DISEASES OF OIL

PALM
 NURSERY DISEASES
BROWN GERM DISEASE not known; many fungi & bacteria

SCHIZOPHYLLUM SEED INFECTION Schizophyllum commune

Glomerella cingulata,
EARLY LEAF DISEASES Botryodiplodia palmarum,
Melanconium elaeidis
BLAST Pythium sp & Rhizoctonia sp

CURVULARIA LEAF SPOT Curvularia eragrostidis

Drechslera ( Helminthosporium )
HELMINTHOSPORIUM LEAF SPOT
halodes

CORTICIUM LEAF SPOT Corticium solani

Phytophthora sp; secondary

SPEAR OR BUD ROT
infection of Fusarium spp
SCHIZOPHYLLUM SEED INFECTION
EARLY LEAF DISEASES
DRECHSLERA LEAF SPOT
HELMINTHOSPORIUM LEAF DISEASE
CURVULARIA LEAF SPOT
causal agent : Curvularia eragrostidis
CORTICIUM LEAF ROT
PESTALOTIOPSIS LEAF SPOT
 BLAST
frond drying root decay
 DISEASES OF IMMATURE PLANTINGS

HELMINTHOSPORIUM LEAF SPOTS Drechslera halodes

CURVULARIA LEAF SPOT Curvularia eragrostidis

CROWN DISEASE unknown

CHARCOAL BASE ROT Ustilina deusta

BASAL STEM ROT Ganoderma boninense

WITHER TIP DISEASE Fusarium sp

SOOTY MOULDS many fungi

CEPHALEUROS LEAF SPOT Cephaleurus virescens

MARASMIUS INFECTION
HELMINTHOSPORIUM LEAF SPOTS
HELMINTHOSPORIUM LEAF DISEASE
SPEAR ROT and BUD ROT

Spear rotting at base

Shorter inner fronds
CROWN DISEASE
CURVULARIA LEAF SPOT
 BASAL STEM ROT
Causal agent : Ganoderma boninense
FALLEN IMMATURE PALM
affected by BSR
 CHARCOAL BASE ROT
Causing agent : Ustilina deusta
SOOTY MOULDS
 CEPHALEURUS LEAF SPOT
Causal agent : Cephaleurus viresxcens
 DISEASES OF MATURE PLANTINGS
BASAL STEM ROT Ganoderma boninense

Ganoderma boninense
UPPER STEM ROT Phellinus noxius

CHARCOAL BASE ROT Ustilina deusta

BUNCH ROT Marasmius palmivorus

Botryodiplodia theobromae
BUNCH STALK ROT Ceratocystis paradoxa

WITHER TIP DISEASE Fusarium sp

SOOTY MOULDS many fungi

CEPHALEUROS LEAF SPOT Cephaleurus virescens

BASAL STEM ROT
UNOPENED NEW FRONDS
SMALL CANOPY / FROND
FRACTURE ‘SKIRT’
MALNUTRITION ‘YELLOWING’
FRUITING BODIES / SPOROPHORES
FALLEN PALM
SOIL MOUNDING
 UPPER STEM ROT
causal agent : Phellinus noxious
Ganoderma boninense
 WITHER TIP DISEASE
Causal agent : Fusarium spp
STEM WET ROT
SOOTY MOULDS
ALGAL LEAF SPOT
 BUNCH STALK ROT
Causal agents : Botryodiplodia theobromae
Ceratocystis paradoxa
 MARASMIUS BUNCH ROT
Causal agent : Marasmius palmivorus
EXOTIC DISEASES OF
OIL PALMS
 CERCOSPORA LEAF SPOT
Causasal agents : Cercospora palmicola, C.
elaeidis
VACSULAR WILT (fronds,rachis,stem)
Causal agent Fusarium oxysporium
RED RING DISEASE OF OIL PALM
causal agent : nematodes –
Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus

Oil palm

coconut
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION