Heat Increase Caused by Exothermic H20/H2SO4 Reaction with 30% Sulfuric

4.50

4.00

3.50

3.00
Temperature Increase (C)

2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
0 5 10 15 20

Sulfuric Acid Weight% in Final Solution

4 Reaction with 30% Sulfuric Acid

5 20 25 30

in Final Solution
 Heat Increase Caused by Exothermic H20/H2SO4 Reaction with 98% Sulfuric

180.00

160.00

140.00

120.00
Temperature Increase (C)

100.00

80.00

60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Sulfuric Acid Weight% in Final Solution

4 Reaction with 98% Sulfuric Acid

0 60 70 80 90 100

in Final Solution
Total Solution Volume in Liters 1
Starting with 98% Sulfuric: Starting with 30% H2SO4
Specific heat of
Specific Heat of
kJ/mol cal/gram Solution
% H2O % by Wt H2SO4 Density total wt H2SO4 wt H2O wt mol H2SO4 mol H2O mol %H2SO4 mol % H2O mol H2O/mol H2SO4 kJ/mol H2SO4 kJ/gram solution cal/gram solution Solution (cal/gram Delta T kJ/gram sol Delta T
H2SO4 sol (Cal/gram
solution deg C)
Solution degC)
99 1 1.008255 1008.255 10.08255 998.17245 0.102883163 55.454025 0.19% 99.81% 539.00 103.02 0.01 2.51 1.00 2.52 41.65 0.0042503361 1.02 1.00 1.02
98 2 1.01651 1016.51 20.3302 996.1798 0.20745102 55.343322222 0.37% 99.63% 266.78 95.21 0.02 4.64 0.99 4.70 33.84 0.006905474 1.65 0.99 1.67
96 4 1.03302 1033.02 41.3208 991.6992 0.421640816 55.0944 0.76% 99.24% 130.67 87.27 0.04 8.51 0.97 8.78 25.90 0.0105730701 2.53 0.97 2.60
95 5 1.041275 1041.275 52.06375 989.21125 0.531262755 54.956180556 0.96% 99.04% 103.44 84.68 0.04 10.33 0.96 10.75 23.31 0.0118916461 2.84 0.96 2.96
94 6 1.04953 1049.53 62.9718 986.5582 0.642569388 54.808788889 1.16% 98.84% 85.30 82.53 0.05 12.08 0.95 12.69 21.16 0.0129573643 3.10 0.95 3.25
92 8 1.06604 1066.04 85.2832 980.7568 0.870236735 54.486488889 1.57% 98.43% 62.61 79.10 0.06 15.43 0.93 16.53 17.73 0.0144713278 3.46 0.93 3.71
90 10 1.08255 1082.55 108.255 974.295 1.104642857 54.1275 2.00% 98.00% 49.00 76.37 0.08 18.63 0.92 20.35 15.00 0.015309271 3.66 0.92 4.00
88 12 1.09906 1099.06 131.8872 967.1728 1.345787755 53.731822222 2.44% 97.56% 39.93 74.10 0.09 21.69 0.90 24.16 12.73 0.0155840822 3.72 0.90 4.15
86 14 1.11557 1115.57 156.1798 959.3902 1.593671429 53.299455556 2.90% 97.10% 33.44 72.13 0.10 24.63 0.88 27.98 10.76 0.015368949 3.67 0.88 4.17
84 16 1.13208 1132.08 181.1328 950.9472 1.848293878 52.8304 3.38% 96.62% 28.58 70.38 0.11 27.46 0.86 31.83 9.01 0.014714577 3.52 0.86 4.08
82 18 1.14859 1148.59 206.7462 941.8438 2.109655102 52.324655556 3.88% 96.12% 24.80 68.81 0.13 30.21 0.85 35.71 7.44 0.0136576241 3.26 0.85 3.86
80 20 1.1651 1165.1 233.02 932.08 2.377755102 51.782222222 4.39% 95.61% 21.78 67.36 0.14 32.86 0.83 39.64 5.99 0.0122253206 2.92 0.83 3.53
78 22 1.18161 1181.61 259.9542 921.6558 2.652593878 51.2031 4.93% 95.07% 19.30 66.02 0.15 35.42 0.81 43.61 4.65 0.010438209 2.49 0.81 3.07
76 24 1.19812 1198.12 287.5488 910.5712 2.934171429 50.587288889 5.48% 94.52% 17.24 64.76 0.16 37.91 0.80 47.62 3.39 0.0083118653 1.99 0.80 2.50
74 26 1.21463 1214.63 315.8038 898.8262 3.222487755 49.934788889 6.06% 93.94% 15.50 63.58 0.17 40.32 0.78 51.69 2.21 0.0058580284 1.40 0.78 1.80
72 28 1.23114 1231.14 344.7192 886.4208 3.517542857 49.2456 6.67% 93.33% 14.00 62.45 0.18 42.65 0.76 55.82 1.08 0.0030853654 0.74 0.76 0.97
70 30 1.24765 1247.65 374.295 873.355 3.819336735 48.519722222 7.30% 92.70% 12.70 61.37 0.19 44.90 0.75 60.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.75 0.00
68 32 1.26416 1264.16 404.5312 859.6288 4.127869388 47.757155556 7.96% 92.04% 11.57 60.33 0.20 47.08 0.73 64.23
66 34 1.28067 1280.67 435.4278 845.2422 4.443140816 46.9579 8.64% 91.36% 10.57 59.32 0.21 49.19 0.72 68.53
64 36 1.29718 1297.18 466.9848 830.1952 4.76515102 46.121955556 9.36% 90.64% 9.68 58.35 0.21 51.23 0.70 72.88
62 38 1.31369 1313.69 499.2022 814.4878 5.0939 45.249322222 10.12% 89.88% 8.88 57.39 0.22 53.19 0.69 77.28
60 40 1.3302 1330.2 532.08 798.12 5.429387755 44.34 10.91% 89.09% 8.17 56.46 0.23 55.08 0.67 81.74
58 42 1.34671 1346.71 565.6182 781.0918 5.771614286 43.393988889 11.74% 88.26% 7.52 55.54 0.24 56.89 0.66 86.24
56 44 1.36322 1363.22 599.8168 763.4032 6.120579592 42.411288889 12.61% 87.39% 6.93 54.63 0.25 58.63 0.65 90.80
54 46 1.37973 1379.73 634.6758 745.0542 6.476283673 41.3919 13.53% 86.47% 6.39 53.73 0.25 60.28 0.63 95.39
52 48 1.39624 1396.24 670.1952 726.0448 6.838726531 40.335822222 14.50% 85.50% 5.90 52.84 0.26 61.86 0.62 100.02
50 50 1.41275 1412.75 706.375 706.375 7.207908163 39.243055556 15.52% 84.48% 5.44 51.95 0.27 63.35 0.61 104.67
48 52 1.42926 1429.26 743.2152 686.0448 7.583828571 38.1136 16.60% 83.40% 5.03 51.06 0.27 64.76 0.59 109.35
46 54 1.44577 1445.77 780.7158 665.0542 7.966487755 36.947455556 17.74% 82.26% 4.64 50.17 0.28 66.07 0.58 114.02
44 56 1.46228 1462.28 818.8768 643.4032 8.355885714 35.744622222 18.95% 81.05% 4.28 49.27 0.28 67.29 0.57 118.70
42 58 1.47879 1478.79 857.6982 621.0918 8.752022449 34.5051 20.23% 79.77% 3.94 48.37 0.29 68.42 0.55 123.35
40 60 1.4953 1495.3 897.18 598.12 9.154897959 33.228888889 21.60% 78.40% 3.63 47.45 0.29 69.43 0.54 127.96
38 62 1.51181 1511.81 937.3222 574.4878 9.564512245 31.915988889 23.06% 76.94% 3.34 46.51 0.29 70.33 0.53 132.50
36 64 1.52832 1528.32 978.1248 550.1952 9.980865306 30.5664 24.62% 75.38% 3.06 45.56 0.30 71.11 0.52 136.96
34 66 1.54483 1544.83 1019.5878 525.2422 10.40395714 29.180122222 26.28% 73.72% 2.80 44.58 0.30 71.76 0.51 141.30
32 68 1.56134 1561.34 1061.7112 499.6288 10.83378776 27.757155556 28.07% 71.93% 2.56 43.58 0.30 72.27 0.50 145.48
30 70 1.57785 1577.85 1104.495 473.355 11.27035714 26.2975 30.00% 70.00% 2.33 42.54 0.30 72.62 0.49 149.45
28 72 1.59436 1594.36 1147.9392 446.4208 11.71366531 24.801155556 32.08% 67.92% 2.12 41.46 0.30 72.80 0.48 153.17
26 74 1.61087 1610.87 1192.0438 418.8262 12.16371224 23.268122222 34.33% 65.67% 1.91 40.33 0.30 72.78 0.46 156.56
24 76 1.62738 1627.38 1236.8088 390.5712 12.62049796 21.6984 36.77% 63.23% 1.72 39.14 0.30 72.55 0.45 159.55
22 78 1.64389 1643.89 1282.2342 361.6558 13.08402245 20.091988889 39.44% 60.56% 1.54 37.89 0.30 72.07 0.44 162.03
20 80 1.6604 1660.4 1328.32 332.08 13.55428571 18.448888889 42.35% 57.65% 1.36 36.55 0.30 71.30 0.44 163.86
18 82 1.67691 1676.91 1375.0662 301.8438 14.03128776 16.7691 45.56% 54.44% 1.20 35.10 0.29 70.20 0.43 164.89
16 84 1.69342 1693.42 1422.4728 270.9472 14.51502857 15.052622222 49.09% 50.91% 1.04 33.52 0.29 68.68 0.42 164.89
14 86 1.70993 1709.93 1470.5398 239.3902 15.00550816 13.299455556 53.01% 46.99% 0.89 31.78 0.28 66.65 0.41 163.54
12 88 1.72644 1726.44 1519.2672 207.1728 15.50272653 11.5096 57.39% 42.61% 0.74 29.81 0.27 63.98 0.40 160.41
10 90 1.74295 1742.95 1568.655 174.295 16.00668367 9.6830555556 62.31% 37.69% 0.60 27.53 0.25 60.43 0.39 154.82
8 92 1.75946 1759.46 1618.7032 140.7568 16.51737959 7.8198222222 67.87% 32.13% 0.47 24.81 0.23 55.66 0.38 145.68
6 94 1.77597 1775.97 1669.4118 106.5582 17.03481429 5.9199 74.21% 25.79% 0.35 21.37 0.20 49.00 0.37 130.97
4 96 1.79248 1792.48 1720.7808 71.6992 17.55898776 3.9832888889 81.51% 18.49% 0.23 16.63 0.16 38.94 0.37 106.30
2 98 1.80899 1808.99 1772.8102 36.1798 18.0899 2.0099888889 90.00% 10.00% 0.11 8.70 0.09 20.79 0.36 57.95
1 99 1.817245 1817.245 1799.0726 18.17245 18.35788316 1.0095805556 94.79% 5.21% 0.05 0.88 0.01 2.13 0.36 6.00

n(mol
kJ/mol
H2O/mol
H2SO4
H2SO4)
0.5 15.73 y= 11.114 ln(x) + 33.119
1 28.07 y = kJ/ml
1.5 36.9 x=n
2 41.92
3 48.99
4 54.06
5 58.03
10 67.03
25 72.3
50 73.34
100 73.97