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TOPIC : SONNET

SONNET IS A FOURTEEN LINE POEM AND HAS 10 SYLLABLES. SONNET WORD IS DERIVED FROM LATIN
WORD SONNE WHICH MEANS SOUND OR SONG . IT HAS A STRONG RHYME SCHEME AND SPECIFIC
STRUCTURE . POETS WHO WRITE SONNET ARE KNOWN AS SONNETEERS . SONNET EVOLVED WITH THE
TIME . IT WAS CREATED BY GIA COMO DE LENTINI. FOR EXAMPLE SONNET HAS 2 SYLLABLES SON NET .
WHERE AS INTRODUCTION HAS 4 SYLLABLES IN TRO DUC TION,. A SONNET IS USUALLY MADE UP OF
VOWELS ALONE OR WITH ONE OR MORE CONSONANTS .

IAMBIC PARAMETERS IAMBIC PARAME4TRS REFERS TO A CERTAIN KIND OF LINE OF POETRY AND HAS
TO DO WITH NUMBERRS OF SYLLABALES IN THE LINE AND EMPHASIS PLACED ON THE LINES .

EVERY SONNET IS WRITTEN IN IAMBIC PARAMETERS . FIRST ENGLISH SONNET WAS WRITTEN IN SIR
THOMAS WYATT AND EARL OF SURREY AND USED ITALIAN PETRARCHAN FORM THERE CAN SIOME
TYPES OF SONNETS MAJORLY THERE ARE 6 TYPE OF SONNETS

ITALIAN SONNET

SHEAKSPHEREAN SONNET

SPENSERIAN SONNET

MITONIC SONNET

TERZA RIMA SONNET

CURTAL SONNETWhat Is a Petrarchan sonnet?

The Petrarchan Sonnet is named after the Italian poet Francesco Petrarch, a lyrical poet of fourteenth-century Italy.
Petrarch did not invent the poetic form that bears his name. Rather, the commonly credited originator of the sonnet
is Giacomo da Lentini, who composed poetry in the literary Sicilian dialect in the th irteenth century. They have 14
lines, divided into 2 subgroups: an octave and a sestet. The octave follows a rhyme scheme of ABBA ABBA. The
sestet follows one of two rhyme schemes—either CDE CDE scheme (more common) or CDC CDC. Learn more
about Petrarchan sonnets here.
What Is a Shakespearean sonnet?
A Shakespearean sonnet is a variation on the Italian sonnet tradition. The form evolved in England during and
around the time of the Elizabethan era. These sonnets are sometimes referred to as Elizabethan sonnets or English
sonnets. They have 14 lines divided into 4 subgroups: 3 quatrains and a couplet. Each line is typically ten syllables,
phrased in iambic pentameter. A Shakespearean sonnet employs the rhyme scheme ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. Learn
more about Shakespearean sonnets here.
What Is a Spenserian sonnet?
A Spenserian sonnet is a variation on the Shakespearean sonnet, with a more challenging rhyme scheme: ABAB
BCBC CDCD EE.
What Is a Miltonic sonnet?
“Miltonic” sonnets are an evolution of the Shakespearean sonnet. They often examined an internal struggle or
conflict rather than themes of the material world, and sometimes they would stretch beyond traditional limits on
rhyme or length.
Shakespearean Sonnets vs. Petrarchan Sonnets
The primary difference between a Shakespearean sonnet and a Petrarchan sonnet is the way the poem’s 14 lines are
grouped. Rather than employ quatrains, the Petrarchan sonnet combines an octave (eight lines) with a sestet (six
lines).
These sections accordingly follow the following rhyme scheme:
ABBA ABBA CDE CDE.
Sometimes, the ending sestet follows a CDC CDC rhyme scheme. This is called the “Sicilian sestet,” named for an
island region of Italy.
Meanwhile, the “Crybin” variant on the Petrarchan sonnet contains a different rhyme scheme for the opening octave:
ABBA CDDC.
The verses of Petrarchan sonnets often frame a particular the topic or argument of the sonnet, which is often
presented as a question. The opening octave offers a “proposition” that poses the problem at hand. The concluding
sestet then provides a resolution. The ninth line of the Petrarchan sonnet, found at the top of the sestet, is the
“volta,” which literally translates to the “turn.”
Shakespearean Sonnets vs. Spenserian Sonnets
The English poet Edmund Spenser lived during the age of Shakespeare (in fact, he died earlier than The Bard) and
provided his own variation on the popular sonnet form of the day.
Shakespeare and most of his contemporaries organized their 14-line sonnet sequence with the following rhyme
scheme:
ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.
Spenser’s rhyme scheme is a bit more challenging:
ABAB BCBC CDCD EE.
This means that rhyming words introduced in one quatrain must inform rhymes in subsequent quatrains. To see how
Spenser put this into practice, consider the opening of his sonnet, “Amoretti,” written in 1595:
Happy ye leaves. whenas those lily hands—A
Which hold my life in their dead doing might—B
Shall handle you, and hold in love's soft bands—A
Like captives trembling at the victor's sight—B
And happy lines on which, with starry light—B
Those lamping eyes will deign sometimes to look—C
And read the sorrows of my dying sprite—B
Written with tears in heart's close bleeding book.—C
Shakespearean Sonnets vs. Miltonic Sonnets
Shakespeare’s sonnet style traces fairly clearly to the original sonnets of Giacomo da Lentini. Shakespearean rhyme
scheme differed from its Italian precedents, as indicated above. But the Bard of Avon most distin guished his style
via his poems’ content and themes. Prior to Elizabethan age, the vast majority of sonnets concerned religion and
worship. Shakespeare upended this tradition with poems that feature lust, homoeroticism, misogyny, infidelity, and
acrimony. These topics have endured in poetry ever since, even if the rigid sonnet structure eventually fell out of
fashion.
John Milton, who lived for the final eight years of Shakespeare’s lifetime, continued to push the sonnet form.
“Miltonic” sonnets often examined an internal struggle or conflict rather than themes of the material world.
Sometimes they would stretch beyond traditional limits on rhyme or length, but Milton also showed fondness for the
Petrarchan form, including in his most famous sonnet, “When I Consider How My Light is Spent.”

OUR WRITING COURSES

Example #1: Visions (By Francesco Petrarch)

Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet

Italian or Petrarchan sonnet was introduced by 14th century Italian poet Francesco Petrarch.

The rhyme scheme of a Petrarchan sonnet features the first eight lines, called an octet, which
rhymes as abba–abba–cdc–dcd. The remaining six lines are called a sestet, and might have a
range of rhyme schemes.

Example #2: Sonnet 1 (By William Shakespeare)

A Shakespearean sonnet is generally written in iambic pentameter, in which there are 10
syllables in each line.

The rhyme scheme of the Shakespearian sonnet is abab–cdcd–efef–gg, which is difficult to

follow. Hence, only Shakespeare is known to have done it.

Spenserian Sonnet

Sir Edmund Spenser was the first poet who modified the Petrarch’s form, and introduced a new
rhyme scheme as follows:

The rhyme scheme in this sonnet is abab–bcbc–cdcd–ee, which is specific to Spenser, and
such types of sonnets are called Spenserian sonnets.

SOME EXAMPLES OF SONNETS ARE

 “Those Winter Sundays” by Robert Hayden

 “Sonnet 73” by William Shakespeare
 “Sonnet 18” by William Shakespeare
 “Sonnet 131” by Petrarch
 “Acquainted with the Night” by Robert Frost
 “Ozymandias” by Percy Bysshe Shelley
 “Time Does Not Bring Relief” by Edna St. Vincent Millay
 “Remember” by Christina Rossetti
 “When I Have Fears” by John Keats
FUNCTIONS OF SONNETS ARE

SONNET HAS BECAME POULAR AMONG DIFFERENT POETS BECAUSE IT HAS A GREAT ADAPTABILITY TO
DIFFERENT PURPOSES AND REQUIREMENTS .

RHYTHMS ARE STRICTLY FOLLOWED IT COULD BE GREAT FOR POETIC ELLABORATIONS OR EXPRESSION
OF ASINGLE FEELING WEITH ITS SHORT LENGHTH IN IAMBIC PARAMETERS.

INFACT IT GIVES AN IDEAL SETTING FOR A POET TO EXPLORE STRONG EMOTIONS .

DUE TO ITS SHORT LENGTH IT BECOMES COVENIENT TO MANAGE FOR BOTH WRITER AND READER.

SONNETS CONSISTS OF 14 LINES ; THREE FOUR LINE STANZAS ACCOMPNIED BY A TWO LINE CLOSING
STANZA .

SOME FACTS ABOUT SONNETS ARE

FIRST SONNETS WERE USED TO WRITE LOVE POEMS , PETRARCH WAS FIRST MAJOR SONNET WRITER IN
14 CENTURY .

SHEAKSPHERE WROTE 154 SONNETS FROM 16 TO 17 SONNETS

SONNETS CONSIST OF 14 LINES DIVIDED INTO QUATRAINS AND COUPLETS ;

QUATRAIN CONSIST OF 4 LINES ONE COUPLET CONSIST OF 2 LINES

3 QUATRAINS = 12 LINES LAST 2 LINES = 2 LINES.