PUMA Sustainability Handbook - Occupational HealthSafety - 1611

PUMA SUSTAINABILITY
HANDBOOK
Occupational Health and Safety
PUMA Sustainability Handbook - Occupational Health and Safety
Foreword
At PUMA, we believe that our position as creative leader in the Sports industry gives us the
opportunity and the responsibility to contribute to a better world for generations to come. With
the Forever Faster transformation, Sustainability remains a key value of the PUMA brand.
Faster is how we are working towards a more just and sustainable future, accelerating positive
change in the industry and the world. We believe that by staying true to our values, inspiring
the passion and talent of our people, working in sustainable, innovative ways, and doing our
best to be Fair, Honest, Positive, and Creative, we will keep on making the products our
customers love, and at the same time bring our vision of a better world a little closer every day.
We aim to bring our trading practices in line with the principles of sustainable development.
This means that we do not just want to provide high-quality products, but it is our duty to ensure
that these products are manufactured in workplaces where human rights are respected and
workers’ health and safety as well as the environment are protected.
PUMA takes on the responsibility for everybody involved in the production process, whether a
PUMA employee or not. However, this responsibility cannot replace nor substitute the
responsibility of our vendors within their own manufacturing facilities. Our “Code of Conduct”
expresses the expectations we have of our vendors. It is integrated into our manufacturing
agreement, which delimits the business relationship we share with our partners. PUMA takes
this shared responsibility seriously. We reserve the right to terminate business relations with
any partner who does not respect the letter or the spirit of our Code of Conduct or Corporate
Sustainability Policies.
Only by partnering up with our vendors we will be able to have a positive impact and contribute
to making a better world for the communities we operate in, the workers who make our great
products, our customers and our own employees and, of course, for future generations.
Lars Sørensen Michael Bennett

Chief Operating Officer Global Director, SourceCo and Sustainability
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Table of Contents
Foreword .................................................................................................................................2
Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................3
Introduction ..............................................................................................................................5
SECTION ONE Mission Statement & Occupational Health & Safety Policy ................6
1.1 Mission Statement ..........................................................................................................6
1.2 Sustainability Strategy ....................................................................................................6
1.3 Sustainability Targets .....................................................................................................6
1.4 Occupational Health and Safety Policy ..........................................................................7
SECTION TWO Occupational Health and Safety Management System ......................8
2.1 Management System .....................................................................................................8
2.2 Key Performance Indicators on Health and Safety.........................................................9
2.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment .................................................................10
2.4 Control Measures .........................................................................................................11
2.4.1 Level 1 Control Measures ......................................................................................11
2.5 Health and Safety Committee ......................................................................................13
2.5.1 Objectives and Functions ......................................................................................13
2.5.2 Health and Safety Committee Training ..................................................................14
2.6 Incident Investigation and Reporting at Workplace ......................................................14
2.6.1 General Introduction ..............................................................................................14
2.6.2 Incident Investigation .............................................................................................15
2.6.3 Recording Information (establishing the circumstances) .......................................15
2.6.4 Determining the Causes of an Incident ..................................................................16
2.6.5 Taking Appropriate Corrective Action ....................................................................16
2.6.6 Circulating the Results of the Investigation ............................................................16
2.6.7 Training..................................................................................................................17
SECTION THREE Safety Management ............................................................................17
3.1 General Machinery Equipment and Tool Safety ...........................................................17
3.1.1 Machine Guarding .................................................................................................17
3.1.2 Elevators and Lifts .................................................................................................18
3.1.3 Powered Industrial Trucks .....................................................................................19
3.1.4 Electrical Safety .....................................................................................................19
3.1.5 Control of hazardous energy (Lockout/Tag out) ....................................................20
3.1.6 Permit to Work .......................................................................................................22
3.2 Chemical Safety Management. ....................................................................................23
3.2.1 Chemical safety plan .............................................................................................24
3.3 Fire safety ....................................................................................................................28
3.3.1 Fire equipment: Provision and Maintenance..........................................................29
3.3.2 Internal Safety Teams ...........................................................................................31
3.3.3 Evacuation Drills & Training...................................................................................32
3.3.4 Layout, Equipment and Communication ................................................................33
3.4 Emergency Preparedness and Response ....................................................................35
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3.4.1 Natural Disasters ...................................................................................................35

3.5 Contractor Safety .........................................................................................................37
3.5.1 Risk Assessment ...................................................................................................37
3.5.2 Selection ................................................................................................................37
3.5.3 Training..................................................................................................................37
3.5.4. Contract ................................................................................................................37
3.6 Walking and Working Surfaces ....................................................................................38
3.6.1 How to Identify Slip/Trip/Fall Hazards ....................................................................38
3.6.2 How to Control Slip/Trip/Fall hazards ....................................................................40
3.7 Safety Signage .............................................................................................................42
SECTION FOUR Occupational Health and Sanitation Management .....................................46
4.1 Workplace Monitoring ..................................................................................................46
4.1.1 Limit of Substances Hazardous Exposure .............................................................46
4.1.2 Limit of Noise Exposure .........................................................................................46
4.1.3 Lighting ..................................................................................................................47
4.1.4 Vibration ................................................................................................................47
4.1.5 Extreme Temperatures ..........................................................................................48
4.2 Ergonomics ..................................................................................................................50
4.3 Industrial Ventilation .....................................................................................................51
4.3.1 General or Dilution Ventilation ...............................................................................51
4.3.2 Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) ............................................................................52
4.4 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) .........................................................................53
4.5 Occupational Health Practice .......................................................................................54
4.5.1 Structure of Health Surveillance Program..............................................................54
4.5.2 Medical Care .........................................................................................................56
4.5.3 First Aid .................................................................................................................56
4.6 Welfare Facilities and Sanitation ..................................................................................58
4.6.1 Sanitation and condition of Welfare Facilities ........................................................58
4.6.2 Drinking Water or Portable Water ..........................................................................59
4.6.3 Toilet Facilities .......................................................................................................59
4.6.4 Canteens/Kitchen Facilities ...................................................................................60
APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................60
A. Code of Conduct .......................................................................................................61
B. Permit to Work Form and Factory Incident Reporting ...............................................62
C. Glossary ...................................................................................................................65
REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................65
TABLE OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................67
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Introduction
The protection of the environment, in accordance with established environmental and social standards
has become an important topic in every industry, as well as in society in general. As a signatory of the
United Nations Global Compact, PUMA is committed to setting an example on reducing the impact on
the environment, both from own entities and within the supply chain, as well as, product usage and end
of life. PUMA requires that all our suppliers worldwide fulfil established environmental and social
standards.
While continuously optimizing the production process, PUMA also sets targets to reduce our
environmental footprint and mitigate negative impacts to the world’s ecosystem of our supply chain.
PUMA’s comprehensive and ambitious targets to reduce our environmental impact and become more
sustainable can be encompassed in the PUMA 10FOR20 Sustainability Targets, which are inspired by
the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and aligned with PUMAs majority shareholder,
Kering.
It is the responsibility of our vendors to ensure that all minimum legal requirements concerning labour,
worker health & safety, environment and product safety are fully complied with. However, our standards
may exceed the legal requirements of the national laws of the countries. These standards are explained
in the “PUMA Sustainability Handbooks”. Our guidelines for sustainability and environmental protection
are contained in the handbook “Environmental Standards”, the guidelines for Chemicals and
Restricted Substances are explained in the handbook “Chemical Management”, and finally the
handbooks “Social Standards” and “Occupational Health & Safety” elaborate in detail PUMA’s position
on labour and health and safety.
These four handbooks are subject to continuous updates, so suggestions and comments to improve
are welcome.
PUMA pursues contractual relationships with licensees and factories that have agreed to comply with
the guidelines set out in the PUMA Sustainability Handbooks. All PUMA factories are contractually
bound to pursue only business relationships with subcontractors that are in compliance with these
established guidelines and directives.
As a matter of course, transparency from suppliers is a minimum expectation. PUMA’s sustainability

team will work with suppliers to help address the root causes of non-compliance (for example via
various training and development projects) and this can only be done within a transparent context. Any
indication of false documentation or coaching of workers may have serious repercussions on the
business relationship with PUMA.
Legal Disclaimer:
The content of this handbook is not meant to replace local or national regulations, nor will following the
handbook guarantee all regulations are complied with. It remains the sole responsibility of our own
entities, vendors and their subcontractors to ensure compliance with all local and national regulations
at all times.
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SECTION ONE
Mission Statement & Occupational Health & Safety Policy
1.1 Mission Statement
PUMA’s mission Forever Faster is to be the fastest sports brand in the world. Faster is how PUMA SE
will work towards a more just and sustainable future, accelerating positive change in the industry and
the world. PUMA SE considers the best interest and welfare of the workers who make PUMA SE
products, the consumer and general public who uses our products and the environment that provides
the resources to make our products. PUMA SE aims to do this while striving to make our business
profitable in order to continuously provide the best benefits for all of our stakeholders.
1.2 Sustainability Strategy
In line with our “Forever Faster” transformation, PUMA has refined its
global sustainability strategy to balance the Economic, Social and
Environmental dimensions of sustainability (Figure 1) to achieve
sustainable business development. The new strategy includes a drive
to mainstream sustainability, create positive impact and ensure
industry alignment.
Figure 1: Three dimensions of PUMA Sustainability

Strategy
1.3 Sustainability Targets
Figure 2: PUMA 10for20 Sustainability Targets including the Health & Safety Target
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PUMA targets to reduce our environmental impact and become more sustainable are
encompassed in the PUMA 10FOR20 Sustainability Targets which are inspired by the United
Nations Sustainable Development Goals and alimented with PUMA’s majority shareholder,
Kering (See Figure 2). With the 10FOR20 targets we will create positive sustainability impact
within 10 focus areas.
Following a lifecycle approach starting from product design, we are setting a strong focus on
sourcing significant volumes of more sustainable raw materials. PUMA also encourage its
supplier chain to adopt Industry Good Practice in manufacturing processes and eventually
Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemical by 2020. Leading by example, PUMAs owned and
operated entities are obliged to meet equally ambitious reduction targets as those set for
established for suppliers.
In addition, corporate environmental accounting is used to quantify the external damage and
benefits caused by PUMA’s business activities. The PUMA Environmental Profit & Loss
Account not only puts a price tag on nature’s services, but also provides a useful tool to identify
where the largest environmental impacts lie and consequently how those can be optimized.
Acknowledging that we have mainly focused on environmental targets within our own sphere
of influence for the period from 2010 to 2015, we have now balanced this with adding health
and safety, human rights and governance targets for 2020 as well as shifting our focus deeper
into the supply chain.
Our PUMA Code of Conduct (Appendix A) lists our explicit requirements towards our own
entities as well as our vendors and their subcontractors. Maintaining good occupational health
and safety practices form an integral part of this Code of Conduct, which is closely monitored
by the PUMA Sustainability Team on a regular basis through compliance audits and other
means. For more details on this monitoring systems and our compliance audit process, please
refer to the PUMA Sustainability Handbook Social Standards.
1.4 Occupational Health and Safety Policy
PUMA, its vendors and their subcontractors, provide all employees with safe and healthy workplaces
and make any necessary effort to avoid damage to employee’s health. Likewise employees are
expected to support this OHS policy, as well as, follow all applicable laws and regulations related to
health and safety.
A safe workplace has a very high priority within PUMA. Bearing in mind that work accidents cause
personal tragedy and financial loss for the company, our aim is to have zero accidents for our own
operations as well in the contracted supplier production facilities of our supply chain.
Health and safety is a shared responsibility. It is the duty of each employee to immediately report to
their manager any hazardous conditions, injuries, accidents or illnesses related to the workplace.
PUMA encourages employees to play an active role in identifying hazards and to offer suggestions or
ideas to improve health and safety.
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We recognize that it requires permanent efforts to keep a safe and healthy work environment and we
are committed to continuously improving our performance. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
Committees are set up to monitor health and safety conditions and prevent accidents before they
happen. Where these committees are required by local law, the establishment, constitution and
maintenance of such should conform or exceed local requirements as necessary.
Management has specific responsibility for:
• Providing a safe and healthy working environment for the employees in their department;
• Proactively identifying and addressing hazards in a timely manner;
• Making health and safety a top priority;
• Regularly instructing their staff on OHS aspects and document these instructions.
Management is supported by the OHS committees and OHS specialists such as OHS engineers and
industrial medicine practitioners who carry out regular checks as deemed necessary to satisfy local law
and where necessary exceed it to achieve the aim of having zero accidents or work-related illnesses.
PUMA ensures that the OHS performance is monitored on a regular basis to document that our OHS
Policy and procedures meet our needs.
SECTION TWO
Occupational Health and Safety Management System
2.1 Management System
PUMA expects all owned entities as well as its Vendors and their subcontractors to implement an
Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS). An OHSMS is a set of procedures
and practices which can help to take control of the OHS program by using a consistent and systematic
approach. Management systems may be internally or externally certified, for example according to the
standard OHSAS 18001. The level and detail of the management systems used depends on the size
and complexity of the organization covered.
Generally, management systems follow a Plan- Do- Check -Act model and embody the principle of
continuous improvement.
The OHSMS must include (at least) the following elements:
• An OHS Policy which includes clear goals.

