saplings Nos.

1 Neem Tree 230
2 Flame of the forest 210
3 Cassia fistula 535
4 Samanea saman 100
5 Teak 105
6 Indian almond 150
7 Pongamia pinnata 340
Total 1670
ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET – For implementation of environmental management plan and

monitoring plan capital cost and recurring cost per annum are as given below:
S. (Cost in lakhs rupee)

No. Description Recurring cost per
Capital cost
annum
1. Gardening / Horticulture 15 3.6
2. Rain water Harvesting 25 0.5
3. Septic tank / soak pits 5.5 0.6
4. Gas monitoring system 46 2.0
5. Vapour extraction unit 11.5 0.5
6. Monitoring of air and noise 25 0.5
pollution (acoustic
enclosure)
7. Water management– 14 0.5
cylinder washing unit and In
line bath
Total 142 Lakhs 8.2 Lakhs
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter # Title Page
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Executive Summary
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Identification of Project 1
1.3 Identification of Project Proponent 2
1.4 Brief description of Proposed Project 2
1.4.1 Nature, Location & Size of the Project 2
1.4.2 Need for the Project and its Importance 2
1.5 Approach Methodology 2
1.5.1 Location 2
1.5.2 Connectivity 5
1.5.3 Environmental settings 5
1.6 Approach methodology 9
1.6.1 Study period 10
1.7 Need for EIA 10
1.8 Scope & Methodology 10
1.8.1 Scope of EIA study 10
1.8.2 Methodology for EIA study 11
1.9 Site selection 11
1.9.1 Air Environment 11
1.9.2 Water Environment 12
1.9.3 Noise Environment 12
1.9.4 Land and Soil Environment 12
1.9.5 Biological Environment 13
1.9.6 Socio-Economic Environment 13
1.9.7 Likely Impacts on The Environment 14
1.9.8 Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 14
1.9.9 Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plan 14
1.10 Structure of EIA Report 14
2 Project Description
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 Land Requirement 15
2.3 Magnitude of Operation 17
2.4 Description of Process 17
2.5 Raw Material Requirements 19
2.6 Infrastructure at the Facility 19
2.6.1 Description of Mounded Bullets 20
2.7 Power Requirement 22
2.8 Manpower Requirement 22
2.9 Water Requirement 22
2.10 Pollution Control Measures Proposed 23
2.11 Wastewater Generation 24
2.12 Solid Waste Generation & Disposal 24
2.13 Details on Fire Protection System and Safety Measures 24
2.14 Rainwater and storm water drainage network 29
2.15 Project Cost 31
3 Description of Environment
3.1 Introduction 32
3.2 Scope of baseline study 32
3.3 Rainfall & Climate 35
3.4 Drainage 39
3.5 Geomorphology 39
3.6 Soil 40
3.7 Ground water scenario 40
3.8 Landuse 45
3.9 Seismicity 46
3.10 Air Environment 47
3.11 Noise Environment 56
3.12 Water Environment 61
3.13 Soil Environment 68
3.14 Ecological Environment 72
3.15 Socio-Economic Environment 74
Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation
4
Measures
4.1 Introduction 80
4.2.1 Impact on Topography 81
4.2.1.1 Impacts During Construction Phase 81
4.2.1.2 Impacts During Operation Phase 81
4.2.2 Impact on Regional Climate 81
4.2.3 Impact on Ambient Air Environment 81
4.2.4 Impact on Noise Environment 83
4.2.5 Impact on Water Environment 84
4.2.5.1 Water Requirement 84
4.2.6 Impact on Soil Environment 86
4.2.6 Land Use Pattern 87
4.2.7 Impact on Biological Environment 87
4.2.7.1 Impact on Forest & Wild Life 87
4.2.7.2 Impact on Aquatic Ecology 87
4.2.8 Impact on Socio-Economic Environment 88
4.3 Conclusion 88
5 Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site)
5.1 Introduction 89
5.2 Alternative Technology 89
5.3 Alternate site 89
5.4 Alternatives for LPG storage and filling facilities 90
5.5 Alternatives for risk reduction for LPG 90
6 Environmental Monitoring Program
6.1 Introduction 92
6.2 Environmental monitoring schedules 93
6.2.1 Ambient air quality(AAQ) monitoring 93
6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring 93
6.2.3 Noise Level Monitoring 93
6.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan 93
6.4 LPG Leak Detection Mechanism 96
6.5 Health, Safety & Environmental Management Cell 96
7 Risk Assessment Study
7.1 Introduction 98
7.2 Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification 98
7.3 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 98
7.4 Hazards from LPG storage and handling 99
7.4.1 Jet Fire 99
7.4.2 Vapour Cloud Explosion 99
7.4.3 Flash Fire 100
7.5 Hazardous conditions due to release of LPG 100
7.5.1 Thermal Effects 100
7.5.2 Delayed Ignition and Explosion 100
Identification of hazard for LPG unloading and storage and 101
7.6
filling
7.6.1 Categories of Hazards 101
7.6.2 Hazard Identification (HAZID) 101
7.7 Release and Outcome Scenarios 101
7.8 Consequence Analysis 103
7.8.1 Model Used For Consequence Analysis 104
7.8.2 Consequence Analysis for LPG Release Scenarios 104
7.8.2.3 Rupture of 18 MT Bullet Tanker 104
7.8.2.4 Rupture of 14.2 Kg LPG Cylinder 107
7.8.2.5 Release of SRV of Mounded Bullets of 600 MT 111
7.8.2.6 Release of LPG From Pump 113
7.8.2.7 Release of LPG From Compressor 115
7.9 Failure Frequency Data Base 118
7.9.1 Flanges 118
7.9.10 Pressure Vessel Failure Frequencies 119
7.9.11 Pumps Failure Frequencies 119
7.9.12 Probability of Ignition 119
7.10 Risk Reduction Measures 120
7.10.1 Risk Mitigation Measures 120
7.10.2 Mounded Bullets 121
7.10.3 Maintenance Schedules 123
7.10.4 Electrical Hazards 123
7.10.5 Fire Fighting Facilities 124
7.10.6 Control Room 127
7.10.7 Safety Audit and Inspection 127
7.10.8 Induction and Refresher Safety Trainings 128
7.10.9 Emergency Response Plan 128
7.10.10 Mock Drill Exercises 128
8 Disaster Management Plan
8.1 Introduction 129
8.2 Plant Data 131
Product Handled Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Licensed 131
8.2.1
Storage Capacity
8.2.2 Manpower Requirement 132
8.3 Policy, Objective & Authority of the plan 132
8.4 Plant Safety Committee 133
8.4.1 Purpose 133
8.4.2 Procedure 133
8.4.3 Bottling Process and Product Specifications 133
8.4.3.1 Specifications and Typical Characteristics of LPG 133
8.4.4 Other Important Properties 134
8.4.5 Hazardous Substance 134
8.5 Concept of Emergency Operation 135
8.5.1 Assumptions 135
8.5.2 Situations 135
8.6 Hazards 136
8.6.1 Hazards of LPG 136
8.6.1.1 Health Hazards 136
8.6.1.2 Fire Hazards 136
8.6.1.3 Other Hazards 136
8.7 Coping Mechanism 136
8.7.1 Coping within the Industry 136
8.7.2 Coping Mechanism at Community Level 137
8.8 Emergency Preparedness 137
8.8.1 On Site Emergency Plan for the Plant 137
8.8.1.1 Procedure for Meeting the Emergency 137
8.8.1.2 Maintenance of Equipments / Facilities Supplies 139
8.8.1.3 Fire Organization Chart 140
Action Plan for Raising Emergency Alarm and 144
8.8.1.4 Communication to Various Agencies (During Working
Hours) Alarm
8.8.1.5 Action Plan in Case of LPG Leakage 145
8.8.1.6 Action Plan in Case of Cylinder Fire 145
8.8.1.7 Action Plan in Case of Electrical Fire 145
Action Plan for Gas Leak Fire beyond Normal Working 145
8.8.1.8
Hours Alarm
8.8.1.9 Assignment of Responsibilities 146
8.8.1.10 Public Information on Site Emergency Response Plan 148
8.9 Off-site emergency plan 150
8.10 Plant Maintenance and Distribution 150
8.10.1 Internal Distribution 150
8.10.2 External Distribution 150
8.11 Public Information 151
8.11.1 Off-Site Emergency Response Plan 151
8.11.2 Off-Site Emergency Plan for the Surrounding Areas 151
8.11.3 Off-Site Emergency Response Plan Bulk LPG Bullet Trucks 155
8.11.4 Nature Hazards 159
8.11.4.1 Action Plan for High Winds 159
8.11.4.2 Action Plan for Floods 159
8.11.4.3 Action Plan Earthquake 160
8.11.5 Social Emergencies 160
8.11.5.1 Action Plan for Water / Food Poisoning Symptoms 160
8.11.5.2 Bomb Threat 160
8.11.5.3 In The Location Premises 160
8.11.5.4 If The Suspected Object is Found 161
8.11.5.5 Recovery 162
8.11.6 Government Private Agency Co ordination 166
9 PROJECT BENEFITS
9.2 Direct Benefits 170
9.3 Improvement In The Social Infrastructure 171
9.4 Employment Potential 171
9.5 Reduction Of Emissions 171
9.6 Other Tangible Benefits 171
10 Environmental Management Plan
Environmental Management Plan During Construction 173
10.2
Phase
10.2.1 Site Preparation 173
10.2.2 Sanitation 173
10.2.3 Construction Equipment & Wastes 173
10.2.4 Storage of Hazardous Materials 174
10.2.5 Hazardous Waste Disposal 174
10.3 Environmental Management Plan During Operation Phase 174
10.3.1 Air Environment 174
10.3.2 Fugitive Emission 174
10.3.3 Water Environment 175
10.3.3.1 Waste Water Generation 175
10.3.3.2 Waste Water Treatment & Disposal 175
10.3.3.3 Rain Water Harvesting 175
10.3.4 Noise Environment 175
10.3.4.1 Sources of Noise 175
10.3.4.2 Control of Noise175 175
10.3.5 Solid waste manage175ment 176
10.3.6 Green Belt Development 176
10.3.7 Safety and Fire Fighting 178
10.3.7.1 Safety 178
10.3.7.2 Fire Fighting Facilities 178
10.3.7.3 Safety Organization 179
10.3.7.4 Security 179
10.3.7.5 Safety & Environmental Audit 179
10.3.7.6 Occupational Safety and Health 179
10.3.7.7 Tool & Tackles 179
10.3.7.8 Preventive Maintenance & Planned Inspection 179
10.3.8 Safety, Health & Environmental Policy of IOCL 180
10.4 Environment Management Cell 181
10.5 Reporting And Monitoring System 182
10.6 Budgets For Implementation Of EMP And Monitoring Plan 183
10.7 Corporate Social Responsibility 183
11 Disclosure of Consultant
11.2 Services Of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 185
11.3 Sectors Accredited by NABET 186
11.4 Study Team 186
LIST OF ANNEXURES
Annexure Title
I TOR
II Consent To Establish (CTE)
III Consent To Operate (CTO)
IV PESO License
V TN Fire & Rescue Services NOC
VI Lease Deed
VII Risk Assessment Report & Disaster
Management Plan
VIII Notification Declaring SIPCOT,
Gangaikondan as Notified Industrial
Area
IX Geotechnical Investigation Report
X Status of NBWL clearance
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Title Page
1.1 Google Image of the Project Site 3
1.2 Map showing the location of the project site 4
1.3 Map showing connectivity around the project site 6
1.4 Topo sheet (5km & 10km surrounding project site) 7
1.5 Landuse classification map (5km & 10km surrounding project site) 8
2.1 Site layout 16
2.2 Process flow chart 19
2.3 Photograph of mounded bullet 21
2.4 Photograph of mounded bullet 21
2.5 Water Balance Chart 23
2.6 Firewater storage tanks 24
2.7 Fire Hydrant Layout 28
2.8 Storm Water Layout 30
3.1 Average Rainfall of last five years 35
3.2 Wind rose for the month of February 2015 36
3.3 Wind rose for the month of March 2015 37
3.4 Wind rose for the month of April 2015 38
3.5 Drainage Map (10 km) of the Project 39
3.6 Hydrogeology Map of Tirunelveli District 42
3.7 Map Showing depth to water level in Pre-monsoon 43
3.8 Map Showing depth to water level in Post-monsoon 44
3.9 Land Use/ Land Cover Map within 10 km of the Project Site 46
3.10 Map showing seismic tectonic zone 46
3.11 Map Showing Air Quality Monitoring Locations 50
3.12 Map showing the location of Noise level monitoring stations 59
3.13 Map showing Water quality monitoring locations 62
3.14 Map showing the location soil sampling stations 69
6.1 Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL 97
7.1 Intensity Rdaii for Fireball for 18MT Bullet Truck 105
7.2 Late Explosion Worst Case Radii for 18MT Bullet Truck 106
7.3 Flash Fire due to rupture for 18MT Bullet Truck 107
7.4 Intensity Radii for Fireball for 14.2kg LPG Cylinder 108
7.5 Late Explosion Worst Case 14.2kg LPG Cylinder 109
7.6 Flash Fire due to rupture for 14.2MT Bullet Truck 110
7.7 Thermal Intensity from jet fire due to release from SRV 111
7.8 Flash fire Envelope distance 113
7.9 Radiation Vs Distance from Jet Fire due to release from pumps 114
7.10 Flash Fire Envelope due to release from pump 115
7.11 Radiation Vs Distance from Jet Fire due to release from Compressor 116
7.12 Flash Fire Envelope due to release from Compressor 117
10.1 Greenbelt being developed at proposed LPG Botting plant 177
10.2 Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL 180
10.3 Environmental Management Cell 182
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
1.1 Environmental Settings of the Project Site 9
2.1 Land Use Breakup 15
2.2 LPG Throughput 17
2.3 Mass Balance for LPG Bottling Throughput 19
2.4 List of Equipments / Facilities & Number 20
2.5 Details of D.G sets 22
2.6 Manpower Requirements 22
2.7 Water Balance Table 22
2.8 Details on Air Pollution Control Equipment 23
2.9 List of Fire Protection Equipments 26
3.1 Environmental Attributes 32
3.2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology 33
3.3 Aquifer Parameters 42
3.4 Land Use Classification 45
3.5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 48
3.6 Techniques Used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 51
3.7 Summary of Ambient Air Quality Result 52
3.8 Noise Quality monitoring stations 57
3.9 Ambient Noise Level 60
3.10 Ambient Noise Quality Standards 60
3.11 Water quality monitoring locations 61
3.12 Results for Water Analysis 63
3.13 Soil Sampling Locations 69
3.14 Soil Quality Results 70
3.15 Standard Soil Classification 71
3.16 List of Flora Observed In the Study Area 73
3.17 List of Fauna Observed in the Study Area 73
3.18 Reserve Forests within 10 Km Radius of the Project Site 74
3.19 Distribution of Population in the Study Area 76
3.20 Distribution of Population by Social Structure 77
3.21 Distribution of Literate and Literacy Rates 78
3.22 Occupational Structure 78
6.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Proposed LPG Bottling Plant 94
6.2 Responsibilities of Personnel of the HS&E Cell 97
7.1 Damage Effects Due to Overpressure 101
7.2 Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures 101
7.3 Hazard Categories 102
7.4 Selected Scenarios for Consequence Analysis 103
7.5 Frequencies of Flange Failure 118
7.6 Frequencies of Valves and Flange Failure 118
7.7 Frequencies of Pressure Vessel Failure 119
7.8 Frequencies for Leakage of Pump 119
7.9 Probabilities of Ignition for Leaks of Flammable Fluids 120
8.1 Contact Details of IOCL Plant 131
8.2 Specifications and Typical Characteristics of LPG 133
8.3 Government Private Agency Co-ordination 166
10.1 Details on Greenbelt Plantation 176
10.2 Budget for Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Plan 183
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND
M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Ltd is an Indian state-owned oil and gas corporation with its
headquarters in New Delhi. IOCL has set up LPG bottling plant i.e. Tirunelveli Bottling Plant
with a LPG bottling capacity of 1,20,000 MTPA at SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre,
Gangaikondan village in Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu State.
Proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility (Indane LPG bottling plant) comprise bulk
LPG storage (1800 MT) and LPG throughput of 1,20,000 MTPA through 2 LPG Filling
carousels and is located on B37/pt to B43/pt, B50/pt, B51/pt, C30 to C41 in SIPCOT
Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan Village, Tirunelveli Taluka & District Tamil Nadu.
IOCL obtained Consent to establish under water and Air Acts from TNPCB vide consent
order No. 6045 & 5985 dated 18.09.2012 (Annexure II). Consent to Operate under water Act
and Air Act was obtained from TNPCB vide Consent Order No. 23108 & 19145 dated
07.04.2015 and valid upto 31.03.2016 (Annexure III). Final license from PESO, Nagpur was
obtained for bulk LPG and filling LPG vide approval S/HO/TN/03/1034 (S51373) dated
12.05.2015 (Annexure IV). Now, IOCL wants to obtain post facto Environmental Clearance
for the proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility.
Due to absence of SEIAA in Tamil Nadu state, Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate
Change (MOEF&CC) considered the proposed project for TOR finalization during 44th
Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry-2) meeting held during 20-21st July,
2015. The Expert Appraisal Committee prescribed the specific and additional TOR in
addition to generic TOR provided at for preparation of EIA/EMP. The EIA report has been
prepared as per Standard TOR (Annexure I).
1.2. IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT
Blended LPG dosed with mercaptan will be transported through bullet trucks from M/s
Indian Oil Petronas Pvt. Ltd. to the proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility. The
proposed bottling plant has a storage capacity of 1800 MT (3 x 600MT) installed as three
mounded bullets. The bottling plant will be operated as storage of LPG & packing facility for
LPG into 5kg, 14.2kg, 19kg & 47.5kg cylinders. No by-products / additional products will be
generated / manufactured during the operations. The bottling capacity of proposed bulk LPG
storage & bottling facility will be 1,20,000 MTPA with two LPG cylinder filling carousels
each having 24 filling machines within the plant.
1
1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT
IOCL is the world's 88th largest corporation, according to the Fortune Global 500 list, and the
largest public corporation in India when ranked by revenue. IOCL is the highest ranked
Indian company in the latest Fortune ‘Global 500’ listings, ranked at the 96th position. IOCL
is one of the seven Maharatna status companies of India.
1.4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

1.4.1 Nature, Location & Size of the Project
IOCL’s Indane Bottling Plant located at S.F Nos. B37/pt to B43/pt, B50/pt, B51/pt, C30 to
C41, C24/pt to C27/pt at SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan village,
Tirunelveli Taluk & District, Tamil Nadu. LPG will store bulk LPG in mounded bullets (3 x
600 MT storage capacities). The final bottling capacity of proposed LPG plant will be
1,20,000 MTPA.
1.4.2 Need for the Project and Its Importance
There is an urgent requirement of setting up a new LPG bottling plant in the state of Tamil
Nadu to meet the increasing LPG demand. Presently, there is no IOCL bottling plant in down
south of Madurai, i.e. in the districts of Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari and Nagercoil.
In order to overcome this problem, a bottling plant is very much necessary to be established
in Tirunelveli to cater to the customers in the above districts so that there would not be a
shortfall in supplies and customers will not suffer for LPG refills on any account.
The proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility will be feeding LPG cylinders not only to
Tirunelveli District, but also other to neighboring districts namely, Tuticorin, Nagercoil,
Kanyakumari, Virudunagar in Tamil Nadu and Trivandrum, Kerala State. The proposed LPG
bottling plant will reduce the gap in demand and supply of LPG.
1.5. SITE CHARACTERISTICS

1.5.1 Location
The Google Earth image showing the project site is given in Figure 1.1. The location of
project site is represented in the Figure 1.2.
2
Figure 1.1: Google Image of the Project Site
3
Figure 1.2 : Map Showing the Location of the Project site
4
1.5.2 CONNECTIVITY
The project site is well connected by road and rail network. The project site is located
adjacent to NH 7 which connects Varanasi & Kanyakumari. Gangaikondan Railway Station
is located at the distance of 4 km (E). Tuticorin Airport is located at the distance of 33.55km
(SW). The map showing the road network around the site is given in Figure 1.3.
1.5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS
The area of the Bottling Plant is around 42 Acres. The topography and land use of the project
site and its surroundings area covering 10 km radius are given in Figures 1.4 & 1.5
respectively. Environmental settings are presented in Table 1.1.
5
Figure1.3 : Map Showing the Connectivity around the Project Site
6
Figure 1.4: SOI Toposheet (5km & 10km Surrounding Project Site)
7
Figure 1.5: Land Use (5km & 10km Surrounding Project Site)
8
Table 1.1 : Environmental Settings of the Project Site

1 Latitude 8°49'50.10"N
2 Longitude 77°44'41.27"E
3 Site Elevation above MSL 60 m
4 Topography Plain
5 Present land use at the site Industrial
6 Nearest highway National Highway 7 – 850m (SE)
7 Nearest railway station Gangaikondan Railway Station –
4km (E)
8 Nearest airport Tuticorin Airport – 33.55 km (SW)
9 Nearest town / city Tirunelveli city – 13km (S)
10 Water body Tamirabarani river – 5.9km (SSE)
Gangaikondan kulam – 3.8km (ENE)
Indira kulam – 7km (NE)
Mannur pond – 11.3km (W)
Nainarkulam lake – 11.2km (SSW)
11 Nearest Port Tuticorin Port – 46km (ESE)
12 Hills / valleys Nil in 15km radius
13 Archaeologically important Nil in 15km radius
places
14 National parks / Wildlife Gangaikondan spotted deer Sanctuary
Sanctuaries/Eco sensitive - 1.2km (E)
zones as per Wild Life
Protection Act, 1972
15 Reserved / Protected Forests Gangaikondan RF – 91m (E)
Talaiyuthu RF – 919m (W)
Melpattam RF – 6.6km (S)
16 Seismicity Zone II according to the Indian
Standard Seismic Zoning Map
17 Defense Installations Nil in 15km radius
1.6. APPROACH METHODOLOGY
The primary objective of the EIA study is to internalize and integrate the environmental
concerns / aspects and mitigation measures due to proposed LPG bottling plant.
The EIA study for proposed LPG bottling plant has been carried out with the following
objectives:
 Collection of baseline attributes in study area. The EIA will cover one season baseline
environmental data, as per the guidelines of MoEF&CC. The scope includes collection
9
of baseline data to identify the various environmental parameters such as air, water,
soil, noise levels, socio - economic factors, land use factors, the status of the flora-
fauna and wildlife in the adjoining areas of the proposed project site.
 Identification, prediction, evaluation & mitigation of biophysical, social & other
relevant effects of development on the environment during the operational phase of the
proposed LPG plant using mathematical / simulation models as per applicable Indian
law.
 Preparation of risk assessment & emergency preparedness / disaster management plan
for the project.
 Preparation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for mitigation of
the anticipated adverse impacts of the LPG Plant during operational phase.
 Delineation of the post project environmental quality monitoring program as per the
requirements of the regulatory authorities.
1.6.1 Study Period
For preparation of EIA report for the proposed LPG bottling plant, the data was collected
during the season (February 2015 to April 2015) from the study area. The micro climatic
parameters were recorded using automatic weather station for the study period. Wind speed,
wind direction and relative humidity were recorded on hourly basis. Minimum & maximum
temperatures were also recorded during the study period.
1.7. NEED FOR EIA
As per EIA Notification S.O. No 1533 issued on 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent
amendments the proposed project is falling under Schedule 6(b) – Isolated storage &
handling of hazardous chemicals and ‘Category B’. Hence this project requires
Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC. Accordingly, the EIA Report has been prepared
based on the Standard Terms of Reference issued for “Isolated Storage & Handling of
Hazardous Chemicals” (as per threshold planning quantity indicated in Column 3 of Schedule
2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended 2000).
1.8. SCOPE & METHODOLOGY

1.8.1 Scope of EIA study
An area of 10 km radius from the LPG bottling plant has been considered as the general study
area for conducting detailed studies / baseline data generation. 10 Km radius map of the study
area on google earth and survey of India toposheet are shown in Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.4,
respectively.
The scope of the EIA study is as follows:
• To undertake environmental monitoring so as to establish the baseline environmental

status of the environmental components;
10
• To identify pollution loads due to various activities;

• To evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in the
study area by using widely accepted environmental impact assessment methodologies.
• To prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining the measures for
improving the environmental quality and for environmentally sustainable development.
• To prepare post project monitoring plan to monitor the changes in the environmental
quality after the implementation of the project.
1.8.2 Methodology for EIA Study
To assess the baseline status of environment, monitoring locations were selected, keeping in
mind the micro-meteorology, season and existing sources of pollution in the area. Different
environmental attributes for their various parameters were monitored and analyzed during the
study period (February 2015 to April 2015). Secondary data collected from different Govt.,
Semi-Govt. Agencies and other agencies were compiled, interpreted and presented. The
scope of the study also includes a detailed characterization of various environmental
components like air, noise, water, meteorology soil, ecology (flora & fauna) and socio-
economic conditions within an area of 10 km radius around the proposed LPG bottling plant
site.
1.9. SITE SELECTION
The IOCL proposes LPG bottling plant in SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan
Village, Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu state, which is located in the industrial area.
Gangaikondan spotted deer sanctuary is within 5km radius of the Project site and there
is no other national parks and bird sanctuaries, etc. within 10 km radius of the proposed
LPG plant site.
1.9.1 Air Environment

Ambient air quality data within 10 km radius were collected during the study area period.
Taking into account micrometeorological conditions, sampling sites were identified.
Fugitive emissions in the work zone environment and storage area were monitored. The
project is not expected to increase atmospheric concentration of gases & will not result in
heat islands. In this bottling plant, no chemical process is involved. It will involve, receipt,
storage and bottling of LPG. This LPG from bullets will be subsequently filled to LPG
cylinders.
Seven ambient air quality monitoring stations were selected within the study area, one
monitoring station at proposed LPG plant site and six monitoring stations located around the
proposed LPG plant. The parameters selected for ambient air quality monitoring are
respirable particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen dioxide
11
(NO 2 ), hydro carbon (HC), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), all the parameters were
monitored on 24 hour cycle
1.9.2 Water Environment
Information on water resources was collected during the study period. The critical parameters
of prime importance were selected and analyzed under physical and chemical (inorganic and
organic), aspects. Ground and surface water samples were collected from different locations.
Approximately 4 KLD of water will be required for domestic and sanitation purposes. There
will not be any diversion of water from other users due to proposed plant. Rain water
harvesting facilities will be provided to collect the annual rainfall. Storm water will be
connected to the rainwater harvesting system. Plumbing will be done in such a way that waste
water is used for gardening at the plant.
1.9.3 Noise Environment
Noise pollution may cause an adverse effect on human beings and associated environment
including land, domestic animals, wild life and natural ecological systems. Hence, noise level
surveys were carried out at proposed LPG plant site and at different locations within the
study area around the project. The measurements were taken at proposed LPG plant
boundaries, residential places like villages and noise sensitive areas like schools, hospitals
etc.
The physical description of sound concerns to its loudness as a function of frequency. Sound
pressure levels (SPL’s) are measured in decibels on the A-weighted scale, dB (A), where the
A-weighting scheme accounts for the sensitivities of the human ear over the audio spectrum.
1.9.4 Land and Soil Environment
The studies were undertaken to characterize and describe the land environment and various
components in terms of land use and cropping patterns, physico-chemical properties of soils
etc. Soil samples were collected and analyzed.
The silent features around the proposed LPG bottling plant site are given below (site key plan
enclosed):
• Total plot area is 42 Acres of which greenbelt will be developed in 13.86 Acres
• There is no likely impact of the proposed activity on the existing facilities adjacent to the
site, such as open spaces, community facilities, details of the existing land use,
disturbance to the local ecology.
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• There will not be any land disturbance resulting in erosion, subsidence & instability.
• This project will not involve alteration of natural drainage systems.
• Based on the contour of the site, it will involve removal of top soil and cutting and filling
based on the proposed facilities requirement and drainage scheme, which will be done at
the detailed engineering stage. Excavated soil will not be transported outside and will be
utilized within the site.
• There are no wet lands around the site and only industries are mainly located in the
vicinity.
1.9.5 Biological Environment
The study of biological environmental was based on physical observations of the species in
the study area. The Functional Area Expert and supporting team visited the area and collected
the data on flora and fauna, forestry and wildlife, as well as the avian scenario of the project
study area.
1.9.6 Socio-economic Environment
Compilation and collection of requisite type of socio-economic environment data were

undertaken, such as, demographic pattern, population density per sq km and economic status,
educational facilities, medical facilities, health status transport and communication,
entertainment etc. Socio-economic data were collected from villages falling within a radius of
10 km of the study area also.
1.9.7 Likely Impacts on The Environment
The proposed LPG plant of IOCL involving the storage and filling of LPG cylinders, can
directly or indirectly affect the environment, so the following environmental dimensions have
been studied in detail to analyze the resulting impact on environment as a whole:
• Air Environment
• Noise Environment
• Water Environment
• Land Environment
• Biological Environment
• Socio Economic Environment
The assessment of above environmental impacts have been carried out and discussed in the
subsequent chapters of EIA Report. Accordingly, various safeguards have been suggested to
ensure that the potential impacts are mitigated and conform to the prescribed limits.
13
1.9.8 Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
The project will involve storage of Bulk LPG, filling and supplying of LPG Cylinders. The
EIA study will suggest measures to mitigate adverse environmental impacts from project
operations. Mitigation or enhancement measures will be recommended for various
environmental components, wherever considered necessary. EMP will describe pollution
control measures for air, water and noise, ecology as well as management of solid wastes, if
any.
Environmental Management Plan will also reviews the adequacy of various pollution control
measures envisaged in mitigating various environmental impacts identified. EMP has been
prepared describing administrative aspects of ensuring that mitigative measures are
implemented and their effectiveness is monitored.
1.9.9 Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plan
Risk is defined as the unwanted consequences of a particular activity in relation to the

likelihood that this may occur. Risk Analysis thus comprises of two variables, magnitude of
consequences and the probability of occurrence of accident. The DMP followed by Risk
Analysis from proposed LPG bottling plant has been prepared, which will help in identifying
the vulnerable points and possible hazards. For meeting the emergencies caused by major
accidents, planning response strategies are termed as Disaster Management Plans (DMPs).
Risk analysis and disaster management plant have been prepared and incorporated in EIA
Report.
1.10. STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT
The generic structure of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study for proposed
LPG bottling plant is as follows,
Executive Summary in the beginning

Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Project Description
Chapter 3: Description of the environment – present scenario of the land, soil, air,
meteorology, water, noise, biology and socio - economic environment
Chapter 4: Anticipated environmental impacts and its mitigation measures
Chapter 5: Alternative Analysis
Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Plan
Chapter 7: Risk Assessment
Chapter 8: Disaster Management Plan
Chapter 9: Project Benefits
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan
Chapter 11: Disclosure of Consultants
14
CHAPTER 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
IOCL has set up the Bulk LPG Storage & Bottling Facility plant at SIPCOT Industrial
Growth Centre near Gangaikondan village in Tirunelveli district. The plant will function
primarily as LPG receipt, storage & bottling unit for filling into domestic and industrial
cylinders. The plant will store LPG in 3 mounded bullets of 600 MT capacity each and total
LPG bottling throughput will be 1,20,000 MTPA. The proposed bottling throughput will be
achieved by installing two LPG cylinder filling carousels each having 24 filling machines
within the plant.
2.2 LAND REQUIREMENT
The total area occupied by proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility is approximately 42
Acres and has been leased to M/s Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. The LPG plant layout is
represented in Figure 2.1.
The land use break-up is given in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: Land Use Breakup

S. No. Land use parameter Area
1. Plant building area 1.73 Acres
2. Non-plant building area 2.26 Acres
3. LPG Storage area 0.8 Acres
4. Truck Parking Area 6.7 Acres
5. Driveway & pathway area 1.48 Acres
6. Future expansion area 8 Acres
7. Green belt development area 13.86 Acres
8. Open area 7.17 Acres
9. Total Area 42 Acres
15
Figure 2.1: Site Layout Plan
16
2.3 MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION
The proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility has a consented LPG bottling throughput
of 1,20,000 MTPA and bulk LPG storage capacity is total 1800 MT (3 mounded bullets x
600MT capacity). LPG throughput details are given in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2 : LPG Throughput

Bulk LPG storage facility LPG bottling throughput
3 x 600 MT (mounded bullets) 1,20,000 MTPA
Prior to commencing construction activities IOCL have obtained Consent to Establish from
Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) vide Consent Order No. 6045 & 5985 dated.
18.09.2012 (enclosed as Annexure II). Subsequently IOCL obtained Consent to Operate
from TNPCB vide Consent Order No. 23108 & 19145 dated 07.04.2015 and valid upto
31.03.2016 (enclosed as Annexure III).
M/s IOCL have also obtained Petroleum & Explosives Safety Organization (PESO) License
for the mentioned quantity of LPG storage (enclosed as Annexure IV) and NOC from Tamil
Nadu Fire & Rescue Services, Tirunelveli Circle (enclosed as Annexure V).
2.4 DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS
The proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility at SIPCOT Gangaikondan village will be
operated by IOCL. The plant will function primarily as LPG receipt, storage & bottling unit
for filling into various size cylinders. The plant operations are categorized as,
1. Receipt of LPG
a. Transfer of LPG from M/s Indian Oil Petronas Pvt. Ltd. (M/s IPPL) through bullet trucks
b. Truck unloading
c. LPG transfer to storage bullets
d. Storage of LPG in bullets
2. Receipt of Empty LPG Cylinders & Segregation

3. a. Bottling
i. Pumping of LPG to filling shed
ii. Bottling of LPG cylinders
iii. Quality check on filled cylinders
17
b. Loading into Trucks
4. Dispatch
a. Loading of filled cylinders in trucks
b. Supply & distribution to consumers through Authorized Vendors
I. Receipt of Product
LPG dosed with mercaptan will be received from M/s IPPL through bullet trucks. There are 8
nos of Tank Lorry Decantation (TLD) Bays for the purpose of unloading of bullet trucks and
LPG will be stored in mounded vessels (3 x 600MT storage capacity).
II. Receipt of Empty LPG Cylinders & Segregation
Empty LPG cylinders will be received from vendor trucks & faulty cylinders will be
segregated at the point of receipt and diverted towards valve refitting section.
III a. Bottling
LPG from storage bullets will be pumped to LPG filling shed (2 carousels having 24 filling
machines each). Cylinder bottling will be the primary process to be carried out. After filling,
each cylinder is subjected to quality check for LPG leaks.
IV. Dispatch
Filled cylinders will be loaded into respective Authorized Vendor trucks and dispatched.
Cylinders that are damaged are stored separately and subsequently sold as scrap metal (after
cutting) to authorized scrap dealers.
The process flow chart for LPG filling is shown in Figure 2.2.
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Figure 2.2: Process Flow Chart
2.5 RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
LPG at the bottling plant will be received from M/s IPPL through bullet trucks. The mass
balance for the bottling capacity has been detailed in Table 2.3:
Table 2.3: Mass Balance for LPG Bottling Throughput

Flow Rate Hours of LPG bottling Number of Total
(cum/hr) operation (Tons /day) days working throughput
(day-1) (per month) (MTPA)
85 8 374 26 1,20,000
2.6 INFRASTRUCTURE AT THE FACILITY
The lists of equipments present at the bottling Plant are as given in Table 2.4:
19
Table 2.4: List of Equipments / Facilities & Number

S. No Equipment Total Number Capacity
1 LPG Pumps 2 85 cum/hr
2 LPG Compressors 2 3.85 cum/min
3 Screw Air Compressors 2 500 cum/hr
4 Mounded Bullets 3x600 MT 1800 MT
5 DG Set-1 1 750 kVA
6 DG Set-2 1 250 kVA
24 Point —1600-
7 Automatic Filling Type Caraosal 2
1800 Cycle/hr
8 Fire Engines 3 615 cum/hr
9 Jockey Pumps 2 10 cum/hr
10 Loading Arms 8 -
11 Air Dryer 1 540 Nm3/hr
12 Evacuation Compressor 1 165 Nm3/hr
13 Evacuation Vessel 2 1 cum
14 Valve Changing Without Evacuation 2 -
15 Air Receiver-1 1 1.5 cum
16 Air Receiver-2 1 0.5 cum
17 Security Air Compressor 2 -
2.6.1 Description of Mounded Bullets
The mounded storage of LPG has proved to be safer compared to above ground storage
vessels since it provides intrinsically passive and safe environment and eliminates the
possibility of Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE). The cover of the
mound protects the vessel from fire engulfment, radiation from a fire in close proximity and
acts of sabotage or vandalism. The area of land required to locate a mounded system is
minimal compared to conventional storage. Excavation up to a depth of 0.75 m is done for
construction of mounded bullet foundation (below FGL). Cathodic protection through
sacrificial anode method has been provided for all the three bullets to prevent them from
corrosion. The Photographs of mounded bullets are as shown in Figure 2.3 and Figure 2.4.
20
Figure 2.3: Photograph of Mounded Bullet
Figure 2.4: Photograph of Mounded Bullet from Side
21
2.7 POWER REQUIREMENT
The power requirement for LPG bottling plant operations is 450 kVA, which will be sourced
from Tamil Nadu Electricity Board. The D.G sets will be used to meet the power requirement
during grid power failure. Details of DG sets are given in Table 2.5:
Table 2.5: Details of D.G sets

S. No. Capacity Number Fuel used Stack height Stack
(m) diameter (in)
1 750 1 HSD BS III 12
13.5
2 250 1 HSD BS III 6
2.8 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT
The total manpower requirement is 75 persons as given in Table 2.6 which includes the
following:
Table 2.6 : Manpower Requirements
S. No. Grade Number
1. Officers 6
2. Workmen (Blue Collar) 9
3. Contract Labourers 40
4. Security 15
5. Electrical personnel 5
Total 75
2.9 WATER REQUIREMENT
Total water requirement for the proposed LPG plant is 4 kld, which will be sourced through
SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan village. The permission letter is enclosed
as Annexure VI. Water balance table & diagram for the proposed LPG bottling plant are
given in Table 2.7 and Figure 2.5, respectively:
Table 2.7 Water Balance Table

S. Domestic water Industrial water Domestic sewage Wastewater from
No. requirement requirement (KLD) generation (KLD) process / cylinder
(KLD) Cylinder washing washing (KLD)*
1 3 1 2.4 0.8
Total 4 3.2
22
* Note – Wastewater generated from cylinder washing will be primarily dirty water with
suspended solids. After sedimentation, this water will be reused for cylinder washing.
There will be no process / trade effluent generated during operations.
Figure 2.5 Water Balance Chart
2.10 POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES PROPOSED
No emissions will be generated during the operations as the entire bottling process will be
carried out through close circuit piping from storage area to filling shed. The only point
sources of emissions will D.G sets & Fire Engines, which will be operated intermittently.
D.G sets & Fire Engines have been fitted with stacks of adequate height to disperse the
pollutants. Details on air pollution control equipment details are as given in Table 2.8:
Table 2.8 Details on Air Pollution Control Equipment
S. Source of emission Control Material of Top Height

No. measure construction diameter above
GL (m)
1 750 kVA D.G set & Stack height as MS Pipe 12” & 6” 13.5
250 kVA D.G set per CPCB
guidelines
2 Fire engines (3 nos.) Stack height as MS Pipe 6” 11
per CPCB
guidelines
23
2.11 WASTEWATER GENERATION
From the proposed bottling plant, 2.4 KLD sewage will be generated, which will be disposed
through septic tanks & soak pits having dimensions 2 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m. Washing water
separator & clarified waste water will be reused for cylinder washing. The dimension of the
sump is 2m x 1.5m x 1.5m.
2.12 SOLID WASTE GENERATION & DISPOSAL
No industrial solid waste will be generated during the bottling process. Damaged cylinders
will be segregated & stored on site prior to disposal as metal scrap. Used oil generated as
hazardous waste from D.G set operation will be disposed to TNPCB Authorized Used Oil
Recyclers.
2.13 DETAILS ON FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM AND SAFETY MEASURES
The leakage of LPG is monitored through gas monitoring sensors (GMS) that has been
installed at strategic points inside the plant premises. At present there are 35 Nos GMS
sensors that have been installed, which is connected to a PC in the control room for
monitoring the leak levels. The sensors will give initial alarm at 20% lower explosive limit
(LEL) and continuous alarm at 60% LEL so that the leakage can be controlled before the
concentration of LPG reaches its LEL. Fire water storage tanks (3 x 2500 kld) are shown in
Figure 2.6.
Figure 2.6: Fire Water Storage Tanks (3 x 2500 kld)
24
The records are analyzed on daily basis by the concerned officer and faults are rectified on
immediate basis. All the persons working inside the LPG plant premises are mandatorily
required to wear protection devices such as safety shoes and safety helmets in order to protect
them from fatal injuries. Safety week is celebrated every year to create awareness among
persons in order to develop a good culture. To monitor the health of people working in plant a
doctor is also appointed who visits the plant three times a week and free checkups are carried
out for all the persons in the plant.
The list of fire protection equipments is shown in Table 2.9 and fire hydrant layout is shown
in Figure 2.7.
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Table 2.9: List of Fire Protection Equipments

S. Description Requirement Availability
No as per OISD at site
1. Portable 10 kg DCP Fire Extinguishers
LPG storage vessel (2 per vessel)+water drain 7 7
LPG cylinder shed (2 per 200 Sqm) 64 64
LPG pump house (2 per 50 Sqm) 10 10
T.L.D (1 per bay) 8 8
Other pump houses (FPH & ACH) 2 2
Office 2 2
Canteen 3 3
Total 101 101
2. 4.5 kg CO 2 Fire Extinguishers
PMCC(2 per 100 m2) 4 4
DG room 2 2
HT room 2 2
Transformer room 2 2
Battery Room 2 2
S&D and Control Room 2 2
Fire trolley 1 1
Total
3. Sand bucket with stand in PMCC 1 1
Sand bucket with stand in DG room 1 1
Sand bucket with stand in HT yard 1 1
Total 3 3
4 100% spare CO2 cartridge-200g 101 101
100% spare CO2 cartridge-2kg 5 5
50% Min. spare DCP bags-10kg DCP 505 510
50% Min. spare DCP bags-75kg DCP 188 190
5 75 KG DCP Fire Extinguishers
Filling Shed 1 1
LPG Pump House 1 1
Mounded storage Bullet 1 1
TLD 1 1
Evacuation area 1 1
Total 5 5
6. Trolley with suitable first-aid Fire Preventive
1 1
Accessories
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S. Description Requirement Availability

No as per OISD at site
7 Reinforced Rubber-lined hoses 63 mm 52 52
50% spare hoses 13 17
Total 65 69
8 Jet Nozzles 26 26
Jet Nozzles in stores 2 2
Spare jet nozzles with branch pipes 2 2
Spare fog nozzles 2 2
Spare universal nozzles 2 2
Spare water curtain nozzles 2 2
Spare spray nozzles 2 2
Multi purpose nozzles 2 2
9 Safety Helmets 15 15
10 Hose Boxes (Alternative hydrant points) 26 26
11 Stretcher with blankets 2 2
12 First Aid Boxes 5 3
13 Rubber Hand Gloves (Electrical) 2 pairs 2 pairs
14 Low temp. rubber hand gloves (LPG) 4 pairs 4 Pairs
15 Low temp. protective clothing (LPG) 2 sets Nil
16 Explosimeter 2 2
17 Fire Proximity Suit 1 1
18 Resuscitator 2 2
19 Red & Green Flags 2 sets 2 sets
20 Self Containing Breathing Apparatus 1 1
21 Water Jet Blanket 2 2
22 Hand operated siren 8 8
23 FLP torches 4 4
24 ETB 6 6
25 MCP 10 10
26 GMS 35 35
27
Figure 2.7: Fire Hydrant Layout
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2.14 RAINWATER & STORM WATER DRAINAGE NETWORK
Rain water harvesting system for Tirunelveli LPG project has been designed to utilize the
under-ground water system sustainably. Keeping in mind the depleting water table in the
region, storm water drains has been engineered in such a way that rain water can be collected
into two rain water harvesting tanks placed at strategic locations so that underground water
can be recharged.
Sizes of rain water harvesting tanks are 2.5 m in diameter with depth of 5 m and have been
filled with brick bats to collect the water in case of heavy rain. Since much of the plant area
including Truck parking area has been covered with RCC roads and bitumen roads, drains
have been maintained to collect the storm water & rain water and using the natural slope of
plant, waters will be collected to rain water harvesting tank. Size of rain water harvesting
tanks: - 2.5 m in diameter with depth of 5 m. The total cost of rain water harvesting system is
Rs.25.0 Lacs, excluding the cost of drains.
Three recharge pits (2 on-site & 1 truck parking area) have been set up at the site to harvest
run-off water. The storm water layout is shown in the following Figure 2.8.
29
Figure 2.8: Storm Water Layout
30
2.15 PROJECT COST
The cost for setting up the LPG Bottling Plant at SIPCOT, Gangaikondan village is estimated
as Rs. 78.58 Crores.
31
CHAPTER 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The baseline environmental studies have been conducted to determine the existing status of
various environmental attributes viz., climate and atmospheric conditions, air, water, noise,
soil, hydro geological, land use pattern, ecological and socio-economical environment, prior
to setting up of the proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility site. This study would help
to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the environment on account of
any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed LPG plant site.
3.2 SCOPE OF BASELINE STUDY
An area, covering a 10 km radius distance from the project site is considered as the study area
for the purpose of the baseline studies. Primary data on water, air, land, flora, fauna & socio-
economic data were collected by a team of functional area experts. Secondary data was
collected from various departments of state/central government organizations, semi-
government. Table 3.1 gives various environmental attributes considered for formulating
environmental baseline and Table 3.2 gives the frequency and monitoring methodology for
various environmental attributes.
Table 3.1 : Environmental Attributes

S.
Attribute Parameter Source of Data
No.
1 Climatology & Wind speed, wind direction, Indian Meteorological
Meteorology relative humidity, rainfall and Department and Site specific
temperature information
2 Water Quality Physical and chemical Monitored Data (Surface water
parameters – 8 locations and ground water-
8 locations)
3 Ambient Air PM 10 , PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 , NH 3 ,
Quality O 3 , CO, Pb, Benzene, Benzo(a) Monitored Data (8 locations)
Pyrene, Arsenic and Nickel
4 Noise levels Noise levels in dB (A) Monitored Data (8 locations)
5 Ecology Existing terrestrial flora and Field survey and Secondary
fauna within the study area sources
6 Geology Geological history Secondary sources
7 Soil Soil types and samples analyzed Analysis of soil samples at six
for physical and chemical locations
32
S.
Attribute Parameter Source of Data
No.
parameters.
8 Socio- Socio-economic characteristics Based on field survey and data
economic of the affected area collected from secondary
aspects sources
9 Land Use Trend of land use change for
Secondary data
different categories
Table 3.2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology

Attributes Sampling Measurement Remarks
Network Frequency Method
A. Meteorology
Wind Speed, Wind Project site Continuous Weather monitor with
direction, Relative for 3 data base
humidity, Rainfall and months
Temperature
A. Air Environment
Particulate Matter (PM Gravimetric (High-
24 hourly-
10 ) Volume with Cyclone)
twice a
Particulate Matter (PM Gravimetric (High-
week for 3
2.5 ) Volume with Cyclone)
months in
Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) EPA Modified West &
non- As per CPCB
Gaeke method
monsoon standards
Nitrogen Dioxide Arsenite Modified
season under 18th
(NO 2 ) Jacob & Hochheiser
November
Total Volatile Organic Requisite --
EPA Method TO - 17 2009
Compounds (TVOC) locations in
notification for
Hydrocarbon the project -- IS 5182: Part 12: 1991
National
Benzene (C 6 H 6 ) influence 24 hourly- IS 5182: Part 11: 2006
Ambient Air
Benzo (a) Pyrene area twice a
IS 5182: Part 12: 1991 Quality
(BaP) week for 3
Standards
Lead (Pb) months in IS 5182 Part 22: 2004
(NAAQS)
Arsenic (As) non- IS 5182 Part 22: 2004
Nickel (Ni) monsoon IS 5182 Part 22: 2004
Ammonia (NH 3 ) season Indophenols blue
method
Ozone (O 3 ) KI Absorption Method
Carbon Monoxide Gas Analyser (NDIR)
33
B. Noise
Hourly Equivalent Requisite Once Instrument : Noise IS 4954 : 1968
Noise Levels locations in level meter
the project
influence
area
C. Water
Parameters for water Set of Once Samples for water
quality: pH, samples at quality collected and
temperature, turbidity, requisite analyzed as per IS :
total hHardness, total locations for 2488 (Part 1-5)
alkalinity, chloride, ground and methods for sampling
sulphate, nitrate, surface and testing of
fluoride, sodium, water Industrial Effluents
potassium, electrical and Standard Methods
conductivity, for examination of
ammonical nitrogen, water and wastewater
nitrate-nitrogen Total analysis published by
phosphorus, BOD, American Public
COD, calcium, Health Association.
magnesium, total
dissolved solids, total
suspended solids
D. Land Environment
Parameter for soil Requisite Once in Collected and analyzed
quality: pH, texture, soil samples season as per soil analysis
electrical conductivity, be collected reference book,
organic matter, as per BIS M.L.Jackson
nitrogen, phosphate, specification
sodium, calcium, within
potassium and project
magnesium. influence
area
E. Biological Environment
Terrestrial & Aquatic Requisite Once in Collected and analyzed
Flora and Fauna locations in season as per IUCN Red Data
the project book.
influence
area
34
3.3 RAINFALL & CLIMATE
The district receives the rain under the influence of both southwest and northeast monsoons.
The northeast monsoon chiefly contributes to the rainfall in the district. Rainfall data from
IMD stations over the period 1901-2000 were utilized and a perusal of the data shows that the
normal annual rainfall over the district is 879 mm. It is the maximum around Senkottai,
Sankarankoil and all along the coast and it decreases towards inland. The areas around
Ambasamudram, Tirunelveli and Kadayanallur receive minimum rainfall.
The district enjoys a sub tropical climate. The period from May to June is generally hot and
dry. The weather is pleasant during the period from December to January. The relative
humidity is on an average between 79 and 84%. The mean minimum temperature is 22.9°C
and means maximum daily temperature is 33.5°C respectively. Average rainfall data for last
5 years is shown in Figure 3.1.
Figure 3.1 : Average Rainfall of Last Five Years
Wind rose for the month of February, March & April 2015 are given in Figures 3.2, 3.3 and
3.4, respectively.
35
Figure 3.2 : Wind Rose for Month of February 2015
36
Figure 3.3 : Wind Rose for Month of March 2015
37
Figure 3.4 : Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of April 2015
38
3.4 DRAINAGE
Thamirabarani , Nambiar, Chittar and Karamaniar are the important rivers draining the
district. Thamirabarani originating from Papanasam, flows through the district. The
Nambiyar river originates in the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats near Nellikalmottai
about 9.6 km west of Tirukkurugundi village at an altitude of about 1060 m amsl. The
drainage pattern of area in general is dendritic.
The drainage map (10 km) of the project site is given as Figure 3.5.
Figure 3.5: Drainage Map (10 km) of the Study Area
3.5 GEOMORPHOLOGY
Tirunelveli district is bordered by Western Ghats (Ridge and valley complex) in the west. A
major part of the district constitutes a plain terrain with a gentle slope toward east and
southeast, except for the hilly terrain in the west. The general elevation of the area varies
from less than 10 to 1408 m amsl (Tulukkaparai hill range).
The prominent geomorphic units identified in the district through interpretation of satellite
imagery are Structural Hill, Bazada zone, valley fill, flood plain, pediment, shallow buried
pediment, deep buried pediment and coastal Plain.
39
3.6 SOIL
Soils of the area have been classified into:
1) Deep red soil

2) Red sandy soil
3) Black cotton soil
4) Saline coastal Alluvium
5) River Alluvium
Major parts of the area are covered by deep red soil and are found in Sivakasi, Tenkasi,
Senkottai and Sankarankoil blocks and it is suitable for cultivating coconut and palmyra trees.
Red sandy soil also in reddish yellow in colour and are found in Nanguneri, Ambasamudram,
and Radhapuram blocks and it is suitable for cultivating groundnut, millets and pulses etc.,
The black cotton soil is found in Tirunelveli, Palayankottai and Sankarankoil blocks, and it is
suitable for cultivating paddy, ragi, and cholam etc., The saline coastal alluvium are dark grey
to deep brown in colour and spread over the Nanguneri and Radhapuram blocks. The River
alluvial soils occur along the river courses of Thamirabarani and Chittar river covering in the
blocks Tirunelveli and Palayankottai and it is suitable for cultivating Groundnut, Chillies and
Cumbu.
3.7 GROUND WATER SCENARIO

3.7.1 Hydrogeology
The district is underlain by both porous and fissured formations. The important aquifer
systems in the district are constituted by i) Weathered and fractured hard rock formations of
Archaean age. ii) Porous sedimentary formations ranging in age from Tertiary and Recent.
The porous formations are found as small patch in the southeastern part of the district and
include sandstones, limestones, laterite and clays from Tertiary to Quaternary. Isolated
occurrence of calcareous sandstone and fossiliferous limestone are seen in coastal area on the
southeastern side. The fossiliferous limestone is found south west of Kudankulam covering
an area of 3 sq. km. Laterites are exposed as patches along Radhapuram-Edakkadu,
Vijayanarayanam-Kumarapuram, Ittamoli, Nanguneri and Uramozi area. Beach sand occurs
as a patch along the coast with a width varying from 50 to 250 m in Idindakarai-Ovari belt.
The river alluvium is found along the river courses and the thickness of alluvium is restricted
to 5 to 6m.
The exploration in sedimentary tract has revealed that the depth to basement occurs at a depth
of 120 m bgl and granular zones are encountered between the depths of 20 to 92 m bgl. The
40
yield of bore wells varies from 1 to 4.5 lps. The aquifer at the shallow depth is under
unconfined condition and aquifer at depth is under semi-confined to confined condition. The
shallow aquifer is developed through dug wells and deeper aquifer through tube wells. The
dug well can sustain a pumping of 4 to 6 hours while the tube wells can sustain a pumping of
6 to 8 hours.
The water-bearing properties of crystalline formations, which lack primary porosity, depend
on the extent of development of secondary intergranular porosity. These aquifers are highly
heterogeneous in nature due to variation in lithology, texture and structural features even
within short distances. Ground water generally occurs under phreatic conditions in the
weathered mantle and under semi-confined conditions in the fissured and fractured zones at
deeper levels. The thickness of weathered zone in the district is in the ranges up to 30m bgl.
The yield of large diameter wells in the district, tapping the weathered mantle of crystalline
rocks ranges from 0.8 to 4.2 lps and are able to sustain pumping for 3 to 5 hours per day. The
specific capacity of large diameter wells tested in crystalline rocks ranges from 0.4 to 5 lps.
of drawdown. The yield characteristics of wells vary considerably depending on the
topographic set-up, lithology and nature of weathering.
The groundwater exploration in the district down to a depth of 200m bgl has revealed that in
the western part of the district potential fractures are encountered beyond 100m bgl while in
the rest of the area, potential fractures are restricted to 100m bgl. The yield of the wells varies
from 1 to 3.6 lps. In general, the wells drilled by various state agencies mainly for domestic
purposes have yield in the range of 1.1 to 4.5 lps.
Hydrogeology map of Tirunelveli District is shown in Figure 3.6.
The depth to water level in the district varied between 1.19 to 13.35 m bgl during pre-
monsoon (May 2006) and varied between 0.18 to 7.97 m bgl during post monsoon (Jan
2007). The seasonal fluctuation shows a fall in water level, which ranges from 0.12 to 2.14 m
bgl, and rise in water level, which ranges from 0.33 to 11.24 m bgl. The piezometric head
varied between 1.72 to 13.65 m bgl (May 2006) during pre monsoon and 0.47 to 13.25 m bgl
during post monsoon.
Map showing depth to water level in pre-monsoon is shown in Figure 3.7 and map showing
depth to water level in post-monsoon is shown in Figure 3.8
41
Long Term Fluctuation (1998-2007)

The long-term water level fluctuation for the period 1998-2007 indicates both rise and fall in
different parts of the district. The rise in water level is in the range of 0.0021 to 1.1284
m/year, while the fall in the water level varies between 0.0169 to 0.6893 m/year.
Aquifer Parameters
Aquifer parameters are given in Table 3.3
Table 3.3: Aquifer Parameters

Formation Yield of Transmissivity Hydraulic Specific
Wells (lps) (m2/day) Conductivity Yield (%)
(m/day)
Porous Formation 1.0 – 4.5 50 – 250 20 -65 3–6
Weathered Rock <1 – 4.0 25 – 150 <1 – 15 1.5
Fractured Rock 1.0 – 3.6 25 - 250 <1 - 25 -
Figure 3.6 : Hydrogeology Map of Tirunelveli District
42
Legend for Figure 3.6
Source: District Ground Water Brochure, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu, Ministry of Water
Resources, Central Ground Water Board.
Figure 3.7:Map Showing Depth to Water Level in Pre-monsoon
43
Figure 3.8: Map Showing Depth to Water Level in Post-monsoon
44
3.8 LAND USE
The Land use classification is given in Table 3.4
Table 3.4 : Land Use Classification

S.No. Land Classification 2012-2013 2013-2014
1 Forest 127758 127758
2 Barren and uncultivable waste 29682 29682
3 Land put to Non-Agricultural uses 103136 103148
4 Cultivable waste 35631 35319
Permanent Pastures and other

5 5156 5156
Grazing land
Land under miscellaneous Tree

6 Crops and Groves not included in net 8376 8446
area sown
7 Current Fallow 58138 42064
8 Other Fallow Land 179921 190778
9 Net Area Sown 128052 133501
Geographical area according to

10 675850 675850
village papers
11 Total cropped Area 136984 162144
12 Area sown than once 8932 28643
Land use/land cover map within 10 km radius study area is given in Figure 3.9.
45
Figure 3.9: Land Use/ Land Cover Map Within 10 km Study Area
3.9 SEISMICITY
There are 4 major seismic zones (zones II, III, IV and V) in India, based on the seismo-
tectonic parameters, history of seismicity and certain geophysical parameters. The project site
SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan village, Tirunelveli Taluk & District
comes under Seismic zone III. Seismic zone map for the Tamil Nadu state is shown in the
Figure 3.10.
Figure 3.10: Map Showing Seismic Tectonic Zone
46
3.10 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The prime objective of baseline air monitoring is to evaluate the existing air quality of the
area. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air
quality during the construction and operation phase of the proposed LPG bottling plant. This
section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling,
analytical techniques and frequency of sampling. The monitoring of ambient air monitoring
was carried out during the study in the month of February, March and April 2015. The
methodology adopted for ambient air quality monitoring is given below.
3.10.1 Selection of Sampling Locations
The locations for ambient air quality monitoring were scientifically selected based on the
following considerations using climatological data.
• Topography / Terrain of the study area

• Human Settlements
• Health status
• Accessibility of monitoring site
• Resource Availability
• Representativeness of the region for establishing baseline status
• Representativeness with respect to likely impact areas.
The ambient air quality monitoring locations are given in the Table 3.5 and shown in Figure
3.11.
47
Table 3.5– Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Direction with the Distance with

Air sampling Geographical
Location respect to project respect to Environmental Setting
location code location
site project site ( km)
N-08º49’49.93”
AAQ1 Project Site - - Industrial Area
E-77º44’41.10”
N-13º15’03.48”
AAQ2 Gangaikondan NE 5.29 Residential Area
E-80º18’14.65”
N-13º16’12.74”
AAQ3 Venkatasalapuram N 5.16 Residential & Rural Area
E-80º16’47.04”
N-13º11’49.36”
AAQ4 Alavanthankulam NW 6.21 Residential & Rural Area
E-80º16’45.32”
N-13º12’54.92”
AAQ5 Kattalai SE 4.32 Residential & Rural Area
E-80º19’10.75”
N-13º12’51.89” Residential & Industrial
AAQ6 Thalaiyuthu SSW 5.76
E-80º16’12.05” Area
N-13º14’30.43”
AAQ7 Nanjankulam WSW 7.24 Residential & Rural Area
E-80º16’20.26”
N-13º11’19.10”
AAQ8 Thathanuthu S 3.11 Residential & Rural Area
E-80º18’20.93”
48
3.10.2 Parameters for Sampling
The parameters chosen for assessment of ambient air quality were Particulate Matter (PM 10 ),
Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ), Sulphur di-oxide (SO 2 ), Nitrogen Di-oxide (NO 2 ), Ammonia
(NH 3 ), Ozone (O 3 ), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Benzene (C 6 H 6 ), BenzonePyrene (BaP), Lead,
Nickel and Arsenic.
3.10.3 Instruments used for Sampling
Respirable Dust Samplers APM- 460 BL of Envirotech were used for monitoring particulate
matter (PM 10 ), gaseous pollutants like SO 2 and NO 2 . Fine particulate samplers APM 550 of
Envirotech was used for monitoring PM 2.5 .
The map showing air quality monitoring locations is given in Figure 3.11.
3.10.4 Sampling and Analytical Techniques
PM 10 and PM 2.5 have been estimated by gravimetric method. In RDS, ambient air is sucked
through a cyclone. Coarse and non-respirable dust is separated from the air stream by
centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles, these particles fall through the cyclone’s
conical hopper and gets collected in the sampling cap placed at the bottom. The fine dust
(<10 microns) forming the respirable particulate matter (PM 10 ) passes the cyclone and is
retained on the filter paper. A tapping is provided on the suction side of the blower to provide
suction for sampling air through a set of impingers which contains absorbing solutions for
SO 2 and NO 2 .
PM 2.5 was determined by Fine Particulate Sampler. The air inlet has a circular symmetry so
that air entry is unaffected by wind direction and is designed to keep out rain, insects and
very large particles. The inlet section immediately leads to an impactor stage designed to trap
particles with an aerodynamic diameter larger than 10 microns. Thus the air stream in the
down tube consists of only medium and fine particulates. The streamlined air flow of the
down tube is accelerated through the nozzle of the well shaped impactor designed to trap
medium size particulates with an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 10 microns. To
avoid sampling errors due to the tendency of small particles to bounce off the impaction
surface a 37mm diameter GF/A paper immersed in silicone oil is used as an impaction
surface. The air stream leaving the WINS impactor consists of microns. These fine particles
are collected on a special Teflon membrane filter of 47 mm diameter.
49
AAQ3
AAQ4
AAQ2
AAQ1
AAQ7
AAQ8 AAQ5
AAQ6
Figure 3.11: Map Showing Air Quality Monitoring Locations
50
Modified West and Gaeke method (IS-5182 part-II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of
SO 2 and Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS-5182 part-IV, 1975) has been adopted for the
estimation of NO 2 . The techniques for sampling and analysis of parameters are presented in
the Table 3.6
Table 3.6: Techniques Used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

S. No Parameters Technique
3
1. Particulate Matter (PM 10 ), µg/m Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone)
3
2. Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ), µg/m Gravimetric (Fine particulate Sampler)
3
3. Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ), µg/m EPA Modified West &Gaeke method
3
4. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ), µg/m Arsenite Modified Jacob &Hochheiser
5. Total Volatile Organic Compounds
EPA Method
(TVOC), µg/m3
6. Hydrocarbon, µg/m3 IS 5182: Part 12: 1991
3
7. Benzene (C 6 H 6 ), µg/m IS 5182: Part 11: 2006
8. Benzo Pyrene (BaP), ng/m3 IS 5182: Part 12: 1991
9. Lead (Pb), µg/m3 IS 5182 Part 22: 2004
10. Arsenic (As), ng/m3 IS 5182 Part 22: 2004
11. Nickel (Ni), ng/m3 IS 5182 Part 22: 2004
12. Ammonia (NH 3 ), µg/m3 Indophenols blue method
13. Ozone (O 3 ), µg/m3 KI Absorption Method
14. Carbon Monoxide, mg/m3 Gas Analyser (NDIR)
3.10.5 Results
Various parameters like maximum, minimum and average have been computed from the
monitored data for all the locations and summary of ambient air quality test results are
presented in Tables 3.7.
51
Table 3.7 – Summary of Ambient Air Quality Result
PM 10 ,µg/m3 PM 2.5 ,µg/m3 SO 2 ,µg/m3 NO 2 ,µg/m3

Code Location 98 98 98 98
Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg
Per Per Per Per
AAQ1 Project Site 39 54 47.2 53.6 17.5 24.2 20.8 24 5.1 6.2 5.6 6.1 9.7 12.2 10.9 12.1
AAQ2 Gangaikondan 43 57 50.1 56.7 20.4 26.5 23.4 26.3 6.7 8.3 7.5 8.2 11.8 16.4 14.1 16.2
AAQ3 Venkatasalapuram 37 48 42.6 47.7 18.5 23.8 21.1 23.5 BDL(<5) 10.1 13.4 11.6 13.2
AAQ4 Alavanthankulam 45 55 45.8 54.7 21.2 25.3 23.3 25.1 5.4 6.1 5.7 6.0 11.5 14.2 12.8 14
AAQ5 Kattalai 35 46 40.4 45.5 17 22.8 19.9 22.6 BDL(<5) 9.1 11.9 10.4 11.7
AAQ6 Thalaiyuthu 51 66 57.5 65.6 24.9 35.7 30.2 35.4 6.3 8.5 6.8 8.4 13.5 17.2 15.3 17
AAQ7 Nanjankulam 40 53 46.4 52.8 18.8 23.9 21.4 23.7 BDL(<5) 10.2 12.6 11.3 12.4
AAQ8 Thathanuthu 48 59 54.5 58.6 19.7 27.6 23.2 27.5 5.6 6.8 6.1 6.7 13.3 16.2 14.4 16
CPCB / MoEF&CC Standards
Industrial /Residential /
100 60 80 80
Rural and Other Area
52
Ozone
Ammonia CO,mg/m3
Code Location µg/m3 Lead µg/m3
µg/m3
Min Max Avg 98 Per Min Max Avg 98 Per
AAQ1 Project Site BDL(<5) 8.4 13.3 10.9 13.1 BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1)
AAQ2 Gangaikondan BDL(<5) 9.2 14.6 11.8 14.4 0.11 0.16 0.13 0.15 BDL(<0.1)
AAQ3 Venkatasalapuram BDL(<5) 7.7 11.3 9.5 11.2 BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1)
AAQ4 Alavanthankulam BDL(<5) 8.8 12.8 10.9 12.6 BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1)
AAQ5 Kattalai BDL(<5) 6.7 10.5 8.3 10.3 BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1)
AAQ6 Thalaiyuthu BDL(<5) 10.7 18.4 14.8 18.2 0.17 0.25 0.20 0.24 BDL(<0.1)
AAQ7 Nanjankulam BDL(<5) 8.2 13.2 10.7 13 BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1)
AAQ8 Thathanuthu BDL(<5) 9.7 14.6 12.1 14.4 BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1)
CPCB / MoEF&CC Standards

Industrial /Residential / Rural and
Other Area 400 100 2 1
53
Benzo[a]pyrene Arsenic Nickel

Code Location Benzene, µg/m3
ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3
AAQ1 Project Site BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
AAQ2 Gangaikondan BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
AAQ3 Venkatasalapuram BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
AAQ4 Alavanthankulam BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
AAQ5 Kattalai BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
AAQ6 Thalaiyuthu BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
AAQ7 Nanjankulam BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
AAQ8 Thathanuthu BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.01) BDL (<1) BDL (<1)
CPCB Standards
Industrial/ Residential/ Rural and Other

5 1 6 20
Area
54
3.10.6 Observations
PM 10 : The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM 10 were recorded as

66µg/m3 and 35µg/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Thalaiyuthu
and the minimum concentration was recorded at Kattalai. The average concentrations were
ranged between 40.4 and 57.5µg/m3.
PM 2.5 : The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM 2.5 were recorded as 35.7µg/m3 and
17µg/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Thalaiyuthu and the
minimum concentration was recorded at Kattalai. The average values were observed to be in
the range of 19.9 and 30.2 µg/m3.
SO 2 : The maximum and minimum SO 2 concentrations were recorded as 8.5µg/m3 and BDL
respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Thalaiyuthu. The average values
were observed to be in the range of BDL and 7.5µg/m3.
NO 2 : The maximum and minimum NO 2 concentrations were recorded as 17.2µg/m3 and

9.1µg/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at Thalaiyuthu and the minimum
concentration was recorded at Kattalai. The average values were observed to be in the range of
10.4 and 15.3 µg/m3 .
O 3 : The maximum and minimum O 3 concentrations were recorded as 18.4µg/m3 and

6.7µg/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at Thalaiyuthu and the minimum
concentration was recorded at Kattalai. The average values were observed to be in the range of
8.3 and 14.8µg/m3 .
The concentrations of PM 10 , PM 2.5 , SO 2 and NO 2, are observed to be well within the standards
prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Rural, Residential and
Other area. All the values of NH 3 , heavy metals (Pb, Ar, Ni & Hg), CO, Benzene and BaP were
found to be below detection limit.
3.10.7 Traffic Survey
Details of traffic on the NH 7 are as given below:
55
S. No. Parameter Details

Width & number of lanes of road 30 Feet & 2 Lane road – NH7
1.
connecting NH 7 & Tirunelveli BP.
2. Number of entrances / exits to BP Two – One main and another emergency.
Number of bullet trucks entering & BTs – Entry - 16 Nos.
3. exiting per day. Exit – 16 Nos.
Number of vendor trucks entering & STs - Entry - 60 Nos.

