THEOLOGY101 REVIEWER
just touch, they meet.
What is Theology?
- A Reflection of religious experience.
- “Mabathalang Pag-aaral” according
to the Filipino Theologian from
Leuvein.
 Ito ay pagninilay sa mga karanasan
kay Bathala o karanasang “mahal-
banal”
 Mainam na sariwain natin ang mga
panahon na kung saan nadama natin ang
kadahang-loob ni Bathala sa ating
buhay.
Experience
An experience is defined as the
encounter between man and reality.
However, Gabriel Marcel, a French
theistic existentialist believes that
“experience is more than the simple
meeting of self (inside) and sense of
world (outside).”
 Marcel suggests that an
experience implies reflection.
 Thus, reflection is intimately
related with experience.
Raphael (P-104)
 Experience and reflection do not
Experience thus implies not just
juxtaposition of perceiver and
perceived but a meaningful and
creative relationship between the
two, a dialectic.
Meaningful?
REFLECTION
Encounter REALITY
PERCEIVER PERCEIVED
EXPERIENCE
 We wonder when we reflect. We
reflect when we wonder. When we
wonder, we ask questions.
 A good question to ask is, what
experience do we consider as
meaningful? Usually meaningful
experiences are experiences that
bring us into the invisible but real
world mediated by meaning like: truth,
beauty, love, etc.
 A meaningful experience also  The ultimate longing for
speaks of one’s ultimate concern, the satisfaction is the ultimate longing
number one priority in life. This could for the Absolute.
be one’s family, studies, special
 He equates this absolute with God,
someone, dreams, or aspirations.
the one who satisfies ultimately man’s
This ultimate value or concern has longing for meaning.
a character of unconditionally and
Now, how can an experience be
unreserved commitment wherein you
religious? What is the difference
are willing to sacrifice everything
between depth experience and
because you believe this will give you
religious experience?
ultimate satisfaction and meaning.
According to Dermot Lane, religious
1. Roque Ferriols, a Jesuit theologian
experiences are those moments in
explains the meaning of “kahulugan” or
life when we perceive the world of
meaning using the image of a “funnel”
meaning as grounded in that
or “embudo.”
immanent and transcendent reality we
Funnel - It is used to channel liquid or call God.
fine-grained substances into
 For any believer, faith forms an
containers with a small opening. It
intrinsic part of the perceptual
acts as a guide and keeps substances
apparatus. This means, faith is an
from spilling.
important component when we
perceive things (seen or unseen).

2. for Paul Johannes Tillich, FAITH

a theologian, the ultimate
- To perceive the world of meaning as
value is equal to “god”.
grounded in God or even unseen
realities requires faith: the ability to
see beyond the merely human or the
3. For Rudolph Visker, a Jesuit
merely actual or obvious.
philosopher-theologian.
An experience then can be religious
w/o necessarily alluding to religious or
liturgical activities done in and by the

Raphael (P-104)
Church. Secular activities can be
considered religious experiences.
Faith as an intrinsic part of the
perceptual apparatus enables us to
see beyond the ordinary moments in
our life. It makes us transcend.
Transcendence then is an important
factor in religious experiences.
 W/o faith, we cannot come in contact
with God or the “unseen” in the depth of
our experience. At the same time faith
is a grace and a gift from God.
* Our language, our culture, our
personal history, prejudices and
preferences, and most importantly
our faith, shape the way we
perceive things and integrate them
to our consciousness. We forge,
mould, and configure the object of
perception according to our mental
“baggage” as it is being integrated to
our consciousness.
 Thus, any experience is both
objective and subjective; it is not
solely determined and shaped by the
person who experiences, nor it is
Raphael (P-104)
wholly determined by the object of
perception (the one being perceived).
 At the very core of humanity is
the inclination for order and to the
One responsible for order. AYAW
NATIN SA MAGULO. Religious
experience is surrender to this bigger
reality, in this case, God. Religious
experience is a deeper experience
of reality.
 Religious experience is ecstatic
which leads you out of yourself.
a.) It is fulfilled time not filling in
time. Filling in time is an experience
of boredom. A person starts becoming
conscious of time. (parang ang tagal).
b.) In fulfilled time, like being with a
love one or in a game like basketball,
you lose yourself, you tend to be
mindless of time; you become ecstatic
(euphoric or delighted) - leading you
out of yourself.
1. according to David Tracy, limit
situations are disclosive of religious
experience in our way of self-
transcendence. There are two limit
situations:
A. Positive limit situations:
experiences of joy, jubilations, life, or
happiness. These are experiences of matapat; maganda ang kalooban;
“bitin.” busilak ang puso) siya ay
mapagkatitiwalaan. Tayo ay nagtitiwala
B. Negative limit situations:
sa kanya.
experiences of fear, loneliness as in
“sagad,” naubusan ka!
Kapag meron akong
 Limit situations are self- BELIEVE pananampalataya, ako
transcending experiences.
ay naniniwala.
2. Karl Rahner in his Theological
Investigation has some questions that
would reflect on our religious
experiences.
Kapag ako ay
 One of the questions is, “Have we naniniwala, ako ay TRUST
not had the experience of pardoning nagtitiwala.
with all sincerity?