• An organizational structure with clear authorization to act on all health & safety issues as
necessary (OHS committee, OHS team with clear responsibilities, etc.)
• A risk assessment on occupational health and safety hazards and a corrective action plan
to address issues found.
• A program of implementation for various health & safety concerns
• Communication and training of staff in OHS issues
• Measurement of performance against established standards or regulations, collection of
KPIs (tracking and reporting).
• Continuous improvement goals and practices
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When an OHSMS is in place it is possible to:
• Control risks which may result in accidents;

• Reduce costs involved in cutting down errors and the costs of correcting them;
• Comply with all legal obligations and therefore commit less or no offenses to the regulation;
• Communicate the factory’s active commitment to doing things right, improving morale and
relations with the workers, as well as public authorities and business partners;
• Fulfil PUMA Sustainability standards on OHS and associated reporting of Key Performance
Indicators.
Both management and employees have to be actively involved in the planning, practice and evaluation
of the OHSMS. A strong commitment from the upper-management is needed to implement the system.
The Health and Safety Committee (HSC) plays a very important role in the effective implementation of
the OHSMS. It links the efforts of the safety representatives (e.g. industrial health practitioners, OHS
expert) and employees in order to ensure a safe environment.
• Perform • State the OSE

management Policy.
reviews.
• Include legal
• Implement requirements ents.
corrective and
prevention • Conduct risk
actions. Act Plan assessments.
• Set objective and
• Keep updated
goals
• Conduct internal •Implement the

controls to
• Monitor and Check Do procedures.
•Communicate
measure the policy.
• Use external and •Train employees,
internal •conduct Drills.
• Audits results. •Provide material
• Manage KPIs and PPE
Figure 3: Plan Do Check Act
2.2 Key Performance Indicators on Health and Safety
Besides ensuring compliance to legal as well as PUMA and industry standards, the tracking of relevant
KPIs will enable an organization or factory to track performance over time. For this purpose, PUMA
requires to track the following KPIs and monitor their trend over time:
- Number of total incidents with work stoppage per year

- Number of fatal accidents per year
- Number of reportable occupational diseases per year
- Injury Rate (rate of injuries with work stoppage per 100 full time employees and year)
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Additional Health and Safety KPIs that may be of interest and definitions of the terms incident, accident,
reportable diseases and injury rate are defined in Glossary (Appendix C).
2.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
The risk assessment is an important tool to protect employees, and businesses in general, as
reasonably as possible. It helps to focus on the risks with the highest potential to cause harm, so that
the most important things are solved firstly. Larger factories or factories with complex industrial
processes should consider securing the help of a qualified OHS engineering firm to conduct their risk
assessment. Normally the assessment follows these steps:
• Identification of the hazard (walking around the whole premises, listening to employees
concerns, looking at machines, the building structure and the Chemical Inventory as well as
identifying existing problems through studying the accident log and health records). Each
hazard should be studied to determine its level of risk.
• Identification of who might be harmed and how.
• Evaluation of the risk (% of workers exposed, frequency of exposure, degree of harm likely to
result) and existing preventive measures (what is already in place and what is missing to
eliminate or control the risk).
As extreme weather events and unstable social conditions occur with greater frequency and intensity,
it is important that such external factors are also included in the exercise of risk assessment to ensure
that the factory can develop appropriate responses.
Gravity of potential damages:
1. Low – Accident or disease without work stoppage

2. Medium – Accident or disease with work stoppage
3. Serious – Accident or disease leading to a permanent partial incapacity
4. Extreme – Fatal accident or disease
Exposure frequency of the workers:
1. Rare or unlikely – Exposure about once per year

2. Possible - Exposure about once per month
3. Frequent - Exposure about once per week
4. Very frequent – Daily or permanent exposure
The priority of hazards can be determined at the following chart:

PRIORITY 2 PRIORITY 2 PRIORITY 1 PRIORITY 1
Gravity of damages
4
Extreme (4) (8) (12) (16)
3
Serious (3) (6) (9) (12)
2
Medium (2) (4) (6) (8)
1
Low (1) (2) (3) (4)
1 2 3 4
Frequency of exposure
Rare or unlikely Possible Frequent Very frequent
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After the hazard identification and risk classifications the findings and counter measures to mitigate the
risk are documented in a formal Risk Assessment Report. Actions are defined to be implemented
according to the hazards’ priority, costs, and time required for its implementation (considering that
preventive costs are lower than repair-cost). Please refer to the hierarchy of risk control chart below.
Most national regulations require that hazards are managed in conformance to this hierarchy.
Highest Most
Level 1
Eliminate the Hazards

Level of health and safety protection
Reliability of control measures

Level 2
Substitute the Hazard with something

Safer
Isolate the Hazard from People
Reduce the Risk through

engineering controls
Level 3
Reduce exposure to the hazard using

administrative actions
Use personal protective equipment

Lowest Least
Elimination of a hazard must be the first priority as it is the most effective control. If this is not reasonably
practicable, risk must be minimized by working through the other alternatives in the hierarchy.
2.4 Control Measures
2.4.1 Level 1 Control Measures
The most effective control measure involves eliminating the hazard and associated risk. The best way
to do this is by, firstly, not introducing the hazard into the workplace. For example, you can eliminate
the risk of a fall from height by doing the work at ground level. Risk can also be eliminated by removing
the hazard completely, for example, by removing trip hazards on the floor or disposing of unwanted
chemicals.
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Eliminating hazards is often cheaper and more practical to achieve at the design or planning stage of
a product, process or place used for work. In these early phases, there is greater scope to design out
hazards or incorporate risk control measures that are compatible with the original design and functional
requirements. For example, a noisy machine could be designed and built to produce as little noise as
possible, which is more effective than providing workers with personal hearing protectors.
It may not be possible to eliminate a hazard if doing so means that you cannot make the end product
or deliver the service. If you cannot eliminate the hazard, then eliminate as many of the risks associated
with the hazard as possible.
If it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the hazards and associated risks, risks should be
minimized using one or more of the following approaches:
Substitute the hazard with something safer - For instance, replace solvent-based paints with water-
based ones.
Isolate the hazard from people - This involves physically separating the source of harm from people by
distance or using barriers. For instance, install guard rails around exposed edges and holes in floors;
use remote control systems to operate machinery; store chemicals in a fume cabinet.
Use engineering controls - An engineering control is a control measure that is physical in nature,
including a mechanical device or process. For instance, use mechanical devices such as trolleys or
hoists to move heavy loads; place guards around moving parts of machinery; install residual current
devices (electrical safety switches);
These control measures do not control the hazard at the source. They rely on human behaviour and
supervision, and used on their own, tend to be least effective in minimising risks. Two approaches to
reduce risk in this way are:
Use administrative controls - Administrative controls are work methods or procedures that are designed
to minimise exposure to a hazard. For instance, develop procedures on how to operate machinery
safely, limit exposure time to a hazardous task, and use signs to warn people of a hazard.
Use personal protective equipment (PPE) - Note that PPE use is considered the least reliable and
provides lowest levels of protection. PPE use is vulnerable to human error and should be considered
the last resort.
Reviewing the assessment and continuously update it (setting one fixed date for evaluation and
updating with every new equipment, substances, job positions and procedures introduced).
The risk assessment should be kept suitable and sufficient, not overcomplicated!
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Table 1: Risk assessment chart example
Working area: (Name of the analysed area)

Date: XX / XX / XXXX Drafter: (Name – Function)
Number of concerned employees: (Total number of employees exposed to the hazard)
Risk’s Existing
Hazardous Potential Risk’s Actions to
exposure Priority preventive
situations damages gravity implement
frequency measures
Name the Describe Define in Define in Define in Describe Which actions
activity / which type numeric numeric numeric which will be
workplace / of harm (s) terms terms from terms measures implement to
machine with could be from 1 to 1 to 4 as from 1 to are already in reduce /
potential to caused. 4 as from from step 3 as from place to control the
cause harm. step 3. 3. step 4. protect the risk?
employee.
Sewing Puncture Medium Frequent Priority Needle Train workers;
machine finger of 2 3 2 guards on regularly
(single-stitch, machine sewing monitor
overlock) operator machines completeness
of guards on
machines
For additional guidance on risk assessment methodologies and tools that maybe useful for your specific
needs, please refer to local health & safety authorities specializing in this area or refer to the section
on international resources at the back of this manual.
2.5 Health and Safety Committee
2.5.1 Objectives and Functions
Safety Committees have the function of keeping control over the measures taken to ensure the safety
and health of the employees at workplace. In carrying out this function, safety committees ought to
establish agreed objectives or terms of reference. An objective should be the promotion of co-operation
between employers and employees in initiating, developing and carrying out measures to ensure the
safety and health of the employees at work.
To ensure continuous improvement and permanent monitoring, a Health and Safety Committee should
be founded in every factory and comprise of:
• Chairman (Managerial Level)

• Members (Department/Section Heads, Workers representative, Health Officer or Company
Physician, Safety Officer)
Where local regulations specify a specific composition of members, the prescribed composition would
be considered a minimum requirement.
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Within the agreed basic objectives specific functions can be defined. These might include:
• The provision of a link with the Occupational Safety and Health Branch of the Labour
Department. Secure the necessary health and safety permits and ensure that all relevant
standards are complied with;
• The safety officer shall conduct regular safety inspections and ensure that all hazards are
eliminated/controlled. Adequacy of safety and health communication and awareness building
systems in the workplace;
• The study of accident and workplace illness statistics and trends, so that reports can be made
to management on unsafe and unhealthy conditions and practices, together with
recommendations for corrective action. Keep records of accidents and illnesses and relevant
activities in the factory;
• Conduct regular meetings at least once every three months with recorded meeting minutes.
Where the local requirement is less frequent than this, the Puma requirement applies;
• Develop training programs for all employees such as firefighting, emergency evacuation, first
aid and others;
• Organizing safety promotional activities such as safety competitions, exhibitions, film shows,
safety incentive schemes and safety suggestions.
2.5.2 Health and Safety Committee Training
Members of the health and safety committee will need training to enable them to carry out their role
and responsibilities effectively. Such training may include:
• Health and safety basics

• Hazardous materials
• Hazard identification
• Workplace inspection
• Effective meeting
• Problem solving
• Refresher training
2.6 Incident Investigation and Reporting at Workplace
2.6.1 General Introduction
An incident is an unplanned event that result in personal injury or property damage which is worthy of
recording. All incidents must be reported appropriately according to PUMA and company reporting
procedures. These incidents include but are not limited to:
• fatalities (to anybody);

• a major injury (to employees);
• a person not at work (e.g. a member of the public) being taken immediately from the scene to
hospital for treatment;
• employees contracting certain diseases;
• A specific dangerous occurrence
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In case of incident an assessment should be carried out to determine what the first aid needs actually
are. The assessment should identify whether first aides are required. If it is decided that they are not,
employers must, as a minimum, provide ‘appointed persons’ who will take charge in the event of an
injury or illness, and be responsible for the first aid equipment.
2.6.2 Incident Investigation
As well as setting up a system to report incident you should also ensure that arrangements are put into
place to investigate their causes and take corrective action where necessary. The benefits from
investigating incident include:
• Reduced likelihood of a similar incident occurring;

• Fulfilment of statutory obligations to report the incident, where applicable;
• Development of effective monitoring procedures and assistance in decision-making, planning
and future resource allocation;
• Provision of feedback in the development of safe systems of work.
The company policy should, therefore, be to investigate:
• All incidents and dangerous occurrences (an incident that resulted in a minor injury could often
have easily caused a more serious injury);
• All cases of reportable diseases. Reportable diseases are diseases considered to be of great
public health importance
• As many near misses as possible (a near miss incident could have been an incident and should
therefore be investigated).
This will allow the company to:
• Establish the circumstances surrounding the incident;

• Draw conclusions as to the causes;
• Consider appropriate action to prevent a recurrence.
2.6.3 Recording Information (establishing the circumstances)
Gather as much factual information as possible early on in the investigation. This typically should
include:
• The names of persons involved, including witnesses;

• The personal details of the injured person (and/or details of ill-health or damage to plant) and
the extent of the injuries/damage/ill-health;
• The type of work being performed;
• The exact location of the incident: photographs, sketches and/or plans may prove useful;
• The time and date of the incident;
• The working conditions at the time of the incident (e.g. weather, ground conditions, lighting,
etc.);
• Interviews with the injured persons and witnesses: it is important that interviews are carried out
as soon as possible to ensure accuracy;
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• How the incident occurred, including probable causes.
The investigation of notifiable accidents should always be carried out right after the occurrence of the
accidents. Supporting material such as sketches, photographs and written statements should be
attached into the accident investigation report
2.6.4 Determining the Causes of an Incident
Once the necessary information has been gathered on the circumstances surrounding the incident, the
investigator will then need to determine the causes. It is important to look beyond the immediate cause
of an accident in order to identify the contributory and underlying causes.
In general, the immediate or direct causes of incidents usually relate to:
a) An unsafe condition in the workplace such as poor housekeeping, defective machinery,

