Detailed Lesson Plan in Technology and Livelihood Education

Mechanical Drafting
(Grade-8)

I. Objectives:
a. Identify and discuss the alphabet of lines.
b. Value the importance of the alphabet of lines for a drafting student.
c. Draw and illustrate the different alphabet of lines.

II. Subject Matter:

Topic: Alphabet of Lines
Reference: Technology and Livelihood Education (Learning Module): Mechanical
Drafting Grade 7 and 8 (page 73-76)
Materials: Powerpoint presenting the alphabet of lines.
Pictures

III. Procedure:
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
a. Routine
Good morning class! Good morning ma’am.
Let us start our day by asking guidance to our Lord.
(Name of student) will you lead the prayer? Are you ready to pray classmates?
Yes, we are.
Let us pray.
(Prays the Lord’s Prayer)
Class Secretary are there any absent for today?
Thank you.
None, ma’am.
b. Review
Class, do you still remember our lesson yesterday?
Then can anyone from the class tell me what was the
lesson tackled yesterday?
And what are those tools and instruments? Yes, ma’am.

Our lesson yesterday is about drafting tools and

instruments.

Pencil
Eraser
Drawing Paper
Masking Tape
Alright, since you still remember our lesson Erasing Shield
yesterday, let us now proceed to our next lesson. T-Square
Triangle
c. Lesson Proper Protractor
Divider
Motivation Compass
But before we officially start our new lesson. Let us
have a game first.
The name of the game is called “Name That Thing”.
Now I have here pictures that I will be showing to you.
All you have to do is identify what are these pictures.
If you want to answer just raise your hand.
 Okay, let us start.
What do you think is this picture?
(Shows the first picture)
Alright, how about this one?
(Shows the second picture)
Very good, next.
(Shows the third picture)
What about this picture?
(Shows the fourth picture) Lifeline
Last we have.
(Shows the fifth picture) Telephone Line
Ok, thank you for participating class.
Finish Line

Lecture Discussion Line Graph

The pictures that I showed you earlier are somehow
related to our lesson today. Pedestrian Lane
Can anyone of you guess what our lesson is for today?
Yes it is about lines, but more precisely it is about the
Alphabet of Lines.
Now class you might be thinking that, “There’s an
alphabet of lines?”
Why yes, there is.
Since line is the basis of all drawings, a drafting Ma’am our lesson for today is about lines.
student must know that every line has definite meaning,
characteristics, use and construction. These lines are
given conventional symbols which are called alphabet of
lines.

First from the alphabet of lines is the visible line.

Will you read (calls a student).

Visible lines are lines we commonly used when

drawing or lettering.

If we have a visible line of course we also have

invisible line.
Will you read (calls a student).

Visible line- a thick line that represent the visible

Reminders class invisible line, should join a visible edges or outline.
line when you what to show the back part of an object
you are drawing.
For example, I will draw a cube using of course some
of the tools and instrument use in drafting.
(draws a cube on the board)
Now, the line that I use to draw the cube is a visible Invisible line- it represent the surface or edges that
line. cannot be seen.
For you to be able to show the back line of a cube you
will be drawing an invisible line from right bottom tip of
the cube to the left.
And there you have it, the back line of your cube.

Another one we have the dimension line.

Will you read (calls a student).
 For example, the dimension of the cube I drew earlier
is 6’’. The length of your dimension line will vary
depending upon the size of the drawing.

Next we have the center line.

Will you read (calls a student).
Dimension line- a thin line with arrowhead in one end
used to indicate the measurements of objects.
I will draw a circle, now to indicate the center of the
circle. I will draw a horizontal line and a vertical line
crossing each other.
We can usually see a center lines in roads; this
indicates the path or motion of a vehicle.

Next we have the extension line.

Will you read (calls a student).
Center lines- it represent the axis or center of
symmetrical shapes like ball, rectangular block, cube
From the given meaning of extension line it can be
said that it indicates the starting point and the ending
point of a dimension line.

Next we have the leader line.

Will you read (calls a student).

Extension line- a thin line that extends from the object

in order to show dimension limits.
For example, I will draw here a circle, now the length
from the center point to the other point of the circle is
exactly 2 cm. I will draw a leader line to indicate the
length.
So, a leader line is an exploratory note on the features
of your drawing.
Leader line- a short inclined line with an arrowhead at
Next we have the cutting plane line. the end and short horizontal line on the other end.
Will you read (calls a student).

It shows where you will cut.

For example, I will cut the cube from this point to this
point.

Then we have the short and long break lines. Cutting plane thick lines- used to indicate an
Will you read (calls a student) imaginary cut through an object along the line.

A short break line is used to show the fact, that the part
of the object is not large. While the long break line is
used to show that the object has been cut.
And lastly we have section line.
Will you read (calls a student).
Short break line- thick line drawn in freehand to show
details that a part has been cut off or broken out.
Long break line- this limits the length of an elongated
object without changing the size of its view.

This will show the interior view of the cube which has
been cut.

(draw the section line on the cube drew earlier)

Now this indicates that this part of a cube has already
been removed. Section line- a thin lines to show the surface that has
been cut.
Is there any questions, clarifications and reactions?

It is because these lines where the foundations in

drawing. Just like in English alphabet you cannot form a
word if you do not know the letters A,B,C,D and so on
much less a sentence.

Activity
Now that I have explained the alphabet of lines. I have Ma’am why is it that they are called “alphabet” not
an activity for you. kinds or types of lines?
This activity is called “Line Guess”.
To start the activity, let us first read the mechanics.
Alright class, group yourselves into 2 groups. Group 1
will be on my right and Group 2 on the left side.

Generalization
1. What is the significance of the alphabet of lines in a
drafting
student?

2. Give three examples of alphabet of lines.

IV. Evaluation:

Direction: Draw what is being asked below.

Alphabet of Lines Illustration

1. Visible Line

2. Invisible Line

3. Dimension Line

4. Center Line
5. Extension Line

Key to Correction:

Alphabet of Lines Illustration

1. Visible Line

2. Invisible Line

3. Dimension Line

4. Center Line

5. Extension Line

V. Assignment:

Search the definition of line sketching and bring coupon band and pencil.