4. exiting per day Exit – 60 Nos.
Direction of exit for bullet trucks i.e. do Bullet trucks will depart to either IPPL
5. the bullet trucks depart towards Chennai (Chennai) or MRPL (Mangalore) as per
(back to IPPL) or do they refill elsewhere. requirement and product availability.
Location of Distributors 58 Distributors are attached to plant who
are present in the following directions :
1) South – 26
6. 2) North – 15
3) West – 11
4) East – 6.
3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The main objective of monitoring of ambient noise levels was to establish the baseline noise
levels in the surrounding areas and to assess the total noise level in the environment of the
study area.
3.11.1 Identification of Sampling Locations
A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise sources in
the area. The sampling location in the area was identified considering the location of industry,
residential area, highways and institutional areas. The noise monitoring locations are
presented in Table 3.8 and shown in Figure 3.12
56
Table 3.8 – Noise Quality monitoring stations
Direction Distance with

Location Sample Geographical with respect to Environmental
Code location location respect to project site Setting
project site ( km)
N-08º49’49.93”
N1 Project Site - - Industrial Area
E-77º44’41.10”
N-08º51’36.12”
N2 Gangaikondan NE 4.46 Residential Area
E-77º46’22.65”
N-08º51’36.26” Residential & Rural
N3 Pallikottai NW 4.76
E-77º42’48.39” Area
N-08º47’33.77” Residential Area &
N4 Thalaiyuthu SSW 4.83
E-77º43’23.64” Industrial Area
N5 Alangaraperi SE 4.31
E-77º46’32.93” Area
N6 Thenkalam WSW 5.11
E-77º41’59.05” Area
N7 Palamadai SSE 4.62
E-77º45’32.36” Area
3.11.2 Instrument used for Sampling
Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter. The sound level meter measures the
equivalent continuous noise level (Leq) by switching on the corresponding function mode.
3.11.3 Method of Monitoring
Noise, in general, is sound which is composed of many frequency components of various

types of loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales have
been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human to a
complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most
common and universally accepted scale is the ‘A’ weighted Scale which is measured as dB
(A). This is more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hz. The scale has been designed
to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear.
57
Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were measured at all locations. The readings were
taken for every hour for 24 hours. The day noise levels have been monitored during 6 am to
10 pm and night levels during 10 pm to 6 am at all the locations covered in 10-km radius of
the study area. The noise levels were measured once during the study period. These readings
were later tabulated and the frequency distribution table was prepared. Finally, hourly and 24
hourly values for various noise parameters viz. Lday and Lnight were calculated.
For noise levels measured over a given period of time, it is possible to describe important
features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the percent of the time
certain noise levels exceed the time interval. The notations for the statistical quantities of
noise levels are described below:
L 10 is the noise level exceeded 10 per cent of the time

L 50 is the noise level exceeded 50 per cent of the time and
L 90 is the noise level exceeded 90 per cent of the time
Equivalent Sound Pressure Level (Leq)
The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same sound
energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same period. This is necessary because
sound from noise source often fluctuates widely during a given period of time.
his is calculated from the following equation:
Leq = L50 + (L 10 - L 90 )2/60

Parameters Measured During Monitoring
For noise levels measured over a given period of time interval, it is possible to describe
important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the percent of
the time, certain noise levels are exceeded during the time interval. The notation for the
statistical quantities of noise levels is described below:
Hourly Leq day: Equivalent noise levels between 6.00 hours to 22.00 hours.
Leq night: Equivalent noise levels between 22.00 hours to 6.00 hours.
58
Figure: 3.12 Map Showing the Location of Noise level Monitoring Stations
3.11.4 Results
The summary of computed ambient noise level parameters like L day and L night are presented
in Table 3.9 and compared to the standards specified by CPCB mentioned below in Table
3.10.
59
Table 3.9: Ambient Noise Level
Location Sample Leq day Leq Night Leq

Code location [dB(A)] [dB(A)] [dB(A)]
N1 Project Site 50.7 42.8 49.2

N2 Gangaikondan 51.8 43.6 50.3
N3 Pallikottai 48.2 41.6 46.8
N4 Thalaiyuthu 52.1 44.2 50.6
N5 Alangaraperi 47.2 40.9 45.9
N6 Thenkalam 48.4 41.7 47
N7 Palamadai 49.2 42.5 47.8
Table 3.10 – Ambient Noise Quality Standards

Category of Area / Limits in dB (A) Leq
Zone Day Time Night Time
Industrial Area 75 70
Commercial Area 65 55
Residential Area 55 45
Silence Zone 50 40
Source: CPCB
Note: Daytime shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.
Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.
3.11.5 Observations
Day time Noise Levels

Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range 47.2 to 52.1dB (A). The
maximum noise level was observed to be 52.1dB (A) at Thalaiyuthu and a minimum of
47.2dB (A) was observed at Alangaraperi.
Night time Noise Levels

Noise levels observed to fall in the range 40.9 to 44.2dB (A) during the night time. A
maximum of 40.9dB (A) was observed at Thalaiyuthu and a minimum of 44.2dB (A) was
60
observed at Alangaraperi. Measured noise levels are observed to be in compliance with

prescribed standards for ambient noise for the respective applicable categories.
3.12 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Water sampling has been conducted to establish baseline water quality in the area. Water
analysis was carried out for physical and chemical parameters as per the methods prescribed
in IS 10500 and “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (American
Public Health Association)”.
3.12.1 Sampling Locations
The details of the water sampling stations are presented in the Table 3.11 and shown in
Figure 3.13.
Table 3.11 Water Sampling Locations
Distance
Direction
with
Locatio Geographical with respect
Location respect to Type of water
n Code location to project
project site
site
(km)
GW1 Project Site N-08º49’50.603” - - Ground Water

E-77º44’43.39”
GW2 Gangaikondan N-08º51’26.75” NE 4.18 Ground Water

E-77º46’52.14”
GW3 Thalaiyuthu N-08º47’42.04” SSW 4.67 Ground Water
E-77º45’17.27”
GW4 Palamadai N-08º47’23.73” SSW 4.68 Ground Water
E-77º45’24.82”
Alavanthan N-08º52’18.71”
GW5 NW 6.38 Ground Water
kulam E-77º42’16.01”
GW6 Thenkalampudur N-08º50’01.50” W 4.61 Ground Water

E-77º42’10.94”
Gangaikondan N-08º50’20.69”
SW1 ENE 4.54 Surface Water
kulam E-77º47’05.95”
Thamirabarani N-08º45’29.09”
SW2 S 7.98 Surface Water
River E-77º41’29.21”
61
Figure – 3.13 Map Showing Water quality Monitoring Locations
62
3.12.2 Results
The physicochemical characteristics of water in the study area are presented in the Tables 3.12 and is compared with the standards (IS 10500:
Indian Standards/Specifications for Drinking Water) reference values.
Table 3.12– Results for Water Analysis

Ground Water
S. No Parameters Unit Test method Limit as per W1 W2 W3

IS 10500 : 2012
1 Colour Hazen APHA 22nd EDITION 5 Nil Nil Nil
No Odour No Odour No Odour
2 Odour - APHA 22nd EDITION Unobjectionable
Observed Observed Observed
3 pH at 25°C - IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 2002) 6.5-8.5 7.09 7.41 7.82
Electrical
4 μS/cm IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 2002) Not Specified 1086 1320 2450
Conductivity,
5 Turbidity NTU IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 2002) 1 BDL (<0.5) 0.6 BDL (<0.5)
6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 2003) 500 633 726 1327
Total Hardness as
7 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-2009 200 135 420 570
CaCO 3
Total Alkalinity as
8 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 23- 1986(Reaff:2003) 200 170 362 400
CaCO 3
63
9 Chloride as Cl mg/l IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 2003) 250 175 164 478
10 Sulphate as SO 4 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-4500- SO 4 2- E 200 48 72 47
nd
11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22 EDN -4500-F B&D 1.0 0.59 0.68 1.17
12 Nitrate as NO 3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NO 3 - B 45 2 12 15
13 Ammonia as N mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NH 3 B&C 0.5 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 0.20
14 Phosphate as PO 4 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 31-1988 (Reaff:2002) Not Specified 0.11 0.12 0.18
15 Sodium as Na mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003) Not Specified 126 97 265
16 Potassium as K mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003) Not Specified 46 2.2 3.9
17 Calcium as Ca mg/l IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 (Reaff:2003) 75 30 118 160
18 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-3500,Mg - B 30 15 30 41
19 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 0.3 BDL (<0.05) 0.13 BDL (<0.05)
Chemical Oxygen
20 mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006 Not Specified 4.7 BDL(<4) 8.3
Demand
BDL –Below Detectable Limit
S. No Parameters Unit Test method Limit as per W4 W5 W6

IS 10500 : 2012
1 Colour Hazen APHA 22nd EDITION 5 Nil Nil Nil
No Odour No Odour No Odour
2 Odour - APHA 22nd EDITION Unobjectionable
Observed Observed Observed
IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff:
3 pH at 25°C - 6.5-8.5 7.16 7.30 6.66
2002)
64
IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff:

4 Electrical Conductivity, μS/cm Not Specified 1186 1390 1012
2002)
IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff:
5 Turbidity NTU 1 BDL(<0.5) 0.9 BDL(<0.5)
2002)
IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff:
6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 675 734 588
2003)
Total Hardness as
7 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-2009 200 320 405 235
CaCO3
Total Alkalinity as IS : 3025 Part 23-
8 mg/l 200 410 230 125
CaCO3 1986(Reaff:2003)
IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff:
9 Chloride as Cl mg/l 250 139 200 179
2003)
10 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-4500- SO42- E 200 24 80 30
11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-F B&D 1.0 1.41 0.50 0.49
12 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NO3- B 45 BDL(<1) 28 84
APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NH3
13 Ammonia as N mg/l 0.5 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05)
B&C
IS : 3025 Part 31-1988
14 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l Not Specified 0.07 0.01 0.22
(Reaff:2002)
IS : 3025 Part 45-1993
15 Sodium as Na mg/l Not Specified 140 110 108
(Reaff:2003)
IS : 3025 Part 45-1993
16 Potassium as K mg/l Not Specified 2.9 1 4.5
(Reaff:2003)
65
IS : 3025 Part 40-1991

17 Calcium as Ca mg/l 75 76 88 60
(Reaff:2003)
18 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-3500,Mg - B 30 32 45 21
19 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 0.3 BDL(<0.05) 0.10 BDL(<0.05)
Chemical Oxygen
20 mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006 Not Specified BDL(<4) BDL(<4) BDL(<4)
Demand
Surface Water
S.
PARAMETERS UNIT TEST METHOD SW1 SW2
NO
1 Colour Hazen APHA 22nd EDITION 11 4
2 Odour - No Odour
APHA 22nd EDITION No Odour Observed
Observed
3 pH at 25°C - IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 2002) 7.12 7.17
4 Electrical Conductivity, μS/cm IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 2002) 624 307
5 Turbidity NTU IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 2002) 9.2 2.2
6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 2003) 358 163
7 Total Hardness as CaCO 3 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-1983 (Reaff: 1998) 180 106
8 Total Alkalinity as CaCO 3 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 23- 1986(Reaff:2003) 312 126
9 Chloride as Cl mg/l IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 2003) 25 16.6
10 Sulphate as SO 4 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-4500- SO 4 2- E 8 3.4
11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-F B&D 1.07 0.44
66
12 Nitrate as NO 3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NO 3 - B 1.8 BDL(<1)

13 Ammonia as NH 3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NH 3 B&C 0.31 0.06
14 Phosphate as PO 4 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 31-1988 (Reaff:2002) 0.39 0.02
15 Sodium as Na mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003) 76 22
16 Potassium as K mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003) 2.3 BDL(<1)
17 Calcium as Ca mg/l IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 (Reaff:2003) 14.4 26
18 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22nd EDITION 35 10
19 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 0.41 0.23
20 Anionic Surfactants as MBAS mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -5540 C BDL(<0.025) BDL(<0.025)
21 Total Suspended Solids mg/l IS : 3025 Part 17-1984 (Reaff: 2002) 16 8
22 Dissolved Oxygen as O 2 mg/l IS:3025:Part-38:1989 (Reaff:2003) 6.1 6.7
23 Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006 52 22
24 Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l IS:3025:Part-44:1993 (Reaff:2003) 6.8 2.6
at 27°C for 3 days
25 Total Coliforms MPN/100ml IS 1622 (1981) (Reaff – 2003) >1600/100ml 546/100ml
26 Faecal Coliforms MPN/100ml IS 1622 (1981)(Reaff – 2003) >1600/100ml 35 /100ml
67
3.12.3 Observations
Ground Water
The analysis of ground water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 6.66-
7.82, TDS ranges from 588 mg/l - 1327mg/l, total hardness ranges from 135mg/l - 570mg/l,
iron content ranges from BDL – 0.13mg/l, nitrate content ranges from BDL – 84mg/l was
observed.
Surface Water
The analysis of surface water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 7.12 –
7.17 , TDS ranges from 163mg/l - 358mg/l, total hardness ranges from 106mg/l – 180 mg/l,
DO ranges from 6.1 mg/l – 6.7 mg/l was observed.
3.13 SOIL ENVIRONMENT

3.13.1 Soil analysis
The present study of the soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics and this will help
in future identification of the incremental concentrations if any, due to the operation of the
proposed LPG plant site. The sampling locations have been identified with the following
objectives;
• To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area and

• To determine the impact of proposed LPG plant site on soil characteristics
Five locations within the study area were selected for soil sampling. At each location, soil
samples were collected from three different depths viz., 30 cm, 60 cm and 100 cm below the
surface. The samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. The details of
the soil sampling location are presented in Table 3.13 and shown in Figure 3.14. The results
are presented in Table 3.14 and compared with Standard Soil Classification presented in
Table 3.15.
68
Table 3.13 - Soil Sampling Locations
Direction with the Distance with

Location Geographical
Location respect to project respect to project
Code Location
site site in km
N-08º49’49.93”
S1 Project Site - -
E-77º44’41.10”
N-08º51’36.12”
S2 Gangaikondan NE 4.46
E-77º46’22.65”
N-08º51’36.26”
S3 Pallikottai NW 4.76
E-77º42’48.39”
N-08º47’33.77”
S4 Thalaiyuthu SSW 4.83
E-77º43’23.64”
N-08º43’23.26”
S5 Alangaraperi SE 4.31
E-77º46’32.93”
N-08º49’15.34”
S6 Thenkalam WSW 5.11
E-77º41’59.05”
N-08º47’29.00”
S7 Palamadai SSE 4.62
E-77º45’32.36”
Figure: 3.14 Map Showing Soil Sampling Stations
69
Presentation of Results
The results of the soil analysis are tabulated in Table 3.14. Standard soil classification is given in Table 3.15.
Table 3.14 - Soil Quality Results
S. No Parameters S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
1 pH 7.78 8.41 8.25 8.01 8.62 7.81 8.14
2 Electrical conductivity, mS/cm 0.096 0.174 0.245 0.336 0.411 0.112 0.246
3 Available Nitrogen, mg/kg 21.4 30.2 41.4 18.6 33.8 36.8 25.4
4 Available Phosphorous, mg/kg 45.8 63.4 112.3 63.7 85.6 95.4 62.4
5 Available Potassium, mg/kg 205 311 252 275 302 172 227
6 Exchangeable Calcium as Ca, meq / 100g 4.78 6.78 7.05 8.08/ 6.65 5.84 6.17
Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg,
7 3.36 3.11 4.36 3.03 3.58 3.25 3.76
meq/100g
8 Exchangeable Sodium as Na, meq / 100g 0.42 0.74 0.93 0.81 1.22 0.57 1.01
9 Organic Matter (%) 0.68 0.91 0.83 1.02 0.74 0.56 0.77
Sandy Clay Sandy Clay
10 Texture Classification Clay Clay Clay Sandy Clay Sandy Clay
Loam Loam
11 Sand (%) 53.7 36.2 39.2 28.8 51.7 56.8 42.3
12 Clay (%) 23.8 44.7 41.3 45.6 37.2 27.5 36.4
13 Silt (%) 22.5 19.1 19.5 25.6 11.1 15.7 21.3
70
TABLE 3.15 - Standard Soil Classification

Chemical Ranking
Parameters Very Low Low Moderate High Very High
pH <4, very Strongly 4-5, Strongly 5-8, Ideal for Plant 8-9 Strongly Basic >9 Very Strongly Basic
Acidic Acidic Growth
Electrical conductivity <2000, 2000-4000 4000-8000 8000-16000 >16000 Extremely Saline

(μS/cm) Non saline Saline Moderately Saline Highly Saline
Total Nitrogen (%) <0.05 0.05-0.15 Low 0.15-0.25 0.25-0.5 High >0.5
Very Low Moderate Very High
Total Phosphorous <5 5-10 10-30 Moderate 30-60 High >60 Very High
(mg/kg) Very Low Low
Sodium - <200 Non Sodic 200-500 Moderate >500 Sodic
(mg/kg)
Potassium - <150 Low 150-250 Moderate 250-800 High >800 Very High
(mg/kg)
Calcium - <1000 1000-2000 Moderate >2000 High -
(mg/kg) Low
Magnesium <40 Very Low 40-100 100-300 Moderate >300 High -
(mg/kg) Low
% Organic Matter 0.5-1.0 1.0-2.0 2.0-3.0 Moderate 3.0-5.0 High >5
Very Low Low Very High
71
Observation
 The soil results were compared with soil standards. It has been observed that the pH of
the soil was ranging from 7.78 to 8.62 indicating the soils are basic in nature.
Conductivity of the soil ranges from 0.096 to 0.411 mS/cm. Since the EC value is less
than 2000 µS/cm, the soil is said to be Non saline in nature.
 Texture of the soil sample is predominantly loam. Soil organic content varied from 0.56
to 1.02% which indicates the very low level of organic matter.
 The available nitrogen content ranges between 18.6 to 41.4 mg/kg in the locality and the
value of phosphorus content varies between 45.8 to 112.3 mg/kg. This indicates that the
soil have very high quantities of Nitrogen and Phosphorus.
 The potassium content varies from 172 to 311 mg/kg which indicates that the soils have
high quantities of potassium.
From the above observations it was found that the soil in the Study area shows moderate
fertility.
3.14 Ecological Environment
Flora and fauna studies were conducted to assess the existing floral and faunal composition of
the area.
3.14.1 Objectives of Ecological Studies
The present study was undertaken with the objective of understanding the ecosystem on the
following lines:
• To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around proposed LPG plant
site; and
• To assess the distribution of animal life spectra.
3.14.2 Methodology Adopted for the Study
Assessment of the existing vegetation types in the core and buffer zones has been done using
standard procedures. The terrain of the impact zone is chiefly plain.
The Biodiversity studies were already carried out in the entire study area of 10 km radius.
The study of flora is conducted as per the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and
Forests, Government of India, with respect to the scope and objectives. The study involved in
72
collection of primary data by conducting survey in the field, examination of floral and faunal
records in previously published reports and records, and analysis of the information in view
of the possible alteration in environment of the proposed LPG Plant site. For the survey of
fauna both direct and indirect observation methods were used.
3.14.3.1 Flora in the Study Area
The list of flora observed in the buffer zone is given in Table 3.16:
Table 3.16: List of Flora Observed In the Study Area

S.No. Botanical Name Local Name
1. Mangifera indica Maa
2. Ixora coccinea Idlipoo
3. Aegle marmelos Vilvam
4. Pongamia glabra Vent Pungam
5. Psidium guajava Koyya
6. Azadirachta indica Vembu
7. Annona squamosa Pangiee
8. Bambusa arundinacae Mungil
9. Albizia amara Usilai
3.14.3.2 Fauna in the study area
The field studies are conducted to assess fauna in the study area. The list of animals present
in the study area are given in Table 3.17:
Table 3.17: List of Fauna Observed in the Study Area

S.No. Common Name Zoological Family/Order
1. Cat Felis catus
2. Dog Cannis familiaris
3. Frog Cannis vulpes
4. Goat Capra hircus
5. Ant Anochetus
6. Mosquito Anopheles rufipes
7. Crow Corvous corone
8. Common myna Acridotheres tristis
9. Lime butterfly Papilio demoleus
10. Lizard Gecko
11. Spotted deer Axis axis
73
3.14.4 Environmental Sensitivity
As per MoEF&CC guideline, 15 km radius from the project site is considered as study area
for evaluating environmental sensitivity. The description of the environmental sensitivity of
the proposed LPG Plant site is given below:
National Parks and Wild Life Sanctuaries

Gangaikondan Spotted deer sanctuary is 1.2km (E) away from the project site. There is no
National park or Bird sanctuary within the 15 km radius of the project site.
Reserve Forests
List of the reserve forests along with distance and direction with respect to the project site is
given in Table 3.18.
Table 3.18: Reserve Forests within 10 Km Radius of the Project Site

Direction w.r.t. Project
S.No. Name of Reserve Forest Distance
Site
1. Gangaikondan RF 91 Metres East
2. Thalaiyuthu RF 919 Metres West
3. Melpattam RF 6.6 Km South
Airport
The Tuticorin airport in Chennai is situated at a distance of 33.55 Km (SW) from the project
site. The proposed LPG plant site is not falling in aviation path.
Archaeological Protected Sites

There are no archaeological protected sites falling within the 10km radius of the proposed
LPG plant site.
3.15 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The assessment of socio-economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study.

Socio-Economic status of the population is an indicator for the development of the region.
Any developmental project of any magnitude will have a bearing on the living conditions and
on the economic base of population in particular and the region as a whole. Similarly, the
proposed LPG plant activities will have its share of socio-economic influence in the study
area. The section delineates the overall appraisal of society relevant attributes. The data
collection for evaluation of impact of proposed LPG plant site on socio-economic aspects in
74
the study area has been done through primary household survey and through the analysis of
secondary data available for study area.
3.15.1 Methodology
The methodology adopted in assessment of socio-economic condition is as given below;

• To assess socio-economic conditions of the Population
• Analysis of the identified social attributes like population distribution, availability of
public utilities etc., through Census of India 2011
• Primary household survey to assess the present status of population of the study area
3.15.2 Sources of Information
As per the scope of this study, the information on socio-economic aspects has been gathered
and compiled from several secondary sources. These include Taluk Office, Collectorate,
Agriculture Department, Irrigation Department, Central Ground Water Board, Directorate of
Census Operation, Tamil Nadu etc. The demographic data has mainly been compiled from
the Census of India 2011. The socio-economic details are briefly described in following
sections.
This section includes the present status of the socio-economic environment in the study area.
To determine the baseline socio-economic pattern, at and around the project site, the required
data have been obtained from the published data. Socio-economic base line data were
collected for the following indicators:
• Demographic Structure
• Economic Structure
• Availability of Basic Amenities
The major demographic and economic structure of the study area are classified into
population, literacy rate and workers details.
3.15.3 Settlement Pattern
The proposed LPG plant site is at Gangaikondan village, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu.
The area within 10 km radius from the proposed LPG Plant site has been considered as study
area.
75
3.15.3.1 Population
According to the 2011 census, Tirunelveli district has a population of 30,77,233. The district
has a population density 460 people per square kilometer. Its population growth rate over the
decade 2001-2011 was 12.97%. Tirunelveli has a sex ratio of 1023 females for every 1000
males and a literacy rate of 82.50 %.
3.15.3.2Demography
Almost all villages in the study area are experiencing a rapid growth of population, which
may be due to the process of urbanization and industrialization. According to 2011 census,
Tirunelveli district had a population of 30,77,233. With a sex-ratio of 1023 females for every
1,000 males. A total of 3,21,687 were under the age of six, constituting 1,64,157 males and
1,57,530 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 5,69,714 and 10,270
of the population respectively. Average literacy rate of Tirunelveli in 2011 were 82.50%
compared to 76.09% of 2001. The district had a total of 8,15,528 households. There were a
total of 12,71,407 main workers, comprising 1,07,943 main cultivators, 3,21,083 main
agricultural laborer’s, 6,26,714 other workers, 1,65,047 marginal workers, 7,772 marginal
cultivators, 58,680 marginal agricultural laborers. The district has a population density of 460
inhabitants per square kilometer.
3.15.3.3 Distribution of Population
The distribution of population in the study area is given in Table 3.19.
Table 3.19- Distribution of Population in the Study Area

Particulars Study
Area
No. of Households 19,111
Male Population 35,476
Female Population 35,672
Total Population 71,148
Average Household Size 3.72
Sex ratio 1005
The males and females constitute about 49.86% and 50.13% respectively of the total
population in the study area.
76
3.15.3.4 Average Household Size
The study area had a family size of 3.72 as per census records. This lower family size could
be attributed to a high degree of urbanization with migration of people with higher literacy
levels who generally opt for smaller family size with family welfare measures and also due to
the prevalence of single member families, a common phenomenon in mining and industrial
areas.
3.15.3.5 Sex Ratio
The configuration of male and female indicates that the males constituted about 51.15%
population while the females worked out to be 48.84% of the population. The sex ratio i.e.
the number of females per 1000 males, which indirectly reveals certain sociological aspects
in relation with female births, infant mortality among female children and single person
family structure, a resultant of migration of industrial workers, was found at 1005.
3.15.3.6 Social Structure
Census records show that about 25.29% of the population belonged to Scheduled Castes (SC)
and 0.15% to Scheduled Tribes (ST). This indicates that the weaker section people work out
to about 25.45% of the total population and the remaining 74.54% people belong to Other
Backward Castes and forward castes. The distribution of population by social structure in the
study area is presented in Table 3.20.
Table 3.20 - Distribution of Population by Social Structure

S.
Particulars Study Area
No.
1 Scheduled Castes 18,000
2 % to total population 25.29
3 Scheduled Tribes 109
5 Total SC and ST 18,109
7 Other Castes 53,039
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3.15.3.7 Literacy Levels
The distribution of literate and literacy rate in the study area is given in Table 3.21.
Table 3.21 - Distribution of Literate and Literacy Rates

Study
S. No. Particulars
Area
1 Total literate 52,012
2 Average literacy (%) 73.10
3 Total illiterates 19,136
Average illiteracy
4 26.89
(%)
The literacy rate works out to 73.10%. The rate of illiteracy was observed to be 26.89% in the
study area. This indicates a major sociological development in the region. This can be
attributed to the Tamil Nadu Government's literacy improvement schemes.
3.15.3.8 Occupational Structure
The occupational structure of residents in the study area is studied with reference to main
workers and non-workers. The main workers include 10 categories of workers defined by the
Census Department consisting of cultivators, agricultural labourers, those engaged in live-
stock, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying; manufacturing, processing and repairs in
household industry; and other than household industry, construction, trade and commerce,
transport and communication and other services. As per census records altogether the
workers works out to be 43.86% of the total population. The occupational structure of the
study area is given in Table 3.22.
Table 3.22 - Occupational Structure

Study Area
S. No. Occupation % to
No.
Population
1 Total workers 31,210 43.86
2 Total non-workers 39,938 56.13
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3.15.4 Availability of Infrastructure
Availability of infrastructure and facilities denote the level of overall development in the
study area. The list of industries, schools, colleges and hospitals located near the study area
are given below:
Industries
• Elcot IT Park
• Alliance Tire Group
• M/s.BOSCH Limited.
• M/s.Ramco Industries Ltd.
• M/s.South India Bottling Company Pvt Ltd.
• India Cements Limited
Institutions
• Sankar Polytehnic College
• Thamirabharani Engineering College
• Sri Jayendra Golden Jubilee School
Tourist & Pilgrim

• Fire Flame Church
• St. Luke Church
• St. Theresa’s Church
• Chepparai Natarajar Temple
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CHAPTER 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 INTRODUCTION
The anticipated impacts of the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities at SIPCOT Industrial
Growth Centre, Gangaikondan village, Tirunelveli District on environment have been evaluated
and predicted based on the information collected at the site and the information provided by the
IOCL.
The environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts
are those which are attributed directly by the construction and operation of the project, secondary
impacts are those which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment
and changed patterns of social and economic activities by the construction and operation of
proposed facilities.
There is no sensitive location of ecological, historical or strategic importance around the IOCL’s
proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities. Therefore, no such impact is anticipated during
construction and operation phases of proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities.
The proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities would create impact on the environment in two
distinct phases:
• During construction phase as temporary or short-term; and which is now over.

• During operational phase which would have long-term effects during the life cycle of
project.
The construction and operational phases of the LPG storage and bottling facilities and
distribution facility comprise various activities, which have been considered to assess the impact
on one or another environmental parameters.
• Topography,
• Soil,
• Water Resources and Quality,
• Climatology and Meteorology,
• Air Quality,
• Noise Levels,
• Land Use Pattern,
• Terrestrial Ecology,
• Aquatic Ecology,
• Demographic and Socio-economic.
80
The details of the activities of the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities during construction
and operation phases are described in the following sections:
4.2.1 Impact on Topography

4.2.1.1 Construction Phase
The mounded bullets, filling machines and unloading bays have been constructed within the
plant site. Existing topography of the area was not altered during the construction activities
within the site. Hence, impact on topography was not envisaged during construction of the
proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities.
Mitigation Measures
• Land clearing at the site was kept at the absolute minimum practicable;
• Construction site was designed to minimize the removal of soil and vegetation;
• Excavated earth from foundation was used at the LPG plant for leveling and filling.
4.2.1.2 Operation Phase

During operation phase of proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities, no impact is anticipated
on the topography, therefore, no mitigation measure is required.
4.2.2 Impact on Regional Climate

During construction and operation of IOCL’s LPG bottling plant, no stack gas emissions are
anticipated, therefore, no impact is anticipated on the climatology and meteorology of the area
during the construction and operation phase of LPG plant. Hence, no mitigation measure is
required.
4.2.3 Impact on Air Environment

The sources of air emissions during construction included dust and gaseous emissions from:
• From construction activity for installation of proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities.
• Emissions from vehicles bringing materials to the site.
• From operation of construction equipment.
These emissions were resulted in temporary degradation of air quality, primarily, close to the
working environment affecting construction employees. Dust and other emissions were not
spread in vicinity of site and surroundings.
The excavated of the earth from proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities during construction
resulted emission of suspended particulate matter (SPM). However, the suspended particulate
81
matter (SPM) rise in the ambient air were coarse in size and settled within a short distance closed
to the construction site. Therefore, dust and gaseous emissions due to construction activities at
proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities did not affected the surrounding.
Hence, the impacts on the ambient air quality during construction phase was temporary and
reversible in nature for short duration and it was restricted to short distance only.
Mitigation Measures
• Construction materials were fully covered during transportation by road to the project site.
• Dust suppression systems (water spray) were used as per requirement at the construction site.
• Construction area was cordoned off by tin sheets up to about 3 m height.
• Earth moving equipment, typically with a grader blade and ripper were used for excavation
work.
• Construction vehicles and machineries were maintained properly and “Pollution under Control”
certificate were kept up-to-date and checked.
• Mixing of cement with other building materials was done at isolated place.
4.2.3.2 Operation Phase

During the normal operation of the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities, there will be no
continuous source of air emissions. Hence, the impact on ambient air quality will be insignificant
during operation phase.
During operation phase, intermittent gaseous emissions are anticipated from DG sets which will be
operated during grid power failure at proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities. DG sets will be
fitted with stack of sufficient height as per CPCB guidelines to achieve natural dispersion of
pollutants.
During receipt of LPG through bullet tankers and distribution of LPG cylinders, increase in
vehicular emissions is anticipated due to bullet truck and Cylinder truck movement. As an estimate
30 – 35 trucks will be reaching proposed LPG plant for unloading of LPG and distribution cylinders
to authorized dealers in the area. To control vehicular emissions, truck/tankers engaged in bulk LPG
transportation and distribution of LPG cylinders will essentially have Pollution under Control
Certificate (PUCC) to minimize vehicular emissions. It will be ensured at the gate of IOCL LPG
plant gate. Therefore, during operation phase the impacts on the ambient air quality shall be
insignificant.
Mitigation Measures
• DG sets will be fitted the stacks of sufficient height as per CPCB guidelines to achieve natural
dispersion of exhaust gases.
• Compulsory Pollution Under Control Certificate (PUCC) for bullet trucks and cylinder trucks to
minimize vehicular emissions
82
Overall impact of proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities in the study area will be positive
and beneficial in long term, as distribution of LPG cylinders will replace or minimize use of
traditional fuels, such as, wood, coal, petroleum oils and subsequently improvement in ambient air
quality of the area will be observed.
4.2.4. Impact on Noise Environment

Some noise was generated due to operation of construction machines. However, these noise sources
were temporary nature and were operated mostly during day-time and for short duration.
At the time of construction/erection of mounded bullets, bottling machine, unloading bays, no major
noise was generated.
At proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities, construction activities produced maximum noise
levels of about 80 dB(A) during various erection activities like, excavation, hammering,
construction equipment operation etc at the construction site. The construction workers in general
were exposed to an equivalent noise level of 75-80 dB(A) intermittently for which all statutory
precautions as per law were taken into consideration. The mandatory use of proper personal
protective equipment mitigated adverse impact of the noise generated by equipment to the workers
during construction phase. Noise levels from construction activities were reduced significantly at
the boundary of proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities. Hence, impact of noise generation
from the construction of the proposed facilities IOCL plant in surrounding area was insignificant in
nature.
Mitigation Measures
• Acoustic treatment of enclosure to DG Sets to control noise level as per CPCB guidelines.
• Provision of rubber anti vibration padding to DG sets.
• Provision of silencers to modulate the noise generated by machines; and
• Provide protective devices like ear muff/plugs to the workers.
4.2.4.2. Operation Phase

The average ambient noise level at the boundary walls of the proposed LPG storage and bottling
facilities, as monitored during baseline data generation are in the range of 40.9 to 51.8 dB(A). At
the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities, pumps, DG sets, fire pumps, unloading bays and
cylinders truck and bullet tankers will be major source of noise generation. The noise levels from
these sources shall be in the range of 70 to 80 dB (A). DG sets will be intermittent source of
noise generation and will be operated only during grid power failure. To control noise levels, DG
sets have been provided with acoustic enclosures and anti vibration pads.
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Hence, anticipated impact of noise generation from proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities
during operation phase will be limited within the boundary.
Mitigation Measures
• Noise levels from proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities will not reach its boundary.
• DG sets room will be acoustically treated to control noise levels as per CPCB guidelines.
• Ear muff and ear plugs will be provided to operators while working DG sets rooms/high
noise areas.
4.2.5 Impact on Water Environment

The existing water quality around proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities has been assessed
by conducting water quality monitoring from February, March and April 2015.
4.2.5.1. Water Requirement

The raw and potable water requirement of the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities will
be supplied by SIPCOT. Water is required mainly for fire fighting, service water, washing and
potable purposes. The average water consumption of bottling plant will be about 4 kld.
The proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities will be limited to unloading of LPG, storage in
mounded bullets (3 x 600 MT) and LPG bottling facilities and dispatch of LPG cylinders to
consumers by trucks. Hence, the water consumption will be 4 KLD. Domestic water
requirement will be 3 KLD. The quantity of sewage generated during operation phase of the
plant will be 2.4 KLD, which will be disposed through septic tank followed by soak pit.
For washing of cylinders approx 1 KLD water will be required. Waste water generated from
cylinders washing will be collected in settling tank and dosed for flocculation of suspended
particles. Treated water from clarifier will be reused for cylinders washing purpose.
Water Resources
Construction Phase
The requirement of water during the construction phase was as 3-5 kl/day. The construction
activities at proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities have not affect the ground water
aquifers and surface water bodies in any way as the water requirement was very small and
obtained from SIPCOT water supply. Therefore, no significant impact is anticipated on surface
and ground water resources of the area during construction phase.
Mitigation Measures
• Use of water was minimized during construction phase.
• Drainage channels and storm water drains was constructed at the site.
84
Operation Phase
For normal operation of LPG storage and bottling facilities, no process water is required.
However, about 1 KLD of water will be required for cylinder washing, obtained from local water
supply. For domestic purpose only 3 KLD water will be required at the proposed LPG storage
and bottling facilities.
Mitigation Measures
• Treated waste water from washing will be reused for washing purpose to minimize the use
of fresh water.
Water Quality
Construction Phase
During construction phase of LPG bottling plant, small quantity of metal cuttings, soil debris, etc
were generated as waste which were cleared after construction activity was over and same were
disposed in environmental sound manner. Therefore, no significant impact could be observed on
ground and surface water quality of the area during construction phase.
Mitigation Measures
• The excavation work was carried out during non-monsoon season.

• All the debris generated from construction site were collected and disposed suitably.
• A sediment trap was provided to prevent the discharge of excessive suspended solids.
• An oil trap was provided in the drainage line to prevent contamination by accidental
spillage.
• To prevent contamination from accidental spillage of fuel oil, the storage areas were
bunded and cleaned at regular intervals.
• Sewage generated from the site was treated in septic tank followed by soak pit
Operational Phase
During operation of proposed LPG plant, no process effluent will be generated. For washing of
cylinders approx 1 KLD water will be required. Waste water generated from cylinders washing
will be collected in settling tank. Treated water from clarifier will be reused for cylinders
washing purpose.
During operation the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities, 2.4 KLD sewage will be
generated, which will be disposed through septic tank followed by soak pit. Hence, during the
operation of the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities, no impact is anticipated on water
quality.
85
Mitigation Measures
• Waste water generated from cylinders washing will be collected in settling tank and dosed for
flocculation of suspended particles. Treated water from clarifier will be reused for cylinders
washing purpose.
• Proper collection and disposal of solid and hazardous waste to be generated from proposed
LPG storage and bottling facilities
4.2.6 Soil
4.2.6.1. Impact on Soil
Construction Phase
During the construction of LPG bottling plant, construction wastes such as excavated soil, debris,
some pipes/ metal waste and very small amount of oil & grease were generated. These wastes were
disposed-off properly in environmentally sound manner.
Mitigation Measures
• Construction debris, fuel, oil drums, used grease cartridges were collected and disposed of
properly;
• Lubricating waste oil were collected separately in drums and same was handed over to waste
oil recyclers as authorized by TNPCB as per CPCB guidelines.
• All solid wastes were cleared after construction activities.
Operational Phase
During operation of proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities, no process waste will be
generated in any form. It is estimated that about 20 kg municipal solid waste may be generated
by workers, canteen and truck drivers. Municipal solid waste generated from proposed LPG
storage and bottling facilities will be segregated in the form of recyclable waste, biodegradable
waste and non bio-degradable wastes. Recyclable waste including paper, plastic, etc will be sent
for recycling. Biodegradable waste will be used for composting at the LPG plant to produce
manure for green belt.
Occasionally, used oil will be generated from DG sets and engines maintenance, which is
categorized as Hazardous Waste as per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and
Transboundary Movement) Rule 2008. The used oil at the LPG bottling plant will be stored in
containers and handed over to MoEF&CC/Tamil Nadu State Pollution Control Board approved
Used Oil recyclers for recycling purpose.
Hence, no significant impact is anticipated on soil of the area and at proposed LPG storage and
bottling facilities.
86
Mitigation Measures
• Municipal solid waste generated from the proposed LPG bottling plant will be segregated in
the form of recyclable waste, biodegradable waste and non bio-degradable wastes. Recyclable
waste including paper, plastic, etc will be sent for recycling.
• Biodegradable waste will be used for composting to produce manure for green belt.
• Sludge will be generated from septic tank, which will be used as manure for green belt.
• Used oil will be collected separately in drums and sold to MOEF&CC/TNPCB authorized
used oil recyclers for recycling.
4.2.6 Land Use Pattern

The proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities is located within land leased in SIPCOT
industrial growth centre. Therefore, no impact is anticipated on the land use of the area during
construction and operation phases. Therefore, no management plan is required.
4.2.7. Biological Environment

Construction Phase
The construction of LPG mounded bullets and LPG bottling plant will not require cutting of trees
and vegetation. Therefore, adverse impact on the terrestrial ecology would be insignificant in
nature.
Operational Phase
The proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities will not have any impact of terrestrial ecology
of the area as no trees cutting is required during operation phase.
Mitigation Measures
• At LPG bottling plant peripheral green belt will be developed around the plant boundary.
• In the open area landscaping will be carried out.
4.2.7.1. Impact on Forest & Wild Life

There would not be any impact on Gangaikondan spotted deer sanctuary and forest from the
proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities.
4.2.7.2 Impact on Aquatic Ecology
No impact is envisaged on aquatic ecology from the operation of proposed LPG storage and
bottling facilities during construction or operational phases as there is no water body in the
vicinity of the proposed plant.
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4.2.8 Socio-economic Environment

Construction Phase
The construction of proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities has been done at industrial plot.
Therefore, socio-economic impacts linked to the acquisition of land were not appeared in the
project.
The proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities generated direct and indirect employment
opportunities during the construction phase. About 50 local skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled
labourers got employment in the construction activities. This was a moderate positive impact of
the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities.
The construction of the proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities had beneficial impacts as
some local unskilled, semiskilled and skilled persons gained direct or indirect employment.
Since the immigration of work force during construction of proposed LPG storage and bottling
facilities was insignificant, the social impacts on literacy, health care, transport and housing
facilities and cultural aspects were also insignificant.
Operational Phase
The major positive socio-economic impact will be observed in the form of the following:
• Reduction of Emissions: The proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities will ensure
availability of LPG for domestic and industrial establishments in the region which will help
in minimization of use fossil fuel (petrol, HSD, furnace oil, etc), coal, wood, etc.
Consequently, it will help in maintaining cleaner environment due to reduction in emissions.
• Improved Health Conditions: Use of LPG as a cleaner fuel will also create healthy
environmental conditions and help in uplift of socio-economic conditions of people of the
region.
4.3 Conclusions
In view of the above facts and figures, it may be concluded that the proposed LPG storage and
bottling facilities at SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre near Gangaikondan village in Tirunelveli
district of Tamil Nadu, shall not result in any adverse environmental impacts on physical
features, water, noise and air environment, biological and socio-economic environment. The
proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities shall generate additional direct/indirect employment
and indirect service sector enhancement in the region and would help in the socio-economic up-
liftment of the state as well as the local area. The proposed LPG storage and bottling facilities
will make available LPG as a cleaner fuel and will subsequently create healthy environmental
conditions, which will result in uplift of socio-economic conditions of people of the region.
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CHAPTER 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 INTRODUCTION
The consideration of technological alternatives for proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling
facilities at SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre near Gangaikondan village in Tirunelveli district,
is one of the more proactive side of environmental assessment - enhancing the project through
examining options instead of only focusing on the more defensive task of reducing adverse
impacts of a single option of the project. This requires the systematic comparison of feasible
alternatives for technology and operational alternatives. Alternatives are compared in terms of
their potential environmental impacts, capital and recurrent costs, suitability under local
conditions, etc.
The examining alternative means of carrying out a project involves answering the following
three questions:
(i) What are the alternatives?,

(ii) What are the environmental impacts associated with each alternative?, and
(iii) What is the rationale for selecting the preferred alternative?
5.2 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY

The proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities relates to installation of 3 nos. of
mounded bullets of 600 MT capacity each, 8 TLD bays, 2x24 Carousals and other online
facilities for unloading, storage and filling of LPG at the proposed plant. IOCL has proven
technology of installation and operation of mounded bullets. The expertise of IOCL in mounded
vessel storage is well proven and working efficiently at different locations of the country. IOCL
is having excellent track record and progressive outlook in regularly updating its technology.
The technology adopted by IOCL for installation of mounded bullets for storage of LPG is a
fail-safe especially for BLEVE.
5.3 ALTERNATIVE SITE

The proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities has been installed on the land leased in
SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre near Gangaikondan village in Tirunelveli district. The reasons
favorable to setting up the proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities at SIPCOT,
Gangaikondan village are:
1. The proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities is located in the SIPCOT Industrial
Growth Centre, where basic infrastructure of roads, power, water etc. is readily available.
89
2. Presently, there is no IOCL bottling plants in down south of Madurai, i.e. in the districts
of Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari and Nagercoil. Hence, this plant will cater to the
demands of the above districts and Trivandram, Kerala.
3. There is an estimated saving of Rs. 14.48 Crores/annum towards logistic cost.
4. The site is located near high demand area.
5. There is no likelihood of any residential development in the vicinity of the proposed bulk
LPG storage and bottling facilities.
6. Possible mutual aid in emergency will be available in the industrial area.
7. Adequate availability of land within the proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities
for future expansion.
Owing to the various advantages listed above, SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre,
Gangaikondan was chosen.
5.4 ALTERNATIVES FOR LPG STORAGE AND FILLING FACILITIES

The proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities is located in SIPCOT industrial area,
where infrastructure facilities such as land, road, power, etc are already available. No land
acquisition is required and adverse impacts related to land acquisition will not be appeared.
5.5 ALTERNATIVE FOR RISK REDUCTION FOR LPG

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) handling has many challenges due to its inherent dangerous
properties. Some of the major fires/explosions have underlined the need for total in depth review
of design, procedures maintenance fire fighting and safety aspects in LPG handling.
For proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities, mounded storage bullets technology has
been selected as per OISD 150. The major benefit of mounded storage bullets is that it eliminates
possibility of BLEVE. The BLEVE in mounded storage cannot occur, therefore, mounded
storage of LPG is considered relatively safe in comparison to above ground bullets and Horton
spheres. Further, mounded bullets will be automated and cathodically protected, hence,
possibility of release of LPG will be negligible and system will be relatively safe.
The cover of the mound protects the bullets from fire engulfment, radiation from a fire in close
proximity and acts of sabotage or vandalism. The area of land required to locate mounded system
is minimal compared to conventional storage. Mounded tanks are semi-conventional pressure
vessels, covered by a layer of sand and stone aggregates. The cover of the mound protects the
vessel from fire engulfment, radiation from a fire in close proximity and acts of sabotage or
vandalism. Details of mounded bullet construction are as given below:
90
MOC for Bullets: MS - IS 2041/2062 Fr Steel Plates.
The dimensions of the mound are 9.11m (H) & 50m (L) x 64m (B).
Excavation up to a depth of 0.75 M is done for construction of mounded bullet foundation
(Below FGL).
Bullets are fabricated at site and positioned on sand bed
Total quantity of sand required is approximately 16,500 cu.m
91
CHAPTER 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 INTRODUCTION
Regular monitoring program for the environmental parameters is essential to take account the
changes in the environment due to proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities. To
ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental
management plan during operation phase of the proposed LPG bottling plant, it is essential
that an effective environmental monitoring plan be designed and followed during operation
phases.
The objectives of environmental monitoring plan for proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling
facilities are:
• to verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular with regards to proposed
pipeline;
• to follow the trend of concentration values of the parameters which have been identified
as critical;
• to check or assess the efficiency of the mitigation measures; and
• to ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment study,
do not become critical through the proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities.
The environmental monitoring is the primary tool for assessing the prevailing quality of air,
water, noise, land etc. The environmental monitoring helps in suggesting and taking
corrective course corrections, monitored parameters are exceeding. The monitoring of
various environmental parameters for ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil
quality will be carried out on a regular basis at and around the proposed bulk LPG storage
and bottling facilities to ascertain the following:
• Pollution caused due to operations within the proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling
facilities.
• Change in environmental quality within and outside the proposed bulk LPG storage and
bottling facilities
• To assess environmental impacts after operation of proposed bulk LPG storage and
bottling facilities.
• Evaluate the efficiency of pollution control systems installed.
The environmental monitoring shall be periodic and comply with the promulgated standards.
The frequency of monitoring of various environmental components and frequency to be
monitored is given in Table 6.1.
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6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SCHEDULES

6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring
Ambient air quality parameters suggested during operation phase of the proposed bulk LPG
storage and bottling facilities, are Particulate Matters (PM 2.5 ), Particulate Matter (PM 10 ),
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ), Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). These are to
be monitored at designated locations starting from the commencement of construction
activities. Data should be generated 24 hourly during operation phase at identified locations
in accordance to the National Ambient Air Quantity Standards. During operation phase, there
will not be any major source of air emissions except DG sets and vehicular emissions through
LPG road bullet tankers and cylinder trucks approaching for loading of LPG. Six monthly
ambient air quality monitoring should be carried out at boundaries of proposed LPG plant for
Particulate Matters (PM 2.5 ), Particulate Matter (PM 10 ), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ), Sulphur
Dioxide (SO 2 ) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). Six monthly monitoring should be done for Total
Hydrocarbons in LPG Bullet tanker unloading areas and LPG cylinder truck parking areas.
6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring
At the proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities, there will not be any source for
ground and surface water contamination during construction and operation phases. However,
ground water sampling and analysis can be carried out at the proposed bulk LPG storage and
bottling facilities during operation phases. The locations, duration and pollution parameters to
be monitored and necessary institutional arrangements are detailed in the environmental
monitoring plan. The monitoring of the ground water quality will be carried out at one
location in accordance to Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500 for relevant
parameters as directed by Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB).
6.2.3 Noise Levels Monitoring
During operation phase of proposed LPG bottling plant, noise will be generated due to
cylinder handling, DG sets operation, vehicles/truck movement. The measurement of noise
levels would be carried out at suggested locations in accordance to the Ambient Noise
Standards formulated by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC).
Noise levels would be monitored on twenty-four hourly basis. Noise measurements should be
recorded at “A” weighted frequency using a slow time response mode of the measuring
instrument. The noise measurement location and duration are detailed in the environmental
monitoring plan.
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

Environmental monitoring plan for operation phases of the proposed bulk LPG storage and
bottling facilities is given in Table 6.1.
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Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Proposed LPG Bottling Plant
Environment Project stage Parameter Standards Location Duration / Implementation Supervision
al Frequency
Component
Ambient Air Operation HC in IOCL -- • LPG Six Monthly Environmental IOCL
Phase LPG Plant Unloading Cell of IOCL or
Area Facilities MoEF&CC/
NABL approved
monitoring
• LPG Truck agency
Bullet Parking
Area
PM 2.5 , PM 10 , National At boundary wall Continuous 24- IOCL through IOCL
SO 2 , NO 2 , Ambient in upwind and hourly once in MoEF&CC/
CO & HC on Quality down wind a month . NABL approved
Boundary of Standards direction at monitoring
IOCL LPG boundary of agency
plant bulk LPG storage
and bottling
facilities
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Environment Project stage Parameter Standards Location Duration / Implementation Supervision

al Frequency
Component
Water Quality Operation As per IS: As Water bulk LPG storage Once in a year IOCL through IOCL
Phase 10500 for quality and bottling MoEF/TNPCB/
relevant standards facilities NABL approved
parameters in monitoring
consultation (IS 10500) agency
with TNPCB
Noise Operation Noise Level in As per At propose LPG 24-hourly IOCL through IOCL
Measurements Phase dB (A) National Noise bottling plant measurement, MoEF/TNPCB/
standards once quarterly . NABL approved
• LPG monitoring
Unloading agency
Facilities
LPG Truck
Tanker Parking
Area
95
PROPOSED TIRUNELVELI LPG BOTTLING PLANT
6.4 LPG LEAK DETECTION MECHANISM

The leakage of LPG will monitored through gas monitoring sensors (GMS) that have installed at
strategic points inside the bulk LPG storage and bottling facilities premises. At present there are
35 Nos. of GMS sensors have been installed which are connected to a PC in the control room for
monitoring the leak levels. The sensors will give initial alarm at 20% LEL and continuous alarm
at 60% LEL so that the leakage can be controlled before the concentration of LPG reaches its
lower explosive limit. The records are analyzed on daily basis by the concerned officer and
faults are rectified on immediate basis.
All the persons working inside the plant premises are mandatorily required to wear protection
devices such as safety shoes and safety helmets in order to protect them from fatal injuries.
Safety week is celebrated every year to create awareness among persons in order to develop a
good culture. To monitor the health of people working in plant a doctor has also appointed who
visits the plant three times a week and free checkups are carried out for all the persons in the
plant.
6.5 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

In order to implement the proposed environmental management program efficiently within the
organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines and mid course
corrections/actions, if required based on the environmental monitoring results, management
intends to establish environmental cell for successful implementation. The roles &
responsibilities are clearly defined among the personnel within the environmental cell. The
responsibilities of personnel are given in Table 6.2.
Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL is shown in Figure 6.1.
96
PROPOSED TIRUNELVELI LPG BOTTLING PLANT
Figure 6.1: Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL
Table 6.2: Responsibilities of Personnel of the HS&E Cell

Designation Responsibility
Plant Manager Over all planning, execution and management of environmental
protective measures and monitoring of parameters and various Socio-
economic measures, disaster management measures and training
programs regularly.
Safety In charge To ensure the activities are carried out as per the OSHAS standard and
all the employed given safety a primary importance while working at
the Lease Area.
Manager- In charge Overall in-charge of Monitoring of Environmental parameters and
effectiveness of environmental protective measures taken and decide
about the additional protective measures in safeguarding the overall
ecology and environment.
Medical Officer Healthy check-up of working persons, for identifying occupational

(Part Time) Health hazards, if any. The doctor will be available 3 days/week for
periodic health monitoring.
97
CHAPTER 7
RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1 INTRODUCTION
Industrial plants deal with materials, which are generally hazardous in nature by virtue of
their intrinsic chemical properties or their temperature or pressure of operation or a
combination of these. Fire, explosion, hazardous release or a combination of these are the
hazards associated with industrial plants. These have resulted in the development of more
comprehensive, systematic and sophisticated methods of Safety Engineering such as Hazard
Analysis and Risk Assessment to improve upon the integrity, reliability and safety of
industrial plants.
The primary emphasis in safety engineering is to reduce risk to human life and environment.
The broad tools attempt to minimize the chances of accidents occurring. There always exists,
no matter how remote, that small probability of a major accident occurring. If the accident
involves highly hazardous materials in sufficient large quantities, the consequences may be
serious to the plant, to surrounding areas and the populations therein.
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT AND HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Risk is defined as the unwanted consequences of a particular activity in relation to the

likelihood that this may occur. Risk assessment thus comprises of two variables, magnitude
of consequences and the probability of occurrence of accident.
The first step in risk assessment is identification of hazards. Hazard is defined as a physical
or chemical condition with the potential of accident which can cause damage to people,
property or the environment. Hazards are identified by careful review of plant operation and
nature of materials used. The various scenarios by which an accident can occur are then
determined, concurrently study of both probability and the consequences of an accident is
carried out and finally risk assessment is made. If this risk is acceptable then the study is
complete. If the risk is unacceptable then the system must be modified and the procedure is
restarted.
7.3 LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG)
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a colourless and odourless gas. It is highly

flammable at normal temperature and pressure (flammability limits 2.2% to 9.6 % in air),
therefore there should be no ignition sources in close proximity to areas where LPG is stored
and handled. On release it may give rise to both fire and explosion hazards. LPG is a blend of
Propane and Butane, readily liquefied under moderate pressure. LPG has a density of 1.5 to
2.0 and is heavier than air, therefore, difficult to disperse. It should never be used or stored
98
below ground, as this could result in asphyxiation when released in a confined space. Since
LPG has only a faint scent, a mercaptan odorant is added to help in detection of its leakage
especially when used as a domestic fuel. In the event of a LPG leak, the vapourisation of
liquid cools the surrounding atmospheric air and condenses the water vapour contained in it
to form a whitish fog, which is easy to observe. LPG in fairly large concentrations displaces
oxygen leading to a nauseous or suffocating feeling.
Physical and chemical properties of LPG are as given below:
Boiling Point : - 42 ºC - 0ºC

Vapour Pressure : 300 – 1400 kPa @ 40ºC
Solubility in Water @ 20ºC : < 200ppm
Physical State : Liquid (gas at ambient
pressure)
Colour : Colourless
Specific Gravity : Liquid 0.51 – 0.58 (water = 1)
Vapour : 1.52 – 2.01 (air = 1)
Autoignition Temperature : 466.1 ºC
Flammable Limits LEL
- Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) : 2.2% (in air v/v)
Flammable Limits UEL
- Upper Flammability Limit (UFL) : 9.6% (in air v/v)
As part of LPG storage and filling facilities, IOCL has opted for proposed mounded
bullets for storage of LPG. Hence in this case, there is no possibility of Boiling Liquid
Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) as in the event of early fire, flame impingement or
heating of bullet will not be possible on proposed mounded bullet. Therefore, from mounded
bullets, release of LPG is possible only from leakage in piping, valves or flanges, etc.
7.4 HAZARDS FROM LPG STORAGE AND HANDLING
7.4.1 Jet Fire
If released LPG is ignited immediately, jet fire may take place. The extent of injury to
people depends on the heat flux and duration of exposure to heat.
7.4.2 Vapour Cloud Explosion
If released LPG is not ignited immediately, the cloud of vapour LPG will spread in
the surrounding area. LPG vapours are heavier than air and tend to settle down at lower
level. As long as the LPG concentration is between the lower and higher flammability
99
limits, the LPG vapour cloud may be set on fire by an ignition source. For generation of
over pressure effect, some degree of confinement of the flammable cloud is required.
7.4.3 Flash Fire
When released quantities of LPG are not ignited immediately, vapour cloud of LPG spreads
in the surrounding area, some portion of LPG vapour cloud will have LPG concentration
between the lower and upper flammable limits, the LPG vapour cloud may be set on fire by
an ignition source in entire length of flammable LPG vapour cloud resulting flash fire. In the
event of flash fire, essentially, no over pressure effect is possible.
7.5 HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS DUE TO RELEASE OF LPG
As a result of release of LPG followed by immediate or delayed ignition, following

hazardous conditions may be encountered:
7.5.1 Thermal Effects
In case of jet fire, thermal effect is likely to cause injury or damage to people and damage to
objects. A substantial body of experimental data exists and forms the basis for thermal effect
estimation. The consequence caused by exposure to heat radiation is a function of:
• Radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2];

• Exposure duration [sec];
• Protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).
The following damage distances for thermal radiation are used in the risk analysis:
37.5 kW/m2 : Damage to process equipment. 100% fatality in 60 s exposure.

1% fatality in 10 s exposure.
12.5 kW/m2 : First degree burn in 10 s exposure
4.0 kW/m2 : First degree burn in 30 s exposure
7.5.2 Delayed Ignition and Explosion
In case of delayed ignition of LPG cloud, two physical effects may occur in following ways:
• Flash fire over the whole or part of the LPG vapour cloud;
• Vapour cloud explosion that results in blast wave with typical peak overpressures in
circle around the ignition source. Vapour cloud explosion to occur some degree of
confinement is essential.
100
TNO Multi-energy method is used to calculate the blast overpressure. Table 7.1 gives extent
of damage with respect to the peak overpressure resulting from a blast wave:
Table 7.2 given provides an illustrative listing of damage effects caused by peak
overpressure.
7.6 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARD FOR LPG UNLOADING AND STORAGE

AND FILLING
7.6.1 Categories of Hazards
For identification of hazards during handling and storage of LPG, it is essential to identify
categories of hazard. Hazard categories, which may be responsible for accidental release of
LPG from proposed expansion are listed in Table 7.3.
7.6.2 Hazard Identification (HAZID)
Hazard Identification (HAZID) for the LPG storage and billing distribution facilities has been
carried out for likely hazardous events which may cause major accident hazards. A
systematic investigation has been carried with special focus on external events that could
potentially impact the operation and safety of facility during transfer, storage and distribution
of LPG.
7.7 Release and Outcome Scenarios
Based on unloading conditions and storage & handling conditions of LPG at the IOCL’s,
maximum credible LPG release and outcome scenarios which may result during operation of
proposed LPG storage and filling facilities are given in Table 7.4.
Table 7.1 : Damage Effects Due to Overpressure

Peak Overpressure Extent of Type
0.830 bar Total Destruction
0.350 bar Heavy Damage
0.170 bar Moderate Damage
0.100 bar Minor Damage
Table 7.2 : Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures

Peak Overpressure (Bar) Failure
0.005 5 % Window Shattering
0.02 50 % Window Shattering
101
Peak Overpressure (Bar) Failure

0.07 Collapse of a roof of a tank
0.07-0.14 Connection failure of panelling
0.08-0.1 Minor Damage to Steel Framework
0.15-0.2 Concrete block wall shattered
0.2 Collapse of Steel Framework
0.2-0.3 Collapse of self framing Steel panel building
0.2-0.3 Ripping of empty oil tanks
0.2-0.3 Deformation of a pipe bridge
0.2-0.4 Big trees topple over
0.3 Panelling torn off
0.35-0.4 Piping failure
0.35-0.8 Damage to Distillation Column
0.4-0.85 Collapse of pipe bridge
0.5 Loaded Train Wagon overturned
0.5 Brick walls shattered
0.5-1.0 Movement of round tank, failure of connecting
piping
(Source: TNO)
Table 7.3 : Hazard Categories

Extreme Weather and Natural Disasters Human Factors
• High winds; • Occupational accidents;
• Squalls; • Improper and Inadequate training;
• Lightning; • Non availability of SOPs; etc
• Cyclone;
• Earthquake; etc
Process Upsets Structural Failures
• Pressure deviations; • Subsidence;
• Temperature deviations; • Seismic;
• Flow deviations; • Corrosion;
• Level deviations; etc • Fatigue; etc
Loss of Containment Inspection and Maintenance

• Corrosion; • Confined Space;
• Change in fluid properties; • Non Accessibility;
• Deviation in Design / Operating • Reduced visibility;
Conditions; • Non availability of maintenance
• Unloading activities; and inspection schedules; etc
• Maintenance activities;
• Human errors during:
102
-operations maintenance;
-Instrumentation; etc
• Ignition sources:
- Electrical;
- Hot surface; etc
Table 7.4 : Selected Scenarios for Consequence Analysis

Sn. Release Source Failure Mode Possible Outcomes
1. LPG Bullet Tanker (18 Catastrophic Rupture BLEVE/Fireball, Thermal
MT) (Fire) of LPG Bullet Radiation
Tanker Flash Fire/Vapour Cloud
Explosion
2. LPG Cylinder Catastrophic Rupture BLEVE/Fireball, Thermal
(14.2 kg) (Fire) of Cylinder Radiation
Flash Fire/Vssapour Cloud
Explosion
3. Mounded Bullets 600 Failure of SRV for Jet Fire
MT 15 Minutes Flash Fire/ Vapour Cloud
Explosion
4. LPG Pump Release of LPG Jet Fire
Flash Fire/Vapour Cloud
Explosion
7. LPG Compressor Release of LPG Jet Fire
Flash Fire/Vapour Cloud
Explosion
7.8 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS
Subsequent to the accidental release of a LPG, the consequence depends on various factors
e.g. type and quantity, presence and location of an ignition source, meteorological
conditions, etc. The consequence analysis for the selected accident scenarios for LPG
release has been carried out to estimate the effect distance or vulnerability zone. Once the
effect distances are computed for various failure cases, risk can be quantified and
appropriate measures can be taken for risk mitigation to eliminate damage to life and
property and enhance the safety.
103
7.8.1 Model Used For Consequence Analysis
The risk assessment study involves a large number of computations for which established
computing aids are essential.
PHAST (Version 6.53.1) software of DNV has been used to perform the consequence
calculations. PHAST is a consequence analysis software for calculation of physical effects
(fire, explosion, atmospheric dispersion) of the escape of hazardous materials. PHAST
software allows detailed modeling and quantitative assessment of release of pure chemicals
and mixtures.
7.8.2 Consequence Analysis for LPG Release Scenarios
The consequence analysis has been carried out for various LPG release scenarios as described
in Table 7.4 of Chapter 7. Out comes of consequence analysis have been described in
subsequent section.
7.8.2.3 Rupture of 18 MT Bullet Tanker
In the event of catastrophic rupture of 18 MT LPG bullet tanker, BLEVE may be occurred on
immediate ignition. Various outcomes in the event of catastrophic rupture of LPG bullet
tanker will be as given below under different stability classes:
BLEVE : Fire Ball Occurrence

Outcome Parameters 18 MT LPG Bullet Tanker
Duration of Fire Ball, (s) 78.25
Radius of Fire Ball, (m) 10.88
Fireball Lift Off Height (m) 156.51
2
Flame Emissive Power (kW/m ) 285.56
Thermal Radiation : Fireball Ellipse

Radiation Effects B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
4 (kW/m2) 439.01 449.199 439.01
12.5 (kW/m2) 237.853 237.853 237.853
37.5 (kW/m2) 78.2269 78.2269 78.2269
The intensity radii for fireball due to catastrophic rupture of 18 MT bullet truck are given in
Figure 7.1:
104
Figure 7.1: Intensity Radii for Fireball for 18MT Bullet Truck
UEL & LEL Concentrations Distance (m)

Concentration B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
UEL 48.4779 49.0013 49.0068
LEL 222.883 224.435 222.682
Maximum Distance (m) at Overpressure Level due to Early Explosion

Overpressure (0.1 bar) 191.144 191.144 191.144
Late explosion worst case radii for fire ball due to catastrophic rupture of 18 MT bullet truck
are as given in Table 7.2:
105
Figure 7.2: Late Explosion Worst Case Radii for 18 MT
Flash Fire Envelope
Concentration Distance (m)

Furthest Extent (LEL) 222.883 224.435 222.682
Note: All values are in m
Flash fire envelope due to catastrophic rupture of 18 MT bullet truck is shown in Figure 7.3.
106
Figure 7.3: Flash Fire due to Rupture for 18 MT Bullet Truck
7.8.2.4 Rupture of 14.2 Kg LPG Cylinder
In the event of catastrophic rupture of 14.2 kg LPG cylinder, BLEVE may be occurred on
immediate ignition. Various outcomes in the event of catastrophic rupture of LPG cylinder
will be as given below under different stability classes:
BLEVE : Fire Ball Occurrence

Outcome Parameters 14.2 Kg LPG Cylinder
Duration of Fire Ball, (s) 7.67
Radius of Fire Ball, (m) 1.70
Fireball Lift Off Height (m) 15.35
2
Flame Emissive Power (kW/m ) 150.12
Thermal Radiation : Fireball Ellipse

Radiation Effects B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
2
4 (kW/m ) 37.4981 37.9695 37.4981
2
12.5 (kW/m ) 19.3709 19.3709 19.3709
2
37.5 (kW/m ) 4.39453 4.39453 4.39453
107
Intensity radii for fire ball due to catastrophic rupture of 14.2 kg cylinder are as given in
Figure 7.4:
Figure 7.4: Intensity Radii for Fireball for 14.2 kg LPG Cylinder
UEL & LEL Concentrations Distance (m)

UEL 4.59188 4.5956 4.59643
LEL 27.4572 27.4699 27.1581
Maximum Distance (m) at Overpressure Level due to Early Explosion

Overpressure (0.1 bar) 17.6617 17.6617 17.6617
Late explosion worst case radii for fire ball due to catastrophic rupture of 14.2 kg
LPG cylinder are as given in Table 7.5:
108
Figure 7.5: Late Explosion Worst Case for 14.2 kg LPG Cylinder Flash Fire Envelope
Concentration Distance (m)

Furthest Extent (LEL) 27.4572 27.4699 27.1581
Flash fire envelope due catastrophic rupture of 14.2 kg LPG cylinder is shown in Figure 7.6.
109
Figure 7.6: Flash Fire due to Rupture for 14.2 Kg LPG Cylinder
110
7.8.2.5 Release of SRV of Mounded Bullets of 600 MT
I. Jet Fire on Immediate Ignition
On release of LPG from SRV of mounded bullets, jet fire will be occurred on immediate
ignition. Thermal radiation distances from jet fire are given below:
Thermal Radiation Level Distances (m)

Radiation Level
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
37.5 kW/m2 Not Reached Not Reached Not Reached
4 kW/m2 42.72 42.72 42.72
Thermal radiation intensity distance from jet fire are presented in Figure 7.7.
Figure 7.7: Thermal Intensity from Jet Fire due to Release from SRV
II. UEL and LEL Concentration Distances
In the event of release of LPG from SRV of mounded bullets, vapour cloud will be formed if
it is not getting source of ignition. LPG vapours under UEL and LEL concentration will be
occurred at following distances.
111
UEL and LEL Concentration Distances (m)

Concentration
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
UEL 0.145 0.148 0.147
LEL 2.316 2.796 2.606
UEL and LEL Concentration Height

UEL and LEL Concentration Height (m)
Concentration
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
UEL 11.38 11.51 11.53
LEL 25.104 26.573 25.33
III. Flash Fire Envelope
On ignition of LPG vapours within UEL and LEL, flash fire envelope will be formed as
details given below:
Flash Fire Envelope (m)
B, 2 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
Furthest Extent 2.316 2.796 2.606
Flash fire envelope distances are also presented in Figure 7.8.
112
Figure 7.8: Flash Fire Envelope Distance
7.8.2.6 Release of LPG From Pump
On release of LPG from pump, jet fire will be occurred on immediate ignition. Thermal
radiation distances from jet fire are given below:

Radiation Level
B, 2 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
12.5 kW/m2 10.09 10.09 10.09
4 kW/m2 18.97 18.97 18.97
Thermal radiation intensity radii from jet fire are also presented in Figure 7.9.
113
Figure 7.9: Radiation vs Distance from Jet Fire due to Release from Pumps
In the event of release of LPG from pump, vapour cloud will be formed if it is not getting
source of ignition. LPG vapours under UEL and LEL concentration will be occurred at
following distances.

Concentration
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
UEL 0.084 0.083 0.079
LEL 1.038 1.073 1.041

Concentration
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
UEL 5.079 5.15 5.21
LEL 9.020 9.34 9.46
114

B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
Figure 7.10: Flash Fire Envelope due to Release from Pump
7.8.2.7 Release of LPG From Compressor
On release of LPG from compressor, jet fire will be occurred on immediate ignition. Thermal
radiation distances from jet fire are given below:
115

Radiation Level
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
37.5 kW/m2 5.21375 5.21375 5.21375
12.5 kW/m2 13.5293 13.5293 13.5293
4 kW/m2 23.4757 23.4757 23.4757
Thermal radiation intensity radii from jet fire are also presented in Figure 7.11.
Figure 7.11: Radiation vs Distance from Jet Fire (Compressor)
In the event of release of LPG from compressor, vapour cloud will be formed if it is not
getting source of ignition. LPG vapours under UEL and LEL concentration will be occurred
at following distances.
116

Concentration
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
UEL 0.087 0.082 0.072
LEL 1.126 1.198 1.21

Concentration
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
UEL 3.80125 3.88819 3.95768
LEL 9.10101 9.63366 9.90947
B, 3 m/s D, 3 m/s E, 2m/s
Figure 7.12: Flash Fire Envelope due to Release from Compressor
117
7.9 FAILURE FREQUENCY DATA BASE
An incident frequency can be derived from internationally well known generic databases
incase the design is sufficiently similar to facilities represented in the historical failure
records. This database can be used to meet the project scope requirements including LPG
storage facility failure data. Using these data, the frequencies of incidents can be estimated.
The frequency of each incident is equal of the failure frequencies of all individual
components.
7.9.1 Flanges
For flanges, industrial sources give figures covering the range of 6E-4 (in LPG service) to
1.6E-4 (in liquid ammonia service) failures per year. Whittle (1993) quotes a lower failure
rate of 6.2E-5 failures per year, while the failure rate quoted by Sooby (1992) is even lower
by over an order of magnitude of 3.3E-6 failures per year. Since the quality of the pipe
flanges varies enormously with application, it seems sensible to regard this range as a
reflection of flange and gasket quality. A failure frequency of 1E-5 per year is used for high
quality flanges (e.g. raised face, ring type, or grey lock flanges used in high pressure, high
temperature service). An analysis of flange failure hole sizes shows them to be small. The
analysis shows that the maximum equivalent hole diameter for a flange leak from a 6 inch (15
mm) pipe is 12 mm. It has been assumed that for pipes greater than 6 inch (15 mm) in
diameter that 10% of all flange leaks contribute to leaks in the range of 10 to 50 mm (i.e. 25
mm holes). For pipes of 6 inch (15 mm) diameter or smaller all leaks are taken to fall into the
0 to 10 mm hole size range (i.e. 5 mm holes).
Table 7.5 summarizes the leak frequencies for flanges by hole size.
Table 7.5: Frequencies of Flange Failure

S.No Hole size(mm) Failure Rate /year
1. 5 9.0 E-5
2. 25 1.0 E-5
3. Total 1.0 E-4
Leak frequencies for valve and flanges are summarized in Table 7.6 by hole size.
Table 7.6: Frequencies of Valves and Flange Failure

1. 5 4.22 E-5
2. 25 1.38 E-4
3. Rupture 5.11 E-5
118
7.9.2 Pressure Vessel Failure Frequencies
All pressure vessels are subject to cracks of various sizes. If a crack propagates across the
whole of a vessel shell, the contents are released rapidly and a “catastrophic rupture” is said
to have occurred. Smaller cracks lead to discharge over a period of time depending on the
crack size and the vessel inventory. These are referred to as “leaks”. The failure frequencies
for pressure vessels with respect to hole sizes are summarized in Table 7.7.
Table 7.7: Frequencies of Pressure Vessel Failure

1. 5 3.7 E-5
2. 25 9.6 E-5
3. 100 9.7 E-6
4. Rupture 6.5 E-6
7.9.3 Pumps Failure Frequencies
The NPRDS Annual Reliability Report gives the most detailed leak data records for pumps.
Most of the pumps failures is detected whilst the system is in service, The failure modes
"leak" and "crack" contribute to the 5 mm leak category. The failure modes "breach",
"collapse" and "fracture/break" contribute to the 25 mm leak category. All failures are
considered as common-mode failures. The pump leak frequencies are summarized in Table
7.8.
Table 7.8: Frequencies for Leakage of Pump
Equivalent Hole Leak Frequency/Item year
Size (mm) Centrifugal
Single Seal Double Seal
5 5.2 E-2 7.5 E-3
25 1.0 E-3 1.0 E-3
100 or Rupture 1.0 E-4 1.0 E-4
Total 5.31E-2 8.6 E-3
Note: Maximum equivalent hole size for pumps is considered to be 100 mm
7.9.4 Probability of Ignition
For the frequency assessment, it is necessary to estimate the probability of ignition if a leak
occurs. Ignition of a leak may occur either at the point or at some distance from it. The cause
of ignition may be the leak itself (e.g. a leak may generate static electricity) or an ignition
source, which then gives a spark and ignites the leak. The information available on
probability of ignition is mostly in the form of expert estimates. Table 7.9 details the ignition
probabilities used in the studies.
119
Table 7.9: Probabilities of Ignition for Leaks of Flammable Fluids

Continuous Ignition Probability
Release (kg/s) Immediate Delayed No
<10 0.2 0.05 0.75
10-100 0.5 0.1 0.4
>100 0.7 0.2 0.1
Source : TNO (LPG – Study)
For small (0-25 mm) leaks probability

• Jet Fire (Immediate ignition- 25% probability)
• Flash Fire (75% probability)
For Medium (25-100mm) leaks probability
• Jet Fire (Immediate ignition- 25% probability)
• Flash Fire (75% probability)
The probability of ignition depends on the availability of a flammable mixture, the flammable
mixture and ignition source and the type of ignition source (energy etc).
7.10 RISK REDUCTION MEASURES
Risk Assessment study provides a quantitative technique for assessing the significance of the
impact of any facility on its external environment, highlights key areas for greater attention
and provides a tool for comparing alternative options. Though, it can not substitute for close
attention to the fundamentals of safety throughout the design process or for design reviews.
For risk reduction, attempts should be made to either reduce inventories that could get
released in the event of loss of containment or failure likelihood or both as far as feasible.
Risk Assessment identifies the dominant risk contributors, which enables prioritisation of
plants/section that deserve special attention in terms of inspection and maintenance in
particular and over all safety management as a whole.
7.10.1 Risk Mitigation Measures
The proposed LPG bottling plant is major accident hazard installations under Manufacture,
Storage, Import of Hazardous Chemicals. Rule, 1989 and subsequent amendments. During
design, construction and operation of the proposed facilities, numbers of safety provisions
and risk reduction measures will need to be implemented and followed meticulously in
compliance with applicable acts, rules, regulations, codes, standards, guidelines and best
industry practices. This also includes provisions of not only state-of-the-art equipment,
control and instrumentation to enhance safety but also high level induction and refresher
safety trainings from senior management to contractual workers levels at the facilities.
Risk mitigation measures for the proposed LPG bottling plant are described below:
120
7.10.2 Mounded Bullets
The mounded storage of LPG has proved to be safer as compared to above ground storage
vessels since it provides intrinsically passive and safe environment and eliminates the
possibility of Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE). The cover of the
mound protects the vessel from fire engulfment, radiation from a fire in close proximity and
acts of sabotage or vandalism. The area of land required to locate a mounded system is
minimal compared to conventional storage.
The following measures are suggested during design, erection and operation of mounded
storage bullets for LPG.
i. Provisions of “OISD Standards 150: Design and Safety Requirements For

Liquefied Petroleum Gas Mounded Storage Facility” shall be included in
design and operation.
ii. Each mound bullet shall have accessibility to fire tender from at least two
sides.
iii. Minimum separation distance between mounded LPG storage and any other
(other than LPG pump/compressor house) facility associated with LPG plant
shall be 15 meters. This distance to be measured from the edge of the mound
at finished ground level and also from the first valve on the vessel i.e. ROV.
iv. The minimum inter-distance between the edge of the vessel in a mound shall
not be less than 2 meters.
v. Proper provision shall be made for countering the consequences of the
settlement of the vessel under mound. The surrounding of the bottom
connection should be filled with such material that can absorb such settlement.
vi. Provision shall be made to monitor the settlements of the mound by providing
permanent reference point. A minimum of three reference points shall be
installed to be able to also identify possible vessel bending (One each near the
vessel ends and one in the middle.)
vii. The fire safe Remote Operated Shutdown Valve (ROV) on liquid drain line
from the vessel shall be either from bottom of the vessel or from the top of the
vessel as per the design considerations.
viii. In case of liquid drain line from the bottom of the vessel, the minimum
distance of 3 meters from the vessel to ROV shall be maintained. The nozzle
pipe shall have a slope of 1.5 Deg.
ix. There shall not be any other flanges, or any other tapping up-to the ROV
except in case of liquid drain line from top of the vessels.
x. Each vessel shall have at-least two pressure relief valves. The full flow
capacity of Pressure Relief Valves (PRV) on mounded vessels may be reduced
to not less than 30% of the capacity required for an equivalent size of above
ground vessel. For safety reasons, the discharge of Pressure Relief Valves
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shall be connected to flare system. In this case Pressure Relief Valves (PRVs)
shall have lock open (or car seal open) type isolation valves on both sides of
Pressure Relief Valve.
xi. The Pressure Relief valves shall be tested and calibrated every year by a
competent person and records shall be maintained.
xii. Cathodic protection system shall be provided, maintained and tested routinely.
xiii. Any change in the system will be marked on P&ID. The system of
“Management of Changes” may be developed as per “Guidelines on
Management of Change” (OISD GDN 178).
xiv. Any repairs or modifications should be undertaken after statutory approval
from applicable authority.
xv. Each storage vessel shall have minimum two different types of level indicators
and one independent high level switch. High level alarms shall be set at not
more than 85% level of the volumetric capacity of the vessel.
xvi. Audiovisual indication shall be at local panel and control room.
xvii. Automatic fire detection and /or protection (Fixed) system based on heat
detection through thermal fuses/ quartz bulbs shall be employed. Sensors shall
be installed at all critical places including as described below:
• Minimum 1 detector shall be provided on each exposed portion of the
vessel. However if the nozzles are covered in a dome, each group shall
have 2 numbers of detectors.
• At least one near the each liquid line ROV to take care of failure of
flanges.
xviii. Suitable gas detectors shall be placed at critical locations in the LPG storage
area such as, near the ROV, in inspection tunnel, near water draining/
sampling points, etc.
xix. Audio- visual alarms showing the location of gas leakage shall be provided on
the control panel in the control room. First level alarm can be set at 20% LEL
and second level alarm at 60 % LEL of LPG.
xx. All mounded storage vessels, LPG Pump Houses, Bullet Tanker Gantries shall
be fully covered by medium velocity water spray system.
xxi. LPG storage area, automatic detection of heat for automatic actuation of
medium velocity sprinkler system having remote/ local operated deluge valve
with spray density of 10 lpm/m2 of surface area shall be provided.
xxii. Hydrant and monitor coverage shall also be provided on all four sides of the
mounds for adequate coverage of unprotected portions exposed to thermal
radiation including for top of the mound and for piping, in the immediate
vicinity of the mound. In view of accessibility of unprotected portions of the
vessels, for effectiveness, installation of remote operated monitors at
appropriate height shall be considered.
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xxiii. Hydrant /monitors shall be located at a safe place around the mound. In any
case fire hydrant and/or monitors shall not be installed within 15 meters from
the facilities/equipment to be protected.
7.10.3 Maintenance Schedules
The proper preventive maintenance schedule should be prepared to facilitate the maintenance
service to be rendered in a planned manner covering the necessary work to be done,
mentioning the periodicity i.e. daily, weekly, monthly, half yearly and yearly schedules.
7.10.4 Electrical Hazards
Some Important measures to minimise electrical hazards are as given below:
• The classification of area for electrical installations at LPG storage and handling
facilities shall be as per OISD Standards 113.
• Inspection of electrical equipment shall be carried out as per OISD Standards 137.
• All electrical equipments shall be provided with proper earthing.
• Earth pits shall be periodically tested and maintained in good condition.
• Emergency lighting shall be available at all critical locations including fire pump
room, control room, etc.
• All electrical equipments shall be free from carbon dust, oil deposits, and grease.
• All electrical cable will be tagged for easy identification and cable routing shall be
planned away from heat sources, gas, water, oil, drain piping and air conditioning
ducts.
• All lights in LPG storage area, pump house, unloading bays, etc will be flame
proof.
• Provisions shall be made for approved insulated tools, rubber mats, shock proof
gloves and boots, tester, fuse tongs, discharge rod, hand lamp, insulated ladder.
• Flame and shock detectors and central fire annoucement system for fire safety
shall be provided in MCC control panel room.
• Temperature sensitive alarm and protective relays to make alert and disconnect
equipment before overheating shall be provided.
• Danger from excess current due to overload or short circuit should be prevented
by providing fuses, circuit breakers, thermal protection, etc.
• Only carbon dioxide and dry chemical fire extinguishers shall be used for
electrical fires.
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7.10.5 Fire Fighting Facilities
Fire protection system shall be designed in accordance with the requirements of OISD, NFPA
standards, design requirements and safe engineering practices. Fire fighting facilities should
have full capability for early detection and suppression of fire. The fire fighting system will
primarily consist of:
• Hydrant system
• Foam protection system
• Deluge sprinkler system
• Portable fire extinguisher
• Fire detection and alarm system
Presently, fire fighting facilities are available at IOCL’s LPG Bottling Plant. After
commissioning of proposed LPG Storage and filling facilities, fire fighting facilities should
be augmented as per relevant OISD/NFPA/TAC Standards. Fire water requirement and fire
water storage shall be evaluated for two fires for 4 hours at any point of time in the terminal.
The following facilities are available in the plant:
Water storage capacity = 2500 Kl x 3 Nos

Fire water pumps = 3 Nos (main 2x 615 cum/hr & standby 1 x 615 cum /hr)
Jockey pumps - 2 Nos ( 10 cum/hr)
Hydrant Points (Double Head) , Water Monitors , Sprinklers, Deluge valve

systems are installed for the proposed project.
Automatic Medium Velocity Water Sprinkler System:
The system has been provided on all operating areas and considered to be a very effective fire
fighting system.
It has a control valve or deluge valve which when actuated, will deluge water into protect
spray installation and give an effective spray cover to the area.
An additional feature, compressed air lines with heat detectors or quartzoid bulbs which
breaks at 79 oC and actuates the sprinkler system facility automatically.
Remote actuating / Solenoid valve facility is available near security room.
Proposed Public Addressing System
This is an intrinsically safe, internal communication system which facilitates internal

communication as well as public address.
Intercom
This Intercom connected to P & T line can be used for communication internally and
externally at Main Office.
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Occupational Health, Safety & Environmental Features in the Project

Process Safety & Safety Features
Process Safety focuses on the prevention of fires, explosions and accidental chemical releases
at LPG Bottling facilities.
Proposed Safety Management Systems
The Safety Officer in co-ordination with Shift-in-Charge review all plant operations to
identify potential unsafe conditions and / or potential problems which may lead to health or
safety exposures.
Plant personnel shall work with the Safety Officer to identify potential problems and to
identify proper operational procedures and the operational areas of the plant. Actions to be
taken include equipment or procedural changes, development of exposure monitoring
strategies, and inclusion of warning statements in procedures.
Hazard Analysis By The Team
QRA studies are conducted at plant before commissioning and also applied to the proposed
installation and modification of buildings, equipments, mechanical and electrical systems,
utilities, fire protection system, grounds etc. Plans or specifications on designated projects
shall be submitted to an acceptance committee consisting of Operations Manager,
Engineering. Manager, Safety Manager for review prior to project implementation.
Recommendations will be submitted with the final plans and specifications to the
Departmental head for review. If the departmental head finds that plans and specifications are
not meeting the recommendations of the acceptance committee, he shall return the final plans
to the originator for modifications or a justification of deviations.
Inspections
The officer in charge of each function are responsible for ensuring the timely completion of
periodic inspections and correction of problems.
The frequency of specific inspections is as follows :
Safety Facilities in The Plant
• Leak detection, prevention

• Elimination of source of ignition
• Fire prevention / fighting
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• Communication, First aid, Rescue and Personnel protection equipment.
The facilities are detailed below.
Leak Detection:
Gas Monitoring System:
The system consists of gas detecting sensors with a control panel and audio / visual alarms.
The sensors were located at sensitive or potential hazard areas in the plant with two audio
alarms at security room and Filling shed to alert workmen regarding the risk and continuous
monitoring / recording in PC at control room .
Proposed Leak Prevention / Minimizing:
Air / Vapour Extraction System : It is basically a blower with ducts extended to different
operating points in filling shed. The blower extract any leaking LPG vapour from the floor
level and cold flares the same to free atmosphere at LPG cylinder filling shed.
Remote Control Valves:

These are electro – pneumatically operated quick shut off valves provided on LPG pipelines
with actuating points located remotely and nearer to operating facilities in plant. When
actuated, the valves will close within 25 seconds, starving the LPG flow in pipelines. The
ROV’s are installed at the following locations:
• Storage bullets Liquid & Vapour lines

• TLD liquid lines
• LPG Pump out let lines near filling shed
ROV’s Interlock With High Level Alarm
All LPG bulk mounded vessels are fitted with High Level Alarm switches which gives
alarm when product reaches 85% of its volume. A signal has been taken from HLA to
actuate the ROV to close which will stop the flow of liquid into vessels. This stops the over
filling/flowing of LPG into vessels.
Ignition Sources
Another identified potential source for Fire accidents is “Ignition”. To eliminate such
sources, following are ensured.
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Proposed Safety Equipments:

Electrically operated siren : 1 Nos. ( 3KM )
Hand Operated Siren : 8 Nos.
In addition following First Aid / Rescue and Personnel Protection Equipments are
available.
Breathing Apparatus : 1 sets (1 Spare cylinders)
Fire Proximity Suits : 1
Safety Helmets : 60
Rubber Hand Gloves : 2 Pairs
Resuscitator : 2
Safety Belt with Harness : 2
Explosive Meter : 2
Stretchers : 2
First Aid Boxes : 4
Leak Sealing Pad : 1
Water jel blankets : 2
Voltage & Current Detector : 1
Red / Green flags : 1 set
Fire Extinguishers
DCP - 9 kg Capacity : 97
75kg Capacity : 05
CO 2 - 4.5 kg Capacity : 14
Foam Type– 9 lit : 05
7.10.6 Control Room

• Control room shall be located at a sufficient distance from operating areas
• All control room should be blast proof and shock proof.
• Critical switches and alarm should be always kept in line.
• Minimum number of doors shall be provided in the control room while at least
two door should be provided for safe exit during emergency.
• Smoke detection system shall be provided for control room.
7.10.7 Safety Audit and Inspection
Checklist based routine inspection and safety audits should be carried out in line with OISD -
144 for mounded bullets, pumps, piping and unloading bays, etc. Any gap or non compliance
should be implemented on priority in time bound manner.
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7.10.8 Induction and Refresher Safety Trainings
The provision shall be made for structured induction and refresher safety trainings for LPG
handling system from senior management to contractual workers levels at the facilities.
7.10.9 Emergency Response Plan
Anticipating and planning for various contingencies is crucial for ensuring the success of any
emergency response actions in an actual Emergency Situation. On-site Emergency response
plan shall be prepared for LPG Storage and filling facilities, to take the action in an unlikely
event of emergency due to accidental release of LPG. Emergency Response Plan should be
updated based on findings of mock drills.
7.10.10 Mock Drill Exercises
Mock drill should be conducted once in six months. Exercises or drills have two basic
functions, namely training and testing. While exercises do provide an effective means of
training in response procedures, their primary purpose is to test the adequacy of the
emergency management system and to ensure that all response elements are fully capable of
managing an unlikely emergency situation.
Mock drills are best means of accomplishing the following goals and objectives:
• To reveal weaknesses in the plans and procedures before emergencies occur.

• To identify deficiencies in resources (both in manpower and equipment).
• To improve the level of co-ordination among various response personnel, departments
and agencies.
• To clarify each individual’s role and areas of responsibility.
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CHAPTER 8
DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is prepared for meeting any emergency response in
the event of fire accident, hazards etc., through the effective and optimum utilization of all
the facilities inbuilt in the plant and available in the neighboring areas as such. This plan has
got two sub chapters, First chapter guides for meeting the ‘On - Site Emergency” and the
Second chapter guides “Off - Site Emergency”.
This offsite emergency response is prepared to ensure the participation of all the concerned
civil agencies in and around this plant with a view to seek their preparedness in meeting such
emergencies and to bring about a coordinated task force involving in district authorities. Fire
service department, railways, factories inspectorate, electricity board and other protection
forces available in similar type of industries meeting of all the above agencies is also the
method of operation of ‘ On site Emergency Plan / Disaster Management Plan”.
Disaster management plan will have necessary scope for review of its effectiveness in its
working and adapting to any new systems of further improving upon the implementation of
the plan itself.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Bulk LPG Storage & Bottling Facility plant, SIPCOT Industrial
Growth Centre, Gangaikondan Village Tirunelveli Taluk and District, Tamil Nadu – desired
to get a risk assessment study carried out for their Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) storage
facility located at Gangaikondan Village Tirunelveli Taluk And District, Tamil Nadu.
This plant is spread over an area of 42 Acres land and is surrounded by its entire periphery
with 3 m height compound wall over which 0.6 m of barbed fencing is provided. Inside of
the periphery wall of the premises, a width of 30 m green belt area is developed with all
around asphalted ring road. 13.86 Acres area has been earmarked for green belt development.
The plant is constructed meeting all the statutory requirements of state / central government
and international standards and specifications stipulated. The fire fighting system and
organization established here is capable of taking care of any type of fire and hazardous
occurrence incidental to the operation and maintenance of the plant and to serve the
neighboring areas.
8.1 INTRODUCTION
Emergency/disaster is an undesirable occurrence of events of such magnitude and nature that
adversely affect production, cause loss of human lives and property as well as damage to the
environment. Industrial installations are vulnerable to various kinds of natural and manmade
disasters. Examples of natural disaster are flood, cyclone, earthquake, lightning etc. and
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manmade disasters are like major fire, explosion, sudden heavy leakage of toxic/poisonous
gases, civil war, nuclear attacks, terrorist activities, sabotage etc. It is impossible to forecast
the time and nature of disaster, which might strike an undertaking. However, an effective
disaster management plan helps to minimize the losses in terms of human lives, plant assets
and environmental damage and resumes working condition as soon as possible.
Risk analysis forms an integral part of disaster management plan and any realistic disaster
management plan can only be made after proper risk analysis study of the activities and the
facilities provided in the installation. Correct assessment and evaluation of the potential
hazards, advance meticulous planning for prevention and control, training of personnel,
mock drills and liaison with outside services available can minimize losses to the plant
assets, rapidly contain the damage effects and effectively rehabilitate the damage areas.
Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli is located in SIPCOT Industrial Area at Gangaikondan in
Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu State. It is located adjacent to NH-7 which connects
Varanasi & Kanyakumari and 18 km from Tirunelveli city. The LPG Bottling Plant covers
about 42 acres of land.
The nearest railway station is situated at Gangaikondan at a distance of 4KM(E).The nearest
Airport is situated at Tuticorin at a distance of 33.55 km (SW). The activity of this plant is to
receive LPG in bulk trucks. Transfer LPG from Truck to mounded bullets, transfer of LPG
from mounded bullets to filling in cylinders. The entire operation is a sealed delivery system.
Further in this location there is no manufacturing activity. The only activity is to transfer tank
of LPG from
Truck →Vessel→Cylinder Filling
At the bottling plant, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is received through road tankers. The
LPG is then stored in bullets and sphere and filled in cylinders for distribution using
integrated filling machines called Carousals.
The following were present at the existing facility:
1. LPG Mounded Bullet 600 MT - 3 No’s (Total LPG Capacity)
2. LPG Pump/ Compressor House
3. TLD shed (8 Bays)
4. Loading and Unloading shed
5. Filling / Empty Storage shed
6. Fire fighting facility as per OISD standard
7. 750 KVA Capacity DG set - 1 No
8. 250 KVA Capacity DG set - 1 No
This plant is having DMP consisting of onsite emergency and off site emergency plan cleared
by competent authorities. However taking into consideration the proposed augmentation, a
revised DMP is prepared. In this connection the following plans, documents are available in
the ERDMP available for the plant.
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1. Location plan of the installation indicating sitting of the installation at neighboring

details up to a distance of 2 km from the installation in each direction.
2. Site plan of the installation showing a complete layout of the installation indicating
boundary walls, exit and entry gates and location of various facilities.
3. Layout of fire water systems and fire fighting equipment details.
4. Line block diagram of manufacturing process and Process Flow Diagram (PFD) of
each unit.
5. Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for all hazardous chemicals stored, handled,
produced and transported in the installation.
6. Internal and external emergency contact numbers and addresses of police, fire station,
hospitals, mutual aid industry, factory inspectors, State Pollution Control Board,
Petroleum and Explosive Safety Organization (PESO), etc.
7. Addresses and telephone directory of technical support services such as
environmental laboratories, fire fighting chemical suppliers, public and private
consultant associated with emergency handling and aviation medical services, if any.
8. Security threat plan.
9. Health Safety and Environment (HSE) policy
8.2 PLANT DATA

Table 8.1: Contact Details of IOCL Plant
Location of the Plant SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre Gangaikondan - 627 352
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.,
Indane Bottling Plant
Postal Address SIPCOT Industrial Growth Center
Gangaikondan-627 352
Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu.
Telephone STD Code - 0462-2445133, 2445233
Numbers 0462-2445133 (Fax),
Jurisdiction of the Factory
Inspectorate DY. Chief Inspector of Factories, Tirunelveli
8.2.1 Product Handled Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Licensed Storage Capacity
Mounded Bullets
Mounded Bullet - 1 600 MT
Total 1800 MT
Tanker Load Decantation (TLD) 8 Bays
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8.2.2 Manpower Requirement

The manpower requirement for the proposed LPG Bottling plant is as given below:
Regular Employees 10
Security Staff 20
Personnel Trained in First Aid 10
Others (Technicians/Helpers) 5
8.3 POLICY, OBJECTIVE & AUTHORITY OF THE PLAN

It is one of the well conceived policy of IOCL that every responsible care caution and effort
shall be made to provide and maintain safe and health working atmosphere for the men,
materials and methods. The policy also endeavours to ensure that the surrounding
environment is also assured of utmost safety and health conditions.
The objectives of the plan is ‘Prevention’ as its foremost achievement of any accident or
happening of any hazard which will lead to personal injury or damage to people and
property. This is the absolute and integrated theme of the plan. And in achieving the
objectives, every employee of this plant shall be discharging his duties and responsibilities by
voluntary co-operation and participation in maintaining & improving the safety standards and
parameters.
As the plan envisages potential hazards conditions remaining within the plant, the objective
is to ensure that it does not invite threat to safety and health standards of the general public.
Preservation of life is given the foremost place while drawing out the plan and all procedures
are to be carried out to reduce risks to emergency personal, rescue and medical activities will
have their own priorities towards this end.
This plan encompasses all applicable central and state statutory requirements governing the
emergency situations. The following statutory agencies are involved as pioneer agencies for
this plan:
1. Factories Inspectorate
2. District Authorities
3. Police Authorities
4. Chief Controller of Explosives
5. Pollution Control Boards
6. Fire Service Authority
7. Electricity Authority
8. Medical Authority
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8.4 PLANT SAFETY COMMITTEE

8.4.1 Purpose
The purpose of the plant safety committee is to encourage team work is addressing safety
concerns and promoting safety ideas. Presently two teams namely safety committee and
safety circle and safety committee will be on a rotational basis once in two years. The safety
committee and safety circle meet once in a month to discuss the issues.
The safety committee / circle consist of representatives from workmen and management.
Plant manager will chair in the meeting and safety officer is responsible for convening,
conducting the meeting and implementation of the decisions taken during the meeting.
8.4.2 Procedure
The plant safety committee will meet once in one month, ideas and concerns presented at the
meeting should be discussed agreed upon and corrective actions taken. The safety officer will
keep minutes of each meeting. The minutes will include the review of the earlier minutes of
the meetings names of those present, points presented & discussed during the current meeting
and items to be resolved. Copies of the minutes will be posted to Regional Office.
Likewise safety circle will meet once in a month, Plant manager, safety officer and minimum
other four employees. The Plant Safety Officer will keep minutes of each meeting as outlined
in safety committee meeting and minutes will be posted to regional operations and S & EP
department.
8.4.3 Bottling Process and Product Specifications
This proposed LPG bottling plant will be engaged in receipt of bulk LPG in bullets trucks,
stores and bottling of LPG in cylinders and supply to various customers/consumers/
distributors coming under marketing jurisdiction.
The proposed plant will consist of receiving LPG in bulk bullets trucks (bullet trucks) from
refinery and import terminals and loading at the same in the plant in the storage tanks and
filling into the cylinders for subsequent dispatch to distributors. LPG mainly consists of
commercial butane and propane. It is stored in liquid from with moderate increase in pressure
and becomes gas under atmospheric conditions.
8.4.3.1 Specifications and Typical Characteristics of LPG
Table 8.2: Specifications and Typical Characteristics of LPG
Vapour Pressure at 65 C˚ 16.87/sqcm
Density of Liquid at 15 C˚ 0.525-0.570
Boiling Point (-) 18 oC to +6 oC
Gross calorific value 11400 Kcal/kg
Limits of flammability 1.8% to 9.2%
Theoretically maximum flame 2000 oC
Minimum ignition temperature 410 oC
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• Liquid LPG is about half as heavy as water

• LPG vapor is about 1.5 to 2 times heavier than air. As a result of this property,
and leakage of LPG tends to settle down at floor level particular fly in drains, pits
etc.
• Coefficient of volumetric expansion of LPG is 100 times that of steel.
• When liquid LPG is released from a container or a pipe, it vaporizes almost
immediately. This cools the surrounding air and may cause water vapour in the air
to condense, freeze and become visible. In this way, LPG leakage may be
detected even the gas itself is invisible.
• LPG is distinctively odorized to give warning in case of leakage.
• Flammable mixture of LPG vapour and air will never ignite or explode unless the
ignition source is present.
• Evaporating product, especially in liquid form, can become cold enough to cause
frost burns on bare flesh.
• One volume of liquid LPG will expand to approximately 250 volumes of vapour
in air, Liquid LPG leaks; therefore create more hazards compared to vapor Leaks.
Pressure in a LPG vessel is independent of the amount of the liquid within it as
long as it is neither full nor empty of liquid. For any given LPG, the temperature
is the only variable, governing the pressure.
8.4.4 Other Important Properties
• LPG reaches lower limit of flammability very quickly as compared to other
gases. “Auto-Refrigeration” occurs when liquid LPG evaporates into gaseous
LPG.
• Presence of air in lines/vessels/cylinders will cause build-up of high pressure.
• Liquid LPG can cause “Cold Burns”
• Explosion can occur in case ignition of accumulated LPG air mixtures.
• LPG can be ignited by static electric charges, tiny sparks, etc., Pressure
inside a cylinder drops marginally with use.
8.4.5 Hazardous Substance
The following are the list of hazardous and consumable materials received/stored and
handled in the plant.
1. LPG – will be received through bullet trucks and stored in the mounded bullets and
bottling the same in cylinders.
2. HSD - Fuel for use in generators, fire engines.
3. LUBEOILS - for lubricating engines and other machineries
4. CHIANKOTE - Soap solution for use in the conveyor systems
This plant will be receiving, storing and then filling the LPG in cylinders and supply to the
customers, consumers through distributors. The LPG is being received in bulk through bullet
truck from Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited, Chennai and Mangalore Refineries and
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Petrochemicals. Ltd., Mangalore. The bulk product received through the bullet trucks will be
stored in the storage bullets/sphere and then filled into cylinders. The filled cylinders and
then transported through stack trucks to the authorized distributors for supply and delivery to
the consumers/customers. This distribution is being done from the distributors end through
open mini-lorries, tricycles etc.
8.5 CONCEPT OF EMERGENCY OPERATION
The basic concept of this disaster management plan is to provide a comprehensive approach
for managing emergencies. The following are the four class classified approach towards
managing the plan.
1. Prevention
2. Preparedness
3. Response
4. Recovery
1. Prevention includes all those activities that are aimed at elimination or reduction in the
probability of a disaster itself.
2. Preparedness includes all activities required for ensuring a high degree of alertness top
respond instantaneously to any accident/ disaster.
3. Response activities are those activities which refer to the measures taken during the
emergency occurrence to minimize / eliminate damage to the plant and surrounding areas
and prevent the loss of life.
8.5.1 Assumptions
The certain assumptions have been made in the course of designing this plan viz.
1. That the fire services, Police department, other emergency service agencies shall be
contracted and they shall be readily respond to an emergency occurrence and will
provide necessary support.
2. That the Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli of the IOCL, employees recognize and will
carry out their basic responsibilities in an emergency.
3. Thus the local fire police personnel and other local authorities will assume their
responsibility for On-site emergency response.
8.5.2 Situations
Situations for which the provisions if this plan are designed are those emergency incidents
where is a potential for severe consequences. This includes situations that may not be limited
to the Indane Bottling Plant alone and would involve a risk to life, health, the environment or
to property.
1. Technological disasters include a hazards occurrence such as materials accident, fire,
explosion, utility failure etc.
2. Natural disasters include earthquake, flood, wisdom etc.
3. Social disasters include bomb threat, arson, riot, labour strike, terrorism, hostage
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incident etc.
4. Health disasters include epidemic, pollution etc.,
5. International crisis includes war, terrorism etc.,
8.6 HAZARDS
8.6.1 Hazards of LPG

8.6.1.1 Health Hazards
Inhalation-Vapor Phase
LPG in its pure form, is odourless and contains no toxic components and is therefore non-
poisonous, Ethyl Mercaptan is added to odorize LPG to help in detecting any leakage.
Burns by Freezing
LPG in liquid form should not come in contact the surface of the body otherwise it will flesh
the freezing effect called “Cold Burn”. The result may be serious.
8.6.1.2 Fire Hazards
Product Discharge Liquid Phase
A liquid discharge is always more serious than a discharge in the vapour phase. As liquid
discharges and vaporises, the volume of liquid changes in to vapour volume approx. 250
times greater, therefore a greater hazard exists.
Fire (Fed by Vapour Discharge)
Fire fed by a vapour discharge may be elevated and not impinging upon tanks, buildings etc.
The vapour fed fire would normally burn relatively close to the point of discharge.
Explosion
The distribution of LPG vapour within the atmosphere in people proportions and within
confined space can create an explosion should the source of ignition be provided. Following
on LPG explosion of fire nay be caused by the ignition of other flammable materials or a
continuous discharge of gas may burn.
8.6.1.3 Other Hazards
Leakage to atmosphere especially of liquid LPG will result in rapid vaporization creating
large volume of flammable Vapour. Because LPG is heavier than air it tends to flow along
the ground. Unless efforts are quickly made to disperse its accumulation, it may at under
normal conditions, remain there for a long time, with the possibility of fire through an
ignition source some distance away from the source leakage. A very small proportion of
vapour in air will give rise to flammable mixture which can cause fire if source of ignition is
present.
8.7 COPING MECHANISM
8.7.1 Coping within the Industry
• Full safety control mechanism which has incorporated, manpower maintenance
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and human resource development programme in addition to mechanical

component/plant Maintenance.
• Built-in safety measures with a constant control over safety parameters and access
to information on component failure records with respect to plant and machinery.
• Additional measures over and above statuary requirements to ensure safety in
plant operations, maintenance work procedure and storage codes.
• Compliance of statutory requirements under various safety regulations currently
enforced.
8.7.2 Coping Mechanism at Community Level
• Calculated, well-organized formal and conscious effects to involve all concerned
agencies in disaster preparedness have been identified and mock drills are
planned / proposed to be practiced.
• Informal pressure groups, social, non-governmental organizations have been
making efforts to organizations for community preparedness based on available
hazard information.
• Formal and specific hazards information exists in the majority of the
neighbouring general public but does not amount to concern for preparedness to
react cogently.
• Informal and general community awareness created by media etc. Exists whereby
only knowledge about possible major risk involving community exists.
8.8 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
The main features and elements of the disaster management plan are as follows
1. Emergency plan for the plant (On-Site)
2. Emergency plan for the surrounding area (Off-Site)
8.8.1 On Site Emergency Plan for the Plant
1. In the enclosed blue print of the premises of proposed LPG plant premises, the
hazardous and non-hazardous zones have been indicated.
2. The emergency control will be the main administrative building where the Fire
In-charge will direct the entire operation. He will also coordinate the entire
operations with the key persons. The assembly points for pre-designated persons
from the works, contractors and other will be either (a) area nearer to the main
administrative building of (b) nearer to the main gate security cabin which are
non-hazardous areas.
8.8.1.1 Procedure for Meeting the Emergency
The following are the procedures for fighting the emergency situation.
1. Communications System
1. Public Address System - 1 no
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2. Motorola handset Walkie-Talkie - 8+1 nos.