inadequate lighting, ineffective control measures; and/or
b) Unsafe acts carried out by employees such as failure to use personal protective equipment or
using unauthorized equipment, etc.
These immediate causes often arise as a result of one or more contributory or underlying causes which
generally relate to the working arrangements in place and the way the organization is run, usually
relating to management control. Examples include unsafe systems of work, an inadequate safety policy
and a lack of training.
All causes of the accidents, when identified, should be entered in the report form (PS-Incident- 001 &
PS-Incident-002) (see Annex for the form).
2.6.5 Taking Appropriate Corrective Action
Attempt should be made to identify suitable corrective actions for all the causes identified. In some
cases, it may be possible to remedy the cause immediately, such as replacing a missing machine
guard, disposing of a hazardous chemical, repairing defective Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV), etc.
When it has been decided on what corrective actions are required, the details should be entered in the
report form (PS-Accident-001 & PS-Accident-002).
The corrective actions should be completed within the time-limits recorded in the report form and when
they are completed, the completion date should also be entered.
It is recommended that some form of review is made of any actions taken to ensure that it has been
correctly implemented and is effective.
2.6.6 Circulating the Results of the Investigation
To obtain the full benefits of the investigation, the results should be circulated to those persons who
may need to act on them and to those who might find them of interest and of use.
This could include:
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• Managers and supervisors including not only those working in the area where the incident
occurred, but also those in other departments where similar work processes are carried out or
similar equipment used, etc.;
• Personnel staff including those responsible for implementing new training arrangements and
changes in job descriptions, etc.;
• Other relevant persons including safety representatives, safety committee members and safety
advisers, where appointed.
• PUMA Sourcing/Production management located at or otherwise not located but responsible
for the factory.
• PUMA Sustainability Team
2.6.7 Training
If the accident reporting and investigation procedures are to be successful, all persons involved must
be competent to carry out their roles:
• employees must be informed of the reporting procedure, the location of the accident book and
how entries are made in it;
• Supervisors and managers must be informed of their roles and responsibilities in an
investigation and, if applicable, their role in accident notification under local laws and
regulations.
Suitable training must then be provided to ensure that these duties will be properly carried out.
For more serious or complex incidents, a member of senior management or an external safety specialist
may need to be involved.
During accident investigation training it is important to emphasize that the overall purpose is to establish
the circumstances surrounding an accident and to identify measures that would help prevent a
recurrence, not to allocate blame.
SECTION THREE
Safety Management
3.1 General Machinery Equipment and Tool Safety
3.1.1 Machine Guarding
Moving machine parts have the potential for causing severe workplace injuries. Therefore, any machine
part, function, or process that may cause injury must be safeguarded. When the operation of a machine
or accidental contact with it can injure the operator or others in the vicinity, the hazards must be either
controlled or eliminated.
Examples of preventative measures are:
• Designing the machine to have no dangerous parts or no exposed dangerous parts. The
following items are listed in order of preference, and may be used in combination:
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o Eliminating the cause of the danger;

o Reducing or eliminating the need for people to approach the dangerous part(s) of the
machine;
o Making access to the dangerous parts difficult (or providing safety devices so that
access does not lead to injury);
o The provision of protective clothing or equipment;
o Fail-safe mechanism is in place to protect the operators.
• Making any dangerous parts of the machine inaccessible to people. To do this the guarding
system should incorporate the following principles:
o Select the appropriate guard for the particular machine;
o Ensure that the guard cannot be removed or defeated;
o Ensure that the guard does not constitute a secondary hazard;
o Preference should always be given to the simplest type of guard, that is, a fixed guard
with no moving parts.
• Training the machine operators (and all personnel who may approach the machine) in the
appropriate operating safety procedures. Ensuring that the operators understand the
procedures and that they use them at all times.
Safeguards must meet the following minimum general requirements to protect a worker against
mechanical hazards:
• The safeguard must prevent hands, arms, and any other part of a worker’s body from making
contact with dangerous moving parts;
• Workers should not be able to easily remove or tamper with the safeguard;
• The safeguard should ensure that no objects can fall into moving parts;
• Create no new hazard;
• Create no interference
Fixed guards provide the highest standard of protection, and should be used, where practical, where
access to the dangerous area is not required during normal operation. The following gives guidance on
the selection of safeguards:
• Where access to the danger area is not required during normal operation:
o Fixed guard, where practical
o Distance guard
o Trip device
• Where access to the danger area is required during normal operation:
o Interlocking guard
o Automatic guard
o Trip device
o Adjustable guard
o Self-adjusting guard
o Two-hand control
3.1.2 Elevators and Lifts
Elevator means a permanent hoisting and lowering mechanism with a car or, platform moving vertically
in guides and serving two or more floors of a structure. The term excludes such devices as conveyors,
Page 18 of 67
tiring or piling machines, material hoists, skip or furnace hoists, wharf ramps, lift bridges, car lifts and
dumpers.
• Valid safety inspection certificate or copy should be posted in each elevator.

• Each elevator should have a sign indicating if it is intended for passenger or freight use and its
load capacity.
• Elevator Use Safety Tips should be posted in each elevator and appropriate warning signage
regarding the dangers of using elevators during emergency situations (e.g. "in case of
fire/emergency do not use") should be posted outside the elevator door at each level.
• Elevators should have doors, and the doors should be equipped with interlock devices that
prevent the door from opening unless the elevator is present.
• Elevators should be wired to be inoperable when the doors are open.
• Emergency call device or other communications tools should be installed in each elevator.
3.1.3 Powered Industrial Trucks
Powered industrial trucks, commonly called forklifts or lift trucks, are used in daily operation, primarily
to move materials. They can be used to move, raise, lower, or remove large objects or a number of
smaller objects on pallets or in boxes, crates, or other containers for short distances.
• Understand the characteristics and capacity of the forklift thoroughly and never overload it.
• Travel only at a safe speed, particularly over uneven ground. Respect speed limitations.
• Forklift should not be used as a crane unless the correct accessory is fitted and the weight of
the object plus accessory is less than the capacity of the truck.
• Never raise or lower the forks while moving (CDC 20011)
• Only use the allowed roadways when travelling in order to reduce the risk of colliding with
people.
• Forklift should have warning lights and audible signals for reverse travel.
• Forklift should be equipped with rollover protection, protection against falling objects, and seat
belts or other restraints for the operator.
• Prohibit workers under 18 years of age from operating forklift trucks in non-agricultural
operations.
3.1.4 Electrical Safety
Electricity, if not inspected, can lead to serious work place hazards exposing employees to
electrocution, electric shock, electrical burns, fire, fall and explosions
Some general rules should be observed when dealing with electrical safety:
1 http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2001-109/default.html
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• Only authorized personnel, licensed for electrical work, are permitted to repair, adjust, test or
service electrical equipment. In certain regions, this would entail that the factory hire an external
certified contractor.
• Follow applicable local and national codes and regulations at all times. Live electrical equipment
or electrical component parts must be grounded, isolated or provided with some other means
of protection to prevent potential exposure to employees.
• All electrical equipment must be in safe condition before using. Remove defective equipment
by maintenance department until it is repaired or replaced.
• Personal portable electrical equipment, such as heaters, etc. must be approved prior to use.
• Do not overload electrical equipment or electrical outlets. Only use approved extension cords
and outlets.
• Only use extension cords that are intended for the equipment and conditions associated with
the operation. Cords must be grounded and inspected prior to use to assure proper grounding.
• Electrical devices like junction boxes and distribution panels must be closed, undamaged and
not be misused for direct connection with machines.
• Wires must be well insulated, replaced if damaged, protected against mechanical damage and
damage from heat where necessary.
• Clear warning sign should be erected at high voltage area to avoid any “non-authorized access”
and “improper storage inside the high voltage area”. Warning signs should be installed on all
equipment and facilities required by law.
• Regular maintenance and inspection program should be carried out for all electrical equipment.
The frequency of inspections depends on the local country regulations, type of equipment, the
environment it is used in and the frequency of use. Related maintenance records /external
inspection reports should be kept as required.
• All employees must be trained in
Identify all electrical safety rules and reporting
activities
related procedures for electrical deficiencies.
Provide Ensure to
standard- train all 3.1.5 Control of hazardous energy
ized related
devices workers (Lockout/Tag out)
Written
prevention
program "Lockout/Tag out (LOTO)" refers to
Monitor Evaluate
specific practices and procedures to
authorized program safeguard employees from the
workers each year
unexpected re-energizing or start-up of
Perform by
authorized machinery and equipment, or the
worker release of hazardous energy during
only
service or maintenance activities.
• Factories must have a written lock-out/tag-out and maintenance procedures to keep

maintenance personnel and equipment operators safe during operations such as lubricating,
clear or un-jamming of machines, needle changes, or changing of dies or machine parts.
• Each piece of machinery or equipment must have its own electrical, pneumatic, or hydraulic
disconnect switch or valve so that the individual machine or piece of equipment can be
isolated from the others.
General Lock-Out/Tag-Out Procedure
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Target Repairs Restore Notify affected

identification,
complete proper
and/or equipment to workers and all
application process adjustments service other workers
Test to make sure Replace all covers

Notify all related equipment is Test equipment
isolated and de-
and safety
workers again.
energized devices.
Inspect Turn equipment

Shutdown Lock/Tag all related energy source(s)
parts
equipment/all back to the “ON”
Equipment
tools position
Isolate all
Block and/or Verify all workers
associated energy Remove locks and
restrict all are clear of the
sources/discharge tags
machine parts equipment
the stored energy
Figure 4: Lock out/Tag out procedure
Developing and implementing a written prevention program at least including the following:
Training must ensure that employees understand the purpose, function, and restrictions of the energy-
control program. Employers must provide training specific to the needs of "authorized," "affected," and
"other" employees.
"Authorized" employees are those responsible for implementing the energy-control procedures or
performing the service or maintenance activities. They need the knowledge and skills necessary for the
safe application, use, and removal of energy-isolating devices.
"Affected" employees (usually machine operators or users) are employees who operate the relevant
machinery or whose jobs require them to be in the area where service or maintenance is performed.
All other employees whose work operations are or may be in an area where energy-control
procedures.
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"Authorized" "Affected" All "other"

employees employees employees
• Hazardous energy source • Recognize when the energy- • Instruction regarding the
recognition; control procedure is being energy-control procedure
• The type and magnitude of the used, • The prohibition against
hazardous energy sources in • Understand the purpose of the removing a lockout or tagout
the workplace; and procedure, and device and attempting to
• Energy-control procedures, • Understand the importance of restart, reenergize, or operate
including the methods and not tampering with lockout or the machinery
means to isolate and control tagout devices and not starting
those energy sources. or using equipment that has
been locked or tagged out.
3.1.6 Permit to Work
Normally there are four types of “Permit to work”
Confined space
•large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform
assigned work;
•Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit ( for example, tanks, vessels, silos,
storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that have limited means of
entry.);
•not designed for continuous employee occupancy.
Hot work
•Any process that can be a source of ignition when flammable material is present or
can be a fire hazard regardless of the presence of flammable material in the
workplace.
•Common hot work processes are welding, soldering, cutting and brazing. When
flammable materials are present, industrial processes such as grinding and drilling
become hot work processes.
Working at height
•Work in any place over 6 feet
Excavation work
•Any man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in the Earth’s surface formed by
earth removal.
•*Each employee proceed excavation work or work nearby shall be protected from a
cave-in/fall-in by an adequate protective system.
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It recognizes that certain environmental conditions within “Permit-required Work” area are capable of
causing serious injury and/or death to anyone who enters the spaces without taking proper
precautionary measures.
Factory has established a permit authorization system to ensure that all hazards are evaluated and that
appropriate safety measures and controls are taken prior to and during each entry into “Permit-required
Work” area. (See Appendix B)
Each cancelled/completed permit and relating documents as permit-required work training, incident,
medical, and risk assessment shall be documented and retained for one year by the department
conducting or supervising the entry to allow for auditing of the program’s effectiveness.
Training
All employees who are authorized as permit-required work supervisors, attendants and operators, sub-
contractor personnel shall be trained and certified in these operating procedures. The training shall be
performed upon initial assignment of personnel and refresher training will be conducted annually. The
training can be conducted by the department manager/supervisor or can be coordinated through the
Safety Department. The training shall include: a) Definition of a permit-required work; b) Hazards and
control measures; c) Work procedures; d) Responsibilities of the entrant and attendant; and e.
Rescue/Emergency procedures.
3.2 Chemical Safety Management2.
Every worker has both the need and the right to know the hazards and identities of substances /
chemicals they are exposed to, when at work. It is important to implement a documented chemical
safety plan, no matter the number of chemicals used at the factory or their levels of hazard.
• Perform Hazard Assessment:

Prior to the usage of new chemicals, assessment of potential hazards must be completed. Specific
guidelines and protection procedures should be developed based on the assessment. The result of
the assessment should be documented and communicated to specific workers whose work involved
the chemicals. Supervisors should develop and promulgate process specific guidelines and
protective procedures. If not conducted yet, hazard assessment needs to be completed,
documented and communicated.
• Minimize Chemical Exposures :
In order to minimize risk to chemical exposures, several steps of control measure should be taken,
including: substitution (wherever possible), engineering controls, administrative controls and the
usage of proper personal protective equipment.
• Provide Adequate Ventilation :
2Please refer also to the PUMA Handbook on Chemicals Management and its provisions regarding following the
Manufacturing Restricted Substances List of the ZDHC as well as the target of Zero Discharge of Hazardous
Chemicals by 2020
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The best way to prevent exposure to airborne substances is to prevent their escape into the working
atmosphere by use of exhaust fans, hoods and other ventilation devices. All workstations where
chemicals are used (like spot cleaning) must be isolated (by way of providing a separate enclosure)
and should be strategically located near windows or other openings. Exhaust air must be completely
removed from the workplace into the outside or filtered.
3.2.1 Chemical safety plan
The major elements of a chemical safety plan are discussed below.
• Procurement and distribution
Whenever a request for procurement (replacement or replenishment) of chemical is raised the

following should be confirmed (with internal staff and vendor, as required).
o Assurance that the vendor will choose the chemical with least hazardous, amongst available
options, for this process
o Where it is going to be used
o Assurance that engineering controls, if required, are adequate
o Containers without adequate labels, identifying the contents of the container and associated
hazards, should not be accepted. Chemicals will be issued to authorize requestors only.
o Appropriate equipment like hand pumps should be used to transfer chemicals from one
container to the other. Crude methods like pouring from container to container directly using
hose without suction arrangement can lead to spillage / exposure and should be strictly
avoided.
• Chemical Storage
o Chemicals should be stored in a location earmarked for the purpose and the said location
should comply with the guidelines provided below (according to the size of the chemical storage
room).
• Emergency lighting
o Chemical storage area shall be provided with adequate emergency lights with a minimum of
one hour individual battery backup.
o Floors and aisles
Floor finish should be anti-slip and made impermeable.
Protected against spillages to the outside, ground or groundwater.
Aisles should be at least 1,1m wide.
Doors should not directly open into passageways.
o Exits/Entrances
Both regular exits and emergency exits shall be marked clearly.
Doorways shall be unobstructed and swing in the direction of the escape.
Exits should be entirely free of the presence of hazardous materials.
o Ventilation
Chemical storage area should be ventilated separately from the rest of the building and
exhausts must be terminated at a safe distance from the building.
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Storage area should be ventilated by at least four changes of air per hour. Isolate the
chemical storage exhaust from the building ventilation system.
o Storage
Stored chemicals should be arranged in compatible families rather than in alphabetical
order.
Avoid storing chemicals on shelves above eye level.
Chemicals must be located far away from water sources.
Appropriate secondary containment arrangement need to be provided.
Chemicals stored at workplace or at mixing area should not exceed the maximum
amount of the daily usage at workplace.
Here are some guidelines for classifying chemicals and their corresponding storage
method:
Figure 6: Chemical storage
• Other facilities
Class of Recommended Incompatibles Chemical Example

Chemicals Storage Method
Corrosive - Acids Store in a separate Flammable liquids Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric
(Inorganic) protected acid storage and solids, Bases, acid, chromic acid, nitric
cabinet (DO NOT store oxidizers, Organic acid
on metal shelves) acids
Corrosive - Acids Store in a separate Flammable liquids Acetic acid, Lactic acid,
(Organic) protected acid storage and solids, Bases, Trichloroacetic acid
cabinet (DO NOT store oxidizers, Inorganic
on metal shelves) acids
Bases Store in a separate Flammable liquids, Potassium hydroxide,
storage cabinet Oxidizers, poisons, Sodium hydroxide
and acids
Flammable Store in a flammable Acids, Bases, Acetone, Benzene,
(Liquid and Solid) storage cabinet, dry Oxidizers, and Methanol, Toluene,
cool area poisons Solvents
Oxidizers Store in non- Reducing agent, Sodium hypochlorite,
combustible cabinet Flammables, organic potassium permanganate,
with secondary materials and Peroxides, Nitrates,
containment combustibles Percholorates
Water Reactive Store in dry, cool Oxidizers and water Sodium metal, Potassium
Chemicals location protected from metal, Lithium aluminum
hydride
Page 25 of 67
sprinkler system, label

WATER REACTIVE
o Tri-Class ABC and size (minimum 5.5 Kg gross weight) fire extinguishers should be in the
chemical stores area. A fire alarm calling point is mandatory. An eyewash station along with
provision for head shower and fire blanket should be provided. Care needs to be taken in
deciding the location of eyewash station and proper means of draining water without wetting
storage area must be established. A Separate storage area for PPEs like aprons, nose-masks,
goggles should be provided within the facility. A separate wash area near the exit of the
chemical storage area should be provided with adequate supplies of soap solution and towels.
o Proper drain facilities to be provided and ensure that the chemical storage drain does not go to
the general drain or into the soil below the storage.
o An "Authorized Personnel Only" sign must be displayed at the entrance.
• Housekeeping, maintenance and inspection of the chemicals room
o Cleaning
Floor and equipment should be cleaned regularly
Employees involved in housekeeping activities at the chemical storage area need to be
properly trained to carry such activities in a safe manner.
o Inspections
Chemical safety inspections need to be conducted, at least once every quarter, to
ensure that adequate safety equipment is available and functioning, personal protection
is available, chemicals are properly stored, and MSDSs are readily available, good
housekeeping is being practiced and that the spill kit and first aid kits are adequately
stocked.
Chemical safety inspections will have to be documented showing details of necessary
corrective actions taken.
• First aid kit in the chemicals room and medical examination
o First aid kit
Need to ensure that a first aid box with all required contents is provided at the chemical
storage area.
At least two employees, who are regularly employed in or near the chemical storage,
must be provided training to administer first aid and on procedures to be followed upon
exposure of chemicals.
o Medical examination
Workers whose nature of job (spot cleaning and printing workers, workers involved in
housekeeping of the chemical storage area etc) exposes them to chemicals need to go
through a medical examination, at least once annually.
Results of such medical examinations and measures taken to reduce exposure, with
respect to those workers whose medical examinations reveal negative impact, must be
documented.
• Personal protective clothing and equipment to be used handling chemicals
o Factory should provide proper Personal Protective Equipment and clothing in accordance with
Material Safety Data Sheet for each chemical.
• Communication – Signage and label of chemicals
o Notice and signs
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All communication must be in the regional

language as understood by majority of the
workers. Prominent signs and labels of the
following types shall be posted.
Emergency telephone numbers.
Location signs for eyewash and head
shower, fire extinguishers, spill kit and first
aid kit.
Warning signs at areas or equipment where
special or unusual hazards exist.
o Labels and labelling
All chemical containers (irrespective of size
or familiarity) shall be labelled in the regional
language as understood by majority of the Figure 5: Chemical Labelling
workers.
The label shall, at a minimum, contain the following information:
Name of chemical - Trade name and chemical name

Hazard warning - includes physical hazards, e.g., flammable,
combustible liquid, compressed gas
Health hazards, e.g., corrosive, carcinogenic, toxic, etc.
Safety tips when handling or storing the chemicals, e.g. using gas masks
and rubber gloves, etc.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
The safety data sheet is specifically aimed at use in the workplace. It should provide comprehensive
information about the chemical product that allows employers and workers to obtain concise, relevant
and accurate information that can be put in perspective with regard to the hazards, uses and risk
management of the chemical product in the workplace. The MSDS should contain 16 sections. While
there were some differences in existing industry recommendations, and requirements of countries,
there was widespread agreement on a 16 section SDS that includes the following headings in the order
specified:
1. Identification 9. Physical and chemical properties

2. Hazard(s) identification 10. Stability and reactivity
3. Composition/ information on 11. Toxicological information
ingredients 12. Ecological information
4. First-aid measures 13. Disposal considerations
5. Fire-fighting measures 14. Transport information
6. Accidental release measures 15. Regulatory information
7. Handling and storage 16. Other information
8. Exposure control/ personal protection
All chemicals used should be in line with PUMA’s (Manufacturing)

Restricted Substances List as detailed in the PUMA Sustainability Handbook
– Chemicals Management
Page 27 of 67
• Information and training on the use of chemicals

o The objective of training and information dissemination is to assure that all individuals at risk
are adequately informed about the work involving chemicals, its risks, and what to do if an
exposure occurs. Hazard communication training is required of all employees who handle,
transport or use chemicals, or who work in areas where chemicals are stored.
o Such information shall be provided at the time of the employee’s initial assignment to a work
area where hazardous chemicals are present or during the induction session, in case of fresh
recruits.
• Chemicals disposal
Safe disposal of hazardous wastes can be time-consuming and expensive. Every effort should
be made to limit the amount of hazardous wastes generated. Wherever possible, factory
management should plan processes carefully and order only what is required. Factory
management should ensure that waste disposal (like dry sludge from the effluent treatment
plant, used machine oil, etc.) is done in strict accordance to the provisions of local law.
o Unwanted chemicals and related wastes should be disposed of promptly, by using appropriate
procedures. Such materials, as well as chemicals that are no longer needed, should not
accumulate in the laboratory.
o Hazardous chemicals must be packaged for disposal as follows:
Containers must be suitable for contents Example: Hydrofluoric acid in plastic bottles.
Containers must be tightly closed.
Do not overfill containers; expanding vapours may cause containers to break.
Containers must not be damaged.
Cracked caps should be completely sealed with plastic tape.
Containers must be labelled.
3.3 Fire safety
Fire is the most common type of emergency that can arise in a factory and can be a subject of major
concern, if appropriate fire safety measures are not followed strictly. A fire safety management system,
as detailed below, should be in place to ensure fire safety at all times.
A fire safety management system at workplace should be made up of four key elements summarized
in the chart below. This can be adapted for other emergency situations for the facility
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FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM
FIRE EQUIPMENT – INTERNAL FIRE SAFETY EVACUATION LAYOUT, EQUIPMENT

PROVISION and TEAMS DRILLS and TRAINING and COMMUNICATION
MAINTENANCE
STATUTORY COMPLIANCE COMMUNICATION TEAM STATUTORY COMPLIANCE LAYOUT and EQUIPMENT

and APPROVALS FIRE FIGHTING TEAM WITH RESPECT TO STANDARDS
PERIODIC PREVENTIVE EVACUATION TEAM PERIODICITY FIRE SAFETY SIGNAGE
MAINTENANCE MEDICAL TEAM SCOPE and
DOCUMENTATION OF DOCUMENTATION OF
MAINTENANCE EVACUATION DRILLS
Figure 7: Fire safety management system
3.3.1 Fire equipment: Provision and Maintenance
Fire safety equipment must be provided in the factory in such numbers and types so as to fulfil legal
requirements at the minimum. It must be ensure that they are readily accessible to the employees or
authorized employees at all times. These include but are not limited to:
Portable fire extinguishers
• Adequate number and suitable type of portable fire extinguishers must be provided in every
section of the factory, based on the type of fire risk involved.
• Only approved portable fire extinguishers shall be used to meet the requirements of this
section
• The employer shall assure that portable fire extinguishers are maintained in a fully charged
and operable condition and kept in their designated places at all times except during use.
• Type of fire extinguishers (see table below)
Table 2 Fire Extinguishers type should use 3
3
Source:http://www.femalifesafety.org/types-of-fires.html;
Page 29 of 67
Fire Class & Class A Class B Class C Class D Class K

Material
Involved
Ordinary Flammable Electrical Combustible Cooking oils

combustibles liquids metals and greases
equipment
such as wood, such as such as wiring, such as such as animals

paper, cloth, gasoline, fuse boxes, magnesium, fats and
trash, and petroleum oil energized titanium, vegetable fats.
plastics. and paint. electrical potassium, and
equipment, sodium require
computers, and special
other electrical extinguishers
Fire
sources. labelled D.
Extinguishers
type should use
Water - Air-
pressurized
Water
Extinguishers
(APW)
Carbon Dioxide
Extinguishers
(CO2)
Multi-purpose -
Dry Chemical
Extinguishers
Water and foam
fire extinguishers
Dry and wet

Chemical
Extinguishers for
kitchen fires
• Important Notes:
1. DO NOT use water to extinguish flammable liquid fires & electrical fire. In case, there is
electrical fire, the electrical equipment must be unplugged or de-energized before using
water extinguisher for fire response.
2. It is not recommended to use CO2 for Class A fires, they may continue to smoulder and
re-ignite after the CO2 dissipates.
3. DO NOT use CO2 extinguishers in confined space where workers working without
proper respiratory protection.
Fire alarm calling points
• Electrically operated fire alarm system (battery backup should be provided).
Page 30 of 67
• One or two fire alarm call-points need to be provided on every floor / section of the factory
which should be installed along aisle/escape route or near exits.
• The wiring arrangement of the alarm system should be centralized per building as such that
all the hooters are activated when any one of the call points is raised.
• Fire alarm system must raise a sound that is unique and distinct from lunch bell, bell raised to
signify shift start or shift end.
Fire hydrants, smoke detectors and automatic sprinkler system
• Fire hydrant points of appropriate number (as specified by local law) need to be provided
• Smoke detectors and automatic sprinkler system needs to be provided (if mandatory by
provisions of local law)
Other firefighting equipment (if legally mandatory)
• Sand and water buckets

• Manila rope
• Fire resistant helmets, gloves, boots and clothing
• Fire Blankets
Ancillary escape equipment
A specialized escape equipment maybe needed when fighting fires in specific conditions. It is important
to assess if it is feasible and practical to invest in these equipment, such as harnesses or fire trucks,
depending on the capacity of local fire-fighting authorities. All specialized equipment need to be used
only by fully trained and authorized personnel.
Periodic preventive maintenance
All fire equipment must undergo regular preventive maintenance to ensure that they are in good working
condition at all times. For this, the following must be noted:
• Preventive maintenance program should be in place,

• Procedures, protocols and accountability of preventive maintenance, with respect to fire
equipment, must be clearly documented and communicated,
• Maintenance checks needs to be properly documented.
3.3.2 Internal Safety Teams
Depending on the size of the factory, employees from every section of the factory should be organized
into different teams to handle exiting during an emergency, as detailed below.
Members of the communication team will be responsible for communicating the

Communication emergency to external bodies like fire brigade, calling for medical assistance,
team etc. The members of this team must be trained and informed about emergency
numbers, content of communication calls, etc.
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Firefighting team members will be the ones who will stop the fire, using available
firefighting equipment like extinguishers, fire buckets etc. Time is critical in any
fire situation, so members of this team must be very well trained and be able to
take fast decisions with confidence. Though there are cases where facilities have
Firefighting
complete firefighting equipment including fire trucks because local official
team/Fire
firefighting capacity is ill-equipped or too distant, it is not expected that the
Brigades
firefighting teams would be solely responsible for putting out a major fire. Where
the capacity of local firefighting authorities maybe inadequate or help is delayed,
it is crucial that firefighting teams only fight the kind of fires they are equipped
and trained to manage
This team would primarily be responsible for smooth evacuation and would be
trained in evacuation activities like aiding physically challenged, pregnant
women, the elderly and persons with difficulties to evacuate. Occupants of
Evacuation team
welfare facilities on-site, such as children in crèches/day care should be given
highest priority and therefore designated caretakers must be fully trained. They
would also be responsible for ensuring that 100% of the people evacuate.
This team will be responsible for assessing the need for and providing first aid,
Medical team
as required.
It is crucial that all personnel, including subcontractors working in the facility, are aware that only
authorized and trained personnel should be performing specific safety functions. It is crucial that the
safety policy and procedures is immediately taught to all personnel including subcontractors on the first
day of work. Good-intentioned employees that attempt to handle certain kinds of emergencies may put
themselves and others in danger.
3.3.3 Evacuation Drills & Training
Evacuation drills
Evacuation scenarios for all forms of emergencies as identified in the risk assessment, not just fire,
should be included in all emergency drills. Evacuation drills and fire safety training need to be held
periodically, following requirements of safety laws and regulations.
Evacuation drills must be held at least as often as the safety and labour laws prescribe but will be held
at least annually. Objectives of holding periodic evacuation drills are:
• To identify any weaknesses in the evacuation strategy;

• To test the procedure after any recent changes in the factory layout, working practices etc.;
• To familiarize new employees with evacuation procedures;
• To identify weaknesses in emergency procedures and systems.
Evacuation drills would be conducted to cover all the sections of the factory. Wherever applicable, such
drills shall be conducted separately at the dormitories during day time period and at night when workers
are staying inside the rooms.
Evacuation drills should be properly documented in the form of an evacuation drill log, providing all
necessary information such as number of employees and visitors present, time taken for 100%
evacuation, etc.
The following should be kept in mind before a drill is conducted:
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• Communicate details concerning the drill and inform people of their duty to participate. It may
not be beneficial to have ‘surprise’ drills as the health and safety risks that may arise may
outweigh the benefits. Ensure that this type of exercise is coordinated with the respective
authorities;
• Ensure that emergency services (fire brigade etc.) are aware they do not have to respond to
the actions of the communication team. It would be beneficial if officials are present to
observe the proceedings;
• Make sure that maintenance staff and / or service company representatives are available to
restore services and plants (such as mains, boilers, generators etc.).
Fire Safety Training
Basic fire safety training needs to be held periodically, provided to all employees upon their orientation
training and regularly thereafter. It would include as minimum requirements:
• Training on fire hazards at their workplace,

• Training on evacuation route & exits,
• Training on the location & how to use fire alarm calling point or other alarm activation methods.
Fire-fighting team - for those employees who are expected to be trained as members of firefighting
team must receive annual training. The minimum requirement of training must be included:
• Training on use of fire extinguishers and other related equipment,

• Training on communication during fire emergencies,
• Training on providing specific first aid during fire emergencies,
Specific physical and psychological requirements need to be taken into consideration when identifying
employees for training. For example, an employee who is physically weak or mentally hesitant to fight
fire should not be trained and retained in the firefighting team.
3.3.4 Layout, Equipment and Communication
Following clauses on layout, fire equipment installation standards and fire safety communication need
to be followed.
Layout
1. Exit route: is a continuous & unobstructed path of exit travel from any point within workplace to
designated assembly point.
• There must be at least 2 exit routes on every workplace to ensure the prompt evacuation of
employees at the workplace,
• The location of exit routes must be as far away as practical from each other so that if one exit
route is blocked by fire or smoke, employees can evacuate by using the 2nd exit route.
• An additional exit route is required in workplace if the number of employees, building size and
its occupancy or the arrangement of the workplace will not allow all employees to evacuate
safely during emergency case.
• An exit route must meet the minimum of height & width requirements:
• Ceiling: must be at least at 2.3m high.
• Exit access: must be at least 71.1cm wide at all points. Where there is only one exit access
leading to an exit or exit discharge, the width of the exit and exit discharge must be at least
equal to the width of the exit access
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• Care needs to be taken to ensure that all exits are kept unobstructed (whether temporary or
permanent) at all times.
One exit will be considered sufficient for rooms where less than 30 people at
work. In particular, this also applies to workplace which can be deemed to
only have one room, for example open plan mezzanine floors.
2. Exit route doors
• Shall open outwards and will not open into aisles and walkways,
• Shall have width equivalent to at least the width of the stairs,
• Must not be locked or obstructed under any circumstance when people are inside the building.
3. Aisles and corridors
• Main aisles should be clearly defined by yellow lines, continuous, unobstructed and leading to
exits (unattended push carts, temporary workstations, cartons or piles of materials are
considered to be obstructions).
• Primary aisle width shall not be less than 1.1 meters and secondary aisles shall be at least 0.8
meters.
4. Stairways
• Width should not be less than 1.1 meters

• Stairs, platforms, landing and other parts shall be made of incombustible material
• Shall be clear of any obstruction
• Shall lead directly to the street or any open space
Fire equipment installation
Fire equipment installation should be in compliance with the requirement of all applicable fire safety
laws in terms of numbers, types and locations.
Fire safety signage
The following guidelines, on fire safety signage and related communication, must be followed. All
signage and information on fire safety must be made out in the regional language as understood by
majority of the workforce. Where a substantial number of workers present are not fluent in this
language, all steps must be undertaken to ensure that all workers including subcontractors are trained.
All signage and information provided must be readable from a distance and wherever necessary at
standard eye-level. It is imperative that signage is not obstructed by any material from any reasonable
distance where workers may be present in the room.
• Evacuation route plans

o Should be visibly displayed at or near exits or passageways on every floor
o Maps should include: floor layout in terms of machinery / workstation placement, location
of fire equipment, first aid kits, exit and emergency exit points and arrows showing
direction of the closest exit / emergency exit, as the case maybe.
o Size of map shall be sufficient to read from a distance of two meters.
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o Where it is not feasible nor practical to have legible evacuation maps posted in all
sections of a facility (for example in large warehouse facilities), escape arrow markings
or other indicators should be used.
• Signage
o Position marking (including pictures and words) with respect to all fire equipment need
to be provided (on walls, red marks on pillars etc.)
o Usage instructions need to be posted close to fire equipment
o Information on precautions to be taken and protocols to be followed during fire
emergencies need to be posted in every major section of the factory.
o Phone numbers to be reached during fire emergencies will have to be displayed in every
section of the factory.
o Under each extinguisher there should be a restriction box marked on the floor, so that
no object is placed there and it stays free of obstructions at all times. The purpose of
the restriction box should be explained to all workers.
3.4 Emergency Preparedness and Response
It is necessary to be prepared for emergency situations that threaten and could impact the OHS
conditions. The steps which are followed in case of emergency should be described in procedures
which are written, communicated and tested (conducting drills, notifying fire-fighters, signalizing
meeting points, evacuation routes, emergency doors, installing alarms, etc.). The efficiency of these
procedures should be evaluated for continuous improvement.
There are 2 types of emergency in the workplace:
1. Emergency situation that caused by natural disasters

2. Emergency situation that caused by man (man – made disasters)
What follows is a list of the natural and man-made disasters the incidences of which have been growing
in frequency across the world due to various environment and socio-political pressures
3.4.1 Natural Disasters
Natural disasters is a major event caused by natural process. Listed below are the example of natural
disasters (including but not limited to). A short description of responses has been included for each
type, but for purposes of local applicability the specialized assistance of emergency organizations like
the Red Cross/Crescent and the local authorities/experts should be consulted. Below are the example
of natural disasters and short description of responses for each types.
Flood
• Plan and practice a flood evacuation route.

• Identify potential hazards through the regular risk assessment exercise and secure or protect
them before the flood strikes.
• Turn off electrical power when there is standing water, fallen power lines, or before your
evacuation.
• Turn off gas and water supplies before you evacuate.
Earthquake
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Surviving an earthquake and reducing its health impact requires preparation, planning and practice.
Far in advance, gather emergency supplies, identify and reduce possible hazards, and practice what
to do during and after an earthquake
• Ensure that there are earthquake plans for the building if site investigation shows risk of
earthquake.
• Do not use elevator.
• If possible factories should have an evacuation area.
Tornado
• Learn about the tornado warning system of the country or locality. Most tornado-prone areas
have a siren system. Know how to distinguish between the siren’s warnings for a tornado watch
and a tornado warning.
• Have a tornado evacuation or emergency plan and drills.
• Utility switches or valves should be turned off.
• If outdoor seek shelter in a sturdy building. If not, lie flat and face-down on low ground, protecting
the back of the head with arms. Get as far away from trees and cars.
Typhoon
Pay close attention to the meteorological information by TV, radio or the internet. When a typhoon is
close, do not go out in heavy rain. Suspension of work should at least coincide with local meteorological
advice. However, commuting conditions often become unsafe during a typhoon and as such pro-active
suspension maybe necessary depending on known and estimated road conditions that employees
would need to take.
Tsunami
A tsunami is a series of destructive and very dangerous waves that result from earthquake activity or
some other type of underwater disturbance (meteorite, landslide, underwater volcanic activity etc.).
A Include tsunami evacuation as part of your evacuation plan and conduct practice drills once
risk has been identified. Ensure that warning and evacuation signals are easy to understand.
B Assemble a safety pack that consists of food, water and a first aid kit. Keep it somewhere that
is obvious and well-known to everyone in the building and easy to grab in an emergency.
o Heed natural warnings. Natural warnings can help to indicate the imminent arrival of a
tsunami. An earthquake. If you are in a coastal zone, the occurrence of an earthquake
should be immediate cause for alarm and evasive action.
o A rapid rise and fall in coastal waters. If the sea suddenly recedes (draws back),
leaving bare sand, this is a major warning sign that a tsunami may occur.
C Heed community and government warnings. If the local authorities do have time to
issue a warning, take heed. Take action. If a tsunami is likely to make landfall, react
immediately. Put into place the Evacuation Plan. Actions should include:
o Move inland, and to high ground.
o Climb high. Climb a sturdy tree.
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• Try to get reliable information. Listen to the radio for updates on what is happening. Do not trust
word of mouth.
3.5 Contractor Safety
Contractor refers to a company that provides service in terms of physical/non-physical work for a
factory. Contractor Safety is a program designed by factory to ensure that safety aspects during work
for both factory and contractor are respected. This safety measure has a main purpose to protect
factory and contractor employees, equipment, as well as image of both companies.
There are 4 steps that a factory has to take prior to appointing a contractor;
1. Risk assessment
2. Selection
3. Training
4. Contract
3.5.1 Risk Assessment
In order to ensure safety in all aspects of work, a factory should conduct the following steps:
• Risk assessment should be conducted thoroughly to identify the risk area. Define the hazard.
• Define the control measure to reduce/eliminate the hazard.
3.5.2 Selection
Prior to appointing a contractor, a factory should take into account the following:
• Reputation of the contractor company in relation with safety programs

• Personnel qualification
3.5.3 Training
The 3rd step is one of the most important steps prior to selecting contractor. Contractor workers, even
when they already have qualification, should be trained on factory’s safety requirements. In most cases,
factories only check whether the contractor employees obtained certain certificates. Safety measures
are unique in every field since different work poses different risks. Based on the risk assessment
mentioned in the above, a factory should deliver proper training to contractor employees and ensure
their understanding.
For specialized work to which the factory safety personnel is not familiar with, but the contractor is
specialized in this work, the factory should ensure the contractor will perform the risk assessment and
act accordingly.
3.5.4. Contract
Factory should include Safety Provision in the contract with the contractor. This step is to make sure
that contractor has a legal obligation to follow factory safety standard during the implementation of the
work.
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Below are several examples of contractor work that usually takes place in the factory:
Work Safety Safety Measure

Process Issues
Construction Falling • Wear harness to prevent freefall
Work • Create perimeter and provide sign in the area with falling
hazard
• Ensure that any opening on the ground are covered
• Provide proper climbing device e.g. ladders and scaffolds.
Electrocution • Clearly identify the area with electricity by putting visible sign
• Wear proper safety footwear inside the area where high
electricity current is present
• Only use electric tools when it is grounded of double
insulated.
• Keep away from electricity source
Struck – by • Wear protective clothing e.g. helmet
• Wear clearly visible clothes when work near man-driven
vehicles
Hot Work Fire • Ensure that hot work conducted in the designated area only
• Provide fire extinguisher as near as possible to the hot work
area
• Create perimeter around hot work area. Hot work area should
at least has 11 meters (35 feet) from combustible material.
• Ensure that hot work operator has hot work permit from the
relevant department
Burns • Provide proper personnel protective equipment and clothing
3.6 Walking and Working Surfaces
Walking and working surfaces, such as floors, stairs and ladders, are associated with slip, strip and fall
accidents.
Risk of a slip/trip/fall means a circumstance that exposes a worker while at work, or other
person while at or in the vicinity of a workplace, to a risk of a slip/trip/fall that is reasonably
likely to cause injury to the worker or other person. This includes circumstances in which the
worker or other person is:
• in or on plant or a structure that is at an elevated level

• in or on plant that is being used to gain access to an elevated level
• in the vicinity of an opening through which a person could fall
• in the vicinity of an edge over which a person could fall
• on or in the vicinity of a surface through which a person could fall
• On or near the vicinity of a slippery, sloping or unstable surface.
3.6.1 How to Identify Slip/Trip/Fall Hazards
Identify all locations and tasks that could cause injury due to a slip/trip/fall. This includes access to the
areas where work is to be carried out. Tasks that need particular attention are those carried out:
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• on any structure or plant being constructed or installed, demolished or dismantled, inspected,

tested, repaired or cleaned
• on a fragile surface (for example, cement sheeting roofs, rusty metal roofs, fiberglass sheeting
roofs and skylights)
• on a potentially unstable surface (for example, areas where there is potential for ground
collapse)
• using equipment to work at the elevated level (for example, when using elevating work platforms
or portable ladders)
• on a sloping or slippery surface where it is difficult for people to maintain their balance (for
example, on glazed tiles)
• near an unprotected open edge (for example, near incomplete stairwells)
• Near a hole, shaft or pit into which a worker could fall (for example, trenches, lift shafts or service
pits).
Inspect the workplace
Walk around the workplace and talk to workers to find out where work is carried out that could result in
falls. A checklist may be useful in this process. Key things to look for include:
• Surfaces:
o the stability, fragility or brittleness

o the potential to slip, for example where surfaces are wet, polished or glazed
o the safe movement of workers where surfaces change
o the strength or capability to support loads
o the slope of work surfaces, for example, where they exceed 7 degrees.
• Levels—where levels change and workers may be exposed to a fall from one level to another
• Structures—the stability of temporary or permanent structures
• The ground—the evenness and stability of the ground for safe support of scaffolding or a work
platform
• The working area—whether it is crowded or cluttered
• Entry and exit from the working area
• Edges—protection for open edges of floors, working platforms, walkways, walls or roofs
• Holes, openings or excavations—which will require guarding
• Hand grip—places where hand grip may be lost.
In some situations, advice may be needed from technical specialists, such as structural engineers, to
check the stability of structures or load bearing capacity.
Review available information, including incident records
You should check your records of previous injuries and ‘near miss’s incidents related to falls.
Information and advice about fall hazards and risks relevant to particular industries and work activities
is also available from regulators, industry associations, unions, technical specialists and safety
consultants.
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3.6.2 How to Control Slip/Trip/Fall hazards
There are a number of ways to control the risks of falls. Some control measures are more effective than
others. Control measures can be ranked from the highest level of protection and reliability to the lowest.
This ranking is known as the hierarchy of control.
1. Can the need to work at height be avoided to eliminate the risk of a fall?
2. Can the fall be prevented by working on solid construction?
3. Can the risk of a slip/trip/fall be minimised by providing and maintaining a safe system of work,
including:
• Providing a fall prevention device (for example, installing guard rails) if it is reasonably
practicable to do so, or
• Providing a work positioning system (for example, an industrial rope access system) if it is not
reasonably practicable to provide a fall prevention device, or
• Providing a fall-arrest system, so far as is reasonably practicable, if it is not reasonably
practicable to provide a fall prevention device or a work positioning system.
• Providing covers and/or guardrails to protect workers from the hazards of open pits, tanks,
vats, ditches, and the like.
In some cases a combination of control measures may be necessary, for example using a safety
harness while working from an elevating work platform.
• Any walking and working surface located above 4 ft. (1.22 m) must be protected from the
possibility of a fall;
• Workers who are assigned to work on elevated work surfaces (over 6 feet) shall understand
and follow required safety work practices;
• Holes in floors, raised platforms, and openings in elevated walls must have fall protection
devices in place such as railings, covers, fencing or doors to protect workers from a fall.
Whenever fall protection is needed, make sure you have the right fall-protection system, know how it
works, get trained to use it – and use it. When eliminating the hazard and guardrails, or safety nets
won’t work, you need personal protective equipment (PPE) – fall-restraint systems, personal fall-arrest
systems. Restraint systems keep you from falling. Fall arrest systems stop falls. You will need a full-
body harness if you use one of these systems. A full-body harness has straps worn around your trunk
and thighs, with one or more rings in back to attach the harness to other parts of the system.
Choosing a Harness
1. Learn about the types of slip/trip/fall hazards on your job.

2. Make sure the harness fits you and is comfortable, to prevent body strain. You can get
shoulder and back pads to reduce harness pressure. Full-body cross-chest harnesses are
more comfortable for women and can reduce bruising when falls are stopped.
Training
1. The employer must fit and train each worker for the equipment to be used.
2. A competent person must train workers at risk of falling about types of fall hazards, how to
protect oneself, and other hazards and limitations in using fall protection.
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Training must cover all that can happen, like hanging in a harness and rescue.
3. If the worksite changes or the type of fall protection equipment is changed, workers using the
equipment must be retrained.
Ladder safety
1. Choose the right equipment. Use ladders mainly for climbing to or from other levels.
2. Choose the right ladder length.
3. A sticker on a commercial ladder tells you its maximum weight capacity. Use only type I,
IA, or IAA ladders. If safety tested ladders are not available in your locality, the employer
must take responsibility for weight capacity testing. Ladder rungs, cleats, and steps
must be parallel, level, and evenly spaced.
Type Duty Rating Use Load
IAA Special Duty Rugged 375 lbs

IA Extra Duty Industrial 300 lbs
I Heavy Duty Industrial 250 lbs
4. The rungs and steps of metal ladders must be grooved or roughened to minimize
slipping. Side rails must be at least 11.5 inches apart.
5. If you use two or more ladders to reach one spot, they must have a platform or landing
between them.
6. Ladder parts must be smooth to prevent punctures or cuts or snagging of clothing.
7. Wood ladders must not be painted with a coating that can hide defects.
8. Stepladders: All four legs must be on solid, level ground. The spreaders must be locked
fully open.
9. Never climb on the cross-bracing. Never lean a stepladder against a wall.
10. Straight and extension ladders: The ladder base should be 1 foot from the building (or
top support, such as an eave) for every 4 feet of ladder length up to the resting position.
Counting rungs will give you a good estimate of the ladder length; rungs are about 1 foot
apart.
11. When working from or climbing keep you positioned between the rails of the ladder.
Figure 10: Ladder using
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3.7 Safety Signage
All safety signage should be in understandable local language and used to:
• Indicate the location of safety facilities (emergency escape or first aid sign);
• Warn of special dangers or hazards (warning sign);
• Demand a mandatory action (mandatory sign);
• Forbid some action (prohibition sign).
Depending on the purpose they serve, a specific colour, shape and size is necessary. The European
Union has set minimum requirements for the provision of health and safety signs within the directive
92/58/EEC. In this Directive it is clearly stated that
• “Employers shall provide safety and/or health signs as laid down in this directive where hazards
cannot be avoided or adequately reduced …” and
• “Workers must be given suitable instruction, in particular in the form of specific directions
concerning the safety and/or health signs used at work”.
Further legislation concerning health and safety signs can be found in the directive 89/391/EEC, where
it is stipulated that all emergency exits and firefighting equipment are permanently signed. For non-EU
countries other legislation may be applicable.
Requirement - Colour and Signboard Using
• Color
Red Yellow or Amber Blue Green
Prohibition sign Warning Sign Mandatory sign

Emergency escapes,
first aid sign
Prohibiting behaviour, Be careful, take Specific behaviour or Exit doors, exits signal,
danger alarm, stop, precautions, action, wearing escape routes, rescue
shutdown, emergency examine personal protective facilities, no danger,
cut-out devices, equipment return to normal
evacuate, fire-fighting
equipment, identification
and location
• Signboards
Signboards used at workplace must be sufficiently large, visible and easily understandable in
local language. All requires adequately illumination and size should be appropriate for intended
viewing distance.
Signboards’ material must be durable and weather resistant, securely fastened and properly
maintained.
• Signboard Appearing & Using
Fire Exit Signs: Compulsory for every floor in every factory.
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Figure 13: Fire exit sign
Figure 16: Fire escape sign Figure 17: Fire door - keep shut sign
Fire Escape – Keep Clear Sign Fire Door – Keep Shut Signs: To be used where a fire
door was built to prevent fire from moving from one
room to the other, e.g. entrance door of a chemical
storage. Not be confused with fire exit!
Fire Extinguisher/ Hose Sign: To be used to indicate the location and purpose of Fire Extinguishers
Figure 18: Fire extinguisher
Figure 19: Fire Alarm sign Figure 20: No smoking sign
Fire Alarm Sign: To be used to indicate No Smoking Sign: Compulsory in

the location of a Fire Alarm button rooms where flammable chemicals
are stored or other dangers of fire
exist
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Figure 21: Flammable chemical sign Figure 22: Chemical storage sign
Flammable Chemical Sign: Compulsory for Chemical Storage Sign: To be used to

every area where highly flammable mark the door leading to chemical storage
substances are used. Also containers, bottles (do not smoke, eat or drink signs may also
or receptacles used for the storage of be used)
flammable chemicals must be marked.
Hazard Signs for chemical: Compulsory to classify the danger of chemicals used or stored (must be
indicated also directly on the chemicals)
Figure 23: Hazard sign for Chemical
Note: if one of these signs is found on the chemicals used, a safety data sheet has to be displayed in
the area where the chemicals are used / stored and the instructions included in those safety data sheets
have to be followed!
Personal Protective Equipment Signs: to remind the worker of the PPE which should be used for
different operations
Figure 24: PPE sign
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Do not Eat or Drink or Smoke Signs: To remind the workers that no food must be consumed in
a chemical storage or handling area
Figure 25: No eat or drink sign

First Aid Signs: Indicating the location of first aid
boxes, first aid trained persons or emergency shower
Figure 26: First Aid sign
Further Warning Signs: To be used where applicable
Figure 27: Further warning signs
Other useful Mandatory Signs: To be used where applicable
Figure 28: Other useful mandatory signs
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SECTION FOUR
Occupational Health and Sanitation Management
4.1 Workplace Monitoring
Regular workplace monitoring is the critical part of every successful health and safety program. Each
monitoring should include a careful examination of the workplace to identify actual and potential
hazards that can cause injury, illness or damage.
To ensure the effective monitoring, it is necessary to be familiar with:
• All workplace buildings and departments

• Work activities and work flow from one part of your workplace to another
• Where hazardous chemicals are used
• The location of storage areas, entrances and exits, and emergency exits.
Workplace monitoring must be done by the local Centre of Disease Control and Prevention or a
qualified organization at least once a year. In addition, for any new construction, new equipment or
work activities that are introduced to your workplace, an initial risk assessment and workplace
monitoring should be done.
4.1.1 Limit of Substances Hazardous Exposure
Mostly workplace exposure limits are concentrations of the substances hazardous to health in the air
averaged over a specified period of time, referred to as a time-weighted average. Two time periods are
used: long term (8 hours) and short term (15 minutes). Short-term exposure limits are set to prevent
acute effects which occur after exposure for a few minutes. However exposure to a substance with a
workplace exposure limit must not exceed the local legal requirement.
4.1.2 Limit of Noise Exposure
As noise effects are cumulative, the noise emission levels should be reduced below 85 dBA. If this is
not feasible they should be reduced to the lowest level possible and suitable hearing protection
provided. If the noise energy is doubled, then it is increased by 3dBA and requires a halving of the
exposure time. Please refer to the below table:
Hours of exposure (h) dB(A) Individuals exposed to 80dBA must be

8 85 offered hearing protection, but at
4 88 85dBA, more hearing protection must
2 91 be provided and worn. Hazard
1 94
exposure of workplaces must be in
1/2 97
compliance with local legal
1/4 100
1/8 103 requirements. It is recommended that
noise exposure testing for prolonged
exposure (standard 8 hours) and peak exposure is done so that both types of exposure in the work
stations are measured even if both may not be required by local law. Where PUMA standards are
more stringent than local legal requirements, PUMA standards will apply.
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In order to control the working place hazards, a sufficient management system should be established
and include at least the following:
• A description of the plan and a functional overview of the day-to-day operation. This section
must contain a detailed description of this site, the location of buildings and what structures and
organizations are covered by the plan.
• Based upon the results of the evaluation/assessment survey, working place monitoring should
be conducted to determine the level of exposure and potential health risk to employees.
• Employees should be trained properly.
• Monitoring data should be analysed and reviewed at regular intervals and compared with the
operating standards so that any necessary corrective actions can be taken.
4.1.3 Lighting
In the factory where various production processes take place, sufficient lighting is one of the utmost
important.
Depending on the processes, light levels or lux can be classified in relation to the type of work, nature
of workplace, individual vision, etc.
Lack of or excessive light can result in accidents or affect the wellbeing and also productivity of workers
during production. In an area where accuracy is required, such as quality control, this can affect the
product quality. Last but not least, it will affect workers’ health.
Below is the table with light recommendation:
Table 3: Light recommendation
Type of Work Illumination Ranges (Lux)4

Working space where visual task performed occasionally 100 – 200
Task with high contrast of large scale 200 - 500
Task of medium contrast or small size 500 – 1000
Task of low contrast or very small size 1000 – 2000
Task of low contrast and very small size over a prolonged period 2000 – 5000
Task of very prolonged and exacting visual tasks 5000 – 10000
4.1.4 Vibration
Machineries used in the factory for production almost always expose workers to vibration. Prolonged
exposure to vibration can cause injuries over time.
Hand-arm Vibration (HAV)
4
Modified from: IESNA Lighting Handbook. 9th ed. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America,
2000. p. 10-13.
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Hand – arm vibration exposure is the situation where a worker use a hand-held power tools. Excessive
and uncontrolled use of this tools can cause health problem e.g. painful nerves, joints and could also
lead to direct injuries to fingers and hand dexterity, and grip.
The following table shows the threshold value of Hand Arm Vibration
Table 4: Threshold limit values for exposure
Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for exposure 5

of the hand to vibration in X, Y, or Z direction6
Total Daily Exposure Maximum value of frequency weighted acceleration (m/s2)
Duration (hours) in any direction*
4 to less than 8 hours 4
less than 1hour 12
To reduce the risk of occupational disease caused by HAV, there are several steps to take
• Find alternative work methods that can eliminate or reduce exposure to vibration,
• Select the vibrating equipment correctly to ensure that any vibrating equipment used
efficiently. Improper equipment can result in longer and inefficient use of the equipment that
expose workers to vibration longer than necessary.
4.1.5 Extreme Temperatures
Heat or cold stress is the general name for several medical conditions such as heat cramps, heat
exhaustion, heat rash, heat stroke, frostbite and hypothermia. Under extreme conditions of
temperature, humidity, airflow and workload, workers may experience heat or cold stress, which is the
body’s attempt to maintain a normal body temperature.
Factory conditions that are very hot or very cold may cause workers to suffer from a variety of heat or
cold stress symptoms. Heat stroke (from extreme heat) and hypothermia (from extreme cold) are both
conditions that may lead to death, if not treated immediately. Workplaces with these conditions may
include casting, electroplate, rubber products factories, electrical utilities (particularly boiler rooms),
laundries, chemical plants and so on.
5 Modified from The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)

6 Directions of axes in the three-dimensional system
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Table 5: Extreme temperatures
Heat Index Risk Level Protective Measures
Less than 91°F (32 °C) Lower (Caution) Basic heat safety and planning
Implement precautions and
91°F(32 °C) to 103°F (39 °C) Moderate
heighten awareness
Additional precautions to protect
103°F(39 °C) to 115°F (46 °C) High
workers
Triggers even more aggressive
Greater than 115°F (46 °C) Very high to Extreme
protective measures
The implemented procedures on safely working in extremely hot or cold temperature condition should
be at least included:
• Identify workplace and work assignments where a potential for heat or cold exists.
• Satisfactory temperature control measures to eliminate or reduce risks
• Proper personal protective equipment must be provided to workers who work in operations
involving extreme heat or cold (e.g. insulated gloves, insulated suits, reflective clothing, or
infrared reflecting face shields etc.)
• Plenty of safe drinking water must be available for workers (free of charge) who work in areas
with high temperatures (near ovens, dryers, etc.)
• Rest breaks are frequent enough and in suitable conditions (located in warm area if
temperature conditions are extremely cold, in shaded or cooler area if temperature conditions
are extremely hot)
• Before a worker begins work in an extremely hot or cold environment, make sure he/she has
had a physical exam to determine whether he/she is fit to work in such conditions.
• Workers who work in extremely hot or cold environments should be trained to recognize and
respond to the symptoms of heat or cold stress and that capable workers are trained to
provide first aid to workers showing these symptoms.
• Periodically evaluate the program to determine whether it’s effective in preventing heat or cold
stress in workers.
The heat or cold stress prevention program needs to be established in order to reduce the risk associate
with heat or cold stress including illnesses and injuries, which covered but not limited to:
• Designating responsibilities for the program

• Water replenishment during the shift as needed
• Employee access to shade at all times for preventative recovery periods
• Responding to symptoms of possible heat or illness
• Contact provisions for emergency medical services
• Effective engineering control including ventilation, heaters, air conditioning, cooling fans,
reflective shields to redirect radiant heat and insulation
• Allow new workers to have a five-day period to adjust to extreme temperature conditions.
Similarly, give this five-day adjustment period to workers who have been away from work for
two weeks or more
Page 49 of 67
• Where there is a chance that workers will suffer heat stress caused by hot equipment, workers
should wear clothing that reflects heat (aprons, jackets, suits, etc.). Any reflective clothing
should be worn loose to allow air flow through it. Workers wearing such clothing should be
careful to avoid trapping it in machinery with
• Avoid or limit the use of alcohol and caffeine during times of extreme heat because of both
dehydrate the body.
4.2 Ergonomics
Ergonomics is the scientific study of human performance at work. Ergonomics considers the physical
and mental capabilities of the worker and how he/she interacts with tools, equipment, work methods,
tasks and the working environment. Ergonomic hazards should be controlled when designing and
changing workplace or workstation with below procedures to be followed:
• Risk assessments: An assessment that identifies jobs and workstations that may contain
musculoskeletal hazards, the risk factors that pose the hazards, and the causes of the risk
factors
• Hazard prevention and control: Eliminating or minimizing the hazards identified in the workplace
assessment by changing the job design, workstation, tools or work environment to fit the worker.
• Injury management: The effective use of available health-care resources (e.g. physiotherapy,
medical) to prevent or manage work-related musculoskeletal disorders using an early
intervention approach
• Training and education: A method to give both staff and supervisors an understanding of the
potential risk of injuries, their causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment
Below are some common ergonomic hazards present at workplace:
• Inadequate or excessive light or glare.

• Heavy, awkward or repetitive lifting, pushing or pulling
• Frequent bending or twisting of the back or neck
• Tasks requiring lifting either below the knees or above the shoulder.
• Static postures- spending long periods without movement of a particular body part
• Working with arms above shoulder height, elbows away from the body, or reaching behind the
body.
• Repetitive or prolonged grasping and holding of objects, or repetitive bending or twisting of the
wrists or elbows.
• Frequent exposure to whole-body or hand-arm vibration that has not been controlled.
• Work surfaces that require elevation of the shoulders or stooping of the back for long periods.
• Contact stress, where force is concentrated on a small area of the body.
Low – cost solutions to control ergonomics at workplace can be applied as following to correct these
risk factors:
Page 50 of 67
Ensure the work surface is at the right

height for the task:
• Store frequently used materials,

parts, or tools within easy reach and as
close to waist or hip height as possible
• Use mechanical aids to move
materials and products around the
workplace.
Figure 29: Illustration of work-station arrangement
• Avoid extended or repeated long
for different type of work
reaching to do work. Typically using an
awkward posture beyond 4 hours per day is considered high risk.
• If possible, reduce the number of times you repeat the task or motion.
• Provide seated workers with chairs of correct height with sturdy backrest, with the feet
comfortably placed on the floor.
• Provide a standing chair or stool. Change work posture occasionally from standing to sitting or
vice versa.
The most effective ergonomic solution is to involve both the workers and management. Where local
laws on ergonomics are applicable, factories are expected to comply with the legal requirements at
workplace.
4.3 Industrial Ventilation
Ventilation in workplaces can include both general (fresh air) ventilation and ventilation used to control
airborne contamination of the workplace. General ventilation of a building is needed to satisfy the
respiratory needs of its occupants and to remove any body odours and other indoor environmental
contaminants. Effective and suitable provision must be made to ensure that every enclosed workplace
is ventilated by a sufficient quantity of fresh or purified air. Ventilation used to control airborne
contamination can be either dilution ventilation or local exhaust ventilation (LEV). There are 2 types of
ventilation systems used:
4.3.1 General or Dilution Ventilation
Dilution ventilation provides a flow of air into and out of the working area and does not give any control
at the source of the contaminant. The background concentration is reduced by the addition of fresh air
but there is little, if any, reduction in direct exposure to the process. This system is normally used when
local exhaust ventilation is impractical.
It is more effective dilution ventilation if the location of exhaust fan is close to exposed workers and the
makeup air location is behind the workers so that contaminated air is drawn away from the workers’
breathing zone. For chemical control at workplace, dilution is applicable at some circumstance with not
too high amount pollutants generated, and workers are not exposed or carry out the task at nearby the
source of contamination.
Limitation of dilution ventilation:

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• It does not remove completely contaminants,

• If contaminants are highly toxic or very flammable, dilution system is not recommended.
• The amount of contaminants generated is not too high.
Mechanical ventilation systems should be regularly and properly cleaned, tested and maintained.
Where necessary for reasons of health and safety, plant failure warning devices must be provided.
The fresh air supply rate should not normally fall below 5-8 litres per second, per occupant. Factors to
be considered should include the floor area per person, the processes and equipment involved and
whether the work is strenuous.
4.3.2 Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV)
Local exhaust ventilation (LEV): If comparing with dilution ventilation based on the principle of
spreading the contaminants throughout the workplace, LEV operate based on the principle of
controlling air contaminants by trapping them at or near its source.
In protecting workers’ health (breathing zone), LEV is more effective to control highly toxic contaminants
before it is spread out at workplace. If considering the control method, LEV is preferred to be used
when:
• Air contaminants can cause serious health risk,

• The location of emission source is close to workers,
• Number of emission source at the workplace are low,
• Cost is a concern if heating or cooling cost is increased in cold or hot weather,
• Large amount of contaminants is generated.
LEV has 5 basic components: Hood. Duct System. Air- Cleaning Device. Fan. Stack
Figure 30 : five basic components of LEV
• A hood, enclosure or other inlet to collect and contain the contaminant close to the source of its
generation.
• Ductwork, to convey the contaminant away from the source.
• A filter or other air-cleaning device to remove the contaminant from the extracted airstream.
• A fan or other air-moving device to provide the necessary air flow.
Further ductwork to discharge the cleaned air to the outside atmosphere at a suitable point.
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Regular maintenance/testing programs should be developed and maintained to ensure the local
exhaust ventilation systems meet requirements at the workplace. Records of maintenance and testing
should be kept at workplace and made available upon compliance checking.
Figure 31: example of local exhaust ventilation system
4.4 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Each year, a lot of workers receive disabling work-related injuries that involve the head, eyes, or feet.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is one defence against exposure to hazardous working
conditions that can cause injury to these areas of the body.
Personal protective equipment is designed to protect workers from health and safety hazards that
cannot be practically removed from the work environment through engineering or administrative
controls. All workers are required to use PPE whenever it is specified, or when work conditions require
it.
Acceptance of PPE from workers is higher when the workers fully understand the purpose of the PPE
are involved in the selection process. For example, it is unrealistic to expect from a worker to wear a
full gas mask in a hot and humid climate for periods of 8 hours or more.
General requirements on wearing of personal protective equipment are:
• Performing a hazard assessment to select the appropriate PPE.

• Personal protective equipment must meet standards established by recognized governmental
and/ or industry groups.
• Training the workers in the following PPE-related areas:
o When PPE must be worn
o How to wear and adjust PPE
o The limitations of the PPE
o The proper care, Maintenance, Use, and Disposal of PPE
Commonly used personal protective equipment in sporting goods industry includes, but not limited to:
Page 53 of 67
• Gas masks, at work areas with harmful vapours present

• Dust masks, used in the process which generates dust exposure at work
• Steel Mesh gloves, to be used when using fabric cutters
• Ear protector at work areas with high level of noise
• Chemical resistant gloves, to be used when handling acids or caustic chemicals
• Hydrocarbon-resistant gloves when using hydrocarbon-based solvents, cleaning agents, or
chemicals.
• Foot protection, to be used when handling heavy objects.
4.5 Occupational Health Practice
4.5.1 Structure of Health Surveillance Program
Health Surveillance
Health surveillance is the periodic monitoring of the health of individual workers by a combination of
medical history and examination, and relevant tests. The types of examinations and tests used will
depend on the health hazard being assessed.
The health surveillance program should be linked to or cover the pre-employment screen, pre-
placement and post-placement examinations, and return-to-work examinations and exit health
examinations.
Health surveillance should be conducted if:
• Required by regulations,
• It is possible that worker exposure exceeds acceptable exposure limits to hazards for which
health surveillance is useful,
• An employer wishes to check the health of their workforce and to see if hazard management
and control measures are effective.
If exposure has been shown to always be well below acceptable exposure limits, there is no need for
health surveillance for a particular workplace hazard.
Health surveillance is not a substitute for providing and maintaining adequate exposure control
measures.
Health surveillance should include measures and procedures to ensure that pregnant women or other
identified vulnerable workers are never exposed to any hazardous conditions at work.
Page 54 of 67
Structure of a health surveillance program
If health surveillance is required, the employer should establish a structured health surveillance
program according to the following guidelines:
• Should be documented, as part of the Standard Operating Policies and Procedures.

• Should be based on the results of the health risk assessment.
• Workers should give their informed consent to health surveillance.
• All health surveillance examinations and tests should be at no cost to the worker.
• Medical examinations and tests should be supervised by a legally qualified physician (or nurse
if appropriate).
• Examinations/ tests/ laboratories should comply with international standards.
• Medical examinations and tests must be safe, ethical and acceptable in cultural and religious
terms.
• Tests must be valid, reliable and sensitive.
• Where health surveillance detects disease, adverse health effect or unsafe hazard exposure
levels, the responsible physician or nurse should advise the employer of the need for remedial
action and notify the worker of the result and its implications for him or her.
• Depending on the nature of the abnormal result and the circumstances in the workplace, the
affected worker should either be suspended stating the expected length of unfitness, given
specific restrictions, moved to a workplace that is safe for him or her, or given additional
personal protective equipment.
• Workers requiring treatment for diseases found at medical surveillance should be referred to
appropriate specialists for follow-up.
Analysis and reporting the results
A procedure should be developed and implemented for analysing the results of the health surveillance
program and providing guidance for corrective action and medical treatment.
This analysis will involve looking at the results for groups of workers to identify patterns and trends
across the factory. The health surveillance results should also be looked at from the perspective of the
individual worker to identify clinical implications for him or her.
The occupational health doctor or nurse should provide a list of employees who are fit to work and
those who are not. These occupational health staff should be mindful that abnormal results on a health
surveillance examination may not be due to work, but may be due to natural processes that would have
happened in the absence of workplace exposure.
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Abnormal results may require medical follow-up outside of the factory’s occupational health service.
Health surveillance records
Health surveillance results should be managed as any other medical record within the occupational
health service.
Health surveillance results for each worker should be kept in his or her medical record, so they are
available for doctors and nurses treating the employee.
4.5.2 Medical Care
• A medical care program both on physical health and mental health should be established.
• Emergency preparedness program for local endemic should be established.
• Suitable medical facilities must be available, open and properly maintained. It is essential that
the facility is kept clean and equipped to deal with any injuries common to the type of factory.
Proper procedures for disposal of medical waste must be followed as well.
• A contract or insurance cover with the nearest hospital for emergency treatment of workers
should be signed.
4.5.3 First Aid
First aid is emergency care provided for injury or sudden illness before emergency medical treatment
is available. The first-aid provider in the workplace is someone who is trained in the delivery of initial
medical emergency procedures, using a limited amount of equipment to perform a primary assessment
and intervention while awaiting arrival of emergency medical service (EMS).
A clinic room / emergency treatment room should be made available for factories with more
than 100 employees:
• The room should be clearly marked as a first aid room and a note should be placed on the door
clearly, showing the names and locations of first aiders.
• An occupational nurse or physician should regularly visit the clinic room.
• For larger injuries the way to the next hospital / phone number of the ambulance must be known
/ displayed in the clinic room.
• The room should be large enough to hold a bed / couch and the door to the room wide enough
to accommodate a stretcher, wheelchair, carrying chair or wheeled carriage. The facilities and
equipment that should be provided in first aid rooms are:
Page 56 of 67
o A Bed or a couch (with a waterproof surface), and frequently cleaned pillow and
blankets. The number of beds should conform to requirements set out in local law.
o A chair
o Clean protective garments for use by first aiders
o A sink with running hot and cold water always available
o A suitable store for first aid materials
o A range of first aid equipment ( at least to the standard of first aid boxes)
o Suitable, foot operated, refuse container lined with disposable plastic bags
o A bowl
o Paper towels and soap
o Drinking water when not available on tap, and disposable cups.
o A telephone or other suitable means of communication.
• Have a clear procedure to respond to Life-Threatening and Non-Life-Threatening Emergencies.
• Basic first aid training should be provided to all workers regularly.
• At any time during working hours (also on night shifts, if applicable), a person qualified in first
aid must be present.
• The person who is to be appointed as first aider must attend training given by a qualified
organization.
• First aiders should be easily identifiable. Identification can be achieved using badges or
armbands, etc.
• Their names, possibly with photographs, should be clearly displayed on notice-boards.
• In low risk situation, there should be at least one first aider for every 50-100 employees.
• In hazardous situations there should not be less than one first aider for every 50 staff.
For minor injuries, first aid kit should be available in every larger department and must not be
locked, the contents of which must contain sufficient quantities of items, depending again on
the above circumstances. The following are recommended:
• A general guidance card with information on first aid, emergency telephone numbers
• Checklist of content
• Wrapped sterile adhesive dressing
• Eye pads with attachments
• Wrapped triangular bandage
• Safety pins
• Wrapped sterile bandages
• A pair of disposable gloves
• Scissors
Page 57 of 67
• Injury Log, pen