 The act of forgiveness is a

religious experience.

Kapag ako ay
Pananampalataya: Bilang ACT nagtitiwala, ako ay
naninindigan, “itataya
Paniniwala, Pagtitiwala, at
ko ang aking sarili.I
Pagkakatiwala make a solemn”.
“conviction
1. Tiwala ang salitang ugat ng
paniniwala, pagtitiwala, at  Faith is pagtataya. Tiwala ang
pagkakatiwala. dahilan kung bakit handa kong itaya
ang aking sarili. Naniniwala akong
 Ang tiwala ay maaring mag-ugat
magdudulot ito ng kahulugan sa aking
sa:nagsasabi (nagsasalita); o sa
buhay.
sinasabi (salita)
 Faith is pananalig. Galing ito sa
Kapag ang nagsasabi (person) ay may
salitang “salig” na kasing-kahulugan ng
credibilidad (marunong; mabuti;

Raphael (P-104)
sandig o sandal ( to lean on; to magtitiwala. Sa kanya ako mananalig.
depend). Sa kanya ko itataya ang aking sarili.
Ipagkakatiwala ko sa kanya ang aking
a. Pagsalig is Samaktuwid, pagsalig ay
sarili.
relying or depending on someone as
a foundation or support. pagtitiwala.  Dahil hangad kong gumanda ang
Sinaligan ay pinagtiwalaan. kalooban ko, kay Bathala ako
mananalig. Kay Bathala ako sasalig.
b. Pag-asa (hope) ang bunga ng
Pinagaganda niya ang kalooban ko.
pananalig (faith). Palagay ang loob ng
taong may tiwala. Pagasa ang dama ng  Dahil pinapadama ng Diyos ang
taong nagtitiwala. kanyang kagandahang loob, sisikapin
kong maisaloob ang kalooban niya.
2. Magandang umaga ang bati nating
Susundin ko ang kanyang kalooban
mga Pinoy.
(God’s Will).
 Makahulugan ang buhay n9g taong
 MAGPAPAKATAO AKO.
nakakikita pa ng bukas. May kahulugan
kapag may pag-asa; may bukas pa sa
may makahulugang pag-iral. Sumisikat
LEGEND:
ang araw.
TURQUIOSE – Additional information
 Maitim ang budhi ng taong RED – Important Information
madaya. Tiwala ang wala sa taong BLACK – Subjective information of
madaya. Dating at talab, samaktuwid the arranger of this reviewer.
ang wala sa taong walang paninindigan.
References:
MASAMA ang tawag natin sa taong
walang sinasaligan. (2018) HAU-Theology 101 Reviewer.
Holy Angel University.
 Ika ng mga matatanda, MAY ARAW
KA RIN

3. Ang Diyos ay ang Dakilang Ganap. GOOD LUCK!

Ganap ang kahulugang handog niya.
Ganap din and kapanatagang dulot nya.
Ganap samaktuwid and tiwalang
ibibigay niya. Sa kanya ako

Raphael (P-104)
Raphael (P-104)