(One base station + 6 handsets)
3. BSNL Telephones
4. Electrically operated siren
5. Hand operated siren
Attention all the employees working in the plant and also stack truck / bullet truck crews
contractors will be called for the emergency situations by operating the Fire sirens.
2. Services & Control Systems
The following facilities and fire fighting equipments / apparatus / installations are available.
1. Red / Green Flags - 2 nos (each)
2. Fire Pumps - Centrifugal pumps 5 nos.
- Capacity 615 m3 / Hr-88 m lead
3. Water Hydrant - Double hydrant - 44 nos.
4. Manual Call Points - 10 nos.
5. Hand Siren - 08 nos.
6. ETB - 06 nos.
7. Automated ROVs - 11 nos
8. Gas Monitoring System (No. of sensors) - 35 nos
9. Electrically operated fire sirens - 01 nos
10. Portable Mega Phone - 01 nos
11. Red/Green Flags - 02 sets
12. Bore wells - 03 nos
13. Sprinkler System - All area
14. 10 kg DCP Fire Extinguishers - 101 nos
15. 75 Kg DCP Fire Extinguishers - 05 nos
16. CO 2 type Fire Extinguishers - 15 nos
17. Fire Hoses (15 m length) - 65 nos
18. Jet Nozzles - 28 nos
19. Universal Nozzle - 02 nos
20. Water Curtain Nozzle - 02 nos
21. Fire Hydrant Monitors - 44 nos
22. Sand Buckets - 08 nos
23. Water Gel Blanket - 02 nos
24. First Aid Box with Medicines - 04 nos
25. Safety Helmet - 50 nos
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26. Breathing Apparatus - 01 nos

27. Resuscitator - 01 nos
28. Explosimeter - 02 nos
29. Stretchers - 02 nos
30. Fire Proximity Suit - 01 nos
31. Rubber Hand Gloves for electrical safety - 02 pairs
32. CO 2 cartridges for 10 kg DCP - 101 nos
33. DCP bags - 1010 kg
34. Fire Trolley - 01 nos
3. Control Room
The control room is equipped with the following facilities for firefighting
emergency/hazardous situation
1. 1 no. Telephone
2. Main control - All car pager phone
3. Layout of the plant premises and the layout of the fire fighting equipments location.
4. Nominal roll of employees
5. List of key persons and their telephone numbers viz, fire station, police station,
hospital etc are available on a board prominently displayed.
6. Officers in-Charge available at the control room during working hours including on
Sundays and holidays / night hours.
4. Roll Calls
All personal except those who are detailed to fight emergency will be asked to assemble in
safe place.
8.8.1.2 Maintenance of Equipments / Facilities
Supplies Purpose
To ensure an effective response to emergency situations, adequate quantities and types of
supplies and equipments are to be maintained on-site for use by the emergency brigade and
others.
Responsibility
Responsibility for maintaining plant equipment is assigned to the operations officer
(Maintenance) and operations officers (Safety) jointly. Elaborate and effective safety
facilities are provided in plant to combat any type of contingencies.
The facilities are broadly provided considering the following:
1. Leak detection, prevention
2. Elimination of source of ignition
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3. Fire prevention / fighting

4. Communication, Fire aid, Rescue and Personnel protection.
The facilities provided are
1. The fire water storage tanks (2 nos) of capacity 2500 kl each (7500 kl)
2. 3 nos. fire water pumps capable of 615 kl / hour
1. Gas Monitoring System
The system consists of gas detecting sensors with a control panel and audio / visual alarms.
35 nos. of sensors are located at sensitive and potential hazard areas in the plant with alarms
at control room, office administration building and local station to monitor the gas leaks and
regarding the risk.
2. Air / Vapour Extraction System
It is basically a blower with ducts extended to different operating points in filling shed. The
blower extract any leaking LPG vapour from the floor level and cold flares the same to free
atmosphere. This system is electrically interlocked with filling machines to ensure operation
when, filling operation are carried out.
3. Remote Operated Valves (ROV)
These are electro pneumatically operated quick shut off valves provided on liquid LPG
pipelines with actuating points located remotely and nearer to operating facilities in the plant,
when actuated the valves will close within 10 seconds, stalling the LPG flow in pipelines.
4. Additional Safety Measures
Another identified potential source for fire accidents is Ignition. To eliminate such sources,
following are ensured:
1. Flame proof and intrinsically safe electrical systems and equipments only
are installed.
2. Spark retardant flooring or mastic floor in cylinder handling area.
3. Effective bonding and earthing connection for equipments and product pipelines
to prevent static electricity.
8.8.1.3 Fire Organisation Chart
Fire Organisation Chart for On-Site Emergency Response
A detailed and exhaustive fire fighting chart as per Annexure ‘c’ spelling out the specific
responsibilities for the personnel in the event of fire / hazard (both in English & Tamil) is
exhibited prominently near the administrative block for precise co-ordination & action
during the emergency operation.
The entire fire fighting operation has been classified into three groups of personnel. They are,
I. Fire combating team
II. Rescue team
III. Auxiliary team
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An exhaustive functions of the different teams during the emergency are as detailed below.
I. Fire Combating Team
In -charge - Location In -charge
Alternative In charge - Dy. Manager (Plant)
Alternative - Floor Officer
Fire Fighting Order
1. Person noticing the fire should immediately try to put it out using 10 kg DCP fire
extinguisher and shout “FIRE”, “FIRE” to draw the attention of others and call for
help and intimate location of fire spot to the security, trip the ETB / Operate hand
siren.
2. Person nearer to the fire spot should communicate over the page phone or by
shouting the spot of fire.
3. On receipt of information, one of the security personnel at the main gate intimate
public address system. Another security personnel will rush to the spot with red flag
shouting, “Fire”…… “Fire”……
4. On hearing fire siren, the in-charge / Alternate in-charge of combat team will rush to
the fire spot and issue instruction for speedy combating.
Filling Shed / Cold Repair Shop
Floor officers in-charge of individual functions like productions, cold repair shop,
evacuation, purging should direct personnel as per fire fighting orders and lead them to the
fire spot and await instructions from fire chief. On instructions from the fire chief give
instructions to down the line members.
Work Stations
Tare Weight Punching (Carousel Inlet)
The operator working at this work spot should rush to the fire spot. Take position in one fire
monitor and operate after instruction.
Unloading / Inspection / Tally Cylinder work
Operator, working at this work spot shall rush to fire spot, take position in one fire monitor
and operate after instruction.
Integrated Correction Unit
Operator working at this work spot to rush to fire spot assist unloading tally in monitor
opening.
Online Evacuation
Operator working in this area to remove the cylinders from the evacuation stands, place them
upright and disconnect the hoses. Stop all leaks from the cylinders by plugging with safety
caps, to close the isolation valves and rush to fire spot assist inlet operator in monitoring
opening.
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LPG Pump House

Operation Officer in-charge of pump house operations / bulk decantation operation to closely
supervise personnel to carry out the fire fighting orders and make sure that the unloading
arms are disconnected without leak and moved out to safer place. Report to the fire chief for
his instructions.
One of the pump house operator to release the pneumatic pressure for closing remote
operated valves, pump house / TLD operator to shut down liquid and vapour valves,
disconnect hoses and advise BT drivers to move out cautiously under the advice of Officer
in-charge and rush to fire spot, after collecting breathing apparatus from Fire Trolley.
Another pump house operator will rush to the spot and operate the sprinkler system and
assist in the hydrant operations.
Fire Pump House / Air Compressor Room
PMCC operator should ensure the fire engine operation and monitor.
Generators Switch Room
The operators will ensure that power supply to the motors / equipments are tripped and rush
to the fire pump house and a wait instruction of fire chief.
Operator at Loading Point / Cylinder Tally Work
Rush to the fire spot take position in one hydrant point and operate after instruction.
Maintenance Operator-1
Rush to the fire spot take position in one hydrant point and operate after instruction.
II. Rescue Team
In-Charge - Accounts officer / in-charge Accounts.
Alternative In-charge - AO-II/ OO II
Fire Fighting Orders
1. Ensure that all the personnel in the office follow the fighting orders of the rescue
team.
2. Set up communication with fire station /District authorities, etc. in coordination with
fire chief and await instructions on hearing fire alarm.
Relief-1
The operator relief-1 will rush to the fire spot with stretcher.
Relief-2
The operator relief-1 will rush to the fire spot with water jel blanket and wait for team leader
instruction.
Maintenance-2
The operator in maintenance-2 will rush to fire spot with fire proximity suit and wait for
instructions.
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Accounts officer-II
Keep documents under safe custody and allow visitors, contractor labours to move to the safe
place.
1 Rush to canteen and move out of the contract labors / /outsiders to the assembly
point.
2 To move visitors from out of office to the assembly point.
III Auxiliary Team
In-charge - Dy. Manager (Plant)
Alternative In-charge - Officer in General Shift
1. Rush to the emergency spot along with the team members, with required hoses,
nozzles, helmets etc. and assist Combating team.
2. Arrange to move the fire trolley to the emergency spot.
ICU Operator
The operator in ICU will rush to the fire spot assist the trolley operator in operating
Monitor.
Evacuation
The operator in ICU will rush to the fire spot assist the inlet operator in operating monitor.
The security gate in general shift should ask all the visitor, contract labours to assemble at the
assembly point, near S & D and should do the head counting as per the entry pass.
Fire Fighting Orders
1. Supervise smooth movement of vehicles out of the gate.
2. To ensure relief personnel from workers change room to rush to the firespot with
nozzles.
3. Personnel working in stores shall keep all important documents in safe custody and
rush to the fire spot with first aid box and other consumables.
4. Operations officer in S & D will ensure the smooth evacuation of the cylinder trucks.
5. Auxiliary team members to move CO2 cartridges, nozzles, DCP, Fire hoses etc, to
fire spot as per the instructions of auxiliary team in charge.
Security
1. Run to the fire spot with red flag, shouting “FIRE.... FIRE....
2. One security guard will close / open the gate & regulate the traffic
3. One security guard will be able at the emergency gate and will count the number of
cylinders in truck going out.
4. Security supervisor will count the number of men at the assembly point and tally with
the entry passes.
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8.8.1.4 Action Plan for Raising Emergency Alarm and Communication to

Various Agencies (During Working Hours) Alarm
- Person seeing the fire will raise the alarm by shouting “FIRE, FIRE” to attract the
attention of all
- Person hearing “FIRE, FIRE” sound shall operate nearby hand siren or electric siren
(at office) to give signal of emergency.
- Security at gate shall operate electric siren to communicate emergency to all plant
personnel for action plan.
- If the situation is uncontrollable, the fire chief shall instruct AO II to contact and get
the assistance from external agencies.
Communication
- Operations officer, on the advice of chief fire in-charge shall communicate to police,
adjoining industries. Ambulance and panel doctor and other important persons.
- AO II shall contact fire service and external agencies if required under advice from
fire chief.
- Fire station on advise of IOCL’s chief fire in-charge shall contact outside agencies,
for rendering assistance and arranging rescue, evacuation and medical aid.
- Police control room on receiving the emergency message shall communicate to Dist.
civil and police officials on wireless network.
8.8.1.5 Action Plan in Case of LPG Leakage
1. Leakage from Cylinder Valve with Fire
- Operate fire extinguishers and blanket the valve exposed to fire
- Use sand and blanket the valve exposed to fire
- Immediately after the fire is extinguished close the valve or fix safety cap
- If the valve cannot be closed, remove the cylinder to isolated place away from source
of ignition and vent out LPG under controlled condition.
- When filled cylinder is involved in a fire, the pressure inside the cylinder will rise
abnormally if the pressure is not relieved, and ultimately rupture the container. In
such cases, the cylinders adjacent are to be cooled by spraying water and the
container under fire should be approached from upward wind direction and to be
removed to the place of safety, remote form sources of ignition.
2. Leakage from Pressure Relief Valve with Fire
- Allow the fire to continue
- Cool the vessel to reduce evaporation
- Attempt to cool the vessel extensively so as toreduce the internal pressure
- Pressure relief valve will close automatically
- Extinguish the fire
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- Cool adjoining vessels(s) and structure

3. Leakage from Pipeline / Vessel without Fire
- Cordon off the area around 30 m radius so that no automobile or source of ignition
approaches the area
- Attempt to close the control valve
- Attempt to transfer LPG into another vessel
- Avoid entrapping into the vapour cloud
- Use water spray to disperse vapour cloud
- Concentrate on cooling the vessel to reduce the heat input to the vessel and thus
reduce pressure.
4. Leakage from Pipeline / Vessel with Fire
- Cool the exposed to flames continuously to reduce the rate of LPG evaporation
- Allow the fire to continue under controlled conditions
- Attempt to close the control valve by using water spray to form a curtain with fog /
curtain nozzle
- Attempt to put off the fire only after control valve is closed
- Keep persons away from dished end
- Withdraw the persons to safe zone in case of rising sound coming from safety valves
or discoloration of vessels.
8.8.1.6 Action Plan in Case of Cylinder Fire
When filled LPG cylinder is involved in fire, the internal pressure relived shall build up
above 70 kg / sq cm and ultimately rupture the container. Rupture may also occur lower
pressure if body has become weak by direct flame impingement by jet action.
If container’s pressure is not risen up to 70 kg/sqcm leakage from screwed valve joint can
occur due to different expansion of steel and brass. Ignition of the escaping gas would
aggravate the fire but release of fire reduces the possibility of rupture.
- No attempt should be made to extinguish the burning gas but the container under fire
and other containers in the vicinity should be kept cool by water spray.
- If the gas leakage does not ignite, the container should be approached from upward
wind direction and removed to a place of safety way from the source of ignition.
8.8.1.7 Action Plan in Case of Electrical Fire
- Disconnect the electric supply of affected area
- Attempt to extinguish fire with the help of CO 2 / DCP fire extinguishers
- If fire is not extinguished, extinguish by spraying water with fog nozzle after ensuring
complete isolation of electric circuit.
8.8.1.8 Action Plan for Gas Leak Fire beyond Normal Working Hours ALARM
- Person seeing the fire will raise the alarm by shouting “FIRE, FIRE” and blowing
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hand siren to alert all personnel.

- Security at Gate shall operate electric siren to communicate emergency.
1. Communication
One security person shall inform PM / on phone and contact fire station on P & T
telephone.
- Shift In charge security supervisor who is on duty will works as chief fire In-charge,
supervise the fire fighting operation and issue necessary instructions as per the need
till plant manager arrive and take over the charge.
- Fire pump operator shall run required no of fire pumps.
- Second person shall operate the fire extinguisher to put out the fire and operator
sprinkler system / operate monitor / hydrant with the help of security person.
- Security guards at gate shall continue to remain in position, allow entry to outside
rescue agencies and direct them to the scene of fire. No congestion should be allowed
at gate.
- Operator in the shift should ensure that on spill is enters drains and if unavoidable,
post one security personnel along the drain and see that no spark is brought within the
vicinity.
2. Fire during Night Shift / Sundays / Holidays
In-charge - Security Supervisor
3. On Hearing the Fire Alarm
Rush to fire spot with available personnel and try to put off fire.
1. Advise security guard immediately set in emergency plan
2. Security guard to telephone as per emergency plan
4. For Employees Living Near the Plant
On hearing the fire alarms rush to the plant, do not panic, and follow fire fighting orders
issued by officer in-charge.
8.8.1.9 Assignment of Responsibilities
1. Plant Manager
The plant manager has final authority for the implementation of the disaster management
plan and the plan includes the following activities.
1. Assuring continued compliance with the provisions of politics of the corporation on
emergency prevention and response.
2. Approving the plan’s provisions and all subsequent revisions.
3. Reviewing and approving the release of any information to the press or to other
recognized authorities or public.
4. Approving the initiation of formal or informal agreements with any governmental,
community or industries.
5. Assuring that adequate resources are made available to support the emergency
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management activities.
6. Monitoring the effectiveness of response activities during emergencies and taking
action to ensure that appropriate procedures are followed
7. Determine the termination of an emergency clear plan.
The plant manager will also be responsible for overseeing all on-site emergency plan
activities which specifically includes the following.
1. Appointment of personnel to the emergency brigade.
2. Determining a full site evacuation plan.
3. Conducting post-emergency investigations.
The deputy manager will be responsible for fulfilling the duties of the plant manager in his
absence, in addition he will act as a liaison officer between the responding organizations and
the media during emergencies and will participates in public information and community
awareness activities.
The safety officer is responsible for developing the plant emergency management / disaster
management plans and procedures and the specific responsibility includes:
1. Formulating, reviewing and ensuring implementation of the emergency plan.
2. Ensuring that emergency response training concerning provisions of the plan is
provided to all employees.
3. Ensuring that this plan is tested through the conduct of drills and exercises.
4. Administrating safety and health review programs.
5. Preparing and submitting emergency related reports to management and the plant as
required.
The operations officers (maintenance) will be responsible for providing technical advice and
assistance to the plant manager in the formulation of the disaster management plan and
during the emergencies. He will also be responsible for fulfilling the duties of the plant
manager or the deputy plant manager of safety officer is unable to perform the functions.
2. Inspections
Hazard studies are conducted at the plant before commissioning and also applied to the
proposed installation and modification of buildings, equipments, mechanical and electrical
systems, utilities, fire protection system, grounds etc.
Plans or specifications on designated projects shall be submitted to an acceptance committee
consisting of operations manager, engineer manager and Safety Manager for review prior to
project implementation. Recommendations will be submitted with the final plans and
specifications to the departmental head for review. If the departmental head finds that plans
and specifications are not meeting the recommendations of the acceptance committee, he
shall return the final plans to the originator for modifications or a justification of deviations.
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Purpose
This procedure provides for the inspection and correction of ensuring the timely competitions
of periodic inspections and correction of problems.
Responsibility
The officer in-charge of each function is responsible for ensuring the timely completion of
periodic inspections and correction of problems.
Frequency
The frequency of specific inspections to be carried out at the plant as per the norms is as
follows:
Internal
Plant inspection Daily, monthly (By Safety Officer & Plant
Manager)
Regional office (Operations) - Yearly
Regional office (S & EP) - Yearly
Head office (S & EP) - Yearly
CAP Exercise - Monthly
Electrical audit - Once in Two years
Emergency equipments - Weekly
Maintenance - Monthly
Office - Quarterly
Fire protection systems - Monthly / Annually
External Safety Audit
1. Surprise inspection by OSID
2. Safety audit by competent person, approved by chief inspector of factories- once in a
year.
8.8.1.10. Public Information on Site Emergency Response Plan
1. Purpose
Purpose of this procedure is to provide a program that ensures the distribution of information
concerning the plant emergency management to the media and the general public.
2. Objectives
The objectives of the plant public information program are
1. To help foster the view that Indane bottling plant, Tirunelveli is responsible on issues
concerning environmental health and safety.
2. To clearly communicate Indane bottling plant, Tirunelveli LPG Bottling Plant’s
policies positions and activities to the public.
3. To inform the Public about the positive contributions of the plant to the community.
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4. To produce materials as needed to further internal or external understanding of key

issues.
5. To encourage collaboration among business. Government and citizen groups within
the community.
3. Responsibility
The operations officer is responsible for developing,-coordinating and implementing all
elements of the IOCL’s Community Awareness program. The public relations manager will
be provided assistance as necessary.
The ensure effectiveness, management will participate in this program to the extent possible.
The Deputy General Manager (LPG), and other senior managers are expected to participate
in the public speaking engagements.
4. Procedure
Only the plant manager / Public relations manager shall respond to questions from the media.
All media contacts should be referred to one of these individuals.
Plant manager shall provide a list of those members from the plant who might be expected to
participate in public information program or dealing with the press. These members should
be provided with specialized training in dealing with public relations.
A program covering various community groups involving the following aspects will be
prepared for presentation to general public.
1. History, description and location of the plant
2. Safety performance
3. Environmental protection measures
4. Community development program
5. Jobs provided
6. Over view of emergency plan
7. Coordination with off-site authority
8. Joint training drills & exercises
9. Mutual aid assistance
The plant manager will identify those community organizations to whom this program should
be offered through the following agencies.
1. Local Govt. High School
2. District fire services authorities
3. Neighboring Industries
4. Local Panchayat authorities
5. Local Police
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6. Central & State Government agencies

On-site visit shall be provided to interested groups to have a firsthand information and look
of the plant operations.
IOCL recognizes that its employees are the best and most effective communicators of the
Corporation’s programmers and policies. Therefore the plant manager will annually provide
an update of the plant’s community and emergency management program to all employees.
Operations officer shall keep a record of all community awareness activities in which IOCL
participates and the summary of the activities shall be sent to Regional Office. Operations
officer will be responsible for maintaining and updating this procedure and any changes shall
be coordinated with the Safety officer and approved by the Plant manager.
5 Surrounding Areas
The proposed plant is located adjacent to NH 7 which connects Varanasi & Kanyakumari and
18 km from Tirunelveli city. The nearest railway station is situated at Gangaikondan at a
distance of 4 km (E).The nearest Airport is situated at Tuticorin at a distance of 33.55 km
(SW).
8.9 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN
An integral part of the disaster management plan is the Off-Site emergency plan. The plan is
mainly dependent upon a very close co-ordination and assistance from the local
administration like police, fire brigade, medical services (hospitals) etc.
8.10 PLANT MAINTENANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
It is the responsibility of the safety officer to ensure that all section of the plant are kept
current and are being implemented. The plant is to be reviewed annually to ensure the
accuracy of information. The major provisions are to be tested at last yearly.
The safety officer is to ensure that the plan is modified as required to reflect any changes in
the facilities/organization or operating conditions .The safety officer that all required
revisions identified by post incident review and investigation are implemented. All changes
and modifications should be forwarded to all possessor of this plan. Distribution of the plan
shall be determined by the plant manager but generally it includes the following: The brief
description of plant activities chart in Annexure-A
8.10.1 Internal Distribution
1. LPG Operation Dept. Head Office, Mumbai.
2. Safety and Environment Protection Dept. Head, Mumbai.
3. LPG Dept. Tamil Nadu State Office, Chennai.
4. Safety & EP, Southern Region, Chennai.
5. Plant Manager
6. All Officers in the plant
8.10.2 External Distribution
1. Collectorate
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2. Factory inspectorate
3. Pollution Control Board
4. Local Police
5. Local Fire Brigade
6. Hospitals
7. Local Panchayat
8. Neighbouring Industries & Intuitions
9. Telephone/Telegraphs Department
10. Electricity Board
8.11 PUBLIC INFORMATION
8.11.1 Off-Site Emergency Response Plan
1. Purpose
Purpose of this procedure is to provide a program that ensures the distribution of information
concerning the plant emergency management to the media and the general public.
2. Objectives
The objectives of the plant public information program are:
1. To help foster the view that Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli in responsible on issue
concerning environmental, health and safety.
2. To clearly communicate Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli policies positions and
activities to the public.
3. To inform the public about the positive contributions of the plant to the community.
4. To produce materials as needed to further internal or external understanding of key
issues.
5. To encourage collaboration among business, Government and citizen groups within
the community.
3. Responsibility
The operation officer is responsible for developing, coordinating and implementing all
elements of the IOCL’s community awareness program. The public relations manager will be
provided assistance as necessary.
To ensure effectiveness, management will participate in this program to the extent possible.
The Deputy General Manager (LPG), Tamil Nadu State Office and other senior managers are
expected to participate in the public speaking engagements.
4. Procedure
Only the Plant manager/Public relations manager shall respond to questions from the media.
All media contacts should be referred to one of these individuals.
Plant manager shall provide a list of those members from the plant who might be expected to
participate in public information program or dealing with the press. These members should
be providing with specialized training in dealing with public relations.
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A program covering various community groups involving the following aspects will be
prepared for presentation to general public.
1. History description and location of the plant.
2. Safety performance
3. Environmental protection measures
4. Community development program
5. Jobs provided
6. Over view of emergency plan
7. Coordination with off-site authority
8. Joint training drills & exercises
9. Mutual aid assistance
The Plant Manager will identify that community organization to whom this program should
be offered through the following agencies.
1. Local Government High school
2. District fire service authorities
3. Neighboring industries
4. Local Panchayat authorities
5. Local police
6. Central & State Government Agencies
On site visit shall be provided to interested groups to have a firsthand information and look
of the plant operations.
IOCL’s recognizes that its employees are the best and most effective communications of the
corporation’s programmers and policies. Therefore, the plant manager will annually provide
an update of the plant’s community and emergency management program to all employees.
Operations officer shall keep a record of all community awareness activities in which IOCL
participates and the summary of the activities shall be sent to regional office. Operation
officer will be responsible for maintaining and updating this procedure and any changes shall
be coordinated with the safety officer and approved by the plant manager.
5. Surrounding Areas
East - Vacant Land
West - Nova carbon - Factory
North - Vacant Land
South - 30 ft Road
8.11.2 Off-Site Emergency Plan for the Surrounding Areas
In the event of a major fire accident / gas leak in the plant, it is anticipated that it may have
an effect on the surrounding areas adjoining the plant. The fire in- charge with the assistance
of other officers on duty will coordinate the following activities.
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1. Seek the assistance by telephone from police station, police control room to control the
movement of traffic / public on the road.
2. To alert the residents of the surrounding villages / hamlets and other industrial units /
establishments.
3. Inform commissioner / superintendent of police, Tirunelveli. District fire offices at
Tirunelveli and other industrial units / establishments surrounding the plant area for
alert and necessary assistance.
4. Contact any other protection forces such as CRPF, RPF, Fire officers / safety officers
available in the respective offices / establishments / units of the surrounding areas.
5. Contact electricity board, Tirunelveli and the nearby electrical sub-station in-charges
for continuous power supply/total disconnection of power as the case may be according
to hour to hour situation and fire fighting needs.
6. Arrange for the security of the premises, pipelines, pressure vessels, employees and
other vital installations.
7. Arrange for required number of transport vehicles for movement of key
personnel/employees from residence to location or from location to places of safety or
residence as the case may be required.
8. Alert station master Gangaikondan Railway station.
9. Contact and seek assistance of the medical personnel from the primary health Centre /
Government Hospital and other available medical officers from the nearby factories,
industrial units/establishments.
10. Assign a team for recharging fire extinguishers, monitoring the water. Pressure for
continuous supply of water and other fire fighting materials.
11. To provide food, water etc., for the employees who are manning the emergency
situation.
12. Inform important customers like road transport corporations, railways, defense, police,
Electricity municipal corporation, milk diaries etc. of the repercussions of the
emergency situation.
The off-site emergency plan of the plant is based on the following services:
1. Alarm
2. Evacuation
3. Power-shut down
4. Fire/Hazardous incident
5. Control Centre
6. Communication
7. Security
8. Medical
9. Rescue
10. Repairs
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11. Decontamination
12. Transportation
13. Traffic control
14. Mutual aid
15. Public Relations
16. Welfare
The details are given here under:
1. Alarm
One Nos. of electrically operated sirens and 5 Nos. hand operated sirens are provided in the
plant premises/main gate entrance.
2. Evacuation
Main Gate is available for emergency exit and emergency entry separately for men and
vehicles. All trained personnel are to handle the situation.
3. Power Shut Down
All electrical supply lines, hazardous liquid carrying pipelines, valves, vapor lines, water
lines etc. are color coded for identification. 2 Nos. 275 kVA and 1 No. 140 kVA Generator
sets are available for operation during power failure. All incoming power mains provided
in the power motor control room for on/off operation.
4. Fire Organization Chart
Fire organization chart hast been updated and displayed at prominent places. Telephones
are available local fire brigades for immediate assistance.
5. Control Centre / Communication
The Administrative building/plant manager’s cabin will be the control room where
telephones, pagers, fax, machines are provided and it will be manned by key personnel
round the clock during the emergency operation.
6. Security
Security Guards are provided round the clock. 100% frisking at all the gates for the entry
of persons into the plant premises is enforced during all the time and in emergency
situations. Employees of the plant are provided with identity badges.
7. Safety of Records
All the records pertaining to the plant are stored safely in a room in safe vaults.
8. Medical Facilities in Organization
Number of person from staff within the plant has been fully trained in first aid. A first aid
team consisting of officers and staff of IOC has been constituted to take care of first aid
needs. Details and names of the members of this team are displayed at plant.
 All important first aid medicines are stored in the plant to ensure round the
clock availability of same.
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Action Plan
 Do cover the frostbitten area with water jet.
 Bring victim inside to warm area as soon as possible.
 Imperious frost bitten area in cool to cold water.
 Gently cover affected parts with water jet if affected area cannot be
immersed in cool water.
 On affected parts, injured party should start exercising fingers, toes and legs.
 Do not turn water pressure or pour water on burn areas.
 Give victim a warm, non-alcoholic drink. Get the victim to a physician.
 Do not use hot water, hot water bottles or heat lamp on burn. Do not rub
with snow or ice, as this increase the chances of gangrene infection.
 Tell physician that a freeze or frostbite form LPG is parallel to a burn.
For the purpose of mutual aid in case of off-site emergency situation, the services from
the following. Hospitals Dispensaries have been identified:
1. Govt, hospital, Tirunelveli
2. Govt, Primary Health Center
3. Govt. Hospital, Tirunelveli
4. ESI hospital, Tirunelveli
9. Rescue
Life saving equipments / materials such as resuscitator, water Jel blankets, first aid boxes,
air breathing apparatus etc. is provided. At the nearest Hospital standby arrangements will
be made for effective medical aid for such of those people who are injured during the
disaster.
10. Repairs / Hot Works
All the repair works in the plant premises is carried out under proper permission and
effective supervision. No hot work is permitted inside the plant operational areas.
11. Pollution Control
Sufficient vegetation - Green Belt of 30 meter wide is developed all round the plant premises
which serve to prevent air pollution.
12. Traffic Control
Local police control room/traffic police will be contacted for their assistance to control
traffic in and around the plant premises. Similarly, railway station / control office will also be
contacted for regulating the movement of trains in the vicinity of the plant premises.
8.11.3 Off-Site Emergency Response Plan Bulk LPG Bullet Trucks
Following are the emergency actions envisaged for the road accidents involving Bulk LPG
Bullet trucks based on the historical accident records.
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Accident with no Damage to the Bullet (Head on Collision with Cabin Damage and
Minor Injury to Crew)
Place of Accident - Main Highway and within populated area actions required.
1. TREM Card instructions in case of emergency should be immediately enforced.
2. The Battery should be disconnected immediately.
3. Fire Extinguisher kept aside, as a standby.
4. Bullet Tank should be surveyed thoroughly for leakage from any of the fittings.
Traffic should be stopped in case of major leakage.
5. Nearby police station should be informed' through passing truck or Messenger.
6. With the assistance of TREM Card, nearest LPG plant and transporter should be
contacted through telephone.
7. In case the crew has been moved to Hospital for first aid, the truck should be guarded
by any willing volunteer.
8. Crowding around by people and smoking in the vicinity of 30 m radius should be
controlled.
9. In case of any leakage from any of the fittings, the portion should be covered with wet
gunny bags and water should be continuously applied, to allow, the freezing / ice
formation around the areas of leakage. Alternately, "Leak Sealing Pad” should be
wrapped around the spot.
10. Police shall control the Traffic with Fire Brigade as stand by, till the rescue operations
were completed and tank is moved to nearest plant for decantation of product and
degassing.
11. Subsequently the truck can be taken for repairs.
Accident with No Damage to Bullet (Head on Collision with Cabin Damage and Fatal
Injury to Crew)
Place of Accident: Main Highway and within populated area actions required:
1. TREM card instructions in case of emergency should be immediately enforced.
2. The injured crew should be removed from the cabin and to be admitted in nearest
Hospital through any vehicle available
3. If the accident resulted in death of crew, the bodies should be removed, should be
kept at a clean place covering them with a cloth.
4. The battery should be disconnected immediately. Fire extinguisher kept as standby.
5. Bullet tanks should be surveyed thoroughly for leakage from any of the fittings.
6. Traffic should be stopped in case of any major leakage.
7. Nearby police station and fire brigade should be informed through passing truck of
messenger with the assistance of TREM CARD, nearest LPG plant and transporter
should be contacted through telephone.
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8. In case of crew has been moved to hospital for first aid, the truck should be
guarded by any willing volunteer.
9. Crowding around by people and smoking in the vicinity of 30 m radius should be
controlled.
10. In case of any leakage from any of the fittings a portion should be covered with
wet gunny bags and water should be applied continuously to allow the freezing ice
formation around the area of leakage. Alternatively, leaks sealing pad should be
wrapped around the spot.
11. Simultaneously information should be sent to chief controller of explosives at The
following address:
Chief Controller of Explosives,
Govt, of India,
Department of Explosives,
Nagpur
Telegram: Explosive, Nagpur
Police shall control the traffic with fire brigades standby, till the rescue operations were
completed and tank is moved to nearest plant for decantation of the product and
degassing.
1. Accident with Bullet (Overturning of Bullet without Damage to Bullet)
Place of Accident: Main Highway/ populated
area Actions required:
1. In case crew requires any first aid treatment at any nearby hospital the truck should
be attended by any other responsible person who may volunteer to do so.
2. The Battery should be disconnected immediately.
3. Fire extinguishers kept aside as a standby.
4. All tanks fitting like safety relief valves, liquid and vapor valves, pipeline and
rotogauge should be checked closely for any leakage / damage.
5. In case of minor leakage, it can be controlled by sealing the spot by wet gunny bag or
marking an earth bund around. Message should be sent to nearest police station and
fire station for assistance. Truck owner should be informed as per the information
painted on tank body.
6. Police should inform the LPG plant, nearest Indian oil depot and the truck owner
through nearest telephone for any assistance. Police / volunteers should be gathered
and advised to stop all persons smoking within the vicinity of 30 m radius if gas is
leaking and also should advise people staying in nearby areas to be in readiness for
evacuating the area. People should be moved from upwind side to downwind side.
7. The vehicle should be hoisted into an upright position using a suitable capacity crane
or pulley block arrangement while taking all precautions about fittings to avoid any
further damage which may lead to leak.
8. After the completion of the rescue operations the tank should be moved to the nearest
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Bottling plant for decantation and degassing. Subsequently the vehicle shall be taken
for repairs.
2. Accident to Bullet Truck with Damage to Bullet Truck Resulting In Leakage and
Fire Action to be taken:
Effort should be made to confine or control rather than extinguishing. In case of fire is minor
in nature it should be extinguished using fire extinguisher, provided it is very sure that the
source of leakage can be stopped.
If the fire is uncontrollable, nearby public and vehicle should be alerted to move away from
the fire spot. People in the vicinity of 100 m. should be evacuated and the spot should be
cordoned off.
People should be moved from up-wind side to downwind side. Simultaneously, police and
fire brigade should be informed through telephone/messenger. If the fire cannot be controlled
still, await till the help arrives.
Fire brigade should control the fire as per the following:
1. Fire should be handled with extreme caution.
2. Provide 2 water nozzles lines one from each direction. If space permits give special
attention the space between the rear and Driver’s cabin and avoid possibility of vehicle
overturning due to water jet force.
3. Two water nozzles lines with 250 GPM nozzles at 80 PSI should move one line
directing the spray system of the tank and the other using wide angle sprays for
protection, make sure that continuous cooling is maintained on dish ends of bullet
truck.
4. When reinforcement arrives, attack with 2 lines with 4 fire man on each line with the
third approach line dish end.
5. With continuously cooling, safety relief values which have opened due to increase in
pressure inside the tank will reset. Cooling should be continued till normal vapor
pressure reached inside the tank. When the relief value closes all three attack lines
should be switched to narrow angle spray and back-up line to narrow line. After stable
condition is achieved, close the leaky value or leaky fitting using proper blanks,
without coming in line with the attack line.
After controlling the fire on tank, attack fire on tyres, cabin and engine compartments.
Fire fighters and personnel dealing with vapor clouds must be protected continuously by
water spray. Care should be taken to ensure that static charge is not generated in the vapor
cloud. Hence solid jets of water must be avoided and spray nozzles should be used. Use
protective clothing like fire proximity/fire entry suits and self contained breathing
apparatus, when necessary.
3. Accident to Bullet Truck with No Damage to Bullet Popping Of Safety Relief Valve
Actions Required:
1. Operate isolation switch and take fire extinguishers from hold.
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2. Stop traffic both sides of road.

3. Inform police and fire brigade through telephone or messenger.
4. Volunteers/police should be gathered and should be advised to stop all persons
smoking within the vicinity of 30 m radius if gas is leaking and also should advise
people staying in nearby areas to be in readiness for evacuating the area. People should
be moved from up-wind side to down-wind side.
5. If the water source is available around, pour water on the upper surface of the tank to
cool the surface.
6. When fire brigade arrives, water jet should be applied through narrow angle on the
upper portion of the tank to induce cooling effect.
7. If the safety relief valve is in the proper shape/adjusted it will reset as soon as the
pressure falls below the set pressure.
8. If the valve is not reset, allow the vapor to escape under controlled condition, with fine
spray of water dispersing the vapor cloud.
9. Surrounding areas should be guarded to ensure to ignition source is not generated.
Afterwards move the bullet truck slowly to the nearest bottling plant fr- emptying out
the contents.
8.11.4 Nature Hazards
8.11.4.1 Action Plan for High Winds
1. Weather reports shall be monitored from broadcast warnings regarding threatening
conditions.
2. If the high winds have been sighted or effect is felt, following steps should be taken by
plant personnel.
a. Persons shall be notified over public address system or through siren.
b. Emergency services shall be alerted for assistance.
c. Plant personnel should be advised to assemble in the administration
building basement/staff room/recreation room and rest room.
d. All safety system should be kept on alert and all non essential utilities
should be put off.
3. After the status is rested, personal should inspect all the facilities for resources, first aid
and damage control activities, damage assessment cleanup, restoration and recovery.
8.11.4.2Action Plan for Floods
1. Based on weather broadcast warning regarding impending flood conditions, following
steps should be taken.
2. Shifting of all men, moveable equipments and supplies to the elevated area.
3. If time permits, sand pad dikes can be constructed to drive of control the flood waters
from high risk facilities.
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8.11.4.3 Action Plan Earthquake

1. When first tremors are sensed during an earth quake, all personnel should evacuate
building and assemble at safe place away from structures, walls and falling objects.
Emergency shutdown should be declared.
2. Emergency services should be contacted for assistance.
3. After the status is restored, personnel should inspect all the facilities for rescue, first aid
and damage control activities, damage assessment, clean up, restoration and recovery.
8.11.5 Social Emergencies
8.11.5.1 Action Plan for Water / Food Poisoning Symptoms
Sudden discomfort affecting the digestive system shortly after consumption of food /
water.
Action to Be Taken
1. Employees noticing the persons with symptoms should alert plant manager. Plant
manager will initiate steps for identifying the source and cutting of the supply.
2. First aid shall be rendered to the affected persons.
3. They will be moved to nearest hospital in the emergency vehicle for further treatment.
All explosive can be decanted by mechanical shock. This is usually referred to as
“Sensitivity Shock” initiating explosives such as lead acid, Mercury fulminate etc. are
detonated may mild shock as tap of pencil they are extremely hazardous because any
movement is apt to detonate then with without any warning. As such explosives should be
handled only under the supervision of an expert like controller of Explosives.
8.11.5.2 Bomb Threat
When a Bomb Threat call is received the following measures are to be take.
1. Inform the message details to the highest local Police Authority and seek their
assistance for patrolling and security need.
2. Inform Controller of Explosives the details and nature of anonymous message and
required operations.
3. Request the Local Fire Brigade to position at least one fire tender at the location
immediately.
4. Keep the concerned Department at the Regional level inform with the development at
regular intervals.
5. Alert the local Government / Private Hospitals and seek their help for providing
ambulances if necessary.
8.11.5.3 In The Location Premises
1. Keep the Fire Hydrant system / all fire fighting and personal protective equipments in
readiness.
2. Every one entering the location must be frisked at the gate / check all hand bags,
parcels, etc., for suspected explosive / dangerous objects.
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3. Have thorough inspection of the location for any suspected / unidentified dangerous
object.
4. Materials and other boxes to be brought into the location must be deposited at the gate
for minimum curing period of 48 hours.
5. Organize vigilance cell consisting of Employees and Officers for round the clock
observation of the premises.
8.11.5.4 If The Suspected Object is Found
1. In case of finding of suspected article, do not disturb its position, but the area around it
should be cordoned off to a distance of 100 Mts. And more-depending upon the gravity
of the situation.
2. Adequate staff or police squad posted to prevent any unauthorized entry into the
enforced cordon.
3. Contact Controller of Explosives immediately who on reaching the site will decide
suitable action for defusing the disposal of the suspected objected.
4. Evolutions of thick billowing smoke is an indication of impending explosion and in
such cases withdraw or evacuate all personnel from the spot which has been identified.
As a general measure regulate the movement of the outsiders inside our premises and restrict
their entry with permit.
1. Sabotage
This section is intended to provide an effective means of preventing acts. Of sabotage by
employees of Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli or others and of reaching to such acts.
This section defines sabotage as any deliberate action by an individual or group designed to
Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli personnel, damage, equipment or disrupt normal operation
are to be prevented.
2. Critical Equipment
The safety manager will construct a list of critical pieces of production equipment and stores
of materials that are considers suspect able to sabotage. For those items identified, the
following procedures should be implemented.
Access is restricted.
Devices are locked where possible.
3. Facility Access
Access to Indane Bottling Plant, by vendors, contractors and other visitors is controlled in
accordance with Tirunelveli Bottling Plant, gate control procedure.
1. Visitors shall be permitted inside the plant licensed area only with the special
authorization by PM.
2. All visitors are logged in and out.
3. Visitors must wear a special badge
4. Visitors are escorted by Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli employees.
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5. Contractors, vendors, delivery drivers etc., are to be restricted to the immediate location
of the work area.
6. Remote entrance points are to be kept secured except as needed.
4. Others Provisions
The finance dept: A head is responsible for developing and maintaining access cards and key
control procedures.
All management and supervisors should immediately report suspected acts of sabotage to the
safety officer and plat manager.
Since the results of an act of sabotage are the same as those resulting from accidental (i.e fire,
explosion, spill, etc.,) appropriate response procedures are to be used as appropriate.
Specific individuals are to be assigned responsibility for securing designated doors gates
cabinets, etc., at the end of shift periods.
All issues relating to sabotage and other security questions should be referred to the local
police.
8.11.5.5 Recovery
The procedures outlined in this section are intended to minimize the adverse effects of an
emergency incident by providing an effective means of re-establishing. Normal operation
conditions in the least amount of time. In addition, the procedures also provide for
determining the cause of the accident so that future incidents can be prevented. Emergency
response activities will be reviewed so that more effective can be used in the future.
This section is divided into five parts:
1. Incident investigation
2. Establishing a recovery team
3. Damage assessment
4. Cleanup and restoration
5. Post emergency & recovery reporting
1. Incident Investigation
As soon as it is safe to do so, an incident investigation to determine the cause of an
emergency and to determine the means of preventing any further occurrences to be
conducted.
Responsibility
The plant manager will co-ordinate the investigation and prepares all final reports. The
investigation is to be conducted by a team to be headed by the plant manager and consist of
appropriate personnel including all or some of the following.
1. Safety Officer
2. Shift Officer
3. Plant Maintenance Officer
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Procedure
The investigation of the scene should include
1. Photographing the area
2. Determining the point of origin of the fire/leak/explosion, if possible
3. Note the position of values, controls and devices
4. Note any unusual items in the area or any damage that is inconsistent with the type of
incident or intensity written or recorded statements from all operators involved,
potential witnesses and others, who might have pertinent knowledge of the incident.
Description of events leading upto the incident, assessment of what might have
happened, why, and suggested corrective actions should be obtained. Where possible
(and when no risk of another incident exists) tests of equipment and / or simulations
should be employed.
Report
A final report is to be prepared to include the most probable cause and recommended
corrective measures. The report should consider.
1. Failures of Equipment
2. Failures of maintenance
3. Failures of procedures
4. Inadequate training
5. Human error
Corrective Action
The Investigation team is also responsible for conducting a review of response activities
during the emergency to evaluate the adequacy of training, equipment and procedures.
The plant manager is responsible for ensuring that all corrective actions to prevent a
recurrence of the incident better response to emergencies are taken.
2. Establishing a Recovery Team
Purpose
In order to facilitate the restoration of normal plant operations as soon as an emergency
situation has been declared under control, a recovery team is to be established to manage
recovery activities, including damage assessment. The recovery team is to be activated by the
plant manager
Organization
The recovery team organization will vary depending on the nature of the incident and the
event of recovery operations. As a general rule however, the following individuals should be
included.
1. Plant Manager to act as team leader
2. Maintenance officer to expedite contracts
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3. Accounts officer to provide assistance in maintaining accurate accounting of losses.

4. The safety officer to prepare final reports and to assess the incident’s impact on the
environment and to develop necessary government reports.
The recovery team will be responsible for damage assessment, clean-up and salvage
operations and the restoration of operations. The plant manager will forward weekly status
reports to the general manager and other as necessary, including all estimates of repair costs,
inventories and schedules.
Each member of the team is to designate an alternate person to act in their seat when
necessary. Other departments may be called on by the team leader to assist in recovery
operations.
3. Damage Assessment
A primary function of the recovery team will be to assess the damage to plant structures,
equipment and materials as well as to assess damage to offsite areas and the environment in
conjunction with civil authorities.
Responsibility
The plant manager will co-ordinate the team’s efforts and assigns tasks and areas of
responsibility. The maintenance officer will supervise the inspection and testing of
equipment by qualified maintenance personnel.
The shift officer will consult with the plant maintenance officer and technical personnel, to
develop a list of necessary replacement items and services.
The maintenance officer is to contact vendors of damages items to obtain any necessary
technical assistance. Operation officer is to ensure that all damaged items, labour costs etc.,
are recorded and that proper documentation is maintained.
Each team member will report their findings to the plant manager
Based on the findings of the Recovery Team, an action plan will be prepared which includes
the following.
1. Ensure that the attending physician is given all appropriate technical support
2. That proper notification of next of kin has been made
3. Obtain estimates of medical costs
Based on the findings of the Recovery Team, an action plan will be prepared which includes
the following
1. An estimate of losses detailing equipment, machinery, personnel injured and material
lost.
2. A prioritized listing of necessary repair / reconstruction work, personnel assignment
and estimates of completion schedules.
4. Clean - Up and Restoration Operation
As soon as incident investigations are completed and restoration plans have been made,
cleanup and restoration activities should commence.
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Responsibility
The safety officer is responsible for the proper reporting and documentation to necessary
central, state and local agencies. The Maintenance officer will direct repair, clean-up and
restoration of utilities and salvage activities.
The Maintenance Officer, is responsible for co-ordinating the activities of contractors /
vendors and supply all necessary reference information. The Maintenance officer is
responsible for monitoring all activities to ensure the safety of cleanup and salvage personnel
making sure that proper personnel protective equipment is utilized. The Maintenance Officer
should replace or restore all emergency equipment and supplies as necessary.
The maintenance officer will expedite all orders for necessary equipment, supplies and
services. The operations officer will monitor and record all costs related to recovery
activities. All recovery team members will submit weekly progress reports to the Dy.General
Manager (LPG). A consolidated report will be forwarded to the General Manager.
Damage
Temporary storage facilities will be established for damaged equipment to facilitate
inspection by insurance personnel. Prior to restoration of normal operations, all affected
equipment is to be tested and checked out according to procedures established by statutory
rules & regulations such as SMPV and Factory rules etc.,
5. Post - Emergency Recovery Reports
As soon as is practical after the session of the recovery phase, the safety officer is to hold
review sessions with emergency response personnel to evaluate
1. The adequacy of emergency response procedures
2. The adequacy of the investigation of the cause of the incident
3. Summarize the post - emergency activities
The safety officer will then prepare and submit a full report of the incident to the General
Manager with copies to other persons as necessary. This final report will summarize all
previous reports and reviews as mentioned in this section.
Mutual Aid
It is the policy of Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli to assist its neighbours in preparing for
the responding to emergencies that may occur either on-site or off-site. Indane Bottling Plant,
Tirunelveli provides response assistance to local emergency response agencies and to
neighbouring industrial facilities.
Indane Bottling Plant, Tirunelveli provides this assistance under verbal agreement with local
officials. Assistance is only provided in cases where plant property and personnel would be
reasonably safe from harm.
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8.11.6 Government Private Agency Co ordination

Purpose
The extent of involvement, if any by Government Agencies (i.e. Fire, police, Electricity
Board, etc.,) and other organizations (i.e.) Hospitals, Telephones, Railways, Local Bodies,
etc., in a plant emergency, will depend upon the type and magnitude of the crisis. This
section outlines the types of assistance available from outside organizations during any plant
emergencies. Shown in Table no. 8.3
Table no. 8.3: Government Private Agency Co-ordination
Organization Fire Spill Security Medical Others
Fire Services Yes Yes -- Yes --
Police Yes Yes Yes Yes --
Hospital -- -- -- Yes Yes
EB Yes -- -- -- Yes
Local Panchayat -- -- -- Yes Yes
Telephones -- -- -- -- Yes
Transport -- -- -- -- Yes
Neighbour Yes Yes

Industries
Fire Service
Fire Service forces will rush the Fire Tenders and their force to the plant and to co-ordinate
with the plant Authorities in meeting the emergencies.
Police
Police force will maintain the “Law & Order” at the emergency scene and adjacent area to the
plant. They will also regulate the movement of traffic on the High-way in co-ordination with
the RTO Authorities. Priority for movement of Ambulance, Fire Service vehicles, etc., will
be given by the police.
Hospital
Emergency panel of Doctors with Para-medical attendants equipped with life saving drugs
and for treatment of cold burns, First Aid equipments and apparatus shall rush to the site.
They will establish camp for treatment of those affected by the emergency situations.
Electricity Board
They will assist in emergency cut-off/ supply of power to the emergency area and will co-
ordinate with the plant authorities to contain the situation.
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Local Panchayat
Local Panchayat will coordinate the evacuation of the Community, surrounding the plant area
aid in information dissemination regarding the emergency situation and assist in rescue
operations.
Telephones
Telephones & Telegraph personnel will extend their service in speedy communication
regarding the emergency situation and operation in co-operation with the plant authorities.
Transport
Necessary adequate movement of Public Transport required for evacuation of community
surrounding the plant area will be arranged.
Neighbour Industries
Services like Fire Tenders, Ambulance, Medical Personnel, and Trained Fire Fighting
Personnel will be drawn to the site to co-ordinate with plan authorities in meeting the
emergency situation.
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ANNEXURE A
168
ANNEXURE-B
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
IDENTITY OF MATERIAL
LPG, Bottle gas liquefied
Product Name UN No 1075
hydrocarbon gas Red: Flammable Liquid /
Label / Class
Trade Name LPG CAS No. 68476-85-7 2.1
Formula Mixture of propane and HAZCHEM code 2WE
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Physical State Gas Boiling Point/Range. oC. 1 Vapor Pressure at 25 oC
1823
Appearance Colorless Melting / Freezing point, oC 138 mm Hg
Odor Odorless / Stanched Vapor Density (Air=1) 1.5 - 2.0 Evaporation rate at 30
o much>1 9 Bu Ac=1
Solubility in water Insoluble Specific Gravity, 20 deg. C 0.53 - 0.57 C.
Calorific value Heat of Vaporization
4.63E + 07 Dyn. Viscosity (PAS 30 oC) 3.17E+05
Kcal/Kg Kcal/kg
Molecular Weight Sp. Heat liq./J/kg 2.23E+03
FIRE AND EXPLOSIVE DATA
Explosivity Highly dangerous Auto Ignition Temp. oC. 405-50 Flash point, C, CC / oC 60
Flammability Dangerous Explosive Limits, % 1.8-9.6 Burning Rate 7.9 mm / min

Extinguishing Media CO 2 DCP water spray may be used to control and confine LPG fires
Special Procedures DO not attempt to extinguish fire until leak has been shut off. For small fire use dry chemicals. Let large fires bum.
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CHAPTER 9
PROJECT BENEFITS
9.1 INTRODUCTION
The present demand for bottled LPG in Tamil Nadu is 1065 TMT as against the rated
bottling capacity of 909 TMTPA as on 1st April 2015 a thereby deficit of 156 TMTPA.
Demand is growing at 7% per annum. MOP&NG has mandated coverage of 75% population
with LPG connection by the year 2014-15 including LPG connection in rural markets under
RGGLV Scheme. The bottled LPG demand projections in the state of Tamil Nadu are
estimated to be 1396 TMTPA by the year 2019-20. Even after exhausting the available
possibilities of additional capacity generation of 60 TPTMA in the existing LPG Bottling
Plants in Tamil Nadu, the available LPG capacity would not be sufficient to meet the
increased demand of 1065 TMT during the year 2015-16. Therefore, there is a requirement of
setting up a new LPG Bottling Plant in the state of Tamil Nadu.
The proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility, by installation of 03 mounded bullets of
600 MT capacities each, 8 TLD bays, 2 x 24 Carousals and other online facilities at proposed
LPG bottling plant, will yield following benefits:
• Provide continuity of LPG gas cylinder supply to the consumers through distributors.
• By implementation of 3 x 600 Mounded Bullets, risk profile of the plant will not be
enhanced
• Discourage deforestation and reduce the use of fire wood & fossil fuels.
• Improve the quality of life of women engaged in household activities specially cooking.
9.2 DIRECT BENEFITS
• Presently, there are no IOCL bottling plant in down south of Madurai, i.e. in the districts
of Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari and Nagercoil. There is a backlog at times during
monsoon season and festival seasons. In order to overcome this problem, a bottling plant
is very much necessary to be established in Tirunelveli to cater to the customers in the
above districts so that there would not be a shortfall in supplies and customers will not be
affected on any account.
• Tirunelveli LPG Bottling Plant shall be feeding this essential commodity (domestic
LPG) not only to Tirunelveli District, but also other neighboring Districts of Tuticorin,
Nagercoil, Kanyakumari, Virudunagar in Tamil Nadu and Trivandrum, Kerala State.
• Improves the quality of life by overcoming the health implications arising due to the use
biomass fuel like wood, dung and crop residues.
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• The overhead costs incurred during LPG cylinder transport through roads (trucks) from
Madurai will be eliminated.
• There is an estimated saving of Rs. 14.48 Crores/annum to the nation towards logistic
cost.
9.3 IMPROVEMENT IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The proposed LPG bottling facility will create opportunities for direct and indirect
employment in the area. The proposed LPG bottling plant will initiate local economic growth
and thereby the potential to enhance quality of life of the local communities. Local
population may get benefited due to increased business activated after proposed LPG bottling
plant.
9.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
About 50 work forces of different categories on an average basis were engaged during
construction phase of the proposed LPG bottling plant. The project activities provided
employment to persons of different skills and trades. The local population was given
preference depending on availability to employment of different categories during
construction phase.
During operational phase, about 60 people will get direct and many more indirect
employment opportunity. Local people will get employment opportunity for security, house-
keeping, maintenance, etc at the plant and indirectly during proposed LPG bottling plant.
9.5 REDUCTION OF EMISSIONS
The proposed LPG bottling plant will be helpful in ensuring availability of LPG for domestic
and industrial establishments which will help in minimization of use fossil fuel (petrol, HSD,
furnace oil, etc), coal and wood. It will, therefore, help in maintaining cleaner environment
due to reduction in emissions. Use of LPG by domestic and industrial users will also help in
reduction in generation of green house gases responsible for global warming.
9.6 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS
The proposed LPG bottling plant shall create tangible benefits as described below:
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• No private land acquisition is required for construction of proposed LPG bottling plant.
The socio-economic impacts linked to the acquisition of land and structures will not
appear in the project.
• During operation phase of the project no significant impacts on environment are
anticipated.
• The proposed LPG bottling will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities
mainly during the operation phase. Local semi-skilled and unskilled labourers will get
direct employment in operation phase. This is a moderate positive impact of the proposed
project.
• The proposed LPG bottling plant will provide cleaner fuel, which will create healthy
environmental conditions in the region.
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CHAPTER 10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 INTRODUCTION
The objective of the environmental management plan (EMP) is to identify administrative
aspects for ensuring that mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness is
monitored. The EMP focuses on direct impacts, which are identified as having the potential to
cause significant impacts on the environment and identifies:
• Specific measures that will be taken to prevent, reduce or manage the adverse
environmental impacts during construction and operation; and
• Where it is not possible to specify these at this stage, the level of environmental
performance that will be expected during the operation.
Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) is committed to adopt best environmental

management practices during construction and operation phases of the proposed bulk LPG
storage and bottling plant. During construction of mounded bullets and various component of
LPG plant, necessary mitigation and environmental management measures were implemented.
IOCL will ensure that operation activities of the proposed bulk LPG storage and bottling plant
are undertaken as per the various regulatory requirements. There will be an Environment
Management Cell overseeing all environment responses to ensure that implementation of
mitigation measures and monitoring programme.
10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION

PHASE
The environmental impacts anticipated during construction phase of the proposed LPG
bottling plant were considerably insignificant. The impacts in the environmental during
construction phase were basically of temporary nature and disappeared on completion of the
construction phase. The following activities were completed during construction phase:
10.2.1 Site Preparation

The minor leveling of land for installation of proposed bullets and other associated facilities
was undertaken. For suppression of dust from excavated earth work, periodical sprinkling of
water was carried out during working period.
10.2.2 Sanitation
Adequate and suitable sanitary facilities were provided to maintain proper standard of hygiene
for construction workers during working at the site.
10.2.3 Construction Equipment & Wastes
The debris was generated during civil works. The generated wastes were used in leveling of
low lying areas within the plant area. During installation of mounded bullets & laying of
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pipes, some solid discarded materials were generated as solid wastes. These metal wastes were
sold through registered scrap dealers by the contractors. The gas cylinders used for welding
were returned back to the supplier. Cement bags, coal tar drums and other container used
during construction and discarded as wastes were auctioned through registered vendors as per
standard practices adopted by IOCL. Similarly the damaged tools were also disposed in the
above manner.
10.2.4 Storage of Hazardous Materials
The hazardous materials such as, lubricating oils, compressed gases (for welding), paints,
varnishes, etc. were stored at the site during construction phase. The quantity of used oil from
DG sets was approx. 100 lit. Since, used oil are hazardous in nature; they were stored
separately in barrels as per the prescribed / accepted safety norms handed over to authorized
recyclers by the contractors under the supervision of IOCL management at the site.
10.2.5 Hazardous Waste Disposal
The hazardous materials ware stored, handled & disposed off according to the guidelines
specified under Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement)
Rules dated 24th September 2008 by MoEF&CC and subsequent amendments. Some of the
precautions of storage and handling of the hazardous materials, followed during construction
phase are as given below:
• Diesel and other fuels were stored in separate earmarked area as per the said guidelines.
• Separate storage was created for waste paints and thinners, contaminated rags and brushes
to facilitate recycling and reuse or disposal as per Hazardous Waste Authorization of
TNPCB.
10.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATION PHASE

10.3.1 Air Environment
There will be no continuous source of air pollution from the operation of LPG bottling plant
during operation phase. The sources of air pollutants will be limited to the DG sets and diesel
engine driven fire water pumps which will be operated during emergency. These sources of
air pollution will be intermittent in nature and would emit mainly exhaust gases containing
NO 2 , SO 2 , and negligible quantity of particulate matters. The pollution control in DG sets
will be achieved by providing stack of appropriate height as per CPCB guidelines.
10.3.2 Fugitive Emission
The proposed bottling plant will receive LPG through bullet trucks, unloading and storage of
LPG in mounded bullets, filling in cylinders and dispatch of the same by truck/lorries to
consumers. The proposed LPG plant will be operated in a well proven leak proof system, thus
there will no source of emissions from the storage and bottling of LPG at the proposed bulk
LPG storage and bottling plant.
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10.3.3 Water Environment

10.3.3.1 Waste Water Generation
For normal operation of proposed LPG bottling plant, no process water will be required.
However, about 3 KLD of water will be required for domestic use and will be obtained from
SIPCOT water supply. It is expected that approx 2.4 KLD sewage will be generated from the
proposed LPG plant. For washing of cylinders, 1 KLD of water will be required and
tentatively 0.8 KLD waste water will be generated from cylinder washing.
10.3.3.2 Waste Water Treatment & Disposal
From the washing of cylinders, 0.8 KLD waste water will be generated and same will be
treated in settling tank followed by clarifier. Treated water from clarifier will be reused for
washing purpose. Sewage generated from kitchen and toilets will be treated in septic tanks.
10.3.3.3 Rain Water Harvesting
Three rain water harvesting pits have been constructed at LPG bottling plant. Rain water
harvesting system for proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility has been designed to
utilize the under-ground water system sustainably. Keeping in mind the depleting water table
in the region, storm water drains has been engineered in such a way that rain water can be
collected into two rain water harvesting tanks placed at strategic locations so that underground
water can be recharged.
Sizes of rain water harvesting tanks are 2.5 m in diameter with depth of 5 m and have been
filled with brick bats to collect the water in case of heavy rain. Since much of the plant area
including truck parking area has been covered with RCC roads and bitumen roads, Drains
have been maintained to collect the storm water & rain water and using the natural slope of
plant, waters will be collected to rain water harvesting tank. Size of rain water harvesting tank
is 2.5 m in diameter with depth of 5 m. Three recharge pits (2 on-site & 1 truck parking area)
have been set up at the site to harvest run-off water.
10.3.4 Noise Environment

10.3.4.1 Sources of Noise
The sources of noise at the proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facility are limited to the
pumps, compressors, DG Sets, fire water pumps and vehicle movement.
10.3.4.2 Control of Noise
The following measures will be practiced at the proposed LPG bottling plant for control and
abatement of noise & vibration:
• The foundations of DG sets and fire water pumps have been provided with anti-vibration
padding.
• The DG sets and fire water pumps are designed to produce noise within the permissible
limit and strict compliance of this will be ensured during procurement.
• The DG Sets have been provided with acoustic enclosures.
• Regular condition monitoring e.g. speed, vibration and regular preventive maintenance
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including schedule lubrication are being conducted for the moving machines to keep them
in good condition and also to reduce vibration.
• Trees grown in the green belt around the LPG Plant also facilitates attenuation of noise
level beyond the boundary walls.
10.3.5 Solid waste management

Environmental management with respect to solid waste management may be summarized as
under:
• Practically, no solid waste shall be generated from operation of proposed LPG bottling.
• Used oil, grease and empty drums shall be disposed of through TNPCB registered vendors
as per Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2008 and subsequent amendments.
10.3.6 Green Belt Development

At the proposed LPG bottling plant, 13.86 Acres green belt is being developed. Green belt is
being developed at 33% of total plot area. The list of plants and the number of samplings
planted are given in Table 10.1. Green belt being developed at the proposed LPG Bottling
plant is shown in Figure 10.1.
Table 10.1: Details on Greenbelt Plantation

S. No. List of tree saplings Nos.
1 Neem Tree 230
2 Flame of the forest 210
3 Cassia Fistula 535
4 Samaneasaman 100
5 Teak 105
6 Indian Almond 150
7 Pongamiapinnata 340
Total 1670
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Figure 10.1: Green Belt being developed at Proposed LPG Bottling Plant
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10.3.7 Safety and Fire Fighting

10.3.7.1 Safety
The main safety features associated with the proposed bulk LPG storage & bottling facilities
are as follows:
• The layout and fire fighting systems is as per OISD - 169 & OISD- 150.
• Boundary of 3.0 m height, brick masonry wall with 0.6 m height barbed wire fencing
have been provided in all directions.
• Approach roads of adequate width shall be provided as per OISD-169 and to avoid
congestion and to have safe exit in emergencies.
• All electrical fittings provided in licensed areas are flame proof and intrinsically safe
as per IS-2148.
• Cylinder filling area is completely open type and covered from top with colour coated
galvalume roof.
• Water drain from cylinder filling area is provided with vapour trap.
• Fixed Water Spray system has been installed for LPG handling area.
• Suitable storm water drains have been provided with vapour traps.
10.3.7.2 Fire Fighting Facilities
The fire fighting system in the proposed facilities consists of fire water storage, fire water
pumps and fire hydrant system. As IOCL is dealing with hydrocarbons that are volatile in
nature, safety of the plant becomes very important factor. The fire fighting facilities are of
state of the art and are fully automated which operate themselves in case of fire. The fire
water ring main is always kept in auto mode with pressurized water with the help of jockey
pumps which have auto start/stop facility. There are deluge valves which cover all the
vulnerable areas of the LPG plant. These valves operate automatically in case of fire and
water is sprayed in the concerned area for controlling the fire. Moreover 10 kg and 75 kg
DCP fire- extinguishers are placed as per OISD-144 norms to control fire at initial stages.
CO 2 fire extinguishers are also provided in power motor control centre and other buildings
in plant to put off fire in emergency situations. Fire Hydrant rings has been provided as per
OISD - 169.
The fire fighting detection and prevention system in the storage & handling area comprise
of the following:
• Three nos of 615 cum/hr diesel engine drive fire pumps and the system is kept
pressurized by electric motor driven jockey pump.
• Other fire pump house equipment like security air compressor for MVWS system, fire
alarm panel.
Hydrants and Monitors
• Medium velocity water spray system consisting of 19 zones have been provided in
filling shed,
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LD, LPG Pump House and Mounded Bullet