• Plaster
• Disinfection liquid
A clinic record should be kept detailing types of injuries / sicknesses which occurred during the last
year. In case of an unusual accumulation of injuries or any heavy injury / sicknesses reasons should
be investigated and corrective actions should be taken.
4.6 Welfare Facilities and Sanitation
4.6.1 Sanitation and condition of Welfare Facilities
Sanitation is especially important for toilets, food preparing areas and bathrooms. The following
guidance is applied to all production, office, warehouse and dormitories.
• Walls should be clean painted or tiled.

• The floor of working areas should be maintained, and kept dry. Platforms, mats, or other dry
standing places should be provided for where wet processes are used, drainage should be
maintained, or appropriate waterproof footwear should be provided.
• All floors, walkways, and stairs must be kept in good repair. Keep them free of anything that
may cause a slip or trip hazard.
• Do not allow waste materials to build-up in working areas (around saw horses, cutting
stations, tool boxes). Maintain an ongoing routine of waste disposal at regular intervals.
• Maintain adequate lighting in all work areas.
• Use waste bins, garbage cans, and dumpsters to prevent the build-up of debris
• Ensure that there are no protruding nails on loose or fixed materials that may snag clothing or
cause an abrasion or puncture.
• Post signs and use danger or caution tape where hazards might not be readily seen.
• Ensure that all ground surfaces are firm and level before setting scaffolds or ladders.
• Aisles and exits should be clear of obstructions at any time.
• Smoking or eating in production areas or toilets should generally not be permitted. A restaurant,
canteen or dining area with sufficient space should be provided for all employees to support this
rule.
• Garbage / unused materials should be regularly removed.
Page 58 of 67
Figure 32: Examples of waste segregation at workplace
4.6.2 Drinking Water or Portable Water
• Employer must ensure to provide adequate drinking water at no cost for all employees at all
times.
• Potable water should be provided in all places of employment, for drinking, washing of the
person, cooking, washing of foods, washing of cooking or eating utensils and personal service
rooms.
• Drinking water dispensers should be designed, constructed and serviced so that sanitary
conditions are properly maintained, should be capable of being closed, and should be equipped
with a tap.
• Open containers such as barrels, pails, or tanks for
drinking water from which the water must be dipped or
poured, whether or not they are fitted with a cover, are
prohibited.
• A common drinking cup and other common utensils are
prohibited.
• Drinking station should be located at upstream of air
flow in a clean area, not be located inside or nearby
toilet areas
• Drinking station must be located at a reasonable
distance from the workstation.
Figure 33: Example of drinking
station at workplace
4.6.3 Toilet Facilities
• Toilet rooms separate for each gender must be provided in all places of employment.
• Toilet room should be distinctly marked “for men” and “for women” by signs printed in the native
language of the persons occupying the building, or marked with easily understood pictures or
symbols. If the facilities for each sex are in the same building, they should be separated by solid
walls or partitions extending from floor to ceiling.
• Where toilet rooms will be occupied by no more than one person at a time, the rooms should
be lockable from the inside. Each water-closet should occupy a separate compartment with a
Page 59 of 67
door and walls or partitions between and fixtures sufficiently high (1.7M for example) to assure
privacy. There will be no open toilets except for urinals.
• Tightly closing waste bins should be provided within each toilet stall for used toilet paper and
used sanitary dressing disposal.
• Hand drying facilities (paper towel, clean cloth towel, electric dryer or others) should be
provided.
• Toilet paper must be provided to all employees.
• Sufficient hand-wash facilities including soap should be provided for each toilet section.
• Toilet facilities must be regularly cleaned and maintained to ensure sanitary conditions at all
times.
• The number of toilets provided for each gender should be based on the number of employees,
and complied with the table below:
Number of employees Minimum number of toilets

1 – 15 1
16 - 35 2
36 - 55 3
56 - 80 4
81 - 110 5
111 – 150 6
Over 150 1 additional fixture for each additional 40 employees
4.6.4 Canteens/Kitchen Facilities
• In all areas where central dining operations are permitted or provided, the food handling facilities
should meet the requirements of all local sanitation regulations and get a valid canteen hygiene
license from the concerned authority where applicable.
• Kitchen personnel must be checked for infectious diseases in regular intervals.
• Management should perform a periodical canteen inspection for food hygiene and safety to
prevent pest and/or animal infestation.
• The payment arrangement or food prices should be reasonable with the price list displayed
conspicuously if such service is not free of charge.
• Refrigerator system or cold room freezer should be used and maintained at the correct
temperatures.
• Samples of food cooked/served should be kept for the length of time required by local food
safety laws for testing in cases of food poisoning. (At least 48 hours)
• Seating facilities that allow for enough seating for all employees scheduled to eat during a shift
should be provided. Those seating facilities shall offer protection from negative weather
influences such as rain and excessive heat or cold.
• Comments about food or service should be collected in regular intervals
Page 60 of 67
APPENDIX
A. Code of Conduct
Page 61 of 67
B. Permit to Work Form and Factory Incident Reporting
Page 62 of 67
Page 63 of 67
Page 64 of 67
C. Glossary
Accident - an unplanned event that interrupts the completion of an activity, and that may (or may not)
include injury or property damage.
Dangerous occurrences - Something that happens that's dangerous and could result in injury or death
Fatality (ies) - death that occurs while a person is at work or performing work related tasks.
Hot Work - any process that can be a source of ignition when flammable material is present or can be
a fire hazard regardless of the presence of flammable material in the workplace.
Incident – an incident is an unplanned, undesired event that hinders completion of a task and may
cause injury or other damage.
Near misses - an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage – but had the potential
to do so.
Reportable diseases - diseases considered to be of great public health importance.
REFERENCES
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety 2011, Noise - Occupational Exposure Limits in
Canada 2014. Available from: https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/phys_agents/exposure_can.html
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety 2011, Vibration – Measurement, Control and
Standards 2008. Available from:
https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/phys_agents/vibration/vibration_measure.html
Centers For Disease Control and Prevention - Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response
2014, Being Prepared for an Earthquake. Available from:
https://emergency.cdc.gov/disasters/earthquakes/prepared.asp
Centers For Disease Control and Prevention - Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response
2014, Preparing for a Tornado. Available from:
http://emergency.cdc.gov/disasters/tornadoes/prepared.asp
Duke Energy n.d., Flooding Guidelines. Available from https://www.duke-

energy.com/safety/electric/flooding-guidelines.asp
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America 2000, IESNA Lighting Handbook, 9th edn, p. 10-
13. Illuminating Engineering.
Ron Grantt - Select International n.d., 4 Steps to Effective Contractor Safety Management. Available
from: http://www.selectinternational.com/safety-blog/bid/183617/4-Steps-to-Effective-Contractor-
Safety-Management
Page 65 of 67
The Fire Equipment Manufacturers’ Association n.d., Types Of Fires And Extinguishing Agents,
Available from https://www.Femalifesafety.org/. [10 May 2016]
US Department of Labor n.d., Occupational Safety and Health Administration Home Page. Available
from https://www.osha.gov/.
US Department of Labor n.d., General Machinery Equipment And Tool Safety. Available from:
https://www.osha.gov/.
Page 66 of 67
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Three dimensions of PUMA Sustainability Strategy .................................................6
Figure 2: PUMA 10for20 Sustainability Targets .......................................................................6
Figure 3: Plan Do Check Act ...................................................................................................9
Figure 4: Lock out/Tag out procedure ....................................................................................21
Figure 5: Chemical Labelling .................................................................................................27
Figure 9: Fire safety management system .............................................................................29
Figure 7: Fire safety management system .............................................................................29
Figure 8: Ladder usingFigure 9: Fire safety management system .........................................29
Figure 10: Ladder using .........................................................................................................41
Figure 11: Fire exit signFigure 12: Ladder using ...................................................................41
Figure 13: Fire exit sign .........................................................................................................43
Figure 14: First Aid signFigure 15: Fire exit sign....................................................................43
Figure 16: Fire escape sign ...................................................................................................43
Figure 17: Fire door - keep shut sign .....................................................................................43
Figure 18: Fire extinguisher ...................................................................................................43
Figure 19: Fire Alarm sign .....................................................................................................43
Figure 20: No smoking sign ...................................................................................................43
Figure 21: Flammable chemical sign .....................................................................................44
Figure 22: Chemical storage sign ..........................................................................................44
Figure 23: Hazard sign for Chemical .....................................................................................44
Figure 24: PPE sign ...............................................................................................................44
Figure 25: No eat or drink sign ..............................................................................................45
Figure 26: First Aid sign .........................................................................................................45
Figure 27: Further warning signs ...........................................................................................45
Figure 28: Other useful mandatory signs ...............................................................................45
Figure 29: Illustration of work-station arrangement for different type of work ........................51
Figure 30 : five basic components of LEV .............................................................................52
Figure 31: example of local exhaust ventilation system .........................................................53
Figure 32: Examples of waste segregation at workplace .......................................................59
Figure 33: Example of drinking station at workplace..............................................................59
Table 2: Risk assessment chart example ..............................................................................13

Table 3 Fire Extinguishers type should use ...........................................................................29
Table 4: Light recommendation .............................................................................................47
Table 5: Threshold limit values for exposure .........................................................................48
Table 6: Extreme temperatures .............................................................................................49
Page 67 of 67

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PUMA SUSTAINABILITY

Lars Sørensen Michael Bennett

3.4.1 Natural Disasters ...................................................................................................35

As a matter of course, transparency from suppliers is a minimum expectation. PUMA’s sustainability

1.1 Mission Statement

1.2 Sustainability Strategy

Figure 1: Three dimensions of PUMA Sustainability

1.4 Occupational Health and Safety Policy

Management has specific responsibility for:

2.1 Management System

The OHSMS must include (at least) the following elements:

• An OHS Policy which includes clear goals.

When an OHSMS is in place it is possible to:

• Control risks which may result in accidents;

• Perform • State the OSE

• Conduct internal •Implement the

Figure 3: Plan Do Check Act

2.2 Key Performance Indicators on Health and Safety

- Number of total incidents with work stoppage per year

2.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment

Gravity of potential damages:

1. Low – Accident or disease without work stoppage

Exposure frequency of the workers:

1. Rare or unlikely – Exposure about once per year

The priority of hazards can be determined at the following chart:

Eliminate the Hazards

Reliability of control measures

Substitute the Hazard with something

Isolate the Hazard from People

Reduce the Risk through

Reduce exposure to the hazard using

Use personal protective equipment

2.4 Control Measures

2.4.1 Level 1 Control Measures

2.4.2 Level 2 Control Measures

2.4.3 Level 3 Control Measures

Table 1: Risk assessment chart example

Working area: (Name of the analysed area)

2.5 Health and Safety Committee

2.5.1 Objectives and Functions

• Chairman (Managerial Level)

2.5.2 Health and Safety Committee Training

• Health and safety basics

2.6 Incident Investigation and Reporting at Workplace

2.6.1 General Introduction

• fatalities (to anybody);

2.6.2 Incident Investigation

• Reduced likelihood of a similar incident occurring;

The company policy should, therefore, be to investigate:

This will allow the company to:

• Establish the circumstances surrounding the incident;

2.6.3 Recording Information (establishing the circumstances)

• The names of persons involved, including witnesses;

• How the incident occurred, including probable causes.

2.6.4 Determining the Causes of an Incident

In general, the immediate or direct causes of incidents usually relate to:

a) An unsafe condition in the workplace such as poor housekeeping, defective machinery,

2.6.5 Taking Appropriate Corrective Action

2.6.6 Circulating the Results of the Investigation

This could include:

3.1 General Machinery Equipment and Tool Safety

3.1.1 Machine Guarding