• Fire Detection and Alarm System
• Gas Detection System
• Manual call points and Emergency shutdown system
The plant is equipped with fire fighting facilities as per OISD 144. Fire water storage
consists of MS fixed cone roof fire water storage tank of 3 x 2500 kl, capacity.
10.3.7.3 Safety Organization
The Fire and Safety Department will be under the control of trained and responsible officer.
All the officers and staff of the proposed LPG bottling plant will be trained for combating fire
and use of safety equipment.
10.3.7.4 Security
The following security arrangement will be provided within proposed LPG Bottling Plant
• The facilities are guarded round the clock by efficient security personnel. They prevent
any unauthorized entry inside the plant.
• 3.0 m high boundary wall with 0.6m barbed wire fencing has been provided around the
installation to resist any unauthorized entry.
10.3.7.5 Safety & Environmental Audit
In view of the high hazard potential of LPG, extreme cares will be taken to maintain the safety
needs of the LPG installation. Safety audits will be carried out regularly by a multi-
disciplinary team. The safety audit will include operating procedures, housekeeping, provision
of fire fighting and safety gadgets, mock drills etc.
10.3.7.6 Occupational Safety and Health
Safety Department in the proposed LPG plant will be looked after the occupational safety
aspects of the workers. IOCL will follow OISD-166 to maintain occupational health and
safety of the employees and workers. Workers will be well informed about the preventive
measures and safe operating practices to be followed for various types of job. Training
courses will be organized for the workmen and the officers before they are put on the job.
Contractor's labourers will also be trained and educated to ensure safe operating practices for
the jobs.
10.3.7.7 Tool & Tackles
In LPG installation, it is customary to use non-sparking type tools (spanners, wrenches etc).
Electrical hand tools like torches; lamp etc. to be used in the hazardous area should be flame
proof type. All tools should be of approved quality and make and will be purchased with test
certificates.
10.3.7.8 Preventive Maintenance & Planned Inspection
To facilitate inspection and maintenance service in planned manner, a schedule will be made
for jobs to be done daily, weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, half yearly and yearly. The record of
the jobs done will be kept properly. The inspection & maintenance schedule will be done as
per the directive & procedure lay down by OISD as well as instructions of suppliers and
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OEM. The planned inspection will also include statutory inspection of pressure vessels,
storage tanks, safety valves, etc.
10.3.8 Safety, Health & Environmental Policy of IOCL

IOCL is committed to conduct business with strong environment conscience ensuring
sustainable development, safe workplaces and enrichment of quality of life of employees,
customers and the community. IOCL believes that good SH&E performance is an integral part
of efficient and profitable business management. Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of
IOCL is shown in Figure 10.2.
Figure 10.2 Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL
Accordingly, the IOCL's endeavor is to:

• Establish and maintain good standards for safety of the people, the processes and the
assets.
• Comply with all rules and regulations on Safety, Occupational Health and Protection.
• Plan, design, operate and maintain all facilities, processes and procedures to secure
sustained Safety, Health and Environmental Protection.
• Remain trained, equipped and ready for effective and prompt response to accidents
and emergencies.
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• Welcome audit of our SH & E conduct by external body, so that stakeholder

confidence is safeguarded.
• Adopt and promote industry best practices to avert accidents and improve our S,H&E
performance.
• Remain committed to be a leader in Safety, Occupational Health and Environmental
Protection through continuing improvement.
• Make efforts to preserve ecological balance and heritage.
10.4 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

It is necessary to have a permanent organizational set-up charged with the task of ensuring
effective implementation of all identified mitigation measures. Conscious of this, IOCL will
create Environmental Management Cell to coordinate the activities concerned with the
management and implementation of the environmental mitigation measures during operation
phases of the proposed LPG Bottling plant. IOCL will also develop a well-documented system
for pollution monitoring and control.
The IOCL will be responsible for the implementation of mitigation measures during operation
phases of the proposed LPG bottling plant. Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be
headed by Territorial Manager supported by adequate number of personnel having sufficient
educational and professional qualification and experience to discharge responsibilities related
to environmental management including statutory compliance, pollution prevention,
environmental monitoring, preventive maintenance of pollution control equipment and green
belt development as well as maintenance. Environment Management Cell (EMC) will look
after the environment related matters during the operation phase of the LPG bottling plant.
EMC will perform the following assignments:
• Periodic monitoring of GMS and report any abnormalities for immediate corrective
measures.
• Periodic monitoring of ambient air quality, ground and surface water quality.
• Periodic noise monitoring of the building zone and surrounding area.
• Regular monitoring of storm water drains.
• Green belt plantation, maintenance, development of other forms of greenery.
• Regular monitoring of garbage wastes.
• Development & maintenance of schemes for water conservation.
The Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will take the overall responsibility for co-
ordination of the actions required for environmental management and mitigation, and for
monitoring the progress of the proposed management plan and actions to be taken.
The organization set-up of the Environmental Management Cell (EMC) is presented in Figure
10.3.
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Territorial Manager
Manager (Utility) Manger (HSE)
Technician Technician Technician Technician
Figure 10.3: Environmental Management Cell
10.5 REPORTING AND MONITORING SYSTEM
Proper reporting of implementation of mitigation measures plays important role in effective

environmental management. The reporting system will provide the necessary feedback for
project management to ensure proper quality of the work and that the environmental
management programmes are on schedule. The rationale for a reporting system is based on
accountability to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed as part of the Environmental
Management Plan gets implemented during construction and operation phases of the LPG
bottling plant.
The reporting system will operate linearly with the person who is at the lowest level of the
implementation system to the project management and shall report to Territorial Manager of
IOCL.
For the project all reporting to the Territorial Manager of IOCL will be on weekly basis. The
IOCL’s Environmental Management Cell will be responsible for preparing targets for each of
the identified mitigation measures.
The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental components may be
clubbed together and submitted to the Territorial Manager to IOCL weekly during each phase
of implementation period. At the end of implementation, weekly progress report on
environmental issues may be discontinued.
During the operation period, a compliance report may include description of the items of
mitigation measures, which were not complied by any of the responsible agencies. It would
also report the management actions taken to enforce compliance. It may however, be noted
that certain items of the EMP might not be possible to be compiled at the field level due to a
variety of reasons. The intention of the compliance report is not to suppress these issues but to
bring out the circumstances and reasons for which compliance was not possible. This would
help in rationalizing the implementation of the mitigation measures during the remaining
duration of implementation. Solutions for further effective implementation would also come
out as a result of the compliance monitoring reports.
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Photographic records will also be established to provide useful environmental monitoring

tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal contract monitoring.
10.6 BUDGETS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP AND MONITORING PLAN

The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan to
mitigate the potential adverse environmental impacts during operation phase are suggested in
Table 10.2.
Table 10.2 Budget for Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Plan

S. Description (Cost in Lakh Rupees)
No. Capital Cost Recurring Cost Per Annum
1. Gardening / Horticulture 40 4.8
2. Rain Water Harvesting 15 0.5
3. Septic Tank / Soak Pits 7.5 0.8
4. Gas Monitoring System 46 2.0
5. Signage’s for EMP 5.5 0.5
6. Monitoring of Air and Noise 15 1.5
Pollution (Acoustic Enclosure)
7. Water Management–Cylinder 14 0.5
Washing Unit and in line bath
Total 143 10.6
10.7 Corporate Social Responsibility

The following Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities will be taken-up by proposed
LPG Bottling plant in the area:
Timeframe Activity
(Year)
2015-16 Construction of Toilet Facility for Government Girls High School,
Gangaikondan village at a Cost of Rs 7.5 Lakhs
2015-16 School students sitting benches and desks for Gangaikondan village at a
cost of Rs. 7.0 Lakhs
2016-17 Construction of bore well and pipeline facility Chirancherry village at
cost of Rs. 9.5 Lakhs
2016-17 Provision of RO Plant at Uraiyur village of Rs 9.5 Lakhs
2017-18 Renovation of Toilet Facility for Government High School,
Chirancherry village at a cost of Rs 8.0 Lakhs
Total 42 Lakhs (0.5% of the project cost)
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CHAPTER 11
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT
This chapter describes about the environmental consultant engaged in preparation of EIA report
for LPG Bulk Storage & Bottling Facility at SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan
village, Tirunelveli Taluk& District, Tamil Nadu by IOCL.
11.1 INTRODUCTION
ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited (formerly ABC Environ Solutions Pvt. Ltd.) isan ISO
9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001 Certified Company & leading Environmental Engineering &
Consultancy Company constantly striving towards newer heights since its inception in 2006. Our
Company is dedicated to provide strategic services in the areas Environment, Infrastructure,
Energy, Engineering and Multilab.
It is the first firm to be accredited by NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education and
Training), Quality Council of India, as an EIA Consultant, approved for carrying out EIA
studies and obtaining environmental clearance for various sectors such as Thermal Power Plants,
Infrastructure, Industrial Estates / Complexes/ Areas, Mining, Township & area development and
Building construction projects etc. ABC Techno Labs is equipped with in-house, spacious
laboratory, accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration
Laboratories), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India.
Since establishment ABC Techno Labs focus on sustainable development of Industry and
Environment based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and most
important is satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed more than
100 projects of variety of industries, in the field of pollution control and environmental
management solutions. The company is also dealing in the projects of waste minimization
and cleaner production technology.
The team of technocrats and scientist are well experienced to deal with the design, Manufacture,
Fabrication, Installation, commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater treatment plants, Sewage
Treatment plants, Combined Treatment plants.
The company is having well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who are looking after
environmental projects & well equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including analysis of
physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution
Control Board and our clients.
184
11.2 Services of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited
11.2.1 Environmental Services
• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
• Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
• Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
• Environmental Baseline data collection for Air, Meteorology, Noise, Water, Soil,
Ecology, Socio-Economic and Demography etc;
• Environmental Monitoring
• Socio Economic Studies
• Resettlement & Rehabilitation Plan
• Ecological & Human Health Risk Assessment Studies
• Ecological Impact Assessment
• Environmental Management Framework
• Solid Waste Management
• Hazardous Waste Management
• Internship & Training
11.2.2 Turnkey projects
• Water Treatment Plants
• Sewage Treatment Plant
• Recycling & Water Conservation Systems
• Zero Discharge System
11.2.3 Other services
• Operation & Maintenance of Water & Waste Water Plants
• Water & Waste Water Treatment Chemicals
• Pilot Plant studies
• Feasibility studies & preparation of budgetary estimates
11.2.4 Laboratory services
• Chemical Testing
• Environmental Testing
• Microbiological Testing
• Food Testing
• Metallurgical Testing
185
11.3 Sectors Accredited by NABET
S. Sectors Name
No.
1. Mining of minerals (Opencast only) Mining (Open cast and Underground)
2. Irrigation projects only
3. Thermal Power Plant
4. Metallurgical industries (sec. ferrous only)
5. Cement Plants
6. Petroleum refining industry
7. Leather/skin/hide processing industry
8. Chemical Fertilizers
9. Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and
intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic
chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates)
10. Distilleries
11. 24 Pulp & paper industry excluding manufacturing of paper from wastepaper
and manufacture of paper from ready pulp without bleaching
12. Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals (As per threshold planning
quantity indicated in column 3 of Schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989
amended 2000)
13. Airports
14. Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/ Areas, export processing zones(EPZs),
Special economic zones (SEZs), Biotech parks, Leather complexes
15. Ports, harbours, jetties, marine terminals, break waters and dredging
16. Highways, Railways, transport terminals, mass rapid transport systems
17. Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs)
18. Common municipal solid waste management facility (CMSWMF)
19. 38 Building and large construction projects including shopping malls,
multiplexes, commercial complexes, housing estates, hospitals, institutions
20. Townships and Area development Projects
11.4 Study Team

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited has carried out this Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) study. The multidisciplinary team included expertise in Environmental Impact
Assessment, Air & Water pollution & Control measures, Noise Control measures, Ecology &
186
bio-diversity, Land use, Geology, Environmental Chemistry and Socio-Economic planner. The
team members involved in EIA study area:
S. No. Name Role

1. Mr. V.K.Gautam EIA coordinator Isolated Storage &
Handling of Hazardous Chemicals & FAE –
Meteorology, Air Quality Modelling &
Prediction
2. Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan Functional Area Expert – Land use, Water
Pollution, Prevention & Control and
Hydrogeology
3. Mr.Bipin Prakash Chari AFAE-Water Pollution
Project Engineer
(Report Analysis and Documentation)
4. Dr.Muthiah Mariappan FAE – Solid Waste Management
5. Mr. Mohammed Assain AFAE- Air Pollution, Solid and Hazardous
Waste
Junior Project Engineer
6. Dr. N. Sukumaran FAE – Ecology & Biodiversity
7. Dr.Thillai Govindarajan FAE – Geology
8. Mr. M. Senthil Kumar FAE – Risk Assessment & Hazard
management
9. Mr. R. Rajendran FAE – Air Pollution, Prevention and
Control and Noise & Vibration
10. Mrs.Geetha Shreeneevasakam FAE – Socio-Economic Expert
11. Mrs. K. Vijayalakshmi Manager - Environment
12. Mr. Bharat P. Junior Project Engineer– Report Analysis
and Documentation
13. Ms. R. Akshaya Junior Project Engineer– Report Analysis
and Documentation
14. Mr. G. Vineeth Pethu Junior Project Engineer – Report Analysis
and Documentation
15. Mr. Mukund Ramesh Junior Project Engineer– Report Analysis
and Documentation
16. Mr. Robson Chinnadurai Senior Chemist
17. Mr. M. Muruganantham Junior Chemist
18. Mr. Sathish Field Technician
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Annexures
Annexure I
No.J-11011/129/2015-IA-II(I)
Goverment of India
Minister of Enviroment,Forest and Climate Change
Impact Assessment Division
***
Indira Paryavaran Bhavan,

Vayu Wing,3rd Floor,Aliganj,
Jor Bagh Road,New Delhi-110003
19 Aug 2015
To,
M/s INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED (IOCL)

No.126, Uthamar Gandhi Rd, Nungambakkam 600034,
Chennai-600034
Tamil Nadu
Tel.No.011-26260000; Email:iocltvlec2015@gmail.com
Sir/Madam,
This has reference to the proposal submitted in the Ministry of Environment, Forest
and Climate Change to prescribe the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA
study for the purpose of obtaining Environmental Clearance in accordance with the provisions of
the EIA Notification, 2006. For this purpose, the proponent had submitted online information in the
prescribed format (Form-1 ) along with a Pre-feasibility Report. The details of the proposal are
given below:
1. Proposal No.: IA/TN/IND2/27710/2015
2. Name of the Proposal: Proposed LPG Bottling Facility
3. Category of the Proposal: Industrial Projects - 2
4. Project/Activity applied for: 6(b)Isolated storage & handling of hazardous

chemicals (As per threshold planning
5. Date of submission for TOR: 02 Jun 2015
In this regard, under the provisions of the EIA Notification 2006 as amended, the Standard TOR
for the purpose of preparing environment impact assessment report and environment
management plan for obtaining prior environment clearance is prescribed with public consultation
as follows:
STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR
PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
6(b): STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR ISOLATED
STORAGE & HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS (AS PER
THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY INDICATED IN COLUMN 3
OF SCHEDULE 2 & 3 OF MSIHC RULES 1989 AMENDED 2000)
INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN EIA/EMP REPORT
A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE

1) Executive Summary
2) Introduction
i. Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET accreditation

ii. Information about the project proponent
iii. Importance and benefits of the project
3) Project Description
i. Cost of project and time of completion.
ii. Products with capacities for the proposed project.
iii. If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land
is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any.
iv. List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation.
v. Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities
vi. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management.
vii. Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram,
man-power requirement (regular and contract)
viii. Process description along with major equipments and machineries, process flow sheet
(quantative) from raw material to products to be provided
ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems.
x. Expansion/modernization proposals:
a. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for
the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the
latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests
as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated
in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In
addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing Iexisting operation
of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report.
STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/
ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
b. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not
taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification
2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and
Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and
CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance
report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.
4) Site Details
i. Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification
for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered.
ii. A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale
on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places)
iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site
iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site.
v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site.
vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant
area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout
of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate.
vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show
photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular.
viii. Landuse break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/
private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not
required for industrial area)
ix. A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10km radius) shall be
incorporated. Land use details of the study area
x. Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area shall be included.
xi. Details of Drainage of the project upto 5km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km
radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence
frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the
project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field
projects)
xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process
and expected time of complete possession of the land.
xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy
5) Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable):
i. Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and
recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable)
ii. Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating
the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha)
iii. Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest
status shall be submitted.
iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves,
Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly
authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location
and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon.
v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State
Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area.
vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the
Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife.
6) Environmental Status
i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific micro-
meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction
and rainfall.
ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other
parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based
CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone
and sensitive receptors including reserved forests.
iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency given in the
NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along with - min., max., average and 98% values for
each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure
to the EIA Report.
iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (100m upstream and downstream of discharge point)
and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.
v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if
yes give details.
vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be included.
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area.
viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines.
ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials,
additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc.
x. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study area
shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-
I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and
furnished.
xi. Socio-economic status of the study area.
7) Impact and Environment Management Plan

i. Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on
site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the
AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for
determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources
of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of
the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality
contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation
nearby, sensitive receptors, if any.
ii. Water Quality modelling - in case of discharge in water body
iii. Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment
shall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and
finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyor-
cum-rail transport shall be examined.
iv. A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused
for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics
of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P)
Rules.
v. Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions to meet standards.
vi. Measures for fugitive emission control
vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies
of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be
included. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover
techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation.
viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed
plan of action shall be provided.
ix. Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than
1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall
be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening
of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated.
x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest
rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to
use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water
requirement from other sources.
xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures
shall be included.
xii. Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be submitted.

xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management
Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be
linked with District Disaster Management Plan.
8) Occupational health
i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract and casual
workers
ii. Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers' health is being
evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far
& Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and
periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed
data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department
wise.
iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards
and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL,
what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers
can be preserved,
iv. Annual report of heath status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and
Safety.
9) Corporate Environment Policy
i. Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of
Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.
ii. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring
into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms /
conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.
iii. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the
environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance
conditions? Details of this system may be given.
iv. Does the company have system of reporting of non compliances / violations of environmental
norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at
large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report
10) Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the
labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during
operation phase.
11) Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)
i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise
Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time
bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be
elaborated upon.
12) Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law
against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice
under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water
Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case.
13) 'A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TOR.
B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR EIASTUDIES FOR ISOLATED

STORAGE & HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS (AS PER
THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY INDICATED IN COLUMN 3 OF
SCHEDULE 2 & 3 OF MSIHC RULES 1989 AMENDED 2000)
1. Details on list of hazardous chemicals to be stored alongwith storage quantities at the facility, their
category (as per MSIHC Rules), MSDS.
2. Mode of receiving hazardous chemicals in isolated storages and mode of their dispatch.
3. Layout plan of the storage tanks and other associated facilities.
4. Details on types and specifications of the storage facilities including tanks, pumps, piping, valves,
flanges, pumps,monitoring equipments, systems for emissions control safety controls including
relief systems.
5. Arrangements to control loss/leakage of chemicals and management system in case of leakage.
6. Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan
? Identification of hazards
? Consequence Analysis
? Details of domino effect of the storage tanks and respective preventive measures including distance
between storage units in an isolated storage facility.
? Onsite and offsite emergency preparedness plan.
***
FINAL MINUTES FOR 44th RECONSTITUTED EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE
(INDUSTRY-2) MEETING HELD DURING 20-21st July, 2015
VENUE: Brahmaputra Hall, Vayu Wing Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate
Change, Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Aliganj, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi -110003.
Time : Meeting to be held at 10: 00 AM
44.1 Opening Remarks of the Chairman
Time : 10: 00 - 10: 30 AM
44.2 Confirmation of the Minutes of the 42nd Reconstituted Expert Appraisal

Committee (Industry-2) held during 16-17th June, 2015.
20th July, 2015 (Day 1)
1st Session: Time: 10.30 AM
44.3 Environmental Clearance
44.3.1 Setting up of Resin Manufacturing Unit (130 TPM) at Plot no. 19, Sy. No. 52/P,
Village Hadamtala, Taluka Kotda Sangani, District Rajkot, Gujarat by M/s Shri
Sai Nath Décor Ltd. – EC reg
The project proponent and their consultant (M/s Nisarg Enviro Consultants, Stay
order no. C/SCA/12466/2013 dated 07/08/2013) gave a detailed presentation on salient
features of the project and proposed environmental protection measures to be undertaken
as per Draft Terms of References (TORs) awarded in the 14th Meeting of the Expert
Appraisal Committee (Industry) held during 19th to 20th December, 2013 for preparation of
EIA-EMP report. All the synthetic organic chemicals (Resin Manufacturing) located outside
the notified industrial area are listed at S.N. 5(f) under Category ‘A’ and appraised at the
Central level.
M/s Shri Sai Nath Décor L.L.P has proposed for setting up of resin manufacturing
unit at Plot no. 19, Sy. No. 52/P, Village Hadamtala, Taluka KotdaSangani, District Rajkot,
Gujarat. Total plot area is 1465 m2, of which greenbelt will be developed in 198 m2.It is
reported that no eco-sensitive area/ reserved forest/ wild life sanctuary is located within 10
km distance from the project site. The cost of project is Rs. 5.0 crore in which Rs. 15.4 Lakh
and Rs. 0.95 Lakh are earmarked as capital cost and recurring cost per annum for
implementation EMP respectively. Following products will be manufactured:
S.N. Product Production Capacity (TPM)

1 Phenol Formaldehyde 90
2 Melamine Formaldehyde 40
Additionally, the PP informed the Committee that ambient air quality monitoring was carried
out at 6 locations during May, 2014 & November, 2014 and submitted baseline data which
indicates that ranges of concentrations of PM10 (39 µg/m3 to 74 µg/m3), PM2.5 (18 µg/m3 to
42 µg/m3), SO2 (4 µg/m3 to 19ug/m3), NOx (6 µg/m3 to 22 µg/m3) and CO (648-1020 ug/m3)
respectively. AAQ modeling study for point source emissions indicates that the maximum
incremental GLCs after the proposed project would be 4.6 µg/m3, 8 µg/m3 and 2.9 µg/m3
with respect to PM, SO2 and NOx. The resultant concentrations are within the NAAQS.
1
2. Exploratory drilling of 67 wells of M/s Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd., (ONGCL) in
23 Blocks of Western Onshore Basin, Baroda, Gujarat. File No. J-11011/431/2011-IA II (I)
dtd 25th June, 2014.
3. Exploratory drilling of 182 wells in 33 blocks in Western Onshore Basin, Baroda,

Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Mehsana, Anand and Kheda Districts of Gujarat. File No. J-
11011/102/2012-IA II (I) dtd. 22nd August, 2013.
Public hearings were conducted in all the above blocks prior to obtaining of above ECs.
KG Basin :
4. Exploratory drilling of 25 wells in PEL Blocks 1A and 1B. File No, J-11011/68/2011-IA II
(I) dtd. 14th June, 2013.
Public hearing was exempted for the above EC, as the public hearing were conducted in
2011 in the same areas of KG Basin ( three districts East Godavari, West Godavari and
Krishna in AP) covering all the above blocks
Cauvery Basin:
5. Exploratory drilling in PEL Blocks in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu File No, J-

11011/178/2008-IA II (I) dtd. 28th April, 2008.Public hearing was exempted as per para 7 (ii)
of EIA notification.
PP informed that realizing the importance of shale gas and also shale oil for meeting
the energy demands of the country and the need to expedite exploration and assessment of
Indian shales, Government of India announced policy guidelines on 14th, October, 2013
allowing national oil companies, ONGC and OIL to take up shale gas and oil exploration
activities in their nomination blocks. ONGC was mandated to identify a minimum of 50
nomination blocks where it will take up shale gas and oil exploration in Phase-I.
Accordingly, ONGC identified 50 blocks (28 in Cambay, 10 in KG onland, 9 in

Cauvery and 3 in A&AA basins) for shale gas/ oil exploration. It is important at this point to
mention that an assessment well for shale gas/ oil is not different from a typical conventional
exploratory well in the sense that initial shale gas wells are primarily vertical like any other
conventional exploratory well. In terms of the target depth, casing policy, water consumption,
drilling, testing and completion plan, these two wells are nearly identical.
M/s ONGC informed that the proposed shale gas/ oil assessment wells are no
different from conventional exploratory wells for which environmental clearances have
already been granted by MoE&F.
After detailed deliberations, the Committee noted that there is no difference in drilling
of Oil and Gas and shale gas exploration activities. Therefore, the Committee recommended
the aforesaid proposal for amendment in the existing 5 above mentioned ECs by replacing
the word “Exploratory drilling” from “Exploratory drilling for oil & Gas/Shale Gas”.
44.8.7 Proposed Bulk LPG Storage & Bottling Facility at B37/pt to B43/pt, B50/pt,
B51/pt, C30 to 41 etc, SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan Village,
Tirunelveli Taluka & District Tamil Nadu by M/s Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. –
TOR reg.
78
The project authorities gave a detailed presentation on the salient features of the
project and proposed environmental protection measures to be undertaken along with the
draft Term of References for the preparation of EIA-EMP. All the Isolated Storage &
Handling of hazardous chemicals (as per threshold planning quantity indicated in column 3
of schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended 2000) activities is listed at 6(b) of the
Schedule of EIA Notification, 2006 under category ‘B’ and appraised at State level. Due to
absence of SEIAA, Tamil Nadu, proposal is appraised at Central Level.
M/s Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. has proposed for setting up of Bulk LPG Storage
(1800 MT)& LPG throughput of 1,20,000 MTPA through 2 LPG Filling Carousels at B37/pt to
B43/pt, B50/pt, B51/pt, C30 to 41 etc, SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre, Gangaikondan
Village, Tirunelveli Taluka & District Tamil Nadu. PP informed that Consent to Establish
under water and Air Acts was obtained from TNPCB vide consent order No. 6045 & 5985
dated 18.09.2012. Consent to operate under water Act and Air Act was obtained from
TNPCB vide Consent Order No. 23108 & 19145 dated 07.04.2015 and valid
upto31.03.2016. Final license from PESO, Nagpur is obtained for bulk LPG and filling LPG
vide approval S/HO/TN/03/1034 (S51373) dated 12.05.2015. Now, PP wants to obtain post
facto Environmental clearance for the aforesaid project. Total plot area is 42 acres of which
greenbelt will be developed in 13.86 acres. Cost of project is Rs. 78.58 Crores. It is reported
that no national parks/ wildlife sanctuaries are located within 10 km distance. Water bodies
/Reservoir namelyTamirabaranai River (5.9 Km), GangaikondanKulam (3.8 Km), Indira
Kulam (7 Km) are located within 10 km distance. Reserved Forests namely, Gangaikondan
RF (91 m), Talaiyuthu RF (919 m) and Melpattam RF (6.6 Km) are located within 10 km
distance. Following is the plant configuration:
S.N. Storage Quantity

1 Mounded Bullets for LPG Storage 3x600 MT
2 LPG throughput 1,20,000 MTPA
Power consumption will be 450kVA through TANGEDCO. DG sets ( 1 x 750 KVA + 1

x 250 kVA) will be installed. Water requirement from SIPCOT water supply will be 4 m3/day.
Domestic effluent generation will be 2.4 m3/day. Wastewater from process/cylinder washing
will be 0.8 m3/day.
After detailed deliberations, the Expert Appraisal Committee prescribed the following
Specific and Additional TOR in addition to Generic TOR provided at Annexure-I for
preparation of EIA/EMP:
A. Specific TOR
1. Details on list of hazardous chemicals to be stored alongwith storage quantities

at the facility, their category (as per MSIHC Rules), MSDS.
2. Mode of receiving hazardous chemicals in isolated storages and mode of their
dispatch.
3. Layout plan of the storage tanks and other associated facilities.
4. Details on types and specifications of the storage facilities including tanks,
pumps, piping, valves, flanges, pumps,monitoring equipments, systems for
emissions control safety controls including relief systems.
5. Arrangements to control loss/leakage of chemicals and management system in
case of leakage.
6. Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan
79
− Identification of hazards
− Consequence Analysis
− Details of domino effect of the storage tanks and respective preventive measures
including distance between storage units in an isolated storage facility.
− Onsite and offsite emergency preparedness plan.
B. Additional TOR
Public hearing is exempted as per para 7(i) III Stage (3)(i)(b) of EIA Notification, 2006
for preparation of EIA/EMP Report, being site is located in the Notified industrial
area. Copy of notification of industrial area to be submitted.
It was recommended that ‘TORs’ along without Public Hearing

prescribed by the Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry) should be
considered for preparation of EIA / EMP report for the above mentioned project in addition to
all the relevant information as per the ‘Generic Structure of EIA’ given in Appendix III and IIIA
in the EIA Notification, 2006.
44.8.8 Expansion of Chemical Manufacturing Unit at Survey No.114/115 P, Village:

JAHAJ-388580, Dharmaj - Khambhat Road, Ta: Khambhat, Dist:Anand (Gujarat)
by M/s. Nisol Manufacturing Company Private Limited -reg TOR
Proposal was considered in the 40th EAC meeting held during 18th -19th May, 2015
and the Committee exempted the proposal from EC process. File was processed and
Authority again referred the proposal to the Committee for review their decision.
After detailed deliberation the Committee reiterate the earlier decision for exempting
the proposal from EC process as no synthesis is involved in the manufacturing process.
44.8.9 Proposed Nicotine Sulphate plant at Survey No.210, Opp.The H.M.Patel Eng.
Medium School, Village: Vadadla, Tahsil Petlad, District Anand , Gujarat by
M/s. Nisol Manufacturing Company Private Limited (Unit-II). Reg TOR
Proposal was considered in the 38th EAC meeting held during 20th – 21st April, 2015
and the Committee exempted the proposal from EC process. File was processed and
Authority again referred the proposal to the Committee for review their decision.
After detailed deliberation the Committee reiterate the earlier decision for exempting
the proposal from EC process as no synthesis is involved in the manufacturing process.
44.8.10 Additional Exploratory Drilling of Twenty Nine (29) Wells in additional Ten
(10) ML Blocks of Western Onshore Basin District Mehsana- Patan, Gujarat
by M/s ONGC Ltd.- EC.
Proposal was considered in the 40th EAC meeting held during 18th -19th May, 2015
and the Committee recommended the project proposal for drilling of additional 29
exploratory wells by amending the existing environmental clearance letter no J-
11011/125/2011-IA II (I) dated 18th September, 2014. File was processed for approval and
Authority referred the project proposal to the EAC with suggestion that it should be dealt as
per the provisions of the EIA Notification for expansion or modernization.
The Committee noted that already environmental clearance was issued in the said blocks
and public hearing was conducted on 12.02.2013. The Committee exempted the proposal
80
Annexure II
Annexure III
Annexure IV
Annexure V
Annexure VI
Annexure VIII
Annexure IX
SOIL PROFILE
11/9/2015 Gmail Email Alert From System Administrator of Online Submission and Monitoring of Wildlife Clearances Proposal(OSMWCP) portal
Annexure X
IOCL Tirunelveli <iocltvlec2015@gmail.com>
Email Alert From System Administrator of Online Submission and Monitoring
of Wildlife Clearances Proposal(OSMWCP) portal
monitoringfc@nic.in <monitoringfc@nic.in> Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 6:19 PM
To: iocltvlec2015@gmail.com
Cc: monitoringfc@nic.in
This is to acknowledge that a proposal seeking prior approval of Central Government
under the Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 as per the details given below has been
successfully uploaded on the portal of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and
Climate Change Government of India.
1. Proposal No. : FP/TN/IND/226/2015
2. Proposal Name : Indane Bottling Plant
3. Category of the Proposal : Industry
4. Date of Submission : 13/10/2015
5. Name of the Applicant with Contact Details
Name : Sabyasachi
Mobile No. : 9444803907
State : Manipur
District : Chennai
Pincode : 600034
6. Protected Area (ha.) : 0
The proposal will be examined by Wild Life Warden, Forest (Conservation) Act,
1980 to assess its completeness.
(System Administrator)
*** This is a system generated email, please do not reply. ***
https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=6b5fa80af8&view=pt&search=inbox&msg=15061403901fcaae&siml=15061403901fcaae 1/1
Current Status of NBWL Clearance Application

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INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED

“INDANE BOTTLING PLANT”

A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE

1 Executive summary Executive summary of the project is given in

2 Introduction Introduction to the project is given in Section

i. Details of the EIA Consultant Details of EIA Consultant’s Accreditation are

iii. If expansion project, details of Not Applicable. This is a new project.

whether adequate land is available for

v. Other chemicals and materials No other chemicals and materials will be

vi. Details of emission, effluents, Details of emission, effluents, hazardous waste

x. Expansion/modernization proposals: Not Applicable. This is a new project.

The Coordinates (Latitude and Longitude) are

v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the Google map-Earth is given in Figure 1.1(Page

x. Geological features and Geo- Geological features and Geo-hydrological status

xiii. R&R details in respect of land in Not applicable

proposed site delineating the forestland

iv. The projects to be located within 10 NBWL clearance is under process.

v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly Not applicable

vi. Copy of application submitted for NBWL clearance is under process.

i. Determination of atmospheric Details of site-specific, micrometeorological

Details of noise measurement are given in

Details of soil characteristic are given in Section

7 Impact and Environment Management Plan

the input data used for modelling shall

iv. A note on treatment of wastewater Washing water generated from cylinder

conserve fresh water and reduce the

parameters as per age, sex, duration of

9 Corporate Environment Policy

Details of this system may be given.

11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or

13 A tabular chart with index for point wise Complied

B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE

4 Details on types and specifications of Details on specifications of the storage facilities

5 Arrangements to control loss/leakage of Please refer Section 2.13 of Chapter 2. At

continuous alarm at 60% LEL so that the

6 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

- Identification of hazards Details of the same are given in Chapter 7 (Page

- Consequence Analysis Details of the same are given in Chapter 7 (Page

Need For The Project And Its Importance

The environmental settings of the project site are as given below:

S. No. Particulars Details

S. No. Particulars Details

• Bullet Truck unloading through 8 Decanting Bays.

• Bulk LPG transfer from 8 bays to LPG storage bullets.

• Empty cylinders will be received from Indane distributors

• Defective and unfit cylinders will be segregated for rectification/repairs.

• Only sound empty cylinders will be taken for filling.

• Bottling of LPG in 5, 14.2, 19 and 47.5 kg capacity LPG cylinders.

• Sound filled cylinders will be loaded into trucks for distributors

• Filled cylinders will be stored in Explosive Licensed LPG godowns.

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

METEOROLOGY - The maximum and minimum temperature recorded during the

ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT - There are no endemic and endangered species of

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT - As per 2011 census the study area consists

III. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

V. BENEFITS OF PROPOSED PROJECT

VI. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

WATER ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

NOISE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT