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VOLUME IV
LIST OF APPENDICES
DUST STUDY
T'R'ESTTV AR, I'NC. 0 z., *
Conservation of Culturaſ Property */7//. /
15 Forest Street 3
Trattle60ro, Vermont ossol
(802-246-1103)
<c.s.silver@att.net
1
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION TO THE REPORT
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Research Design
1.3 Literature Review
1.4 Development of the Research Design:
The Scientific Study of Dust in Nine Mile Canyon
1.5 Observation
1.6 Field Work
1.7 Laboratory Analysis
1.8 Summary Conclusions
2
UNDERSTANDING PARYICULATES
3
DUST ON ROCK ART
3.1 Background
3.2 Relevant Literature on Dust Impacts on Rock Art
3.3 Conclusions
4
NINE MILE CANYON AND DRY CANYON:
FIELD SAMPLING, JULY 2007
5
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Dust Abatement on the Road and Concerns
about Magnesium Chloride
5.2 Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX 1
LABORATORY ANALYSES
PHOTOGRAPHS
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1.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY INTRODUCTION
TO THE REPORT
1. I
INTRODUCTION
Nine Mile Canyon is located within the rugged heartland of central Utah. It offers many
outstanding scenic, recreational, historic and prehistoric resources. Among all of these
resources, the prehistoric and early historic rock art of Nine Mile Canyon arguably takes
pride of place.
The West Tavaputs Plateau is rich in energy resources, specifically large fields of natural
gas. Nine Mile Canyon provides the primary access road to the West Tavaputs Plateau.
The need for energy has increased exponentially in the United States. The technologies
employed to extract and transport gas from any site, including the West Tavaputs Plateau,
have improved greatly. A need for energy, in tandem with advanced technology, now
makes exploitation of the gas fields economically feasible.
The West Tavaputs Plateau does not have a single “owner.” There are privately held
lands (6 percent) and State of Utah lands (8 percent), but much of the West Tavaputs
Plateau is in the public domain as federal lands (86 percent), under the jurisdiction of the
Bureau of Land Management. The BLM has existing leases with the Bill Barrett
Corporation (BBC) and other oil and gas operators. These leases allow BBC and other
operators to exercise valid lease rights, which permit utilization and upgrades of existing
infrastructure, including installation of gas well pads, pipes, roads, and other support
systems for the purpose of extracting and transporting natural gas.
Although utilization of Nine Mile Canyon remains subject to strict federal regulations,
environmental and other citizen groups have raised many concerns. The outstanding rock
art has become a major issue and source of contention. Specifically, there is fear that the
drilling of gas wells, road construction, road traffic, and installation of other
infrastructure, will create extraordinary amounts of dust that will settle on, and
permanently disfigure, the many important rock-art panels in Nine Mile Canyon and in
adjacent canyons.
Another major concern is the use of magnesium chloride, employed for dust abatement
on the roads in some areas of the canyon. Magnesium chloride can be an effective
control for dust. However, it is also a documented agent of deterioration of concrete and
works of art, as will be explained in this report.
The BLM is the principal steward of the resources of Nine Mile Canyon, both the natural
gas and the rock art. The BLM anticipated that dust could pose a threat to the rock art of
Nine Mile Canyon and thus took action in 2005 to initiate a scientific study of potential
dust problems, including possible mitigation measures. Under the supervision of Julie
Howard, BLM archaeologist, a grant was written to the Department of Energy requesting
funds for a study of impacts from dust. Unfortunately, the grant was declined.
Subsequently in 2006, at the request of the BLM, BBC agreed to fund a study of dust in
Nine Mile Canyon. Preservar, Inc. (principal and author of this report, Constance S.
Silver) initiated this study in 2006. The first phase of the project was completed in
December, 2006. The primary objectives were to research precedents, if any, for
scientific studies of the effects of dust on rock art, and to establish a research design that Q
would conform to prevailing scientific standards for the study of particulates, especially
º
the impacts of particulates on works of art.
A significant finding is that this study of the effects of dust on rock art in Nine Mile
Canyon is pioneering research. One earlier, highly focused study of dust and auto
emissions near rock art was undertaken in Australia at the Split Rock Site (Watchman
1998). Currently, only one study with relevance for Nine Mile Canyon was located,
underway at the highly important petroglyph site in Burrup, Australia. As will be
discussed in this report, the differences between the two projects---Burrup and Nine Mile
Canyon---are substantial. Thus, while the Burrup project cannot serve as a model for the
current research in Nine Mile Canyon it may be possible to utilize some of the project’s
data collection systems.
The second phase was initiated in July, 2007. The second phase entailed field work in
Nine Mile Canyon to record scientifically the genesis and impacts of dust on five selected
rock art sites, and to collect samples for laboratory analysis.
The third and final phase of this research will be completed in late 2007. The final report
will include all data and provide concrete recommendations for a course of action to
protect the rock art of Nine Mile Canyon from impacts from dust.
Although this is an interim report, it does provide conclusive findings and is able to make
recommendations for the protection of the rock art of Nine Mile Canyon.
2. Explain the data resulting from field work undertaken in July, 2007.
3. Describe the results of the laboratory analysis of sample collected in the field in
July, 2007.
4. Make conclusions about the effects of dust on the rock art of Nine Mile
Canyon.
5. Provide timely recommendations for methods to mitigate the dust and address
the conservation problems now posed by the affected rock art.
1.2
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design for the study of dust in Nine Mile Canyon was developed to address
two principal objectives. The first objective is to determine whether dust released into
the air, primarily by various types of vehicles in Nine Mile Canyon, can settle on, and
permanently alter, adjacent rock art. A second concern is the use of magnesium chloride
as a dust-abatement system in Nine Mile Canyon.
1.3
LITERATURE REVIEW
A review of literature was undertaken on the scientific analysis of dust and particulates in
general, and as dust relates to cultural property, specifically rock art. This research
confirmed that the overall scientific literature on dust is remarkably vast because dust is a
powerful vector that affects the entire planet, from climate change to human health.
However, scientific literature on the impacts of dust on cultural property is quite sparse,
although there is a large body of literature on the effects of hydrocarbon pollutants on
cultural property. Indeed, there is almost no scientific literature on the effects of dust on
rock art specifically.
1.4
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESEARCH DESIGN:
THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF DUST IN NINE MILE CANYON
Theoretical and instrumental methodologies appropriate for analysis of dust on rock art in
Nine Mile Canyon were developed following extensive literature searches. As described,
there is a vast amount of Scientific literature on dust and other particulates, and on many
possible methodologies for its study. Consequently, the major challenge for this study
was to cull information in order to develop highly practical and cost-effective systems for
the scientific study of dust specifically in Nine Mile Canyon.
The selected analytical methods eventually were adapted from industrial hygiene models.
A major analytical laboratory in the United States, EMLS, was selected to provide
analytical services, for several reasons. EMLS has a dedicated department for the study
of particulates and has had extensive experience in this area of analysis and research.
EMLS also is able to provide unified services: assist in development of field collections
systems; provide the required instrumentation; undertake laboratory analysis of samples
collected in the field; provide scientific reports on the findings; and assist in the
interpretation of results.
Two field collection systems were devised in collaboration with EMLS. One system
utilizes a particle counter (the Lighthouse 3016/5016). This instrument records the size
and concentration of particulates by size in the air in real time. By using the particle
counter, it is thus possible to record the relative concentrations of particulates in the air,
by particulate size, at any site before, during and after the approach of a vehicle.
Five quite different rock-art sites in Nine Mile Canyon were selected for study. In
addition to on-site analysis with the particle counter, samples were collected in the field.
Bulk samples were taken from roads adjacent to the five rock-art sites, to determine the
size and mineralogical profile of particulates subject to disturbance by vehicles. Petri
dishes were left at the selected rock art sites for a period of 24 hours. The purpose was to
determine the amount of dust that settles from the air and to analyze the settled dust to
ascertain the nature and probable source of the particulates.
Additionally, at some sites small samples of rock were removed from the extremities of
panels, in order to determine if they have become contaminated overtly with dust and
with magnesium chloride. Secondarily, a study will be made of the porosity of the
samples, to determine the extent to which particulates can become entrapped on and in
the surface of a rock-art panel. Entrapment of particulates, for the most part, is an inverse
ratio of the sizes of the pores of the stone in relationship to the size of the depositional
particulates: the larger the pores and the smaller the particulates, the more particulates
will settle and become fixed in the surface of a rock art panel.
1.5
OBSERVATION
In July, 2007, the author and Julie Howard, Archaeologist, BLM, spent four days in Nine
Mile Canyon, to observe traffic and dust at five selected rock-art sites. On-site
observation of the roads and rock-art sites was a highly important component of the
research. It was possible to study the industrial traffic, its effects on the road, the
generation and duration of clouds of dust, and the deposition of the dust on rock art sites
1.6
FIELD WORK
In July, 2007, particulates in the air were studied with the particle counter before and
after the passage of traffic on the road at the five selected rock art sites. Depositional
particulates were collected in petri dishes exposed at sites for a period of 24 hours.
Samples of some rock also were collected, to determine the deposition of magnesium
chloride and stone porosity relative to the particle size deposition of air-borne
particulates.
1.7
LABORATORYANALYSES
Sixteen samples were collected during the field work in July, 2007. They were sent to
EMLS for analysis. The results will be discussed in a following section of this report.
1.8
SUMMARY CONCLUSIONS
Data collected during the field work in July, 2007, confirmed that heavy vehicular traffic
has pulverized the dirt roads of Nine Mile Canyon and releases clouds of fine particulates
into the air. If a rock art panel is nearby---as is the case with the site 42Cb239, the Hunt
Scene---dust will settle on the panel and does create a very serious conservation problem
for the rock art of that specific panel.
However, the extent to which dust produced by vehicular traffic is able to migrate
throughout Nine Mile Canyon and settle in a deleterious manner on all rock-art panels is
less clear. The analytical methods used during this study cannot provide definitive
answers at this stage of the research, for several reasons. First, there is now a constant
“background noise” of industrial and particulate pollution everywhere in North America
and Europe. Second, there is always particulate “background noise” produced naturally,
by normal soil erosion conditions, wind and vegetation in the form of pollen and resinous
exudates. Third, human activity in Nine Mile Canyon had altered the natural
environment at least 80 years before the current energy-related work began. Fourth, the
extraordinary drought conditions and massive fires near Nine Mile Canyon in July, 2007,
certainly added to that “background noise” of fine particulates, in the form of smoke and
extensive fine dust produced by the desiccation of the natural and altered landscapes of
the area.
Nevertheless, even when these caveats are factored into the overall analysis, the collected
data does support the visual observation that heavy vehicular traffic on untreated roads
will produce fine particulates that will settle on and damage nearby rock art. The
outstanding rock art of Dry Canyon alone provided a simple and highly instructive
lesson. The Dry Canyon site was used as a control because it is not subject to
development activities. There is almost no vehicular traffic in Dry Canyon, and its road
has remained hard-packed and in good condition. In Dry Canyon, the particle counter’s
readings of air-borne particulates were relatively low and were very similar to readings
taken at sites that are adjacent to roads that have been treated with a dust abatement
material. These readings contrasted greatly with the very elevated particulate readings
taken at the Hunt Scene, located on a pulverized area of the road, after the passage of
heavy traffic. Hence, it can be concluded that where the roads remain compacted,
blocking the genesis of dust, damaging clouds of particulates are not created.
Analyses undertaken in the course of this study raise a critical and unexpected question
about the composition of the road hardener used in Nine Mile Canyon. It is referred to as
magnesium chloride, but thus far it has been impossible to isolate and identify
magnesium chloride in the laboratory. One possible explanation is that the magnesium
chloride was per-mixed with hydrated magnesium oxide and water to produce the
hardening agent that is referred to as Sorel cement. Perhaps the magnesium chloride is
chemically transformed during the creation of Sorel cement. If this is the case, the
perceived risks associated with magnesium chloride may not be present in Nine Mile
Canyon because there is no magnesium chloride present. However, this mystery will
need to be resolved as soon as possible during continuing research.
The final section of this report examines these and other findings in detail and provides a
list of recommendations that focus on development of a safe and effective dust abatement
system for the canyon’s road and identification and conservation treatment of impacted
rock art sites. It is also recommended that systems for monitoring of air quality and
laboratory analyses of collected samples be further explored, developed and
implemented.
2
UNDERSTANDING PARTICULATES.
2. I
SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW:
FOCUS AND CAVEATS
As described, the first unit of the study was a review of literature. In its many forms, dust
has become a critical subject of research in all scientific disciplines. The result is
scientific literature on dust that is truly vast. A major challenge for this study, therefore,
was to narrow the focus to areas of research that are specifically germane to the
understanding of dust deposition on rock art.
Section 2 of this report provides a general summary of the scientific definition of dust.
2.2
THE SCIENTIFICDEFINITION OF DUSTAND THE
EFFECTS OF DUST GENERALLY ON CULTURAL PROPERTY
However, dust also can be chemically active and even corrosive. Some dusts are
hygroscopic and will attract and hold molecular water on stone. That liquid water in turn
can be acidic and act as a corrosive or, conversely, create a welcoming microclimate for
microbes. In this regard, it should be noted that microbes can act as a significant vector
for the deterioration of stone. If freezing occurs, very damaging mechanical action will
take place through freeze-thaw cycles.
A case in point is the dust that is generated by modern building construction. Harmful
dust can come from many sources, including new concrete and cement buildings. These
buildings give off a dust of ultra-fine particulates at the low end of the range (0.01
microns) which can easily pass through most normal air filtering systems. The alkalinity
of these particulates is strong enough to damage hardened oil paint, silk, and various dyes
and pigments (Toishi 1965). This case provides some idea of the complexity of air-borne
particulates and their potential to harm cultural property.
THE PROBLEM
. . .The problem of solid dirt in the air of cities is not new, and complaints
date back much further than Faraday and Eastlake's investigation of air
pollution in the National Gallery, London.' The acid vaopours which belched
out of furnaces with the smoke were also known to Faraday. However, the
automobile has produced a distinctly modern form of pollution known as the
oxidant type.
Air pollution is associated with towns and industry and is almost entirely
caused by the burning of fuels.
To deal with air pollution we must be able to measure it, and it is simplest to
adopt a universal system applicable to both solids and gases, for gasses can be
weighed just like solids. We therefore measure the concentration of a pollutant
by finding the weight of it in a given volume of air. The unit commonly used is
micrograms of pollutant per cubic metre of air, abbreviated ugſm’ or ugm”. A
microgram is a millionth of a gram. If we write the word ‘Air Pollution’ firmly
with a soft pencil on a piece of paper we might add about 100 pig to its weight.
Concentrations of gases are often quoted in parts per million (ppm) or parts
per billion (ppb). Note one billion equals one thousand million. One part per
million of sulphur dioxide in air simply means that if we could separate the
sulphur dioxide from the air its volume would be one millionth of the volume of
the air it came from...
'This refers to a report of 24 May, 1850, written by the interdisciplinary team of scientist Michael
Faraday, designer Charles Eastlake, and art historian William Russell, to the House of Commons regarding
the effects of air pollution on works of art in the National Gallery, London.
. . . In town museums the suspended dirt in the air gives rise to an obvious
problem. Some of the particulates are heavy enough to settle in still air, but our
major concern is with those that are too small ever to settle under their own
weight, and therefore to enter into the furthest corners of buildings. Dirt on
museum objects, especially textiles, not only becomes unsightly as it
accumulates, but sooner or later necessitates the risky operation of cleaning.
Within the last half-century various gaseous pollutants have become a world
wide hazard to the health of both people and antiquities.
PARTICULATES
Two terms are currently in common use for the solid particles suspended in the
air: particulates and aerosol. The former will be used here. Other terms,
particularly ‘smoke’ which is sometimes limited to the products of incomplete
combustion, are too imprecise. Particles that settle in still air can be referred to
as dust, or sometimes grit, which seems most appropriate.
The sizes of particulates are conveniently scaled by quoting diameters in
microns (1 micron ((abbreviated as pum) = 1 thousandth of a millimetre). In
what follows, a size of one micron means a diameter (not radius) of one micron.
The particulates, though they might all seem too small to measure, vary
hugely in size. Particles larger than 15 or 20 microns settle near their source of
origin or at worst on window sills. Particles smaller than this remain suspended
until trapped on some surface. The bottom end of the scale can be taken as 0.01
micron, a hundredth of a micron. . . and a good deal smaller than the wavelength
of visible light (1/2 micron). This gives us a range of three orders of magnitude
in diameter, or 1000 to 1. . .
Since the particulates produced outside the building arise largely from the
burning of fuels in power stations, and from vehicles and heaters there is a lot of
sooty and tarry material in them. They are also usually acid from adsorbed
sulphur dioxide and often contain traces of metals such as iron which can
catalyse deterioration.
Particulate distributions are today most commonly represented in this
fashion, following the work of Junge. The only differences are that we usually
divide particulates into groups by diameter rather than area, and it is more useful
to consider the mass of particulates in a given size range rather than their
number. . .
. . . The particulates in the air – the actual suspended dirt particles — fall into
three distinct size ranges. Starting at the large end, the upper size limit is
governed by the maximum size of particle still in the air at some distance from
its source. This is obviously a variable quantity: in a sandstorm grains well over
1mm (1000 microns) in diameter can be carried large distances. In still air
everything over about 15 microns settles, but smaller particles remain
indefinitely suspended until they hit and stick to something. . .
The size range of the largest particulates, from above 1 to 20+ microns, is
called the Coarse Particulate range, because it has been formed either by direct
mechanical action (e.g. dust formation, grinding processes, fine sand) or shot
directly into the air as particles (e.g. ash, pollen, sodium chloride from the sea).
Rain rapidly scavenges coarse particulates but has little effect on particulates
below 2 microns.
But not all particulates are thrown into the air directly. Some are formed in
the air itself. So we now turn our attention to the smallest particulates, in the
Nuclei range, comprising all particles below 0.1 microns diameter. A more or
less complete coverage is obtained with a scale that begins at 0.01 microns. One
typical man-made source of these ultra-fine particles is the automobile (there is a
wider range from the combustion of coal), but nature produces them too from
aromatic plant evaporates which polymerise in the air on dry sunny days to form
a haze of Nuclei. -
Whatever the source, the Nuclei are unstable and therefore transient, with a
half-life of no more than 12 hours. Indeed to bag a fair sample of man-made
transient Nuclei from a heavy traffic route the sampler should be less than a
couple of kilometers away.
By coagulation the Nuclei transfer themselves to the Accumulation range.
This, our third and middle range, comprises diameters roughly between 0.1 and
2 microns. We shall now be able to see that this Accumulation range is the most
important for museums to deal with and therefore dictates the type of air filter to
UISC.
First, the black tarry matter in Smog started life as gases formed in the higher
temperature combustion processes (cars and oil-fired power plants).
Photochemical reactions yielded particulates in the Nuclei range, which
presently coagulated into the Accumulation range.
Secondly, this range includes sulphates and nitrates, the end oxidation
products of SO2 and NO2, together with ammonia.
Thirdly, it can be calculated that most of the surface in an average collection
of particulates is on those in the Accumulation range. All particles adsorb gases
and vapours. Therefore, most of the adsorbed pollutant gases will be on
particles in the Accumulation range. . .
. . .To make sure of a sample where the distribution of particles had aged,
falling into the Accumulation range of about 0.1 to 2 microns, the sampler was
taken out to the desert 200 km NE of Los Angeles where local emission of large
particles was very low and cars were not present. Nevertheless, when the wind
was in the right direction a fairly large sample of aged Fine particulates carried
from Los Angeles was collected. The small hump between 1 and 10 microns
shows that some Coarse particulates were also present.
In general particulate counts have this bi-modal distribution, meaning that
there are two peaks. The peak with mass maximum around 10 microns shows
the Coarse particulates. The second peak, near 0.1 microns represents the
Nuclei and accumulation particulates. . .
10
PARTICULATE CONCENTRATIONS TODAY
In the U.K. and probably in most of Western Europe the situation was - literally
— at its blackest before the passing of the Clean Air Act in 1956. Smoke levels
at Kew, a suburb of London, were falling when records were started in 1922.
Average winter levels were near 1000 pg/m’ in London in the early 1950s,
whereas the average winter level near the National Gallery (one of the smokiest
areas of London) had fallen to 160pg/m” by 1967. The yearly average level for
London now is only 401gſm'. This can be taken as an average sort of figure for
towns in Western Europe. . .
There are not now any pockets of pure country air left in Europe and North
America, industrial pollution having spread over the whole area to give
background levels of around 20 ugſm’.
Apart from urban pollution, natural particulates produced by forest and plant
cover, including volatile material given off by them and polymerisd by sunlight,
may contribute up to 15 ugm’, but usually much less...
11
3.
DUST ON ROCKART
3.1
BACKGROUND
A literature search was undertaken utilizing the key words “rock art” and “dust.” Not
surprisingly, several titles were located that incorporate these key words. However, the
articles are general and predictable in their concerns and advice, for example, urging care
not to stir up dust that could settle on rock art when visiting sites.
Over the last 40 years, undoubtedly the best scientific studies of rock art environments
and conservation have taken place in the great Paleolithic caves of France and Spain.
However, the caves differ so greatly from the canyons and cliff faces of Nine Mile
Canyon that they do not present useful analogs for this study.
Consequently, when the articles on the Paleolithic caves and the generalized literature on
rock art preservation are filtered out, there is scant scientific literature on dust on rock art.
However, before examining the few relevant studies on dust and rock art, it is useful to
review environmental studies undertaken in Venice, Italy, almost 40 years ago because in
many was they set the foundation for subsequent studies of particulates on cultural
property. This pioneering research was on the effects of air pollution on the exterior
architecture and sculpture of Venice. It identified the complexities of pollution and its
effects on cultural property Operating out of Palazzo Papadopoli, monitoring stations
were set up all over the ancient city of Venice, recording the types and rates of air
pollution and other meteorological data. These data were fed into a computer center in
the palace. The resulting data were impressive and ultimately quite critical for the
preservation of the city.
Briefly summarized, it had been assumed that most of the harmful pollution came from
two nearby industrial centers on the mainland, Mestre-Marghera. However, the long
term monitoring proved that much of the harmful pollution, in reality, was being
generated in Venice itself. This research led to the development of concrete steps to
control air pollution in Venice and in Mestre-Marghera. This pioneering research
demonstrated that pollution can be monitored and quantified, and the remedial
interventions can be effective.
12
3.2
RELEVANT LITERATURE
ON DUST IMPACTS ON ROCKART
The few relevant studies of the impacts of dust on rock art come from past and on-going
rock-art studies in Australia.
The role played by dust in the deterioration of rock art located on panels and in shelters
probably first was articulated by Moorwood in 1994 (Moorwood 1994). However, the
first true scientific study of this problem appears only recently, in 1998 (Watchman.
(1999). Watchman’s research confirmed that dust kicked up from vehicular traffic on
nearby unpaved roads can settle on and impact rock art. His research took place at the
Split Rock site in North Queensland. Analyses indicated that dust particles can include
carbon-rich compounds that probably are created in diesel exhausts which become
attached to the dust while still hot. Transported as aerosols in the wind, this material
settles on rock art and can significantly distort the carbon system of the surface deposits
In 1998, Kakadu National Park in Australia became a focus of concern due to the
ascertained and potential dangers posed to this World Heritage Site by proposed uranium
mining at the Jabiluka mining and milling centers. Prof. F. Francioni was sent on a
mission to Kakadu by ICOMOS, and he produced a report ICOMOS World Heritage
Committee Mission to Kakadu 1998. Unfortunately, it would appear that few of the
report’s sixteen recommendations were enacted. Mining clearly has gone ahead,
including several lawsuits over safety lapses, as reported by BBC news in February,
2006. Unfortunately, there seem to be no follow-up studies in Kakadu that would
confirm or refute the assumption that particulates from mining and milling have affected
the rock art.
However, a line literally has been drawn in the sand at the spectacular rock art site at
Dampier, in northwest Australia. This site and the current and on-going studies for its
conservation undoubtedly provide the most relevant analog for Nine Mile Canyon,
although with important caveats. Specifically, the environments of Nine Mile Canyon
and Dampier are almost diametric opposites. Nine Mile Canyon is located at a relatively
high altitude in the semi-arid Southwest, while Dampier is a humid marine environment.
In Nine Mile Canyon, the rock art is both pictographs and petroglyphs in shelters and on
rock faces. At Dampier the rock art is petroglyphs primarily on bolders.
The primary threats are from industrial development at Dampier, so air pollution is the
focus of the research. In Nine Mile Canyon dust is the principal threat, although
magnesium chloride may eventually be shown to be a threat. -
13
The Burrup Peninsula formerly Dampier Island is one of the 47 islands that
make up the Dampier Archipelago. The Burrup (Peninsula) and the islands
house what is considered to be the largest and possibly the oldest gallery of
petroglyphs anywhere in the world. The Dampier Archipelago is located off the
northwest coast of Western Australia in the Pilbara.
This is the largest and most important petroglyph series in the world, but no one
knows for sure how many petroglyphs there are in the 2.7-billion year old
plutonic stones in Dampier, but almost certainly there are more than one million.
The government appreciates the cultural and heritage value of the rock art while
recognizing (that) the Burrup industrial precinct is of vital economic importance
to the local state and national economies. So before deciding on a location, the
government commissioned researchers from CSIRO (Australia’s national
scientific research organization) and Murdoch University to monitor sites both
near the industrial building and far across the Burrup Peninsula.
Work began in the summer of 2004 and will continue for 4 years. Scientists will
monitor atmospheric emissions and their effects on the rocks. At the end of the
study period, they will report their findings to the government and recommend
any future actions says Murray who is chair of the Burrup Rock Art Monitoring
14
Management Committee, which oversees the studies. “These studies are to be
the most thorough scientific research of impacts on rock art ever undertaken in
Australia.” Murray says.
The GeoNews article was in response to the CSIRO Newsletter of September, 2004, and
to a large body of adverse publicity brought against the government of Australia by many
rock art organizations and the World Monuments Fund. A delegation was sent to the
Burrup and the entire site was put on its “Most Threatened List,” to the consternation of
the government of Western Australia.
The CSIRO Newsletter, of CSIRO Atmospheric Research, Issue 14, September 2004,
summarizes the research project: -
15
The CSIRO Atmospheric Research component of the project, led by Mr. Rob
Gillett and involving Dr. Greg Ayers, has established sampling systems in
consultation with the local Aboriginal community at seven sites, from north
Burrup, Gidley Island and Dolphin Island to close to the industrial areas.
Ambient concentrations of a range of pollutants and dust in the air and on the
rock surfaces are being measured along with the microclimate.
“At each site we will measure nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, BTEX
gases (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes), aerosols such as air
pollutant particles and dust, as well as rain, temperature, humidity, wind speed
and wind direction,” says Mr. Gillett.
The collected gas, particle and weather data will be used to establish the origin
ºt
of air pollutants and dust, to address concerns about possible effects of current
and future industry emissions on the rock art of the Burrup Peninsula.
º
The study aims to investigate natural processes and emissions that might
*
degrade the rock art, to monitor changes over time and propose management
measures if required for on-going preservation and conservation.
This research project has now reached its mid-point. Apparently, no provisional reports
on the results to date have been published.
3.3
CONCLUSIONS
The literature search confirmed that there is no project that sets a precedent or provides
an exact model for a dust study in Nine Mile Canyon. However, research that took place
more almost 40 years ago in Venice confirms that atmospheric monitoring over a wide
area can provide critical information about pollution and its effects on cultural property.
Currently only one project, at Burrup, Australia, appears to have research goals similar to
those outlined for Nine Mile Canyon. However, Burrup and Nine Mile Canyon are
dissimilar in many ways. Nevertheless, it is possible that Burrup can provide very useful
analogs for Nine Mile Canyon once the Burrup research concludes in about 2 years and if
it is decided that investigations should continue at Nine Mile Canyon.
However, the problem of dust in Nine Mile Canyon is current and active and must be
addressed immediately. Consequently, it was concluded that site specific avenues of
research would have to be developed and implemented specifically for Nine Mile
Canyon.
16
4.
NINE MILE CANYON AND DRY CANYON:
FIELD SAMPLING,
JULY 2007
4.1
NINE MILE CANYON
Nine Mile Canyon is about 70 miles long. It was formed about 55 million years ago from
lake sediments. As the land was up-lifted, Nine Mile Creek began cutting the canyon.
The sediments of the lake formed the massive sandstone and shale formations visible
today.
Native Americans utilized the area for at least 8,000 years, leaving behind the
outstanding rock art that is the focus of this study. Nine Mile Canyon was first mapped
around 1869 by John Wesley Powell. In 1886, a trail in the canyon became a Federal
Highway. The US 9" Cavalry built the road in the canyon and a telegraph line to service
the military post at Fort Duchesne soon after. Homesteading in the canyon began in
earnest around 1905, with the introduction of cattle throughout the network of primary
and secondary canyons. By the 1950s, networks of roads were installed to facilitate
mining and energy-related extractive work. This industrial activity has continued on and
off since the 1950s, but resumed on a major scale beginning around 2000.
4.2
SUMMARY OF SAMPLING METHODOLOGY
From July 9-12, 2007, the author and Julie Howard, Archaeologist, BLM, utilized five
sites in Nine Mile Canyon to study whether dust is generated by vehicular traffic and, if
so, to what extent those impacts can be documented, identified and quantified.
The five sites were selected based on their locations and configurations, allowing the
development of a simple hypothesis for sampling. It was hypothesized that a rock-art site
located close to an untreated area of road would be subjected to the heaviest
contamination by dust generated by vehicles. Contamination by dust should be markedly
minimized if a site is located on a section of road that was treated with magnesium
chloride for dust abatement or is located in some sort of protected environment, such as
the shelter of Rasmussen Cave. Finally, a control site, in Dry Canyon, was selected for
study. It was hypothesized that a site located away from industrial activity, on a road that
has no heavy vehicles, should show the least amount of dust contamination.
17
4.2.1
PARTICLE COUNTER
Two field collection systems were devised in consultation with scientists from the
analytical laboratory, EMLS. One collection system utilizes the Lighthouse Airborne
Particle Counter 3016/5016. This instrument uses a laser-diode light source and
collection optics for particle detection. Particles scatter light from the laser diode. The
collection optics collect and focus the light onto a photo diode that converts the bursts of
light into electrical pulses. The pulse height is a measure of the particle size. Pulses are
counted and their amplitude is measured for particle sizing. Results are displayed as
particle counts in the specified channel.
The data format is either Raw or Normalized. Raw data displays the actual number of
particles counted. The format from the Differential, rather than the Cumulative count,
was selected for the field work because the measurements were being taken in the open
air, rather than in a discrete volume of air, such as would be found in a room. Readings
of one minute were taken at the five sites. A count was taken when no traffic was on the
road. A second count was taken just after the transit of vehicular traffic.
4.2.2
LABORATORY ANALYSES OF SAMPLES
Physical samples also were taken from each of the five sites, for analysis by EMLS. Bulk
samples of adjacent road material were collected. Petri dishes were left at all the sites for
a period of 24 hours. The purpose was to collect the particulates that settle from the air
and to analyze their component chemistry, with the objective of determining their loci of
origin. At some sites, small samples of rock were removed from the extremities of
panels, in order to determine if they have become contaminated with dust and magnesium
chloride. Secondarily, a study will be made of the porosity of the rock samples, to
determine the extent to which particulates can become entrapped on and in the surface of
a rock-art panel.
The collected samples were sent to EMLS for analysis. The results of the analyses are
included as Appendix 1 of this report. The elemental spectra created by Scanning
electron microscopy/X-Ray diffraction are provided. These spectra are like de facto
signatures that identify each sample. Very similar spectra almost certainly indicate dust
samples that have the same point of origin and conversely, different spectra almost
certainly indicate different points of origin. Hence, nearly identical spectra from a road
sample and from depositional dust on an adjacent rock art panel would signal that the
panel likely is being contaminated from the road.
EMLS was requested to investigate the possible presence of magnesium chloride in each
sample. It has been assumed that sections of the road were treated with magnesium
chloride for dust abatement. Thus, identification of magnesium chloride in samples from
the road and in depositional dust at rock art sites almost certainly would confirm that sites
are being contaminated from the road.
18
However, contamination of rock art by magnesium chloride also would be a cause for
concern. Magnesium chloride is the name for the chemical compounds that are salts
having the formulas MgCl2 and its various hydrates MgCl2(H2), They are highly soluble
in water because they are typical ionic halides. Liquid magnesium chloride or in powder
form is applied to control dust and erosion on unimproved dirt and gravel roads and at
dusty job sites. Because it is so hygroscopic, it will absorb moisture from the air, which
controls the number of small particulates that can get into the air. Magnesium chloride
can also be mixed with hydrated magnesium oxide to form a hard material called Sorel
cement. As will be explained further in this report, magnesium chloride increasingly is
being condemned as a highly corrosive and reactive compound that is implicated in the
deterioration of cement buildings, vehicles and vegetation. The stewards of the resources
of Nine Mile Canyon thus should proceed with prudence when using this compound in
proximity to natural and cultural resources.
4.2.3
VISUAL OBSERVATION
Lastly, simple visual examination proved invaluable. As the photographs included with
this report show, it is possible to identify road areas that produce exceptional amounts of
dust as a result of vehicular traffic and road degradation, and to observe their deposition
on rock-art panels.
4.3
THE FIVE TEST SITES:
RESULTS OF FIELD SAMPLING
AND LABORATORYANALYSES
Each test site is described. The descriptions of the five sites are derived from site forms
provided by the BLM. Data from readings with the particle counter are provided.
Laboratory analyses are explained. Insofar as possible to date, conclusions are made
regarding the particulates at each site and the threats they pose
4 3. I
-º-º-º-º-º-
SITE I
HARMON CANYONSITE
42DC162
Description:
The site is located along a low cliff face, about 46 feet from the road. The site consists of
groups of petroglyphs located on the second tier of cliffs above the road, facing
Southeastward. The panels include: an interesting sheep hunting scene with two hunters
with bows and arrows; two sheep tracks, two fields of dots; two crude anthropomorphic
figures; and a complex abstract, web-like configuration
The road has been heavily treated for dust abatement with (assumed) magnesium
chloride, and it gets constant watering. Dust is visibly abated by this road treatment.
However, substantial dust is present on areas of the panel, but it is not clear when this
dust was deposited.
Photographs:
1.1
1.2
1.3
Particle Counts:
Particle Count taken at 10:20 AM, with no road traffic:
|l A Ft.”
0.3 10,658.4
0.5 611.8
1.0 146.8
2.5 189.9
5.0 41.7
10.0 10.7
1.0 189.3
2.5 222.5
5.0 32.7
10.0 5.9
SITE I
HARMON CANYONSITE
INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Particulates in the air were only slightly increased during the passing of vehicular traffic.
This section of the road has been heavily treated for dust abatement and is constantly
watered. These interventions clearly reduce the amount of dust that is generated by
traffic.
20
The dust abatement material has been referred to generically as magnesium chloride.
However, this section of the road is not within the purview of the BLM. Rather, it is
subject to maintenance by the county, but exactly what that maintenance entails is not
known at this time.
In fact, magnesium chloride can be used alone in powder or flake form for dust
abatement purposes, but if this were the case on the road near site 42Dc162, the presence
of magnesium chloride would be identifiable in the sample. The elemental analyses of the
sample from the road are quite intriguing because they indicate the presence of both
magnesium and chloride, but magnesium chloride itself could not be isolated nor
identified during extensive laboratory tests. One possible explanation is that the road has
not been treated and the magnesium and chloride are present as other naturally
constituents of the sample. Another explanation may be that the road was not treated
with magnesium chloride per se. Instead, it may have been treated with a mixture of
hydrated magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, to form a hard material that is called
Sorel cement. In fact, the road is remarkably hard and permits little escape of dust into
the air. At present, this critical anomaly cannot be explained and will require additional
investigations.
4.3.2
SITE 2
COTTONWOOD CANYONSITE,
THE PANEL ABOVE THE “HUNTSCENE”
42Cb238
Description:
This is an outstanding petroglyph panel that is closely associated with the “Hunt Scene”
panel, recognized as a major example of prehistoric rock art in the area.
This site was originally recorded in 1976 by Lindsay and Sargent and revisited in 1993
by USAS. It consists of four rock art panels on a large rock face above a 4-meter high
ledge. Panel 1 consists of a possible shield motif, a zoomorph, historic initials (TJ) and a
zoomorph and a deep groove. Panel 2 is a wide panel located to the left (south) of panel
1. It exhibits five zoomorphs, three snakes, nine dot group, one coiled circle, two
bullseye designs, and one anthropomorph balanced atop a half pie design. Panel 3 is an
isolated square-like element above and to the left of Panel 2. Panel 4 displays historic
letters, numbers, and some very faint anthropomorphs.
Both panels have been visibly affected by a covering of light dust. The road near the
panels has been worn down to a powdery consistency. When any vehicle passes, clouds
of fine dust are generated. This dust from the road has settled on the rock art panel.
21
Date of Examination: July 10, 2007
Photographs:
2.1 º
2.2
2.3
ſº.
2.4
2.3 Rock sample taken from panel (below and to left of large panel). Porosity
study; particle size analysis; mineral identification; presence of magnesium
chloride.
Particle Counts: -
Particle count taken July 10, 2007, 11:30AM, with no traffic on the road.
|l A Ft.”
0.3 9235.8
0.5 3307.4 --
1.0 2752.8
2.5 4802.1 º
5.0 1105.3 ...tº
10.0 682.4 2.
**
|l A Ft * .
0.3 13,093.6
0.5 14,391.3
1.0 13,059.5
2.5 25,622.8
5.0 5,750.8
10.0 11,009.0
22
SITE 2
COTTONWOOD CANYONSITE,
THE PANEL ABOVE THE “HUNTING SCENE”
INTERPRETATION
The road adjacent to the site has been reduced to fine powder. As the included
photographs show, the powdery particulates are thrown into the air by traffic; the finest
particles remain suspended until they settle in a surface. There is obvious heavy
deposition of dust and fine particulates on the panel. The particle counts confirm these
visual observations.
The elemental analysis of the sample from the road adjacent to site 42Cb238 raises
several questions. It has been assumed that this section of road has never been treated
with magnesium chloride. However, there is a clear indication for the presence of
magnesium and chloride in the sample. Additionally, the spectra for sample 2.1 is quite
similar to the spectra for sample 1.1, although there is the presence of traces of gold (Au)
in the sample 2.1.
There are several possible explanations. First, the magnesium and chloride may be
occurring naturally. Second, the road may have had an unauthorized treatment with
magnesium chloride or a similar dust abatement material. Third, magnesium chloride
may have been transported on the wheels of vehicle, contaminating the road and the
adjacent rock art. The ability of magnesium chloride to cling to vehicles, be transported,
and contaminate distant property has been noted and is a source of concern in many parts
of the United States (Ucar 2000).
The spectra from the petri dish left at the site are quite interesting. There are some
dissimilarities between the depositional spectra and the spectra from the road,
Specifically, sodium (Na) is not present in the depositional spectra.
4.2.3
SITE 3
THE HUNTSCENE
42Cb239
Description:
This site was originally recorded in 1976 by Lindsay and Sargent and re-visited in 1993
by USAS. This is a famous rock art site in Nine Mile Canyon known as “The Great
Hunt.” The site is described as two components of rock art, petroglyphs and pictographs.
Panel 1 consists of seven white daub pictographs, the southernmost, appears to be an
outline of a shield containing four short lines hanging from the bottom and three vertical
lines. There are several indiscernible white marks and a circle with three vertical lines in
side.
Panel 2 exhibits three large red and chalked circle pictographs with underlying
petroglyphs, zig-zag lines, oval shaped pictograph of grayish-white pigment, a yellowish
23
gold pictograph, and a small circle of gray pigment, Below and above the pictographs
are petroglyphs, including numerous sheep, deer, zoomorphs, and a buffalo. There are
modern historic inscriptions present on the panel as well. The panel is along the back
wall of a shallow overhang with an oxidized ceiling from campfires which were probably
ancient and modern. Component B consists of six petroglyph panels including “The
Great Hunt” (Comp B, Panel 1) which contains a total of 43 figures. The panels consist
of anthropomorphs, bow and arrow hunters, numerous zoomorphs, sheep, and abstract
designs.
The rock-art panel is located 125 feet from the road. The road has been reduced to a
powdery surface. When large industrial vehicles passed, vast clouds of fine particulates
were thrown at least 150 feet in the air and remained suspended until settling on nearby
rock surfaces. There is obvious heavy deposition of fine particulates on the panel, as
shown in the included photographs.
3.2 Petri dish, particulate settling after 24 hours. Particle size distribution;
mineral identification; presence of magnesium chloride.
3.3 Road, bulk sample. Particle size analysis; mineral identification; presence of
magnesium chloride.
Particle Counts:
A particle count was taken with no traffic on the road, on July 10, 1007, at 1:25PM.
|l A Ft.”
0.3 10,475.9
0.5 480.6
1.0 52.7
2.5 51.7
5.0 7.4
10.0 16.4
24
A particle count taken at 1:45 PM, with 1 pickup truck and 3 heavy industrial trucks
converging on the site:
|l A Ft.”
0.3 40,100.00
0.5 10,108.0
1.0 7,275.2
2.5 14,334.6
5.0 3,560.9
10.0 2,028.6
4.2.3
SITE 3
THE HUNTSCENE
INTERPRETATION
The road adjacent to the site 3 has been reduced to a powdery consistency. As the
photographs show, when any vehicles pass large clouds of fine dust are thrown at least
150 feet into the air and linger for at least 10 minutes. When the vehicular traffic is
especially heavy, the plume of dust visibly increases in size and density. This fine dust is
blown against the nearest rock face and settles on it. There is no doubt that the dust has
affected the rock art.
Sample 3.1 is a bulk sample that was taken from the road adjacent to the site. Sample 3.2
is a sample of depositional dust collected from a petri dish left at the site for 24 hours.
The spectra of sample 3.1 and 3.2 are remarkably similar. The only conclusion is that the
dust from the road is carried to and is deposited on the panel.
Spectra from samples 3.1 and 3.2 also indicate the presence of magnesium and chloride,
but additional tests will be need to determine if the spectra indicate naturally occurring
magnesium and chloride or the introduced presence of the salt magnesium chloride,
either as a contaminant on vehicles or as unauthorized or unrecorded dust abatement
treatments.
4.2.4
SITE
IT 4.
DRY CANYON PETROGLYPHS
43Ch31
Description:
This is a Fremont rock art site with several structural elements located north of the Dry
Canyon road and designated on the topographic map as “petroglyphs.” The site was
originally documented by the BLM over 30 years ago (Fike 1972) and re-recorded by
MOAC in 2002 (Raney and Montgomery 2002), and again by the BLM in the same year
(Maloney 2002). The site contains five petroglyph panels rendered on the cliff face,
attributed to the Fremont culture. Panel 1 (12 ft ags) has a central spiral/serpent element
25
surrounded by about 24 smaller anthropomorphs (including a figure with a bow and
arrow), zoomorphs, serpents, dot grids, and other abstract elements. Panel 2 (3 ft ags)
displays a solid pecked ‘horned’ anthropomorph and two serpents. Panel 3 (9 ft ags)
shows two spiral serpents and two dot grids. Panel 4 (6 ft ags) has three elements, two
quadrupeds, and an abstract element. Panel 5 (6ft ags) exhibits a series of dots. Maloney
(2002) trowel tested two possible circular structural features to a depth of 20 cm below
ground surface that failed to reveal cultural deposits. No artifacts were found at the site.
For this study, Dry Canyon served as a control because there is no development activity
on the old access road that runs into the canyon. Unlike the main road of Nine Mile
Canyon, the access road into Dry Canyon receives almost no traffic at all. For this reason,
the road has retained its hard-pack gravel surface. The adjacent rock art is visibly free of
depositional dust.
Photographs:
4.1
4.2
4.3
Particle Counts:
Particle count taken at 2:50PM:
|l A Ftº
0.3 12,069.7
0.5 517.1
1.0 30.7
2.5 26.4
5.0 2.3
10.0 0.6
SITE 4
DRY CANYON PETROGLYPHS
INTREPRETATION
As the included photographs show, the lightly used road adjacent to the panel has
retained a natural hard-packed surface. In this regard, it is interesting to note that the
26
particle count quite closely resembles those taken at sites where the main road in Nine
Mile Canyon has been treated with a dust abatement system and constant watering.
However, the slightly elevated particulate count in the 0.3pl range could be due to other
factors, such as naturally occurring particulates such as pollen or from smoke from the
huge forest fires that burned nearby while the count was being taken.
Data generated from the laboratory analyses of the collected samples from Dry Canyon
are intriguing. Sample 4.3 are spectra of a sample of the road adjacent to the rock art.
The spectra closely resemble the spectra from the road adjacent to the Hunt Scene, in
Nine Mile Canyon, with one critical exception: no magnesium chloride is present in the
Dry Canyon sample, either naturally occurring or as an introduced material.
Sample 4.1 is the spectra of depositional material from the petri dish left at the site for 24
hours. The depositional material does not resemble the material of the road, suggesting
that material deposited at the site is not generated from the road. Magnesium chloride is
not present.
4.2.5
SITE 5
RASMUSSEN CAVE
42Cb16
Description:
The site is located in an overhang of a cliff face approximately 30 m north of Nine Mile
Canyon road, due north across the canyon from the entrance to Dry Canyon. This site is
commonly known as Rasmussen Cave. It was originally recorded as part of the Claflin
Emerson expeditions in the 1930s and details of the artifacts recovered and excavation
are provided in The Fremont Culture authored by James Gunnerson in 1969. In 1991, the
site was revisited as part of the Nine-Mile Canyon Survey (Report No U-91BL661). At
that time, the site was reported as an overhang measuring 28 m wide and 7.5 m deep at its
deepest point. The eastern half of the cave floor was littered with large boulders that fell
from the ceiling in pre-occupation times. The western portion of the cave contained a flat
area that may have served as the main activity area. Almost all surface boulders within
the overhang contain petroglyphs and/or pictographs. The site has been vandalized
extensively. The entire floor of the cave has been dug, and historic names, dates, etc. are
superimposed over much of the rock art. Portions of panels 15 and 18 have been chiseled
off. A total of 30 rock panels were described at the site. Three clefts (Clefts A, B, and C)
were originally excavated within the cave. Some of the artifacts recovered include
Emery Grayware sherds, ceramic figurines, clay blobs, a scraper, a mano, hide pieces,
bone fragments, cord fragments, a reed tube, reed mat fragments, basket fragments, corn,
a digging stick, stone points, a stone drill, one serrated bone tool, a spear foreshaft, and
an atlatl. A Basketmaker-type burial was excavated in Cleft A. During the current
inventory, a datum stamped with the permanent site number was placed at the site, and an
updated topographic map was prepared; no further documentation was undertaken.
27
The road in front of the cave has been treated with a dust abatement material, assumed to
be magnesium chloride. The road is often watered. Nevertheless, there is a substantial
layer of fine dust on the rock fall in front of the panel. This dust was sampled to test the
hypothesis that it might be from the road prior to its treatment with a dust abatement
material.
Photographs:
5.1
5.2
5.3
Particle Counts:
The particle count was taken at 12:05Pm on July 11, 2007, with no traffic on the road:
|l A Ft.”
0.3 10,176.5
0.5 448.0
1.0 79.2
2.5 1,51.3
5.0 40.0
10.0 9.8
The particle count was taken at 12:30PM with two vehicles passing in opposite
directions:
|l A Ft”
0.3 10,437.5
0.5 693.0
1.0 288.8
2.5 723.2
5.0 180.0
10.0 58.0
28
SITE 4
RASMUSSEN CAVE
INTERPRETATION
Only a slight increase in airborne particulates occurred with the passage of vehicles on
the road, suggesting that dust abatement can greatly contain the genesis of dust.
The interior of the cave is heavily covered in dust, but it is not clear when and how this
dust accumulated. The origin of this dust remains an interesting question. It may have
been generated within the cave by the activity of unauthorized hikers, campers and illegal
excavators; indeed, during the course of this study prehistoric corn cobs were observed
strewn about the floor of the shelter, suggesting unauthorized “pot-hunting.” However,
the dust may have been generated from the road before dust abatement treatment. Data
from the laboratory analyses are intriguing. -
Sample 5.2 is the elemental spectra from the dust removed from the rock fall at the front
of the cave. The spectra are so similar to the spectra for 4.3, the sample from the road in
Dry Canyon, that they are almost identical. Indeed, there is no presence of possible
magnesium chloride in Sample 5.2, nor is there a possibility of magnesium chloride in
sample 4.3.
The sample of depositional material collected in the petri dish, sample 5.1, is very similar
to sample 52---and thus to sample 4.3, from the road in Dry Canyon---but there is a
major difference: the depositional material contains spectra that indicate the possible
presence of magnesium chloride.
The sample from the road in front of Rasmussen Cave, sample 5.3, shares many
similarities with the depositional dust, including spectra that indicate the possible
presence of magnesium chloride.
These data provide grist for an obvious---but still unproven---hypothesis. The dust on the
rock fall was deposited from the road prior to fairly recent dust abatement treatments and
thus closely resembles the undisturbed road of Dry Canyon---neither of which manifest
any evidence for the presence of magnesium chloride. Following dust-abatement
treatments, magnesium chloride was introduced and has found its way into the air as a
particulate and has settled as such in the petri dish that was left at the site.
29
5
CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Although the research described in this report remains in progress, it is possible to
conclude that the degraded sections of road in Nine Mile Canyon are generating large
amounts of dust as industrial traffic passes. These particulates are very fine and would
appear to conform to the descriptions by Thomson: that the finest particles are the most
dangerous for cultural property for many reasons, including their ability to remain
suspended in air until they find a surface upon which to settle. In the case of Nine Mile
Canyon, that surface can be a rock-art panel.
There is an on-going study of traffic in Nine Mile Canyon, supervised by the BLM, but
on-site observations alone indicate that heavy industrial traffic has increased as energy
related work has increased. This traffic quickly cuts through any protective hardpack on
the road and reaches and liberates the powdery substrate, which is thrown into the air as
dust. In this regard, it should be recalled that the canyon was created by water-borne
depositions, so fine silts and clays would not be unexpected. The heavy traffic further
pulverizes these very fine particulates.
It is also clear that treatments that control the generation of dust from the road have been
effective, although not perfect. In this regard, particle counts taken in Dry Canyon,
where the road remains naturally hard-packed and receives little traffic, are very close to
the particle counts taken at sites where the adjacent road sections have been treated with a
dust abatement system and are watered continuously.
The analytical systems utilized in this study provided useful and verifiable data. These
methods are especially useful because they are relatively inexpensive and simple to use,
and the data are generated quite quickly. However, some refinements in use of these
systems will be required. There is a discrepancy in the raw data from on-site readings
with the particle counter, when compared with particle size distribution calculated from
collected depositional material. One possible explanation is that the particle counter
literally counts all particles in the air, including smoke, pollen and vegetal exudates, but
these particulates are not calculated in the depositional analysis by laboratory systems.
To date the laboratory analyses, in combination with visual observations, confirmed that
conditions at the control site, Dry Canyon, differ substantially from those at the sites in
Nine Mile Canyon. In Nine Mile Canyon, the combination of raw road surfaces and
heavy vehicular traffic produces large plumes of fine dust that settle on the adjacent rock
30
art. Laboratory analyses provided spectra “signatures” of the depositional dust that
confirm that it originates from the road at the Hunt Scene and Cottonwood Canyon panel.
However, the depositional dust at the two sites adjacent to sections of road treated for
dust abatement raises several questions about the origins of the dust overall on many sites
in Nine Mile Canyon. Specifically, variations in the spectra suggest that some of the dust
may have been deposited prior to the current industrial use of the road at Rasmussen
Cave.
At all the study sites, the analyses raised an important, intriguing and totally unexpected
question: what dust abatement system has been used on the road in Nine Mile Canyon?
The dust abatement work on the road has occurred on sections that are under the purview
of agencies not connected to the BLM. Consequently, the BLM does not have verifiable
records of that road work. The anecdotal information is that magnesium chloride was
used for dust abatement, but no documentation of its use has been provided.
In fact, magnesium chloride is widely used as flakes and as a powder for both dust
abatement and for de-icing. Analyses confirm the presence of magnesium and chloride in
samples from the road and in depositional dust in Nine Mile Canyon, but the actual salt,
magnesium chloride, has not been isolated and identified. The presence and possible
contamination of sites by magnesium chloride is a critical component of this study.
Magnesium and chloride may be present naturally in the particulates of Nine Mile
Canyon, although they are not present in Dry Canyon or in some of the dust at
Rasmussen Cave.
The obvious source of magnesium chloride would be its application for dust control on
the road. However, it has not been possible thus far to isolate and identify magnesium
chloride from a section of treated road adjacent to the Harmon Canyon site. A possible
explanation is that magnesium chloride was used with hydrated magnesium oxide to
create a hard-pack surface material called Sorel cement. If this is the case, perhaps the
magnesium chloride is transformed in the process, making its identification impossible.
The analytical mystery surrounding the use and presence of magnesium chloride in Nine
Mile Canyon must be clarified. The presence of introduced magnesium chloride could
serve as an effective marker as research in dust abatement and control continue in the
canyon. Because of mounting concern about the environmental impacts caused by
magnesium chloride, it is important to know if it is present and has contaminated the rock
art. Continuing research will be required.
Finally, and most importantly, the need for refinement of analytical methods and
additional research must not deflect from the need to act quickly to stop the generation of
dust on the road in Nine Mile Canyon and to treat sites that have been affected. The final
sections will examine these two critical issues.
31
5.I
DUSTABATEMENT ON THE ROAD AND
CONCERNSABOUT MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE
Increasingly, there is a body of scientific literature that is raising concerns about the use
of magnesium chloride. Magnesium chloride is a salt that will deliquesce at a very low
relative humidity; that is, it will pull ambient water out of the air and remain wet. A case
history that reveals the potential for the deleterious effects of magnesium chloride
occurred some years ago at the Metropolitan Museum. The Abbydos Frieze is an
important work of art from dynastic Egypt, on display in the museum. It is made from
carved limestone, which was constantly deteriorating. Eventually, it was determined that
naturally occurring magnesium chloride in the stone was heavily deliquescing in the
humid climate of New York City. The magnesium chloride could not be removed from
the fabric of the stone. Therefore, the frieze had to be placed in a climate-controlled case.
More troubling data about the use of magnesium chloride is being raised from several
agencies and organizations around the country following its introduction as a de-icing
material (Cody 1996; Cody 2000; Leiser 1967). The work of these concerned scientists
contrasts (not unexpectedly) with the benign pronouncements of the companies that make
and market magnesium chloride (Peters Chemical Industry 2006).
A particularly focused and accessible paper has been written by Peter Snow of the
American Concrete Institute (Snow 2002). Salient passages are quoted:
During the winter of 2000–2001 scaling on concrete surfaces in the Idaho Falls
region increased 10 times more than in all the previous 9 winters. The
American Concrete Institute (AC1 302) and the National Ready Mix Concrete
Association in their series “Concrete in Practice” define local flaking or peeling
of a finished surface of hardened concrete as a result of freezing and thawing. A
review of scientific and engineering literature indicated that chloride-containing
deicing materials such as calcium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium
chloride can exacerbate scaling as concrete goes through freeze-thaw cycles. By
the winter of 2000–20001 there was a major change: governments had
introduced a relatively new magnesium chloride-based deicing material.
How does magnesium chloride damage concrete? One must have a fundamental
knowledge of concrete in its hardened state. Concrete, when setting from a
plastic to hardened condition, goes through a number of chemical reactions.
Basically, hardened concrete consists of two major chemical compounds;
32
calcium-silicate-hydrate and calcium hydroxide. Actually, the reaction products
from cement hydration with water are very chemically complex, but for the
purposes of this review we will stick to the basics. When concrete is to be
exposed to severe freezing, it is standard practice to entrain a system of
microscopic air bubble in concrete mixtures typically occupying a volume of 5
8%. The purpose of this air-void system is to provide space for the increased
volume that water will occupy as it becomes ice. If one were to look at concrete
under a microscope in the range of 3000x this entrained air would look very
much like a wasp nest. Magnesium chloride for deicing is effective in reducing
the temperature at which water freezes. The problem begins as the magnesium
chloride comes into contact with the now deiced concrete surface and remains
contained in the melt water and permeates into the concrete. While deicing salts
containing sodium, potassium and calcium are chemically innocuous to
concrete, this is not true of magnesium. The magnesium ions accumulate and
react with the cementitious compound calcium-silicate-hydrate converting it to
magnesium-silicate-hydrate (or a mineral called brucite), which is non
cementitious in nature. In other word, a fundamental major mineralogical
product of solidified concrete has now been chemically altered (completely
changed). Formation of magnesium-silicate hydrate breaks down the “glue” that
binds aggregates together and concrete surfaces begin to deteriorate. The net
effect is we now have a chemical and physical attack that concrete is not
designed to withstand, nor be subjected to.
The bad news is that the consequent damage to concrete and its financial impact
upon the community at large is significant. Private property owners particularly
suffer damage and are looking for someone to blame. A couple of essential
points: The magnesium chloride adheres to vehicle tires and to the vehicle itself
and is therefore contaminating private property owners’ driveways and
sidewalks and causing damage as previously outlined. Who is to pay for this?
The last essential point of this review is that this material is extremely corrosive,
causing damage to plant and vegetable life, and greatly accelerating the
destruction of most metals, primarily automobiles and their accessories. The
producers of the magnesium chloride claim to have integrated a corrosion
inhibitor to attempt to negate some of the auto damage, but a joint study of the
Colorado Transportation Department and National Trucking Association (as a
result of truckers’ complaints about corrosion to their vehicle and electronics)
has not borne out that this “corrosion inhibitor” is effective.
Again, there is no proof at present that magnesium chloride used for dust abatement in
Nine Mile Canyon has---or will---become a vector of deterioration for the canyon's
resources. However, it is important that all stewarding agencies be aware of the potential
for damage that this material, and other dust abatement materials, may present.
33
5.2
RECOMMENDATIONS
The mystery surrounding the presence or absence of magnesium chloride in Nine Mile
Canyon needs to be resolved as soon as possible, as part of the continuing research.
4. Location of Impacted Sites. Nine Mile Canyon is replete with rock art panels,
but it is not known how many have been affected by settlement of dust. For the purposes
of long-term planning for both dust abatement on the road and conservation treatment,
impacted sites need to be identified and evaluated.
34
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Cody, R.D.; Cody, A. M.; Spry, P. G.; and Gan, G. 1996. Experimental deterioration of
highway concrete by chloride deicing salts, in Environmental and REngineering
Geoscience, Vol. II, No.4, Winter 1996, pp. 575-588
Lee, H.; Cody, R.D.; Cody, A.M.; and Spry, P.G. 2000. Effects of Various deicing
chemicals on pavement concrete deterioration. Proceedings of the Mid-Continent
Transportation Symposium, Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa
State University.
Francioni. F. 1998. Concerning the World Heritage mission to Kakadu National Park
(Australia), 26 October-1November 1998. Unesco, unpublished report.
Holleman, A.F.; Wiberg, E. Inorganic Chemistry. 2001 Academic Press: San Diego.
Sever, Megen. 2004. Monitoring Aboriginal Rock Art. In Geotimes, November 2004.
Toishi, K. and Kenjo, T. 1967. Alkaline material liberated into the atmosphere from new
concrete. Paint Technology, 39 (1967) 152-55.
35
Watchman, Alan. 1998. Composition and source of dust on Split Rock paintings,
Australia Rock Art Research 15: pp. 36-40.
36
APPENDIX I
LABORATORYANALYSES
ººSº EMSLAnalytical, Inc.
-
Phone: (856)
107 Haddo 858–4e,
n Avenu 800
Westmont, NJ 08.108
*-
º
- Laboratory Report
Material Analysis
For
-Preservar, Inc.–360700.946Preliminary-Page 1 of 23
107 Haddon Avenue, Westmont, NJ 08108
EMSL Analytical, Inc. Phone: (856) 858-4800
Conclusions:
The samples for analysis (15 bulk) arrived at EMSL Analytical's corporate laboratory in Westmont, NJ
on August 13, 2007. The package arrived in satisfactory condition with no evidence of damage to the
contents. The samples were submitted for the purpose of determining the particle sizes/distribution,
porosity, mineral identification and presence of magnesium chloride. The samples reported herein have
been analyzed using the following equipment and methodologies.
Table 1.1. Presents the percentage (by weight) of the particles obtained by sieving
d-20pm 100.00
10 pm.<ds 20 pm 0.00
ds 10 pm 0.00
wº --
3000
Si
2500 -
1500 -
| 1000 -
0 T
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 1.1: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of the particles in sample 1.1 indicating the presence of quartz
(SiO2), clays and feldspars (aluminum silicates), calcite (CaCO3), gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) and the
possible presence of magnesium chloride; however, it is likely the magnesium is associated with
aluminum and silica and the chloride is associated with sodium.
Table 2.1. Presents the percentage (by weight) of the particles obtained by sieving
d-20pm 95.75
10 pm.<ds 20 pm 1.50
1 pm.<ds 10 pm 2.75
3000
Si
_ 2000 :
1500 +
| 1000 + O.
Al
500 - Mg
0 I
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 2.1: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of the particles in sample 2.1 indicatiing the presence of quartz
- - --- -
(SiO2), clays and feldspars (aluminum silicates) and calcite (CaCO3). It is likely the magnesium §
associated with aluminum and silica and the chloride is associated with sodium.
70.0 -i- :
60.0
|
50.0
|
40.0
§ |
30.0 :
20.0 –
|
10.0 - :
0.0 - –
(um) 0.1-n-1 1<nºto 10<nº:100 100-ºn-1000
Table 2.2. Histogram of particle size and distribution for sample 2.2
1600
1400 - Cl
1200 -
#
§ 1000 : i Ca
- S
# 800 Mg
# Au
JE 600 +
O
400 -
C
200 - Fe Au
0 i I T I
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 2.2: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of a single particle in sample 2.2 showing the possible presence
of Magnesium Chloride.
&
W
-
Yºr
**
:*
-
3000
Si
2500 -
2000 -
| 1500 +
1000 -
500 -
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 3.1: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of the particles in sample 3.3 indicating the presence of quartz
(SiO2), clays and feldspars (aluminum silicates) and calcite (CaCO3). It is likely the magnesium is
associated with aluminum and silica and the chloride is associated with sodium
80.0 -
70.0
|
60.0
|
l
50.0
3400
I
|
30.0 |
20.0 t
10.0 |-
0.0 Ll T
Table 3.2. Histogram of particle size and distribution for sample 3.2
2200
2000 - Si
1800 -
1600 -
1400 -
1200 - Ca
| 1000 -
400 HC
200 - Na
6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 3.2: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of a cluster of particles in sample 3.2. Magnesium is
associated with aluminum and silica and chloride is found in association with sodium. Remaining
particles display similar spectra with respect to magnesium and chloride.
Table 3.3. Presents the percentage (by weight) of the particles obtained by sieving
d-20pm 98.18
10 pm.<ds 20 pm 1.57
80.0 T--- - -
70.0
60.0
Table 4.1. Histogram of particle size and distribution for sample 4.1
-Preservar, Inc.–360700946Preliminary-Page 13 of 23
107 Haddon Avenue, Westmont, NJ 08.108
EMSL Analytical, Inc. Phone: (856) 858-4800
4500 + CI
4000 -
3500 -
3000 -
2500 -
| 2000 -
1500 -
1000 -
500 + C O Au
T t
6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 4.1: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of a single of sodium chloride identified in sample 4.1. chloride
was not found with magnesium.
º
EMSL Analytical, Inc. ºº::-"
Table 4.3. Presents the percentage (by weight) of the particles obtained by sieving
Sample ID Site 4.
d-20pm 97.90
10 pm.<ds 20 pm 1.40
ds 10 pm 0.70
-Preservar, Inc.–360700946Preliminary-Page 15 of 23
§ EMSL Analytical, Inc. º:-"
3000
Si
2500 -
2000 -
1500 -
| 1000 -
0 T T T T
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 4.3: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of the particles in sample 4.3 showing no presence of
magnesium chloride.
90.0
80.0
70.0
60.0
3 500
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
(um) 0.1-ºn-1 1<nº:10 10<nºt OO 100-ºn-1000
Table 5.1. Histogram of particle size and distribution for sample 5.1
-Preservar, Inc.–360700.946Preliminary-Page 17 of 23
º EMSL Analytical, Inc. Phone:
(856)
Westmont, NJ 08.108
858-4800
107 Haddon Avenue,
C.
Attn.: Constance S. Silver EMSL Case No.: 360700946Preliminary
Preservar, Inc. Sample(s) Received: 08/13/2007
15 Forest Street Date of Analysis: 09/26/2007
Brattleboro, Vermont 05301 Date Printed: 09/26/2007
Reported By: D. D'Ulisse
Phone: 802-246-1103
2500
Si
2000 -
Ca
1500 -
| 1000 -
Au
500 -
Fe
Au
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 5.1: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of a cluster of particles in sample 5.1. Magnesium is
associated with aluminum and silica and chloride is found in association with sodium.
Table 5.2. Presents the percentage (by weight) of the particles obtained by sieving
Sample ID Site 5.
d-20pm 99.78
10 pm.<ds 20 pm 0.20
ds 10 pm 0.00
3000
Si
2500 -
1500 -
| 1000 H. O Al
0 T
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 5.2: SEM/EDX elemental spectra of the particles in sample 5.2 showing no presence of
magnesium chloride.
Table 5.3. Presents the percentage (by weight) of the particles obtained by sieving
Sample ID Site 5.
d-20pm 99.78
10 pm.<ds 20 pm 0.20
ds 10 pm - 0.00
2200 -
SI
2000 -
1800 -
1600 -
1400 -
1200 -
| 1000 -
800 -
400 -
200 -
0 I t
0 2 4 6 8 10
Energy (keV)
Figure 53. SEMEDx elemental spectra of the particles in sample 5.3 showing the possible presence of
magnesium chloride; however, it is likely that the magnesium is found in association with aluminum and
silica and the chloride in association with sodium.
None Detected (ND) denotes the absence of an analyte in the subsample analyzed. Trace levels of the analyte
may be present in the sample below the limit of detection (LOD).
Limit of Detection (LOD): The minimum concentration that can be theoretically achieved for a given analytical
procedure in the absence of matrix or sample processing effects. Particle analysis is limited to a single
occurrence of an analyte particle in the sub-sample analyzed.
Concentrations for bulk samples are derived from Visual Area Estimation (VAE) unless otherwise noted. Air
sample concentrations are calculated to particles per unit volume.
VAE technique estimates the relative projected area of a certain type of particulate from a mixture of particulate
by comparison to data derived from analysis of calibration materials having similar texture and particulate
content. Due to bi-dimensional nature ofthe measurements, in some cases the particle thickness could affect the
results.
The results are obtained using the methods and sampling procedures as described in the report or as stated in the published standard methods, and
are only guaranteed to the accuracy and precision consistent with the used methods and sampling procedures. Any change in methods and sampling
procedure may generate substantially different results. EMSL Analytical, Inc. assumes no responsibility or liability for the manner in which the
results are used or interpreted.
--- -
1.2. Site 1, H
º
on Canyon
---
º º
-
-
º º: -
. -
-
-
-
2.3. Site 2, Cottonwood Canyon Site. The road near the site and a plume of dust
from passing traffic.
24. Site 2, Cottonwood Canyon Site. The plume of dust reaching a height of at least
150 feet and lingering for many minutes.
-
3.2. Site 3, Hunt Scene. Detail of the panel, showing deposition of dust.
ſº-º-
-
-
º
º
º |-ºººº.. - -
* ...
-
º. -
-
3.4. Site 3, Hunt Scene. The road near the site following heavy industrial traffic.
The heavy plume of dust rose to a height of at least 150 feet and lingered for
many minutes.
--- --- - º- ºr.
--~~
-
– º
5.1. Site 5, Rasmussen Cave. Overview ...i
-
_
ºtºº ,
*
- --
- - -
- - -
-- - -
-** - -* —- - - - --T- - -
---- --- º ºr- ----- --
-
* † #º ---
ºf
---
ººº
--- - --
--
5.3. Site 5, Rasmussen Cave. Detail of the rock-art panel on the cave wall and heavy
dust on rock fall in front of the panel.
→ → → →
APPENDIX H
Scope of Work
Background
Bill Barrett Corporation and other operators are proposing development of natural gas
resources on the West Tavaputs Plateau. The operators committed to directional drilling
in the proposal stating “At least half of the possible 810 wells drilled would be directional
wells co-located on well pads with existing vertical wells". An additional commitment
from BBC states "BBC's Proposed Action includes a commitment to directionally drill
wherever feasible to minimize surface disturbance and other impacts to sensitive areas
such as canyon bottoms, or in areas where steep topography requires the use of
directional drilling techniques...BBC's proposed directional drilling plan fully exploits
technology that is available today...As drilling technology evolves over the LOP to allow
greater horizontal offset between surface and downhole locations, additional well pad
locations would likely be dropped, and the project would likely see greater use of
multiple well bores being directionally drilled from individual multi-well pad locations."
Public comments received in scoping for the Environmental Impact Statement being
prepared in association with the proposal requested that the Bureau of Land
Management consider greater use of direction drilling technology.
The degree of directional drilling is commonly quantified on the basis of the density of
surface locations and the number of wells drilled from an individual pad. In the case of
the operator's proposed action, the proposed surface density is one drill pad per 80
acres. That is, no more than one drill pad would be constructed per 80 acres, regardless
of the ultimate downhole density of wells necessary to extract the resource.
Due to the configuration of leases, participating areas, and many other administrative
aspects of natural gas development, the next logical step in increased utilization of
directional drilling would be to limit surface density to no more than one drill pad per 160
acres. For purposes of this analysis, the feasibility of 160 acre surface density is
considered a suitable proxy for lesser surface density.
To briefly summarize the geologic conditions within the study area, the formations
principally targeted by the WTPP are a series of vertically stacked, lenticular, sand
bodies with limited aerial extent. An individual well accesses multiple sand bodies via a
NEW TECH 6)
ENGINEERING
vertical or near vertical penetration, and, according to the operator, drains a vertical,
roughly elliptical area volume in the subsurface.
It is assumed that the surface conditions in the West Tavaputs field are known, and
discussions therefore outside of the scope of this study.
In this analyses, the term Vertical Section is a directional drilling term used to describe
the offset between the surface location and the bottom hole location. This term is
equivalent to horizontal offset as used in the WTPP EIS.
Currently, Bill Barrett Corporation drills wells directionally from multi-well pads, and has
stated they will continue to do so in the future. The current commitment from Bill Barrett
Corporation is to develop the field using multi-well pads spaced at 80 acre surface
density. The question, then, is can the surface density be reduced even more to utilize
160 acre well pads?
Analysis of Bill Barrett Corporation's drilling and completion data for the field area
presents the following:
To efficiently develop the field using 160 acre surface pad density, it would be
necessary to place the surface location in the exact center of a 160. Due to the
topography, it is unlikely that the optimum placement will be typically achievable.
In fact, if topography dictates a surface location in the corner of a 160, to reach
the opposite corner of the 160, a vertical section of 3,700' would be required.
Based on the data analyzed, a vertical section of 3,700' would present significant
technical and economic challenges, and it is not prudent to recommend for full
field development. In those cases, it is conceivable that 2 or more pads per 160
would be necessary to fully develop the resources.
Under the ideal circumstances described above for 160 acre surface density, the
average vertical section would be approximately 1,850'. Under an ideal 80 acre
surface density scenario, the vertical section would be approximately 1,000'. The
difference in cost for developing via 160 surface density would be on the order of
$250,000/well. This ideal is dependant upon topographic access to the idealized
locations.
NEW TECH 6)
ENGINEERING
• The relevant data analyzed suggests that while the dry hole cost does not
significantly increase with increased vertical section, the completed well cost
dramatically increases. Refer to Table 1 and Figures 1-3 for specifics.
• Given the surface topography, pad drilling will be required to access all of the
reservoir targets within the subject area. Proper placement of the surface
locations will have an impact on well costs and project economics.
Analytical Method
New Tech Engineering analyzed available directional drilling data for the West Tavaputs
Field and used this data as a predictor of the feasibility of greater utilization of
directional drilling. Specifically, New Tech compiled data acquired while drilling the 47
directional wells in the field. Changes over time, including different drilling contractors,
Seasonal issues, evolving directional drilling technology, changes in completion
methods and objectives, etc. introduce significant data scatter to the analysis.
Therefore, a more in depth analysis of 11 wells drilled more or less consecutively in
2006 was performed. Three pads consisting of a vertical or short vertical section well,
and at least two directional wells (short vertical section wells: Prickly Pear Fed. #13-23
12-15, Prickly Pear Fed. #10-27-12-15, and Prickly Pear Fed. #15–21-12-15) were
analyzed. These three pads provide good direct comparisons of short versus long
vertical section wells. They were drilled consecutively with the same rig, mud properties,
etc., with the only significant changes being the directional solutions. See Table 1 for a
summary of the three pads, and Figures 1-3 for graphical representations of the data.
Observations
Drilling data for the West Tavaputs area was studied in detail. New Tech's observations
on this data follows as Table 1 and Figures 1 through 12.:
Table 1: Analysis of the three pads described above. Note that while
dry hole cost does not increase with increased vertical
section, completion costs increase significantly.
Figure 10: Vertical Section vs. Completion Cost by Field. Taking the
Completed Well Cost — Dry Hole Cost to focus on just the
completion dollars, the correlations of increased completion
costs with increasing vertical section become stronger, but
still not great, at 0.23 in Peter's Point and 0.48 at Prickly
Pear.
Figure 11: Prickly Pear Field Only, Wells Spudded in 2006 and
2007, Vertical Section vs. Dry Hole and Completed Well
Costs, and vs. Completion Cost. For wells drilled within
and over the last year and a half in the most active area, the
NEW TECH Gy
ENGINEERING
trend of increasing completion cost with increased vertical
section starts to develop. Although the correlation coefficient
is only a 0.50, a linear trend line of the data shows a clear
upward trend in completion costs with longer vertical
sections. Vertical section does not appear to have much of
an impact on dry hole cost.
$3,500,000 - - - - - - - - - - - -
$3,000,000 =–
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a $2,500,000 | 6 DHC |
a $2000,000 - Cwc
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|
s1,000,000 tº 3 o |
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Prickly Pear 10-27-12-15 Pad
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Figure 3
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Spud to RR Days vs. VS
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Vertical Section vs. Dry Hole Cost
$1,800,000
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Figure 7
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© Total Days
40.00
35.00 -
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25.00
125.O0O00
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Figure 8
NEW TECH (A)
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Vertical Section vs. CWC
© Peter's Pt.
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,000,000 T- -
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-
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Figure 9
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Vertical Section vs. Completion Cost
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$2,500,000
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Figure 10
NEW TECH 6)
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Vertical Section vs. Costs for Prickly Pear Area for Wells Spudded in 2006 and 2007
$4,000,000 — - - - -
-
$3,500,000 – - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - |
- -
- -
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Figure 11
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Figure 12
NEW TECH (3)
ENGINEERING
Phase ||
Directional Drilling Analysis
West Tavaputs Plateau
Carbon County, Utah
Scope of Work
Objectives:
1. To demonstrate to the public that BLM gave careful consideration to the following:
Opportunities to remove well locations from within wildlife study areas (WSAs)
Opportunities to remove well locations from canyon bottoms within the WSAs
2. Use the evaluation report on these potential opportunities to modify, if necessary, one
or more of the draft alternatives to the Proposed Action.
The following questions are intended help identify the information necessary to meet
the objectives:
Which, if any, of the canyon bottom locations proposed to target reserves directly
beneath the canyon floors can be accessed from the rims of the canyons without
sacrificing any of the reserves (e.g., in Jack Canyon, Dry Canyon, and Stone
Cabin Draw)?
How much of the reserves within the WSAs could be accessed from outside of the
WSAs; how much of the reserves beneath each canyon bottoms could be accessed
from the canyon rims; and how much of the reserves beneath the canyon bottoms
within the WSAs could be accessed from canyon rims even though within the
WSAS’’
NEW TECH (3)
ENGINEERING
• Could additional directional drilling (e.g., on 160 acre spacing) be used inside the
WSAs along Cedar Ridge Road within the Peter's Point Unit to minimize surface
disturbance and fragmentation?
Recommendation
Based on the analysis of the data provided, it appears feasible to completely eliminate
well locations within the canyon bottom of Dry Creek, and almost all of the well locations
within the canyon bottom of Jack Creek. The feasibility includes both technical and
economic consideration as it would not be practical to drill wells that did not meet
economic criteria.
The analysis of the data and the feasibility to remove wells from the canyon bottoms
suggests that wells with 3,000' of vertical section, or displacement, are possible from
the tops of the canyons, and wells with 2,000' of vertical section are possible from the
canyon bottoms. It is important to note that the average vertical section that BBC has
drilled in the study area is just over 1,000', and the greatest vertical section is just over
2,900'. By setting the target of 3,000', it is anticipated that there will be a learning curve
to achieve a performance level that is predictable, repeatable, and that consistently
meets economic hurdles. Therefore, New Tech Engineering recommends that no
locations within the canyon bottoms of Dry Creek and Jack Creek be allowed during the
first phase of the field development. This first phase is from now, time zero, until a point
in time in the future that is right now undetermined. During the first phase of
development, it is envisioned that BBC and others will proceed with drilling wells from
the top of the canyons, with up to 3,000' of vertical section. After a number of pads have
been drilled in this manner, an evaluation of the data should be reviewed again to
confirm the proposed feasibility. If the data shows that drilling wells with 3,000' of
vertical section has no negative impacts on economics and gas recovery, then continue
the development as proposed. If, however, the data shows negative impacts, and a
feasible limit of less than 3,000' is documented, BLM should grant surface location
relief, and allow well locations within the canyon bottoms to access minerals that cannot
be reached from the canyon rims.
Analytical Method
The most efficient well design for the study area is an “S-Shaped" directional well. With
that knowledge, and target formation depths supplied by BBC, scoping directional well
plans with varying vertical sections, or departure, were generated. A single plan for the
valley, and three plans for the canyon rims (sensitivities for vertical sections of 1,500,
2,000, and 3,000') demonstrated feasible limits of 2,000' of vertical section for the valley
wells, and 3,000' of vertical section for the canyon rim wells. The four scenarios are
shown as Attachments 1-4.
NEW TECH Gy
ENGINEERING
Once a feasibility limit was established, BBC superimposed the limits described above
onto topography and slope maps. Those are shown as Attachments 5 and 6.
Summary of Conclusions
After reviewing all of the data and sensitivity models New Tech Engineering concludes,
along with input from BBC, that the proposed 3,000' rim plans and 2,000' valley plans
are feasible. Although the plans fail to meet all of the target objectives as prescribed,
they are still within an acceptable tolerance to complete the wells, with no loss of
TeSeTVeS.
Disclaimer
It should be noted that although there was interaction between representatives of New
Tech Engineering and Bill Barrett Corporation during the course of this study, both
companies were very careful to maintain an “arms length" distance while interacting in
order to preserve the independent, third party analysis. New Tech Engineering
requested well data, target formation depths, and mapping assistance from BBC, all of
which was provided. Once the directional plans were generated, they were reviewed by
BBC due to their superior well specific knowledge of the greater West Tavaputs field
area. Additionally, although discussions between the two companies focused on
feasibility and reasonableness of the different well planning options, at no time over the
course of the study did BBC sway or attempt to sway the interpretation or opinions
provided by New Tech Engineering.
NEW TECH (4)
ENGINEERING
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APPENDIX |
Prepared for:
Prepared by:
September 2007
(Modified December 2007)
_ _ _ ~ ~ • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
I. Introduction
Based on comments received in response to the West Tavaputs Plateau (WTP) Preliminary Draft
Environmental Impact Statement (PDEIS), it was determined that the impact analyses for certain
resources could be strengthened by fragmentation analysis. Because fragmentation modeling
requires extensive time, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Price Field Office decided that
Buys & Associates (B&A) should first conduct preliminary fragmentation analyses based on
existing disturbance within the WTP Project Area, which could be used as a baseline for
comparison with other alternatives in the EIS'. The following sections discuss the baseline
fragmentation analyses as they pertain to wildlife, wild horses, and wilderness resources.
IIa. Assumptions Used to Build and Run the Baseline Model for
Wildlife and Wild Horses
Based on Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) (2007) literature provided by the BLM
Price Field Office and discussions with Resource Specialists, the following spatial buffers were
placed around existing development within the WTP Project Area in order to determine the extent
of existing habitat fragmentation.
a. Mule Deer
• 200-meter buffer around all existing well pads; and
• 200-meter buffer from the centerline of all existing roads and pipelines.
b. Elk
• 1.2-mile buffer around all existing well pads; and
• 0.5-mile buffer from the centerline of all existing roads and pipelines.
c. Sage-grouse
• 2-mile buffer around all existing well pads; and
• 2-mile buffer from the centerline of all existing roads and pipelines.
d. Wild Horses
• 200-meter buffer around all existing well pads; and
• 200-meter buffer from the centerline of all existing roads and pipelines.
These spatial buffers were then clipped to various wildlife habitats within the WTP Project Area
(i.e., crucial winter habitat for mule deer and elk, sage-grouse core winter use areas, and wild
horse use areas within the Range Creek HMA) to determine/quantify the extent and spatial
l Baseline fragmentation analyses were conducted using data available at the time the NOI for this EIS was filed (August 2005). It
should be recognized that since publication of the NO1, matural gas development within the WTP has continued under authorizations
based on the previous NEPA analyses and provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 2005.
configuration of existing habitat fragmentation within the WTP Project Area. Since publication
of the NOI, natural gas development within the WTP has continued under authorizations based on
the previous NEPA analyses and provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 2005. As such, it should
be noted that some well pads, roads, and pipelines that currently exist within the WTP Project
Area were not included in determining the extent or spatial configuration of existing habitat
fragmentation within the WTP Project
IIb. Results of the Baseline Model for Wildlife and Wild Horses
Mule Deer – The extent of existing habitat fragmentation in mule deer crucial winter habitat
within the WTP Project Area is summarized below in Table 1 and illustrated in Figure 1. In a
few instances, the map shows producing wells that are not connected to the existing
transportation or gathering system by road or pipeline. Thus, some well pads erroneously appear
to be “floating” in Figure 1.
Table 1. Extent of Existing Habitat Fragmentation in Mule Deer Crucial Winter Habitat
within the WTP Project Area
Percent of
Acres of Crucial Crucial # of Existing | Average Smallest Largest
Winter Habitat Winter Habitat Patch Size Patch (acres) || Patch tºo -
Elk – The extent of existing habitat fragmentation in elk crucial winter habitat within the WTP
Project Area is summarized below in Table 2 and illustrated in Figure 2.
Table 2. Extent of Existing Habitat Fragmentation in Elk Crucial Winter Habitat within
the WTP Project Area
Percent of
Acres of Crucial Crucial # of Existing Average Smallest Largest
Winter Habitat Winter Habitat Patch Size Patch Patch
Fragmented Habitat Patches (acres) (acres) (acres)
Fragmented - -
Sage-grouse – All sage-grouse core winter use areas within the WTP Project Area are fragmented
as illustrated in Figure 3.
Wild Horses – The extent of existing habitat fragmentation in wild horse use areas of the Range
Creek HMA within the WTP Project Area is summarized below in Table 3 and illustrated in
Figure 4. As previously mentioned, in a few instances, the map shows producing wells that are
not connected to the existing transportation or gathering system by road or pipeline. Thus, some
well pads erroneously appear to be “floating” in Figure 4.
Table 3. Extent of Existing Habitat Fragmentation in Wild Horse Use Areas of the Range
Creek HMA within the WTP Project Area
Wild Horse Use Acres of Percent of # of Average Smallest Largest
Areas within the Herd Use Herd Use Existing V g g
- Patch Size Patch Patch
Range Creek Area Area Habitat (acres) (acres) (acres)
HMA Fragmented | Fragmented Patches
Flat Iron/Twin 4,383 40.1 5 1,693 102 6,424
Hollow
Cottonwood Ridge 5,090 34.7 9 1,064 208 2,618
Cedar
Ridge/Bishop 1,535 14.0 4 2,329 183 4,981
As shown in the results section, existing wildlife habitats analyzed for this baseline modeling
exercise have been fragmented to varying degrees by existing development.
Based on the assumptions used for this modeling, the existing roads, pipelines, and well pads
have altered the suitability of habitat for wildlife and wild horses within the WTP Project Area.
The fragmentation of previously undisturbed lands may have reduced usage or caused
abandonment of remaining habitat patches, dependent on the species’ threshold to patch size and
connectivity to other patches.
Based on the extent of existing sage-grouse habitat fragmentation within the baseline model (i.e.,
100 percent of existing habitat is currently fragmented), it was determined that additional habitat
fragmentation models for sage-grouse would not substantially supplement the impact analyses in
the EIS. Therefore, sage-grouse habitat fragmentation modeling of the alternatives has not been
conducted a comparative tool to the baseline model exercise.
However, based on the existing habitat models for mule deer (approximately 23.6 percent
currently fragmented), elk (approximately 67.4 percent currently fragmented and wild horses
(between 14 and 40.1 percent currently fragmented depending on the use area), it was determined
that additional models should be completed to determine/quantify the extent and spatial
configuration of habitat fragmentation that could occur from additional development in the WTP
Project Area.
Habitat fragmentation from Alternative A, the Proposed Action, was modeled because it includes
more surface disturbance than of any of the other alternatives being considered in the WTP EIS.
Therefore, the results of the Alternative A model illustrate the maximum level of fragmentation
that could occur. Habitat fragmentation was also modeled for Alternative D, the Conservation
Alternative, because it would result in approximately 30 percent less surface disturbance than the
Proposed Action, thus providing a clear contrast between the alternatives.
Alternative B, the No Action Alternative, was not separately modeled because the impacts would
be substantially similar to the baseline model. Similarly, Alternatives C and E were not modeled
separately because impacts would be substantially similar to those presented for Alternative A.
Results of the additional modeling exercise are presented in detail in Section 4.9 of the WTP EIS.
III. Goal(s) of the Fragmentation Modeling Exercise for WSAs and
Non-WSA lands with Wilderness Characteristics
To quantify the impacts (e.g., sight and sound) that the proposed development could
potentially have on opportunities for solitude, and/or opportunities for primitive and
unconfined recreation.
• To quantify how many acres of the WSAs or lands within wilderness characteristics
would be segregated from the remainder of the WSAs or non-WSA lands with wilderness
characteristics.
• To quantify how fragmentation would directly impact size of WSAs and non-WSA lands
with wilderness characteristics.
IIIa. Assumptions Used to Build and Run the Baseline Model for WSAs
and Non-WSA lands with Wilderness Characteristics
Size – The following sources were used to determine the size of the existing WSAs and non-WSA
lands with wilderness characteristics.
The Jack and Desolation Canyon WSAs include all areas studied under Section 603 of
FLPMA and included in the Utah BLM Statewide Wilderness Inventory Report.
• The Jack Canyon wilderness characteristics area includes all areas determined to have
wilderness characteristics following the 2007 wilderness characteristic review.
• The Desolation Canyon wilderness characteristics area includes all areas determined to
have wilderness characteristics following the 2007 wilderness characteristic review.
In terms of impacts, for the purposes of analysis, it is assumed that all areas within 4-mile of
existing roads and/or inventoried routes could lack opportunities for solitude and/or primitive and
unconfined recreation. In terms of wilderness characteristics, solitude and/or primitive and
unconfined recreation are not required on every acre of the WSA or WIA as long as they are
found somewhere within the study/inventory areas. Using this assumption, a GIS-based analysis
was conducted to determine those areas within the Jack and Desolation Canyon WSAs and within
the Jack and Desolation Canyon WIAs that are within /4-mile of existing roads (e.g., Cedar
Ridge, Jack Ridge, and Jack Canyon) and/or inventoried routes. It should be noted that impacts
to size are generally considered equal to the amount of surface disturbance so long as all areas
within the WSA or WIA remain contiguous. Similarly, naturalness concerns the physical
appearance of the land and is usually not affected beyond the edge of disturbance.
\\\b. Results of the Model for WSAs and Non-WSA lands with
Wilderness Characteristics Areas
As shown in Table 4, the alternative baseline analysis shows that wilderness constituents exist in
only 4 percent of Jack Canyon wilderness characteristics area and 39 percent of Jack Canyon
WSA. Within Desolation Canyon, wilderness constituents exist in approximately 60 percent of
the wilderness characteristics area and 76 percent of the WSA.
It should be noted that this GIS-based analysis does not take into consideration variables such as
existing road conditions and/or use, visual and topographical screening, or noise propagation in
mountainous/canyon terrain. Therefore, opportunities for solitude and/or primitive and
unconfined recreation would likely exist in isolated areas within the '4-mile buffer.
Desolatiºn
WSA
Canyon 200sus 24,668 5,853 24 18,815 76
Jack Canyon
wilderness
Characteristics
1.465 1,465 1,437 96 28 4
Area
Desolation Canyon
wilderness
Characteristics
211,220' 31,744 12.71 40 19,033 60
Area
After reviewing the results of the baseline fragmentation analysis for WSAs and non-WSA lands
with wilderness characteristics, the BLM concluded that additional modeling should be
completed for each alternative that proposes development within these areas in an effort to
quantify the potential impacts that additional development could have on opportunities for
solitude and/or primitive and unconfined recreation. Results of these models are presented within
Section 4.17 of the EIS.
APPENDIX J
November 2007
Prepared for:
Bureau of Land Management
Price Field Office, Price, Utah
Under Direction of:
Prepared by:
Buys & Associates, Inc., Littleton, Colorado
(303) 781-8211
www.buysandassociates.com
This page intentionally blank.
Air Quality Technical Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................. l
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... |
3.0 NEAR-FIELD DISPERSION MODEL AND METEOROLOGY........................................ 6
4.0 SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA .............................................................................................. | |
4. 1 Utah and National Air Quality Standards.......................................................................... | |
4.2 Acute and Chronic HAP Exposure Thresholds................................................................. 12
4.3 Incremental Cancer Risk................................................................................................... 13
5.0 SUB-GRID IMPACTS........................................................................................................ 14
5.1 Sub-Grid Development Emissions.................................................................................... 14
5.2 Sub-Grid Development Results......................................................................................... 16
5.2.1 Alternative A (Proposed Action).......................................................................... | 6
5.2.2 Alternative B (No Action).................................................................................... 17
5.2.3 Alternative E (BLM Preferred) ............................................................................ 17
5.3 Sub-Grid Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions................................................................... 20
5.4 SUB-GRID HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT RESULTS............................................ 22
6.0 NEAR-FIELD IMPACTS................................................................................................... 24
6.1 Modeling Setup...................................................…................................................. 24
6.2 Emissions ….......…..............…...... 25
6.3 Near-Field Results............................................................................................…..... 26
6.3.1 Alternative A (Proposed Action).......................................................................... 26
6.3.2 Alternative B (No Action) and Alternative E (BLM Preferred)........................... 27
7.0 References…………... 3 |
Air Quality Technical Report
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Technical Support Document describes the process used to develop the Near-Field Air
Quality impact assessment for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Price Field Office, Draft
Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) for West Tavaputs Plateau Area (WTP). The WTP
Project Area is located approximately 30 miles east-northeast of Price, Utah and covers
approximately 137,700 acres in an existing oil and gas producing region located in Duchesne and
Carbon Counties, Utah. Surface ownership in the project area is approximately 87% federal
(managed by the Bureau of Land Management [BLM), 8% State of Utah (managed by State of
Utah School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration [SITLA]), and 5% private.
This document provides a detailed description of the procedures applied for the EIS analysis to
quantify potential ambient air quality and air quality related values (AQRV) impacts that may
result from the implementation of the WTP Project alone and in conjunction with other
cumulative sources of air pollutant emissions.
This Near-Field air quality assessment report is one of three documents that support the air
quality analysis presented in the EIS. The other supporting documents are:
• Emissions Inventory for the West Tavaputs Plateau Oil & Gas Development Project
(Buys and Associates 2007a)
• Far-Field Air Quality Impact Assessment Report for the West Tavaputs Plateau Oil &
Gas Development Project (Buys and Associates 2007c)
The WTP Project Area currently contains 71 active producing wells, with accompanying
production related facilities, roads, and pipelines. An additional 30 wells approved under the
WTP Drilling Program EA (UT-070-2004-28) are proposed for development. Total gas
compression and treatment capacity is currently 16,000 horsepower (hp) within the WTP at the
existing Dry Canyon facility.
The proposed wells would be drilled to all potentially productive formations in the WTP Project
Area: the Wasatch, North Horn, Mesa Verde, Dakota, Cedar Mountain, Navajo, and Wingate
Formations, and other formations found to be productive. The majority of the wells would be
spaced at one well per 80 acres or less. However, geologic characteristics that are currently
poorly defined and which would be better defined through future drilling, would dictate the well
density necessary to effectively drain the natural gas within the WTP Project Area.
Each of the geologic formations in the WTP Project Area has a unique permeability, which
requires variable well spacing techniques for effective drainage of the gas reservoirs. Some of the
economically productive geologic formations would be effectively drained by downhole well
densities of one well per 160 acres, most by well densities of one well per 80 acres, and others
would likely require well densities of up to one well per 40 acres (Wasatch and Mesa Verde
formations). In general, deeper formations require lesser downhole well density. The number of
wells per well pad would therefore, vary dramatically, depending on the required downhole well
density as well as topographic considerations. Formations that can be produced by a single well
per 80 acres, that are accessible, and that have a single production formation, could be developed
by well pads with single well bores. Formations that require downhole well densities of one well
per 40 acres, that are adjacent to topographically inaccessible lands, and that have multiple
Air Quality Technical Report
productive horizons could be developed using well pads with up to as many as eight wells per
pad.
Bill Barrett Corporation (BBC) proposes the following primary components for development
under the Proposed Action:
• Up to 807 natural gas wells from up to 538 pads over an 8 year development period, 33
year life of project (LOP);
• Up to 9 drilling rigs operating year round;
• Up to 3,656 acres short-term surface disturbance (wells, access roads, pipelines,
compressor stations); and
• Approximately 24,000 compression horsepower would be added to the existing system,
for a total of 40,000 horsepower (hp) within the WTP Project Area. Table 2-1 shows the
summary of the emissions inventory for the Proposed Action.
Ethylbenzene () | 95 1.95
Greenhouse Gases
In addition to the Proposed Action, the following four alternatives are considered in the NEPA
analysis:
• Alternative B – No Action (81 wells from 54 pads. 17,600 hp additional compression for
33,600 hp total compression, 3 rigs year round for 2 years. 27 year LOP)
Air Quality Technical Report
• Alternative C – Transportation Reduction (807 wells from 538 pads, 40,000 hp total
compression, 2-6 Tier II rigs year round for 15 years, 40 year LOP)
• Alternative D – Conservation Alternative (558 wells from 348 pads, 11,200 hp additional
compression for a total of 27,200 horsepower compression, 7 Tier II rigs seasonally for
21 years, 46 year LOP)
• Alternative E – BLM Preferred Alternative (807 wells from 494 pads, 40,000 hp total
compression, year-round drilling, 7 Tier II rigs per year for 9 years provided surface
disturbance and air quality thresholds are not exceeded)
Tables 2-2 through 2-5 show summaries of the emissions inventories for Alternatives B, C, D,
and E respectively.
Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse Gases
In order to bracket impacts, a decision was made in conjunction with the BLM National Air
Quality modeling team to model/quantify emissions from the following three Alternatives:
After construction of well pads and roads, drilling and completion of a well, and interconnection
to the gathering pipelines, each well pad would consist of a wellhead, a three-phase separator (to
Separate gas, produced water, and hydrocarbon condensate), and a condensate tank.
Approximately 25% of wells would require individual dehydrators and gas powered pump jacks.
The gas would be moved to central production facilities (CPF) that would include multiple
compressor engines, a central separator, and central glycol dehydration units. After processing,
the gas would then be transported to a sales pipeline for further distribution.
Air Quality Technical Report
Emissions to the atmosphere from the proposed project would consist of the criteria pollutants
nitrogen oxides (NO.), carbon monoxide (CO), particulates (PM10 and PM2.5), sulfur dioxide
(SO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOC), and various hazardous air pollutants (HAP).
These pollutants would be emitted from the following activities and sources:
• Well pad and road construction: equipment producing fugitive dust while moving and
leveling earth;
• Drilling: vehicles generating fugitive dust on access roads, and drill rig engine exhaust;
• Completion: vehicles generating fugitive dust on access roads, frac pump engine and
generator emissions, and completion flaring emissions;
• Vehicle tailpipe emissions associated with all development phases;
• Well production operations: three-phase separator emissions, flashing and breathing
emissions from a condensate tank, wellsite dehydrator emissions, and pump jack engine
emissions; and
• Central production facility: compressor engines and central glycol dehydration unit
emissions, flare emissions from central dehydrators, and central flashing and breathing
emissions from condensate tanks.
Derivation of the emission rates applied for this analysis is detailed separately in the
emissions inventory report (Buys and Associates 2007a).
The AERMOD-Prime model (Version 04300) has been promulgated in the EPA Guideline on Air
Quality Models to replace ISCST3 as the primary dispersion model for assessing near-field
impacts (40 CFR Part 51 in 9 Nov 05, Vol 70 # 216 FR 68218-68261), and was therefore applied
in this analysis. The AERMOD system contains three primary components: AERMOD-Prime
(dispersion model with prime building downwash algorithms), AERMAP (terrain preprocessor),
and AERMET (meteorological preprocessor). A special feature of AERMOD-Prime includes the
capability to more accurately represent boundary layer meteorology and dynamics, and is
therefore an improvement over the ISC dispersion model.
The AERMET system utilizes both surface and upper air measurements in order to estimate
profiles of wind, turbulence, and temperature in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). Minimum
meteorological data requirements to run AERMET generally include horizontal wind speed,
horizontal wind direction, ambient temperature, surface characteristics (Albedo, Bowen Ratio,
Surface Roughness), cloud cover, and a morning upper air sounding. The recent version of the
model, however, has incorporated the Bulk Richardson Number scheme which removes the
model dependence on cloud cover if Solar Radiation and Temperature Change with Height
(SRDT) data are available. This is especially important in areas where cloud cover data are
unavailable or considered to be non-representative.
Another requirement for successful model performance is that the meteorological data be
representative of the conditions affecting the transport and dispersion of pollutants within the
modeling domain. Generally, this means that the surface characteristics surrounding the
meteorological monitoring site should be similar to those within the modeling domain. While
degree of similarity may correlate with proximity of the monitoring site to the project site,
Air Quality Technical Report
meteorological data measured at more distant sites may be considered representative as long as it
adequately represents the meteorology and surface characteristics of the modeling domain.
In evaluating the meteorological data available to drive AERMOD, several surface data sources
were considered. While data from Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) installations
are available near the WTP Project Area, there are several drawbacks to the application of this
data. Problems associated with ASOS data include a 6 meter (versus 10 meter) wind and
temperature data measurement, a higher percentage of calm winds due to a higher detectable
wind speed threshold, as well as the vertical limitation of the cloud cover measurements (limited
to 12,000 feet).
In consideration of these limitations, this analysis utilized five years of recent surface
measurements collected at Canyonlands National Park as part of the Clean Air Status and Trends
Network (CASTNET) operated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and
National Park Service (NPS). Evaluation of the surface characteristics surrounding the data
collection site indicate that the data is likely to be representative of the meteorological conditions
encountered within the modeling domain. Furthermore, the availability of SRDT data at this site
allowed the application of the Bulk Richardson Number scheme providing an alternative to the
less reliable ASOS data. The five years of surface data collected at Canyonlands was combined
with National Weather Service twice-daily upper air soundings available at Grand Junction
Walker Field in order to generate the meteorological parameters to drive AERMOD. Extracted
from the Canyonlands data was wind speed, wind direction, horizontal wind deviation (sigma
theta), solar radiation, and delta temperature (difference between 9m and 2m probes). Missing
data or data outside acceptable ranges was reviewed and replaced as necessary using regulatory
guidance along with professional judgment. The wind rose for the developed data is shown on
Figure 3-1.
Air Quality Technical Report
Figure 3-1
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Scales of measurement, or significance criteria, must be defined to evaluate potential air quality
impacts. Potential impacts to near-field air quality that would result from the implementation of
the WTP project were compared to the significance criteria listed below.
Utah and National Ambient Air Quality Standards (UAAQS and NAAQS) have been
promulgated for the purpose of protecting human health and welfare with an adequate margin of
safety. Pollutants for which standards have been determined include sulfur dioxide (SO2),
nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and particulate matter less than 10
microns in diameter (PM10) and less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM, s). The applicable
ambient air quality standards are summarized in Table 4-1.
Under the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) provisions of the Clean Air Act (CAA),
incremental increases of specific pollutant concentrations are limited above a legally defined
baseline level. Many national parks and wilderness areas are designated as PSD Class I. The
PSD program protects air quality within Class I areas by allowing only slight incremental
increases in pollutant concentrations. Areas of Utah not designated as PSD Class I are classified
as Class ll. For Class II areas, greater incremental increases in ambient pollutant concentrations
are allowed. The PSD increments for both Class I and II areas are also shown in Table 4-1.
Throughout this impact analysis, all comparisons with PSD increments are intended only to
evaluate potential significance, and do not represent a regulatory PSD increment consumption
analysis. PSD Increment consumption analyses are typically applied to large industrial sources
during the permitting process, and are solely the responsibility of the State of Utah with USEPA
oversight.
Table 4-1. Ambient Criteria Pollutant Concentrations, National and State Ambient Air
Quality Standards, and PSD Increments
Uinta Basin PSD PSD
Pollutant Averaging Background NAAQs Class I Class II
Period(s) Concentration" (ug/m’) Increment Increment
(ug/m’) (ug/m’) (mg/m’)
Annual 5 80 2 20
SO2 24-hour 10 365 5 9|
3-hour 20 1,300 25 5 12
NO2 Annual |7 | 00 2.5 25
PM10 Annual NA NA 4 17
24-hour 28 |50 8 30
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) associated with the WTP Project and cumulative sources
include BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene), formaldehyde, and n-hexane.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is not expected to constitute a significant portion of the gas stream and
therefore was not modeled. Since there are no applicable federal ambient air quality standards for
the above pollutants, Reference Concentrations (RfC) for chronic inhalation exposure, and
Reference Exposure Levels (REL) for acute inhalation exposures are applied as significance
criteria. Table 4-2 provides the RfCs and RELs. The RfCs represent an estimate of the
continuous (i.e. annual average) inhalation exposure rate to the human population (including
sensitive subgroups such as children and the elderly) without an appreciable risk of harmful
effects. The RELs represent the acute (i.e. one-hour average) concentration at or below which no
adverse health effects are expected. Both the RfC and REL guideline values are for non-cancer
effects.
Reference Exposure
*.º -
ir Level
Reference
Concentration'
The State of Utah has adopted Toxic Screening Levels (TSLs) which are applied during the air
permitting process to assist in the evaluation of hazardous air pollutants released into the
atmosphere (Utah Department of Environmental Quality-Air Quality Division 2000). The TSLs
are derived from Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) published in the American Conference of
Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) – “Threshold Limit Values for Chemical
Substances and Physical Agents” (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
2003). These levels are not standards that must be met, but screening thresholds which if
exceeded, would suggest that additional information is needed to evaluate potential health and
environmental impacts. The TSLs are compared against modeling concentrations for averaging
periods of 1-hour (short-term) and 24-hour (chronic). Table 4-3 lists the corresponding TSLs for
each applicable HAP.
Air Quality Technical Report
Formaldehyde (1-hour) 37
Benzenea (24-hour) 53
Toluene (24-hour) 6,280
Xylene (l-hour) 65,129
Xylene (24-hour) 14,473
n-Hexane (24-hour) 5,875
* Although there exists an acute TLV for benzene, the State of Utah does not apply a comparison to an acute
TSL since the chronic TSL is more stringent. -
Diesel emissions have the potential to cause adverse health effects. The EPA has recognized that
diesel exhaust has the potential to cause long-term (chronic) respiratory damage and short-term
(acute) irritation (eye, throat, bronchial) and respiratory symptoms. Evidence also suggests that
diesel exhaust is a likely human carcinogen with potential to cause lung cancer from long-term
inhalation exposure. However, the carcinogenic effect of diesel exhaust on humans has not been
definitively proven due to a lack of conclusive exposure data (EPA 2002b).
The primary source of project diesel emissions would be during the well development phase.
Heavy equipment used during well construction and drill rigs would emit the majority of the
project diesel exhaust. Diesel exhaust is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds
distributed among the gaseous and particulate phases. Therefore, measuring the concentration
and composition of diesel exhaust can be extremely difficult. No single constituent of diesel
exhaust serves as a unique marker of exposure; however, the levels of fine particles (the majority
being PM, s) or elemental carbon (both of which are much higher in diesel emissions than in other
combustion products) can be used as surrogate indices of diesel exhaust particulate matter (DPM)
(EPA 2002b). A DPM RfC of 5 pigſm3 extrapolated from animal studies is considered to be the
best current marker for chronic non-cancer respiratory effects of diesel exhaust on humans (EPA
2003). The DPM RfC of 5 pg/m' is applied to assess the chronic non-cancer respiratory effects
of diesel exhaust during the well development phase.
To assess long-term exposure from carcinogenic HAP emissions, traditional risk assessment
methods are applied and the risk for the maximally exposed individual (MEI) and most likely
exposure (MLE) are compared to the generally acceptable risk range of one additional cancer per
one million exposed persons (1 x 10") to one additional cancer per ten thousand exposed persons
(1 x 10') (EPA 1993). Benzene and formaldehyde, the project HAP carcinogens, are evaluated.
For the MEI risk, it is assumed that a person is exposed continuously (24 hours per day, 365 days
per year) for the life of project (LOP). For the MLE risk, an adjustment was made for the amount
of time a family stays at a residence (nine years) and for the portion of time spent away from the
home (64 percent of the day) (EPA 1997). It is further assumed that households are exposed to
one-quarter of the maximum concentration the remaining (36 percent) of the time. Exposure
adjustment factors of 0.4 for the MEI (28/70) and 0.095 for the MLE
[(9/70)*((0.64*1)+(0.36°0.25))] are applied to the estimated cancer risk to account for the actual
time that an individual could be exposed during a 70-year lifetime. The chronic inhalation cancer
risk factors for benzene and formaldehyde are presented in Table 4-4.
|3
Air Quality Technical Report
The major pollutant associated with development activities would be PM10 and PM2.5 generated
by earth-moving and traffic activities. Additional pollutants would be emitted from vehicle and
equipment exhaust. Based upon the proposed development plan, a matrix of 15 adjacent well
pads was created on 40-acre spacing to simulate a potential development scenario. This matrix
was created to simulate a “likely” development scenario of 6 drill rigs, 6 completion rigs, and 3
pad construction activities. In order to alleviate some of the extensive AERMOD processing
times associated with area source emissions, PM10 and PM2.5 results from the 6 x 6 x 3 matrix
were scaled based on traffic counts for the additional two alternatives where emissions were
quantified. and The construction-, drilling-, and completion-related air quality impacts were
analyzed for the 6 x 6 x 3 matrix with the assumption that development activities would be
separated by a sufficient distance and time such that the short-term impacts from one
development area would not overlap with other development activities in more distant areas
within the project boundary.
A well pad and access road complex was characterized by an individual well pad and an access
road right-of-way approximately 1700 feet long by 30 feet wide extending from the existing road
network to the well pad. Although a road could be oriented in any direction, the use of five years
of meteorological data adequately characterizes the maximum short-term impacts regardless of
orientation.
Receptors were spaced at 100-meter intervals with a buffer zone of 100 meters from the access
road and the well pad. The buffer zone criteria were based on minimum distances that heavy
equipment operators would allow public access to construction. The receptor grid extended out
to 2,000 meters beyond the buffer zone. Receptor elevations were assumed to be at the base
elevation of well site sources (i.e., flat terrain). The modeled sources (well pad and access road)
are shown on Figure 5-1.
Modeling for construction activities involved PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from the operation of a
backhoe, loader, crawler tractor, and grader. Modeling for the drilling activities involved the
traffic-generated fugitive dust as well as criteria pollutant emissions from a drill rig. Modeling
for completion activities involved the vehicle-generated fugitive dust and well fracturing
emissions. The fugitive dust generated from vehicles traveling to and from the site was scaled to
the section of road near the pad. All of the PM10 and PM2 s emissions were then assumed to
emanate from the well pad and short section of access road.
Air Quality Technical Report
Based on the proposed project schedule, a well pad and associated access road would be
constructed in about 14 days. The time to drill a well would range from 13 days for shallower
downhole formations to 26 days for directional wells. A well would then be completed in about
29 days. Well drilling and completion was assumed to occur 24 hours per day, while construction
activities were assumed to occur 10 hours per day: from 7am to 5pm. However, fracturing a well
takes three hours per well which was assumed to occur between llam to 2pm.
Criteria pollutant emissions were predicted for comparison to applicable short-term ambient air
quality standards. Comparison to annual thresholds is provided for consistency. However, the
annual impacts assume that the activity would occur for an entire year at the same location, which
is not the case.
Fugitive dust emissions were modeled as area sources with the release parameters listed in Table
5-1. Drill rig and well fracturing pump and generator engine stacks were modeled as point
sources with the release parameters listed in Table 5–2.
Emission rates were derived according to the averaging period being modeled. For instance,
annual fugitive dust emission rates incorporated a natural control efficiency based on annual
precipitation rates. However, short-term fugitive dust emission rates reflected the maximum 24
hour emissions that could be observed during a dry period. The maximum predicted short-term
emissions from well development are shown in Table 5-3, while annual emission rates are
presented in Table 5-4.
Table 5–2. WTP Proposed Action Development Point Source Release Parameters
Source Stack Height Stack Diameter Exit Velocity Temperature
(m) (m) (m/s) (k)
Fracturing 9. I ().3048 35 8 || |
Engines
Air Quality Technical Report
Completion (per
well)
Well Fracturing 3 hours 19.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | ().33
Vehicle Traffic 29 days 0.001 - 0.01 5.49E-05
Well development impacts as compared to the NAAQS for the Proposed Action are shown in
Table 5-5. Since well development activities are temporary and short-term in nature,
comparisons to PSD increments are not appropriate. The short-term results show that there is
potential for the NAAQS to be slightly exceeded for PM, s 24-hour average. The annual PMio
results demonstrate that even if these activities lasted for an entire year in the same location, the
effects would still be less than all applicable standards. Figure 5–1 illustrates the eighth
maximum PM3 s 24-hr impacts graphically.
Air Quality Technical Report
Pollutant and A -
Ambient Air Concentration (ug/m')"
Averaging veraging % of NAAQS
Period Period Predicted | Background" Total NAAQS (Project +
Background)
3-Hour 9.58 20 29.6 1,300 2%
Diesel particulate matter (DPM) resulting from heavy equipment used during well construction,
drill rigs, and temporary engines used during the well fracturing process was evaluated against
the DPM RfC of 5 mg/m" for chronic non-cancer respiratory effects of diesel exhaust on humans
(EPA 2003). The maximum predicted annual DPM concentration of 0.4 pg/m' represents 9% of
the DPM RfC.
Based on the proposed drilling schedule and locations of potential development, a development
matrix of 2 drill rigs, 2 completion rigs, and 1 pad construction activity on 40-acre spacing was
created to simulate a likely development scenario for Alternative B. Annual NO, and DPM
impacts were modeled and compared to standards. Results show that impacts would be only
slightly less than those under Alternative A (annual NO, plus background = 32 % of NAAQS.
annual DPM = 8 % of DPM RfC).
Fugitive dust (PM10 and PM, s) impacts modeled under Alternative A were scaled against traffic
counts in order to estimate impacts under Alternative B. Total traffic counts for each matrix
configuration for each alternative were summed on a per well/per pad basis and used to develop
the scaling factor for Alternative B. Table 5-6 presents the traffic counts and scaling factor
applied while Table 5-7 summarizes estimated fugitive dust impacts.
Since the 6 x 6 x 3 matrix applied in Alternative A is likely to closely represent the development
configuration observed under Alternative E, no near-field modeling was performed for
Alternative E. Development impacts are therefore estimated to be equivalent to those predicted
for Alternative A.
Air Quality Technical Report
Table 5-6. Traffic Counts and Scaling Factors Used to Estimate Potential PM10 and
PM2.5 Impacts
Total Round Trip Traffic per Development
- - Configuration " Scaling Factor Applied to
Activity Alt A Alt B Alternative B
(6x6x3) (2x2x1)
Construction 105 35 -
Drilling 1248 4 16 -
|8
Air Quality Technical Report
I I +
-1000 O 1000 2000 3000
Well Pad and Access Road ug/m’= micrograms per cubic meter
Air Quality Technical Report
20
Air Quality Technical Report
A “most-likely scenario” was developed to assess the HAP impacts. A modeling grid was
developed with the largest proposed compressor station (11,200 horsepower) in the center
surrounded by 6 well pads. Since approximately half of the proposed well pads will have at least
two directionally drilled wells drilled from existing locations, the twin well per pad scenario was
modeled in order to identify the maximum ambient air HAP concentrations that could occur in
the WTP Project Area from multiple facilities. The HAP results would be equivalent for all
project alternatives and therefore only one scenario was modeled. HAP emissions were modeled
for the following sources:
• Gas well pads: dehydrator emissions, condensate tank emissions and gas powered pump
jack engine emissions; and
• Compressor stations: An 11,200 horsepower compressor station with associated
compressor engine emissions and dehydrator/condensate tank emissions controlled by a
flare.
Receptors were spaced at 25 meters along the perimeter of the well pads and compressor station.
Receptor spacing of 100 meters was utilized from the facility perimeters out to 2 kilometers.
Modeled results were compared to the acute, chronic, and carcinogenic thresholds listed in
Section 4.0 for each applicable HAP.
The compressor engines and well pad sources were modeled as point sources with the release
parameters listed in Table 5-8.
Table 5-9 shows the estimated HAP emissions from each individual facility. Emissions from
well pad production equipment are representative of the maximum for all proposed formations
within the CWSA.
Air Quality Technical Report
Short-term impacts from HAP exposure were assessed by comparing one-hour average impacts to
the HAP-specific acute REL (reference exposure level) and annual average impacts to the HAP
specific RfC (reference concentration for continuous inhalation exposure). The REL is the acute
concentration at or below which no adverse health effects are expected. The RfC is the average
concentration, i.e., an annual average, at or below which no long-term adverse health effects are
expected. Both of these guideline values are for non-cancer effects.
Table 5-10 presents the predicted results in comparison to the State of Utah TSLs for averaging
periods of 1-hour (short-term) and 24-hour (chronic).
Table 5-10. WTP Proposed Action Utah Toxic Screening Level (TSL) Impacts
Predicted Maximum Toxic Screening
Pollutant and Averaging Time Impact Levels" Percent of
(ug/m’) (ug/m’) TSL
22
Air Quality Technical Report
Table 5-11 presents the acute RELs and RfCs for non-cancer effects for the Proposed Action.
The predicted maximum concentrations of all HAPs are compared against the REL and RfC for
each pollutant.
Table 5–11. WTP Proposed Action Non-Carcinogenic Acute REL and RfC Impacts
Predicted Predicted
Maximum Maximum
HAP REI, 1-Hour % of Ric, Annual | */6 of RfC
(Hg/m’) Impact REL (Hg/m’) Impact
(ug/m’) (ugm’)
Benzene 1,300 ° | 60 12% 30 8.15 27%
Toluene 37,000" 160 <1% 400 8. 16 2.0%
Ethylbenzene 350,000" 3.8 <1% 1,000 0.26 <1%
Xylenes 22,000 ° 53.2 <1% 100 2.68 2.7%
n-Hexane 390,000" 56.1 <1% 200 2.83 1.4%
Formaldehyde 94 * 28.9 3.1% 9.8 0.99 10%
* EPA Air Toxics Database. Table 2 (EPA 2002a)
* Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)/10. EPA Air Toxics Database, Table 2 (EPA 2002a) since no available REL
* EPA Air Toxics Database, Table (EPA 2002a)
Figure 6-1 illustrates the concentration contours for the highest 1-hour benzene concentration
under the Proposed Action. For all modeling years, the maxima all pollutants was at the
boundary of the proposed compressor station.
Since benzene and formaldehyde are carcinogenic, annual average concentrations of these two
HAPs were modeled and expressed as a long-term cancer risk (based on 70-year exposure).
Cancer risk was estimated for two exposure scenarios: 1) most likely exposure (MLE) for
residents and 2) a maximally exposed individual (MEI) corresponding to an individual that could
be exposed for the entire life of the project (assumed as 28 years of production [the last 5 years of
project life are for abandonment and reclamation]), such as compressor station workers. For the
MEI risk, it is assumed that a person is exposed continuously (24 hours per day, 365 days per
year) for the life of project (LOP). For the MLE risk, an adjustment will be made for the amount
of time a family stays at a residence (nine years) and for the portion of time spent away from the
home (64 percent of the day) (EPA 1997). It will further be assumed that households are exposed
to one-quarter of the maximum concentration the remaining (36 percent) of the time. Exposure
adjustment factors of 0.47 for the MEl (28/70) and 0.095 for the MLE
[(9/70)*((0.64*1)+(0.36°0.25))] will be applied to the estimated cancer risk to account for the
actual time that an individual could be exposed during a 70-year lifetime. Resultant exposure
adjustment factors for the MLE and MEl scenarios of 0.095 and 0.47 were applied to the
estimated cancer risk to account for the actual time that an individual would be exposed during a
70-year lifetime.
Table 5-12 presents the unit risk factor, exposure adjustment factor, and the estimated cancer risk
for the MLE and MEI exposure scenarios for benzene and formaldehyde. The unit risk factor is a
slope factor that when multiplied by the ambient air concentration provides an estimate of the
probability of one additional person contracting cancer based on continuous exposure over a 70
year lifetime. A range of unit risk factors is available for benzene.
23
Air Quality Technical Report
Table 5- I -
.e Cancer Risk
cenario - º sº
- ſit º --
The increased cancer risk from benzene and formaldehyde are cumulative, because an individual
is exposed to both compounds at the same time. Therefore for the increased risk to individuals
receiving the most likely dose is 2.9 x 10°to 7.3 x 10". A maximally exposed individual would
have an increased risk of 1.2 x 10° to 3.1 x 10°. There is uncertainty involved in adding cancer
risk estimates together. However it is common when carcinogens have similar target organs or
modes of action. Benzene is a known human carcinogen, exposure is known to cause leukemia.
Formaldehyde is a probable carcinogen, exposure is suspected to cause leukemia. Therefore this
is a conservative estimate. The generally acceptable risk range is 1 x 10" to 1 x 10".
The near-field impact assessment considered NOx, CO, PM10, and PM2 s emissions during the
operational phase of the WTP after full-field development. Since SO2 emissions from vehicle
exhaust would be less than one ton per year, these emissions were not included in the near-field
modeling. All facilities were assumed to operate continuously throughout the year. Alternative
A (Proposed Action) was the only scenario modeled. Impacts from additional alternatives would
be equivalent to Alternative A, with the exception of fugitive dust from operations, which was
scaled according to vehicle traffic estimates as discussed below.
A “worst case scenario” representative model was created. A modeling grid was developed with
the largest proposed compressor station (11,200 horsepower) in the center surrounded by six well
pads. Since approximately half of the proposed well pads will have at least two directionally
drilled wells drilled from existing locations, the twin well per pad scenario was modeled in order
to identify the maximum ambient air Criteria pollutant concentrations that could occur in the
WTP Project Area from multiple facilities. The Criteria pollutant results would be equivalent for
all project alternatives and therefore only one scenario was modeled. Criteria pollutant emissions
were modeled for the following sources:
• Gas well pads: condensate tank heater emissions and gas powered pump jack engine
emissions:
24
Air Quality Technical Report
Receptors were spaced at 25 meters along the perimeter of the well pads and the perimeter of the
compressor station. Receptor spacing of 100 meters was utilized from the facility perimeters out
to 2 kilometers.
6.2 EMISSIONS
Project emission sources were modeled as both point and area sources. Point sources consisted of
the following:
Emissions resulting from road dust generated by vehicles and the vehicle exhaust on these access
roads were characterized as an area source 532 meters long by 15 meters wide. One road
segment was associated with each well pad (six total road segments). A maximum of three
vehicles per well per day were assumed to travel each road.
Table 6-1 summarizes the point source modeling emission rates calculated from the estimated
annual emissions for the full-field WTP Proposed Action operations. Table 6-2 summarizes the
area source PM10 and PM2.5 emission rates. Annual emission rates assumed that all sources
would emit continuously throughout the year. Annual fugitive dust emissions assumed a natural
emission control from 73 days of precipitation (NCDC data for Nutters Ranch, UT 1963-1986).
Short-term fugitive dust emission rates assumed 12-hour per day vehicle operation and
conservatively did not include factors for dust control. The release parameters for all WTP point
and area sources are described in Tables 6–3 and 6-4.
Table 6–1. WTP Proposed Action Point Source Modeling Emission Rates (Ibs/hour)
Pollutant
Compressor
Station (CS) CS Tank Heater Pump,ack Wellsite Heater
Engi Engine
ngine
NOx 5.29 | 0.0375 0.265 0.243
CO 0.2270
PM to 0.1588
PM2.5 0.0243
Impacts from the WTP Proposed Action within the near-field analysis area were estimated using
dispersion modeling.Results of the near-field modeling for each of the highest value of the five
years of meteorological data, with the added background concentrations, are presented in Table
6–5. The predicted impacts are compared to applicable Utah and NAAQS standards and
applicable PSD Class II increments. All comparisons with PSD Class II increments are intended
only to evaluate potential significance, and do not represent a regulatory PSD increment
consumption analysis. PSD increment consumption analyses are typically applied to large
industrial sources during permitting, and are solely the responsibility of the State of Utah with
EPA oversight.
Figure 6–2 illustrates the concentration contours for the highest annual NO, concentration under
the Proposed Action. For all modeling years, the maxima all pollutants was near the boundary of
the proposed compressor station.
Air Quality Technical Report
Because the largest compressor station and the maximum amount of traffic for a given well
during operations was modeled for the Proposed Action and the alternatives would be similar,
estimated potential impacts will be the same for Alternatives B and E. Since control devices
would be applied to well site condensate tanks and dehydration units, the HAP impacts would be
less near the well pads. However, the maximum HAP impacts for Alternatives C, D and E would
be near the compressor station and therefore similar to the Proposed Action.
27
Air Quality Technical Report
Figure 6-1. Maximum Predicted Potential Operation Benzene 1-Hr Impacts (ug/m’)
| - - * — — -
I | T
–
/ * *
| D º - Point of Maximum
º --- Predicted Potentialſ
`--~`-- ~~º | Benzene - 1-Hr Impact -
… -- *
º
) &e .
3o 160 agſm’
Z * <>< 2
º
%2 /90
2^ <
; «
20
[] º -
D
–
-
–
-- -
\º. Cº
& 8 D \
• Contour Interval = 10 pg/m’
|-- ug/m'- micrograms per cubic
— | ======- +
[] = Wellpad Meters
T T]
0 500 1000 1500 2000 meters
Report
Technical
Quality
Air
r.
Predicted
Maximum
Annual
of
Point meter
cubic
per
micrograms
ug/m’=
- |
+
I
|
I
pg/m
2
=
Interval
Contour
----—-"
`~
"-- -
Pi—
ug/m’
22
Impact
NO,
Potential
**
\
–
|
|→
–|-
•
\Z&
º
Maximum
Potential
(ug/m’)
Impacts
Operation
NO,
Annual
6–2.
Figure
Predicted
*-_i=A
*
A
-
=
O
5OO
O15OO
12OOO
OO
Meters
30
`
ºr
_-T -
/
f\
Horsepower
11,200
r *
-
4
ºr
--~~
- - -
2
__3
Tº
~
C
6
to
—-
Z
*.)
- Compres_-
or
||Nº|
>
Road
and
Pad
Well
[H
/
---
5T;>
- --
Air Quality Technical Report
7.0 REFERENCES
Buys & Associates. 2007a. Emissions Inventory for the West Tavaputs Plateau Oil & Gas
Development Draft EIS. Prepared for Bureau of Land Management.
Buys & Associates. 2007c. Far-Field Air Quality Impact Assessment Report for the West
Tavaputs Plateau Oil & Gas Development Draft EIS. Prepared for Bureau of Land
Management.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1993. Superfund National Oil and Hazardous
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (see 40 CFR § 300.430 (e)(2)(i)(A)(2))
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1995. User’s Guide for the Industrial Source
Complex (ISC3) Dispersion Models. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards.
Research Triangle Park, NC. September 1995.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1997. Exposure Factors Handbook Update.
EPA/600/P-95/002Fa. Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C. 1997.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2002a. Dose-Response Assessment for Assessing
Health Risks Associated with Exposure to Hazardous Air Pollutants. Tables l and 2.
Available online at: http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/toxsource/
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2002b. Health Assessment Document for Diesel
Engine Exhaust. Prepared by the National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Washington, DC, for the Office of Transportation and Air Quality; EPA/600/8-90/057F.
Available from: National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA:PB2002-107661,
and <http://www.epa.gov/ncea-.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2003. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
database Available online at: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/index.html
Utah Division of Environmental Quality - Division of Air Quality. 2000. Utah Division of Air
Quality Modeling Guidelines. August 2000.
3|
Air Quality Technical Report
32
APPENDIX A
Assumptions:
Emissions (TSP lbs/hr) = 5.7 ° (soil silt content %)^1.2 * (soil moisture content %)^-1.3’ Control Efficiency
Emissions (PM15 lbs/hr) = 1.0 * (soil silt content %)^1.5 ' (soil moisture content %)^-1.4 Control Efficiency
Note: The majority of new pipeline will be installed adjacent to proposed access roads
and will not result significant additional surface disturbance.
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions:
Emissions (TSP lbs/hr) = 5.7 (soil silt content %)^1.2 * (soil moisture content %)^-1.3’ Control Efficiency
Emissions (PM15 lbs/hr) = 1.0 . (soil silt content %)^1.5 ' (soil moisture content %)^-1.4 °Control Efficiency
Note: The majority of new pipeline will be installed adjacent to proposed access roads
and will not result significant additional surface disturbance.
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project; wip Proposed Action inventory
Environmental Consultants
Haul rucks
rucks
1
Annual
Infrastructure Development
3 4.
Annual Traffic Fugitive Dust Emissions (tons/year) T 6768.36 | I 1037.82 |
a Taſſº Esmates are based. Upon an approximately 74 days construction T3 days aſſing aſ downhoe Tocations ºf aſſow wells, 26 days drilling at direction wells (shallow wells).
29-days completion, and 6-days infrastructure development per well or well pad as appropriate
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions
Threshold Friction Velocity U," 1.02 m/s (228 mph) for well pads (AP.42 Table 13.2.5-2 Overburden - Western Surface Coal Mine
1.33 m/s (2.97 mph) for roads (AP-42 Table 13.2.5-2 Roadbed material)
Initial Disturbance Area 1843.0 acres total initial disturbance for roads/pipelines (Proposed Action)
7,458,345 square meters total initial disturbance for roads/pipelines
1,813 acres total initial disturbance for well pads and other facilities (Proposed Action)
7,336,939 square meters total initial disturbance for well pads and other facilities
Fastest Mile Wind Speed Uno' 20.1 meters/sec (45 mph) reported as fastest 2-minute wind speed for Grand Junction (2002)
Number soil of disturbances 2 for well pads and facilities (Assumption, disturbance at construction and reclamation)
Constant for dirt roads
Equations
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Hours of Construction 140 hours per site (Proposed Action)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) 453.6 (g/lb) Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S./SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP.42 Append H Table 7.1.2 - HD Diesel Powered vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (695)
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) " 453.6 (g/lb) " Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S / SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) 453.6 (g/lb) Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S 1 SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append HTable 7.1.2 - HD. Diesel Powered vehicles. High Altitude, 1991-1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (695)
AP-42 Append H Table 4.1A2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
Emission factor is for total Hydrocarbons - Methane Offset
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) * 453.6 (g/lb) " Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S 1 SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (695)
AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A 2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Ernission Factor (g/hp.hr) Rated Horsepower (hp) Operating Hours (hrs) Load Factor (Dimensionless)
453.6 (g/lb) 2000 (Ibſtons)
ractor
Vehicles Emissions | Emissions" | E. Factor" | Emissions
Vehicles
AP-42 volume II, Mobile Sources. Nonroad Vehicles, Table 11-7.1 Off-highway truck
AP-42 Volume II, Mobile Sources, Nonroad Vehicles, Table 11-7.1 Motor Grader
Emission Factor represents total Hydrocarbon Emissions
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (Ibhp-hr) Rated Horsepower (hp)' Operating Hours (hrs) • Load Factor (Dimensionless)
2000 (Ibſtons)
: Total particulate emission factor is 0.0007, PM2.5 fraction determined from Table 3.4-2
Assumes rate specified by Proponent
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (Ib/hp-hr) Rated Horsepower (hp)' Operating Hours (hrs) Load Factor (Dimensionless)
2000 (Ibſtons)
i Total particulate emission factor is 0.0007, PM2.5 fraction determined from Table 34-2
Assumes maximum development scenario
AP.42 Table 3.3-1, Emission Factors for Uncontrolled Gasoline and Diesel Industrial Engines, 1096
g All particulates are PM10
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions
Hours of Operation 2 days (Typical)
Equations
NOx/CO Emissions (Ib/well) = Emission Factor (Ib/MM Btu) Gas Amount (MMscf/well) • Heat Content (Btu/scſ)
Flare Gas Wt. (Ib/well) = Flare Gas Volume (MMscſ/well)" 10° (scf/MMscſ) • Mole Weight (Ib/lb-mole)
379.49 (scſ/mole)
VOC Emissions (Ib/well) = Flare Gas Wt. (Ib/well) • VOC wi. 9% 0.02 (Assumes 98% destruction Efficiency)
Total
Factor | Emissions! Emissions! Emissions"
Emissions Wind
Reclamation Erosion
Criteria
121.6 2.1 570.2
415.3 14.7 681.7
72.6 1.2 106.3
3.5 0.1 12.5
4,370.0 216.2 6,654.4
673.1 33.2 1,036.9
ardous Air Pollutants
0.001
Oluene 0.001
0.756
0.032
0.756
0.032 0.8
Otal HAPs 0.0 1.6 0.8
COMPONENT MOLE COMPONENT NET WEIGHT GROSS NET DRY | LOWER | NET LOW
PERCENT MOLE MOLE FRACTION HEATING | HEATING | HEATING | HEATING
WEIGHT WEIGHT VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
Relative Mole Weight (Ib/lb-mole) = | Mole Percent Molecular weight (Ibib-mole)] / 100
Assumptions:
Equations:
- AP.42 Table 3.2-3 Uncontrolled Emission Factors for 4-Stroke Rich-Burn Engines, 7/00
- Fuel gas is assumed to be free from sulfur compounds
: - Conversion from Ib/MMBtu to g/hp-hr assumes an average heat rate of 8,000 Btuſhp-hr ("3.632)
- PM = Sum of PM filterable and PM Condensable
- Utah typical BACT control rates for internal combustion engines
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project. WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions
Average Production Rate: 0.384 MMscf/day/well (Average for life of the well, Proposed Action)
Number of Active Wells Requiring Separators: 807 wells at Peak Production
Wells Requiring Dehydrators: 202 (25% of wells, Proposed Action)
Gas Composition: Inlet Gas Sample from Average of Seven Existing Wells
Inlet Gas Conditions: Inlet gas saturated at 200 psi and 70 F (Proponent Estimate)
Calculations
Dehydrator emissions were simulated using GRI GlyCalc version 4.0
Controls
Emissions
Flare to achieve 95% Control Efficiency controlling tank and dehydrator emissions on wellpad
(Proposed Action)
Buys & Associates, Inc. WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants 11/27/2007
Assumptions
Dehydrator Reboiler Heater Size 750 Mbtuſhr (Proposed Action)
Separator Healer Size 500 Mbtuſhr (Proposed Action)
Tank Heater Size 500 Mbtuſhr (Proponent)
Wells Requiring Separators 807 wells at Peak Production
Wells Requiring Dehydrators: 202 (25% of wells. Proposed Action)
Wells Requiring Tank Heaters: 807 per pad (one to two tanks per pad, Proposed Action)
Fuel Gas Heat Value 1066 Bluscſ (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Fuel Gas VOC Content 0.081 by weight (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Equations
Fuel Consumption (MMscſ/yr) = Healer Size (MBtuſhr) 1,000 (Btu MBru) Hours of Operation (hrs/yr)
Fuel Heat Value (Bluscſ) 1,000,000 (scſ/MMscſ)
NOx/CO/TOC Emissions (tons/yr) = AP 42 E. Factor (Ibs/MMscſ) Fuel Consumption (MMscf/yr) • Fuel heating Value (Bluscſ)
2,000 (Ibston) 1,000 (Btuscſ Standard Fuel Heating Value)
Sp |Wellsite Heater Emissions - Sep s_Wellsite Heater Emissions - Dehydrators ||Wellsite Heater E is - Tanks
[Emission Well Total Emission Well Total Emission Well Total Total
Factor | Emissions | Emissions Factor | Emissions Emissions Factor Emissions | Emissions Emissions
Ib/MMscſ)] (Ib/hrſwell) (tons/yr) (Ib/MMscſ)] (Ib/hrſwell) (lons/yr) (Ib/MMscſ) || (Ib/hrſwell) L (tons/yr) (lons/yr)
Criteria Pollutants & VOC
NO, * 100 0.047 122,652 100 0.070 45.995 100 0.047 122.652 291.299
CO " 84 0.039 103 028 84 0.059 38.635 84 0.039 103 028 244,691
TOC * 11 0.005 13,492 11 0.008 5,059 11 0.005 13,492 32,043
VOC N.A. 0.000 1.091 N.A. 0.001 0.409 N.A. 0.000 1.091 2.592
so, F 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00 0 000 0.000 0.00 0 000 0.000 0.000
TSP “ 7.6 0.004 9 322 7.6 0.005 3.496 7.6 0 004 9 322 22, 139
PM,o “ 7.6 0.004 9.322 7.6 0.005 3.496 7.6 0.004 9.322 22, 139
PM, sº 7.6 0.004 9 322 7.6 0.005 3.496 7.6 0.004 9,322 22. 139
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Benzene" 0 0021 9.9E-07 0 003 0 0021 1.5E-06 0.001 0 0021 9.9E-07 0.003 0.006
Tojuene" 0.0034 1.6E-06 0.004 0.0034 2.4E-06 0.002 0.0034 1.6E-06 0.004 0.010
Hexane." 1.8 8.4E-04 2.208 1.8 1.3E 03 O 828 1.8 8.4E-04 2 208 5.243
Formaldehyde d 0.075 3.5E-05 0.092 0.075 5.3E-05 0.034 0.075 35E-05 0.092 0.218
Greenhouse Gases
CO2 ° 120,000 56.29 147,182.73 120,000 84.436 55, 193 524 120 000 56.29 147,182,730 349,558 985
CH, ° 2.3 0.001 2,821 2.3 0.002 1,058 2.3 0.001 2,821 6 700
a AP-42 Table 1.4-1. Ernission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion, 7/98
b Assumes produced gas contains no sulfur
C AP-42 Table 1.4-2. Emission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion, 798 (All Particulales are PM1.0)
d AP-42 Table 1.4-3. Emission Factors for Organic Compounds from Natural Gas Combustion, 7.98
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions:
Average Condensate Production Rate: 1.5 bbls condensate per day (Average for life of the well, Proposed Action))
Number of Active Wells: 807 wells at Peak Production
Emissions:
Assumptions: During Production, a percentage of the wells are periodically blown down to unload fluids
TIVE
WEIGHT PERCENT I MOLE WEIGHT | Fraction I FLOW RATE | FLOW RATE | FLOW RATE
Assumptions:
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/ml) = Fuel Density (Ibigal) 4536 (g/lb) Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append H Table 4.1A2. H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
AP-42 Append H Table 7.1.2 - HD Diesel Powered vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (695)
: Emission factor is for total Hydrocarbons - Methane Offset
AP-42 Append H Tables 7.10A2 and 4.10A2 HD. Methane Offsets. High Altitude, 1986+ and 1988, Vehicle Year
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Calculation AP-42, Chapter 13.2.2 E (PM10) vMT = 1.5 ' (S. 12)^09 (w/3)^0.45 (365-p).365)
December 2003 E (PM2.5) / VMT = 0.23 " (S.12)^0.9 (W3)^0.45 (365-p).365)
Silt Content (S) 7 Mean value Table 13.2.2.1 for Gravel Surfaces
Average Round Trip Miles 42 miles on unpaved roads
(Average of Pumper.Condensate, and Water Hauling Distance)
365 days (Estimate) Precipitation Days (P) 73 days per year (NCDC data for Nutters Ranch, UT 1963-1986)
Ave. Round
Vehicle Type Weight Trips per PM10 Total PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5
Truck. 7 30
Haul Truck 48. 15
T W - 81
Mean 38 1 - - 503,51
0.127504
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: w(P Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
352.6
3700
0.0 - 0.7
2.2 1,666.2
2.2 276.1
Air Pollutants
0.2 0.0E 400 59.3
0.1 0.0E 100 53.2
2.8E-03 0.0E 400 1.9
2.2E-02 0.0E 400 12.4
0.0E 400 133.1
2.3 2.5
otal HAPs 2.6 0.0E . 262.
Gases
349.559.0 12,453.0 77.2 362,120.2
6.7 260 1,648.2 2,250.8
COMPONENT MOLE COMPONENT NET WEIGHT GROSS NET DRY | LOWER | NET LOW
PERCENT MOLE MOLE FRACTION HEATING | HEATING | HEATING | HEATING
WEIGHT WEIGHT VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
(Ib/lb-mole) Ib/lb-mole) (BTU/scſ) (BTU/scſ)] (BTU/scſ)] (BTU/scſ)
Methane 91.3030 16.043 14,648 0.815 1010.000| 922. 160| 910,000 830.857
Ethane 5.3050 30,070 1.595 0.089 1769.800 93.888| 1618,000 85.835
Relative Mole Weight (|b|b-mole) = [Mole Percent Molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole) || 100
Assumptions:
Equations:
453.6 g/lb
1 - AP-42 Table 3.2-3 Uncontrolled Emission Factors for 4-Stroke Rich-Burn Engines, 7/00
2 - Fuel gas is assumed to be free from sulfur compounds
3 - Conversion from Ib/MMBtu to g/hp-hr assumes an average heat rate of 8,000 Btuſhp-hr ("3.632)
4 - PM = sum of PM filterable and PM condensable
5 - Proposed Action Total Annual Emissions for New Compression (24,000 hp)
6 - Assumed equivalent control rates for internal combustion engines located at existing Dry Canyon Facility
7 - Each individual engine estimated at 1,600 hp (Proposed Action)
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions
Gas Composition: Inlet Gas Sample from Dry Canyon Compresor Station, dated 2/18/04
Inlet Gas Conditions: Inlet gas saturated at 600 psi and 108 F
Calculations
Dehydrator emissions were simulated using GRI GlyCalc version 4.0
Controls
Condenser/Combustor > 95% Control Efficiency in order to meet Federal MACT Standards
Condenser Operating Conditions: 120 deg. F, 11.5 psia
Emissions
Each station throughput estimated according to the ratio of new compression proposed at each station
and based on a peak field production rate of 250MMsc(d
Buys & Associates, Inc. wTP Proposed Action inventory
Environmental Consultants 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions
Dehydrator Reboiler Heater 500 Mbtuſhr (Estimate based on Dry Canyon Facility)
Tank Heater Size 500 Mbtuſhr (Estimate based on Dry Canyon Facility)
Total Heater Requirmerment Facility 1 3,000 Mbtuſhr (Proposed Action Estimate, 2.Dehydrator Reboiler Heaters, 4-Tank Heaters)
Total Heater Requirmerment Facility 2 3,000 Mbtuſhr (Proposed Action Estimate, 2-Dehydrator Reboiler Heaters, 4-Tank Heaters)
Total Heater Requirmement Facility 3 6,000 Mbtuſhr (Proposed Action Estimate, 4-Dehydrator Reboiler Healers, 8-Tank Heaters)
Fuel Gas Heat Value 992 Btuſscſ (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Fuel Gas VOC Content 0.083 by weight (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Fuel Consumption (MMSct/yr) = Heater Size (MBluſhr) 1,000 (Btu/MBtu) • Hours of Operation (hrs/yr)
Fuel Heat Value (Bluscſ) 1,000,000 (scſ/MMscſ)
NOx;CO/TOC Emissions (tons/yr) = AP-42 E. Factor (Ibs/MMscſ) • Fuel Consumption (MMscf/yr) • Fuel heating Value (Btu/scſ)
2,000 (Ibston) 1,000 (Bluscſ - Standard Fuel Heating Value)
Speci Central Heater Emissions - Facility 1 Central Heater Emissions - Facility 2 Central Heater Emissions - Facility 3
Emission Well Total Emission Well Total Emission Well Total Total
Factor Emissions | Emissions Factor | Emissions | Emissions Factor | Emissions | Emissions Emissions
(Ib/MMscſ) (Ib/hr) (tons/yr) (Ib/MMscſ) (Ib/hr) (tons/yr) (Ib/MMscſ)] (Ib/hr) (tons/yr) (tons/yr)
Criteria Pollutants & VOC
NO, * 100 0.300 0.657 100 0.300 0.657 100 0.600 1.314 2 628
CO" 84 0.252 0.552 84 0.252 0.552 84 0.504 1. 104 2,208
Toc * 11 0.033 0.072 11 0.033 0.072 11 0 066 0.145 0.289
VOC N.A. 0.003 0.006 N.A. 0.003 0.006 N.A. 0.006 0.012 0 024
so." 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.000 0 000 0.00 0.000 0 000 0.000
TSP “ 7.6 0.023 0.050 7.6 0.023 0.050 7.6 0.046 0.100 0.200
PM,o * 7.6 0.023 0.050 7.6 0.023 0.050 7.6 0.046 0 100 0.200
PM, sº 7.6 0.023 0.050 7.6 0.023 0.050 7.6 0.046 0 100 0.200
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Benzene" 2.1 E-03 6.3E-06 1.4E-05 2.1E-03 6.3E-06 1.4E-05 0.0021 1.3E-05 2.8E-05 5.5E-05
Toluene" 3.4E-03 1 OE-05 22E.05 3.4E-03 1.OE-05 2.2E-05 0.0034 2.0E-05 4.5E-05 8.9E-05
Hexane" 1.8E4.00 5.4E-03 1.2E-02 1.8E400 5.4E-03 1.2E-02 1.8 1, 1 E-02 2.4E-02 4 7E-02
Formaldehyde d 7.5E-02 2.3E-04 4.9E-04 7.5E-02 2.3E-04 4.9E-04 0.075 4.5E-04 9.9E-04 2.0E-03
Greenhouse Gases
CO, * 120,000 360.00 788.40 120,000 360.00 788 40 120,000 720.00 1,576 80 3.153,600
CH, ° 23 0 007 0 0 15 2.3 0 007 0 0 15 23 0 0 14 0.030 0.060
a AP-42 Table 1,4-1, Emission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion, 7/98
b Assumes produced gas contains no sulfur
c AP-42 Table 14-2, Emission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion, 7/98 (All Particulates are PM10)
d AP-42 Table 1.4-3. Emission Factors for Organic Compounds from Natural Gas Combustion, 7.98
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
Assumptions:
Calculations:
Emissions:
1
Central Dehydrator Heater otal Facility
Pollutant Emissions Emissions Emissions Tank Emissions Emissions
6,400 hp 67MMscid
92.7
1
1
0.0
4.4
4.4
HAPs 1
Gases
24,690.5 25,481.4
51.6 65.9
2
Central Compression Central Dehydrator Central Heater | Central Condensate Total Facility
Pollutant Emissions Emissions Emissions Tank Emissions Emissions
6,400 hp 67MMscid
tons
Pollutants &
92.7
123.
61
0.0
4.4
4.4
4.
1
24.690.5 25,481.4
51.6 65.9
Pollutants &
1622
16.3
1
0.0
7.6
0.1417 0.0202
0.0500 00071
0.0022 0.0003
0 0175 0.0025
xane 0.0000 00000
18385 0.2626
otal HAPs 2.0499 0.2928
Greenhouse Gases
43.208.3 44,789.6
90.3 115.4
D
D
D
D
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project; WTP Proposed Action inventory
D Environmental Consultants Date: 1 1/27/2007
D
29. Total Project Production Related Emissions Summary
D
D
Total Project Production Related Emissions (tons/year)." Total
) Pollutant Well Production | Central Facility 1 || Central Facility 2 | Central Facility 3 Production
(tons/year) (tons/year) (tons/year) (tons/year) (tons/year)
) Criteria Pollutants & VOC
NO, 352.6 93.4 93.4 163.5 702.8
) CO 370.0 124.2 124.2 217.4 835.7
VOC 5,593.5 91.8 91.8 160.6 5,937.8
) SO2 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7
PMio 1,666.2 4.4 4.4 77 1,682.8
PM2s 276.1 x 4.4 7.7 288.2
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Benzene 59.3 1.9 1.9 3.4 66.6
oluene 53.2 1.7 1.7 2.9 59.4
Ethylbenzene 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0
Xylene 12.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 14.5
n-Hexane 133.1 0.7 0.7 1.3 135.8
Formaldehyde 2.5 4.6 4.6 8.1 19.8
Total HAPS 262.5 9.5 9.5 16.6 298.1
Greenhouse Gases
CO2 362,120.2 25,481.4 25,481.4 44,789.6 457,872.6
CHA 2,250.8 65.9 65.9 115.4 2,498.0
Assumptions:
Emissions (TSP lbs/hr) = 5.7 ° (soil silt content %)^1.2 * (soil moisture content %)^-1.3’ Control Efficiency
Emissions (PM15 lbs/hr) = 1.0 (soil silt content %)^1.5 ' (soil moisture content 9%)^-1.4 °Control Efficiency
Note: The majority of new pipeline will be installed adjacent to proposed access roads
and will not result significant additional surface disturbance.
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Emissions (TSP lbs/hr) = 5.7 (soil silt content %)^1.2 . (soil moisture content %)^-1.3’ Control Efficiency
Emissions (PM15 lbs/hr) = 1.0 . (soil silt content %)^1.5 ' (soil moisture content %)^-14 Control Efficiency
Note: The majority of new pipeline will be installed adjacent to proposed access roads
and will not result significant additional surface disturbance.
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project. WTP Al B. No Action inventory
Calculation AP 42, Chapter 13.22 E (PM10) vMI - 1.5 (s.12, o 9 (w/3):045 (365 py365)
Oecember 2003 E (PM25) VMT = Q 23 (S. 12)^0.9 . (wº)^0.45
Sill Corter (S) 7 Mean value ſable 13.2.2 1 for Gravel Surfaces
Round Trip Miles 74
for Ranch, UT 1963-1986)
14
Hatº Trucks
fux-k
Trattic Estimates are based upon an approximately 14 days construction 13 days drilling at downhole locations (shallow wells), 26 days drilling at dºection wells (shallow wells),
infrastr 3s
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTPAlt B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions
Threshold Friction Velocity U," 1.02 m/s (2.28 mph) for well pads (AP-42 Table 13.2.5–2 Overburden - Western Surface Coal Mine
1.33 m/s (2.97 mph) for roads (AP-42 Table 13.2.5-2 Roadbed material)
Initial Disturbance Area 377.0 acres total initial disturbance for roads/pipelines (Chapter 2)
1,525,662 square meters total initial disturbance for roads/pipelines
249 acres total initial disturbance for well pads and other facilities (Chapter 2)
1,007,666 square meters total initial disturbance for well pads and other facilities
Fastest Mile Wind Speed Ulo' 20.1 meters/sec (45 mph) reported as fastest 2-minute wind speed for Grand Junction (2002)
Number soil of disturbances 2 for well pads and facilities (Assumption, disturbance at construction and reclamation)
Constant for dirt roads
Equations
Erosion Potential P(g/m’ſperiod) = 58'(U'-U’) ' 25° (U-U,”) for U">U.’, P = 0 for Urz U.’
ISP 1 42 0.00
PM 10 0.71 0.00
PM2.5 0.28 0.00
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTPAIt B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Hours of Construction 140 hours per site (Chapter 2)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (Ib/gal) 453.6 (g/lb) • Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S / SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP.42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles, High Altitude. 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50.000 miles (6,95)
AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A2. H. D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (695)
Emission factor is for total Hydrocarbons - Methane Offset
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (Ib/gal) * 453.6 (g/lb) • Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S/SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
a AP-42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
b AP-42 Append H Table 4.1A2. H.D. Gasoline Vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
c Emission factor is for total Hydrocarbons - Methane Offset
d Assumes construction rate specified by Proponent
e AP-42 Append. H Tables 7.10A2 and 4.10A.2 H.D. Methane Offsets. High Altitude, 1986+ and 1988+ Vehicle Year
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTPAIt B. No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/ml) = Fuel Density (bigal) 4536 (g/lb) Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S 1 SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
AP-42 Append H Table 4, 1A 2 - H. D. Gasoline vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (695)
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) 453.6 (g/lb) " Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S / SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Eſſiciency (miles/gal)
a AP-42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
b AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A 2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6/95)
c Emission factor is for total Hydrocarbons - Methane Offset
d Assumes construction rate specified by Proponent
e AP-42 Append. H Tables 7.10A2 and 4.10A2 H.D. Methane Offsets. High Altitude, 1986+ and 1988. Vehicle Year
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Aſt B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Dale: ########
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (g/hp.hr) Rated Horsepower (hp) Operating Hours (hrs) • Load Factor (Dimensionless)
453.6 (g/lb) 2000 (Ibſtons)
8 15 0 719 1.358 8 1
Vehicles Emissions
7 040
1
0.328
0.475
0.475
0, 196
1
AP-42 volurne II, Mobile Sources. Nonroad Vehicles. Table 11-7.1 Off-highway truck
AP-42 volume II. Mobile Sources. Nonroad Vehicles. Table 11-7.1 Motor Grader
Emission Factor represents total Hydrocarbon Emissions
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (Ib/hp-hr) Rated Horsepower (hp)' Operating Hours (hrs) Load Factor (Dimensionless)
2000 (Ibſtons)
: Total particulate emission factor is 0.0007, PM2.5 fraction determined from Table 34-2
Assumes rate specified by Proponent
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP All B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (Ib/hp-hr) " Rated Horsepower (hp). Operating Hours (hrs) Load Factor (Dimensionless)
2000 (Ibſtons)
Assumptions
Hours of Operation 2 days (Typical)
Equations
NOx/CO Emissions (b/well) = Emission Factor (Ib/MM Btu) Gas Amount (MMscf/well) • Heat Content (Btu/scſ)
Flare Gas Wt. (Ib/well) = Flare Gas Volume (MMsc(ſwell) 10° (scf/MMscſ) • Mole Weight (Ib/lb-mole)
379.49 (scf/mole)
VOC Emissions (b/well) = Flare Gas Wt. (Ib/well) • VOC wt.% 0.02 (Assumes 98% destruction Efficiency)
Well
Factor Emissions! Emissions! Emissions"
Criteria Pollutants
a
0.068 7.55
0.37 41.08
N.A. 8. 12
0.00 0.0 0.00
7.6 38 0.792
c
7.6 38 0.792
c
7.6 38 0.792
Hazardous Air Pollutants
0.0021 0.01.05 2.2E-04
oluene 0.0034 0.017 3.5E-04
1.8 9 0.188
0.075 0.375 0.008
Greenhouse Gases
c
120,000 600,000 12,500
0.14 746.1 15.54
Emissions Wind
Reclamation Erosion
0.2
7.7E-03 0.2
otal HAPs 0.2 0.2
Greenhouse Gases
12,782.2 16,244.5
0.0 16.4 18.7
COMPONENT MOLE COMPONENT NET WEIGHT GROSS NET DRY | LOWER | NET LOW
PERCENT MOLE MOLE FRACTION HEATING | HEATING | HEATING | HEATING
WEIGHT WEIGHT VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
Relative Mole Weight (Ib/lb-mole) = [Mole Percent Molecular weight (|b|b-mole)) / 100
Assumptions:
Equations:
- AP-42 Table 3.2-3 Uncontrolled Emission Factors for 4-Stroke Rich-Burn Engines, 700
- Fuel gas is assumed to be free from sulfur compounds
: - Conversion from Ib/MMBtu to g/hp-hr assumes an average heat rate of 8,000 Bluſhp-hr ("3.632)
- PM = surn of PM fillerable and PM condensable
- Worse-case BACT control rates for rich/lean burn internal combustion engines
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Alt B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions
Average Production Rate: 0.384 MMscf/day/well (Average for life of the well, Chapter 2)
Number of Active Wells Requiring Separators: 81 wells at Peak Production
Wells Requiring Dehydrators: 20 (25% of wells, Chapter 2)
Gas Composition: Inlet Gas Sample from Average of Seven Existing Wells
Inlet Gas Conditions: Inlet gas saturated at 200 psi and 70 F (Proponent Estimate)
Calculations
Dehydrator emissions were simulated using GRI GlyCalc version 4.0
Controls
Flare to achieve 95% Control Efficiency controlling tank and dehydrator emissions on wellpad
(Proposed Action)
Emissions
Assumptions
Dehydrator Reboilet Heate Stre 750 Mbtuhr (Chapter 2)
Separator Heater Size 500 Mbtuºh' (Chapter 2)
Tank Heater Size 500 Mbtubſ (Proponent)
wells Requiring Separators 81 wełłº at Peak Production
Weis Requinng Dehydrators 20 (25°s of wells. Chapter 2)
wells Requinrig tank Heaters 81 per pad ſome to two tanks per pad, Chapter 2)
Fuel Gas Heat value 1066 Bluscſ (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon facility)
Fuel Gas voC Content 0.081 by weight (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Equations
Fuel Consumption (MMsctyſ) - Healer Size (MBluhr) : 1000 (Blu MBlu) • Hours of Operation (hrsy
Fuel Heat value (Btu scſ) 1,000,000 (scº MMscſ)
NOx COTOC Emissions (lonsºr) - AP 42 E. Factor ſibs MMsc! uel Consumption (MMscºyſ) Fuel heating value (Btu scº
2,000 it ston) 1.000 (Bru tº Standard Fuel Heating Value)
Emissions -
Emission well Total Emission well Total Well Total Total
Factor Ernissions Ernissions Factor Emissions Emissions Ernissions | Ernissions Emissions
(lonsºyr) ſtons yr) ſtons yr)
4 12.311
!
Assumptions:
Average Condensate Production Rate 1.5 bbls condensate per day (Average for life of the well. Proposed Action))
Number of Active Wells 81 wells at Peak Production
Emissions:
0.074
Ouse Gases
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTPAIt B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions: During Production, a percentage of the wells are periodically blown down to unload fluids
E
WEIGHT PERCENT | MOLE WEIGHT | Fraction I FLOW RATE | FLOW RATE | FLOW RATE
Assumptions:
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) 4536 (gllb) • Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S 1 SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
0.184 0 01
AP-42 Append H Table 4.1A2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year. 50,000 miles (695)
AP-42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H. D. Diesel Powered Vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50.000 miles (6,95)
Calculation AP-42, Chapter 13.2.2 E (PM10) || VMT = 15 ' (S.12)^09 (W3)^0.45 - (365-p)/365)
December 2003 E (PM25) VMT = 0.23 (S. 12)^09 . (w/3)^0 45 - (365-p)/365)
Silt Content (S) 7 Mean value Table 13.2 2-1 for Gravel Surfaces
Average Round Trip Miles 42 miles on unpaved roads
(Average of Pumper Condensate, and Water Hauling Distance)
365 days (Estimate) Precipitation Days (P) 73 days per year (NCDC data for Nutters Ranch, UT 1963-1986)
Ave.
Vehicle Type Weight Trips per PM10 Total PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5
Truck 7
Haul Truck 48
Truck. W 48
81
Jriteria
Species
s&
Heaters Dehydrators Unit Engines Vehicle
Well T
Blowdown | Well Production"
:
'ardous Air Pollutants
:
35,085.8 36,416.2
0.7 1,654.4
COMPONENT MOLE COMPONENT NET WEIGHT GROSS NET DRY | LOWER | NET LOW
PERCENT MOLE MOLE FRACTION HEATING | HEATING | HEATING | HEATING
WEIGHT WEIGHT VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
(Ib/lb-mole) | (Ib/lb-mole) (BTU/scſ) (BTU/scſ)] (BTU/scſ)] (BTU/scſ)
Methane 91.3030 16.043 14.648 0.815 1010.000. 922. 160 910.000 830.857
Ethane 5.3050 30,070 1.595 0.089 1769.800 93.888| 1618,000 85.835
Relative Mole Weight (|b|b-mole) = [Mole Percent Molecular weight (|b|b-mole) || 100
Assumptions:
Equations:
453.6 g/lb
1 - AP.42 Table 3.2-3 Uncontrolled Emission Factors for 4-Stroke Rich-Burn Engines, 700
2 - Fuel gas is assumed to be free from sulfur compounds
3 - Conversion from lb/MMBtu to g/hp-hr assumes an average heat rate of 8,000 Btuſhp-hr (*3.632)
4 - PM = sum of PM filterable and PM Condensable
5 - Alternative B Total Annual Emissions for New Compression (17,600 hp)
6 - Assumed equivalent control rates for internal combustion engines located at existing Dry Canyon Facility
7. Each individual engine estimated at 1,600 hp (Chapter 2)
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project. WTP Alt B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions
Total Dehydrator Capacity 183 MMscf/day (Estimated based on proposed compression capacity)
81 Active Wells at Peak Production
Gas Composition: Inlet Gas Sample from Dry Canyon Compresor Station, dated 2/18/04
Inlet Gas Conditions: Inlet gas saturated at 600 psi and 108 F
Calculations
Dehydrator emissions were simulated using GRI GlyCalc version 4.0
Controls
Condenser/Combustor > 95% Control Efficiency in order to meet Federal MACT Standards
Condenser Operating Conditions: 120 deg. F, 11.5 psia
Emissions
Each station dehy capacity estimated according to the ratio of new compression proposed at each station
Buys & Associates, Inc. WTP All B - No Action inventory
Frvironmental Consultants
Assumptions
Dehydrator Reboilet Healer
Tank Heater Size
Firing Rate
Equations
500 Mbiu hr (Estimate based on Dry Canyon Facility)
500 Mbtuhr (Estimate based on Dry Canyon Facility)
3,000 Mbtuhr (Proposed Action Estimate, 2-Dehydrator Reboiler Heaters, 4-Tank Heaters)
6,000 Mbiuh (Proposed Action Estimate, 4-Dehydrator Reboiler Heaters, 8-Tank Heaters)
Fuel Consumption (MMscºyſ) = Heater Size (MBluhr) 1,000 (Blu MBtu) Hours of Operation (hrsyt)
Fuel Heat value (Bºuscſ) 1,000,000 (scº/scſ)
|
NOx;COTOC Emissions (tons/yr) = AP 42 E. Factor (bs MMsc!)" Fuel Consumption (MMSctly!)" Fuel heating value (Btuscſ)
2,000 (bston) 1,000 (Bluscſ - Standard Fuel Heating Value)
100
11
G 300 0600
0 066
O
1 314
1 104
l
()12
:
0 00 0.000 0 000
7 0 100
76 0.046 0.100
76 0.046 0.100
120 000
23
360 00
0 007
4.9E
788 40
0 0 15
2
a A.P.42 Table 1.4-1. Ernission factors for Natural Gas Combustion, 798
b Assumes produced gas contains no suffur
1 3E
2.0E
4
0 ott
:
c AP-42 Tabie 1.4-2. Emission Factors to Natural Gas Combustion, 798 (All Particulates are PM10)
d AP 42 Table 14-3. Emission Factors for Organic Compounds from Natural Gas Combustion, 7.98
i
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Alt B - No Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Calculations:
Emissions:
Central Facility 1
Central Compression | Central Dehydrator Central Heater | Central Condensate | Total Facility
Pollutant Emissions Emissions Emissions Tank Emissions Emissions
6,400 hp 67MMscid
(tons/year). (tons/year) _(tons/year) (tons/year) (tons/year)
Criteria Pollutants & VOC
NO, 92.7 0.7 93.4
CO 123.6 0.6 124.2
VOC 61.8 8.5 0.0 21.5 91.8
SO2 0.0 0.0 0.0
Central Facility 2
Central Compression Central Dehydrator Central Heater Central Condensate Total Facility
Pollutant Emissions Emissions Emissions Tank Emissions Emissions
11,200 hp 117NAMscſo
Assumptions:
Emissions (TSP lbs/hr) = 5.7 ° (soil silt content %)^1.2 * (soil moisture content %)^-1.3’ Control Efficiency
Emissions (PM15 lbs/hr) = 1.0 . (soil silt content 9%)^1.5 ' (soil moisture content 9%)^-1.4 Control Efficiency
Note: The majority of new pipeline will be installed adjacent to proposed access roads
and will not result significant additional surface disturbance.
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Proposed Action Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Emissions (TSP lbs/hr) = 5.7 (soil silt content %)^1.2 . (soil moisture content 9%)^-13 Control Efficiency
Emissions (PM15 lbs/hr) = 1.0 . (soil silt content %)^1.5 ' (soil moisture content %)^-1.4 Control Efficiency
Note: The majority of new pipeline will be installed adjacent to proposed access roads
and will not result significant additional surface disturbance.
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project; wip alernative E inventory
Calculation AP 42, Chapter 13.2.2 E (Pºio), what -15° (sºzyo 9 (wayo.45 (365 pºss5)
December 2003 E (PM2.5), what -0.23 - (Sitz)^0.9 - twº-o-15
St Content ts) 7. Mean value Table 13.2-2-1 or Gravel Surfaces
Round Trip Miles 74
Ranch, ut 1963-1986)
Trac Estimates are based upon an approximately 14 days construction, 13 days dºing at downhole ocations shallow wells, 26 days dºg adverton we's sº"."
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Alternative E Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions
Threshold Friction Velocity U," 1.02 m/s (2.28 mph) for well pads (AP-42 Table 13 2.5-2. Overburden - Western Surface Coal Mine
1.33 m/s (2.97 mph) for roads (AP-42 Table 13.25-2 Roadbed material)
Initial Disturbance Area 1751.0 acres total Initial disturbance for roads/pipelines (Chapter 2)
7,086,034 square meters total initial disturbance for roads/pipelines
1,579 acres total initial disturbance for well pads and other facilities (Chapter 2)
6,389,976 square meters total initial disturbance for well pads and other facilities
Fastest Mile Wind Speed Ulo' 20.1 meters/sec (45 mph) reported as fastest 2-minute wind speed for Grand Junction (2002)
Number soil of disturbances 2 for well pads and facilities (Assumption, disturbance at construction and reclamation)
Constant for dirt roads
Equations
Erosion Potential P (g/m period) = 58' (U-U,”)** 25°(U-U,”) for U">U.’, P = 0 for U'. U'
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) * 453.6 (g/lb) " Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S/SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (695)
AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (695)
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (Ib/gal) 453.6 (g/lb) " Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S / SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (695)
AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (bºgal) 4536 (g/lb) Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S / SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP.42 Append H Table 7.1.2. H. D. Diesel Powered vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
AP.42 Append H Table 4.1A 2 - H.D. Gasoline vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (695)
Assumptions:
Average Round Trip Distance 168.0 miles (Estimated from project area and existing road system)
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation.
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) 453.6 (g/lb) Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S 1 SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
AP-42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
AP-42 Append. H Table 4.1A 2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6/95)
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (g/hp.hr) Rated Horsepower (hp). Operating Hours (hrs) Load Factor (Dimensionless)
453.6 (g/lb) 2000 (Ibſtons)
Vehicles
20.430
417
0.951
1,379
1.379
0.569
AP-42 Volume II, Mobile Sources. Nonroad Vehicles. Table 11-7.1 Off-highway truck
AP-42 Volume II. Mobile Sources, Nonroad Vehicles, Table 11-7.1 Motor Grader
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (Ib/hp-hr) " Rated Horsepower (hp)' Operating Hours (hrs) " Load Factor (Dimensionless)
2000 (Ibſtons)
: Total particulate emission factor is 0.0007, PM10 fraction determined from Table 3.4-2
Total particulate emission factor is 0.0007, PM2.5 fraction determined from Table 3.4-2
Assumes rate specified by Proponent
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Alternative E Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Equations:
Emissions (tons/year) = Emission Factor (Ib/hp-hr) Rated Horsepower (hp)' Operating Hours (hrs) Load Factor (Dimensionless)
2000 (Ibſtons)
Assumptions
Hours of Operation 2 days (Typical)
Equations
NOx/CO Emissions (Ib/well) = Emission Factor (Ib/MM Btu) Gas Amount (MMsc(ſwell) • Heat Content (Btu/scſ)
Flare Gas wr. (bºwell) = Flare Gas Volume (MMsc(ſwell) 10” (scſ/MMscſ) • Mole Weight (Ib/lb-mole)
379.49 (Scf/mole)
VOC Emissions (Ib/well) = Flare Gas Wt. (Ib/well) • VOC wi. 9% 0.02 (Assumes 98% destruction Efficiency)
otal
Factor Emissions! Emissions | Emissions"
0.068 7.55
0.37 41.08
N.A. 8.12
0.00 0.0 0.00
7.6 38 0.792
PMio “ 7.6 38 0.792
c
7.6 38 0.792
ardous Air Pollutants
0.0021 0.01.05 0.000
oluene 0.0034 0.01 7 0.000
1.8 9 0.188
0.075 0.37 5 0.008
Greenhouse
c
120,000 600,000 12,500
0.14 746. 1 15.54
Emissions Wind
Reclamation Erosion
0.0
0.
0.6
0.0 0.
0.0 0.6 0.
COMPONENT MOLE COMPONENT NET WEIGHT GROSS NET DRY | LOWER | NET LOW
PERCENT MOLE MOLE FRACTION HEATING | HEATING | HEATING | HEATING
WEIGHT WEIGHT VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
(Ib/lb-mole) || (Ib/lb-mole) (BTU/scſ) |(BTU/scſ)] (BTU/scſ) (BTU/scſ)
Methane 90. 1926 16,043 14,470 0.791 1010.000| 910.946, 910,000 820.753
Ethane 5.0663 30,070 1,523 0.083 1769.800 89.664| 1618,000 81.973
Relative Mole Weight (|b|b-mole) = | Mole Percent Molecular weight (|b|b-mole) || 100
Assumptions:
Equations:
- AP-42 Table 3.2-3 Uncontrolled Emission Factors for 4-Stroke Rich-Burn Engines, 700
- Fuel gas is assumed to be free from sulfur compounds
- Conversion from Ib/MMBtu to g/hp-hr assumes an average heat rate of 8,000 Bluſhp-hr (*3.632)
Assumptions
Average Production Rate: 0.384 MMsct/day/well (Average for life of the well, Proposed Action)
Number of Active Wells Requiring Separators: 807 wells at Peak Production
Wells Requiring Dehydrators: 202 (25% of wells, Proposed Action)
Gas Composition: Inlet Gas Sample from Average of Seven Existing Wells
Inlet Gas Conditions: Inlet gas saturated at 200 psi and 70 F (Proponent Estimate)
Calculations
Dehydrator emissions were simulated using GRI GlyCalc version 4.0
Controls
Flare to achieve 95% Control Efficiency controlling tank and dehydrator emissions on wellpad
(Proposed Action)
Emissions
Assumptions
Dehydrator Reboiler Heater Size 750 Mbluſh (Proposed Action)
Separator Healer Size 500 Mbtuſh (Proposed Action)
Tank Heater Size 500 Mbuhr (Proponent)
Wells Requiring Separators 807 wells at Peak Production
Wells Requiring Dehydrators 202 (25% of wells. Proposed Action)
Wells Requiring Tank Heaters 741 per pad (one to two tanks per pad. Proposed Action)
Fuel Gas Heat Value 1066 Bluscſ (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Fuel Gas VOC Content 0.081 by weight (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Equations
Fuel Consumption (MMscf/yr) = Heater Size (MBruhr) 1,000 (Blu MBtu) Hours of Operation (his yr)
Fuel Heat Value (Bluscſ) 1,000,000 (Sct MMSc)
NOx;COTOC Emissions (tors/yr) = AP 42 E. Factor (bs MMscſ) Fuel Consumption (MMscºyſ) • Fuel heating Value (Bluscſ)
2,000 (bston) 1,000 (Bluscſ - Standard Fuel Heating Value)
a AP-42 Table 1.4-1. Emission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion, 798
b Assumes produced gas contains no sulfur
c AP-42 Table 1 4-2. Emission Factors for Natural Gas Combustion, 798 (All Particulates are PM10)
d AP-42 Table 1.4-3. Emission Factors for Organic Compounds from Natural Gas Combustion, 798
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Alternative E Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions:
Average Condensate Production Rate 1 bbls condensate per day (Average for life of the well, Proposed Action))
Number of Active Wells 807 wells at Peak Production
Emissions:
Hazardous
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Alternative E Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions: During Production, a percentage of the wells are periodically blown down to unload fluids
Assumptions:
Equations:
The NOx, CO and VOC emission factors for the above equation are from AP-42, while the SO2 emissions are
calculated on a mass balance basis utilizing the following equation:
SO2 E. Factor (g/mi) = Fuel Density (lb/gal) 4536 (g/lb) Fuel Sulfur Content 2 (S 1 SO2)
Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (miles/gal)
Trucks otal
Vehicles E. Factor * Emissions | E. Factor" | Emissions! Emissions || Emissions
ſhr
Pollutants &
1. 3.77
18 40. - 7.
1. 0. 2.1
0.21 0.11 0 - 0.1
AP-42 Append H Table 41A2 - H.D. Gasoline Vehicles. High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Vehicle Year, 50,000 miles (6,95)
AP-42 Append. H Table 7.1.2 - H.D. Diesel Powered Vehicles, High Altitude, 1991 - 1997 Model Year, 50,000 miles (695)
Calculation AP-42, Chapter 13.2.2 E (PM10). VMT = 15 ' (S.12)^09 (w/3):045 (365 pygé5)
December 2003 E (PM2.5) / VMT = 0.23 (S. 12):09, (w/3):045 (365 py365)
Silt Content (S) 7 Mean value Table 13.2.2-1 for Gravel Surfaces
Average Round Trip Miles 74 miles on unpaved roads
(Average of Pumper,Condensate)
365 days (Estimate) Precipitalion Days (P) 73 days per year (NCDC data for Nutters Ranch, UT 1963-1986)
Vehicle Type Weight Trips per PM10 Total PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5
l
0.0
rardous
337,521 12,4530
6 26
COMPONENT MOLE COMPONENT NET WEIGHT GROSS NET DRY | LOWER | NET LOW
PERCENT MOLE MOLE FRACTION HEATING | HEATING | HEATING | HEATING
WEIGHT WEIGHT VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
(Ib/lb-mole) || (Ib/lb-mole) (BTU/scſ) |(BTU/scſ)] (BTU/scſ) (BTU/scſ)
Methane 91.3030 16,043 14,648 0.815 1010.000. 922, 160 910,000 830.857
Ethane 5.3050 30,070 1.595 0.089 1769.800 93.888| 1618,000 85.835
Relative Mole Weight (Ib/lb-mole) = [Mole Percent • Molecular weight (|b|b-mole)] / 100
Assumptions:
Equations:
Greenhouse Gases
CO2' 110.00 399 52 1.409.24 24,690.5 24,690.5 43,208,3 92.587.2
CH4 ' 0.2 0.83536 2.95 51.6 51.6 90.3 1936
1 - AP-42 Table 32-3 Uncontrolled Emission Factors for 4-Stroke Rich-Burn Engines, 700
- Fuel gas is assumed to be free from sulfur compounds
- Conversion from Ib/MMBtu to g/hp-hr assumes an average heal rale of 8,000 Bluſhp-hr ("3632)
- PM = sum of PM filterable and PM condensable
. - Proposed Action Total Annual Emissions for New Compression (24,000 hp)
- Assumed equivalent control rates for internal combustion engines located at existing Dry Canyon Facility
- Each individual engine estimated at 1,600 hp (Chapter 2)
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project ; WTP Alternative E Inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
Assumptions
Gas Composition: Inlet Gas Sample from Dry Canyon Compresor Station, dated 2/18/04
Inlet Gas Conditions: Inlet gas saturated at 600 psi and 108 F
Calculations
Dehydrator emissions were simulated using GRI GlyCalc version 4.0
Controls
Condenser/Combustor > 95% Control Efficiency in order to meet Federal MACT Standards
Condenser Operating Conditions: 120 deg. F, 11.5 psia
Emissions
Each station throughput estimated according to the ratio of new compression proposed at each station
and based on a peak field production rate of 250MMscíd
Buys & Associates, Inc. wiP Alternative E Inventory
Environmental Consultants 10/26, 2007
Assumptions
Dehydrator Reboiler Heater 500 Mbuſh (Estimate based on Dry Canyon Facility)
Tank Heater Size 500 Mbtuh (Estimate based on Dry Canyon Facity)
Total Heater Requirmement Facility 1 3,000 Mbluſh (Proposed Acton Estimate, 2 Derydrator Reboler Healers, 4 Tank Healers)
Total Heater Requirrnemert Facility 2 3,000 Mbuſh (Proposed Action Estimale, 2 Dehydrator Reboler Healers, 4 Tark Healers)
Total Heater Requitmement Facility 3 6,000 Mbun (Proposed Action Estimate, 4 Denydrator Reboilet Healers, 8 Tank Heaters)
Fuel Gas Heat Value 992 Buscſ (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Fuel Gas VOC Content 0.083 by weight (Gas Analyses from Dry Canyon Facility)
Equations
Fuel Consumption (MMsctlyr) = Heater Size (MBluh): 1,000 (Blu MBtu Hours of Operation this yº)
Fuel Heat value (Btu sct) 1,000,000 (scº MMsc!)
NOx;COTOC Emissions (lons/yr) = AP 42 E. Factor (bs'MMscſ). Fuel Consumption (MMscLyſ) Fuel heating value (Bluscſ)
2,000 (bston) 1,000 (Bluscſ Standard Fuel Healing value)
e
Cº
Gº
Gº
&
e
Gº
Cº.
C
ۼ
Ç
Ç
C.
Ç
6.
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project. WIP Alternative E Invertory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10:26, 2007
Assumptions:
Condensate tank tashing working breathing emissions estimated with E&P Ianks 20
Dry Canyon Compressor Station liquid Sample Dated 221:04
Flare to control stock tank and dehydrator emissions with 95% control efficiency
Emissions:
29. Tota
Central Facility 1
Pollutant
steenhouse
25,481.4
65.9
Central Facility 2
Pollutant
o.5
O.7
4 6
4
9.5
5.1
25,481.4
24.690.5
65.9
51 6
Central Facility 3
44.789.6
115.4
Buys & Associates, Inc. Project: WTP Alternative E inventory
Environmental Consultants Date: 10/26/2007
690 1
1
0.6
PM
PM,
ardous Air
oluene
4.6
1 9.5
October 2007
Prepared for:
Bureau of Land Management
Price Field Office
Price, Utah
Prepared by:
Buys & Associates, Inc.
Littleton, Colorado
(303) 781-8211
www.buysandassociates.com
This page intentionally left blank.
Air Quality Technical Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................….. |
l.l OVERVIEW OF APPROACH ........................................................................................... l
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................... 2
3.0 METEOROLOGICAL MODELING..................................................................................... 4
3.1 MODEL DOMAIN............................................................................................................. 4
3.2 METEOROLOGICAL, TERRAIN. AND LAND USE DATA.......................................... 7
3.2.1 Mesoscale Meteorological Data............................................................................. 7
3.2.2 Terrain and Land Use Data ....................................................................................7
3.2.3 Upper Air Meteorological Data.............................................................................. 8
3.24 Surface Meteorological Data................................................................................ | 1
3.2.5 Surface Precipitation Data.................................................................................... | |
3.3 CALMET METEOROLOGICAL MODELING............................................................... | |
4.0 CALPUFF DISPERSION MODELING .............................................................................. 19
4.1 MODEL RECEPTORS..................................................................................................... 19
4.2 OTHER CALPUFF CONSIDERATIONS........................................................................ 23
5.0 PROCESSING OF CALPUFF MODEL RESULTS............................................................ 24
5.1 APPEND, CALSUM AND POSTUTIL PROGRAMS.................................................... 24
5.2 CALPOST PROCESSING................................................................................................24
5.2.1 Visibility Calculations.......................................................................................... 24
5.2.2 Calculating Changes in Lake Acid Neutralizing Capacity................................... 25
5.2.3 Terrestrial Deposition Calculations...................................................................... 26
5.2.4 Ambient Air Quality Standard and PSD Increment Comparison......................... 26
6.0 ANALYSIS RESULTS ........................................................................................................27
7.0 REFERENCES
Air Quality Technical Report
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Technical Support Document (TSD) describes the process used to develop the Far-Field Air
Quality Impact Analysis for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Price Field Office, Draft
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for West Tavaputs Plateau Area (WTP). The WTP
Project Area is located approximately 30 miles east-northeast of Price, Utah and covers
approximately 137,700 acres in an existing oil and gas producing region located in Duchesne and
Carbon Counties, Utah. Surface ownership in the project area is approximately 87% federal
(managed by the Bureau of Land Management [BLM), 8% State of Utah (managed by State of
Utah School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration (SITLA]), and 5% private.
This document provides a detailed description of the procedures applied for the EIS analysis to
quantify potential ambient air quality and air quality related values (AQRV) impacts that may
result from the implementation of the WTP Project alone and in conjunction with other
cumulative sources of air pollutant emissions.
This Far-Field air quality assessment report is one of three documents that support the air quality
analysis presented in the EIS. The other supporting documents are:
• Emissions Inventory for the West Tavaputs Plateau Oil & Gas Development Project
(Buys and Associates 2007a)
• Near-Field Air Quality Technical Support Document for the West Tavaputs Plateau Oil
& Gas Development Project (Buys and Associates 2007b)
The WTP Far-Field TSD was performed in accordance with a written protocol defining
methodologies designed to quantify potential air quality impacts from the proposed WTP Project
and surrounding development. This protocol was prepared by Buys and Associates with
refinements resulting from review and input from the Bureau of Land Management, Utah
Department of Environmental Quality, U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) Region VIII, and Project proponents. This procedure ensured that the
air quality assessment methodology was technically acceptable to all parties providing input.
Potential ambient air quality impacts that could result upon implementation of the WTP Project
were assessed at two different distance scales. The Far-Field analysis is focused on project
related and cumulative impacts upon areas of special concern (i.e., Federally designated Class I
areas and sensitive Class ll areas). The Near-Field analysis is focused on potential impacts for all
areas within and relatively near the WTP Project area.
To assess potential far-field impacts, the CALPUFF set of models were applied. The CALPUFF
set of models (CALMET, CALPUFF, CALPOST, and associated utilities) were designed
Specifically to assess ambient air quality impacts at significant distances from the source and
therefore long pollutant travel times. For this analysis, the following versions of the models were
applied: CALMET Version 5.53a. Level 040716; CALPUFF Version 5.754, Level 060202; and
CALPOST Version 5.6393, Level 060202.
The CALPUFF set of models were applied for meteorological calendar years 2001, 2002 and
2003 and included cumulative impacts from the Project sources, permitted and tribal sources, oil
and gas well sources, sources associated with reasonably foreseeable development, and sources
Air Quality Technical Report
associated with reasonably foreseeable future actions. The predicted pollutant concentrations
were compared to the National Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and (for informational purposes
only) to the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) Class I and Il increments. In addition,
the predicted concentration and deposition results were processed to evaluate potential visibility
and acid deposition impacts for comparison with the Federal Land Manager (FLM) Limits of
Acceptable Change (LAC). The results of the CALPUFF analysis for the Proposed Action and
Alternatives are provided in Section 6.
The WTP Project Area currently contains 71 active producing wells, with accompanying
production related facilities, roads, and pipelines. An additional 30 wells approved under the
WTP Drilling Program EA (UT-070-2004-28) are proposed for development. Total gas
compression and treatment capacity is currently 16,000 horsepower (hp) within the WTP at the
existing Dry Canyon facility.
The proposed wells would be drilled to all potentially productive formations in the WTP Project
Area: the Wasatch, North Horn, Mesa Verde, Dakota, Cedar Mountain, Navajo, and Wingate
Formations, and other formations found to be productive. The majority of the wells would be
spaced at one well per 80 acres or less. However, geologic characteristics that are currently
poorly defined and which would be better defined through future drilling, would dictate the well
density necessary to effectively drain the natural gas within the WTP Project Area.
Each of the geologic formations in the WTP Project Area has a unique permeability, which
requires variable well spacing techniques for effective drainage of the gas reservoirs. Some of the
economically productive geologic formations would be effectively drained by downhole well
densities of one well per 160 acres, most by well densities of one well per 80 acres, and others
would likely require well densities of up to one well per 40 acres (Wasatch and Mesa Verde
formations). In general, deeper formations require lesser downhole well density. The number of
wells per well pad would therefore, vary dramatically, depending on the required downhole well
density as well as topographic considerations. Formations that can be produced by a single well
per 80 acres, that are accessible, and that have a single production formation, could be developed
by well pads with single well bores. Formations that require downhole well densities of one well
per 40 acres, that are adjacent to topographically inaccessible lands, and that have multiple
productive horizons could be developed using well pads with up to as many as eight wells per
pad.
Bill Barrett Corporation (BBC) proposes the following primary components for development
under the Proposed Action:
• Up to 809 natural gas wells from up to 539 pads over an 8 year development period, 28
year life of project (LOP);
• Up to 9 drilling rigs operating year round;
• Up to 3,250 acres short-term surface disturbance (wells, access roads, pipelines,
compressor stations); and
• Approximately 24,000 compression horsepower would be added to the existing system.
for a total of 40,000 horsepower within the WTP Project Area.
Air Quality Technical Report
In addition to the Proposed Action, the following four alternatives are considered in the NEPA
analysis:
Alternative B – No Action (71 wells from 54 pads, 33,600 hp compression, 3 rigs year
round for 1.2 years. 22 year LOP)
After construction of well pads and roads, drilling and completion of a well, and interconnection
to the gathering pipelines, each well pad would consist of a wellhead, a three-phase separator (to
separate gas, produced water, and hydrocarbon condensate), and a condensate tank.
Approximately 25% of wells would require individual dehydrators and gas powered pump jacks.
The gas would be moved to central production facilities (CPF) that would include multiple
compressor engines, a central separator, and central glycol dehydration units. After processing,
the gas would then be transported to a sales pipeline for further distribution.
Emissions to the atmosphere from the proposed project would consist of the criteria pollutants
nitrogen oxides (NO.), carbon monoxide (CO), particulates (PM10 and PM2.5), sulfur dioxide
(SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and various hazardous air pollutants (HAP). These
pollutants would be emitted from the following activities and sources:
• Well pad and road construction: equipment producing fugitive dust while moving and
leveling earth;
• Drilling: vehicles generating fugitive dust on access roads, and drill rig engine exhaust;
• Completion: vehicles generating fugitive dust on access roads, frac pump engine and
generator emissions, and completion flaring emissions:
• Vehicle tailpipe emissions associated with all development phases;
• Well production operations: three-phase separator emissions, flashing and breathing
emissions from a condensate tank, and pump jack engine emissions; and
• Central production facility: compressor engines and central glycol dehydration unit
emissions.
Derivation of the emission rates applied for this analysis is detailed separately in the emissions
inventory report (Buys and Associates 2007a).
Air Quality Technical Report
The initial step in the Far-Field analysis is determining the extent of the study area domain and
performing the meteorological modeling. For this study, the study area domain was developed
through a review of the locations of the proposed project sources and areas of interest for the
impact analysis. A proposed study domain was then presented in the assessment protocol and
subsequently refined through the incorporation of comments from the project stakeholders.
The Far-Field analysis domain is presented in Figure 3-1. The meteorological and computational
grid size is 516 km x 496 km (129 x 124 cells, 4 km spacing). The sampling grid size is a subset
of these grids (4.12 km x 400 km) and includes sixteen areas of special concern (i.e., national
parks, wilderness areas, national monuments, national wildlife refuges, and a national recreation
area). The analysis domain was developed on a Lambert Conformal Conic projection (LCC),
with a first and second standard latitude parallels at 30 degrees and 60 degrees. The reference
latitude and longitude were chosen arbitrarily and defined the origin of the Lambert conformal
projection coordinates (0, 0). The southwest corner of the domain (37.0174 N, 11 1.9768 W) was
chosen as the reference point with the intention that all values within the modeling domain had a
positive X and Y value.
Air Quality Technical Report
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wyoming
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West Tavaputs EIS Project Area and Modeling Domain 0 30 60 120 **ometer
[...] Meteorological/Computational Domain NPS Class : Areas N
|
|
º
Air Quality Technical Report
CALMET includes a diagnostic wind model which combines surface and upper-air
meteorological data with diagnostic effects of terrain and other factors to generate three
dimensional wind fields. CALMET also includes other interpolation algorithms to generate
three-dimensional temperature, pressure, stability, and other meteorological variables and two
dimensional precipitation fields. The CALMET modeling (and subsequent CALPUFF modeling)
was performed on a 4-km grid (129 grid cells east-west and 124 grid cells north-south). As there
are only a limited number of meteorological stations available in the nearly 60,000 square mile
analysis domain, and since there is considerable complex terrain in the area, the CALMET
diagnostic model was provided with three years of course grid (36-km) resolution MM5
simulation. As an input to CALMET, the MM5 prognostic meteorological results were used to
provide initial mesoscale flow features. The CALMET diagnostic algorithms and local
observations were then applied to refine and further characterize local wind variations at a 4-km
resolution.
In addition to the mesoscale flow feature input, CALMET requires terrain and land use data in
addition to upper air data and local, sub-mesoscale surface meteorology and precipitation data.
Each of these data sets are discussed in the following sub-sections.
The Fifth Generation Mesoscale Model (MM5), developed and maintained by the Pennsylvania
State University and National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU/NCAR), was used to
supply hourly meteorological fields for input to CALMET. Three years (2001, 2002 and 2003) of
MM5 data was obtained from Alpine Geophysics (2006). CALMET uses the MM5 (36-km
resolution) data as an “initial guess” field for the fine grid (4-km resolution) wind field
simulations using a diagnostic wind field module. The methodology used by CALMET accounts
for local terrain effects on the wind field. For example, CALMET includes the local up and
down-valley diurnal flow that is missed by most meteorological observations and coarse grid
simulations. The MM5 simulation for calendar year 2002 was prepared using two modeling
domains, a mother domain and a nested domain. The mother domain covered the continental
U.S. and used a grid spacing of 36 km. The nested domain covered western U.S. Class I areas
and used a grid spacing of 12 km. Therefore, the MM5 grid spacing for the 2002 modeling
simulation was 12-km within the WTP Project domain. However, the grid spacing for the 2001
and 2003 continental-scale MM5 simulations was 36-km within the WTP Project domain.
In order to refine the local wind fields, CALMET requires land use and terrain data. Land use
and terrain data as developed by United States Geological Survey (USGS) are available for
download for various 1-degree quadrangles (1:250,000 scale).
The terrain data were derived from 3-arc second (approximately 90-meter spacing) digital
elevation model (DEM) produced by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Figure 3-2
presents the terrain for the model domain.
The land use data were derived from USGS Composite Theme Grid (CTG) data that are provided
with a resolution of 200 meters. Missing data within the USGS land use data files were filled
using the global data set, with a resolution of 900 meters. The USGS land use data contains 38
different use categories, while the CALMET model is capable of utilizing only 14 use categories.
Air Quality Technical Report
Therefore, a cross-reference was applied to the USGS land use categories to format the data for
use in CALMET, Land use categories were defined according the default parameters in
CALMET pre-processing utilities. The USGS 200-meter grid data were overlain on the
CALMET 4-km by 4-km grid, and the predominate land use type was selected to represent land
use for the 4 km cell. Figure 3-3 presents the terrain along with the USGS land use categories for
the modeling domain.
The bias for each layer was set to represent the relative weight given to the vertically extrapolated
surface observations versus the upper air sounding data in the computation of the initial guess
field. The bias parameter corresponds to the cell layer below the cell face height. The -l
indicates no influence of upper air stations, while +1 indicates no influence of surface
observations. The bias settings and vertical grid structure for the WTP analysis are shown in
Table 3-1.
2 20 -l
3 40 -0.8
4 80 -0.4
5 160 -0.2
6 320 0
7 640 0
8 1,000 0
9 1,500 0
10 2,000 0.2
11 2,500 0.4
12 3,000 0.8
13 3,500 l
Wind speed and wind direction data from observation stations were only allowed to influence the
Step 1 wind field at a distance determined by setting the radius-of-influence parameter. The
maximum radius of influence for surface (RMAX1) and upper air stations (RMAX2) was set to
50 km and 200 km, respectively. The distance from an observation station at which the
observations and Step 1 wind field were equally weighted was set to 4 km for the surface layer
(R1) and 10 km for layers aloft (R2). Radius of influence for terrain features (TERRAD) was set
to 12 km.
CALMET provides two options for upper air data, in one option, upper air flow is derived only
from the MM5 simulation. In the second option, upper air flow is derived from a combination of
the MM5 simulation and available local upper air meteorological data. This second option was
applied for the WTP study. Three upper air stations operated by the National Weather Service in
or surrounding the WTP study domain were utilized in the analysis: Riverton, WY; Salt Lake
City, UT; and Grand Junction, Colorado.
Air Quality Technical Report
*-gº º ~
Air Quality Technical Report
:
wº
− i:
10
Air Quality Technical Report
The National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) provides Integrated Surface Hourly (ISH)
observational data for the United States. Three years (2001-2003) of data were obtained for use
in CALMET. The ISH database consists of quality controlled surface observations collected
from three input sources: TD3280 (NCDC and Navy Hourly Observations), TD3240 (NCDC
hourly precipitation, and AFCCC DATSAV3 (hourly observations). The ISH database is
composed of worldwide surface weather observations from about 20,000 stations, collected and
stored from sources such as the Automated Weather Network (AWN), the Global
Telecommunications System (GTS), the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS), and data
keyed from paper forms.
In total, the WTP surface meteorological data set included 28 surface meteorological data stations
from CO, UT, and WY as shown in Figure 3-4 and listed in Table 3–2.
Data for 46 (2001), 43 (2002), and 49 (2003) precipitation stations within the WTP study domain
were utilized. The precipitation data were acquired from TD3240 NCDC hourly precipitation
only database. The data were pre-processed and examined for conformance with the format
required by the CALMET precipitation processors. Stations within the domain with less than
6,000 annual hours of completeness were omitted. The precipitation stations included in the
analysis are presented in Figure 3-5 and listed in Table 3-3.
To develop the final wind field, stability class, precipitation, and other data needed by CALPUFF,
the MM5, upper air, terrain, land use, surface meteorology, and precipitation data are all input
into the CALMET model. When running the CALMET model, the user must select among a
number of options through the CALMET input control file. The options within CALMET were
set in accordance with the Interagency Workgroup on Air Quality Modeling (IWAQM)
guidelines. Separate CALMET runs were conducted on a bi-monthly basis for years 2001, 2002,
and 2003. An example of the CALMET control file used for the January 1"-15" 2001 WTP
simulation is presented in Appendix A.
As a quality assurance check of the input data and CALMET model results, wind fields on
Selected days were analyzed and visually compared to terrain features. The results of this
analysis, an example of which is shown in Figure 3-6, and Figure 3-7 indicate that the CALMET
results accurately represent the expected surface and upper air wind fields based upon the given
mesoscale meteorological features and local scale land use and terrain features. The CALMET
model was applied bi-monthly for 2001-2003 meteorological data and the results subsequently
used as the meteorological input for the CALPUFF model.
|1
Air Quality Technical Report
Alamosa/San Luis Valley | CO | 724620 ALS 37.43 -105.87 10532 104.24 10923
Aspen/Sardy Field CO | 724676 ASE 39.22 || -106.87 9953 9442 98.33
Colorado Springs Muni CO | 724660 COS 38.82 -104.72 10432 999] 10457
Eagle Co. Regional CO | 724675 EGE 39.65 || -106.92 85.15 17687 24760
Fort Collins (AWOS) CO | 724769 FNL 40.45 -105.02 8587 21291 25271
Grand Junction Walker CO | 724760 GJT 39.13 -108.53 10932 10619 10643
Gunnison Co. (AWOS) CO | 72.4677 || GUC 38.53 -106.93 8568 20328 243.79
Montrose Co. Arpt. CO | 724675 MTJ 38.50 || -107.90 | 84.66 8658 8731
Salt Lake City Int UT | 725720 | SLC | 40.78 -111.97 || 1 1483 10797 || 10171
Laramie General Brees | WY | 725645 | LAR || 41.32 || -105.68 || 93.19 9267 9502
Rock Springs Apt WY | 725744 RKS 41.60 -109.07 || 12159 9153 9646
12
Air Quality Technical Report
13
Air Quality Technical Report
14
Air Quality Technical Report
s16Q24769
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IHTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000
16
Air Quality Technical Report
Figure 3-6. Wind Field for February 1, 2001, Hour 17, Level 1
-- - -
--~~~~~~~
Iz
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17
Air Quality Technical Report
Figure 3-7. Wind Field for February 1, 2001, Hour 17, Level 8
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18
Air Quality Technical Report
D The CALPUFF model utilizes the CALMET meteorological output in addition to emission source
D data and an extensive set of control parameters to calculate ambient concentrations of pollutants
at each model receptor. An example CALPUFF input file (for WTP Proposed Action Sources,
D January 2001) is presented in Appendix B. The CALPUFF input parameters utilized for the
D WTP analysis follow the IWAQM guidelines.
D 4.1 MODEL RECEPTORS
D
) One of the primary inputs to the CALPUFF model is the receptor locations. For the WTP
analysis, the standard set of receptors for each Class I and sensitive Class II area were applied.
) Individual receptors were utilized in the model to represent seven high elevation lakes identified
) for acid deposition analysis. The areas of special concern were as follows:
)
|Table 4-1. Class I and Sensitive Class II Areas
)
Sensitive Area Federal Land Manager PSD Designation
) Arches NP NPS
Black Canyon of the Gunnison WA FS I
Canyonlands NP NPS I |
Capitol Reef NP NPS |
Flat Tops WA FS I
La Garita WA FS I
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA FS I
Weminuche WA FS l
West Elk WA FS I |
Brown Park NWR FWS ll |
| Colorado NM NPS Il |
| Dinosaur NM NPS II l
| Flaming Gorge NRA NPS II |
| High Uintas WA FS II T]
| Ouray NWR FWS II T]
| Ragged WA FS II |
NPS – National Park Service
FS – US Forest Service
FWS – US Fish and Wildlife Service
The receptor grids for the areas of special concern are presented in Figure 4–1.
19
Air Quality Technical Report
20
Air Quality Technical Report
º-º-º-º-º-º-º:
-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º:
L º -
-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º- ºr -º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º:
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50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000 350000 400000 450000
21
Air Quality Technical Report
22
Air Quality Technical Report
SO, (computed)
NO, (emitted)
HNO3 (computed)
NO3 (computed)
PMC (emitted)
PM2 s (emitted)
In order to bracket impacts, the CALPUFF model was applied individually for four emission
source groups. The four sets of CALPUFF runs were as follows:
The output files from each of the above listed model runs were subsequently post-processed to
obtain the necessary results. Additionally, cumulative impacts were summed with each of the
three project alternatives to derive total impacts under each scenario.
23
Air Quality Technical Report
In order to obtain data useful for comparing to standards and levels of acceptable change (LACs),
the CALPUFF model output files must be processed with the CALPOST model and associated
utilities. Two utility programs were applied in order to prepare the CALPUFF results for use in
CALPOST: APPEND and POSTUTIL.
The APPEND utility was applied to combine the individual monthly data periods into a single
annual run. For each source group, the append utility was applied individually for pollutant
concentration, dry deposition flux, and wet deposition flux data.
The POSTUTIL utility was applied for three functions: 1) to sum the wet and dry deposition
fluxes and in turn calculate the total nitrogen (N) and total sulfur (S) deposition rates, and 2) to
repartition nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrate (NO3) concentration to determine the potential ammonia
(NH3) limiting effects on the development of nitrate; and 3) to sum results obtained from different
CALPUFF runs for different source groups. POSTUTIL computes the total sulfate
concentrations from all sources and estimates available ammonia for nitrate formation after the
preferential scavenging of ammonia by sulfate. This allows non-linearity associated with
ammonia limiting effects to be included in the predicted impacts. An assumed background
ammonia concentration of 1 ppb was utilized for the repartition calculations.
Following the preparation of the CALPUFF files with the APPEND, CALSUM and POSTUTIL
utilities, the CALPOST program was applied to determine the predicted pollutant concentrations,
deposition fluxes and visibility impacts for each area of special concern.
The visibility assessment methodology utilized for this analysis utilized the BLM suggested
method for performing visibility impact assessments (S. Archer, personal communication, July
19", 2006). This method involved a first level screening analysis for visibility following the
recommendations in the FLAG (2000) Guideline document. Specifically, this analysis compared
daily modeled primary (PMC and PM, s) and secondary (sulfate and nitrate) particulate matter
concentrations to seasonal “natural” background conditions and monthly relative humidity
(f(RH) values. From this comparison, a potential change in deciview was calculated. FLAG
identified a 0.5 dv (5 percent change in extinction) threshold as the “Limit of Acceptable Change”
(LAC) for a single source impact, and a 1.0 deciview (10 percent change in extinction) threshold
for the cumulative impacts of several sources.
Visibility impacts were evaluated at both mandatory Federal Class I areas and at specific Class II
areas of concern as listed in Table 4-1. The Class II areas included in this analysis were included
at the request of some of the members of the stakeholder group (National Park Service, US Forest
Service, etc.). These Class II areas have no visibility protection under local, State, or Federal
laws. These areas are included in the analysis strictly to meet the disclosure requirements under
NEPA and to provide decision-makers with sufficient information.
24
Air Quality Technical Report
If the seasonal screening analysis indicated that predicted changes in visibility exceeded the 1.0
deciview LAC on more than one day per year, a daily refined analysis was conducted based on
hourly IMPROVE optical monitoring data measured at Canyonlands National Park for 1987
through 2004 (S. Archer, personal communication, July 19", 2006).
5.2.2 Calculating Changes in Lake Acid Neutralizing Capacity
The deposition of sulfate and nitrate species from air pollution sources may cause changes in
water body chemistry and can impact the acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) of high elevation
lakes. Potential ANC impacts were calculated manually by applying the screening methodology
prescribed by the US Forest Service (USDA-FS, January 2000a). Total annual nitrogen (N) and
sulfur (S) deposition fluxes as averaged by CALPOST were input to the following equations to
calculate the potential change in ANC.
As indicated in the above equations, baseline alkalinity levels for the high elevation lakes of
concern are required for the ANC impact calculations. Baseline ANC data were obtained from
USFS (J. Sorkin, personal communication, January 11, 2006). The basis for the background
ANC data is the 10th percentile of measurements observed at the lake outlet. Table 5-1
summarizes the baseline ANC data for the lakes of interest.
Terrestrial deposition impacts were predicted for dry and wet nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S)
chemical species using the CALPUFF multiple-resistance routine for predicting dry deposition
and the empirical scavenging coefficient approach for predicting wet deposition. Dry and wet
deposition fluxes of gaseous and particulate N and S species were processed through POSTUTIL
and CALPOST to obtain total (wet + dry) N and S deposition reported as the rate of material
deposited on an area (micrograms per cubic meter per second or ug mº'sec'). These values were
compared to the USDA-Forest Service (Fox et al 1989) threshold values of 3 kilograms per
hectare per year (kg/ha/yr) for total sulfur and 5 kg/ha/yr for total nitrogen.
Predicted maximum pollutant concentrations that could occur as a result of the implementation of
each Alternative and Cumulative sources are compared with the National ambient air quality
standards and PSD Class I and Class II increments.
26
Air Quality Technical Report
Results of the Far-Field analysis are summarized in the following tables. Impacts for each of the
following emission source groups are presented.
For the above listed emission source groups, impacts to air quality and air quality related values
were predicted for each of 16 areas of special concern and seven high elevation lakes. Since there
were no predictions of more than one day with visibility decreases at Class I areas under the
Proposed Action or alternatives, refined visibility analysis was not conducted for the Proposed
Action and alternatives. Detailed discussions concerning the predicted impacts are presented in
the West Tavaputs Plateau Oil & Gas Development Draft EIS (BLM 2007).
27
Air Quality Technical Report
Black Canyon
Gunnison WAof(1)
the () () (). I | º () ().24 o º (). 10
Ouray NWR (II) 359 349 15.8] 363 362 19. l I 36 | 354 21.06
Ouray NWR (II) 359 35() 17.53 363 362 21.46 36 | 355 21.79
Ragged WA (II) 2| 3 1.45 3| 7 1.86 24 4 | 2|
Dinosaur NM (II) 233 157 7.46 193 [45 12.22 186 124 9.46
Brown º NWR 89 41 2.88 95 50 4.44 64 35 3.30
Ouray NWR (II) 359 349 || 15.86 || 363 362 | 19.70 || 36|| 355 || 21.20
Ragged WA (II) 18 2 1.45 28 7 1.84 24 4 1.21
Dinosaur NM (11) 229 169 7.96 202 152 12.81 192 13| 10.05
Brown º NWR 10] 46 3.05 98 59 4.73 70 38 3.46
Ouray NWR (II) 359 350 16.89 363 362 20.82 36 | 355 21.43
Ragged WA (11) 19 3 1.45 30 7 I.86 24 4 1.21
30
Report
Technical
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18
Air Quality Technical Report
Table 6-12. WTP Alternative A (Proposed Action) Nitrogen and Sulfur Deposition
2001 2002 2003
Area of Special Concern N Dep S Dep N Dep S Dep N Dep S Dep
... • (kg/ha/yr) (kg/ha/yr) (kg/ha/yr) (kg/ha/yr) (kg/ha/yr) (kg/ha/yr)
Arches NP (1) 1.32E-03 | 1.54E-05 || 1.62E-03 || 2.05E-05 1.49E-03 1.84E-05
Canyonlands NP (1) 9.73E-04 || 1,04E-05 || 7.61 E-04 1.02E-05 1.01 E-03 1.29E-05
Flat Tops WA (1) 8.1 ! E-04 || 1,02E-05 || 6.73F-04 || 9.62E-06 1.16E-03 1.34E-05
West Elk WA (I) 5.28E-04 || 6.29E-06 || 3.87E-04 || 5.30E-06 5.2.1 F-04 || 6.15E-06
Dinosaur NM (II) 8.82E-03 | 1.01 E-04 || 5.05E-03 || 6.3 | E-05 5.68E-03 || 6,62E-05
Brown Park NWR (11) 4.53E-03 || 5,48E-05 || 2.67E-03 || 3.37E-05 2.83E-03 || 3.50E-05
Flaming Gorge NRA (II) || 3.12E-03 || 3.81E-05 || 2.18E-03 ſ 2.89E-05 2.21 E-03 || 2.84E-05
Table 6-13. wrp Alternative B (No Action) Nitrogen and sulfur Deposition
2001 2002 2003
Area of Special Concern N Dep S Dep N Dep S Dep N Dep S Dep
- - - - (kg/ha/yr) (kg/ha/yr) l (kg/ha/yr) || (kg/ha/yr) (kg/ha/yr) || (kg/ha/yr)
Arches NP (1) 5.04E-04 || 5.51 E-06 || 6.22E-04 || 7.34E-06 || 5.62E-04 || 6.60E-06
Black º "| 2.54E-04 || 274E-06 || 2 ||E-04 || 2.43E-06 || 256E-04 || 273E-06
Canyonlands NP (I) 3.71 E-04 || 3.73E-06 || 2.91 E-04 || 3.66E-06 || 3.82E-04 || 4.62E-06
Capitol Reef NP (1) 1.35E-04 || 1.37E-06 || 6.33E-05 || 9.25E-07 || 9.55E-05 || 1.24E-06
Flat Tops WA (I) 3.05E-04 || 3.66E-06 || 2.5 | E-04 || 3.44E-06 || 4.32E-04 || 4.80E-06
La Garita WA (1) 9.65E-05 || 1.07E-06 || 7.97E-05 || 1.07F-06 || 9,50E-05 | 1.16E-06
Maroon º "" | 2.13E-04 || 2.45E-06 | 1.66E-04 || 2.16E-06 | 2.47E04 2.68E-06
Weminuche WA (I) 9.01 E-05 | 1.06E-06 || 7.73E-05 || 1.06E-06 || 9.08E-05 || || 06E-06
West Elk WA (1) 2.00E-04 || 2.25E-06 | 1.48E-04 || 1.89E-06 || 1.98E-04 || 2.20E-06
Dinosaur NM (II) 3.33E-03 || 3.62E-05 || || 9 | E-03 || 2.26E-05 || 2.15E-03 || 2.37E-05
Brown Park NWR (11) | 7 | E-03 || 1.96E-05 || || 02E-03 | 1.20E-05 | 1.07 E-03 || || 25E-05
Colorado NM (II) 6.5 | E-04 || 7.03E-06 || 5.05E-04 || 6.43E-06 || 6.04E-04 || 7.3 | E-06
Flaming Gorge NRA (H) 1.17E-03 || 1.37E-05 || 8.20E-04 || 1.04 E-05 || 8.45E-04 || 1.02E-05
Ouray NWR (II) 6.67E-03 || 6.91 E-05 || 4.95 E-03 || 5.60E-05 || 4.73E-03 || 5 || OE-05
Ragged WA (II) 1.92E-04 || 2.25E-06 || | .45E-04 || 1.94 E-06 | 1.99E-04 || 2.24E-06
35
Air Quality Technical Report
Brown Park NWR (II) 4. 12E-03 || 4, 18E-05 || 2.43E-03 || 2.57E-05 || 2.57E-03 || 2.67E-05
Flaming Gorge NRA (II) 2.84E-03 || 2.91 E-05 || 1.99E-03 || 2.21 E-05 || 2.01 E-03 || 2.17E-05
36
Air Quality Technical Report
| High Uintas WA (II) 1. 14E-02 | 1.6l E-02 || 1.20B-02 || 1.68E-02 || 1.31 E-02 || 1.78E-02
37
Air Quality Technical Report
ANC(o) (eq) 2207.38 266.94 458 5.82 | 125439.4 || 883.39.7 || 108988.6 | 84960.29
2001
Hs (eq’/mº/yr) 6.05E-08 || 6.05E-08 || 4.75E-08 || 4.76 E-08 || 1.6l E-08 || 3.66E-08 || 3.20E-08
Hdep (eq) ().47 1805 || 0.172042 || 5.645474 || 9.259446 || 3.71491 || 12.31097 || 3.354905
-- l ().008121
Percent ANC change 0.02 Heqſl 0.01 ().0] ().00 ().0] 0.00
2002
Hdep (eq) 0.377993 || 0 |3796 || || 5.623859 || 8.525.535 | 3.460772 9.248.583 || 2.506 196
Percent ANC change ' || 0.02 º 0.01 ().() I ().00 ool ().00
38
Air Quality Technical Report
2003
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 1.21 E-05 || 1.2|E-05 || 9,35E-06 || 8.96E-06 || 2.53E-06 || 5.83E-06 || 4.97E-06
Hüep (eq) (). 1773 || 7 || 0.064658 || 2,073 196 || 3,405637 | 1.4 17062 || 4.64 1536 | 1.264726
Hdep (eq) (). 140972 0.05 145 | | | .992068 3.014362 | 1.300519 || 3.5083 18 (). 953067
Percent ANC change ' || 0.01 º ().00 ().00 0.00 ().00 ().00
2003
Hs (eq’miyr) 2.70E-08 || 2.71 E-()8 || 2.09E-08 || 2.0] E-08 || 5.67E-09 || || 3 | E-08 || | | | | E-08
39
Air Quality Technical Report
ANC(o) (eq) 2207.38 266.94 458 15.82 | 125439.4 || 88.339.7 || 108988.6 | 84960.29
2001
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 7.38E-06 || 7.38E-06 || 5.80E-06 || 5.82E-06 | 1.96E-06 || 4.47E-06 || 3.90E-06
Dn (kg/ha/yr) 7.00E-04 || 6.99E-04 || 6.09E-04 || 6.09E-04 || 1.87E-04 || 4.31 E-04 || 3.78E-04
Hs (eq’/mº/yr) 4.6 IE-08 || 4.61E-08 || 3.62E-08 || 3.63E-08 || 1.23E-08 || 2.79E-08 || 2.44E-08
Hn (eq’/mº/yr) 5.00E-06 || 5.00E-06 || 4.35E-06 || 4.35E-06 || 1.33E-06 || 3.08E-06 || 2.70E-06
2002
Hs (eq’/mº/yr) 4.21 E-08 || 4.21 E-08 || 3.47E-08 || 3.28E-08 || 1.32E-08 || 2.37E-08 || 2.02E-08
Hn (eq’/mº/yr) 3.99E-06 || 4.00E-06 || 4.33E-06 || 4.00E-06 || |.24E-06 || 2.31 E-06 || 2.01 E-06
Hdep (eq) 0.342974 || 0.125 176 || 5.10841 1 || 7.742675 || 3.139|86 || 8.388464 2.273469
2003
Hdep (eq) 5.75E-08 || 5.77E-08 || 4.46E-08 || 4.27E-08 || 1.21 E-08 || 2.78E-08 || 2.37E-08
Hdep (eq) 18.02595 || 6.572137 | 125.1 || 5 || 221.7001 || 63.93 103 || 4 || 9.329 || 76.90949
40
Air Quality Technical Report
2002
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 5.5 | E-03 5.52E-03 1.31 E-02 1,46E-02 1.71 E-03 3.80E-03 || 3.42E-03
Dn (kg/ha/yr) 1.80E-02 1.79E-02 4.38E-03 4.35E-03 1.78E-03 1. I 1 E-02 5.25E-03
2003
ANC(o) (eq) 2207.38 266.94 458 15.82 125439.4 883.39.7 108988.6 | 84960.29
2001
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 6.2| E-03 6.22E-03 1.23E-02 1.37E-02 | 1.79E-03 || 3.87E-03 || 3.12E-03
Dn (kg/ha/yr) 2.50E-02 2.50E-02 4.88E-03 4.86E-03 || 2.20B-03 1.34E-02 || 7.3 | E-03
Hs (eq’/mº/yr) 3.88E-05 3.89E-05 7.69E-05 8.56E-05 || 1 , |2E-05 || 2.42E-05 | 1.95 E-05
Hn (eq’/mº/yr) }.79E-04 | 79E-04 3.49E-05 3.47E-05 | 1.57E-05 || 9.57E-05 || 5.22E-05
Hdep (eq) 18,49775 6.744 145 130.7568 23().9598 || 67.646] 431.6446 80.26284
2002
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 5.52E-03 5.53E-03 |.3] E-02 | 46E-02 | 1.71 E-03 || 3.8 |E-03 || 3.43E-03
Hn (eq’ſmºlyr) 1.33E-04 1.32E-()4 3.6 |E-()5 3.55E-05 | 1.4 |E-05 || 8.20E-05 || 3.97E-05
Hdep (eq) 14.2 1759 5. 175394 |38. ().]53 243.0052 || 62.3 l l 59 || 380.7 | 85 | 68.47632
2003
4|
Air Quality Technical Report
Hdep (eq) 22.298.91 8. 122854 167.5548 280. 1294 | 89.0251 | 520.7947 || 99.18419
2002
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 5.51 E-03 5.52E-03 1.31E-02 1.46E-02 | 7 || E-03 3.80E-03 3.43E-03
Hdep (eq) 13.9806 5.088823 134.4132 237.4942 || 60. 15178 || 374.97.91 66,924.75
2003
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 8.89E-03 || 8.91 E-03 1.53E-02 1.61 E-02 || 2 || E-03 || 4.87E-03 || 4.23E-03
Hdep (eq) 21.88996 || 7,973.279 163.0754 273.1155 | 86.82036 || 5 12.9004 || 97, 14381
42
Air Quality Technical Report
% ANC change 0.84% | ". *.º " | 0.28% 0.18% 0.08% 0.40% 0.09%
2002
Ds (kg/ha/yr) 5.52E-03 || 5.52E-03 | 1.31 E-02 | 1.46E-02 || 1.71 E-03 || 3.8 | E-03 || 3,43E-03
Dn (kg/ha/yr) 1.85E-02 | 1.85E-02 || 4.99E-03 || 4.91 E-03 || 1.96E-03 || 1 , || 4E-02 5.53E-03
Hs (eq/mººr) 3.45E-05 || 3.45E-05 || 8, 19F-05 || 9 || E-05 | 1.07E-05 || 2.38E-05 || 2 |4E-05
Hn(eq.mily) 1.32E-04 || 1.32E-04 || 3.56E-05 || 3.51 E-05 | 1.40E-05 || 8 || 7E-05 || 3.95E-05
Hoep (eq) 14, 18253 || 5.162598 || 137.5304 || 242.2251 61.990.24 || 379.8548 || 68.24264
2001
NO, Annual (). 1 Ouray 17 17 | ()() 1796
3-hour ().()| Ouray 20 20 | 3()() 2%
SO, 24-hour ().()06 Ouray | () | () 365 3 %
Annual () ()()()8 Ouray 5 5 8() 6%
PMio 24-hour 14.6 Ouray 28 43 150 28 00
PM., & 24-hour' |.9 Ouray 25 27 35 77 oo
- - Annual ().4 Ouray 9 9 15 62 °o
2002
NO; Annual (). Ouray 17 |7 ! ()() | 7 o'o
3-hour ().() I Ouray 2() 20 | 3 ()() 2 °o
43
Air Quality Technical Report
2003
NO2 Annual 0.1 Ouray 17 17 100 17 %
Significance criteria for potential criteria pollutant impacts include the NAAQS. Utah has
adopted the NAAQS as the standard for the State.
Predicted maximum pollutant concentrations that could occur as a result of the implementation of
the Proposed Action are summarized in Table 6-27 and compared with the NAAQS for years
2001-2003. As demonstrated, increases in pollutant concentrations are predicted to occur at
levels below the ambient standards.
ra. “º º'
(ug/m’) | "..." |&º,
(Hg/m’) º
(ugſm') (Hg/m’) |*
Location NAAQS
2001
NO. Annual 0.1 . Ouray 17 17 100 17%
3-hour 0.01 Ouray 20 20 1300 2%
SO2 24-hour 0.006 Ouray 10 10 365 3 %
Annual ().0008 Ouray 5 5 80 6%
PMio 24-hour 14.6 Ouray 28 43 150 28%
24-hour' 1.9 Ouray 25 27 35 77 oo
PM2 . Annual 0.4 Ouray 9 9 15 62%
2002
NO2 Annual (). I Ouray 17 17 |00 | 79%
44
Air Quality Technical Report
i
;
Table 6-27. WTP Alternative A (Proposed Action) NAAQS Comparison
Pollutant
NO;
SO2
* .
Averagi
Impact
Annual
Annual
3-hour
24-hour
Annual
(ugſm')
0.3
0.1
0.02
0.006
0.0006
Maximum
'.
cation
Ouray
Ouray
Ouray
Ouray
Ouray
Background
Concentration
2003
(Mg/m’)
17
20
|()
5
Background
Plus
(ug/m’)
17
20
10
5
NAAQS
impact standard
(Hg/m’)
15
100
1300
365
80
rººt
of
NAAQS
62%
17 %
2%
3 %
6%
e
g
3 PMio
PM2 s
24-hour
24-hour'
9.1
1.3
Ouray
Ouray
28
25
37
26
150
35
25%
75%
$
º
'Represents the modeled “eighth maximum" concentration
**|† : *|† : |*
(helm’) (ºg/m) Nºos (ig/m’) 0cation (ug/m’)
2001
NO2 Annual 0.1 Ouray 17 17 | 00 17 9/o
3-hour 0.007 Ouray 20 20 1300 2%
SO2 24-hour 0.002 Ouray 1() 1() 365 3%
Annual 0.0003 Ouray 5 5 8() 6%
PMio 24-hour 2.8 Ouray 28 3| 150 21 °o
PM, s 24-hour' 0.6 Ouray 25 26 35 73 90
- Annual 0. I Ouray 9 9 15 61 %
2002
NO, Annual ().03 Ouray 17 |7 | ()() 1796
2003
NO, Annual 0.03 Ouray 17 17 | ()() | 70%
45
Air Quality Technical Report
Pollutant
Averagin
i. g
.
Impact
Maximum
... Background Background
Concentration | Plus
NAAOS
Impact standard rº.
of g
e
2002
NO; Annual (). Ouray 17 17 100 17 %
2003
NO; Annual (). 1 Ouray 17 17 100 | 79%
ra. |*|†
(...) |..."
| location ...|º]}:
(ug/m’) (*g/m’) |*
NAAQs (ſugſm’)
2001
NO; Annual 7.1 Ouray 17 24 |()() 24 90
3-hour 3. ] Ouray 20 23 |300 2%
SO, 24-hour ().8 Dinosaur |() | | 365 3 9/o
Annual () ) Ouray 5 5 80 6%
PM, 0 24-hour | | .4 Ouray 28 39 150 26 %
PM., & 24-hour' 2.9 Ouray 25 28 35 80%
2002
Air Quality Technical Report
2003
NO, Annual 7.7 Ouray 17 25 100 25%
2001
NO, Annual 7.2017 Ouray 17 24.20 |7 | ()() 24%
3-hour 3.049) Ouray 20 23.049) |300 2%
SO, 24-hour 0.77897 Canyonlands I () 10,77897 365 3%
Annual 0.13789 Ouray 5 5.13789 8() 6%
PM, 0 24-hour 19.2172 Ouray 28 47.2172 15() 3.1%
PM, s 24-hour 3,5537 Ouray 25 28,5537 35 82%
2002
NO, Annual 8.6462 Ouray 17 25.6462 | ()() 26%
2003
No. Annual || 77896 || Oury | 17 | 217896 || 100 2500
47
Air Quality Technical Report
rºl. “º º'
(ug/m’) | "..." |&º,
(Hg/m’) ſº
(ug/m’) |\º
(*g/m’) |*
| NAAos
Location
2001
NO, Annual 7. 1356 Ouray 17 24.1356 100 24%
3-hour 3.049 Ouray 20 23.049 1300 2%
SO2 24-hour 0.77897 Canyonlands 10 10.77897 365 3%
2002
NO, Annual 8.6057 Ouray 17 25.6057 100 26%
2003
NO, Annual 7.7524 Ouray 17 24.7524 100 25%
3-hour 1.793 Dinosaur 20 21.793 1300 2%
48
Air Quality Technical Report
rº, “º |*
(Hg/m’) | *|†,
(Hg/m’) ººlºº
(Hg/m’) | NA Location (ug/m’) AQS
2001
NO2 Annual 7, 192 Ouray 17 24, 192 100 24%
2002
NO; Annual 8.6402 Ouray 17 25.6402 100 26%
2003
NO; Annual 7.784 | Ouray 17 24.784 | 100 250%
2001
Arches NP (1) () () () () 17 l
Black º Gunnison () () () () 4 ()
Canyonlands NP (I) () () () () 32 !
49
Air Quality Technical Report
Area. special
No. SQ.,
(ºf PSD) of PSD)
Weminuche WA (I)
West Elk WA (I)
Dinosaur NM (II)
Brown Park NWR (II)
Colorado NM (II)
Flaming NRA (II)
Ouray NWR (II)
Ragged WA (II)
High Uintas WA (II)
Arches NP (1)
Black Canyon of the Gunnison
WA (H
;
Canyonlands NP (1) 10
Ragged WA (II)
High Uintas WA (II) 2
Arches NP (1)
Black Canyon of the Gunnison
WA (I
.
Canyonlands NP (I)
Capitol Reef NP (I)
Flat Tops WA (1)
La Garita WA (I)
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA (1)
Weminuche WA (1)
West Elk WA (1)
Dinosaur NM (II)
Brown Park NWR (II)
Colorado NM (11)
Flaming Gorge NRA (II)
Air Quality Technical Report
Ragged WA (II) () 0 () () l ()
Canyonlands NP (I) () () () () 4 ()
Capitol Reef NP (I) () () () () 2 ()
Flat Tops WA (1) () () () () | ()
La Garita WA (I) () () () () () ()
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA (1) () () () () l ()
Weminuche WA (1) () () () () () ()
West Elk WA (I) () () 0 () () ()
Dinosaur NM (II) () () () () 3 |
Brown Park NWR (11) () () () () l ()
Colorado NM (II) () () () () () ()
2002
Arches NP (1) () () (). () 4 ()
Black cºX º Gunnison () () () () | ()
Canyonlands NP (I) () () () () 3 ()
Capitol Reef NP (1) () () () () 2 ()
Flat Tops WA (I) () () () () | ()
La Garita WA (1) () () () () () ()
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA (1) () () () () l ()
Weminuche WA (I) () () () () () ()
West Elk WA (1) () () () () | ()
Dinosaur NM (II) () () () () 2 ()
Brown Park NWR (II) () () () () | ()
Colorado NM (11) () () () () | ()
5|
Air Quality Technical Report
Ragged WA (II) 0 0 () 0 0
La Garita WA (I) 0
Weminuche WA (I) 0
Dinosaur NM (II) 2
Colorado NM (11) l
Ragged WA (II) ()
Table 6–36. WTP Alternative E (BLM Preferred) PSD Class I & II Comparison
2001
Arches NP (I)
Black Canyon of the Gunnison ()
WA (I)
Canyonlands NP (I) ()
52
Air Quality Technical Report
Table 6–36. WTP Alternative E (BLM Preferred) PSD Class I & II Comparison
Annual 3-hour
SO,
(% of PSD)
24-hour Annual
PMio
(% of PSD)
24-hour Annual
i
Flaming Gorge NRA (II) () () 3
Ragged WA (II) () ()
22
Arches NP (I)
Black Canyon of the Gunnison
WA (I)
Canyonlands NP (I)
Capitol Reef NP (1)
Flat Tops WA (I)
()
l
La Garita WA (I)
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA (1)
Weminuche WA (I)
West Elk WA (1)
Dinosaur NM (11)
Brown Park NWR (II)
Colorado NM (II)
Flaming Gorge NRA (II)
Ouray NWR (II)
Ragged WA (11)
High Uintas WA (II)
l
Arches NP (I) 9
Ragged WA (II)
() !
High Uintas WA (11)
:
53
Air Quality Technical Report
º º NO; º º - º º : PMio -- º
2001
Arches NP(I)
Black Canyon of the Gunnison
WA (I
:
Canyonlands NP (1)
Capitol Reef NP (I)
Flat Tops WA (1)
La Garita WA (I)
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA
|
i
Weminuche WA (1) l
Dinosaur NM (II) ()
Colorado NM (II) ()
Ragged WA (11) () ()
2 002
Arches NP (I)
Black Canyon of the Gunnison
WA (I
Canyonlands NP (1)
Capitol Reef NP (I)
Flat Tops WA (1)
La Garita WA (1)
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA
2
|
Weminuche WA (1)
West Elk WA (I)
Dinosaur NM (II)
Brown Park NWR (II)
Colorado NM (II)
Flaming Gorge NRA (11)
Ouray NWR (11) 34
Ragged WA (II) ()
3.
Arches NP (1) 6
54
Air Quality Technical Report
Canyonlands NP (1) () 17 2 | ()
La Garita WA (I) l ()
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA
l 3
(ſ)
Weminuche WA (I)
West Elk WA (I)
Dinosaur NM (II)
Brown Park NWR (11)
Colorado NM (II)
Flaming Gorge NRA (II)
Ouray NWR (II) 3| 44
Ragged WA (II) () ()
Arches NP (I) 17
Ragged WA (II)
High Uintas WA (II)
2
Arches NP (I) 2
55
Air Quality Technical Report
Weminuche WA (1) () () | 0 2 ()
West Elk WA (I) | l l () 4 l
Dinosaur NM (II) 3 () l 0 14 4
Colorado NM (II) () () () () 2 |
Flaming Gorge NRA (II) () () 0 () I
Ragged WA (II) () () () () | ()
High Uintas WA (II) () 0 0 0 6 0
2003
Arches NP (1) l 6 | | 2 13 2
Black cºsº Gunnison | l 2 () 2 l
Canyonlands NP (1) ] 7 17 2 15 |
Capitol Reef NP (I) () 4 1() I 5 0
Flat Tops WA (I) 4 2 3 l 6 2
La Garita WA (1) () () | () | ()
Maroon Bells-Snowmass WA (I) 4 l 2 () 5 l
Weminuche WA (I) () () l () l ()
West Elk WA (1) | l l () 3 l
Dinosaur NM (II) 2 () l () 12 3
Ragged WA (II) () () () () | ()
High Uintas WA (II) () () () () 4 ()
56
Air Quality Technical Report
2001 º
Arches NP (I) | 6 10 2 4 l
Canyonlands NP (1) l 7 16 2 5 ()
Maroon
La Garita WA (I)
º
Weminuche WA (1)
WA
()
4
()
3
()
6
}
()
l
|
9
2
l
l
()
l
()
()
()
4
5
l
4
|
()
()
()
|
|
li
West Elk WA (I) | | l () 2 ()
Dinosaur NM (II) 4 0 I () 10 4
Colorado NM (11) () () () () | ()
Ragged WA (II) () () () () | ()
High Uintas WA (II) () () () 0 l ()
2002
Arches NP (I) | 7 |0 2 5 ]
Black cº!º Gunnison I | 2 () 2 ()
La Garita WA (1) () | | () | ()
Maroon º WA 3 | 2 () 5 l
Weminuche WA (1) () () | () | ()
West Elk WA (1) l | I () 2 ()
Dinosaur NM (II) 3 () l () l() 3
Colorado NM (II) () () () () | ()
Ragged WA (11) () () () () | ()
2003
Arches NP (1) 2 |
Black Cany WA º Gunnison
|
|
6
l
} |
2 ()
4
2 ()
i
57
Air Quality Technical Report
(I)
Weminuche WA (I) () () ! () I 0
West Elk WA (1) i 1 | 0 2 ()
Dinosaur NM (II) 2 0 ! () 8 2
Canyonlands NP (1) ! 7 16 2 | | !
Dinosaur NM (II) 4 () | () 12 5
Brown Park NWR (II) l () () () 3 |
Colorado NM (II) () () () () 2 ()
2002
Arches NP (I) | 7 | () 2 |0 l
58
Air Quality Technical Report
Ragged WA (II) () I ()
Arches NP (I) 6 l
Ragged WA (II) l ()
59
Air Quality Technical Report
7.0 REFERENCES
Buys & Associates. 2007a. Emissions Inventory for the West Tavaputs Plateau Oil & Gas
Development Draft EIS. Prepared for Bureau of Land Management.
Buys & Associates. 2007b. Near-Field Air Quality Impact Assessment Report for the West
Tavaputs Plateau Oil & Gas Development Draft EIS. Prepared for Bureau of Land
Management,
Fox, Douglas, et al., 1989. A Screening Procedure to Evaluate Air Pollution Effects on Class I
Wilderness Areas. Report RM-168. US Department of Agriculture, Rocky Mountain Forest
and Range Experiment Station. Fort Collins, CO.
60
APPENDIX A
Subgroup (a)
! END !
Subgroup (b)
Subgroup (c)
! END !
Map projection
(PMAP) Default: UTM ! PMAP = LCC !
LCC : Projection cone slices through Earth's surface at XLAT1 and XLAT2
PS : Projection plane slices through Earth at XLAT1
(XLAT2 is not used)
Datum-region
0.00, 20.00, 40.00, 80.00, 160.00, 320.00, 640.00, 1000.00, 1500.00, 2000.00, 2500.0
0, 3000.00, 3500.00 !
! END !
Defaults: NZ * 0
Defaults: NZ * 0
* ITOUT = *
Variable Print 2
(0 = do not print,
1 = print)
! END !
FILE FORMATS
! END !
Units: km
Relative weighting of the first
guess field and observations in the
SURFACE layer (R1) No default ! R1 = 4
(R1 is the distance from an Units : km
observational station at which the
observation and first guess field are
equally weighted)
BARRIER INFORMATION
X coordinate of BEGINNING
of each barrier (XBBAR (NBAR) ) ! XBBAR = 1
Y coordinate of BEGINNING
of each barrier (YBBAR (NBAR) ) ! YBBAR = 1
X coordinate of ENDING
of each barrier (XEBAR (NBAR) ) ! XEBAR = 1
Y coordinate of ENDING
of each barrier (YEBAR (NBAR) ) ! YEBAR = !
! END !
TEMPERATURE PARAMETERS
Interpolation type
(1 = 1/R ; 2 = 1/R^*2) Default: 1 ! IRAD = 1 |
1 2
Name ID X coord. Y coord. Time An em.
(km) (km) 2 One Ht. (m)
2
Five digit integer for station ID
! END !
1 2
Name ID X coord. Y coord. Time zone
(km) (km)
l
Four character string for station name
(MUST START IN COLUMN 9)
! END !
1 2
Name Station X coord. Y coord.
Code (km) (km)
PS 1
PS2
PS3
PS4
PS 5
PS6
PS 7
= ' p 1"
= p? "
= ' p3 '
= ' PA
= 'P 5'
= 'P6'
= p7'
428 93.9
42.1308
4 223.85
422578
42.27 O2
4234 18
423611
20. 030
248. 620
44. 325
32.946
46. 600
153. 822
108. 519
368.917
80. 207
426. 448
252.222
295. 433
216. 135
152. 258
i
PS8 = "P3 " 425815 121. 240 384. 362
PS9 = 'P 9 42 61.27 15 6.895 381.526 º
PS10 = "P1 O 427 0.26 98. 117 281.618
PS 11 = Pll ' 42.7260 –9. 008 189 - 1.99
PS 12 = p 12" 427395 164. 365 356. 575
PS 13 = ' p 13" 42 7598 0.826 404 - 773
PS 14 = 'P 14 427 690 16.033 320. 435
PS 15 = "P15 427 729 64 . 697 288 . 397
PS 16 = "P1 6" 5909 6 476. 641 342.95.7
PS 17 = pl? "
PS 18 = 'P 18
PS 19 = ' p 19. "
PS20 = ' Pº () '
PS21 = "P21 '
PS22 = P22'
PS23 = P23 '
PS24 = "P24 '
50 130
50 183
50.263
50.372
5 1713
5 1959
52.286
5 3488
528. 390
531. 628
51.2. 645
4 31.571
442. 422
422. 535
248. 428
289 - 348
65. 278
365. 163
233. 898
248. 030
167. 594
213. 214
352.019
233. 193
l
PS25 = "P25' 53500 505. 141 3.68. 482
PS2 6 = "P26 ' 53.662 427. 609 177. 468
PS 27 = , p 27 55.48 4 3.37. 493 3.34. 397
PS28 = "P28 55.531 301. 141 26. 324
PS29 = ' P2G 55982 460. 178 438 . 935
PS30 = "P30' 5 6203 367.079 118. 006
PS 31 = ' p 31 56591 274. 959 66. 770
PS32 = p 32 ' 57031 350.058 279 .285
PS33 = "P3 3 573.37 497. 451 133. 478
PS34 = "P34
PS35 = "P35 '
PS36 = "P3 6
PS37 = p 37"
PS38 = p 38'
PS39 = p39
PS40 = "p 40
58.204
487995
48 3100
485 420
486.597
426374
420.336
35 6.064
4 19 . 587
83. 332
5 14. 024
248. 097
59 .50 6
199. 940
110.205
497. 28.4
459. 108
482. 534
4 68. 694
4.01 .455
175. 943
l
PS 41 = 'P 41 ' 420.738 21 6.032 68. 281
PS42 = ' p 12 421 008 – 16. 339 68 - 520
PS4 3 = 'P 43 42.1 5 90 66. 111 423.04.4
PS44 = "PA 4. ' 425892 21. 290 403.014
PS45 = "p 45 420,168 –0. 560 133. 383
PS4 6 = 'P 4 6 5 4 377 527. O 90 3.17. 959
\.l
six digit station code composed of state
code (first 2 digits) and station ID (last
4 digits)
! END !
| , ،، ،، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ، ،. _ _ _ _ _
~
_ _ _ _ _ (__
APPENDIX B
PLMMET. DAT
or
PROFILE. DAT
SURFACE. DAT
RESTARTB. DAT
input
input
input
input
input
*
*
*
*
I SCDAT =
PLMDAT =
PRFDAT
SFCDAT =
RSTARTB = *
=
*
*
*
l
CALPUFF. LST output ! PUFLST = C : \WTPEI S \2001 \PUFFO 101. LST :
CONC. DAT output ! CONDAT = C : \WTPEIS \2001 \CONCO 101. DAT
DFLX. DAT output t DFDAT = C : \WTPEI S \2001 \DFLX01 01. DAT
WFLX. DAT output t WFDAT = C:\WTPEI S \2001 \WFLX01 01. DAT |
Subgroup (0a)
Restart Configuration:
! END !
Default: 60.0 PGTIME = 60
li
Vertical distribution used in the
near field (MGAUSS) Default : 1 MGAUSS
O = uniform
1 = Gaussian
0 = no adjustment
1 = ISC-type of terrain adjustment
2 = simple, CALPUFF-type of terrain
adjustment
3 = partial plume path adjustment
|
Puff splitting allowed? (MSPLIT) Default: 0 ! MSPLIT = O !
0 = no (i.e., puffs not split)
1 = yes (i.e., puffs are split)
Boundary conditions
(MBCON)
O = no
(concentration) modeled?
Default: 0 ! MBCON = 0 !
l
1 = yes, using formatted BCON. DAT file
-
2 yes, using unformatted CONC. DAT file
! END !
! SO2 = 1, l, l, 0 !
! SO4 = 1, 0, 2, 0 !
! NOX = l, 1, l, 0 !
! HNO3 = l, 0, 1, 0 !
! NO3 = 1, 0, 2, O !
! PM10 = 1, l, 2, O !
! PMF = 1, l, 2, O
! END !
Map projection
(PMAP) Default: UTM ! PMAP = LCC !
(RLATO)
(RLONO)
: Southern hemisphere projection
Lcc :
No Default
No Default
!
!
XLAT1 = 30N
XLAT2 = 60N
Datum-region
The Datum-Region for the coordinates is identified by a character
string. Many mapping products currently available use the model of the
Earth known as the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS-G ). Other local
models may be in use, and their selection in CALMET will make its output
consistent with local mapping products. The list of Datum-Regions with
official transformation parameters provided by the National Imagery and
Mapping Agency (NIMA).
METEOROLOGICAL Grid :
Reference Coordinates
of SOUTHWEST corner of
grid cell (1, 1) :
COMPUTATIONAL Grid :
The lower left (LL) corner of the sampling grid is at grid point
(IBSAMP, JBSAMP) of the MET. grid. The upper right (UR) corner of the
i
sampling grid is at grid point (IESAMP, JESAMP) of the MET. grid.
The sampling grid must be identical to or a subset of the computational
grid. It may be a nested grid inside the computational grid.
The grid spacing of the sampling grid is DGRIDKM/MESHDN.
X index of UR corner
(IBCOMP & = IESAMP & =
Y index of UR corner
(IESAMP)
IECOMP)
(JESAMP)
(JBCOMP -- JESAMP - - JECOMP)
No default
No default
!
!
IESAMP = 113
JESAMP = 11.1 !
li
Nesting factor of the sampling
grid (MESHDN) De fault: 1 ! MESHDN = 1 .
! END !
l
specified in Input Group 0)
SPECIES (or GROUP for combined species) LIST FOR OUTPUT OPTIONS
! SO2 = 0, l, 0, l,
0 !
! SO4 = 0, 1, 0, l,
O !
! NOX = 0, 1, 0, 1,
0 !
! HNO3 = 0, l, 0, 1,
0 t
! NO3 = 0, l, 0, 1,
O !
! PM10 = 0, 1, 0, 1,
O !
! PMF = 0, l, 0, 1,
O !
º
º
wº
lº
vºy (NN1) Default : 1 ! NN1 = 1 :
Leº
wº
sº
º
- ! END !
Met. period to end output
(NN2) Default: 10 ! NN2 = 10 !
i
INPUT GROUP: 6a, 6b, & 6c -- Subgrid scale complex terrain inputs ſ
Subgroup (6a)
No Default
0 !
!
NCTREC = 0
MHILL = 2
!
lil
by CTDM processors & read from
HILL. DAT and HILLRCT. DAT files
2 = Hill data created by OPTHILL &
input below in Subgroup (6b);
Receptor data in Subgroup (6c)
! END !
Subgroup (6b)
1 + +
HILL in formation
\-
Subgroup (6c)
XRCT
(km)
Y RCT
(km)
ZRCT
(m)
XHH
i
Description of Complex Terrain Variables:
XC, YC = Coordinates of center of hill
THETAH = orientation of major axis of hill (clockwise from
North)
2GRID = Height of the 0 of the grid above mean sea
level
RELIEF = Height of the crest of the hill above the grid elevation
EXPO 1 = Hill-shape exponent for the major axis
EXPO 2 Hill-shape exponent for the major axis
SCALE 1 = Horizontal length scale along the major axis
SCALE 2 = Horizontal length scale along the minor axis
AMAX = Maximum allowed axis length for the major axis
BMAX = Maximum allowed axis length for the major axis
+ +
NOTE: DATA for each hill and CTSG receptor are treated as a separate
input subgroup and therefore must end with an input group terminator.
! END !
For SINGLE SPECIES, the mean and standard deviation are used to
compute a deposition velocity for NINT (see group 9) size-ranges,
and these are then averaged to obtain a mean deposition velocity.
i
INPUT GROUP: 9 -- Miscellaneous dry deposition parameters
ſ
Default:
Default:
8
1
!
!
REACTR
NINT
IVEG
-
-
9
1
i
IVEG=1 for active and unstressed vegetation
IVEG=2 for active and stressed vegetation
IVEG=3 for inactive vegetation
! END !
! END !
Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov. Dec
Clean Continental
BCKPMF 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1.
OFRAC . 15 - 15 . 20 - 20 - 20 - 20 - 20 . 20 - 20 . 20 . 20 . 15
VCNX 50. 50. 50. 50. 50. 50. 50. 50. 50. 50. 50. 50.
Regional Plume
BCKPMF 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20. 20.
CFRAC .20 . 20 .25 .35 - 25 - 40 . 40 . 40 - 30 - 30 . 30 . 20
VCNX 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15. 15.
º
Default:
! OFRAC
Clean Continental
! BCKPMF = 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00 !
0.15, 0.15, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 0.15 !
! VCNX = 50.00, 50.00,
50.00, 50.00 !
50.00, 50.00, 50.00, 50.00, 50.00, 50.00, 50.00, 50.00,
i
! END !
Stability Class D E. F.
º
i§
-
ºº
ººº
º
º
º
Minimum mixing height
(XMINZI)
! WSCAT = 1.54,
Default:
1.54,
1
3.09,
3.09,
50.
5.14, 8.23,
5.14, 8.23,
! XMINZ I
4
= 50
10.8
10.8
5
(10.8+)
i
º
-
Default wind speed profile power-law
exponents for stabilities 1-6
(PLX0 (6)) Default : ISC RURAL values
ISC RURAL : . 07, .07, . 10, . 15, .35, . 55
:
º ISC URBAN :
Stability Class :
A
. 15,
0.07,
. 20,
C
.25,
E. F
l
for stable classes E, F (deg K/m)
(PTGO (2) ) Default: 0.020, 0.035
! PTG0 = 0.02, 0.035 !
| i is selected -- MCTADJ–3)
(PPC (6)) Stability Class :
! PPC = 0.5,
Default:
VERTICAL SPLIT
A
.50,
10.
0.5,
B
. 50, .50,
C
0.5, 0.5,
!
D
.50,
SL2 PF =
0.35,
10
E.
. 35,
0.35 !
!
.35
F
l
Number of puffs that result every time a puff
is split – nsplit=2 means that 1 puff splits
into 2
(NSPLIT) De fault: 3 ! NSPLIT = 3 |
SPLIT
Default: 0.25 ! ROLDMAX -
O 25 l
Number of puffs that result every time a puff
is split - nsplith-5 means that 1 puff splits
into 5
(NSPLITH) Default: 5 ! NSPLITH = 5 !
Minimum height (m) to which BC puffs are mixed as they are emitted
(MBCON=2 ONLY). Actual height is reset to the current mixing height
at the release point if greater than this minimum.
(HTMINBC) Default: 500. * HTMINBC
- -
! END !
Subgroup (13a)
-
-
g/s
kg/hr
lb/hr
tons/yr
Odour Unit * m” “3/s (vol. flux of odour compound) i
- Odour Unit * m * 3/min
- metric tons/yr
Number of source-species
combinations with variable
º
emissions scaling factors f
provided below in (13d) (NSPT 1) Default: O ! NSPT1 = 0 !
Subgroup (13b)
file : PTEMARB. DAT)
read from
l
d
POINT SOURCE: CONSTANT DATA
b
c
Source x UTM Y UTM Stack Base Stack Exit Exit Bldg. Emission
No. Coordinate Coordinate Height Elevation Diameter Vel. Temp. Dwash Rates
(km) (km) (m) (m) (m) (m/s) (deg. K)
!
! X =
SRCNAM = D1
165. 644,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
301. 705, 7. 6,
!
FMFAC =
SRCNAM = D2 |
1 ! ! END !
1755.9, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11 E-02,
l
! X = 1 64. 170, 300. 242, 7. 6, 1818. 3, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
! SRCNAM = D3
! X = 163. 159, 301. 353, 7. 6, 1806. 0, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
! SRCNAM = D4
! X = 160.912,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
300. 813, 7. 6, 1846. 1, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11 E-02, \-l
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
! SRCNAM = D5 !
! X = 159 .558, 299. 155, 7. 6, 2025. 6, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
! FMFAC = 1 : ! END !
! SRCNAM = D6
! X = 161. 741, 297.896, 7. 6, 1985.0, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
!
FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
l
7 SRCNAM = D7
7 : X = 156.991, 298. 418, 7. 6, 1995.3, 50,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 800, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
7 : FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
8 : SRCNAM = D8
8 : X = 154. 794, 298. 418, 7.6, 2033.3,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 50, 800, 5. 11E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
8 : FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
9 * SRCNAM = D9 |
9 : x = 155.534, 293. 478, 7. 6, 2076.2,
0.00E00, 3.31E00, 50, 800, 5. 11E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
9 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
10 ! SRCNAM = D10 !
10 : X = 157. 702, 293.420, 7. 6, 1888.9, 50,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 800, 5. 11E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
10 ! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
11 1 SRCNAM = D11 |
11 : X = 158. 104, 289.676, 7.6, 2099.7, 50,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 800, 5. 11E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
11 : FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
12 SRCNAM = D12
12 | X = 151.392, 289.920, 7. 6, 2187.5,
0.00E00, 3.31E00, 0. 1, 50, 800, 5.1.1F-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
12 : FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
13 SRCNAM = D13
13 : X = 149.796, 295. 540, 7.6, 2144.2, 50,
0.00E00, 3.31E00, 800, 5. 11E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
13 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
14 SRCNAM = D14
14 X = 150. 979, 296.873, 7.6, 2135.2, 50,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 800, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
14 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
15 SRCNAM = D15 !
15 ! X = 145.595, 294.342, 7.6,
2206.7, 50,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 800, 5.11 E-02,
0.00F00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00
15 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
1 6 1 SRCNAM = D16
16 x = 143. 177, 293. 432, 7.6, 2265.5,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
16 1 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
17 SRCNAM = D17
17 : x = 142. 138, 296. 698, 7. 6, 2212.
3, 50,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 800, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00F00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
17 : FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
18 SPCNAM = D18
18 X = 143. 732, 297.919, 7. 6, 22.91.3,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, 50, 800, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
18 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
19 X
SRCNAM = D19
= 14.6.272,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
19
0.00E00,
19
20 !
298. 480,
SRCNAM = D20 !
1 :
7. 6,
! END !
21.78. 8, 0.1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11E-02,
i
20 ! X = 140. 221, 297. 697, 7. 6, 22.97. 4, 0.1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31 E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 º
20 ! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
21 1 SRCNAM = D21 :
21 ! X = 140.217, 300. 245, 7. 6, 22.99.4, 0.1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00
21 FMFAC = 1 : ! END !
22
22 | X =
SRCNAM = D22
137.721,
0.00E00, 3.31E00,
|
300. 769,
: ! END !
2176. 1, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11E-02,
!
23 1 SRCNAM = D23
23 : X = 137. 167, 298. 360, 7. 6, 2403. 5, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
23 FMFAC = 1 : ! END !
24 SRCNAM = D24 | X
24 X = 136. 541, 301.427, 7. 6, 2087.0, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11E-02, $
0.00E00, 3.31 E00, In
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 ! >
24 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END ! S.
×
25 ! SRCNAM = D25 2
25 X = 149.893, 299. 290, 7. 6, 1847. 4, 0. 1, 50, 800, 0.0, 5.11 E-02,
0.00E00, 3.31E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
25 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
26 SRCNAM = CS1ENG1 ! 4
30 !
FMFAC =
SRCNAM = CS2ENG1
X = 148. 307,
0.00E00, 5.29 E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00,
0.00E00,
1 !
!
0.00E00 !
! END !
294. 787,
0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
9. 1, 2200.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
l
30 ! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
31 : SRCNAM = CS2ENG2
31 : x = 148. 319, 294. 783, 9. 1, 2200.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 5.29E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
31 FMFAC = 1 END !
32 SRCNAM = CS2ENG3
32 | X = 148. 330, 294. 778, 9. 1, 2200.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 5.29E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00
32 : FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
33 1 SRCNAM = CS2ENG4
33 x = 148.341, 294.774, 9. 1, 2200.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 5.29E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
33 FMFAC = 1 : " END !
34 SRCNAM = CS3ENG1 !
34 X = 155. 394, 296. 047, 9. 1, 2195 - 0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 5.29E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
34 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
35 SRCNAM = CS3ENG2
35 : X = 155.405, 296.043, 9. 1, 2195.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 5.29E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
3.5 ! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
36 SRCNAM = CS3ENG3
36 X = 155. 416, 296.038, 9. 1, 2195.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 5.29E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
36 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
37 SRCNAM = CS3ENG4
37 : x = 155.426, 296.034, 9. 1
0.00E00, 5.29E00, , 2.195.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
37 FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
38 SRCNAM = CS3ENG5 !
38 X = 155. 407, 296.079, 9. 1, 2195.0, 0.3048, 25, 811, 0.0, 0.00E00
0.00E00, 5.29 E00, r
39 SRCNAM = CS3ENG6 -
40 ! SRCNAM = CS3ENG7
40 ! X = 155. 429, 296.070, 9. 1, 2195.0, 0.3048 25, 81 l, 0.0
0.00E00, 5.29 E00, r , 0.0, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 0.00E00 !
40 ! FMFAC = 1 ! ! END !
b
0. = No building downwash modeled, 1. = downwash modeled
NOTE: must be entered as a REAL number (i.e., with decimal point)
Source
l
No. Effective building width and height (in meters) every 10 degrees
Subgroup (13d)
l
Use this subgroup to describe temporal variations in the emission
rates given in 13b. Factors entered multiply the rates in 13b.
Skip sources here that have constant emissions. For more elaborate
variation in source parameters, use PTEMARB. DAT and NPT2 > 0.
l
INPUT GROUPS: 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d -- Area source parameters
tons/m" “2/yr
> Odour Unit * m/s (vol. flux/m.” “2 of odour compound)
- Odour Unit * m/min
- metric tons/m" 2/yr
Number of source-species
combinations with variable
emissions scaling factors
provided below in (14d.) (NSAR1) Default: O ! NSAR1 = 0 .
Subgroup (14b)
d
AREA SOURCE: CONSTANT DATA
b
Source Effect. Base Initial Emission
No. Height Elevation Sigma z Rates
(m) (m) (m)
1 SRCNAM = A1 !
1 | X = 7.0, 1755.9, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1,09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
2 SRCNAM = A2 |
2 : X = 7.0, 1818. 3, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
3 : SRCNAM = A3
3
0.00E00,
: X =
1.93E-05,
7.0, 1806.0, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0, 00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00
r
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
4 SRCNAM = A4 '
4 : X = 7.0, 1846. 1, 3.2558 1395,348837, 0.00E00, 0. -
!
3. 60 E–06 :
END !
0.00E00,
6
6
3.60 E-06 :
:
SRCNAM = A6
X =
1.93E-05,
1985. 0, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
i
! END !
7 SRCNAM = A7
7 : X = 1995.3, 3.2558 1395,348837, 0 .00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
8 : SRCNAM = A8
8 : x = 2033. 3, 3.2558.1395.348837, O .00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93 E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
0.00E00,
9
9
3. 60 E-06
! END !
10
10
:
:
:
!
SRCNAM = A9
X =
X =
1.93E-05,
SRCNAM = A10
|
207 6.2,
1888.9,
3.2558.1395.348837,
3.2558.1395.348837,
. 00E00,
.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
i
0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, l. 93E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
11 : SRCNAM = A11
11 : X = 2099.7, 3.2558 1395,348837, .00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60 E-06 |
! END !
12 SRCNAM = A12
º
12
0.00E00,
3. 60E-06
! END !
| X =
=
|
1.93E-05,
:
2187.5,
21 44.2,
3.2558 1395.348837,
3.2558 1395,348837,
.00E00,
.00E00,
0.00E00,
0.00E00,
1.09E-06,
1.09E-06,
O .00E00,
0 .00E00,
l
! END !
14 SRCNAM = A14
14 x = 2135.2, 3.2558.1395.348837, .00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, O .00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60 E-06 |
! END !
1.5 ! SRCNAM = A15
15 X = 2206. 7, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0. 00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0 .00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60 E-06
! END !
1 6 1 SRCNAM = A16
16
0.00E00,
3. 60E-06
! END !
17
X =
|
l. 93E-05,
|
SRCNAM = A17
2265.5, 3.2558.1395,348837, 0 .00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0 .00E00, l
17
0.00E00,
: X =
1.935-05,
2212. 3, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0. 00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, O .00E00, \-
3. 60 E-06 |
! END !
18 SRCNAM = A18
18 X = 7.0, 2291. 3, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0 .00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0 .00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
19 SRCNAM = A19
i
19 X = 7.0, 2178.8, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
20 ! SRCNAM = A20 !
20 ! X = 7.0, 22.97. 4, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60 E-06 |
! END !
21 SRCNAM = A2.1 !
21 | X = 7.0, 2299.4, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3.60 E-06 |
! END !
22 SRCNAM = A22
22 | X = 7.0, 217 6.1, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E–05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
23 SRCNAM = A23
23 X = 7.0, 2403.5, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60 E-06 |
! END !
24 SRCNAM = A24
24 X = 7.0, 2087.0, 3.2558.1395.348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93E-05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
25 ! SRCNAM = A25 |
25 ! X = 7.0, 1847. 4, 3.255.8 1395,348837, 0.00E00, 0.00E00, 1.09E-06, 0.00E00,
0.00E00, 1.93 E–05,
3. 60E-06 |
! END !
Subgroup (14c)
1 ! SRCNAM = A1 |
1 ! XVERT = 165. 644, 165. 644, 166. 390, 166. 390 !
1 ! YVERT = 301. 705, 302.451, 302. 451, 301. 704 |
2 SRCNAM = A2
2 : XVERT = 164. 170, 164. 170, 164. 916, 164.9 16
2 YVERT = 300. 242, 300. 989, 300.989, 300. 242
3 SRCNAM = A3
3 XVERT = 163. 159, 163. 159, 163. 905, 163. 905 !
3 Y VERT = 30l. 353, 302. 100, 302. 100, 301. 353
4 SRCNAM = A4 '
4 XVERT = 1 60.912, 160.912, 161. 658, 161. 658 .
4 YVERT = 300. 813, 301.559, 301.559, 300. 8 13
! END !
SRCNAM = A5 !
XVERT = 159 .558, 159. 558, 160. 304, 160. 304
YVERT = 299. 155,299. 901, 299. 901, 299. 155
SRCNAM = A6 |
XVERT = 1.6l. 741, 1 61. 741, 162. 488, 162. 488
YVERT = 297.896, 298. 642,298. 642, 2.97. 896
i
SRCNAM = A7
XVERT = 15 6.. 991, 15 6. 99 ), 157. 737, 157.737
YVERT = 298. 418, 299. 164,299. 164,298. 418
º
SRCNAM = A8
XVERT = 154. 794, 154. 794, 155. 540, 155. 540
YVERT = 2.98.4 18, 299. 164, 299. 164, 298. 418
SRCNAM = A9 |
XVERT = 155.534, 155 . 534, 156. 281, 156. 281
! END !
10
10
10
! END !
11
11
YVERT = 293. 478, 294. 225, 29.4.225, 293.478
SRCNAM = A10 !
XVERT = 157. 702, 157. 702, 158. 448, 158. 448
YVERT = 293. 420, 294. 166, 294. l 66, 293. 420
SRCNAM = A11 :
XVERT = 158. 104, 158 . 104, 158. 850, 158. 850
li
11 t
YVERT = 289.676,290. 422, 290. 422, 289.676
! END !
12 SRCNAM = A12
12 XVERT = 15 1. 392, 151 . 392, 152. 138, 152. 138
12 YVERT = 289. 920, 290. 666, 290. 666, 289 - 920
! END !
13 SRCNAM = A13 |
13 XVERT = 149.796, 149 . 796, 150. 542, 150. 542
13 YVERT = 295. 540, 296. 28 6, 29 6. 28 6, 295. 539
! END !
14 SRCNAM = A 14 |
14 ! XVERT = 150. 979, 150. 979, 151. 725, 151. 725
14 f YVERT = 296. 873, 297. 619, 297. 619, 296. 873
! END !
15 SRCNAM = A15 !
19 XVERT = 145.595, 145.595, 146. 341, 146. 341
*
15 YVERT = 294.342, 295 - 088,295.088, 294.342
! END !
16 SRCNAM = A16 |
16 ! XVERT = 1 4 3.177, 143. 177, 143. 923, 143. 923
16 YVERT = 2.93. 432, 294. 178, 294. 178, 293. 432
! END !
17 SRCNAM = A17 |
XVERT = 142. 1 38, 142. 138, 142.884, 142.884
YVERT = 296. 698, 2.97. 444, 297. 444, 296. 698
SRCNAM = A18
XVERT = 143. 732, 143. 732, 144. 478, 144.478
YVERT = 297.919, 298. 666, 298. 666, 29.7. 919
SRCNAM = A19 |
XVERT = 14.6.272, 14 6.2 72, 147.018, 147.018
YVERT = 298. 480, 299. 226, 299. 226, 298. 480
SRCNAM = A20 !
XVERT = 140. 221, 140. 221, 140. 968, 140. 968 \-
Y VERT = 297. 697, 298. 444, 298. 444, 297. 697
SRCNAM = A2.1 !
XVERT = 140.217, 140. 217, 140. 963, 1 4 0.963
YVERT = 300. 245, 300. 991, 300. 991, 300. 245
! END !
SRCNAM = A22 |
22 XVERT = 1.37 . 721, 137. 721,
515, 138 .467, 138.467
22 YVERT = 300. 769, 301. 301. 515, 300. 769
l
Subgroup (15c)
Subgroup (16a)
Number of source-species
combinations with variable
emissions scaling factors
provided below in (16c) (NSVLl) De fault: 0 ! NSVL1 = 0 .
ºº
: Subgroup (16b)
ºt
--
|
i b
Data for each source are treated as a separate input subgroup
and therefore must end with an input group terminator.
- --
. -|
-
: Use this subgroup to describe temporal variations in the emission
rates given in 16b. Factors entered multiply the rates in 16b.
t
;
Skip sources here that have constant emissions.
(IVARY)
O =
1 =
Constant
For more elaborate
variation in source parameters, use VOLEMARB. DAT and NVL2 > 0.
\-l
Data for each species are treated as a separate input subgroup
and the refore must end with an input group terminator.
Subgroup (17a)
l
Number of non-gridded receptors (NREC) No default ! NREC 3827
! END !
Subgroup (17b)
d
NON-GRIDDED (DISCRETE) RECEPTOR DATA
i 58
59
60
61
2
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
!
:
|
:
:
X =
X =
X =
x =
X =
X =
X =
X =
X =
X =
X =
x =
X =
X =
204. 367,
205. 773,
207. 178,
198.692,
200. 0.97,
201.502,
202.907,
204. 313,
205. 718,
207. 123,
208.528,
194. 424,
195.829,
197. 234,
186.721,
186.763,
186.806,
188. 354,
188. 396,
188.437,
188.479,
188.522,
188. 564,
188. 607,
188.651,
190.033,
190. 073,
190. 114,
1463.0,
1451 - 0,
1342.0,
1523.0,
1523.0,
1402.0,
1401.0,
1361.0,
1341 - 0,
1340.0,
1340.0,
1451.0,
1460.0,
1518.0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
X
T
le
"U
R
--
!
END !
END !
! END !
! END !
END !
END !
! END !
li
222 : X = 195. 391, 107.067, 1901.0, O. O. : " END !
23 X = 188. 230, 108.672, 1828. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
224 X = 189. 652, 108. 711, 1896. 0, 0.0 END !
225 X = 191.074, 108. 751, 1828. 0, 0.0 END !
226 X = 192.496, 108. 791, 1828. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
227 X = 193.917, 108. 831, 1824.0, 0. 0 | | END !
228 X = 195. 339, 108. 871, 1875. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
229 X = 196. 761, 108.912, 1735. O, 0. 0 | | END !
2 30 X = 18 6. 759, 110. 437, 1832.0, 0.0 END !
23.1 : X = 188. 181, 110. 476, 1895. 0, 0.0 END !
232 x = 189. 602, 110. 515, 1825. 0, 0.0 END !
233 x = 191. 023, 110. 555, 1877.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
234 X = 192.445, 1 10.595, 1959. O, O. O. END !
235 | x = 193.866, 110. 635, 2062. 0, 0.0 END !
236 X = 195. 288, 110.675, 1737. 0, 0.0 END !
237 x = 196. 709, 110. 716, 1713.0, 0.0 END !
238 : X = 186. 710, 112.241, 1828. 0, O. O. END !
239 x = 188. 131, 112. 280, 1876. 0, 0.0 END !
24 O ! X = 189 .552, 112. 319, 1767. O, O. O ! ! END !
241 | X = 190. 973, 112.359, 1869. 0, 0.0 END !
242 : x = 192. 394, 112. 399, 1910. 0, 0.0 END !
243 X = 193.815, 112. 439, 1706. 0, 0.0 END !
24 4 X = 195. 236, 112. 479, 1887. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
245 ' x = 185.240, 114.006, 1803. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
246 X = 18 6. 660, 114. 0.45, 1755.0, O. O. END !
2.47 X = 188.081, 114. 084, 1706. 0, 0.0 END !
248 X = 189 .502, 114. 123, 1855.0, O. O ! ! END !
249 : X = 190. 923, 114. 163, 1913.0, 0.0 END !
250 X = 192. 343, 114.203, 1829.0, 0.0 END !
251 | x 193. 764, 114. 243, 1767. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
252 : X = 195. 184, 114.283, 1706. 0, O. O ! ! END !
253 X = 165.306, 115. 300, 1357. O, O. O. END !
25 4 X = 166. 726, 115. 334, 1645. 0, O. O ! ! END !
25.5 ! X = 168. 146, 115. 369, 1731.0, O. O END !
25 6
257 :
X =
x =
169.5 67,
170.987,
115.404,
115. 440,
1755.0,
1767. O,
O. O
O. O
!
!
! END !
! END !
\-
258 x 172. 408, 115. 475, 17 64.0, O. O ! ! END !
259 x = 173. 828, 115.51 1, 1748.0, O. O. END !
260 ! X = 175. 248, 115. 548, 1798. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
261 X = 176. 669, 115.584, 1789 .0, O. O. : " END !
262 | X = 178.089, 115. 621, 1796.0, O. O. END !
263 X = 179.5.10, 115. 658, 1761.0, O. O. END !
264 X = 180. 930, 115. 696, 1754.0, O. O ! ! END !
2 £5
266
267
X =
X =
X =
182. 350,
183. 771,
185. 191,
115. 734,
115. 772,
115.810,
1772. 0,
1874. 0,
1767. 0,
0.0
O. O.
O. O !
END !
END !
! END !
l
268 186 611, 115. 849, 1706.0, ! END !
269 188 .031, 115. 888, 1691.0, ! END !
270 189. 452, 115. 927, 1852.0, ! END !
271 190. 872, 115. 967, 1676.0, ! END !
272 192 .292, 116. 007, 1828.0, ! END !
273 193 . 713, 116 . 047, 1828.0, ! END !
27.4 195 . 133, 116. 087, 1645.0, ! END !
275 161 .002, 117 .002, 1703.0, ! END !
276 162. 422, 117. 035, 1643.0, ! END !
277 1.63 . 842, 117. 069, 1536.0, ! END !
278 1.65 262, 117 . . 104, 1193.0, ! END !
279 166 .682, 117. 138, 1576.0, ! END !
280 168. 102, 117. 173, 1634.0, ! END !
281 1.69. 522, 117 . 208, 1529.0, ! END !
282 170. 942, 117. 244, 1666.0, ! END !
283 172. 362, 117. 279, 1688. 0, ! END !
284 173. 782, 117. 315, 1670.0, ! END !
285 175 202, 117. 352, 1706. 0, ! END !
286 176. 622, 117 . 388, 1706. 0, ! END !
287 178 .042, 117. 425, 1713.0, ! END !
288 179. 4.62, 117. 4.62, 1706. 0, - ! END !
289 180. 882, 117. 500, 1828.0, ! END !
290 182. 302, 117. 538, 1706. 0, ! END !
291 183 . 722, 117. 576, 1783. 0, ! END !
292 185 . 142, 117. 614, 1767.0, ! END !
2.93 186. 562, 117. 653, 1676.0, ! END !
2.94 187. 982, 117 . 692, 1645.0, ! END !
295 189. 402, 117 . 731, 1645.0, ! END !
296 190 . 822, 117. 771, 1642.0, ! END !
297 192 .241, 117 . 811, 1645 - 0, ! END !
298 193. 661, 117. 851, 1795.0, ! END !
2.99 195 .081, 117. 891, 1706. 0, ! END !
300 160. 959, 118. 806, 1647.0, ! END !
301 162. 379, 118. 839, 1613.0, ! END !
302 1.63 . 799, 118 . 873, 1682.0, ! END !
303 1.65 . 218, 118. 908, 1631.0, ! END !
304 166. 638, 118. 942, 1248. 0, ! END !
305 168 .058, 118. 977, 1461.0, ! END !
306 169 . 477, 119. 012, 1221.0, ! END !
307 170. 897, 119. 048, 1582.0, ! END !
308 172. 317, 119. 083, 1554 - 0, ! END !
309 173 . 736, 119. 119, 1584.0, ! END !
310 175 . 156, 119. 15 6, 1654 - 0, ! END !
3.11 176. 575, 119. 192, 1670. 0, ! END !
312 177. 995, 119 . 229, 1667. 0, ! END !
3.13 179. 415, 119 .266, 1706. 0, ! END !
31.4 180. 834, 119. 304, 1645.0, ! END !
315 182 .254, 119 . 342, 1762.0, ! END !
316 183. 673, 119. 380, 1694.0, ! END !
317 185 .093, 119. 418, 1686.0, ! END !
3.18 18 6. 512, 119. 457, 1686.0, ! END !
187. 932, 119. 496, 1609.0, ! END !
189 . 352, 119 . 535, 1678. 0, ! END !
190 . 771, 119. 574, 1625.0, ! END !
192. 191, 119. 614, 1706. 0, ! END !
193. 610, 119. 654, 1767. 0, ! END !
195. 030, 119. 695, 1645.0, ! END !
163 . 755, 120. 677, 1516.0, ! END !
165. 175, 120. 712, 1476.0, ! END !
166. 594, 120. 746, 1523.0, ! END !
168 .013, 120. 781, 1347.0, ! END !
169. 432, 120 . . 816, 1477.0, ! END !
170 . 852, 120. 851, ll 90.0, ! END !
172 .271, 120. 887, 1317.0, ! END !
173. 690, 120. 923, 1523.0, ! END !
175. 109, 120. 959, 1463.0, ! END !
176. 529, 120. 996, 1639.0, ! END !
177. 948, 121. 0.33, 1611.0, ! END !
179. 367, 121. 070, 1645.0, ! END !
180. 786, 121. 108, 1697.0, ! END !
-
-
169. 298,
170. 716,
126.227,
126.263,
1608.
1645.
! END !
! END !
\-l
395 172. 134, 126. 298, 1584. ! END !
39 6 173. 552, 126. 334, 1287. ! END !
397 174. 970, 126. 371, 1230. ! END !
398 176. 389, 126. 407, 1497. ! END !
399 177.807, 126'. 444, 1478. ! END !
400 179.2 25, 126. 481, 15 62. ! END !
401 180. 643, 106.519, 1535. - ! END !
402 -
182.061, 126. 556, 1525. ! END !
403 183. 479, 1 º 6 . 594, 1523. ! END !
404 184. 897, . 633, 1524. ! END !
405 18 6. 315, . 671, 1524. ! END !
406 187. 733, . 710, 1520. ! END !
407
4.08
4.09 -
189. 151,
190. 569,
191. 987,
. 750,
. 789,
6... 829,
1500.
1523.
1570.
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
410 165.000, 127. 927, 1584. ! END !
411 166. 418, 127. 961, 1552. ! END !
412 167. 835, 127.996, 1540. ! END !
413 169.253, 128.031, 1643. ! END !
41.4 170. 671, 128.066, 1634. ! END !
4.15 172.089, 128. 102, 1585. ! END !
4 16 173. 506, 128. 138, 1553. ! END !
4.17 174.924, 128. 174, 1523. ! END !
4.18 176.342, 128. 211, 1192. ! END !
419 177. 760, 128.248, 1402. ! END !
420 179. 177, 128.285, 1523. ! END !
421 180.595, 128. 322, 1523. ! END !
422 182.013, 128. 360, 1523. ! END !
423 183. 430, 128. 398, 1463. ! END !
424 184.848, 128.436, 1500. ! END !
4.25 186. 266, 128. 475, 1523 ! END !
426 187.684, 128.514, 1493. ! END !
427 189. 101, 128. 553, 1493. ! END !
428 164.956, 129.730, 1677. ! END !
429 166.373, 129.765, 1467. ! END !
430 167.791, 129. 799, 1543. ! END !
431 169. 208, 129. 834, 1560. ! END !
4.32 170. 626, 129. 870, 1579. ! END !
43.3 172.043, 129.905, 1505. ! END !
43.4 173.460, 129.941, 1463. ! END !
435 174.878, 129.978, 1495. ! END !
436 176. 295, 130.014, 1238. -
! END !
437 177.713, 130.051, 1463. ! END !
4.38 179. 130, 130.088, 1341. ! END !
439 180. 547, 130. 126, 1523.
! END !
440 181.965, 130. 163, 1522.
! END !
441 183. 382, 130. 201, 1351.
! END !
4.42 184.799, 130 - 240, 1476.
! END !
443 186. 217, 130.278, 1 4 34
! END !
444 187. 634, 130.317, 1479.
! END !
445 164.912, 131. 534, 1798.
! END !
4.46 166. 329, 131.568, 1584.
! END !
447 167.746, 131. 603, 1495.
! END !
4 48 169. 163, 131.638, 1504.
! END !
4 49 170.581, 131. 673, 1523.
! END !
450 171.998, 131. 709, 1523.
! END !
451 173. 415, 131. 745, 1462.
! END !
452 174.832, 131. 781, 1273.
! END !
453 176. 249, 131.818, 1290.
! END !
45.4 177. 665, 1419.
131.855, ! END !
45.5 179.082, 1510
131. 892, ! END !
456 180. 499, 1176.
131. 929, ! END !
457 181.9 16, 1218.
131. 967, ! END !
458 183.333, 1312.
132.005, ! END ! -
531 -
171. 724, 142. 528, ! END !
532 173. 139, 142. 564, ! END !
:
623 X = 181. 386, 151.800, 1460.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
624
625
626
627
628
629
630 !
!
X
x
x
X =
X =
x =
X =
=
=
=
182.799,
184.212,
185. 625,
187.038,
188 .450,
189. 863,
164. 388,
151. 838,
151. 876,
151. 915,
151. 953,
151.993,
152. 032,
153. 171,
1597. O,
1463.0,
1279.0,
1400.0,
1281.0,
1249. O,
1327.0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
631 | x = 165.801, 153. 205, 1280.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
632 X = 167.213, 153. 240, 1188.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
-
:
X =
X =
x =
X =
X =
X =
X =
179.926,
181.338,
182. 751,
184. 163,
185.576,
186.988,
188. 400,
153.565,
153. 603,
153. 641,
153. 679,
153. 717,
153. 756,
153.795,
1876. 0,
1857.0,
1584.0,
1557.0,
1524.0,
1372.0,
1401.0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
648 X = 189. 813, 153.834, 1280. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
649 : x = 148.810, 154. 615, 1572.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
650 ! X = 164. 345, 154. 974, 1586. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
651 : x = 165. 757, 155.008, 1274.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
652 : X = 167. 169, 155.043, 1226.0, 0.0 ! END !
653 : X = 168. 581, 155.078, 1318. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
654 X = 169.993, 155. 113, 1340.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
655 ! X = 171. 405, 155. 148, 1558. O, 0.0 ! END !
656 ( x = 172.817, 155.184, 1708.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
657 : x = 174.230, 155.220, 1706. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
658 X = 175. 642, 155.257, 1473. 0, 0. 0 | ! END !
659 x = 177.054, 155.293, 1460.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
660 ! X = 178. 466, 155.330, 1764.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
66.1 ! X = 179.878, 155.368, 1771. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
662 | X = 181.290, 155. 405, 1834.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
663 x = 182. 702, 155. 443, 1833.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
664 x = 184. 114, 155.481, 1577. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
665 : x = 185. 526, 155.520, 1392.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
666 ( x = 18 6.938, 155. 559, 1349.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
667 X = 188. 350, 155.598, 1279.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
668 X = 148. 771, 15 6.418, 1502. 0, 0. 0 | ! END !
669 X = 150. 183, 156. 449, 1589.0, 0.0 ! END !
670 : X = 164. 301, 156. 776, 1194.0, 0. 0 | ! END !
67.1 ! X = 165. 713, 15 6.811, 1219 - 0, 0.0 ! END !
672 | X = 167. 124, 156.845, 1420.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
673 X = 168.536, 15 6.880, 1505.0, 0.0 ! END !
674 X = 169.948, 156. 915, 1449.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
67.5 ! X = 171.360, 156.951, 1340.0, 0. 0 | ! END !
676 : x = 172. 772, 15 6.987, 1645. 0, O. O ! ! END !
677 : x = 174. 183, 157. 023, 1649.0, 0.0 ! END !
678 : x = 175. 595, 157.059, 1425 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
679 X = 177.007, 157.096, 1645. 0, 0.0 ! END !
680 X = 178.4 18, 157. 133, 1463.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
681 | x = 179. 830, 157. 170, 1790. 0, O. O. " ! END !
682
683 :
X =
x =
181. 242,
18.2. 654,
157. 208,
157. 246,
1706 - 0,
1793. 0,
0.0
O. O.
! ! END !
! END !
\-
68 4 X = 184.065, 157.284, 1706. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
685 X = 185.477, 157. 32.2, 1484 - 0, O. O. ! END !
68 6 : X = 18 6.889, 157. 361, 1357. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
687 X = 150. 143, 158. 252, 1555.0, O. O. " ! END !
688 X = 164. 257, 158. 579, 1459.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
£89 : x = 165. 669, 158. 613, 1523.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
690 X = 167. 080, 158. 648, 1204 - 0, 0.0 ! END !
69 11
692
69 3
|
x =
X =
X =
168. 491,
169.903,
171.314,
158.683,
158. 718,
158. 753,
1249.0,
1554 - 0,
1535. 0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
694 172.726, 158. 789, 1584.0, ! END !
695 174. 137, 158. 825, 1341.0, ! END !
696 175. 548, 158. 862, 1509.0, ! END !
697 176.960, 158. 898, 1378.0, ! END !
698 178. 371, 158. 935, 1615.0, ! END !
699 179. 782, 158 .973, 1463.0, ! END !
700 181. 194, 159. 010, 1690. 0, ! END !
701 18.2. 605, 159. 048, 1767. 0, ! END !
702 184.016, 159 .086, 1550.0, ! END !
703 185. 428, 159. 125, 1366.0, ! END !
704 151.514, 160 .086, 1553.0, ! END !
705 167.036, 160. 450, 1188.0, ! END !
706 168.447, 160. 485, 1258. 0, ! END !
707 169.858, .520, 1279.0, ! END !
708 171.269, . 556, 1280.0, ! END !
709 17.2. 680, . 592, 1280.0, ! END !
710 174.091, 628, 1381.0, ! END !
711 175.502, 664, 1361.0, ! END !
71.2 176.913, 701, 1584.0, ! END !
713 178. 324, 738, 1483. 0, ! END !
71.4 -
179. 735, 775, 1645 - 0, ! END !
715 181. 146, . 813, 1686.0, ! END !
71.6 182.556, . 850, 1768.0, ! END !
717 183.967, . 889, 1797.0, ! END !
718 185. 378, . 927, 1556.0, ! END !
719 165. 581, . 218, 1194.0, ! END !
720 166.991, . 253, 1219.0, ! END !
721 168. 402, 288, 1523.0, ! END !
722 185. 329, . 729, 1459.0, ! END !
723 93.519, . 185, 1361.0, ! END !
724 94. 950, . 204, 1218.0, ! END !
725 92.064, . 972, 1463.0, ! END !
726 93. 495, . 991, 1286. 0, ! END !
727 92.040, . 778, 1279.0, ! END !
728 90.586, .565, 1385.0, ! END !
29 86.274, . 316, 1911.0, ! END !
730 87.704, . 334, 1920.0, ! END !
731 89.133, . 352, 1651.0, ! END !
732 90. 562, . 371, 1360.0, ! END !
733 86.251, . 122, 1940.0, ! END !
734 87. 680, . 140, 1691.0, ! END !
735 89.109, . 158, 1504.0, ! END !
736 86.229, . 928, 1838.0, ! END !
737 87.657, .946, 1711.0, ! END !
738 89.086, .964, 1401 - 0, ! END !
739 84. 778, . 716, 1874. 0, - ! END !
740 86. 206, 734, 1593.0, ! END !
74.1 87. 634, . 752, 1572.0, ! END !
742 89.063, . 770, 1401.0, ! END !
7.43 81.900, . 487, 1927.0, ! END !
744 83.328, . 504, 1950.0, ! END !
745 84. 756, . 522, 1716.0, ! END !
746 86. 183, . 539, 1645.0, ! END !
747 87.61 1, . 557, 1401 - 0, - ! END !
748 81.878, . 293, 1929.0, ! END !
749 83. 306, . 310, 1714.0, ! END !
750 84. 733, . 327, 1495.0, ! END !
751 86. 161, . 345, 1463.0 ! END !
752 87.588, . 363, 1460.0 ! END !
75.3 80. 430, . 0.81, 1975. 0 ! END !
754 81.857, 098, 1780. 0 ! END !
755 83. 284, . 115, 1670.0, ! END !
75 € 84. 711, . 133, 1523.0, ! END !
757 86. 138, 151, 1463.0, ! END !
7.58 78.982, . 870, 2035.0, ! END !
7.59 80. 408, . 887, 1889.0, ! END !
760 81.835, . 904, 1730.0, ! END !
76.1 83. 2.62, . 921, 1695.0, ! END !
7.62 84. 689, 84. 939, 1706. 0, ! END !
763 86. 115, 84. 956, 146 2.0, ! END !
764 77.534, 86. 660, 213.3.0, ! END !
765 78.961, . 676, 2011. ! END !
766
767
768
769
770
771
80. 387,
81.814,
83. 240,
84. 666,
86.093,
77.514,
. 692,
. 709,
. 727,
. 744,
. 762,
. 465,
1828.
1841.
1744.
1645.
1522.
2072.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
77 9
78. 940,
80.366,
81 .. 792,
83. 218,
84. 644,
86. 070,
77. 494,
. 481,
. 498,
. 515,
. 532,
. 549,
. 567,
. 270,
1869.
1767.
1706.
1720.
1523.
1584.
1950.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
iſ
78.919, . 287, 1830. ! END !
780 80. 345, . 303, 1767. ! END !
78.1 81. 770, . 320, 1730. ! END !
782 83. 196, . 337, 1518. ! END !
783 84. 622, . 355, 1523. ! END !
784 77. 473, .076, 1954 . ! END !
785 78. 898, . 0.92, 1847. ! END !
786 80. 324, . 109, 1767. ! END !
787 81. 749, . 126, 1531. O r ! END !
788 83. 174, . 143, 1584 - 0, ! END !
789 77. 453, . 881, 1889.0, ! END !
790 78.878, . 897, 1828. 0, ! END !
7.91 80. 302, . 914, 1683. 0 ! END !
79.2 81. 727, .931, 1584. 0 ! END !
793 77. 432, . 686, 1889. O ! END !
794 78.857, . 703, 1828. 0 ! END !
795 80.281, . 719, 1584.0, ! END !
796 75.988, . 475, 2035.0, ! END !
797 77. 412, . 491, 1925.0, ! END !
798 78.836, . 508, 1646.0, ! END !
799 ! END !
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
80.260,
75. 968,
77.391,
78.815,
80.239,
74. 524,
75.948,
77.371,
. 524,
. 281,
. 296,
. 313,
. 329,
. 070,
.086,
. . 101,
1641.0,
20.49.0,
1921 - 0
1646.0
1706. 0
2054 - 0
2100.0
1767. 0
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
807 78. 794, . 118, 1706. 0 ! END !
808 74.505, . 875, 2190 - 0 ! END !
809 75.928, 102. 890, 1916. 0 ! END !
8.10 77.351, 102. 906, 1748.0 ! END !
811 78. 774, 102. 923, 1766. 0 ! END !
812 74. 485, 104. 680, 2103.0 ! END !
813 75. 908, 104. 695, 1768. 0, ! END !
814 77.330, 104. 711, 1706. 0, ! END !
815 78. 753, 104. 727, 1744.0, ! END !
816 71. 621, 106. 454, 2022.0, ! END !
81 7 73. 043, 106 . 469, 2182.0, ! END !
818 74. 465, 106. 484, 1861.0, ! END !
819
820
75. 888,
77.310,
106. 500,
106. 5 16,
1710.0,
1692.0,
! END !
! END !
\-l
º 821 68.758, 108. 230, 2119.0, ! END !
22 70. 180, 108 . 244, 2195 - 0, ! END !
823 71.602, 108 . 259, 22.37 - 0, ! END !
824 73. 024, 108 . 274, 2020.0, ! END !
8.25 74. 446, 108 .289, 1767. 0, ! END !
75.867, 108. 305, 1706. 0, ! END !
827 77.289, 108. 321, 1663.0, ! END !
828 68. 740, 110. 0.34, 2072.0, ! END !
829 70. 161, 110. 0.49, 2059.0, ! END !
830 71.583, 110. 0.63, 213.3.0, ! END !
831 73.004, 110. 079, 1887.0, ! END !
8.32 74. 426, 1 10 . 094, 1724.0, ! END !
8.33
834
835
75. 847,
77.269,
68. 722,
110 . 109,
1 10 . 125,
111 . 839,
1749.0,
1657 - 0,
1950. 0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
836 70. 143, 111.853, 2079.0, ! END !
837 71.564, 111.868, 1829.0, ! END !
838 72. 985, 111. 883, 1748.0, ! END !
839 68.704, 113. 643, 213.3.0, ! END !
840 70. 124, 113.658, 2135.0, ! END !
841 71.545, 113. 673, 1896.0, ! END !
842 68. 685, 115.448, 1868. 0, ! END !
843 70. 106, 115.462, 1963.0, ! END !
84.4 71.526, 115.477, 1889.0, ! END !
845 72. 947, 115.492, 1828. 0, ! END !
846 68. 667, 117.252, 2084.0, ! END !
847 70.087, 117.267, 2059.0, ! END !
848 71.507, 117.282, 1879.0, ! END !
849 72. 927, 117. 297, 1879.0, ! END !
850 68. 649, 119.057, 1993. 0, ! END !
85.1 70. 069, 119.071, 2087.0, ! END !
852 71. 488, 119.086, 2011. 0, ! END !
853 72.908, 119. 101, 1859.0, ! END !
854 74.328, 119. 116, 1767. 0, ! END !
85.5 68. 631, 120. 861, 1973.0, ! END !
856 70.050, 120.875, 2011. 0, ! END !
857 71.469, 120. 890, 2011. 0, ! END !
858 72.889, 120. 905, 1828.0, ! END !
859 68. 613, 12.2. 665, 1896.0, ! END !
860 70. 032, 12.2. 680, 1965.0, ! END !
861 71.451, 12.2. 694, 1926.0, ! END !
862 72.869, 122. 709, 1854.0, ! END !
863 65. 758, 124. 441, 1999.0, ! END !
864 67. 176, 124. 455, 1939.0, ! END !
865 68.595, 124. 469, 1972.0, ! END !
866 70.013, 124. 484, 1889.0, ! END !
867 71. 432, 124. 499, 1950. 0, ! END !
868 72.850, 124.514, 1784.0, ! END !
869 65. 740, 126.245, 1922.0, ! END !
870 67. 158, 126. 259, 1835.0, ! END !
871 68.576, 126. 273, 2000.0, ! END !
87.2 69.995, 126.288, 1828. 0, ! END !
873 71 - 4 13, 126.303, 1808.0, ! END !
874 72.831, 126. 318, 1700.0, ! END !
875 65. 723, 128.050, 1792.0, ! END !
87.6 67. 140, 128.063, 2022.0, ! END !
877 68. 558, 128.077, 1802.0, ! END !
878 69. 976, 128.092, 1889.0, ! END !
879 62.871, 129. 827, 2096.0, ! END !
880 64. 288, 1882.0, ! END !
129. 840,
88.1 65. 705, 129.853, 1779.0, ! END !
882 67. 123, 1759.0, ! END !
129.867,
883 68.540, 1811.0, ! END !
129. 881,
884 69.957, 129.896, 1645.0, ! END !
885 62.854, 131. 631, 1937.0, ! END !
886 64. 271, 1808. O, ! END !
131. 644,
887 65. 688, 131.657, 2072.0, ! END !
888 67. 105, 2020.0, ! END !
131. 671,
889 68.522, 1828.0, ! END !
131. 685,
890 69. 939, 1706. 0, ! END !
131.700,
89.1 61. 421, 1950. 0, ! END !
133. 422,
892 2.837, 1767.0, ! END !
133. 434,
89.3 64. 25.4, 1848. 0, ! END !
133. 448,
894 65. 671, 2026.0, ! END !
133. 461,
89.5 67.087, 1828.0, ! END !
133. 475,
896 68. 504, 1774. 0 ! END !
133. 489,
897 69. 920, 1645. 0 ! END !
133. 504,
8.98 58.572, 2121.0 ! END !
135. 200,
899 59.988, 2047.0 ! END !
135. 213,
900 61. 404, 1828.0 ! END !
135.225,
901 62.821, 1784. 0 ! END !
135. 238,
902 64. 237, 1767. 0 ! END !
1 35.252,
90.3 65. 653, ! END !
135. 265, 1864.0,
904 67. 069, ! END !
135.279, 1828.0,
905 68. 486, ! END !
1 35.293, 1768.0,
906 69.902, 135. 307, 1645.0, ! END !
907 . 556, 137.004, 2012. ! END !
908
90.9
910
911
912
913
914
. 972,
. 388,
. 804,
.220,
. 636,
. 052,
. 467,
137.016,
137.029,
137. 042,
137.055,
137. 069,
137.083,
137.097,
1822.
1707.
1821.
1713.
1773.
1615.
1609.
. ! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
915 . 883, 137. 111, 1638. ! END !
916 . 125, 138. 796, 1919. ! END ! -
.
941
94.2
94 3
944
945
946
94.7
.261,
. 677,
. 850,
. 265,
. 680,
.095,
. 510,
14.0. 733,
14.0. 748,
142. 369,
142. 380,
142. 391,
142. 403,
142. 415,
1582.
1533. 0
1971.
1948.
2.194.
21:06.
2043.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
948 .924, 142. 427, 1889. ! END !
949 . 339, 142. 440, 2011. ! END !
950 . 754, 142. 453, 1967. ! END !
951 . 169, 142. 466, 1848. ! END !
952 . 583, 142. 479, 1793. ! END !
95.3 . 998, 142. 493, 1669. ! END !
954 . 413, 142. 507, 1584. ! END !
955 . 828, 142. 522, 1584. ! END !
956 .836, 144. 172, 2262. ! END !
95.7 . 251, 144. 183, 2214. ! END !
958
959
960
96.1
962
96.3
964
. 665,
. 080,
. 494,
. 909,
. 323,
. 737,
. 152,
144.
144.
144.
195,
206,
218,
144. 231,
144. 243,
144. 25 6,
144 .269,
21.90.
2072.
2044.
2130.
2072.0,
1950. 0,
1767. 0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
965 . 566, 144. 283, 1722.0, ! END !
966 . 980, 144. 297, 1637.0, ! END !
! END !
\-
96.7 . 395, 144.311, 1646.0,
96.8 . 822, 145.975, 2241 - 0, ! END !
96.9 236, 145.987, 219.4.0, ! END !
970 . 651, 145.998, 219.4.0, ! END !
97.1 .065, 14 6. 0 1 0, 21 48.0, ! END !
97.2 . 479, 146.022, 2172.0, ! END !
973 . 893, 146.034, 2045.0, ! END !
! END !
974
975
97.6
977
. 307,
. 721,
. 135,
. 549,
146. 047,
146.060,
146.073,
146.086,
1917.0,
1787.0,
1767. 0,
1695 - 0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
978 66.963, 146. 100, 1651.0, ! END !
979 . 377, 146. 114, 1661.0, º ! END !
980 . 808, 147 . 779, 2205. 0, ! END !
98.1 .222, 147. 790, 2185.0, ! END !
982 . 636, 147 801, 213.3.0, ! END !
983 .049, 147 . . 813, 2106. ! END !
984 . 463, 147 . 825, 2012. ! END !
985 . 877, 147 . 837, 1950. ! END !
986 . 290, 147. 850, 1889 ! END !
98.7 . 704, 147. 863, 1821. ! END !
988 . 118, 147 .876, 1706. ! END !
98.9 5.31, 147. 890, 1692. ! END !
990 . 945, 147. 903, 1850. ! END !
991 . 359, 147 . 918, 1757. ! END !
992 . 968, 149. 561, 23.42. ! END !
993 . 381, 149. 571, 2255. ! END !
99.4 794, 149. 582, 21.87 ! END !
995 . 208, 149. 593, 2099. ! END !
99.6 . 621, 149. 605, 1983. ! END !
997 .034, 1 49. 616, 1889. ! END !
998 . 448, 149. 628, 1958. ! END !
999 861, 149. 641, 1892. ! END !
1000 . 274, 149. 653, 1828. ! END !
1001 . 687, 149. 666, 1755. ! END !
1002 . . 101, 149. 679, 1706. ! END !
1003 514, 149. 693, 1773. ! END !
1004 . 927, 149. 707, 1767 ! END !
1005 . 955, 151. 364, 231 6. ! END !
1006 . 367, 151 375, 2.255. ! END !
1007 . 780, 151. 385, 2.194 ! END !
1008 . 193, 151. 396, 21.33 ! END !
1009 . 606, 151. 408, 2068. ! END !
1010 .019, 151. 420, 1990. ! END !
1011 . 432, 151 . 432, 1972. ! END !
1012 . 845, 151 . 444, 1892. ! END !
1013 . 258, 151. 457, 1767. ! END !
1014 . 671, 151. 469, 1767. ! END !
10 15 - 084, 151 . 483, 1758 ! END !
1016 . 496, 151. 496, 1848. ! END !
101.7 . 116, 153. 147, 2533. ! END !
1018 . 529, 153. 157, 2441 . ! END !
101.9 . 941, 153. 167, 21.94. ! END !
1020 . 354, 153. 178, 21.94. ! END !
1021 766, 153. 189, 2.194. ! END !
1022 . 179, 153. 200, 2072. ! END !
102.3 .591, 153 . 21 1, 1967. ! END !
1024 .004, 153. 223, 1876. ! END !
1025 . 416, 153. 235, 1828. ! END !
1026 . 829, 153. 247, 1792. ! END !
102.7 242, 153. 260, 1889. ! END !
1028 . 654, 153. 273, 1868 ! END !
1029 . 067, 153. 286, 1879. ! END !
1030 . 479, 153. 2.99, 1804. ! END !
1.031 . 892, 153. 313, 1767. ! END !
1032 . 516, 154. 960, 2503. ! END !
1033 . 928, 154. 970, 2304. ! END !
1034 . 340, 154. 981, 21 33. ! END !
103.5 752, 154 . 992, 2026. ! END !
1.036 . 165, 155. 003, 1950. ! END !
1037 . 577, 155. 014, 1858. ! END !
1038 . 989, 155. 026, 1862. ! END !
1039 . 401, 155. 038, 1944. ! END !
1040 . . 813, 155. 050, 1889. ! END !
1041 225, 155. 0.63, 1890. ! END !
1042 637, 155. 076, 1835. ! END !
10.43 .050, 155. 089, 1950. ! END !
104.4 4.62, 155. 102, 1702 ! END !
1045 . 874, 155. 116, 1665. ! END !
1046 . 327, 15 6. 784, 2088 . ! END !
104.7 . 738, 15 6. 795, 1949. ! END !
104.8 . 150, 15 6. 806, 1 & 38. ! END !
1049 55.562, 15 6. 817, 1951 - 0 ! END !
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
105.5
1056
56.974,
58. 385,
59.797,
61. 209,
62. 621,
64. 033,
65. 444,
15 6 829,
15 6. 841,
15 6 .853,
15 6.. 866,
15 6. 879,
15 6. 892,
15 6. 905,
1950. 0
1881 - 0
1889. 0
1895 - O
1826.0
1855. 0
1851. 0
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
105.7 49. 901, 158. 576, 223 6. 0 ! END !
1058 51.313, 158. 587, 2047. 0 ! END !
1059 52. 724, 158. 598, 2020. 0 ! END !
1060 54. 136, 158. 609, 2011 - 0 ! END !
1061 55.547, 158. 620, 1958. 0 ! END !
1062 56.959, 158. 632, 1951.0, ! END !
1063 58.370, 158. 644, 1950. 0, ! END !
1064 59. 781, 158 . 656, 1949.0, ! END !
1065 61.193, 158. 669, 1987. 0, ! END !
1066 49.888, 160. 379, 2216.0, ! END !
º
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
51.299,
52. 710,
54. 121,
55.532,
56.943,
58.354,
59.765,
160. 390,
160 . 401,
160. 412,
160 . 423,
160. 435,
160. 447,
160. 459,
2012.
1935.
1952.
1950.
1828. O r
1838.
1767.
.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
1074 61. 176, 160. 472, 1764. ! END !
1075 49.875, 162. 182, 2211 . ! END !
1076 51.286, 162. 193, 2062. ! END !
1077 5.2. 696, 162. 203, 1949. ! END !
1078 54 - 107, 162. 215, 1886. ! END !
1079 55.518, 162. 226, 1889. ! END !
1080 56.928, 162. 238, 1852. ! END !
108.1 58.339, 162. 250, 1889. ! END !
1082 59.750, 162. 262, 1816. ! END !
1083 61. 160, 162. 275, 1767. ! END !
1084 54.093, 164. 017, 1951. ! END !
1085 55. 503, 164. 029, 1950. ! END !
1086 381. 134, 3.08. 894, 3290. ! END !
1087 378. 271, 3.10. 531, 3.195.0, ! END !
1088 379. 651, 3.10. 610, 3048.0, ! END !
1089 381.031, 3.10. 689, 3239.0, ! END !
1090 382.4 10, 3.10. 769, 3270.0, ! END !
1091 378. 169, 312. 327, 3.230.0, ! END !
1092 379.5.48, 312. 406, 2873.0, ! END !
1093 380. 927, 3.12. 485, 3215 - 0, ! END !
109.4 382. 307, 312. 564, 3.230.0, ! END !
1095 378.066, 3.14. 122, 3089.0, ! END !
1096 379. 445, 3.14. 201, 2804 - 0, ! END !
1097 380. 824, 3.14. 280, 3.108.0, ! END !
1098 382. 203, 3.14. 360, 3217.0, ! END !
109.9 383.582, 3.14. 439, 323 6.0, ! END !
1100 37 6.585, 3.15. 839, 3051.0, ! END !
1 101 377. 964, 3.15. 918, 2845. 0, ! END !
1102 379.342, 3.15. 997, 2752.0, ! END !
1 1 03 380. 721, 3.16. 076, 2682.0, ! END !
1 104 382. 100, 3.16. 155, 30 62.0, ! END !
1 105 383 .478, 3.16. 235, 2929.0, ! END !
1 106 384.857, 3.16. 315, 2.944 - 0, ! END !
1107 386. 235, 3.16. 395, 2898. 0, ! END !
1108
1 109
387. 614,
388.992,
3.16. 476,
3.16. 556,
3.108.0,
3.193.0,
! END !
! END !
\-
1110 390. 371, 3.16. 638, 3.230.0, ! END !
1111 391. 749, 3.16. 719, 2865. 0, ! END !
1112 393. 128, 3.16. 801, 276.1.0, ! END !
1
1113 394. 506, 3.16. 883, 3159.0, ! END !
11114 3.16. 965, 297 6.0, ! END !
395.885,
115 397.263, 3.17. 047, 2741.0, ! END !
1116 400.020, 3.17. 213, 3445. 0, ! END !
1 117
118
1119
401. 398,
369.591,
370. 969,
3.17. 297,
3.17. 247,
3.17. 324,
3474.0,
24.07.0,
25 42.0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
1120 372. 3.48, 317. 401, 2649. ! END !
1121 373 . 726, 317. 479, 2634. ! END !
1122 375. 105, 317. 557, 2654. ! END !
1123 376. 483, 317. 635, 24.99. ! END !
1124 377. 861, 3.17. 713, 26.40. ! END !
1125 379. 239, 317.792, 3083. ! END !
1126 380. 618, 317.871, 3.230. ! END !
1127 381. 996, 317.95:1, 3.108. ! END !
1128 383. 374, 318 . 030, 3098. ! END !
1129 38.4. 752, 3.18. 110, 3027. ! END !
1130 386. 131, 318. 190, 2865. ! END !
1131 387. 509, 3.18.271, 31 68. ! END !
1132 388. 887, 3.18. 352, 3.230. ! END !
1133 390. 265, 3.18.433, 3112 ! END !
1134 391 . 643, 318.514, 281 6. ! END !
1135 393. 021, 318.596, 3.291. ! END !
1136 394. 399, 318 . 678, 33.19. - ! END !
11.37 395. 778, 318. 760, 3388. ! END !
1138 397. 156, 3.18.843, 3080. ! END !
1139 398. 534, 3.18.925, 3001. ! END !
1140 3.99. 912, 3.19.008, 3428. ! END !
1141 401. 290, 319.092, 3495. ! END !
1142 402. 668, 319. 176, 34 13. ! END !
11 4 3 370. 869, 319. 119, 31 68 ! END !
1144 37.2 .247, 319. 196, 31 69. ! END !
1145 373. 625, 319.274, 2833. ! END !
114.6 375. 003, 319. 352, 2804. ! END !
1147 376. 381, 3.19. 430, 32.13. ! END !
1 148 377. 759, 3.19.509, 31 69. - ! END !
11 49 379. 137, 3.19.587, 2969. ! END !
1150 380. 514, 3.19.667, 2922. ! END !
1151 381. 892, 319.746, 3068. ! END !
115.2 383. 270, 3.19.825, 3092 ! END !
1153 38.4. 648, 319.905, 2804. ! END !
1154 386. 026, 319.986, 31 69. ! END !
1155 38 7. 404, 320.066, 3225. ! END !
115 6 388. 781, 320. 147, 3.214. ! END !
1157 390. 159, 320. 228, 3.217. ! END !
1158 391 . 537, 320. 309, 3190. ! END !
1159 392. 915, 320.391, 3306. ! END !
1160 394. 292, 320. 473, 3351. ! END !
116.1 395. 670, 320. 555, 3.385. ! END !
1162 397. 048, 320. 638, 3027 . ! END !
1163 398 . 426, 320. 720, 3.322. ! END !
1164 3.99. 803, 320.803, 35.4 6. ! END !
1165 401. 181, 320.887, 3.492. ! END !
11 66 402. 558, 320. 970, 34 13. ! END !
1167 403. 936, 321.054, 3,383 . ! END !
11 68 37.2 . 146, 320. 992, 3227. ! END !
11 69 373. 524, 321. 069, 3048. ! END !
1170 374. 901, 321. 147, 2736. ! END !
1171 376. 279, 321. 226, 2792. ! END !
1172 377. 656, 321. 304, 2804. ! END !
1173 379. 0.34, 321. 383, 3203. ! END !
1174 380. 411, 321. 4.62, 3261. ! END !
11.75 381 . 789, 321.541, 3233. ! END !
1176 383 . 166, 321. 621, 33.43. ! END !
1177 38.4. 544, 321. 701, 2960. ! END !
11.78 385. 921, 321. 781, 2804. ! END !
1179 387 . 299, 321.861, 2865. ! END !
1 180 388 . 676, 21.942, 308.1 ! END !
1181 390. 053, 322. 023, 3306. ! END !
1182 391. 431, 322. 104, 33.37. ! END !
1 183 392. 808, 322. 186, 3350. ! END !
1184 394 . 186, . 268, 34 11 ! END !
118.5 395. 563, 322. 350, 3352 ! END !
1186 396. 940, 322. 433, 32.90. ! END !
1187 398. 318, 322.515, 34.73. ! END
118.8 39 & . 695, 322. 598, 3377. ! END !
118, 9 401 .072, 22.682, 34 03. ! END !
1 190 402. 449, 322. 765, 32.10. ! END !
º 1.191 372. 0.45, 322. 787, 3268.0, ! END !
Tº
**
T
-
1.192
119.3
1194
11.95
1196
1197
11.98
373. 422,
374. 799,
37 6.177,
377.554,
378.931,
380 .308,
381.685,
3.22. 865,
322. 943,
323. 021,
323.099,
323. 178,
323. 257,
323. 336,
3286.0,
3158. 0,
3190.0,
3.230.0,
3.188. O,
31.87.0,
3327.0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
º 11.99 383.062, 323. 416, 3353.0, ! END !
º 1200 384. 439, 323. 496, 3053.0, ! END !
º 120.1 385. 817, 323.576, 3238.0, ! END !
1202 387. 194, 323.656, 3251.0, ! END !
º 1203 388. 571, 323. 737, 3215.0, ! END !
-- 1204 389.948, 323. 818, 2926.0, ! END !
... 1205 391. 325, 323. 899, 3352.0, ! END !
1206 392. 702, 323.981, 338.4.0, ! END !
1207 394.079, 3.24.063, 34 50.0, ! END !
- 1208 395. 456, 324. 145, 3418.0, ! END !
Tº
-
º:
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
396. 833,
398. 209,
370. 567,
371. 944,
373.321,
374. 698,
376.075,
324.228,
324 .310,
324. 505,
3.24.583,
324 - 660,
324. 738,
324.816,
3496.0,
34 13.0,
3.295.0,
3261.0,
3229.0,
3291.0,
3274.0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
1216 377. 451, 324. 895, 3261.0, ! END !
1217 378. 828, 324. 973, 3291.0, ! END !
1218 380. 205, 325. 052, 3362. 0, ! END !
12.19 381.582, 3.25. 131, 3291.0, ! END !
1220 382. 958, 325 - 21 1, 3284.0, ! END !
1221 384.335, 325.291, 3231 - 0, ! END !
1222 385.712, 3.25. 371, 3352.0, ! END !
1223 387.089, 3.25. 451, 3353.0, ! END !
1224 388. 465, 3.25.532, 3.250.0, ! END !
1225 389. 842, 325 - 613, 3247.0, ! END !
1226 391. 218, 325. 694, 3126.0, ! END !
* 1227 392. 595, 325. 776, 3169.0, ! END !
1228 393. 972, 325.858, 330.4.0, ! END !
1229 395. 348, 325.940, 3428. 0, ! END !
1230 396. 725, 326. 023, 3596.0, ! END !
1231 398. 101, 326. 105, 3.460.0, ! END !
1232 399. 478, 326. 188, 345 3.0, ! END !
1233 400. 854, 3.26. 272, 3535.0, ! END !
1234 402. 231, 326. 355, 32.77.0, ! END !
1235 403. 607, 326. 439, 305 6.0, ! END !
º 1236 370. 467, 3.26. 301, 3.273. 0, ! END !
w 1237 371.843, 326. 378, 3029 .0, ! END !
1238 373. 220, 326. 455, 3177.0, ! END !
* 1239 374. 596, 326. 533, 3192.0, ! END !
1240 375. 972, 3.26. 611, 3229.0, ! END !
1241 377. 349, 326. 690, 3291.0, ! END !
1242 378. 725, 326. 768, 3139.0, ! END !
1243 380. 102, 326. 847, 2885.0, ! END !
1244 381. 478, 326. 927, 2864 - 0, ! END !
1245 382. 854, 327.006, 3.19.4.0, ! END !
L. 124 6 384. 231, 327.086, 3.230.0, ! END !
1247 385. 607, 327. 166, 332 3.0, ! END !
E 1248 386.983, 327. 247, 3359.0, ! END !
1249 388. 360, 27. 327, 333 6.0, ! END !
º 1250
1251
389.736,
391. 112,
327.408,
327. 489,
3339.0,
34.70.0,
! END !
! END !
\-
L. 1252 392.489, 3384 - 0, ! END !
327. 571,
1253 393. 865, 327. 653, 34 62.0, ! END !
Lºs 1254 395. 241, 327. 735, 3426.0, ! END !
1255 396. 617, 3.27.817, 3596. 0, ! END !
125 6 39.7. 993, 327. 900, 3291.0, ! END !
1257 329 4.0, ! END !
3.99.370, 327.983,
1258 400. 746, 328.066, 3099.0, ! END !
ſº
1259
º
402. 122,
403. 498,
404 .874,
328. 150,
328. 234,
328. 318,
297 6.0,
28 64.0,
2865.0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
1262 406. 250, 328. 402, 2807. ! END !
1263 3.68 . 990, 328.019, 31 69. ! END !
1264
1265
370. 3.66,
371. 742,
328.096,
328. 173,
3.121.
3.108.
. ! END !
! END !
1266 373. 118, 328. 251, 2843. .. ! END !
1267 374. 494, 328. 328, 308 6. 0, ! END !
1268 375 . 870, 328. 406, 3,125. r ! END !
1269 377 . 246, 328. 485, 2770. ! END !
1270 378 . 623, 328. 563, 271 7. ! END !
1271 379. 999, 328. 642, 2962. ! END !
1272 381. 375, 328. 722, 3268. ! END !
1273 382. 751, 328. 801, 34 09. ! END !
1274 38 4. 127, 328.881, 3361. ! END !
1275 385 . 502, 328.961, 3355. ! END !
1276 38 6. 878, 329. 041, 33.14. ! END !
1277 388 . 254, 3.29. 122, 3,326. ! END !
1278 389. 630, 329.203, 3 371. ! END !
1279 391 . 006, 329.284, 3348. ! END !
1280 392 . 382, 329. 366, 34 08. ! END !
1281 393. 758, 3.29. 448, 3208. ! END !
1282 395. 134, 3.29.530, 3360. ! END !
1283 39 6. 510, 329. 612, 3532. ! END !
1284 397. 885, 3.29. 695, 3.372. ! END !
1285 399 . 261, 329. 778, 3.195. ! END !
1286 400. 637, 29. 861, 3169. ! END !
1287 402. 013, 3.29.945, 3.159. ! END !
1288 403 . 388, 330.028, 315 6. ! END !
1289 404. 764, 330. 113, 3048. ! END !
1290 367 . 514, 329.737, 30 1 0. 0 ! END !
1291 377. 144, 330. 280, 2596. 0, ! END !
1292 378. 520, 330.359, 3002. ! END !
1293 37 9 . 895, 330. 437, 3.397. . ! END !
1294 381 .271, 330.517, 3.359. ! END !
1295 382. 647, 330.596, 31 18. ! END !
1296 384. 022, 330. 676, 3291. ! END !
1297 385. 398, 330. 756, 34 00. ! END !
1298 38 6. 773, 330.836, 2956. ! END !
1299 388. 149, 330.917, 3035. ! END !
1300 38 9. 524, 330.998, 3360. ! END !
1301 390. 900, 33 1.079, 34 11. ! END !
1302 392 275, 331. 161, 3004. ! END !
1303 393 .651, 3.31.243, 33 12. ! END !
1304 395. 026, 331. 325, 34 13. ! END !
1305 39 6 . 402, 33 1. 407, 3534. ! END !
1306 397. 777, 33 1. 490, 35.01 . O r ! END !
1307 3.99. 153, 3.31.573, 35.45.0, ! END !
1308 400 . 528, 331.656, 3657. O, ! END !
1309 401. 903, 3.31.739, 3284.0, ! END !
1310 403 .279, 3.31.823, 3137.0, ! END !
1311 404. 654, 3.31. 907, 3.120.0, ! END !
1312 377. 042, 332.075, 264 3.0, ! END !
1313 378 . 4 17, 3.32. 154, 2875. 0, ! END !
1314 379. 792, 332.232, 2920.0, ! END !
1315 381 . 167, 3.32. 312, 2884.0, ! END !
1316 382. 543, 332. 391, 3030.0, ! END !
1317 383 . 918, 3.32. 471, 3 418. 0, ! END !
1318 385 . 293, 332.551, 34 17. O ! END !
1319 38 6. 668, 3.32. 631, 2894.0, ! END !
1320 388. 0.43, 3.32. 712, 2987. O, ! END !
1321 389. 419, 332.793, 3.323.0, ! END !
1322 390. 794, 3.32.874, 3011. 0, ! END !
1323 392. 169, 332.956, 2980.0, ! END !
1324 39 3. 544, 333.037, 319 6.0, ! END !
1. 325 39 4. 919, 333. 119, 31 62.0, ! END !
1326 39 6. 294, 333.202, 3430.0, ! END !
1327 397 . 669, 333.284, 3474.0, ! END !
1328 399. 04:4, 333.367, 3483.0, ! END !
1329 400. 419, 333. 450, 3484.0, ! END !
1330 401 . . 794, 333.534, 3238.0, ! END !
1331 403. 169, 333. 618, 3242.0, ! END !
1332 4.04 . 544, 333. 702, 3306.0, ! END !
>
TU
TU
1333 x = 376. 939, 333. 870, 2597.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! T
1334 X = 378. 314, 333.948, 2714.0, 0.0 END ! 2
1335 ! X = 379. 689, 334.027, 2857.0, 0.0 END ! S.
1336 x = 381. 0.64, 334. 107, 2987. O, 0.0 ! ! END ! X
1337 X = 382. 439, 334 - 186, 3.16.1.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! T
1338 X = 383 . 814, 334 .266, 3.420.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
ºº:
1339 x = 385. 188, 334.346, 3.217.0, 0.0 END !
1340 ! X = 386. 563, 334. 426, 304 7.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1341 | X = 387.938, 334.507, 280.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1342 | X = 389. 313, 334.588, 3249.0, 0.0 END !
1343 X = 393. 437, 334.832, 3071.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! º
1.34 4 X = 394.812, 334.914, 3399.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1345 ! X = 396. 187, 334.996, 35.09.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1346 ( x = 39.7. 561, 335.079, 3437.0, 0. 0 | | END !
1347 ( x = 398.936, 3.35. 162, 3292.0, 0.0 END ! X
1348 X = 400. 311, 335.245, 3439.0, 0.0 END ! "U
1349 X = 401. 685, 335. 329, 3474.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! R
1350 ! X = 403.060, 3.35. 412, 3565.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! 2
1351 | X = 404. 4 34, 335. 496, 3594.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! U
1352 : X = 405. 809, 335. 581, 3622.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! S&
1353 : X = 379.586, 335.822, 30 12.0, 0.0 END !
1354 X = 380. 960, 335. 901, 3190.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! St
1355 ! X = 382. 335, 335.981, 3353.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1356 ( x = 383. 709, 336.061, 3139.0, 0.0 END !
1.357 : x = 385.084, 336. 141, 3048. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1358 X = 386. 458, 336. 221, 3028.0, 0. 0 | | END !
1359 : x = 387. 833, 336. 301, 2696. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1360 ! X = 389. 207, 336. 382, 2743.0, 0.0 END !
1361 | x = 390. 581, 336.463, 29 12.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
13 62 | X = 391.956, 336. 545, 3046.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
1363 X = 393. 330, 336. 627, 3.17.0.0, 0.0 END !
1364 X = 394. 705, 336. 709, 3342.0, 0.0 END ! X
1365 ! X = 396.079, 336. 791, 3510.0, 0.0 END ! Š
136 6 1 X = 397. 453, 336.874, 3494.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! In
1367 X = 398. 827, 33 6.956, 3231.0, 0.0 END ! >
1368 X = 4.01 . 576, 337. 123, 3.21.1.0, 0.0 END ! U
1369 X = 402. 950, 337. 207, 3,320.0, 0.0 END ! S&
1370 : X = 404. 324, 337.291, 345.4.0, 0.0 END ! 2
137.1 ! X = 382. 231, 337. 776, 31 70.0, 0.0 END !
1372 | X = 383. 605, 337. 855, 295 6.0, 0.0 END !
1373 X = 384. 979, 337.935, 2851.0, O. O. END !
1374 : X 389. 101, 338.177, 2.975. O, 0.0 END !
1375 X = 390. 475, 338.258, 3127.0, 0. 0 | | END !
1376 : X = 391 . 849, 338. 340, 3.182.0, 0.0 END ! <!
1377 : x = 393. 223, 338. 421, 31 63.0, 0. 0 | | END !
1378 : X = 394. 597, 338. 503, 334 7.0, O. O. END !
1379 : X = 395.971, 338.586, 35 36.0, O. O. END !
1380 ! X = 397. 345, 338. 668, 3.351.0, O. O. END ! X
1 38.1 ! X = 398. 719, 338. 751, 3475.0, O. O. END ! TU
1382 | X = 400. 0.93, 338. 834, 3475.0, O. O. : " END ! TU
1383 X = 386. 248, 339.8.10, 285.4.0, O. O. END ! In
1384 X = 387. 622, 339. 891, 29.40.0, 0.0 END ! >
1385 ! x = 388.995, 339.972, 3083.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! Sº
1386 X = 390. 369, 34 0.053, 3.217.0, O. O ! ! END ! ×
1387 X 391. 743, 340. 134, 35 67.0, O. O END ! O
1388 X = 393. 116, 34 0.216, 3530.0, 0.0 END !
1389 : X = 394. 490, 340.298, 357 6.0, 0.0 END !
1390 ! X = 395.864, 34 0.380, 3261 - 0, 0.0 END !
1391 | x = 397. 237, 340.463, 3239.0, 0.0 END !
1392
1 393
|
|
X =
X =
398. 611,
3.99.984,
340. 545,
340. 629,
3477.0,
3596.0,
O. O.
O. O.
:
:
" END !
" END !
\-
1394 X = 401. 358, 340. 712, 324.5.0, 0.0 END !
1 395 ! X = 402. 731, 340. 796, 328 1.0, O. O. : " END !
13 a 6 X = 386. 143, 341 .. 605, 2900.0, 0.0 END !
1397 : x = 387. 516, 341 .. 685, 3057.0, O. O. : " END ! N.
1398 : X = 388. 890, 341 .766, 31 61.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! TU
1399 : X = 390.263, 341 .. 847, 3292.0, O. O. END ! SU
1 400 ! X = 391 . 636, 3.41.929, 3139 - 0, 0.0 END ! ſ
1 4 0.1 ! X = 393. O09, 342.010, 3233.0, O. O ! ! END ! U
1 4 02 | X = 394.383, 342.092, 3.250.0, 0.0 END ! S&
1 4 03 X = 395. 756, 342. 175, 3.17.0.0, O. O ! ! END ! >
1404 397. 129, 342. 257, 3227 .0, ! END !
1405 398. 502, 342. 340, 3.486. ! END !
1406 3.99. 875, 342. 423, 3414. ! END !
1407 401. 249, 342. 506, 3.351. ! END !
1408 402. 622, 342. 590, 34 15. ! END !
1409 387. 411, 343. 480, 3052. ! END !
1410 388. 784, 343. 561, 31 67. ! END !
1411 390. 157, 3.43. 642, 3236. ! END !
1412 391. 530, 3.43. 723, 31 18. ! END !
1413 392. 903, 3.43. 805, 3048. ! END !
1414 394. 275, 343. 887, 3170. ! END !
1415 395. 648, 343. 969, 2983. ! END !
1416 397. 021, 3.44. 051, 3282. ! END !
1417 398. 394, 344. 134, 3597. ! END !
1418 3.99. 767, 344. 217, 3.591. ! END !
1419 401. 139, 3.44. 301, 3505. ! END !
1420 402. 512, 344. 384, 3506. ! END !
1421 388. 678, 3.45. 355, 3.130. ! END !
1422 390 . 051, 345 . 436, 3044. ! END !
1423 391 . 423, 345. 518, 30.14 ! END !
1424 392 . 796, 3.45. 599, 29 43. ! END !
1425 394. 168, 345 . 681, 2.959. ! END !
1426 395. 541, 345. 763, 32.10. ! END !
1427 396. 913, 345. 846, 325 6. ! END !
1428 398. 286, 3.45. 929, 3.397. ! END !
1429 3.99. 658, 346. 012, 3378. ! END !
1 4 30 4.01 . 030, 346 .095, 3289. ! END !
1431 402 . 403, 346. 179, 3414. ! END !
1 4 32 392. 689, 34 7. 394, 2878. ! END !
1 4 33 394. 0.61, 347 . 475, 3081. ! END !
1 4 34 395. 4.33, 3.47. 558, 3303. ! END
1435 398. 177, 34 7. 723, 3.323. ! END !
1 4 36 399 . 549, 34 7. 806, 31 63. ! END !
1 4 37 400. 921, 3.47. 889, 3.327. ! END !
1438 398 . 069, 349. 517, 3.142. ! END !
1439 3.99. 440, 349. 600, 3100.
! END !
1440 400. 812, 349. 683, 31 70. ! END !
1441 4.42 . 406, 100 . 516, 2809.
! END !
1442 443. 830, 100. 608, 3169.
! END !
1443 4 40 . 866, 102 . 226, 28 04.
! END !
1444 4.42 .289, 102 . 318, 285.4 .
! END !
1445 443. 713, 102. 410, 3.369.
! END !
1446 445 . 136, 102 .502, 34 02.
! END !
1447 44 6. 559, 102. 595, 3.34 4.
! END !
1448 440. 750, 104. 027, 2.997
! END !
1449 442. 173, 104. 119, 3263.
! END !
1 450 443. 596, 104 . 212, 34 13.
! END !
1451 445. 018, 104 . 304, 34 13.
1452 ! END !
446. 441, 104. 397, 3383.
1453 ! END !
447 . 864, 104. 490, 32.81.
145.4 ! END !
439 .212, 105. 738, 3.423.
145.5 4 40. 634, ! END !
105. 829, 3353.
1456 ! END !
442. 056, 105. 921, 3048.
1457 443. 479, ! END !
106. 013, 3350.
1458 4 47 . 746, ! END !
106. 291, 3.420.
1459 449. 168, 106. 385, ! END !
3.657.
1460 437. 674, 107. 4 48, ! END !
3.535.
1461 439 .096, 107 . 539, ! END !
34.70.
1462 4 40. 518, 107. 631, ! END !
3352.
1463 441 . 940, 107. 723, ! END !
3.333
1464 443. 362, 107. 815, ! END !
3.435.
1 4 65 444. 784, 107. 907, ! END !
3611 .
1466 446. 206, 108 .000, ! END !
36 68.
1467 447. 628, 108. 093, ! END !
35.30
1468 449. 0.50, 108 . 186, 36 62. ! END !
1 4 69 450. 471, 108 . 280, 3718. ! END !
1470 436. 137, 109 . 159, ! END !
35 61.
1 471 437. 558, 109. 250, 3596. ! END !
1472 4.38 . 980, 109 . 341, 35 4 3. ! END !
1473 4 40. 402, 109. 432, 34 77. ! END !
1474 441 . 823, 109. 524, ! END !
34.66. ! END !
1475 443. 245, 109. 616, ! END !
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
444.
446.
447.
666,
088,
510,
4 48. 931,
450. 353,
4 37. 443,
438. 864,
109. 709,
109. 801,
109. 894,
109. 988,
110. 0.81,
111. 051,
111. 142,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
1483 4 40. 285, 111. 234, ! END !
1484 4.41. 707, 111. 326, ! END !
1485 443. 128, 111. 418, ! END !
1486 444. 549, 111. 5 10, ! END !
1487 4 45. 970, 111. 603, ! END !
1488 447. 392, 111. 696, ! END !
1489 4 48. 813, 111. 789, ! END !
1490 450. 234, 111. 883, ! END !
1491 451. 655, 111. 976, ! END !
1492 4 37. 327, 112. 853, ! END !
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1 498
1499
438. 748,
4 40. 169,
441 . 590,
443. 0 1 1,
444. 432,
4 45. 853,
447. 274,
112. 944,
113. 035,
113. 127,
113. 219,
113 . 311,
113. 404,
113. 497,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
1500 4 48. 694, 113. 590, ! END !
1501 450 . 115, 113. 684, ! END !
1502 411. 639, 113. 0.64, ! END !
1503 4 13. 060, 113. 150, ! END !
1504 4.14. 481, 113. 236, ! END !
1505 435. 792, 114. 563, ! END !
1506 437. 212, 114. 654, ! END !
1507 4.38 . 633, 114. 745, ! END !
1508 440. 053, 114. 837, ! END !
1509 441 . 474, 114. 928, ! END !
1510 4 42. 894, 115. 020, ! END !
1511 44 4. 315, 115. 113, ! END !
15 12 445. 735, 115. 205, ! END !
1513 447. 156, 115. 298, ! END !
1514 4 48 . 576, 115 . 392, ! END !
1515 411. 530, 114. 866, ! END !
1516 412. 951, 114. 951, ! END !
1517 4.14. 371, 115. 038, ! END !
1518 415. 792, 115. 124, ! END !
1519 4.17 . 212, 115. 211, ! END !
1520 4.18 . 633, 115. 298, ! END !
1521 420. 053, 115. 385, ! END !
1522 421. 474, 115. 473, ! END !
1523 422. 894, 115. 560, ! END !
1524 24 . 314, 115. 649, r
! END !
42
. 202,
. 622,
117. 362,
117. 450,
117. 538,
37.83.0,
3799. O,
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
1546 427.042, 117. 627, 3551.0, ! END !
1547 428.462, 117. 716, 3.454.0, ! END !
1548 429.882, 117.806, 3535.0, ! END !
1549 431. 302, 117.895, 3.945.0, ! END !
1550 432. 722, 117. 985, 3539.0, ! END !
1551 434. 142, 118.075, 3581.0, ! END !
1552 435. 561, 118. 166, 34 13.0, ! END !
1553 436.981, 118.257, 3.29.1.0, ! END !
1554 438. 401, 118. 348, 3222.0, ! END !
1555 439.821, 118.439, 3657.0, ! END !
1556 44.1.241, 118.531, 3585.0, ! END !
1557 411. 313, 118.469, 3200.0, ! END !
1558 412. 733, 118.555, 3268.0 ! END !
1559 414. 153, 118. 641, 345 6.0 ! END !
15 60 415.572, 118.727, 34 89.0, ! END !
15 61 4 16.992, 118.814, 3452.0, ! END !
15 62 418.412, 118.901, 3625.0, ! END !
15 63 419. 831, 118.988, 3525.0, ! END !
1564 421.251, 119.076, 31 68.0, ! END !
1565 422.671, 119. 163, 3.48 4.0 ! END !
1566 424. 0.90, 119.251, 38 68.0, ! END !
1567 425. 510, 119.340, 3657.0, ! END !
15 68 426.929, 119. 429, 3596.0, ! END !
1569 428. 349, 119.518, 334.7.0, ! END !
1570 429. 768, 119. 607, 381.1.0, ! END !
1571 431. 188, 119. 697, 4 104.0, ! END !
1572 432.608, 119.786, 4221.0, ! END !
1573 434.027, 119.877, 4023.0, ! END !
1574 435. 446, 119.967, 3884.0, ! END !
1575 436.866, 120.058, 3752.0, ! END !
1576 438. 285, 120. 149, 3169.0, ! END !
1577 439. 705, 120.240, 3474.0, ! END !
1578 44.1. 124, 120. 332, 3352.0, ! END !
1579 411. 204, 120.271, 3265.0, ! END !
1580 412. 624, 120 .356, 3289.0, ! END !
1581 4 14.0.4.3, 120. 442, 3214.0, ! END !
1582 415.463, 120.529, 3.18.1.0, ! END !
1583 416.882, 120. 615, 3395.0, ! END !
1584 418. 301, 120.702, 3.432.0, ! END !
1585 419.720, 120.789, 3342.0, ! END !
1586 421. 140, 120.877, 306.7.0, ! END !
1587 422. 559, 120. 965, 34 0.7.0,
! END !
1588 423.978, 121.053, 3620.0, ! END !
1589 425. 397, 121. 141, 3450.0,
1590 ! END !
426.817, 121. 230, 32.37 - 0 -
1591 ! END !
428.236, 121.319, 3.653. 0
1 5 92 ! END !
429. 655, 121.408, 3834 - 0
1593 ! END !
431.074, 121.498, 3.910. 0
1594 ! END !
432. 493, 121.588, 38.33. 0
1995 ! END !
433 - 912, 121. 678, 3477.0,
1596 435. 331, ! END !
121. 768, 3519.0,
1597 436. 751, ! END !
121.859, 33.62.0,
1598 438. 170, ! END !
121.950, 3345.0,
1599 439.589, ! END !
122.041, 3.188.0,
1600 4 41.008, ! END !
122. 133, 3551.0,
1601 4 13.934, ! END !
122.244, 31 66.0,
1602 415. 353, ! END !
122. 330, 3037. 0,
1603 416. 772, ! END !
122. 417, 3068. 0,
1604 418. 191, ! END !
122. 504, 3174.0,
1605 419. 610, 122.591, ! END !
29. 17.0,
1606 421.028, 12.2. 678, ! END !
31 79.0,
1607 422. 447, 122.766, ! END !
3.39.1.0,
1608 423. 866, ! END !
22.854, 3414.0,
1609 428. 123, 123. 120, 35 35.0,
! END !
-
*
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
28. 782,
431. 578,
421. 681,
423. O78,
424. 476,
425. 873,
427. 270,
224 .330,
224.509,
225. 685,
225. 773,
225.861,
225.950,
226.038,
34 13.
3510.
3.14 6.
3.657.
4023.
3779.
38 40.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
1642 428. 668, 226. 127, 3718. ! END !
1643 430 . 0.65, 226. 217, 34.62. ! END !
1644 431. 4.62, 226. 307, 3928. ! END !
1645 418. 774, 227 .308, 33.22. ! END !
1646 420. 171, 227 .395, 3759. ! END !
1647 421 .5 68, 227. 483, 34 65. ! END !
1648 422. 965, 227. 570, 34 06. ! END !
1649 424 . 362, 227. 659, 3596. ! END !
1650 425. 759, 227.747, 3819. ! END !
1651 427 . 156, 227.836, 37.79. ! END !
1652 428. 553, 227.925, 3703. ! END !
1653 429. 950, 228. 014, 39.62 ! END !
1654 4 31. 3:47, 228. 104, 3719. ! END !
1655 415. 868, 228. 932, 3622. ! END !
1656 4.17 . 265, 229.018, 31 69. ! END !
1657 4.18. 661, 229. 105, 35.01 . ! END !
1658 420. 058, 229. 193, 36 64. ! END !
1659 421. 455, 229. 280, 3726. ! END !
1660 422. 852, 229. 368, 35 67. ! END !
1661 424. 248, 229. 456, 3580. ! END !
1662 4.25 . 645, 229.545, 37.29. ! END !
1663 427. 041, 229. 633, 35.51 ! END !
1664 428 . 438, 229.722, 385.7 ! END !
:
º
º
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
406. 832,
408. 227,
409. 621,
411.016,
412. 410,
239. 203,
239. 288,
239. 373,
23.9 . 458,
239. 544,
!
!
!
!
END
END
END
END
! END !
!
!
!
!
i
1764 4 13. 805, 239 . 630, ! END !
1765 415 - 200, 239. 716, ! END !
*: º
1766
1767
416. 594, 23.9 . 803,
239. 890,
! END !
417. 989, ! END !
1768 419. 383, 239. 977, O ! END !
1769 420. 777, 240. 0.64, ! END !
1770 422. 172, 240 . 152, ! END !
º
1771 423. 566, 240 . 240, ! END !
1772 424.961, 240 . 328, ! END !
1773 426. 355, 240. 4 17, ! END !
1774 427.750, 240 . 506, ! END !
1775 429. 144, 240. 595, ! END !
1776 396.963, 240. 415, ! END !
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
398.357,
399.751,
401. 146,
402. 540,
403.934,
405. 329,
406. 723,
240. 498,
240 . 581,
240. 664,
240. 748,
240. 832,
240. 916,
241. 000,
241 . 085,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
408. 117,
1785 409.51 1, 241. 170, ! END !
1786 4 10.906, 241 . 256, ! END !
1787 412. 300, 241. 341, ! END !
1788 413. 694, 241. 427, ! END !
1789 415.088, 241 . 514, ! END !
1790 416. 482, 241. 600, ! END !
1791 4 17.876, 241. 687, ! END !
1792 419 .271, 241. 774, ! END !
1793 420. 665, 241. 861, ! END !
1794 422.059, 241. 949, ! END !
1795 423. 453, 242 .037, r ! END !
1796 396.856, 242 . 212, ! END !
1797 398. 250, 242 . 295, O ! END !
1798 3.99. 644, 242. 378, ! END !
1799 401.038, 242 . 461, ! END !
1800 402. 432, 242. 5.45, ! END !
1801 403. 826, 242 . 629, ! END !
1802 405. 220, 242 . 713, ! END !
1803 406. 614, 242 . . 798, ! END !
1804 4.08.008, 242. 882, ! END !
1805 409. 402, 242. 968, ! END !
1806 410. 795, 2 4 3 .053, ! END !
1807 412. 189, 243. 139, ! END !
1808 413. 5.83, 2 4 3 . 225, ! END !
1809 414. 977, 243. 311, ! END !
1810 416. 371, 243. 397, ! END !
1811 4 17. 764, 243. 484, ! END !
1812 419. 158, 243. 571, ! END !
1813 420. 552, 243. 659, ! END !
1814 421. 945, 243. 746, ! END !
1815 423. 339, 243. 834, ! END !
1816 424. 733, 243. 923, ! END !
: 1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
-
398. 143,
399.537,
400. 930,
402. 324,
403. 718,
405. 11 1,
406. 505,
244 .093,
244. 176,
244 . 259,
244. 342,
244 . 426,
244. 511,
244. 595,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
\-
! END !
be 1824
1825
407. 898,
409. 292,
244. 680,
244. 765, ! END !
l
#
1830 416. 259, 245. 194, 3779.0, ! END !
1831 4 17.652, 245. 281, 3291.0, ! END !
1832 419.0.46, 245.368, 3764.0, ! END !
1833 420. 439, 245. 456, 3630.0, ! END !
1834 421. 832, 245.543, 3535.0, ! END !
1835 423. 225, 245. 631, 2899.0, ! END !
1836 424. 619, 245. 719, 306.2.0, ! END !
1837 426. 012, 245.808, 2.682.0, ! END !
1838 398.036, 245.890, 25 60.0, ! END !
1839 399. 430, 245.973, 2.985. 0, ! END !
1840 400. 823, 246.056, 3.365.0, ! END !
1841 402.216, 246. 140, 3105.0, ! END !
1842 403. 609, 246.224, 26.20.0, ! END !
1843 405.002, 246. 308, 3037.0, ! END !
1844 406. 396, 246. 392, 3689.0, ! END !
1845 407. 789, 246.477, 3.474.0, ! END !
1846 409. 182, 246. 562, 3229.0, ! END !
1847 410.575, 246. 647, 37 18.0, ! END !
1848 411.968, 246.733, 3352.0, ! END !
1849 413. 361, 246.819, 324 6.0, ! END !
1850 414. 754, 246.905, 2743.0, ! END !
1851 416. 147, 246.991, 3657.0, ! END !
1852 417. 540, 247.078, 3.108.0, ! END !
1853 399. 32.2, 247. 770, 328 6. 0, ! END !
1854 400. 715, 247. 853, 3.108.0, ! END !
1855 402. 108, 24.7. 937, 25 48.0, ! END !
1856 403. 501, 248.021, 31 18.0, ! END !
1857 404. 894, 248. 105, 3504.0, ! END !
1858 406. 286, 248. 189, 3728.0, ! END !
1859 407. 679, 248.274, 3352.0, ! END !
1860 409.072, 248. 359, 3048.0, ! END !
1861 410. 465, 3.484.0, ! END !
248. 444,
1862 411.857, 248.530, 344 3.0, ! END !
1863 413. 250, 320 3.0, ! END !
248. 616,
1864 414.643, 2743.0, ! END !
248. 702,
1865 416.035, 2712.0, ! END !
248. 788,
1866 417. 428, 2751.0, ! END !
248.875,
1867 399.215, 3058. 0, ! END !
249.567,
1868 400. 608, 2575.0, ! END !
249.651,
1869 402.000, 2844.0, ! END !
249. 734,
1870 403. 392, 3.193.0, ! END !
249.818,
1871 404. 785, 3494.0, ! END !
249. 902,
1872 3449.0, ! END !
406. 177, 249.986,
1873 3242.0, ! END !
407. 570, 250.071,
1874 28 64.0, ! END !
408. 962, 250. 156,
1875 410.354, ! END !
250. 241, 3261.0,
1876 3139.0, ! END !
411. 747, 250. 327,
1877 ! END !
4 13. 139, 250. 413, 3261.0,
1878 3139.0, ! END !
414. 531, 250. 499,
1879 ! END !
415.924, 250.585, 3087.0,
1880 ! END !
400. 500, 251. 448, 2619.0,
1881 ! END !
40 l. 892, 251. 531, 298.1.0,
1882 ! END !
403.284, 251. 615, 3580.0,
1883 ! END !
404. 676, 251.699, 3665.0,
1884 ! END !
406.068, 251. 784, 3341.0,
1885 ! END !
407. 460, 251.868, 3 117.0,
1886 2748.0, ! END !
410. 244, 252.038,
1887 ! END !
4 13.028, 252. 210, 2857.0,
1888 ! END !
414. 420, 252.296, 3048. 0,
1889 ! END !
415.812, 252.382, 2682.0,
1890 2782.0, ! END !
400. 392, 253.245,
1891 ! END !
401. 784, 253. 328, 3048.0,
1892 ! END !
403. 176, 2.53. 412, 32.72.0,
1893 ! END !
404.5 67, 253. 496, 3.351.0,
1894 ! END !
405.959, 253. 581, 3 119.0,
1895 ! END !
407. 351, 253. 665, 2.942 - 0,
1896 ! END !
398.893, 25 4.959, 2880.0,
1897 ! END !
400. 285, 255.042, 3534.0,
1898 ! END !
401. 676, 255. 125, 3 39.0,
1899 ! END !
403.06.7, 255.209, 3474.0,
1900 404. 459, 255.293, 3200.0, ! END !
1901 405. 850, . 377, 3105. ! END !
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
398. 786,
400. 177,
401.5 68,
402.959,
400. 070,
425. 148,
426. 581,
377. 758,
. 756,
. 839,
. 922,
.006,
. 636,
. 983,
.072,
. 030,
258 6.
2965.
33.32.
3.108.
2444.
2829.
3030.
2891.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END
! END
! END
!
!
!
li
1910 -
379. 191, . 109, 2605. ! END !
1911 423. 604, .699, 3.328. ! END !
1912 425.036, . 787, 2.926. ! END ! º
1913 426. 469, 876, 3048. ! END !
1914 377. 659, . 834, 3.060. ! END !
1915 379.091, .913, 2649. ! END !
1916 386.254, . 311, 2865. ! END !
1917 420. 629, . 327, 3039. ! END !
1918 422.061, . 415, 3555 . ! END !
1919 423. 493, . 503, 3.420. ! END !
1920 424. 925, .591, 3059 . ! END !
1921 426.357, . 679, 33.14. ! END !
1922 427. 789, . 768, 3360. ! END !
1923 429. 221, . 858, 3024. ! END !
1924 430. 653, .947, 3081. ! END !
1925 368.966, . 173, 27 27. ! END !
1926 376. 128, . 560, 34.77. ! END !
1927 377. 560, 639, 3137. ! END !
1928 378.992, 718, 2686. ! END !
1929 389. 017, . 277, 2690. ! END !
1930 390. 449, . 358, 2.902. ! END !
1931 391.881, . 440, 3247. ! END !
1932 421.950, . 218, 3.226. ! END !
1933 423. 382, . 306, 3.474. ! END !
1934 424.814, . 395, 3.351. ! END !
1935 426. 245, . 483, 3622. ! END !
1936 427. 677, . 572, 32.69. ! END !
1937 429. 108, . 661, 3596. ! END !
1938 430. 540, . 751, 34 36. ! END !
1939 431. 972, . 840, 3210. ! END !
1940 368. 869, . 977, 3.014. ! END !
1941 370. 301, .054, 2684. ! END !
1942 376. 029, . 365, 34 07. - ! END !
1943 377. 461, . 443, 31 69. ! END !
1944 378. 893, . 522, 2.944. ! END !
1945 380 .324, . 601, 25 34 . ! END !
1946 381. 756, . 680, 2653. ! END !
1947 387. 483, .000, 3.139. ! END !
1948 388. 915, . 0.81, 2721. ! END !
1949 390.347, . 162, 2682. ! END !
1950 391. 778, . 244, 3392. ! END !
1951 393.210, . 325, 3449. ! END !
1952 421. 840, .022, 3350. ! END !
1953 423.271, . 110, 369 4. ! END !
1954 424. 702, . 198, 36 65. ! END !
1955 426. 134, . 287, 3.474. ! END !
1956 427.565, . 376, 3.327. ! END !
1957 428.996, . 465, 3.657. ! END !
1958 430 - 427, . 554, 35 33. ! END !
1959 4 31.858, . 644, 31 69. ! END !
1960 4.33. 290, . 734, 2832. ! END !
1961 434. 721, . 824, 28 65 . ! END ! \-
1962 436. 152, . 915, 36,54. - ! END !
1963 437. 583, 006, 32 4 3. ! END !
1964 370. 204, . 858, 307 7. ! END !
1965 371. 636, . 936, 3048. ! END !
1966 373. O 67, .013, 3379. ! END !
1967 374. 499, .091, 3,527. ! END !
1968 375. 930, . 169, 37 18. ! END !
1969
1970
1971
377. 362,
378. 793,
380. 225,
.247,
. 326,
. 405,
3588 .
3104.
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
1972 381.656, . 484, 2526. ! END !
1973 388.813, .885, 3.328. ! END !
1974 390. 244, . 966, 2521. ! END !
1975 391. 676, .048, 2682. ! END !
1976 393. 107, . 129, 3.366. ! END !
1977 394.538, .211, 3.459. ! END !
1978 417. 436, . 564, 3.273. ! END !
1979 418.867, .651, 33.11. ! END !
1980 420.298, . 738, 2836. ! END !
1981 421. 729, . 826, 3.271 ! END !
1982 423. 160, .913, 3414. ! END !
1983 424.591, .002, 34.69. ! END !
1984 426.022, . 0.90, 3730. ! END !
1985 427. 453, . 179, 34 15. ! END !
1986 428. 883, . 268, 3279. ! END !
1987 430.314, . 358, 3169. ! END !
1988 431. 745, . 447, 3169. ! END !
1989 4.33. 176, . 537, 2681. ! END !
1990 434 - 607, . 628, 3.230. ! END !
1991 436.037, . 718, 3593. ! END !
1992 437. 468, . 809, 358 7. ! END !
1993 4.38.899, .900, 34,57. ! END !
1994 440. 330, . 992, 34.73. ! END !
1995 370. 107, 663, 3210. ! END !
1996 371.538, . 740, 3092. ! END !
1997 372.969, . . 817, 3.102. ! END !
1998 374. 401, . 895, 34 68. ! END !
1999 375. 832, . 973, 36 69. ! END !
2000 377.263, .052, 3595 ! END !
2001 378.694, 130, 33 37 ! END !
2002 380. 125, . 209, 2976. ! END !
2003 381.556, .289, 2 683. ! END !
2004 382.987, . 368, 3062. ! END !
2005 385. 849, . 528, 34.32 ! END !
2006 387. 280, 609, 33 12. ! END !
2007 388. 711, . 689, 3.13.4 . ! END !
2008 390. 142, . 770, 2.91.3. ! END !
2009 391.573, . 852, 2935. ! END !
2010 393.004, .933, 27 97. ! END !
2011 394.435, .015, 3190. ! END !
2012 395.866, .098, 3.657. ! END !
2013 417. 327, . 367, 33.15. ! END !
2014 418. 757, . 454, 3529. ! END !
2015 420. 188, . 541, 3384. ! END !
2016 421.618, . 629, 298 6. ! END !
2017 423.049, 717, 3,322 ! END !
2018 24. 479, . 805, 37.17. ! END !
2019 425.910, . 894, 365 6. ! END !
2020 427.340, .982, 3592. ! END !
2021 428. 771, 072, 3634. ! END !
2022 430. 201, . 161, 307 6. ! END !
202 431. 632, . 251, 28 03. ! END !
2024 4.33.062, . 341, 3.080. ! END !
2025 434. 493, . 431, 2921. ! END !
2026 435.923, . 522, 33.22. ! END !
2027 437. 353, . 612, 3678. ! END !
2028 438. 784, . 704, 3.454. ! END !
2029 440.214, 795, 3,322 ! END !
2030 441 .. 644, . 887, 3.214. ! END !
2031 443.075, . 979, 3.291 . ! END !
2032 370.010, . 467, 34.77. ! END !
2033 371. 441, . 544, 32.74. ! END !
2034 372.872, . 622, 35 4 3. ! END !
2035 374. 302, . 699, 32 69. ! END !
2036 375. 733, . 777, 3.393. ! END !
2037 377. 164, 856, 3.699. ! END !
2038 378. 594, . 934, 35 45. ! END !
~ O 39 380.025, .013, 3.34 4. ! END !
20-40 381. 456, .093, 3078. ! END !
2041 382.886, ! END !
. 172, 2.887.
2042 38.4.317, .252, 33 6.5. ! END !
2043 385. 748, . 332, 3.535. ! END !
2044 387. 178, . 413, 34.71. ! END !
2045 388. 609, . 493, 3.230. ! END !
2046 390. 040, . 574, 3352. ! END !
2047 391 . 470, . 656, 33.43. ! END !
20.48 392. 901, . 737, 28 91. ! END !
20.49 394. 331, .819, 2926. ! END !
2050 395. 762, . 901, 3535. ! END !
2051 411. 496, . 826, 30 1 0. ! END !
2052 412. 926, . 911, 3301 . ! END !
2053 414 .357, . 998, 3301. ! END !
2054
205.5
415. 787,
417. 217,
. 084,
. 171,
2929.
3351.
. ! END !
! END !
2056 418. 647, . 258, 3.474. ! END !
205.7 420.078, . 345, 3718. ! END !
2058 421.508, . 432, 3352. ! END !
2059 422.938, . 520, 3.108. 0, ! END !
2060 424 .368, . 609, 34 48. ! END !
2061 425. 798, . 697, 3701. ! END !
2062 427. 228, . 786, 3552. ! END !
20.63 428.658, . 875, 3222. ! END !
20.64 430.089, .964, 3352. ! END !
20.65 431.519, .054, 3291. ! END !
2066 432. 949, . 144, 35.71. ! END !
20.67 434 . 379, . 234, 33.89. ! END !
20.68 435. 809, 325, 3.108. ! END !
2069 437. 239, . 416, 3647. ! END !
2070 438. 669, . 507, 34 35. ! END !
2071 4 40. 0.99, . 598, 34 13. ! END !
2072 441 .. 528, . 690, 3261. ! END !
207 3 4 42.958, . 782, 3048. ! END !
2074 369.913, .271, 3596. ! END !
2075 371. 343, . 348, 3531. ! END !
20.76 372.774, . 426, 3392. ! END !
207 7 374. 204, . 503, 3471. ! END !
2078 375. 634, . 581, 3514. ! END !
2079 377. 0.65, . 660, 3352. ! END !
2080 378.495, . 738, 3666. ! END !
2081 379.925, .817, 3901. ! END !
2082 381. 356, . 897, 33 12. ! END !
2083 382. 786, . 976, 28 16. ! END !
208.4 384. 216, .056, 3352. ! END !
2085 385. 647, . 136, 35.49. - ! END !
208 6 387.077, . 216, 37 18. ! END !
2087 388. 507, . 297, 3352. ! END !
2088 389. 937, . 378, 3266. ! END !
2089 391 .367, . 459, 3598. ! END !
2090 392. 797, . 541, 3078. ! END !
2091 39.4.228, . 623, 2.926. ! END !
2092 395.658, . 705, 3450. ! END !
2093 397.088, . 788, 3.364 ! END !
2094 4.07.098, . 374, 3.25 4. ! END !
2095 412.818, . 715, 3282. ! END !
209 6 414. 248, . 801, 34 69. ! END !
2097 415. 678, . 887, 3.130. ! END !
2098 417. 108, . 974, 3.19.2. ! END !
:
º
2243
2.24 4
22:45
2246
2.247
2248
22:49
399 . 633,
401. 062,
402. 491,
403. 920,
405. 349,
406. 778,
4.08 . 206,
74.
74.
74.
74.
74.
74
74.
297 6.0,
3578. 0,
3615 - 0,
34 10.0,
3804.0,
361.3.0,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
2250 409 . 635, 74. 33.59.0, - ! END !
2251 411. 0.64, 75. 3.108 - 0, ! END !
2252 412. 493, 75. 3.108.0, ! END !
225 3 4 13. 922, 75 3088. 0, ! END !
22.54 415 . 350, 75 3578. O, ! END !
2255 416. 779, 75. 384, 3352.0, ! END !
418.208, . 471, 34 68. ! END !
419.637, .558, 3458. ! END !
421.065, . 646, 3235 . ! END !
422.494, . 733, 3509. ! END !
428. 208, .087, 3745 ! END !
429. 637, . 177, 357 6. ! END !
431.066, . 266, 3572. ! END !
432.494, . 356, 3649. ! END !
433.923, . 446, 3596. ! END !
435. 351, . 537, 3361. ! END !
436.780, . 628, 3.341 . ! END !
438. 208, . 719, 3718. ! END !
439. 637, . . 810, 3554 ! END !
359.522, .956, 24.38 ! END !
360.951, .031, 29 62. ! END !
362. 380, . 106, 2597. ! END !
366.667, . 334, 2759. ! END !
368.096, . 410, 3083. ! END !
369.524, . 487, 2811 ! END !
370.953, . 564, 3.427. ! END !
372. 382, . 641, 3840. ! END !
373.811, . 719, 3666. r ! END !
375.240, . 797, 3596. O r ! END !
376.669, .875, 4023. ! END !
378.098, . 954, 375 6. ! END !
379.526, . 0.33, 3567. ! END !
380. 955, . 112, 29.45 ! END !
382. 384, . 191, 33.10. ! END !
383. 813, .271, 364 1. ! END !
385. 242, . 351, 38.43. ! END !
386.670, . 431, 3749. ! END !
388. 0.99, . 512, 3770. ! END !
389.528, .593, 3627. ! END !
390.956, . 674, 3338. ! END !
392. 385, 756, 3779. ! END !
393.814, 837, 3718. ! END !
395. 242, . 920, 3532. ! END !
396.671, .002, 3132. ! END !
398. 100, .085, 31 68. ! END !
399.528, . 168, 34 13. ! END !
400. 957, . 251, 34 13. ! END !
402. 385, . 335, 32.30 ! END !
403. 814, . 419, 3304. ! END !
405. 242, . 503, 37 80. ! END !
406. 671, . 587, 3648. ! END !
4.08.099, . 672, 3352. ! END !
409. 528, . 757, 3.643. ! END !
410.956, . 843, 3718. ! END !
412. 385, . 928, 3352. ! END !
4 13.813, 014, 319 6. ! END !
415. 241, . 101, 34 61. ! END !
416. 670, . 187, 322 ! END !
418.098, .274, 33 12. ! END !
419.526, 361, 3064. ! END !
420. 955, . 449, 3370. ! END !
428.096, . 890, 3589 . - ! END !
429. 524, . 980, 3581 ! END !
430.952, . 069, 34 13. ! END !
432. 380, . 159, 358 4. ! END !
433.809, . 249, 3694. ! END !
435.237, . 340, 3370. ! END !
436. 665, . 430, 3151. ! END !
438.093, . 521, 3.321 ! END !
439.521, 613, 3629. ! END !
359.427, . 760, 25 57. ! END !
362. 284, . 910, 2.959 . ! END !
363. 713, .986, 218. ! END !
365. 142, .061, 3129. ! END !
366.570, . 138, 2776. ! END !
367.999, .214, 26.21. ! END !
369.427, . 291, 3026. ! END !
2327 370. 856, 76. 368, 3701.0, ! END !
2328 372. 284, 76. 445, 4023.0, ! END !
2329 373. 713, 76. 523, 394 6.0, ! END !
2330 375. 141, 76. 601, 4020.0, ! END !
23.31 376. 570, 76. 679, 3901.0, ! END !
2332 377. 998, 76. 757, 3630.0, ! END !
2333 379. 427, 76. 836, 34 13.0, ! END !
2334 380. 855, 76. 915, 2926.0, ! END !
2335 382. 284, 76. 995, 3.474.0, ! END !
2336 383 . 712, 77. 075, 3757. O, ! END !
2337 385 . 140, 77. 155, 3527.0, ! END !
23.38 386. 569, 77 . 235, 367 6. 0, ! END !
233.9 38 7. 997, 77. 316, 3648. 0, ! END !
23.40 389 . 425, 77. 396, 3605.0, ! END !
234.1 390. 854, 77 . 478, 3706. 0, ! END !
23:42 392 . 282, 77. 559, 3535.0, ! END !
234 3 393. 7.10, 77. 641, 3573. O, ! END !
23:44 395. 138, 77. 723, 3559.0, ! END !
23.45 396. 567, 77. 805, 3270.0, ! END !
2346 397. 995, 77. 888, 3.108.0, ! END !
234.7 3.99. 423, 77 . 971, 34 13.0, ! END !
23 48 400. 851, 78 .054, 3736. 0, ! END !
23.49 402 .279, 78. 138, 3579. O, ! END !
23.50 403. 708, 78 .222, 3779.0, ! END !
235 1 405. 136, 78. 306, 3708.0, ! END !
2 352 406 . 564, 78 . 391, 3.35.4.0, ! END !
2.353 407. 992, 78. 475, 3352.0, ! END !
2354 409 . 420, 78. 560, 3830.0, ! END !
2355 410. 848, 78. 646, 3525.0, ! END !
235 6 412. 276, 78 . 731, 3657. 0, ! END !
2.357 413. 704, 78. 817, 36.36.0, ! END !
23.58 415. 132, 78. 904, 35 35.0, ! END !
23.59 416. 560, 78. 990, 3.108.0, ! END !
2360 417. 988, 79. 077, 3.240.0, ! END !
2361 427. 983, 79. 693, 335 1.0, ! END !
2362 429. 411, 79. 783, 35.09.0, ! END !
23.63 430 . 839, 79. 872, 354 4.0, ! END !
2364 4.32 . 267, 79. 962, 3232.0, ! END !
23.65 4.33. 695, 80 . 052, 3358. 0, ! END !
2366 435. 122, 80. 142, 3588 . 0, ! END !
2367 436 . 550, 80 . 233, 32.12.0, ! END !
23.68 437. 978, 80. 324, 306 6. 0, ! END !
2369 439. 406, 80. 416, 34 62.0, ! END !
2370 4 40. 833, 80. 507, 34 34.0, ! END !
2371 362. 189, 77 . 714, 2865. 0, ! END !
237.2 363. 617, 77 . 789, 3.4 52.0, ! END !
2373 365. 0.46, 77 . 865, 38 40.0, ! END !
2374 366. 474, 77. 941, 3.149 - 0, ! END !
2.375 369 . 330, 78 . 094, 31 14.0, ! END !
2376 370. 758, 78. 171, 3352.0, ! END !
2 377 372. 187, 78 . 249, 3767. 0, ! END !
2378 373 . 615, 78. 326, 3626.0, ! END !
23.79 375. 043, 78 . 404, 34 08 . 0, ! END !
23.80 376. 471, 78 . 483, 4014. 0, ! END !
23.81 377. 899, 78. 561, 38 40.0, ! END !
2.382 379 . 327, 78. 640, 3.657. 0, ! END !
2383 380 . 755, 78. 719, 309 6.0, ! END !
2.384 382. 183, 78 . 798, 337 3.0, ! END !
23.85 383 . 611, 78. 878, 3.393.0, ! END !
2386 385 .039, 78. 958, 38.10.0, ! END !
2387 386. 467, 79. 038, 36.27.0, ! END !
2388 38 7. 895, 79. 119, 359 6.0, ! END !
2389 38 9. 323, 79 . 200, 35 64.0, ! END !
23.90 390. 751, 79. 281, 379 3.0, ! END !
2391 392. 179, 79. 363, 364 5.0, ! END !
393. 607, 79. 444, 3742 - 0, ! END !
23.93 3 & 5 .035, 79. 526, 358 l. 0, ! END !
239.4 39 & . 462, 79. 609, 32.83.0, ! END !
23.95 39 7. 890, 79. 691, 3143.0, ! END !
239 6 3.99. 318, 79. 774, 34 13.0, ! END !
2397 400. 746, 79. 858, 3396.0, ! END !
2398 402. 174, . 941, 3718. ! END !
2399 403. 602, .025, 3662. ! END !
2400 405. 029, . . 109, 3449. ! END !
2401 406. 457, . 194, 31.92. ! END !
2402 407. 885, . 278, 3738. ! END !
2403 409. 312, . 364, 37.51. ! END !
2404 410. 740, . 449, 3442. ! END !
2405 412. 168, . 534, 3.657. ! END !
24.06 4 13.595, . 620, 3592. ! END !
2.407 415. 023, . 707, 3449. ! END !
24.08 416. 451, . 793, 3.230. ! END !
24.09 417.878, . 880, 2926. ! END !
2410 427 - 871, . 496, 3.108. ! END !
24 11 429.298, 585, 3.488. ! END !
24 12 430. 726, . 675, 3.657. ! END !
24 13 432. 153, . 765, 3640. 0 ! END !
2414 433.581, . 855, 3.245. ! END !
24.15 435.008, . 945, 30.36. ! END !
2416 436.435, .036, 3279. ! END !
24.17 437.863, 127, 2.945. ! END !
24 18 439. 290, . 218, 3306. ! END !
2419 440.717, . 310, 3.231. ! END !
2420 442. 145, . 402, 3263. ! END !
24.21 362. 094, . 518, 2808 ! END !
2422 363.522, 593, 3.535. ! END !
2423 364. 950, . 669, 3698. ! END !
24.24 366. 378, . 745, 3236. ! END !
24.25 367. 805, . 821, 3092. ! END !
2.426 369. 233, . 898, 2789. ! END !
2427 370. 661, . 975, 3032. ! END !
2428 372.089, 052, 32.95. ! END !
2429 373. 516, . 130, 3869. ! END !
24.30 374. 944, . 208, 3866. ! END !
2431 376. 372, .286, 399.1 ! END !
2.432 377.800, . 365, 3888. ! END !
2433 37'9.227, . 443, 3596. ! END !
24 34 380. 655, . 522, 3875. ! END !
2435 382.083, . 602, 3155 ! END !
2436 383.510, 682, 3802. ! END !
243.7 384.938, . 762, 3708. ! END !
24.38 386.366, . 842, 3.748. ! END !
2439 387.793, . 922, 35.19. ! END !
24 40 389. 221, 003, 34 13. ! END !
2441 390. 648, .084, 3730. ! END !
2442 392.076, . 166, 3634. ! END !
244 3 393. 503, . 248, 37.89. ! END !
2444 394.931, . 330, 35 11. ! END !
2.445 396.358, . 412, 3605. ! END !
2446 . 495, 3.291. ! END !
397. 786,
2.447 399.213, . 578, 3.230. ! END !
2448 400. 641, . 661, 3692. ! END !
24 49 402.068, . 744, 3.579. ! END !
2450 . 828, 3634. ! END !
403. 495,
2.45.1 404.923, . 912, 3203. ! END !
24.52 406. 350, 997, 3514. ! END !
2.453 407.778, .082, 3703. ! END !
2.454 . 167, 3531 . ! END !
409. 205,
245.5 410. 632, 252, 32.72. ! END !
2456 412. 059, .338, 3.5 50. ! END !
2.457 4 13.487, . 423, 372 0. ! END !
2.458 414.914, . 510, 3618. ! END !
2.459 596, 3515 . ! END !
416. 341,
24 60 . 683, 33.87. ! END !
417. 768,
24 61 . 770, 3136. ! END !
419. 196,
24 62 427.758, 83. 2.99, 3129. ! END !
2 4 63 . 388, 3.429. ! END !
429. 186,
2 4 64 . 478, 3472. ! END !
430. 613,
2 4 65 . 567, ! END
432. 040, 38 08 .
246.6 . 657, 3578. ! END !
4.33. 467,
24.67 . 748, ! END !
43.4.894, 3.365.
24 68 436. 321, . 839, 3211 . ! END !
246.9 437.748, . 929, 29 66. ! END !
2470
24.71
2.472
2473
2.474
24 75
24.76
439.175,
440. 601,
4 42.028,
443. 455,
363. 426,
364. 854,
366. 281,
. 021,
. 112,
. 204,
. 296,
. 397,
. 473,
. 549,
3 116.
345 3.
3.10.1 .
34 35 .
33.62.
34 43.
3.657.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
24 77 367. 709, . 625, 3495. ! END !
2.478 369. 136, . 702, 2783. ! END !
2479 370. 563, . 779, 2804. ! END ! º
2.480 371.991, .856, 32.71. ! END !
248.1 373. 418, . 934, 3284. ! END !
2482 374. 846, . 011, 3439. ! END !
2483 37 6. 273, . 0.90, 3.5 50. ! END !
2484 377. 700, . 168, 3778. ! END !
2 485 379. 128, . 247, 3649. ! END !
2486 380. 555, . 326, 3352. ! END !
248.7
2488
2489
2490
2491
24.92
2493
381.982,
383. 409,
384.837,
386.264,
387. 691,
389. 118,
390. 546,
. 405,
. 485,
.565,
. 645,
. 726,
. 807,
. 888,
3.372.
3779.
3.657.
3.525.
3670.
34 37.
34 64.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
24.94 391.973, .969, 3640. ! END !
24.95 393. 400, . 051, 3969. ! END !
2496 394. 827, . 133, 3.699. ! END !
2497 396.254, - 215, 3672. ! END !
2498 397. 681, .298, 3530. ! END !
24.99 399. 108, . 381, 3.230. ! END !
2500 400. 535, . 464, 3530. ! END !
2501 401.962, . 548, 35.52. ! END !
25 02 403. 389, . 631, 3596. ! END !
2503 404. 816, . 715, 3047 ! END !
2504 406. 243, . 800, 34 79. ! END !
2505 407. 670, .885, 3490. ! END !
2506 409.097, . 970, 3388. ! END !
2507 410. 524, . 055, 33.39. ! END !
2508 411.951, . 140, 364 1. ! END !
250.9 413. 378, . 226, 355 l . ! END !
25 10 4.14.805, . 313, 3641. ! END !
25.11 416.232, . 399, 3 687. ! END !
25 12 417.659, . 486, 35 45. ! END !
25 13 434. 779, . 550, 3 19 6. ! END !
25 14 436. 206, 641, 3 113. ! END !
25.15 440. 486, . 915, 3.150. ! END !
25 16 4.41.9 12, 007, 3021 ! END !
2517 443.339, . 0.99, 3352 ! END !
25.18 -
363. 331, . 200, 31.97. ! END !
2519 364. 758, . 276, 351 6. ! END !
25.20 366. 185, . 352, 3 680. ! END !
2521 367. 612, 429, 38 42. ! END !
2522 369.039, . 505, 3.338. ! END !
2523 370. 466, . 582, 28 12 ! END !
2524 37.1. 893, . 659, 39 62. ! END !
º 2525 373. 320, . 737, 38 13. ! END !
2526 374. 747, . 815, 37.87 ! END !
º 2527 376. 174, . 893, 3655. ! END !
º 2528
2529
377. 601,
379. 028,
. 971,
.050,
38 91.
39.95.
! END !
! END !
\.
25.30 380. 455, . 129, 37.59 . ! END !
º 25.31 381.882, . 209, 3 £57. ! END !
25 32 384. 735, . 368, 37 33 ! END !
º 25.33 ~
386. 162, . 448, 37 O 3. ! END !
25 34 3.422. ! END !
Jºe 25.35
387. 589,
389 .016,
. 529,
. 610, 335 3. ! END !
! END !
25.36 3.291 .
º 2537
2.538
390. 443,
39 1. 870,
. 691,
. 772, 359 & .
3.667.
! END !
! END !
393.296, . 854,
ºe 2539 394. 723, . 936, 39 62. ! END !
*e
ºe
2398 402. 174, 79. 941, 3718. 0, ! END !
2.399 403. 602, 80.025, 3662.0, ! END !
2400 405.029, 80. 109, 3449.0, ! END !
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
406. 457,
407. 885,
409. 312,
410. 740,
412. 168,
80. 194,
80.278,
80. 364,
80. 449,
80. 534,
3192.0,
3738.0,
3751.0,
3442.0,
3657.0,
i ! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
24.06 4 13.595, 80. 620, 3592.0, ! END !
2.407 415. 023, 80. 707, 3449.0, ! END !
24.08 416. 451, 80. 793, 3.230.0, ! END !
24.09 417.878, 80.880, 2.926.0, ! END !
2410 427.871, 81.496, 3.108.0, ! END !
24 11 429.298, 81.585, 3.488. 0, ! END !
24 12 430. 726, 81. 675, 3657.0, ! END !
24 13 432. 153, 81. 765, 3640.0, ! END !
2414 433.581, 81.855, 324 5.0, ! END !
24.15 435.008, 81. 945, 303 6.0, ! END !
2416 436.435, 82.036, 3279.0, ! END !
24.17 437.863, 82. 127, 2.945.0, ! END !
24.18 439. 290, 82. 218, 3306.0, ! END !
2419 440.717, 82. 310, 3.23.1.0, ! END !
2420 442. 145, 82.402, 3263.0, ! END !
24.21 362. 094, 79.5 18, 2808. O, ! END !
2422 363.522, 79.593, 3535.0, ! END !
2423 364. 950, 79.669, 3698.0, ! END !
24.24 366. 378, 79. 745, 3236.0, ! END !
24.25 367. 805, 79. 821, 3092.0, ! END !
2.426 369.233, 79. 898, 2789 .0, ! END !
2427 370. 661, 79.975, 30 32.0, ! END !
2428 372.089, 80.052, 3295.0, ! END !
2.429 373. 516, 80. 130, 3869. 0, ! END !
24.30 374. 944, 80.208, 3866. 0, ! END !
2431 376.372, 80.286, 399.1.0, ! END !
2.432 377.800, 80.365, 3888. 0, ! END !
2433 379. 227, 80. 443, 3596.0, ! END !
24 34 380. 655, 80. 522, 3875. O, ! END !
2435 382.083, 80. 602, 3155 - 0, ! END !
2436 383.510, 80.682, 3802.0, ! END !
243.7 384.938, 80. 7.62, 3708.0, ! END !
24.38 386.366, 80.842, 3748.0, ! END !
2439 387.793, 80. 922, 35.19.0, ! END !
24 40 389. 221, 81.003, 34 13.0, ! END !
2441 390. 648, 81.084, 3730.0, ! END !
2442 392.076, 81. 166, 3634.0, ! END !
2443 393. 503, 81.248, 37.89.0, ! END !
2444 394. 931, 81. 330, 35 11.0, ! END !
2445 396. 358, 81. 412, 3605.0, ! END !
244 6 397. 786, 81.495, 3.291 - 0, ! END !
2.447 399.213, 81.578, 3.230.0, ! END !
2448 400. 641, 81. 661, 3692.0, ! END !
2449 402.068, 81. 744, 3579.0, ! END !
2450 403. 495, 81.828, 3634.0, ! END !
2.45.1 404.923, 81. 912, 3203.0, ! END !
24.52 406. 350, ! END !
351.4.0,
2453 407. 778, 82. 082, 3703. O ! END !
2.454 409. 205, 82. 167, 3531 - O ! END !
245.5 410. 632, 82.252, 32.72.0 ! END !
2456 412. 059, 2. 338, 3.5 50.0 ! END !
2457 413. 487, 82.423, 3.720. O ! END !
2.458 414.914, 2. 510, 3618. O ! END !
2.459 416. 341, 2. 596, 3515 ... O ! END !
2460 417. 768, 2.683, ! END !
3387. O,
2 4 61 419. 196, 82. 770, ! END !
3136.0,
24.62 427.758, 83. 299, ! END !
3129.0,
24.63 429. 186, 83.388, ! E: ID .
3.429.0,
2464 430. 613, 83. 478, ! END !
3472.0,
2.465 432.040, 83. 567, ! END !
3808. O,
24 66 4.33. 467, 83. 657, ! END !
3578. O,
24.67 434.894, 83.748, ! END !
3.365.0,
2.468 436. 321, 83.839, 3.21.1.0, ! END !
2 4 69 X = 437.748, 83. 929, 29 66.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2470 ! X = 439.175, 84. 021, 3116.0, 0.0 END !
24 7.1 ! x = 440. 601, 84. 112, 3453.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2.472 X = 442.028, 84. 204, 3.10.1.0, 0.0 ! END !
2473 X = 443. 455, 84.296, 3.435.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2474 X = 363.426, 81. 397, 3362. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
24 7.5 ! X = 364. 854, 81. 473, 3443.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2.476 X = 366. 281, 81. 549, 3657. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
24.77 : x = 367.709, 81.625, 3495.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
24 78 : x = 369. 136, 81. 702, 2783. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
2479 ( x = 370. 563, 81. 779, 2804 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2480 ! X = 371.991, 81.856, 3.271. 0, O. O. END !
248.1 ! X = 373. 418, 81.934, 3284.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2482 X = 374. 846, 2.011, 3439. O, 0.0 ! END !
2 483 X = 376.273, 82. 0.90, 3550. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2484 || X = 377. 700, 82. 168, 3778. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
248.5 ! X = 379. 128, 82.247, 3649.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2486 | X = 380. 555, 82. 326, 3352.0, O. O. END !
2487 X = 381.982, 82.405, 3372.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2488 X = 383. 409, 82.485, 3779.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2489 : x = 384.837, 82.565, 3657.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2490 : X = 386.264, 82.645, 3525.0, O. O. END !
249.1 ! X = 387. 691, 82.726, 3670. 0, 0.0 END !
24.92 | X = 389. 118, 82.807, 3437. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2493 X = 390. 546, 82.888, 34 64.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
249 4 X = 391.973, 82.969, 3640. 0, O. O. END !
2495 ! X = 393. 400, 83. 051, 3969. 0, 0.0 END !
2496 X = 394. 827, 83. 133, 3.699. 0, O. O ! ! END !
2497 : x = 396.254, 83. 215, 3672.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2498 : X = 397. 681, 83.298, 3530.0, 0.0 END !
2499 : x = 399. 108, 83.381, 3.230.0, 0. 0 | | END !
2500 : x = 400. 535, 83.464, 3530.0, O. O ! ! END !
250.1 ! X = 401.962, 83. 548, 35.52.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2502 ( x = 403. 389, 83. 631, 3596. O, 0.0 END !
2503 | x = 404. 816, 83. 715, 304 7.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2504 X = 406. 243, 83. 800, 3479. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
250.5 ! X = 407. 670, 83.885, 3490 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
250 6 x = 409.097, 83. 970, 3388. O, 0.0 ! END !
2507 : x = 410. 524, 84.055, 3339.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2508 X = 4 11.951, 84. 140, 364 1.0, 0.0 END !
2509 X = 413. 378, 84.226, 355 1 - 0, O. O ! ! END !
25 10 ! X = 414. 805, 84. 313, 364 1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
251.1 ! X = 41 6.232, 84. 399, 3687. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
25 12 x = 4 17.659, 84. 486, 35.45. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
251.3 : x = 434. 779, 85.550, 319 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
25 14 X = 436. 206, 85. 641, 3 113.0, O. O. END !
25 15 ' x = 440. 486, 85. 915, 3.150.0, 0.0 END !
25 16 X = 4 41.912, 8 6. 007, 3021 - 0, 0.0 END !
2517 X = 4 43.339, 8 6. 0.99, 3352.0, 0.0 END !
tºo -
25 18
2519
X =
X =
363.
364.
331,
758,
83. 200,
83. 276,
319.7.0,
35 16.0,
0.0
O. O.
END !
END !
º 25.20
252.1
!
!
X =
X =
366.
367.
185,
612,
83. 352,
83. 429,
3 680.0,
3842.0,
0.0
0.0
END !
END !
º 2522 X = 369.039, 83. 505, 3338.0, O. O END !
* * 2523 X = 370. 466, 83. 582, 28 12.0, 0.0 END !
2524 X = 371. 893, 83. 659, 39 62.0, O. O ! ! END !
2525 X = 373. 320, 83.737, 38 13.0, O. O ! ! END !
2526 X = 374. 747, 83.815, 3787. O, O. O. END !
2527 X = 376. 174, 83.893, 3655.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2 528 X = 377. 601, 83. 971, 38 91.0, O. O ! ! END !
2529 : X = 379. 028, 84.050, 39.95.0, O. O ! ! END !
25.30 ! X = 380. 455, 84.129, 37 59.0, 0.0 END !
25 31 X = 381.882, 84.209, 3.657.0, O. O. END !
25 32 : X = 384. 735, 84. 368, 3733. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
25.33 X = 386. 162, 84. 448, 3703. 0, O. O. END !
25.34 X = 387. 589, 84. 529, 3.422.0, O. O. END !
25.35 X = 389.016, 84. 610, 3353.0, O. O. END !
25 36 X = 390. 443, 84.691, 3.29.1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2537 X = 39 1. 870, 84. 772, 359 6.0, O. O. END !
25.38 : x = 393.296, 84.854, 3.667. 0, 0.0 END !
2.539 X = 394. 723, 84.936, 39 62.0, O. O. END !
2540 396.150, 85.018, 38.10.0, ! END !
2541 397.577, 85. 101, 3555. O, ! END !
25 42 399.003, 85.184, 3291.0, ! END !
25 4 3 400. 430, 85.267, 32.77.0, ! END !
2544 401.857, 85.351, 3527.0, ! END !
25.45 403.283, 85.434, 3596.0, ! END !
2546 404. 710, 85.518, 3.138.0, ! END !
2547 406. 136, 85. 603, 3251.0, ! END !
25 48 407. 563, 85. 688, 3.108.0, ! END !
25.49 408. 990, 85. 772, 3291.0, - ! END !
2550 410.416, 85.858, 3535.0, ! END !
255.1 411.843, 85. 943, 3535.0, ! END !
255.2 4 13.269, 86. 029, 3.435.0, ! END !
25.53 414.696, 3534.0, ! END !
2554 436.091, 87. 444, 34.82.0, ! END !
2555 441 .. 796, 87.809, 2786.0, ! END !
2556 443.222, 87.901, 3.138.0, ! END !
2557 366.089, 85. 156, 3535.0, ! END !
255.8 367. 515, 85.232, 377.1.0, ! END !
2.559 368.942, 85.309, 34 0.3.0, ! END !
2560 371.795, 85.463, 31 68.0, ! END !
2561 373. 222, 85. 540, 33.13.0, ! END !
25 62 374.648, 85. 618, 3305.0, ! END !
2563 376.075, 85. 696, 3596.0, ! END !
2564 377.502, 85. 775, 358 6. 0, ! END !
25 65 378.928, 85. 854, 3733.0, ! END !
25 66 380.355, 85.933, 3840.0, ! END !
25 67 384. 634, 86. 171, 361.3.0, ! END !
2568 386.061, 86.252, 3616. 0, ! END !
2569 387. 487, 86. 332, 395.4.0, ! END !
2570 388.914, 86. 413, 37.82.0, ! END !
257.1 390.340, 86. 494, 3637. O, ! END !
2 572 391. 766, 86. 575, 3217.0, ! END !
2573 393. 193, 86. 657, 3352.0, ! END !
2574 394. 619, 86. 739, 34 13.0, ! END !
2575 396.04 6, 86. 821, 3703.0, ! END !
2576 397. 472, 86.904, 3.686.0, ! END !
2577 398.898, 86.987, 3452.0, ! END !
2578 400. 325, 87.070, 3297.0, ! END !
2579 401. 751, 87. 154, 3042.0, ! END !
2580 403.177, 87.237, 3121.0, ! END !
2581 404. 603, 87. 321, 2926.0, ! END !
2582 406.030, 87. 406, 3272.0, ! END !
2.583 407. 456, 87. 490, 3.18.3.0, ! END !
2584 408.882, 87.575, 3.424.0, ! END !
2585 4 10.308, 87. 661, 3479.0, ! END !
258 6 411. 734, 87.746, 357 6.0, ! END !
2587 4 13. 161, 87.832, 3.365.0, ! END !
2.588 441. 680, 89. 611, 2864.0, ! END !
2589 367. 419, 87. 035, 3215.0, ! END !
2590 368.845, 87. 112, 3301.0, ! END !
2591 370.271, 87. 189, 27.42.0, ! END !
2592 371. 697, 87.266, 3102.0, ! END !
25.93 373. 124, 87. 344, 3449.0, ! END !
2594 374.550, 87. 422, 337 6.0, ! END !
2595 375. 976, 33.32.0, ! END !
2596 377. 402, 87.578, 3.425.0, ! END !
2597 378.828, 87. 657, 3840. 0, ! END !
2598 380. 255, 87.736, 3794. O, ! END !
25 99 -
385.959, 88.055, 3515.0, ! END !
2600 387.385, 88. 135, 3442.0, ! END !
2 601 388.8l 1, 88. 216, 3657.0, ! END !
2602 390. 237, 88. 297, 3799.0, ! END !
2 < 03 391 . 663, 88. 378, 3.683. 0, ! END !
2604 393. 089, 88.4 60, 3496.0, ! END !
2605 39 4.515, 88. 542, 3048. O, ! END !
2606 395.941, 88. 624, 3267.0, ! END !
- a 0.7 39.7.367, 88.707, 3266.0, ! END !
~ : 08 398. 793, 88. 790, 3005. 0, ! END !
2.609 405.923, 89 .209, 2878. O, ! END !
2 € 1.0 407. 349, 89. 293, 2890. 0, ! END !
ă T
T
ſº
º
º
2612
2611
261.3
2614
2615
2616
261 7
|
|
X =
X =
X =
X =
x =
X =
x =
408.774,
410. 200,
411. 626,
4 13.052,
4.14.478,
371. 600,
373.025,
89.378,
89.463,
89.549,
89. 635,
89.721,
89. 069,
89.147,
3.145.0,
3.147.0,
3267. O,
3361.0,
34 13.0,
334 7.0,
364 3.0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
r 2618 x = 374. 451, 89. 225, 3840. 0, 0.0 ! END !
T 2619 X = 375. 877, 89.303, 3743.0, 0.0 ! END !
º 26.20 ! X = 377. 303, 89.381, 3702.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
T 262.1 ! X = 378.729, 89. 460, 3837. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
- 2622 | X = 380. 155, 89.539, 3779. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
2623 X = 381.580, 89. 618, 3535.0, 0.0 ! END !
2624 X = 385.858, 89. 858, 3.474.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
-- 2625 : X = 390. 135, 90. 100, 31 49.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2 626 X = 391. 560, 90. 181, 3383.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2 627 X = 392.986, 90.263, 3600.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2 628 X = 394. 412, 90.345, 3360. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2629 X = 395.837, 90.427, 3237.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2630 X = 410. 092, 91.266, 3046. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
263.1 ! X = 411. 518, 91.352, 2808. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2632 | X = 412.943, 91. 437, 3048. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2633 : X = 4.14.369, 91.523, 3.198. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
263.4 X = 415. 794, 91. 610, 307 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2635 ! X = 374. 353, 91.028, 3960. 0, 0.0 ! END !
2636 X = 375. 778, 91. 106, 3779.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2637 X = 377. 204, 91.184, 3740 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2638 X = 378. 629, 91.263, 3753.0, 0.0 ! END !
2639 X = 380. O55, 91.342, 3555. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
2640 X = 381. 480, 91. 421, 34 68.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2641 | X = 382. 905, 91.501, 3520.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
264 2 X = 392.883, 92.066, 3047. 0, 0.0 ! END !
2643 X = 394. 308, 92. 148, 298 6. 0, 0.0 ! END !
2644 X = 395. 733, 92. 230, 2.926.0, 0.0 ! END !
2645 ! X = 411. 409, 93. 154, 3.108.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
264 6 x = 412. 834, 93.240, 2804.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
264.7 X = 414 .259, 93. 326, 295.1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2648 X = 415. 684, 93.412, 2743.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2649 ( x = 378. 529, 93.066, 3801.0, 0.0 ! END !
2650 ! X = 379. 954, 93. 145, 36.47. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2651 | X = 397.984, 175.500, 2499. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2652 X = 395. 0.63, 177. 135, 2593.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2653 : X = 396. 470, 177. 217, 271.1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
265 4 1 x = 397.878, 177. 300, 2620.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2655 X = 399.285, 177.383, 2438. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
265 6 : x = 400. 693, 177. 466, 279 4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2657 X = 394. 958, 178.934, 258.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
26.58 X = 396. 365, 179.017, 2877. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2659 x = 397. 772, 179.099, 2969. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
26.60 ! X = 399. 179, 179. 182, 2658. 0, O. O. ! END !
266.1 ! X = 400. 586, 179. 265, 2987. 0, O. O. : ! END !
2662 | X = 39 4.853, 180. 734, 2787. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
2663 X 396.259, 180.816, 3093. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2664 X = 397. 666, 180. 899, 3.108.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
26 65 ! X 399.073, 180. 982, 274 5.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
26.66 X = 400. 480, 181.065, 2743.0, 0.0 ! END !
2667 X = 394. 747, 182.533, 285.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2668 X = 396. 154, 182. 616, 3180.0, 0. 0 | ! END !
2669 x = 39.7. 560, 182. 698, 2859. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2670 : X = 398.967, 182. 781, 2651.0, 0.0 ! END !
267.1 ! X = 400. 373, 182.864, 3 116.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2672 ( x = 394.642, 1.84.333, 3088. 0, O. O ! END !
2673 X = 396.048, 184. 415, 3065. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2674 X = 397. 454, 184. 498, 3.108.0, O. O. ! END !
26.75 x = 398.860, 184. 581, 2681.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2676 X = 400. 266, 184. 664, 3291.0, 0.0 ! END !
2 677 : X 394. 537, 18 6. 132, 2.926.0, 0.0 ! END !
2678 : x = 395. 943, 18 6. 214, 3.325.0, 0.0 ! END !
2679 x = 397. 348, 18 6. 297, 3.354.0, O. O. " ! END !
2 680 ! X = 398. 754, 18 6. 380, 2987. 0, 0. 0 | ! END !
2681 | X = 400. 160, 18 6.463, 305 3.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2682 405.782, 186. 799, 3291.0, ! END !
2 683 407. 188, 18 6. 883, 3068. 0, ! END !
2684 408.593, 18 6. 968, 3074.0, ! END !
2685 409.999, 187 .053, 3073.0, ! END !
2686 411. 404, 187. 139, 285.4.0, ! END !
2687 412. 810, 187 225, 2727.0, ! END !
2688 390. 216, 187. 687, 304.5.0, ! END !
2689 395.837, 188. 014, 3027.0, ! END !
2690 397.243, 188. 096, 3474.0, ! END !
2691 398. 648, 188. 179, 3.108.0, ! END !
2692 400.053, 188 . 262, 2987.0, ! END !
2693 4.01 .458, 188. 346, 3496.0, ! END !
2694 404.269, 188. 513, 3.329.0, ! END !
2.695 405. 674, 188. 598, 3458. 0, ! END !
2696 4.07.079, 188. 682, 331.1.0, ! END !
2697 408. 484, 188. 767, 3072.0, ! END !
26.98 409 . 889, 188 852, 33 16.0, ! END !
2699 4.1.1.294, 188. 938, 3070.0, ! END !
2700 412. 700, 189. 024, 2966. 0, ! END !
27.01 388. 707, 189. 405, 3.18.1.0, ! END !
2702 390. 112, 189. 486, 3.108.0, ! END !
2703 391.517, 189. 567, 2926.0, ! END !
2704 395. 732, 189. 813, 2830.0, ! END !
27.05 397. 137, 189 . 896, 3074.0, ! END !
27.06 398.542, 189. 978, 3230.0, ! END !
2707 399.947, 190 062, 3208. 0, ! END !
27.08 401. 351, 190. 145, 3.108.0, ! END !
27 09 402.756, 190 . 229, 3555.0, ! END !
27.10 404. 161, 190 . 313, 3510.0, ! END !
27.11 405. 5.66, 190. 397, 35.49.0, ! END !
2712 406. 971, 190. 481, 3.474.0, ! END !
2713 408. 375, 190. 566, 3220.0, ! END !
271 4 409. 780, 190. 651, 3180.0, ! END !
2715 41 l. 185, 190 737, 3077.0, ! END !
2716 388. 603, 191 . 204, 3169.0, ! END !
271 7 390.008, 191. 285, 34 66.0, ! END !
2718 391. 413, 191. 367, 30 32.0, ! END !
2719 392.817, 191 . 448, 3387.0, ! END !
27.20 39.4.222, 191. 530, 3018.0, ! END !
2721 395. 626, 191 . 612, 2631.0, ! END !
2722 397. 031, 191 . 695, 2720.0, ! END !
2723 398.435, 191. 778, 2872.0, ! END !
2724 191 . 861, 3.108.0, ! END !
3.99.840,
2725 191. 944, 3.108.0, ! END !
401. 244,
27.26 192 .028, 338 6. 0, ! END !
402. 649,
27.27 192. 112, 3718.0, ! END !
404.053,
27.28 192 196, 3596.0, ! END !
405. 458,
2729 192 . 280, 3553.0, ! END !
406. 862,
27.30 192. 365, 3596.0, ! END !
408. 267,
2731 192. 450, 3206. 0, ! END !
409. 671,
27.32 192 536, ! END !
411.075, 34 13.0,
2733 192. 622, 3.303.0, ! END !
412. 480,
2734 192 . 762, 2.682.0, ! END !
384. 287,
2735 193. 003, 3380.0, ! END !
388.500,
2736 193. 084, 3391.0, ! END !
389. 904,
2737 19. 3. 166,
391.308, 317 6.0, ! END !
2.738 193 . 247, 3.34 4.0, ! END !
392. 713,
2739 193 . 329, 3160.0, ! END !
394. 117,
2740 193. 411,
395. 521, 27.42.0, ! END !
2741 193. 494,
396.925, 317 6.0, ! END !
2742 193. 577,
398. 329, 3243.0, ! END !
27.43 193 660, 3083.0,
399.733, ! END !
2744 193 . 743,
401. 137, 3374.0, ! END !
2745 19 3. 827,
402. 5:41, 3.425.0, ! END !
27.46 193 . 911,
403.946, 3779.0, ! END !
27.47 193 995,
405. 350, 3772.0, ! END !
2.748 194. 079,
406. 754, 3629.0, ! END !
27.49 19 4. 164,
408. 158, 3535.0, ! END !
2750 194.
409. 562, 3.18.1.0, ! END !
2751 194. 335,
410. 966, 2804.0, ! END !
2752 384. 185, 194. 561, 2630.0, ! END !
2753 X = 385. 588, 194.642, 2975. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
275 4 1 x = 386. 992, 194. 722, 3352.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2.755
275 6
2757
2758
2759
27.60
276.1
:
!
!
X =
x =
x =
X =
X =
X =
X =
388. 396,
389. 800,
391 . 204,
392.608,
394.012,
395 - 4 15,
396.819,
194. 803,
194.884,
194. 965,
195.046,
195. 128,
195. 211,
195. 293,
3020. 0,
3.108.0,
3.484.0,
3352.0,
3.108.0,
2875. 0,
3.195.0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
27.62 | X = 398. 223, 195. 376, 321.1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
27 63 X = 399. 627, 195.459, 34 13.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2764 X = 401. 030, 195.542, 3565. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
27 65 : x = 402. 4 34, 195. 626, 3645.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2766 x = 403.838, 195. 710, 3733.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
27.67 : x = 405. 241, 195. 794, 3779.0, 0.0 ! END !
2768 X = 406. 645, 195.878, 3762.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2769 X = 4.08.049, 195.963, 3596. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
2770 x = 409. 452, 196.048, 3409.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
277.1
2772
277.3
2774
27 7.5
2776
2777
27 78
!
:
!
:
:
:
X =
x =
X =
x =
X =
x =
x =
x =
38.2. 678,
38.4.082,
385.486,
386.889,
388. 293,
389. 696,
391. 100,
392. 503,
196.281,
196. 361,
196. 441,
196. 521,
196. 602,
196.683,
196. 764,
196.846,
2672.0,
3077.0,
317 9.0,
3372.0,
3379.0,
2822 - 0,
290.1.0,
3048. 0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
2779 x = 393. 906, 196. 927, 3.325.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2780 x = 395.310, 197.010, 3048.0, 0.0 ! END !
2781 X = 396. 713, 197.092, 2.944.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2782 X = 398. 117, 197. 175, 3053.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2783 : X = 399.520, 197. 258, 3 116.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2784 X = 400. 923, 197. 341, 3352.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
278.5 ! X = 402. 327, 197. 425, 3691. 0, 0.0 ! END !
2786 X = 403. 730, 197. 508, 3605.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2787 X = 405. 133, 197.593, 34 04.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2788
2789
2790
27 91
2792
2793
27 94
|
:
:
:
X =
X
X
x
x
X =
X =
=
=
=
=
406. 537,
407. 940,
409. 343,
379. 770,
381. 173,
382.576,
383. 980,
197. 677,
197.762,
197.847,
197.921,
198.000,
198. 080,
198. 160,
3063. 0,
3.184 - 0,
3.240.0,
2884 - 0,
2621.0,
2677. 0,
3091 - 0,
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
!
!
!
!
!
!
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
2795 : X = 385.383, 198. 240, 3155.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
279 6 : x = 386.786, 198.320, 2.972. O, 0.0 ! END !
27 97 : x = 388. 189, 198. 401, 2952.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2798 X = 389. 592, 198. 482, 2805. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2799 X = 390.995, 198. 563, 2.682. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2800 ! X = 392. 398, 198. 645, 284 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
280.1 ! X = 393. 801, 198.726, 3143.0, 0.0 ! END !
2802 x = 395. 204, 198. 809, 2898. 0, 0.0 ! END !
28 03 X = 396. 607, 198. 891, 2865. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 04 X = 398.010, 1 98.974, 304 3.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 05 : X = 399. 413, 199.057, 31 68.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 O 6 X = 400. 816, 199. 140, 3535.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2807 X 402. 219, 199. 223, 3.657. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 08 X = 403. 622, 199.307, 31 18. 0, 0.0 ! ! END ! \-l
28 09 x = 405.025, 199.391, 3.240.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
281 0 | X = 406. 428, 199. 476, 325 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 11 : X = 379. 669, 199 . 720, 2.902. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 12 | X = 381.071, 199.800, 263 6. 0, 0.0 ! END !
28 13 X = 382. 474, 199.879, 2609 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2814 : X = 383.877, 199.959, 2887. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 15 ! X = 385. 280, 200.039, 2.698. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 16 X = 38 6. 683, 200. 119, 2.857. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 17 X = 388.085, 200. 200, 2752.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28.18 X = 389. 488, 200. 281, 2634.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
28 19 x = 390. 891, 200. 362, 26.12.0, 0.0 ! END !
28.20 ! X = 392.294, 200. 444, 274 3.0, 0. 0 | ! END !
282 1 | X = 393. 696, 200. 525, 2727.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
2822
2823
: x =
X =
395.099,
39 6.502,
200. 607,
200. 690,
2865. 0,
272.3.0,
0.0
0.0
!
!
! END !
! ENI)
i
2824 39.7. 904, 200 . 772, 2884.0, ! END !
2825 399. 307, 200 . 855, 3169.0, ! END !
2826 400. 709, 200. 939, 3.108.0, ! END !
2827 402.112, 201 .022, 3352.0, ! END !
2828 403. 515, 201. 106, 3254.0, ! END !
2829 404.917, 201. 190, 3008. 0, ! END !
28.30 406. 320, 201 . 275, 2987. 0, ! END !
28.31 379. 567, 201. 520, 31 62.0, ! END !
2832 383. 775, 201 . 758, 3.108.0, ! END !
28.33 385. 177, 201. 838, 2969. 0, ! END !
2834 386.579, 201. 918, 2782.0, ! END !
28.35 387.982, 201. 999, 2688.0, ! END !
2836 389. 384, 202. 080, 2632.0, ! END !
2837 390. 787, 202. 161, 25.09.0, ! END !
2838 392. 189, 2O2 . 242, 2583.0, ! END !
2839 393.591, 202. 324, 27.03.0, ! END !
28.40 394. 993, 202. 406, 2447.0, ! END !
284.1 396. 396, 202. 489, 2621.0, ! END !
2.842 397. 798, 202. 571, 2725.0, ! END !
284.3 399. 200, 202. 654, 2857. O, ! END !
284.4 400. 603, 202. 737, 3004.0, ! END !
284.5 402.005, 202. 821, 3362.0, ! END !
2846 403. 407, 202 . 905, 345.4.0, ! END !
2847 404. 809, 202. 989, 3092.0, ! END !
284.8 406. 211, 203. 07.3, 3.081 - 0, ! END !
2849 383. 672, 203. 557, 2956. 0, ! END !
2850 385.074, 203. 637, 3143.0, ! END !
285.1 386. 476, 203 . 717, 3500.0, ! END !
2852 387.878, 203 . 798, 3196.0, ! END !
2853 389.280, 203. 879, 294 6.0, ! END !
285.4 390.682, 203 . 960, 2561.0, ! END !
2855 392.084, 204. 041, 249 4.0, ! END !
2856 393. 486, 204. 123, 2582.0, ! END !
2857 396.290, 204. 287, 2437.0, ! END !
2858 397. 692, 204. 370, 2781.0, ! END !
2859 399.094, 204. 453, 2678. 0, ! END !
28.60 400. 496, 204 . 536, 2923.0, ! END !
2861 401. 897, 204. 620, 3472.0, ! END !
28 62 403.299, 204. 703, 3352.0, ! END !
28.63 404. 701, 204. 788, 3169.0, ! END !
2864 406. 103, 204. 872, 3076.0, ! END !
2865 407.505, 204 . 957, 2.998. 0, ! END !
2866 408. 906, 205 . 042, 2967. 0, ! END !
2867 4 10.308, 205. 127, 281 6.0, ! END !
28.68 384. 971, 205 . 436, 3352.0, ! END !
2869 386.373, 205. 5 16, 3743.0, ! END !
2870 387.775, 205. 597, 3.474.0, ! END !
2871 389. 176, 205 . 677, 3247.0, ! END !
2872 390. 578, 205. 759, 3076.0, ! END !
2873 391.979, 205. 840, 2397.0, ! END !
287.4 394. 783, 206. 004, 261.3.0, ! END !
2875 396.184, 206 .086, 25.30.0, ! END !
2876 39.7. 586, 206. 169, 2444.0, ! END !
2877 398.987, 206. 252, 2616.0, ! END !
2878 400. 389, 206 . 335, 26.18.0, ! END !
2879 401. 790, 206 . 418, 2799.0, ! END !
2880 403. 192, 206 . 502, 2863.0, ! END !
288.1 404.593, 206 . 586, 313.3.0, ! END !
2882 405.994, 206. 670, 3525.0, ! END !
2883 407. 396, 206. 755, 3596. 0, ! END !
2.884 408.797, 206. 840, 3352.0, ! END !
2.885 410. 198, 206 . 925, 3063. O, ! END !
2886 411. 600, 207. 011, 284.1.0, ! END !
2887 386. 270, 207. 315, 3535.0, ! END !
2888 387. 671, 207 . 395, 33.14.0, ! END !
2889 389 .07.2, 07 . 476, 3.108.0, ! END !
2890 390. 474, 207 . 557, 2621.0, ! END !
2891 391.875, ~ 0.7 . 639, 2204.0, ! END !
2892 393.276, 207 . 720, 2499.0, ! END !
289.3 394. 677, 2O7 . 802, 24.08.0, ! END !
2894 396.078, 207 . 885, 2600.0, ! E:JD !
2.895 397. 479, 207. 967, 28 03. ! END !
2896
2897
28.98
2899
2900
2901
2.902
398. 881,
400. 282,
401.683,
403.084,
404. 485,
405. 886,
410. 089,
208. 050,
208 . 133,
208 . 217,
208 . 301,
208. 385,
208. 469,
208. 724,
2923.
3137.
2990.
29 49.
3157.
322 7.
3428.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
2903 387.567, 209. 194, 28 45. ! END !
2904 388.968, 209. 275, 2621. ! END !
2.905 390. 369, 209. 356, 2500. ! END !
t
2906 391. 770, 209. 437, 2133. ! END !
2.907 393. 171, 209. 519, 2499. ! END !
29.08 394.572, 209. 601, 2776. ! END !
290.9 395.972, 209. 683, 2941. ! END !
2.910 397.373, 209. 766, 344 6. ! END !
2911 398.774, 209 . 849, 3.657. ! END !
2912 222. 462, 372. 208, 1524. ! END !
2.913
2.91.4
2.91.5
2.91.6
29.17
29.18
2.91.9
228.286,
230. 227,
216. 634,
218.575,
220. 516,
22.2.457,
224. 398,
372. 225,
37.2 . 231,
374. 132,
374. 137,
374 . 143,
374. 149,
374 . 154,
1585.
1646.
1560.
1526.
1524.
1524.
1531.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
2 920 226. 339, 374. 160, 1580. ! END !
2921 228. 280, 374 . 166, 1851. ! END !
2922 230. 221, 374. 172, 2256. ! END !
2923 249. 631, 374 . 235, 2301. ! END !
292.4 251.572, 374 . 241, 21.94. ! END !
2925 216. 628, 376. 07.3, 1761. ! END !
2926 218. 569, 37 6. O78, 1640. ! END !
292.7 220. 510, 376. 084, 1744. ! END !
29.28 22. 451, 376. 090, 1536. ! END !
292.9 224. 392, 376. 095, 1661. ! END !
29 30 226. 333, 376. 101, 1925. ! END !
2931 228.274, 376. 107, 1984. ! END !
2932 230.215, 376. 113, 23 16. ! END !
2.933 243. 801, 376 . 156, 2236. ! END !
2934 245.742, 376. 163, 1957. ! END !
2935 247. 683, 37 6. 169, 1767. ! END !
2936 249. 624, 376. 176, 1830. ! END !
2937 251.565, 376. 182, 1711 . ! END !
2.938 253. 506, 376 . 189, 1652. ! END !
2939 255. 447, 37 6. 196, 1728. ! END !
2.940 257. 388, 376 . 203, 1686. ! END !
2.94.1 259.329, 376. 209, 1828. ! END !
2.942 261. 270, 376 . 216, 1827. ! END !
29 43 263. 211, 376 . 223, 1961. ! END !
2.944 265. 152, 376 . 230, 2011. ! END !
29 45 2 67.093, 376 . 238, 2024 ! END !
294 6 269.034, 376. 245, 1952. ! END !
29.47 270. 975, 376 . 252, 1965. ! END !
29 48 272. 916, 376. 259, 1965. ! END !
29.49 274.857, 376 . 267, 1839 .0, ! END !
295.0 276.798, 376 . 274, 1908. ! END !
295 1 278. 739, 376. 282, 1889 .0, ! END !
2952 280. 680, 376. 289, 1889 .0, ! END !
219.4.
2222.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
3045 280. 657, 38.2 .112, 2135. ! END !
304 6 230. 191, 383 .876, 1646. ! END !
3047 232. 132, 383 . 882, 1537. ! END !
3048 234.072, 383 . 888, 158 6. ! END !
30.49 236.013, 383 . 894, 1829. ! END !
3.050 237.954, 383 . 901, 21.95. ! END !
3051 239. 894, 383 . 907, 2267. ! END !
3052 241. 835, 383 . 913, 2121. ! END !
3053 243. 776, 383 . 919, 1749. ! END !
i 3054
3055
305 6
3.057
30.58
3059
3060
306.1
3062
3063
3.064
3065
306.6
306.7
3068
3069
3.07.0
3071
3.07.2
245. 717,
247. 657,
249.598,
251. 539,
253. 479,
255.420,
257. 361,
259. 301,
261. 242,
263. 183,
265. 124,
232. 126,
234.066,
236. 007,
237.948,
239.888,
24.1. 829,
243. 769,
245. 710,
383 . 926,
383 . 932,
383 . 939,
383 . 946,
383 . 952,
383 . 959,
383 . 966,
383 . 973,
383 . 980,
383 . 987,
383 . 994,
385. 823,
385. 829,
385. 835,
385. 841,
385. 847,
385. 854,
385 . 860,
385. 867,
1828.
1929.
1682.
2088.
21 33.
2132.
21:33.
21.94.
2113.
21.94.
219 4.
1646.
1646.
1646.
1966.
1920.
1986.
2102.
1967.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
li
:
re
3073
3.074
3075
3076
3.077
3.078
307 9
3080
308.1
2.47.651,
249.591,
251. 532,
253. 473,
237. 941,
239.882,
241. 823,
243. 763,
245. 704,
385. 873,
385 . 880,
385 . 886,
385 . 893,
387. 782,
38 7. 788,
38 7. 794,
38 7. 801,
38 7. 807,
2133.
2140.
21 33.
21.94.
1779.
2104.
2369.
245 3.
1812.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
; 3082
3083
3084
3085
247. 644,
249.585,
251.525,
387. 814,
387 . 820,
38 7. 827,
3.89. 722,
2115.
2.255.
23 16.
2155.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
gFo 3086
3087
3088
3089
-
237.935,
239.876,
241.816,
243. 757,
38 9. 729,
38 9. 735,
389. 741,
38 9. 748,
2053.
24.99.
2287. 0
! END !
!
!
!
END
END
END
!
!
!
245. 697, 2016.0,
30.90 247. 638, 3.89. 754, 234.1.0, ! END !
Po 30.91 249. 578, 389 . 761, 2256.0, ! END !
3092 251 - 5 19, 3.89. 767, 2398. 0, ! END !
Be 3093
3.09.4 -
243. 750,
245.691,
391 . 682,
391 . 688,
2207. 0,
2255.0,
! END !
! END !
º 3095 247. 631, 391 . 695, 1763.0, ! END !
3.096 391 . 701, 235 3.0, ! END !
BO 3097
249. 572,
251.512, 391 . 708, 221 1.0, ! END ! \-
30.98 247. 625, 393. 635, 213.3.0, ! END !
R2 309.9 249 .565, 393. 642, 2.134.0, ! END !
3:100 251.505, 393. 648, 21 67.0, ! END !
PP 3.10.1 253. 446, 393. 655, 2255.0, ! END !
31.02 247. 618, 395. 575, 2142.0, ! END !
º 3 103 249 .558, 395. 582, 2033.0, ! END !
3104 251.499, 395 . 589, 22.3.4.0, ! END !
PO
Bº
Fº
Pº)
31 O 5
3.10.6
3107
253. 439,
247. 612,
249 .552,
395. 595,
397. 5 16,
397. 522,
2448.0,
2179 .0,
1791. 0,
-
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
Pº)
3.108 251. 492, 39.7. 529, 1890.0, ! END !
3109 253. 432, 397.536, 213.3.0, ! END !
31.10 249. 5.45, 399.463, 2082.0, ! END !
31 ll 251. 485, 399. 469, 2112.0, ! END !
3112 253 . 426, 399. 476, 2075.0, ! END !
31.13 249. 539, 401. 403, 2146.0, ! END !
3114 251. 479, 401. 409, 1925.0, ! End
3.115 253. 419, 401. 416, 1936.0, ! END !
31.16 249. 532, 403. 343, 2038. 0, ! END !
3 117 251. 472, 403. 349, 1816.0, ! END !
3.118 253. 412, 403.356, 1745.0, ! END !
31.19 251. 465, 405. 289, 1685.0, ! END !
31 20 253. 405, 405. 296, 1663.0, ! END !
3121 251. 459, 407.229, 1652.0, ! END !
3.12.2 253. 399, 407.236, 1718.0, ! END !
3.123 251. 648, 408.491, 1621.0, ! END !
3,124 251. 642, 410. 431, 1623.0, ! END !
31.25 249. 696, 412. 267, 1631.0, ! END !
312.6 251. 635, 412. 371, 1658.0, ! END !
31.27 245. 810, 414. 194, 1626.0, ! END !
31.28 24 7. 749, 41.4.200, 1653.0, ! END !
3129 249. 689, 414 .207, 1645.0, ! END !
3.130 241. 924, 416. 120, 1657.0, ! END !
31 31 243. 863, 416. 127, 1624.0, ! END !
3132 245. 803, 416. 133, 1683.0, ! END !
31.33 239. 978, 417. 957, 1677.0, ! END !
313.4 241. 917, 418.060, 1692.0, ! END !
3135 243 .857, 418.066, 1721.0, ! END !
3.13.6 239. 972, 419.896, 1723.0, ! END !
3.137 239. 869, 421. 835, 1808. 0, ! END !
3.138 275. 932, 219.913, 1957.0, ! END !
3139 277. 878, 1985.0,
219. 920, ! END !
31 40 277. 871, 1848. 0,
221. 866, ! END !
3141 2.79. 817, 1837.0,
221. 874, ! END !
3.142 273. 972, 1950. 0,
223. 798, ! END !
31 4 3 275. 918, 1892.0,
223. 805, ! END !
3.144 277. 864, 1860.0,
223.812, ! END !
31.45 279 . . 810, 1706. 0,
223. 819, ! END !
3.146 273. 965, 1950.0,
225. 744, ! END !
31.47 275. 910, 1828. 0,
225. 751, ! END !
3148 277. 856, 1706.0,
225. 758, ! END !
3149 272. 012, 1966.
227.682, ! END !
3150 273. 957, 1848.
227. 689, ! END !
3.15.1 275. 903, 1793.
227. 697, ! END !
3.15.2 277. 849, 1447.
227.704, ! END !
3.15.3 272. 005, 1950.
229. 628, ! END !
3154 273. 950, 1584.
229. 635, ! END !
3 155 275. 896, 1463.
229. 642, ! END !
315 6 271. 997, 1767.
231.574, ! END !
31.57 273. 943, 1558.
231. 581,
3 158
3.15.9
270 . 0.45,
2.71. 990,
233.5.12,
233.519,
1587.
1435.
. ! END !
! END !
! END !
31 60 187 . 805, 2320.
417. 519, ! END !
31 61 189. 744, 2438.
417. 524, ! END !
3.162 185. 861, 2258.
419. 454, ! END !
31 63 187. 800, 2372.
419. 459, ! END !
31 64 189. 740, 2124.
419. 463, ! END !
31.65 191. 679, 20.67.
419. 468, ! END !
3166 193. 619, 2310.
419. 473, ! END !
31 67 195. 558, 21.97.
419. 478, ! END !
31 68 197. 498, 2.255.
419. 482, r
! END !
31 69 199. 437,
419. 487, 2259.0,
31.70 203. 316, ! END !
419. 497, 22 62.0,
31 71 183 . 917, ! END !
421. 389, 2377.0,
3.17.2 185. 856, ! END !
421. 393, 2395.0,
31 73 187. 796, ! END !
421. 398, 2441.0,
317 4 189. 735, ! END !
421. 403, 2379.0,
31 75 19 1. 674, ! END !
421. 407, 23.17.0,
317 6. 19 3. 614, ! END !
421. 412, 21 64.0,
3.177 195 . 553, ! END !
421. 417, 2148.0,
31 78 19.7. 49.3 ! END !
-- r 421. 422, 2256.0, ! END !
317 9 199. 432, 421. 427, 21 4 0. ! END !
31.80 201 - 372, 421 . 432, 2.134. ! END !
3.18.1 203. 311, 421. 437, 2124. ! END !
3.182 205.250, 421. 442, 2090. ! END !
31.83 207. 190, 421. 447, 2012. ! END !
3.18.4 185. 852, 423. 333, 21 61. ! END !
3.185 187. 791, 423. 337, 21.95. ! END !
3.18.6 189. 7.30, 423. 342, 1978. ! END !
31.87 191. 670, 423. 347, 1867. ! END !
3.188 193. 609, 423. 352, 2256. ! END !
3.18.9 195.548, 423. 356, 22.67. ! END !
31.90 197. 488, 423. 361, 2195 . ! END !
3.191 199.427, 423. 366, 1841. ! END !
3.192 201. 367, 423. 371, 1961. ! END !
3.19.3 203. 306, 423. 376, 1854. ! END !
3.194 205.245, 423 . 381, 1951. ! END !
31.95 207. 185, 423. 387, 1890. ! END !
31.96 209. 124, 423 . 392, 1866. ! END !
31.97 2 11.063, 423. 397, 1762. ! END !
31.98 213.003, 423. 403, 2011. ! END !
31.99 214. 942, 423. 408, 1977. ! END !
3200 222. 700, 423. 431, 1886. ! END !
320.1 181.968, 425. 263, 2152. ! END !
3202 183.908, 425. 268, 1941. ! END !
3203 185. 847, 425. 272, 2135. ! END !
3204 187. 786, 4.25. 277, 1876. ! END !
3205 189. 726, 425. 281, 1872. ! END !
3206 191. 665, 425. 286, 2027 . ! END !
3207 193. 604, 425. 291, 2092. ! END !
3208 195.544, 425. 296, 22.72. ! END !
3209 197. 483, 4.25. 301, 2256. ! END !
3.210 199. 422, 425. 306, 2143. ! END !
32.11 201. 362, 425. 311, 1903. ! END !
3.212 203. 301, 425. 316, 1841. ! END !
32.13 205.240, 4.25 . 321, 1892. ! END !
3214 207. 179, 425. 326, 1841. ! END !
3215 -
209. 119, 425. 3.31, 1957. ! END !
3216 211.058, 425. 337, 1964. ! END !
32.17 212.997, 425. 3:42, 1887. ! END !
3.218 214. 937, 425. 34.7, 1838. ! END !
32.19 216.876, 425. 353, 1773. ! END !
3220 218.815, 425. 359, 1900. ! END !
3221 220. 755, 4.25. 364, 1830.0, ! END !
3.222 185. 843, 427. 211, 2013. 0, ! END !
3.223 187. 782, 427. 21 6, 21:07.0, ! END !
3224 189.721, 427. 221, 1841.0, ! END !
3225 191.660, 427. 225, 2018. 0, ! END !
3226 193. 599, 427. 230, 1951. 0, ! END !
3227 195.539, 427. 235, 2047.0, - ! END !
3.228 197.478, 427. 240, 225 6.0, ! END !
3229 199. 417, 427. 245, 215 6.0, ! END !
32.30 201. 356, 427. 250, 2 195.0, ! END !
3231 203.296, 427. 255, 1951.0, ! END !
31.98
3199 :
X =
x =
213.003,
214. 942,
423. 403,
423. 408,
2011. 0,
1977. O,
0.0
0.0
!
!
! END !
! END !
S&
ºb 3200
320.1
!
!
x =
x =
222. 700,
18 1.968,
423. 431,
425.263,
1886. 0,
2152.0,
0.0
0.0
END !
END !
St
ºb 3202
3203
| X =
X =
183.908,
185. 847,
425. 268,
425. 272,
1941.0,
2135.0,
0.0
0.0 !
! END !
! END !
ho -
3204
3205 !
| x =
X =
187. 786,
189. 726,
425.277,
425. 281,
1876. 0,
1872.0,
0.0
0.0
!
!
! END !
! END !
re -
º
3206
3207
X =
X =
191. 665,
193. 604,
4.25. 286,
425. 291,
2027.0,
2092.0,
0.0
0.0 !
END !
! END !
3208 X = 195.544, 425 - 296, 2272.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3209 : x = 197. 483, 425. 301, 225 6.0, 0.0 ! END !
3210 ! X = 199. 422, 4.25. 306, 2143.0, 0.0 ! ! END ! >
3.21.1 : x = 201. 362, 425 - 311, 1903. 0, 0.0 ! ! END ! TU
re 3.21.2
3.21.3
:
:
X =
x =
203. 301,
205.240,
425. 316,
425 - 321,
1841.0,
1892.0,
0.0
0.0
!
!
! END !
! END !
S.
>
3.214 X = 207. 179, 425. 326, 1841.0, 0.0 ! END ! U
re 3.21.5
3216
! X =
X =
209. 119,
2 11.058,
425. 331,
425. 337,
1957. 0,
1964. 0,
0.0
0.0
! ! END !
! END !
S&
32.17 : x = 212.997, 4.25. 342, 1887. 0, 0.0 ! ! END ! >
3218 X = 214. 937, 425. 34.7, 1838. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
32.19 X = 216.876, 425. 353, 1773. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
3220 ! X = 218.815, 425.359, 1900.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.22.1 ! X = 220. 755, 425. 364, 1830.0, 0.0 END !
3.222 | X = 185. 843, 427. 211, 2013. 0, 0.0 ! ! END ! 4
__-
3250 ! X = 197. 468, 431. 118, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
325.1 ! x = 199.407, 431. 123, 1850.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
32.52 : x = 201. 346, 431. 128, 1889.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.253 : X = 203.286, 431. 133, 1898. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
32.54 X = 189.707, 4.33.038, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3255 X = 191. 646, 433.043, 1862.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.256 X = 193. 585, 4.33.048, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! End
32.57 : x = 195.524, 4.33.053, 1841.0, O. O ! ! END !
3.258 X = 197. 463, 4.33.057, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.259 X = 199. 402, 4.33.062, 1866. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.260 ! X = 201. 341, 433.06.7, 1892.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3261 | X = 203. 280, 4.33.073, 1895.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.262 | X = 187. 763, 434. 973, 1951.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3263 : X = 189. 702, 434. 977, 2011.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.264 x = 191. 641, 434. 982, 2011.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3265 ! X = 193. 580, 434. 987, 1909.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3266 X = 195.519, 434. 992, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3267 X = 197. 458, 434.996, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3268 x = 199.397, 435.001, 1860. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
32.69 x = 193. 576, 436. 926, 1890.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3270 : x = 195.514, 436.931, 1866. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.27.1 ! X = 197. 453, 436.935, 1908. 0, 0.0 ! ! End
3272 : x = 199.392, 436.940, 204 4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.273 X = 193. 571, 4.38.865, 1862.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3274 : X = 195.510, 4.38.869, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.275 : X = 197. 449, 4.38.874, 1890.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.276 : x = 191. 627, 440.799, 1889.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.277 : x = 193. 566, 4 40.803, 1856. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.278 x = 195.505, 4 40.808, 1844.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3279 ( x = 197. 444, 4 40.813, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
32.80 ! x = 199.382, 4 40.818, 1936.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
328.1 ! x = 193. 561, 442. 742, 1880.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3282 : X = 195.500, 442. 747, 1858. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3283 : x = 197. 439, 442. 752, 1841.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.284 x = 199.377, 442. 757, 1889.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3285 ! X = 190. 614, 337. 854, 1441.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3286 X = 192. 556, 337. 858, 1424.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.287 x = 192. 552, 339.800, 1440.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.288 . x = 194.494, 339.902, 1439.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.289 : x = 196.436, 339.907, 1425.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.290 X = 192.450, 341 .. 742, 1462.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.29.1 ! x = 194.392, 3.41. 844, 1424.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.292 : x = 194.387, 343. 786, 1464.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.293 : X = 196. 329, 343. 791, 1438.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.294 X = 198.271, 343. 796, 1461.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.29.5 ! x = 194.382, 345. 728, 1463.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.296 : x = 196.324, 345. 733, 145 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.297 : X = 198.266, 345. 738, 1462.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.298 X = 194.377, 3.47. 670, 1463.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.299 : x = 196.319, 347. 675, 1448.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3300 x = 4.01 .769, 216. 911, 2659.0, O. O. : ! END !
3.30.1 ! x = 403. 715, 21 6.923, 2853.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.302 | X = 405. 662, 216.934, 3094.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.303 : x = 407. 608, 216.945, 39 18.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.304 x = 397.865, 218.835, 3390.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.30.5 ! x = 3.99.812, 218.846, 2648.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3306 X = 401. 758, 218.858, 2550.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.307 X = 403. 704, 218.869, 2804 - 0, O. O. ! END !
3.308 : x = 405. 650, 218.880, 3.130.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.309 : x = 407.59 6, 218.892, 3657.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.310 ! X = 397. 854, 220. 781, 3040.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.31.1 ! X = 399. 800, 220. 793, 2357.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
33 12 x = 401.746, 220. 804, 2561.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.31.3 : X = 403. 693, 220.815, 2653.0, O. O. " ! END !
3.314 X = 405. € 39, 220. 827, 287.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.31.5 ! x = 407. 585, 220.838, 3373. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
33 16 x = 397.843, 222. 728, 2487.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.317 | x = 399.789, 222. 739, 25 68.0, O. O. ! END !
33 18 x = 401. 735, 222. 750, 2436.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
33 19 X = 403. 681, 222. 761, 28.49.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3 320 ! x = 405. € 27, 222. 773, 264 1.0, 0.0 - ! END !
3.321 407. 574, 222. 784, 32.77. ! END !
3,322
3.323
3.324
3.325
3.326
3327
3.328
3.329
397.832,
3.99. 778,
401. 724,
403. 670,
405. 616,
407.562,
393. 929,
224 . 674,
224. 685,
224.696,
224. 707,
224. 719,
224. 730,
226. 597,
2691.
2905.
2539.
29 62.
3400.
3.108.
2659.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
395.875, 226. 609, 2814. ! END !
3330 397.821, 226. 620, 3207. ! END !
33.31 399. 767, 226. 631, 3,309. ! END !
33.32
3.333
401 - 713,
403. 659,
226. 642, 2723.
3.386.
! END ! º
226. 653, ! END !
3334 405. 605, 226. 665, 38 40. ! END !
333.5 407.551, 226. 676, 3765 . ! END !
333.6 393. 918, 228.5 4 3, 32.40. ! END !
33 37 395.864, 228.554, 33.66. ! END !
3.338 397.810, 228. 566, 357 7. ! END !
3.339
3.340
3.34.1
3342
33.43
3344
3.345
33.46
-
3.99. 756,
401. 701,
403. 647,
405.593,
407. 539,
391.961,
393. 907,
395. 853,
228.577,
228. 588,
228.599,
228. 611,
228. 622,
230. 478,
230. 489,
3058.
2865.
3352.
3.367.
3745.
2894.
3762.
3352.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
230. 500,
334 7 397. 798, 230. 512, 325 6. ! END !
3348 3.99. 744, 230.523, 3522. ! END !
33.49 401 - 690, 230. 534, 3.365. ! END !
3350 405. 582, 230. 557, 3901. ! END !
3.351 391.950, 232. 424, 3352. ! END !
3352 393. 896, 232. 4 35, 3791. r ! END !
3.353 395. 842, 232.446, 3000. r ! END !
33.54 397. 787, 232.457, 31.96. ! END !
3355 399. 733, 232.469, 3073. ! END !
3356
3.357
3.358
3359
3360
3.361
3362
401. 679,
393.885,
395.830,
397. 776,
102.106,
104.04 6,
105.987,
232. 480,
23.4 .381,
234. 392,
234. 403,
388. 763,
388. 765,
388. 767,
291.3.
3.18.3.
275 3.
24 91.
2872.
2743.
3353.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
33.63 107. 927, 388. 768, 34.67. ! END !
3.364 109.868, 388. 770, 31 70. ! END !
33.65 111.808, 388. 772, 31 70. ! END !
3.366 –
113. 748, 388. 775, 3.121. ! END !
33 6.7 115. 689, 388. 777, 30.96. ! END !
33 6.8 117. 629, 388. 779, 3022. ! END !
3.369 121. 510, 388. 784, 3.14 6. ! END !
3370 129.271, 388. 794, 30 12. ! END !
33.71 131.212, 388. 796, 2.926. ! END !
3.37.2 133. 152, 388. 799, 24.99. ! END !
3.373
3374
3.375
3.376
337 7
33 78
33.79
90.462,
92.403,
94. 343,
96.283,
98.224,
100. 164,
102. 104,
390. 694,
390. 695,
390. 697,
390. 698,
390. 700,
390. 702,
390.703,
3270.
31 70. 0,
3160.
3052.
2987.
3002.
3048.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
338 O -
104.045, 390. 705, 2885. ! END !
338 1 105.985, 390. 707, 3360. ! END !
! END !
\-
3.382 107.925, 390. 709, 3160. 0,
338 3 109. 866, 390. 711, 345 6.0, ! END !
338.4 111.806, 390. 713, 3251. ! END !
33.85 113. 746, 31 70. ! END !
390. 715,
3.386 115. 686, 390. 717, 2991. ! END !
33.87 117. 627, 26.13. ! END !
390. 719,
3388 119.567, 390. 722, 3292. ! END !
338 9. 121. 507, 390. 724, 33.31. ! END
3390 123. 448, 390. 726, 3180. ! END !
3.39.1 127. 328, 390. 732, 3048. ! END !
3392 129.269, 390. 734, 2621.0, ! END !
33.93 131. 209, 390. 737, 2743.0, ! END !
3394 133. 149, 39.0. 740, 2804 - 0, ! END !
3.395 90.461, 392.634, 3048. 0, ! END !
3396 92.401, 392.636, 2987.0, ! END !
3.397 94. 341, 392. 637, 3170.0, ! END !
3398 96.282, 392.639, 31.11.0, ! END !
3.399 98.222, 392.640, 3075.0, ! END !
3400 100. 162, 392.642, 31 64.0, ! END !
3401 102. 102, 392. 644, 3.130.0, ! END !
34 02 104.043, 392.645, 280.4.0, ! END !
34 03 105.983, 392.647, 3073.0, ! END !
3.404 107.923, 392. 649, 3132.0, ! END !
3405 109. 863, 392.651, 3579.0, ! END !
3406 111.804, 392.653, 3395.0, ! END !
3.407 113. 744, 392.655, 3293.0, ! END !
34.08 115.684, 392.657, 2932.0, ! END !
34 09 117. 625, 392.660, 3.23.1.0, ! END !
3.410 119.565, 392. 662, 3.424.0, ! END !
34 11 121.505, 392.664, 3494.0, ! END !
3412 123. 445, 392.667, 3414.0, ! END !
34 13 125 - 386, 392.669, 3143.0, ! END !
3414 127. 326, 392.672, 2743.0, ! END !
34.15 129.266, 392.674, 32.72.0, ! END !
3.416 131. 206, 392. 677, 32.69.0, ! END !
34.17 133. 147, 392. 680, 3089.0, ! END !
3.418 92. 400, 394.576, 3048.0, ! END !
3419 94. 340, 394.577, 3148.0, ! END !
3.420 96.280, 394.579, 3109.0, ! END !
3.421 98.220, 394.5.8.l., 3207. 0, ! END !
3422 100. 160, 394.5.82, 3414.0, ! END !
3.423 102.101, 394.584, 3075.0, ! END !
34.24 104.041, 394.586, 2834.0, ! END !
3.425 105.981, 394.588, 3293.0, ! END !
3.426 107.9.21, 394.5.89, 3.230.0, ! END !
3.427 109.8 61, 394.591, 35.52.0, ! END !
342.8 111. 802, 394.593, 3.249. 0 ! END !
3.429 113. 742, 394.596, 31.10.0 ! END !
34.30 115. 682, 394.598, 2743.0 ! END !
3431 117. 622, 394. 600, 3.357. O ! END !
34.32 119.562, 394. 602, 3353.0 ! END !
3.433 121. 503, 394. 605, 34 07.0 ! END !
34 34 123. 443, 394. 607, 3.255.0 ! END !
34 35 125.383, 394. 610, 3093.0, ! END !
34.36 127. 323, 394.612, 3048. 0, ! END !
3.437 129.264, 394. 615, 3505.0, ! END !
3438 131. 204, 394.617, 3.172.0, ! END !
343.9 133. 144, 394. £20, 3338.0, ! END !
34 40 135.084, 394. 623, 35 37. r ! END !
3441 137.024, 394. 626, 3.294. ! END !
34.42 138.965, 394. 629, 3475. ! END !
3443 140. 905, 394.632, 3.303. ! END !
3.444 142.845, 394. 635, 3206. ! END !
3.445 92. 398, 396. 516, 297 7. ! END !
344 6 94.338, 396.518, 2987. ! END !
3.447 96.278, 39 6.519, 3.115. ! END !
34.48 98.219, 396. 521, 34 7.5
- ! END !
34 49 100. 159, 396.522, 35 36. ! END !
34 50 102. 0.99, 396. 524, 317 6. ! END !
3451 104.039, 39 6.526, 29.14. ! END !
34.52 105.979, 39%. 528, 3455. ! END !
3453 107.919, 396.530, 33.31. ! END !
3.454 109.859, 39 6.532, 3.397. ! END !
3455 111. 800, 39 6.534, 3.342. r ! END !
345 6 113. 740, 396.536, 3208. ! END !
3 4 57 115. 680, 396.538, 29.08. ! END !
3.458 117. 620, 39 & .540, 3.230. ! END !
3459 119. 560, 39 6.542, 36 38. ! END !
34 60 121.500, 39 6.545, 3475.0, ! END !
34 61 123.440, 39 6.547, 3405.0, ! END !
34.62 125.381, 39 6.550, 3031.0, ! END !
34 63 127. 321, 3.96 . 552, ! END !
34.64 129.261, 396. 555, ! END !
34 65 13 1. 201, 3.96 . 558, ! END !
34 66 133. 141, 396. 560, ! END !
34 67 135.081, 3.96 . 563, ! END !
34 68 137.021, 396. 566, ! END !
34 69 138.962, 396. 569, ! END !
3 470 1 4 0.902, 39 6. 572, ! END !
34.71 142.842, 396. 575, ! END !
3.472 144. 782, 396. 578, ! END !
3473 92.397, 398. 456, ! END !
3.474 94. 337, 398. 458, ! END !
34 7.5 96.277, 398. 459, ! END !
34 7.6 98.217, 398. 461, ! END !
3.477 100. 157, 398. 463, ! END !
3.478 102.097, 398 464, ! END !
34.79 104.037, 398 . 466, ! END !
3480 105.977, 398. 468, ! END !
3 481 107.917, 398. 470, ! END !
3482 109.857, 398. 472, ! END !
3483 111. 797, 398. 474, ! END !
3.48 4 113. 738, 398. 476, ! END !
3,485 115. 678, 398. 478, ! END !
34.86 117. 618, 398. 480, ! END !
34.87 119.558, 398. 483, ! END !
3488 121.498, 398. 485, ! END !
3 489 123.438, 398. 487, ! END !
3.490 125. 378, 398. 490, ! END !
3491 127.318, 398. 492, ! END !
34.92 129. 258, 398. 495, ! END !
3493 131. 198, 398. 498, ! END !
349 4 133. 138, 398 . 501, ! END !
34.95 135.079, 398. 503, ! END !
3496 137.019, 398 . 506, ! END !
3497 138.959, 398. 509, ! END !
3498 140. 899, 398 . 512, ! END !
34.99 142.839, 398. 515, ! END !
3500 144. 779, 398 . 518, ! END !
35.01 146.719, 398. 522, ! END !
3502 92. 395, 400 . 396, ! END !
3503 94. 335, 400. 398, ! END !
3504 96.275, 400. 3.99, ! END !
3505 98.215, 400. 401, ! END !
35 06 100. 155, 400. 403, ! END !
3507 102.095, 400. 404, ! END !
3508 104.035, 400. 406, ! END !
3509 105.975, 400 . 408, ! END !
35 10 107.915, 400. 4 10, ! END !
35 11 109.855, 400 . 412, ! END !
35 12 111.795, 400. 4 14, ! END !
3513 113. 735, 400. 416, ! END !
3514 115. 675, 400. 418, ! END !
35 15 117. 615, 400. 420, ! END !
35 16 119. 555, 400. 423, ! END !
351 7 121. 495, 400. 425, ! END !
3518 123. 435, 400. 427, ! END !
3519 125. 376, 400 . 430, ! END !
3520 127.316, 400 . 433, ! END !
3521 129. 256, 400 435, ! END !
352.2 131. 196, 400 . 438, ! END !
3523 133. 136, 400. 441, ! END !
35 24 135.076, 400. 443, ! END !
3525 137.016, 400. 446, ! END !
52 138. 956, 400. 449, ! END !
3527 1 40.896, 400. 452, ! END !
352.8 142.836, 400. 455, ! END !
529 144. 776, 400 . 459, ! END !
|
! END !
! END !
END !
END !
END !
END !
END !
| END !
i
36.31 : X = 104.028, 408 - 166, 3185.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3632 : X = 105.968, 408. 168, 35 36.0, 0.0 END !
3.633 x = 107.907, 408. 170, 3299.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3634 X = 109. 847, 408. 172, 3827.0, 0.0 END !
3 635 ! X = 111. 787, 408 - 174, 34 14.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
36.36 X = 113. 727, 408. 176, 3279.0, 0.0 END !
36.37 X = 115. 667, 408. 178, 3477.0, 0.0 END !
36.38 : x = 117. 606, 408. 180, 3.454.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
36.39 X = 119.546, 408. 182, 3323.0, 0.0 END !
36.40
36.41
3642
3 643
3644
3.645
36.46
|
(
|
X =
X =
x =
X =
X =
X =
x =
121. 486,
123. 426,
125. 365,
127. 305,
129 .245,
131. 185,
133. 125,
408 - 185,
408. 187,
408. 190,
408 - 192,
408. 195,
408. 198,
408. 200,
39.01.0,
3620.0,
3540.0,
3555.0,
35.81 - 0,
3811 - 0,
3.424.0,
O. O
0.0
0.0
0.0
0. 0
0. 0
0.0
!
|
!
|
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
| END !
END !
l
3647 ( x = 135. 0.64, 408. 203, 3358. 0, 0.0 END !
3648 X = 137.004, 408. 206, 3292.0, 0.0 END !
36.49 X = 138.944, 408. 209, 3216.0, 0.0 END !
3650 ! X = 1 40.884, 408. 212, 3,123.0, 0.0 END !
365 1 : x = 1 42.823, 408. 215, 3088. 0, 0. 0 | | END !
3652 : X = 144. 763, 408 - 218, 3205. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.653 : x = 146.703, 408. 222, 3245.0, 0.0 END !
º- 3654 X = 148. 643, 408. 225, 3538.0, O. O END !
3 655 X = 100. 147, 410. 102, 3324.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
Fo 365 6 X = 102.086, 410. 104, 2.972.0, 0.0 ! END !
ºp
Fo
Po
3.657
3 658
3659
3660
366.1
36 62
3663
:
!
!
|
X =
X =
x =
X =
X =
X =
x =
104. 026,
105.966,
107.905,
109. 845,
111. 785,
113. 725,
115. 6.64,
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
106,
108,
109,
111,
113,
116,
118,
3048. 0,
3430.0,
3369.0,
3.658. 0,
3355.0,
31 63.0,
38 40.0,
0.0
O. O
O. O.
O. O
0.0
0.0
O. O.
!
!
END !
! END !
END !
! END !
END !
END !
END !
l
Po 36 64 X = 117. 604, 410. 120, 337 3.0, 0.0 ! END !
ºp
36 65
36 66
! X =
X =
119. 544,
21. 483,
410.
410.
122,
125,
34 08.0,
34 15.0,
O. O.
0.0
END !
! END !
\-
3.667 X = 123. 423, 410. 127, 3698. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
P2 3 668 X = 125.363, 410. 130, 3414.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
36 69 X = 127. 303, 410. 132, 3541.0, O. O ! ! END !
|2 3670 ! X = 129. 242, 410. 135, 34 64.0, 0.0 END !
3 671 | X = 131. 182, 410. 137, 3719. O, O. O ! ! END !
B2 3672 ( x = 133. 122, 410. 140, 38 61.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
36 73 X = 1 35.062, 410. 143, 368 6. 0, 0.0 END !
BO
º
3674
36.75
:
!
x =
X =
137.001,
138. 941,
410. 146,
410. 149,
34 61.0,
32 74.0,
0.0
0.0
!
!
! END !
! END !
i
3534 X = 92.394, 402. 337, 3655.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35 3.5 ! X = 94. 334, 402. 338, 3293.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35 36 : x = 96.274, 402. 339, 3151.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3537 X = 98.214, 402. 341, 35 42.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.538 : X = 100. 153, 402. 343, 3.295.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3539 : X = 102.093, 402. 344, 33.10.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.40 X = 104.033, 402. 346, 3392.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3541 X = 105.973, 402. 348, 3414.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3542 X = 107.913, 402. 350, 3491.0, O. O. " ! END !
35 4 3 X = 109.853, 402. 352, 33.49.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.44 X = 111.793, 402. 354, 3250.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.45 ! X = 113. 733, 402. 356, 3299.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3546 X = 115. 673, 402. 358, 335 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.47 1 x = 117. 613, 402. 360, 281.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.48 x = 119.553, 402. 363, 3743.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.49 : X = 121. 493, 402. 365, 3477.0, 0.0 ! END !
3.5 50 ! X = 123. 433, 402. 367, 337 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.51 X = 125 .373, 402. 370, 3.489.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.52 x = 127 .313, 402. 373, 3113.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.53 : x = 129. 253, 402. 375, 3351.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.54 X = 131. 193, 402. 378, 3666.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.55 X = 133. 133, 402. 381, 3536.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3556 x = 135.073, 402. 383, 3851 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.57 : x = 137.013, 402. 386, 3415.0, 0.0 ! END !
35.58 X = 138. 953, 402. 389, 3597. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3559 X = 140. 893, 402. 392, 332.1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3560 ! x = 142.833, 402. 395, 309 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
356.1 ! x = 144. 773, 402. 399, 2.93.3.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3562 | X = 146.713, 402.402, 3076.0, O. O. " ! END !
3563 x = 148.653, 402.405, 3405.0, 0.0 ! END !
35 64 x = 150.593, 402.409, 3.667.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35 65 X = 152.533, 402.412, 35 36.0, 0.0 ! END !
35 66 : x = 92. 392, 404. 276, 325 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35 67 | x = 94. 332, 404.278, 3475.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3568 x = 96.272, 404.279, 29.57.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3569 : x = 98.212, 404. 281, 3729.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
357 O ! X = 100. 152, 404.283, 36.27.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
357.1 ! X = 102.092, 404.284, 3582.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3572 x = 104. 032, 404.286, 3619.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
35.73 x = 105.971, 404.288, 3353.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3574 : x = 107.911, 404.290, 3491.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
357.5 ! x = 109.851, 404.292, 3392.0, 0.0 ! END !
3576 : x = 111. 791, 404.294, 3.658. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.577 : x = 113. 731, 404 - 296, 344.7.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3578 : x = 115. 671, 404.298, 3461.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3579 X = 117. 611, 404.300, 3.366.0, 0.0 ! END !
3580 ! x = 119.551, 404. 303, 3377.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3581 : x = 121. 491, 404. 305, 3.658. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3582 x = 123. 431, 404. 307, 344.7.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3583 : x = 125.370, 404.310, 3475.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3584 x = 127.310, 404.312, 3353.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3585 x = 129. 250, 40.4.315, 3452.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
358 6 X = 131. 190, 404. 318, 3.658. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3587 x = 133. 130, 404.321, 3719.0, 0.0 ! END !
3588 x = 135.070, 404.323, 3414.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3589 : X = 137.010, 404. 326, 3353.0, O. O. ! END !
3590 ! x = 138. 950, 404.329, 3266.0, 0.0 ! END !
3.59.1 ! x = 140.890, 404. 332, 32.19.0, 0.0 ! END !
3592 : x = 142.830, 404. 335, 3335.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3593 : x = 144. 770, 404.338, 2865. O, 0.0 ! ! END !
3594 : x = 146. 709, 404.342, 3232.0, 0.0 ! END !
3595 : X = 148. 649, 404. 345, 3567.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3596 x = 92.391, 406. 216, 3453.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3597 : X 94. 331, 406. 218, 345 6.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3598 : x = 96.270, 406. 219, 2866.0, O. O. " ! END !
3599 X 98.210, 406. 221, 3137.0, 0.0 ! END !
3600 : x = 100. 150, 406. 223, 3780.0, O. O. : ! END !
360.1 ! x = 102. 0.90, 406. 224, 325 1.0, 0.0 ! END !
3602 | X = 104. 030, 406. 226, 325 1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.603 | x = 105.970, 406. 228, 363 1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
36.04 " x = 107.909, 406. 230, 3279.0, 0.0 ! END !
3605 109. 849, 406. 232, ! END !
3606 111. 789, 406. 234, ! END !
3607
3608
3.609
3 610
3611
361.2
3613
113. 729,
115.
117.
119.
121.
123.
669,
609,
548,
488,
428,
125.368,
406. 236,
406. 238,
406. 240,
406. 243,
406. 245,
406. 247,
406. 250,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
3 614 127.308, 406. 252, ! END !
3 615 129. 248, 406. 255, ! END !
3 616 131. 187, 406. 258, ! END !
361 7
3618
133. 127,
135.067,
406 . 260,
406. 263,
. ! END !
! END !
3619 137. 007, 406 . 266, ! END !
3620 138.947, 406. 269, ! END !
36.21 1 4 0.887, 406. 272, ! END !
3622 142.827, 406. 275, ! END !
36.23 144. 766, 406. 278, ! END !
3 624 146. 706, 406. 282, ! END !
36.25 148.646, 406. 285, ! END !
3626 92. 389, 4.08 . 156, ! END !
3627 94. 329, 408. 158, ! END !
3628 96.269, 4.08 . 159, ! END !
36.29 100. 148, 408. 162, ! END !
§
re
36.30
3 631
3 632
36.33
102.088,
104 - 028,
105.968,
107.907,
408. 164,
4 08 . 166,
408. 168,
408. 170,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
3634 109.847, 408. 172, ! END !
3 635 111. 787, 408. 174, ! END !
36.36 113. 727, 408. 176, ! END !
3 637 115. 667, 408. 178, ! END !
3638 117. 606, 408. 180, ! END !
3639 119.546, 408. 182, ! END !
3 640
3641
36.42
364 3
3644
3 645
36.46
121. 486,
123. 426,
125. 365,
127. 305,
129 .245,
131. 185,
133. 125,
408. 185,
4.08 . 187,
408. 190,
408. 192,
408. 195,
408. 1 98,
408. 200,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
3647 135. 0.64, 408. 203, ! END !
3648 137.004, 408. 206, ! END !
36.49 138.944, 408. 209, ! END !
3650 1 4 0.884, 4.08 . 212, ! END !
365 1 142.823, 4.08 . 215, ! END !
3652 144. 763, 408. 218, ! END !
3.653 146.703, 4.08 222, ! END !
365 4 148. 643, 408. 225, ! END !
3655 100. 147, 410. 102, ! END !
3.656 102.086, 410. 104, ! END !
3.657
3.658
3 659
36 60
3661
3.662
3 663
104.026,
105.966,
107.905,
109.845,
111. 785,
113. 725,
115. 6.64,
4 10. 106,
410. 108,
410. 109,
410. 1 11,
410. 113,
410. 116,
4 10. 118,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
3664 117. 604, 4 10. 120, ! END !
36 65
36.66
119 - 544, 410. 122,
410. 125,
! END !
! END !
\.
121. 483,
3 667 123. 423, 410. 127, ! END !
3.668 125.363, 410. 130, ! END !
3 669 127. 303, 410. 132, ! END !
36 70 129. 242, 410. 135, -- ! END !
3 671 131. 182, 410. 137, ! END !
3672 -
133. 122, 410. 140, ! END !
3673 135.062, 410. 143, ! END !
3 674
36.75 x
137.001,
138 . 941,
4 10. 146,
410. 149,
! END !
! END !
|
3534 92 . 394, 402. 337, 3655.0, ! END !
3535 94 . 334, 402 338, 3293.0, ! END !
35 36 96 . 274, 402 339, 315 1.0, ! END !
3537 98 . 214, 402 341, 35 42.0, ! END !
3.538 100 . 153, 402 343, 3.295.0, ! END !
3539 102 .093, 402. 344, 33.10.0, ! END !
35.40 104 .033, 402 .346, 3392.0, ! END !
3541 105. 973, 402. 348, 3414.0, ! END !
35.42 107 .913, 402. 350, 3491.0, ! END !
35 4 3 109. 853, 402 352, 33.49.0, ! END !
35.44 111 . 793, 402. 354, 3250.0, ! END !
35.45 113. 733, 402 356, 3299.0, ! END !
35.46 115. 673, 402 358, 335 6.0, ! END !
3547 117 . 613, 402 360, 3281.0, ! END !
35.48 119. 553, 402 363, 3743.0, ! END !
35.49 121 . 493, 402 365, 3477.0, ! END !
35.50 123. 4.33, 402 367, 337 6.0, ! END !
35.51 125. 373, 402 370, 3 489. f ! END !
35.52 127. 313, 402 . 373, 3 113. ! END !
35.53 129. 253, 402. 375, 3351 . ! END !
3554 131 . 193, 402. 378, 3666. ! END !
3555 133. 133, 402 . 381, 35 36. ! END !
3556 135 . 073, 402. 383, 3851. ! END !
35.57 137. 013, 402 . 386, 3.415. ! END !
35.58 138 . 953, 402. 389, 3597. ! END !
3.559 140 . 893, 402. 392, 332 1. ! END !
35 60 142 . 833, 402 . 395, 309 6. ! END !
35 61 144. 773, 402. 399, 2933. ! END !
35 62 146. 713, 402 . 402, 3076. ! END !
3563 148 . 653, 402. 405, 34 05. ! END !
35 64 150. 593, 402 . 409, 3.667. ! END !
35 65 152 . 533, 402. 412, 35 36. ! END !
35 66 92. 392, 40.4 . 276, 325 6. ! END !
35 67 94 . 332, 40.4 .278, 34 7.5. ! END !
3568 96. 272, 40.4 .279, 2957. ! END !
3569 98 . 212, 40.4 . 281, 37.29. ! END !
357 O 100 . 152, 40.4 .283, 3627. . ! END !
357.1 102. 092, 40.4 . 284, 35.82. 0 ! END !
357.2 104 . 032, 40.4 .286, 3619. ! END !
3573 105. 971, 40.4 . 288, 3353. ! END !
3574 107 . 911, 40.4 . 290, 3491. ! END !
35.75 109. 851, 40.4 . 292, 3392. ! END !
357.6 1 11 . 791, 40.4 .294, 3.658. ! END !
357.7 113. 731, 40.4 . 296, 344 7. - ! END !
3578 115. 671, 40.4 . 298, 34 61. ! END !
357 9 117 . 611, 404. 300, 3.366. ! END !
3580 119. 551, 40.4 . 303, 3377. ! END !
3581 121 . 491, 404. 305, 3.658 . ! END !
3582 123. 431, 404. 307, 3.447. ! END !
3583 125 . 370, 40.4 . 310, 3.475. r ! END !
3584 127. 310, 404. 312, 3353. ! END !
3585 129 . 250, 40.4 . 315, 3452. ! END !
3586 131. 190, 404. 318, 3 658 . ! END !
358 7. 133 . 130, 404. 321, 3719.0, ! END !
3588 135. 070, 404. 323, 3414.0, ! END !
3589 1.37 .010, 404. 326, 3353.0, ! END !
3590 138 . 950, 40.4 . 329, 3266.0, ! END !
3.591 1 40 . 890, 404. 332, 32.19.0, ! END !
3592 142 . 830, 404. 335, 33.35. O ! END !
35 93 144 . 770, 404. 338, 2865 - 0 ! END !
3594 146. 709, 404. 342, 3.232. 0 - ! END !
3595 148. 649, 404. 345, 35 67 . 0 ! END !
3596 92 . 391, 406. 21 6, 3453.0, ! END !
3597 94. 331, 406.2 345 6. O ! END !
3598 96 . 270, 406.2 2866. 0 ! END !
3599 98 . 210, 406.2 3137. O ! END !
3600 100 . 150, 406. 37 80. O ! END !
3601 102 . 0.90, 406. 325 1.0, ! END !
3602 104 . 030, 406. 3251.0, ! END !
3603 105 . 970, 406. 3631.0, ! END !
3604 107 . 909, 40 €. r 3279.0, ! END !
3605 109. 849, 406. 232, 3.658. ! END !
3606 406. 234, 3453.
3607
3608
3.609
3610
3611
361.2
3 613
111. 789,
113. 729,
115. 669,
117. 609,
119.548,
121. 488,
123. 428,
406 .236,
406. 238,
406. 240,
406. 243,
406. 245,
406. 247,
406. 250,
3877.
35.13.
3541.
3759.
3523.
3595.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
125.368, 3548. ! END !
3614 127.308, 406. 252, 3353. ! END !
3615 29. 248, 406. 255, 3704. ! END !
361.6 131. 187, 406. 258, 38.40. ! END !
3 617 133. 127, 406. 260, 3475. ! END !
3618 135.067, 406. 263, 3557. ! END !
3619 137. 007, 406 . 266, 3769. ! END !
3620 138. 947, 406. 269, 3.427. ! END !
36.21 1 4 0.887, 406 . 272, 3.328. ! END !
3622 142. 827, 406. 275, 3.219. ! END !
3 623
3624
36.25
3626
3627
3628
3 629
36.30
144. 766,
146. 706,
148.646,
92. 389,
94. 329,
96.269,
100. 148,
102.088,
406. 278,
406. 282,
406. 285,
408. 156,
408. 158,
4.08 . 159,
408. 162,
408. 164,
2987.
3229.
3597.
31 70.
3.130.
2794.
3292.
3.231.
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
ll
3 631 104.028, 408. 166, 3.185. ! END !
3 632 105.968, 408. 168, 35 36. ! END !
36.33 107.907, 408. 170, 32.99. ! END !
3634 109.847, 408. 172, 3827. ! END !
3 635 111. 787, 408. 174, 3414. ! END !
36.36 113. 727, 408. 176, 3279. ! END !
3 637 115. 667, 408. 178, 34.77. ! END !
3 638 117. 606, 408. 180, 3.454. ! END !
3639 119.546, 408. 182, 3.323. ! END !
3640 121. 486, 408. 185, 3901. ! END !
3641 123. 426, 408. 187, 3620. ! END !
36.42 125. 365, 408. 190, 3540. ! END !
364 3 127. 305, 408. 192, 3555. ! END !
3644 129 .245, 408. 195, 35.81. ! END !
º, 36.45 408. 198, 38 11. ! END !
131. 185,
3.424. ! END !
Fo 36.46
3647
133. 125,
135. 0.64,
408 . 200,
408. 203, 3358. ! END !
3648 ! END !
ºb 36.49
137.004,
138. 944,
408. 206,
408. 209,
3.292
3216. ! END !
3650 140.884, 4.08 . 212, 31.23. ! END !
Fo 365 1 142.823, 4.08 . 215, 3088. ! END !
! END !
ºb 3652
3.653
144. 763,
146.703,
4.08 . 218,
4.08 .222,
3205 .
3.245. ! END !
365 4 148. 643, 408. 225, 3.538 ! END !
Fo 3655
3.656
100. 147,
102.086,
410. 102,
410. 104,
3.324.
2.972.
! END !
! END !
Fo 3.657 104. 026, 410 . 106, 3048. ! END !
3.658 105.966, 4 10. 108, 34 30. ! END !
ºb 3659 107.905, 410. 109, 3.369. ! END !
3 660 410. 111, 3.658. ! END !
Fo 3661
109. 845,
111. 785, 410. 113, 3355 ! END !
36 62 113. 725, 410. 116, 31 63. ! END !
º 3663 115. 6.64, 410. 118, 3840. ! END !
Pº
P2
Pº
367 4
36.75
137.001,
138. 941,
410. 146,
410. 1 49,
34 61.
32 74.
! END !
! END !
i
Pº
3.676 : X = 1 4 0.881, 410. 152, 3320.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3677 : X = 142.820, 410. 155, 3301 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3678 : X = 144. 760, 410. 158, 3.287.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3679 X = 146. 700, 410. 161, 3353.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3680 ! X = 148.639, 410. 165, 3305.0, 0.0 ! END !
3.68.1 ! X = 150.579, 410. 168, 34 0.3.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.682 | X = 104.024, 412. 0.45, 3224.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.683 : X = 105.964, 412. 047, 3.255.0, 0.0 ! END !
3684 X = 107.903, 412. 0.49, 3.27.1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.685 ! X = 109.843, 412. 051, 3585.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.686 X = 111. 783, 412.053, 3.475 - 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.687 : X = 113. 722, 412. 055, 3139.0, 0.0 ! END !
3688 X = 115. 662, 412.057, 3353.0, 0. 0 | ! END !
3.689 X = 117. 602, 412. 060, 3292.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3690 ! x = 119.541, 412.062, 3.486.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
369.1 ! X = 121.481, 412.064, 3547.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3692 : X = 123.421, 412. 0.67, 3296.0, 0.0 ! END !
3693 : X = 125.360, 412. 069, 356.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3694 X = 127. 300, 412.072, 3588.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3695 : x = 129. 240, 412. 074, 33.35.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3696 x = 131. 179, 4 12.077, 3658. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3697 : x = 133. 119, 412. 080, 3657.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3698 : X = 135.059, 412. 083, 3673.0, 0.0 ! END !
3699 X = 136.998, 412. 086, 3491.0, 0.0 ! END !
3700 : x = 138.938, 412. 089, 364 1.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3701 : X = 140.878, 412.092, 34.62.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3702 : X = 142.817, 4 12.095, 3410.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3703 x = 144. 757, 412. 0.98, 3531.0, 0.0 ! END !
3704 x = 146. 697, 412. 101, 3719.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3705 ! X = 148.636, 412. 104, 34 68.0, 0.0 ! END !
3706 : x = 150. 576, 412. 108, 3840.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3707 : x = 152.515, 412. 111, 3600.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3708 X = 105.962, 4 13. 987, 3229.0, 0.0 ! END !
3709 : x = 107.902, 413. 989, 3028.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3710 ! x = 109.841, 413. 991, 3475.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
371.1 : x = 111. 781, 4 13. 993, 345.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
371.2 : x = 113. 720, 413. 995, 323.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
371.3 : x = 115. 660, 4 13. 997, 3020.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
371 4 x = 117. 599, 4 13.999, 3414.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.715 X = 119. 539, 41.4.002, 33.10.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
371 6 1 x = 121.479, 414 - 004, 3437.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
37.17 x = 123.418, 4.14.006, 3170.0, 0.0 ! END !
3718 X = 125.358, 4 14.009, 35 66.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3719 x = 127. 297, 4.14.01.1, 3597.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3.720 ! X = 129. 237, 4.14.014, 3249.0, O. O. " ! END !
37.2.1 ! x = 131. 177, 4.14.017, 3613.0, 0.0 ! END !
3722 : X = 133. 116, 4 14.020, 3536.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3723 : x = 135.056, 4.14.022, 3597.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3724 x = 136.995, 4 14.025, 3840. 0, 0.0 ! END !
3725 X = 138.935, 4 14.028, 3779.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3726 x = 140.875, 414.031, 3719.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
37.27 x = 142.814, 4.14.034, 35.09.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3728 X = 144. 754, 4.14.038, 3353. O, 0.0 ! END !
3729 x = 146.693, 414. 041, 3534.0, 0.0 ! END !
37 30 : x = 148.633, 41.4.044, 330.4.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
373.1 : x = 150.572, 41.4.048, 3280.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
3732 : x = 152.512, 414. 051, 31 68.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
37 33 : x = 154.4 52, 4 14.055, 33.72.0, 0.0 ! END !
3734 x = 15 6. 391, 41.4.058, 3461.0, 0.0 ! END !
37 35 X = 115. 658, 415.937, 3.10.3.0, 0.0 ! END !
37.36 x = 117. 597, 415.939, 29:44.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
37 37 x = 119. 537, 415.941, 3436.0, O. O. " ! END !
3738 : x = 121.476, 415.944, 3475. 0, 0.0 ! ! END !
37 39 x = 123.416, 415.946, 31 49.0, 0.0 ! END !
3740 x = 125. 355, 415. 949, 3.35.4.0, O. O. " ! END !
374.1 ! x = 127. 299, 415.951, 34 61.0, 0.0 ! END !
3742 x = 129. 234, 415.954, 3231.0, 0.0 ! END !
37 43 x = 131. 174, 415.956, 3445.0, 0.0 - ! END !
37.44 x = 133. 113, 415.959, 367 6.0, 0.0 ! END !
37 45 ' x = 135.053, 415.962, 3,320.0, 0.0 ! END !
37.46 x = 136.993, 415.965, 3231.0, 0.0 ! ! END !
37.47 138 . 932, 415. 968, ! END !
37.48
3749
37 50
375 1
3752
375.3
375.4
140. 872,
142. 811,
144 . 751,
146. 690,
148 . 630,
150. 569,
152 . 509,
415. 971,
415. 974,
415. 977,
415. 980,
415. 984,
415. 987,
415. 991,
-
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
i
3755 154. 448, 415. 994, ! END !
375 6 15 6 . 388, 415. 998, ! END !
3757 119. 534, 417. 881, ! END !
37.58 121. 474, 417. 883, ! END !
37.59 123. 413, 417. 886, ! END !
3760 125. 353, 4 17. 888, ! END !
3761 127. 292, 417. 891, ! END !
3762 129. 232, 417. 893, ! END !
3763 131. 171, 417. 896, ! END !
3764 133. 111, 417. 899, ! END !
3765
3766
37.67
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
135. 050,
136. 990,
138. 929,
140. 869,
142 . 808,
144. 747,
146. 687,
148. 626,
417. 902,
417. 904,
417. 907,
417. 910,
417. 914,
417. 917,
417. 920,
4 17. 923,
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
3773 150 . 566, 4 17. 927, ! END !
3774 152. 505, 4.17 . 930, ! END !
3775 154. 445, 417. 934, ! END !
377 6 119. 532, 419. 820, ! END !
37.77 121. 471, 419. 823, ! END !
3778 . 411, 419. 825, ! END !
37.79 . 350, 419. 828, ! END !
37.80 . 290, 419. 830, ! END !
378 l . 229, 419. 833, ! END !
37.82
37.83
37.84
37.85
378 6
37.87
37.88
. 168,
. . 108,
. 047,
. 987,
. 926,
. 805,
. 744,
419. 835,
419. 838,
419. 841,
419. 844,
419. 847,
419. 853,
419. 85 6,
-
r
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
! END !
l
37.89 . 684, 419. 860, ! END !
Fo 3790
37.91 -
.
.
623,
502,
419. 863,
419. 870,
! END !
! END !
Fo 3792
3793
.
.
469,
408,
421. 762,
421. 764,
! END !
! END !
ºp 3794
379 5
.
.
348,
287,
421. 767,
421. 770,
! END !
! END !
ºp 3796
3797
-
.
.
226,
105,
21. 772,
421. 778,
! END !
! END !
lo 379.8
37 99
. 04:4,
. 984,
421. 780,
421. 783,
! END !
! END !
! END !
ºp 3800 . 802, 421. 792,
ºp
3801
3802
.
.
741,
680,
421. 796,
421. 799,
! END !
! END !
\-l
3803 . 620, 421. 802, ! END !
380.4 ! END !
Bo 3805
.
.
406,
345,
423. 704,
423. 706, ! END !
! END !
B2 3806
3807
.
.
799,
738,
423. 732,
423. 735, ! END !
! END !
º 38 08
38.09
.
.
467,
407,
384. 872,
38.4. 874, ! END !
! END !
B2 38.10
381.1
.
.
465,
406,
386. 813,
38 6. 814, ! END !
! E:JD !
B2 38 12
38 13
. 346,
. . 108,
38 6. 8 16,
386. 22, ! END !
3814 388 . 754, ! END !
PQ 38 15
. 464,
! END !
º
P9
P2
38 16
38 17
. 404,
. 344,
. 285,
388. 755,
388. 756,
388 . 758,
! END !
! END !
i
P2
3.818 98 . 225, 388 . 759, 3044. ! END !
38.19 - 100. 166, 388 . 761, 2950. ! END !
3820 - 102. 106, 388 . 763, 2872. ! END !
38.21 ~ 90. 4.62, 390. 694, 3270. ! END !
3822 - 92. 403, 390. 695, 31 70. ! END !
38.23 -
94. 343, 390. 697, 3160. ! END !
3824 - 96. 283, 390. 698, 3052. ! END !
38.25 . 224, 390 . 700, 2987. ! END !
3826 - 100. 164, 390 . 702, 3002. 0, ! END !
3827 - 102. 104, 390. 703, 3048. 0, ! END !
b
Receptor height above ground is optional. If no value is entered,
the receptor is placed on the ground.
Q^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ººº !! !! 1
APPENDIX K
EROSION CALCULATIONS
!!! !! !! !! !! )■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ~ ~==+ – – – –__ _
Erosion Calculations
Introduction
The primary effect of surface disturbances on soil resources is increased erosion and the resulting
potential increase in sediment yield to nearby ephemeral drainages, perennial streams, and
livestock ponds. Construction of proposed well pads would result in increased erosion of WTP
Project Area soils in the short-term. Additional erosion may also be expected from construction
of access roads, pipelines, and other project facilities. The increased erosion of soils could
potentially lead to increased sedimentation in watercourses, siltation of ponds, and loss of
vegetative cover, if Best Management Practices (BMPs) are not properly implemented.
In order to estimate potential erosion and sediment yield increases from short-term and long-term
surface disturbance, the Water Erosion Prediction Project model (WEPP) developed by the U.S.
Forest Service was used (USFS 1999b; USFS 2000). The WEPP model is a new generation of
soil erosion prediction technology developed by the U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Interior
over the past 15 years. WEPP is a process-based, distributed parameter, continuous simulation
soil erosion model for use on personal computers, and can be applied to small watersheds and hill
slope profiles within those watersheds. The physical processes that significantly affect erosion by
water are represented, including climate prediction (precipitation, temperature, radiation, wind),
infiltration, runoff, soil water evaporation/transpiration, plant growth, residue decomposition, soil
water percolation, frost/thaw development, snowmelt, soil detachment by raindrops and flowing
water, sediment transport, and sediment deposition.
Different erosion models have been developed in the past to estimate the rate of soil erosion from
different land use practices, including the well-known Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and
Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). WEPP was developed to overcome spatial and
temporal limitations of the previous models, including USLE and RUSLE. WEPP uses steady
state sediment continuity equations to estimate soil erosion and deposition on a hill slope and
adjacent watershed. Like all erosion prediction models, WEPP has certain limitations. WEPP is
generally not suitable for modeling erosion from large watersheds. Several studies have found
that WEPP consistently underestimates soil loss from topographically complex watersheds.
The WEPP software consists of the erosion prediction model, a climate generator program, and a
set of Windows interfaces. The WEPP interfaces use a synthetic storm generator to estimate the
average erosion rates from disturbed surfaces over a 30-year period. Custom climates were
produced by the PRISM function of the model for five areas within the WTP Project Area
(Cottonwood Ridge, Dry Creek, Harmon Canyon, Horse Bench, and Jack Creek) by interpolating
between existing weather stations. Two model interfaces were used. Erosion from roads was
modeled using the WEPP Road interface. The technical documentation for this interface is
contained in USFS (1999b). The input information to the WEPP Road interface includes: the
road design (insloped, bare ditch; insloped, vegetated or rocked ditch; outsloped, rutted; or
outsloped, unrutted); Soil texture (loam, sandy loam, silt loam, or clay loam), and rock content
(variable from 1 to 50 percent); road width and gradient; road segment length; road surface
(native, graveled or paved); and traffic level (high or low). Erosion from the adjacent pipeline
ROWs and other project facilities (well pads, compressor stations, airstrips, water management
facilities, borrow pits, equipment storage areas, and temporary worker housing sites) was
modeled using the Disturbed WEPP interface (USFS 2000). Disturbed WEPP estimates soil loss
from disturbed forested surfaces. The input parameters include: gradients for the upper and lower
portions of a hill slope; soil texture and rock content, as described above for WEPP Road; the
type (twenty year-old forest, five year-old forest, shrubs, tall grass, short grass, low severity fire,
high severity fire, or skid trail) and percent cover of vegetation; climate; and horizontal hill slope
length.
Erosion calculations were performed for the Proposed Action for two sub-areas of the WTP
Project Area: 1) areas to the west and north of Horse Bench and Cottonwood Ridge that drain to
Nine Mile Creek (the west sub-area), and 2) areas to the east and south of Horse Bench and
Cottonwood Ridge that drain directly to the Green River (the east sub-area). Model runs were
performed for short-term and long-term conditions. For Alternatives B-E, the modeled results for
i
the Proposed Action were pro-rated according to the amount of surface disturbance associated
with each alternative.
Calculations were made for the following features in each sub-area for the Proposed Action:
•
•
•
•
Proposed co-located roads and pipelines,
Proposed pipelines located along existing roads,
Independent (cross-country) pipelines, and
Well pads, compressor stations, airstrips, water management facilities, borrow pits,
equipment storage areas, and temporary worker housing sites
Disturbed WEPP was used to model the erosion from the co-located pipeline ROWs. The acreage
of disturbance was calculated assuming that 80 feet of the total road/pipeline ROW of 100 feet
would be disturbed during the installation of the pipelines. The same gradient information as was
used for the co-located roads was used to model the potential erosion from adjacent co-located
pipelines. Hill slopes were modeled as twice the average gradient for the co-located road with a
length of 100 feet. The vegetation was assumed to be short grasses with a 20 percent cover for
Hi
the short-term (5-7 years) and 70 percent cover for the long-term. Soil texture, rock content, and
climate were assigned as described above.
Proposed Pipelines along Existing Roads
Proposed pipelines that would be installed independent of new access roads were modeled
separately using Disturbed WEPP. The acreage of disturbance was calculated assuming a 40-foot
wide disturbed corridor. Other input factors were assigned as described above for the co-located
pipelines.
ºº
f> Independent Pipelines
Independent (or cross-country) pipelines could total 10 miles under all alternatives, but the
locations of these conceptual pipelines have not been determined. Therefore, the average erosion
; rate calculated for the other pipelines was used to estimate the erosion associated with these
pipelines. The acreage of disturbance was calculated assuming a 40-foot wide disturbed corridor.
Other input factors were assigned as described above for the co-located pipelines.
Disturbed WEPP was used to model the potential erosion from well pads, compressor stations,
airstrips, water management facilities, borrow pits, equipment storage areas, and temporary
worker housing sites over the short-term (about 5 years) and long term. The total acreage of these
facilities on each soil type was calculated for each sub-area of the WTP Project Area for the
short-term and long-term. For these facilities, which are all graded to be flat, erosion is generated
predominantly on the fill slopes. The amount of fill slopes increase for facilities constructed on
sloped soils, and can range from about 5 percent of the total disturbed area to over 25 percent for
facilities constructed on very steep slopes. For the purposes of this analysis, fill slopes were
assumed to constitute 20 percent of the total disturbed area for these facilities. The fill slopes
were assumed to be 2:1 (horizontal to vertical). Fill slope lengths were then calculated for
average soil gradients of 4 percent (soil units 41, 50, 82, 107, and 123), 9 percent (soil unit 25),
13 percent (soil unit 14), 16 percent (soil unit 83), 24 percent (soil unit 5), and 30 percent (all
other soil units). The calculated fill slope lengths range from 9 feet for an average soil gradient of
4 percent to 192 feet for an average soil gradient of 30 percent. The vegetation on the fill slopes
was assumed to be short grasses with a 20 percent cover for the short-term (about 5 years) and 70
percent cover for the long-term. Soil texture and rock content were assigned as described above.
The climate was selected according to the primary area where each soil type occurs in the WTP
Project Area.
For the Proposed Action and each alternative, roads which would be improved or rerouted were
modeled separately from the other project facilities to evaluate the effect of improving the BLM
system roads on the long-term and short-term erosion estimates. The average WEPP rate for each
sub-area modeled for the co-located roads was used for the improved and rerouted roads, and was
multiplied by the length of roads needing improvements or reroutes for each alternative. All
improved and rerouted roads were assumed to have a running surface of 22 feet. It was assumed
that roads constructed on gradients of up to 4 percent would have 3-foot wide ditches on both
sides of the road, whereas those roads with average gradients greater than 4 percent would have a
ditch only on the uphill side. The road design was assumed to be insloped with a vegetated or
rocked ditch for all roads. Traffic was assumed to be high for both the short-term and long-term
for all improved and rerouted roads.
Results
The results of the erosion modeling were used to evaluate the estimated increased erosion that
would result from the development of the Proposed Action in watersheds that drain to Nine Mile
Canyon and in watersheds that drain directly to the Green River.
Results for improved and rerouted roads, co-located roads and pipelines, other pipelines, and
facilities that would be graded to be flat were summed together for each sub-area of the WTP
Project Area for both the short-term and long-term. Table K-1 below provides a summary of the
estimated additional short-term and long-term erosion for each component and sub-area for the
Proposed Action.
For Alternatives B, C, D, and E, the amount of additional erosion for co-located roads and
pipelines, independent pipelines, well pads, and other project facilities was estimated by pro
rating the amount of surface disturbance under each alternative to the Proposed Action and
applying this factor to the erosion estimates. For Alternative B, No Action, the short-term surface
disturbance is 17 percent of that for the Proposed Action and the long-term disturbance is 15
percent of that for the Proposed Action. For Alternative C, Transportation Impact Reduction
Alternative, the short-term surface disturbance is 99 percent of that for the Proposed Action and
the long-term disturbance is 98 percent of that for the Proposed Action. For Alternative D,
Conservation Alternative, the short-term surface disturbance is 69 percent of that for the Proposed
Action and the long-term disturbance is 66 percent of that for the Proposed Action. For
Alternative E, Agency Preferred Alternative, the short-term surface disturbance is 93 percent of
that for the Proposed Action and the long-term disturbance is 91 percent of that for the Proposed
Action.
As previously mentioned above, improved and/or rerouted roads were modeled separately for
each alternative as opposed to being a factor of the Proposed Action.
In addition, it should be noted, that under Alternative C, 19 miles of existing roads would be
reclaimed, and under Alternative E, 17 miles of existing road would be reclaimed. Using the
average erosion rates of 8.23 tons per mile for the east sub-area and 9.63 tons per mile for the
|
west area, calculated from the results of the modeling conducted for the co-located roads and
pipelines described above, and pro-rating the amount of roads in each sub-area, successful
reclamation of these roads would result in the reduction in the additional long-term erosion of 49
tons per year for the east sub-area and 126 tons per year for the west sub-area under Alternative
C, and 44 tons per year for the east area and 1 12 tons per year for the west sub-area for
Alternative E. These amounts have been subtracted from the estimated total long-term erosion
for these two alternatives.
Table K-2 below summarizes the total estimated increased erosion for the two sub-areas under
each alternative.
These erosion estimates, as is the case for all erosion estimates, are subject to considerable
uncertainty. Factors which contribute to the uncertainty include the exact location of the various
facilities, the actual road and pipeline gradients, the effectiveness of BMPs, and climatic
conditions. As such, these estimates should be considered to be accurate within the range of +/-
100 percent. However, because these estimates were made using the same set of assumptions,
they provide a valuable way to compare the potential increased erosion that would result under
the various alternatives.
{{{{{ſ{{!!!!!trrrr
© ®^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
lºſſºtſiſttttttttttttttttttttttttttaesses…
|-
…|×|×|-
APPENDIX L
Prepared for:
Prepared by:
Buys & Associates, Inc.
300 East Mineral Ave. Suite 10
Littleton, Colorado 80122
October 2007
rrrrr!??????????????????!{{{ſ{{!!!!!!!!&& && e.
VISUAL RESOURCE TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT
1.0 Introduction.…. l
1.1 Purpose.…. l
1.2 Limitations.........…....................…. l
2.0 Visual Resource Management............................................................................................. 2
2.1 Visual Resource Inventory.............................................................................................. 2
.1.1 Scenic Quality Evaluation....................................................................................... 2
.1.2 Sensitivity Level Analysis....................................................................................... 2
.1.3 Distance Zones.….....…......…....…. 2
2.2 VRM Classes and Objectives.......................................................................................... 3
2.3 Visual Resource Contrast Rating..................................................................................... 3
3.0 Methodology ….....…..............…........ 4
4.0 Analysis…. 5
4.1 Project Description and Setting....................................................................................... 5
4.2 VRM Objectives for WTP Project Area.......................................................................... 6
4.3 Viewshed Analysis....…..................….... 6
4.4 KOP Selection...........…............................….................…..... 13
4.5 Visual Simulations.................................................................................…........... 14
4.6 Contrast Rating.…. 14
5.0 Conclusions.…. 19
6.0 Design Techniques and Mitigation Measures ................................................................... 20
6.1 Design Fundamentals.............................................................….......................... 20
6.2 Design Strategies.…. 20
6.3 Mitigation Measures.................................................................…............................ 21
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Visual Resource Technical Support Document
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Visual resources are the natural and cultural features of an environment that can be viewed by an
observer in the area. Visual quality is an important factor in land use decision making. The
objective of visual resource planning is to prevent environmental degradation and maintain
sociologically important resource values. Under BLM guidelines, visual resource values must be
considered in all land-use planning efforts and the impacts of surface disturbing must be
documented in the decision-making process. If development is approved, a reasonable attempt
must be made to meet the visual management objectives for the area in question and to minimize
the visual impacts of the proposal.
1.1 Purpose
This Visual Resources Technical Support Document (TSD) was prepared to supplement a
proposal by BBC and other oil and gas companies to drill new wells in the West Tavaputs Plateau
(WTP) Project Area as described in the West Tavaputs Full Field Development Environmental
Impact Statement (EIS). This document provides an assessment of the existing visual resources
and management thereof within the WTP Project Area. This TSD is intended to provide a basis
for the analysis of potential environmental impacts.
The purpose of this TSD is to assist the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Price Field Office
(PFO) in planning for visual resources management as it relates to the proposed oil and gas
development in the WTP Project Area.
Development of natural gas resources in the WTP Project Area would alter the visual quality of
the landscape as experienced from sensitive viewpoints, including travel routes and popular use
areas. Development of up to 807 wells from 538 well pads within the WTP Project Area would
result in a noticeable increase in density of gas-production facilities throughout the WTP Project
Area that would constitute a significant change in the visual character of the existing landscape.
In addition, the proposed development would affect the existing Visual Resource Management
(VRM) designations as visual modifications would fail to meet existing VRM class objectives.
1.2 Limitations
This TSD is not an analysis of the potential impacts of oil and gas development within the WTP
Project Area on visual resources. Rather, this document is intended to be used as a baseline for
the analysis of potential environmentaſ impacts. Additionally, as the proposed well locations and
ancillary facilities within the EIS are conceptual, site-specific visual simulations of full contrast
ratings (described in detail later in this document) are not feasible at this time. Visual simulations
and descriptions of potential visual intrusions are of a characteristic nature.
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
The BLM is directed to manage public lands in a manner that will protect the quality of the visual
(scenic) resources in accordance with section 102(a)(8) of the Federal Land Policy and
Management Act of 1976 (FLPMA). The VRM system provides the BLM with a methodological
approach to identify visual (scenic) resources; establish objectives through the Resource
Management Planning (RMP) process or on a case-by-case basis for managing those resources;
and provide timely input into proposed surface-disturbing projects to ensure that the assigned
objectives are met or intrusions are sufficiently mitigated.
2.1
1. Visual Resource Inventory
Establishment of Visual Resource Management Classes
3. Analysis of management actions to ensure compliance (Visual Resource Contrast
Rating.
The visual resource inventory process provides BLM managers with a means for determining
visual resource values for the lands under their administration and is detailed in BLM's
Handbook H-84 10-1, Visual Resource Inventory. The inventory consists of a scenic quality
evaluation, sensitivity level analysis, and a delineation of distance zones.
Scenic quality is a measure of the visual appeal of a tract of land as determined by using seven
key factors: landform, vegetation, water, color, adjacent scenery, scarcity, and cultural
modifications.
Sensitivity levels are a measure of public concern for scenic quality and are determined by
analyzing the various indicators of public concern including: type of users, amount of use, public
interest, adjacent land uses, special areas, and other factors (including research or studies of the
area of concern) as necessary.
Landscapes are subdivided into three distance zones based on relative visibility from common
travel routes or observation points. The three zones are: foreground-middle-ground, background,
and seldom seen.
Based on the three factors described above, BLM-administered lands are placed into one of four
visual resource inventory classes. These inventory classes represent the relative value of the
visual resources in the planning area and their assignment formalizes the findings of the inventory
process.
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
Visual resource classes are categories assigned to public lands to represent the relative value of
the visual resources in an area. BLM VRM classes are assigned to specific landscapes and direct
acceptable levels of visual intrusions within each class. Designation and management of VRM
classes allows BLM to control surface-disturbing uses in a manner consistent with natural
features and existing uses of an area. The specific objectives of each VRM class provide the
standards for planning, designing, and evaluating actions. The four VRM class guidelines and
objectives are as follows:
Class I. The objective of this class is to preserve the existing character of the landscape.
This class provides for natural ecological changes; however, it does not preclude
very limited management activity. The level of change to the characteristic
landscape should be very low and must not attract attention. Class I is assigned to
those areas where decisions have been made to maintain a natural landscape. This
includes areas such as national wilderness, the wild component of a Wild and
Scenic River (WSR), Areas of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC) designated
for scenic values, and other congressionally and administratively designated areas
where decisions have been made to preserve a natural landscape.
Class II. The objective of this class is to retain the existing character of the landscape. The
level of change to the characteristic landscape should be low. Management
activities may be seen, but should not attract the attention of the casual observer.
Any changes must repeat the basic elements of form, line, color, and texture found
in the predominant natural features of the characteristic landscape.
Class III. The objective of this class is to partially retain the existing character of the
landscape. The level of change to the characteristic landscape should be moderate.
Management activities may attract attention but should not dominate the view of
the casual observer. Changes should repeat the basic elements found in the
predominant natural features of the characteristic landscape.
Class IV. The objective of this class is to provide for management activities, which require
major modifications of the existing character of the landscape. The level of change
to the characteristic landscape can be high. These management activities may
dominate the view and be the major focus of viewer attention. However, every
attempt should be made to minimize the impact of these activities through careful
location, minimal disturbance, and repeating the basic elements.
The analysis stage of the VRM process involves conducting a visual resource contrast rating, or
determining whether the potential visual impacts from proposed surface disturbing activities or
developments will meet the management objectives established for the area, or whether design
adjustments will be required. This process is described in BLM Handbook H-8431-1, Visual
Resource Contrast Rating.
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
3.0 METHODOLOGY
Visual resource analysis involves determining whether the potential visual impacts from proposed
º
surface disturbing activities or developments would meet the management objectives established
for the area.
Visual resources analysis has an inherently subjective aspect. BLM's Visual Contrast Rating
System (BLM Manual Section 8431) provides a method to evaluate activities and determine
whether they conform to the approved VRM objectives. The degree to which a management
activity affects the visual quality of a landscape depends on the visual contrast created between a
project and the existing landscape. The contrast can be measured by comparing the project
features with the major features in the existing landscape. The basic design elements of form,
line, color, and texture are used to make this comparison and to describe the visual contrast
created by the project.
4.0 ANALYSIS
Analysis of the potential impacts to visual resources associated with the West Tavaputs Plateau
included a field study, analysis of available data, and modeling (defining viewsheds and
generating simulations) anticipated development within the WTP Project Area. Given the
extensive level of development proposed, visual simulations prepared were of a “characteristic”
nature. Additionally, given the extensive level of development proposed, final contrast ratings
were not completed for the project. Where necessary, detailed contrast ratings will be completed
on a site specific basis during onsite inspections. Full contrast ratings will be required for
development within Class I, Class II and sensitive Class III areas.
Field work associated with the analysis included site orientation; familiarization with the
proposed action and alternatives; understanding the characteristics of the landscape, selection and
photography of KOPs, communication and coordination with operators and agency team
members.
The WTP Project Area consists of a network of plateaus, ridges, and rugged canyons that divide
the landscape. Bands of red rock cliffs are ubiquitous throughout and extend along the majority
of the ridges. Many ridges extend downward off of the plateaus creating a sequence and layering
of ridges that add substantial scenic variety. Vegetation ranges from that of a riparian nature in
drainages, to sagebrush flats and dense pinon juniper on the ridges.
Due to the variable terrain and existing road network, there are a number of viewing opportunities
from all three distance zones (foreground/middle-ground, background, and seldom seen) in the
WTP Project Area. Most foreground/middle-ground views of the proposed project components
would be limited to adjacent and nearby roadways. From ridgetops and benches, expansive views
of background would be available.
BBC and other operators propose to develop approximately 807 wells from 538 well pads in the
WTP Project Area. In addition to well pads, and extensive road and pipeline network, multiple
storage areas, compressor station sites, aggregate borrow areas, and other ancillary facilities
would be constructed to support natural gas development in the area. Total initial surface
disturbance during development would be approximately 3,656 acres or approximately two
percent of the total WTP Project Area.
Development has been going on in the WTP Project Area since the 1950s. This Draft
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is preceded by five oil- and gas-related operations/actions
and NEPA documents in the Project Area: the Stone Cabin 3-D Seismic Survey Project
Environmental Assessment (EA) (UT-070-2003-15); the West Tavaputs Plateau Drilling Program
EA (UT-070-2004-28); the Burris 1-10 Well and Right-of-Way EA (UT-066-97-55); the Bill
Barrett Corporation Prickly Pear Bench Seven Well/ Two Pad Drilling EA (UT-070-07-003); and
the Bill Barrett Corporation 2007-2008 Prickly Pear Unit Winter Drilling EA (UT-070-07-053).
Those EAS evaluated impacts from seismic exploration and exploratory drilling projects designed
to identify oil and gas resources within the WTP Project Area. Since the time of the Notice of
Intent (NOI) filed for this EIS (August 25, 2005), natural gas development within the WTP
Project Area has been ongoing based on the Decision Records for the previously described
drilling EAs and through the use of the Categorical Exclusion (CX) process (authorized by
: Section 390 of the 2005 Energy Policy Act). Therefore, some of the well pads, roads, pipelines,
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
and support facilities that are proposed under this EIS have already been approved and
constructed. Nonetheless, the direct, indirect, and/or cumulative impacts analyzed in this EIS
include all development which has been approved and developed since the West Tavaputs Plateau
Drilling EA was completed.
At the time the NOI was filed for this project, there were 71 existing natural gas wells, with their
attendant service roads and facilities, within the WTP Project Area. Of the 71 wells, 37 wells
were capable of production and 34 were temporarily plugged and abandoned. Figure 1 shows
pictures of typical existing development in the WTP Project Area.
The existing Visual Resource Inventory (VRI) classifications for the WTP Project Area are based
on an inventory conducted for the entire Price Field Office (PFO) subsequent to the publication of
the Price River MFP (BLM 1984a). Changes in resource conditions since the inventory include
new facilities and increased visitation. Regardless the amount of change, each VRM class must
meet that class objective or an amendment to the existing land use plan (Price River MFP) would
be necessary. Table 4-1 summarizes the acres of each VRM Class present in the WTP Project
Area.
As shown on Figure 3.16-1, Nine Mile Canyon, the lower portions of Harmon, Dry, and
Cottonwood Canyons, and visible cliff faces from Nine Mile Canyon are managed as VRM Class
II. Bench areas and upper portions of Harmon, Dry, and Cottonwood Canyons are managed as
VRM Class III. The WSAs in the WTP Project Area are managed as VRM Class I. Desolation
Canyon National Historic Landmark (NHL) is also managed as VRM Class I (one mile on each
side of the Green River from Nine Mile Canyon to Florence Creek).
Some oil and gas-related and other human-produced features are in non-compliance with the
VRM Class I and II standards that currently exist in the WTP Project Area.
The term “viewshed” typically refers to the landscape visible from a specific viewing location
and is established based upon topographic mapping and sight-line projections. The viewshed is
determined by the existing topography and the viewing angle. A GIS-based viewshed analysis
was conducted to determine those areas that could potentially be seen by visitors along major
travel corridors throughout the WTP Project Area. The analysis utilized U.S. Geologic Survey
(USGS) 10-meter resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data.
The major travel or recreation corridors through the WTP Project Area chosen for the analysis
included:
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
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Visual Resource Technical Support Document
The GIS analysis projects a “line of sight” from the corridors into the adjacent landscape. The
results of the analysis show portions of the surrounding landscape that are visible from each of
the travel corridors. Locations of proposed well pads, access roads, pipelines, and facilities were
overlaid to identify areas of development potentially visible from each of the travel corridors.
GIS-based viewshed modeling has inherent limitations, the most evident of which is the lack of
vegetative cover information contained in digital elevation models. From any given vantage
point, the view of the development may be obstructed by vegetative cover such as trees. In
addition, the resolution of the DEM (10 meters) likely excludes additional topographic features,
which would effectively screen the proposed site locations from view of the casual observer.
3. For each travel corridor, a map was generated showing the areas that would be potentially visible,
including all development under the Proposed Action (Figures 3.16-2 through 3.16-11).
The principal viewing corridor and the area of greatest visitor density is along Nine Mile Canyon
Road. The lower reaches of Harmon, Prickly Pear, Cottonwood, and Dry canyons also receive
moderate visitor usage. The only project elements visible from Nine Mile Canyon would be the
wells and associated facilities proposed within the canyon itself, which would be located on
private lands. No development would be visible from the lower reaches of Dry, Cottonwood,
Harmon, or Prickly Pear Canyons. In addition, only three well pads would be visible from the
| Green River corridor (in the background viewing distance) in Desolation Canyon, which is
another area of high viewer sensitivity.
Within the upper portion of Dry Canyon, only the development proposed within the canyon itself
(21 well pads and associated facilities at maximum development) would be visible from the
Road. Within Jack Canyon, only the development proposed within the canyon itself (9 new well
pads at maximum development) would be visible from the road.
From Flat Iron Mesa Road, a limited amount of development (approximately 30 new well pads at
maximum development) would potentially be visible to the casual visitor. However, this route
receives very limited non-industrial use.
While the Horse Bench Road is not currently a widely used travel way, vast amounts of land can
be seen from the bench. From Horse Bench, an estimated 213 new well pads would be visible,
primarily in the foreground/middle-ground distances but in the background distance as well.
Prickly Pear Mesa also offers broad views of the WTP Project Area. However, this travel route
receives very little non-industrial use as it provides very limited access to other parts of the WTP
Project Area.
Finally, views into the Jack Canyon and Desolation Canyon WSAs are best provided by the
routes along Jack Ridge and Cedar Ridge. Approximately 57 new well pads (at maximum
development) would be visible from along the Jack Ridge Road and approximately 80 new well
pads (at maximum development) would be visible from along Cedar Ridge Road. Not all well
pads that would be visible would be located within the WSAs.
KOPs were selected throughout the WTP Project Area using a combination of field visits,
viewshed analysis, and local knowledge of the area. Among the initial KOPs selected were the
Daddy Canyon developed recreation facility, the Great Hunt Panel, and numerous cultural sites
13
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Visual Resource Technical Support Document
along Nine Mile Canyon that receive frequent visitation. All of these KOPs were dropped from
further consideration following the viewshed analysis which revealed that new development
within the WTP Project Area would not be visible from any of the fore mentioned sites.
Key observation points brought forward for analysis were selected to best represent the various
components and land types of the Proposed Action and alternatives. KOPs were chosen to
provide a representative view of the WTP Project Area (e.g., canyon bottoms, ridge tops/benches,
and views into side canyons). Visual simulations were prepared from each of the chosen KOPs to
depict how the construction of natural gas facilities would change the visual landscape at
representative KOPs. Construction equipment, drilling and completion supplies, and human
activity that would also visible to the casual viewer are not depicted in the simulations.
Visual simulations were prepared from four KOPs representing the most common landscape
types and views within the WTP Project Area. The simulations are included as Figures 2
through 5 below.
Due to the extent of the level of development proposed and the representative nature of the visual
simulations prepared, contrast ratings were not performed for the project at this time. However,
as previously determined by the BLM contrast rating forms would be completed for all proposed
wells located in Class I, Class II, and sensitive Class III areas. Additional contrast ratings will be
performed during onsite inspections and recommended mitigation measures will be determined at
that time.
14
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
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Visual Resource Technical Support Document
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Visual Resource Technical Support Document
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Visual Resource Technical Support Document
5.0 CONCLUSIONS
Impacts would be considered significant if the landscape, as seen from sensitive viewpoints is
substantially degraded, or if modifications to the landscape are inconsistent with the VRM
classification requirements prescribed by the BLM. As previously discussed, this TSD does not
discuss impacts associated with proposed development. Rather, the TSD provides a baseline for
an impact analysis in the WTP Full-Field Development EIS.
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Visual Resource Technical Support Document
|
6.0 DESIGN TECHNIQUES AND MITIGATION MEASURES
There are numerous design techniques that can be used to reduce the visual impacts from surface
disturbing projects. The BLM divides the techniques into two categories; design fundamentals
and design strategies.
Design fundamentals are general design principles that can be used for all forms of activity or
development, regardless of the resource value being addressed. Applying these three design
fundamentals would mitigate some visual impacts:
Choosing the proper location for a proposed project or project component is one of the easiest
design techniques to understand and apply, and one that will normally yield the most dramatic
results. In general, locating visual intrusions as far away from prominent viewing locations as
possible is the best design strategy because visual contrasts or impacts decrease as the distance
between the viewer and the proposed development increases. Using both topographic features
and vegetation for screening is also a good design strategy as is designing the shape and
placement of project features to blend with topographic features and vegetation patterns.
As a general rule, reducing the amount of land disturbed during the construction of a project
reduces the extent of visual impact. When possible, facilities should be consolidated on the same
site or within the same ROW. Utilities should be placed underground when possible or along
existing roads.
Every landscape has the basic elements of form, line, color, and texture. Repeating these
elements reduces contrast between the landscape and proposed development and results in less of
a visual impact.
Design strategies are more specific activities that can be applied to address visual intrusions.
Common design strategies include:
• Color selection
• Earthwork
• Vegetative manipulation
• Structures
• Reclamation/restoration
20
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
i Most of the time, color selection will have the greatest impact on the visual success or failure of a
project. Strong contrasts in color create easily recognizable visual conflicts in the landscape.
Natural surfaces are generally well-textured and have shading and shadow effects which add
depth. Surfaces of natural gas facilities are generally smooth and tend to reflect light, even when
matte-finish paints are used. Therefore, as a general rule, colors on smooth man-made structures
should be painted two or three shades darker than the background colors to compensate for the
shadow patterns created by naturally textured surfaces that make colors appear darker. With this
in mind, the color selection for all structures should be made to achieve the best blending with the
surrounding landscape, both in summer and in winter.
The scars left by excessive cut and fill activities during construction, especially in western
landscapes where underlying soils tend to be substantially lighter in color than surface soils and
surrounding landscape elements, often result in long-term visual contrast. Fitting the proposed
development to the existing landforms in a manner that minimizes the size of cuts and fills will
greatly reduce the visual impacts from earthwork. Shaping cuts and fills to appear as natural
forms and blending slopes to match existing landforms will also help reduce the visual contrast.
Retaining existing rock formations, vegetation, drainages, etc whenever possible is another
Ineasure.
Another effective method of reducing the visual impact from a proposed activity or development
is to retain as much of the existing vegetation as possible. Where practical, it is also good to use
the existing vegetation to screen the development from public viewing areas. Straight line edges
should be avoided. Feathering or thinning the edges of cleared vegetation will reduce strong lines
of contrast.
Strategies for restoration and reclamation are very much akin to the design strategies for
earthwork, as well as the design fundamentals of repeating form, line, color, and texture and
reducing unnecessary disturbance. The objectives of restoration and reclamation include
reducing long-term visual impacts by decreasing the amount of disturbed area and blending the
disturbed area into the natural environment while still providing for project operations. All areas
of disturbance that are not needed for operation and maintenance should be restored as closely as
possible to previous conditions. Topsoil should be stripped, saved and replaced as possible on
disturbed earth surfaces and vegetation should be enhanced.
Finally, projects and activities associated with linear alignments, including roads and pipeline
developments, can be made to contrast less with the natural environment primarily with proper
placement. Topography is a crucial element in alignment selection. Visually, it can be used to
subordinate or hide manmade changes in the landscape. Locating projects at breaks in
topography or behind existing topographic or vegetative features can reduce impacts.
P!, The following are recommended mitigation measures designed to reduce visual impacts during
construction and to assist in successful long-term reclamation.
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> • Either the BLM or the proponent(s) should contract a licensed landscape architect for on
Fo site construction monitoring, inspection, and supervision of visual mitigation and
environmental protection measures such as recontouring of landform to approximate
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natural conditions and berming, revegetation and introduction of screening vegetation,
#2 pipeline texturing and coloring (where appropriate), and other measures mentioned below
and elsewhere in this document.
21
Visual Resource Technical Support Document
Trenching equipment should be used for pipe burial to reduce overall impact to existing
vegetation and landform.
Excavation for pipeline installation should be limited to a narrow trench to install the
pipe, thus reducing the width of disturbance to as narrow a corridor as possible. This
may be especially appropriate in riparian areas and areas where equipment can be
brought in with minimal damage to the landscape.
Where appropriate, brush-hogs or similar equipment should be used to minimize impact
to vegetation and enhance re-growth and revegetation potential.
Edges of disturbed areas should be feathered by creating a vertical transition from taller
to shorter vegetation along disturbed edges.
The width of disturbance should be varied, where possible, and some plant masses should
be preserved to create a more naturally appearing edge, thereby avoiding straight,
sweeping, and converging lines in the landscape.
Overall width of surface disturbance should be reduced, where possible, by working with
equipment on the road, and taking advantage of the access already provided by the
roadway.
A revegetation plan should be implemented that includes the installation of shrubs and
tubelings, thus establishing larger caliper plants early in the process.
Rocks and downed vegetation should be used to “break up” new textures created by
disturbance and exposure of soils, and to provide “planting pockets” for the establishment
of new plant materials.
At stream crossings, all equipment should be kept away from the edge of escarpments
and stream banks, thereby minimizing impacts to the escarpment edge. These edges
should be pre-constructed using vegetative or mechanical methods.
Easily established and fast-growing shrubs should be used in seed mix and as tubelings.
All disturbed surfaces should be recontoured to more natural appearing landform, similar
in topography to pre-disturbance and surrounding landscape.
Soils should be prepared for proper revegetation and environmental protection measures
should be implemented for revegetation and erosion control.
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WILDERNESS CHARACTERISTICS REVIEW
Update of 1999 Wilderness Inventory Area (WIA) Findings
Background
In January of 2007, Utah BLM directed those field offices that are currently under going
land use plan revisions to update non WSA wilderness inventories so that wilderness
characteristics can be fully considered in planning efforts.
The Price Field Office has taken this opportunity to revisit the 1999 Utah Wilderness
Inventory findings for Jack Canyon Wilderness Inventory Area where surface disturbing
activities or other impacts to wilderness characteristics have been known to have
occurred since the conclusion of the inventory.
UPDATE
|
A field office interdisciplinary team review of the Jack Canyon WIA was undertaken
because of known and proposed oil and gas activity in the vicinity of Sage Brush Flat and
Peters Point. As of May of 2007 additional gas well pads, roads and facilities have been
established to access a state land inholding in section 2, T.13 S., R. 16 E. More facilities
l
are planned. Much of this area is within the Peters Point Federal Oil and Gas Exploratory
Unit. The leases within this unit have existed since the 1950's and have been developed.
After many years of intermittent activity the current owner of the leases (the Bill Barrett
Corporation) has embarked on an aggressive development scenario. To further that
development the West Tavaputs Plateau Drilling Program, Carbon and Duchesne
Counties, Utah (EAH UT-070-2004-28) analyzed and authorized wells and facilities
within the Jack Canyon WIA (see Figure 3.5, attached, from that EA). Additional
development is being analyzed in the West Tavaputs Plateau Natural Gas Full Field
Development Plan (EISH UT-070-05-055) which is being drafted, at this time. Review
for the development of proposed access roads for that purpose has disclosed the presence
of a road ROW (U40096) which was issued in 1983 for oil and gas facilities. Further
research identified another ROW (U40133) that had been issued for the same area earlier
l
in 1978 for non energy uses.
The presence (not withstanding the development and maintenance) of those ROWs
effectively forms a boundary splitting the WIA in two. The 1,465 acre area south of the
ROWs (and the JC 101 well pad; T.12 S., R. 16 E., Sec. 33:SESW) is contiguous to the
Jack Canyon WSA on the east end. A portion of the ROW (U40133) separates the WSA
from the WIA for several miles on the south, along Jack Canyon Ridge, but ends on a
point above the canyon. This portion retains wilderness characteristics to a large degree.
Approximately 2000 acres north of the ROW (which is located in the bottom of a
tributary north of Jack Creek) lacks wilderness characteristics because of the roads, wells
and facilities. Such as two roads which accesses the SITLA parcel (described above).
They affect naturalness and the opportunities for primitive recreation and Solitude. It no
longer meets the size criteria, nor would it be manageable for wilderness values given the
development that is occurring and planned. Had that information been fully appreciated
at the time of the 1999 inventory (and subsequent revision in January 2002) the area in
question between Sagebrush Flat and the tributary of Jack Creek would not have been
considered for inclusion in the WIA. This update corrects that oversight.
CONCLUSION
The WIA, as described in January 2002, contained 3,331 acres. This review illustrates
why an over looked ROW, a SITLA parcel and 2,035 acres of public land north of a
tributary of Jack Creek (which lack wilderness characteristics) was incorrectly included
in that revision. 1,465 acres retains wilderness characteristics. A map showing the area
retained as a WIA and that portion found to lack wilderness characteristics is part of this
report.
ATTACHMENTS
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State Office review:
Dave Mermejo; Wilderness Specialist, Utah State Office
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Jack Canyon WCR Findings In
= Class 1 Primary Route Class 4 Secondary Road Bureau of Land Management (BLM) USFW Wilderness Area Private Š
1 - class 2 seconday Route Class 5 Unimproved Road - BLM wilderness Area - Indian Reservation (IR) Bankhead-Jones Land Use Lands S&
- Cloverleaf or interchange Other US Forest Service (USFS) IR Wilderness Area - Water
- Class3 Primary Road Jack Canyon - USFs wilderness Area - Mitary Reservations and Corps of Engineers O
FINDINGs National Park Service (NPS) State
SNY Nowºderness character - NPs wilderness Area - State Parks and Recreation
[T] wilderness character - Us Fish & wildlife (USFw) National wildlife Refuge - state wildlife Reserve Management Area
Wilderness
------- Miles
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CAUTION:
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United States Department off the
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Background
In January of 2007, Utah BLM directed those field offices that are currently undergoing
land use plan revisions to update non WSA wilderness inventories so that wilderness
characteristics can be fully considered in planning efforts.
The Price Field Office has taken this opportunity to revisit the 1999 Utah Wilderness
Inventory findings for Desolation Canyon Wilderness Inventory Area where surface
disturbing activities or other impacts to wilderness characteristics have been known to
have occurred since the conclusion of the inventory.
UPDATE
A field office interdisciplinary team review of the Desolation Canyon WIA was
undertaken because of known oil and gas activity in the vicinity of Cedar Ridge, Sage
Brush Flat and Peters Point. As of May of 2007 additional gas wells and facilities have
been established throughout the West Tavaputs Plateau, that are affecting this established
WIA. Generally, within the following townships: T. 12 & 13 S., R. 16 & 17 E. More
i
facilities are planned. Much of this area is within the Peters Point Federal Oil and Gas
Exploratory Unit. The leases within this unit have existed since the 1950’s and have been
developed. After many years of intermittent activity the current owner of the leases (the
Bill Barrett Corporation) has embarked on an aggressive development scenario. To le
further that development the West Tavaputs Plateau Drilling Program, Carbon and §
Duchesne Counties, Utah, EAH UT-070-2004–28 (WTPDP EA) analyzed and authorized
the expansion of existing wells, pads and facilities within the Desolation Canyon WIA
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(see Figure 3.5, attached, from that EA). Additional development is being analyzed in ><
the West Tavaputs Plateau Natural Gas Full Field Development Plan, EISH UT-070-05 O
055 (WTPEIS) which is being drafted, at this time.
The exact acreage of new, expanded or upgraded pads, wells, pipelines, access roads and
other facilities associated with field development within the WIA has been in flux for the
past 3 years and will continue to change depending on the applications for permits to drill
i
'*_-
/
(APDs), sundry notices and ROWs that are approved and subsequently developed.
Approximately 7000 acres of the Jack Canyon and Desolation Canyon WIAs are found
within the project area. Under the reasonable foreseeable developments (RFDs) analyzed
in the WTP EA, approximately 37 acres were anticipated to be impacted by surface
disturbing activities within both units by 2009. Monitoring and oversight of this
development has not quantified the exact acreage affected, to date. This development
will affect naturalness directly for as long as the facilities remain and effective
reclamation has become established, which maybe as long as another 50+ years. As
drilling and well completion activities continue the associated traffic will affect
opportunities for primitive recreation and solitude, in the short term beyond the acres
described above.
The proposed action for the WTPEIS is looking at even more development over a 10-30
year period, but that will not be fully quantifiable until completion of that NEPA process.
By no means is it anticipated that every acre will be affected, but it will continue to
change the landscape as a whole, over the anticipated active life of the project and
beyond.
The presence of fluid mineral leases within the WIA was known at the time of the
inventory. The current scenario for development was not known, or not fully anticipated.
Subsequently additional leases were offered for sale within the WIA. That practice has
ceased due to a recent court ruling. This review anticipates those lease developments to
the extent possible.
New Off Highway Vehicle (OHV) trails are being pioneered in some places where the
area remains “Open” to unrestricted vehicle use. Specifically, this activity has been
detected in the area adjacent to the road accessing Horse Bench and Nine Mile Creek
near where Carbon, Duchesne and Uintah counties meet. The acreage affected is
minimal and has not been estimated, at this time, as only short spur trails have been
detected.
CONCLUSION
The Desolation Canyon WIA, as revised in January 2002, contained 86,453 acres. An
estimate of approximately 10 acres will be used for this review to represent what actually
may have been affected within the Desolation Canyon WIA and therefore now lacks
wilderness characteristics. The vast majority of the remaining 86,443 acres retains its
wilderness characteristics. A map showing that area retained as a WIA and that portion
likely to lack wilderness characteristics is part of this report (note: These locations and
acreage will continue to expand as long as lease rights are being exercised).
ATTACHMENTS
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A Desolation Canyon wº
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- II. Comment C
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---
Desolation Canyon WCR Finding
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- class 1 Pºmar, Roue wasmess suo area (wsa, - us Forest service (USFs) - Matary Reservatons and corps of Engineers ſº
-class 2 secondary Route Desolation Canyon wor Findings usfs wilderness Area - suºle S.
- covemesto interchange NSnowdemess characte National Park service (NPs) - Suate Parks and Recreation ×
- class 3 Primary Road wildern-s-character - NPs wilderness Area |- state widºte Reserve managementares O
-class 5 unimproved Road 1999 Inventory Revised - us Fish swaste (usºw, National waite Refuge [T] Private
Other Zº Wilderness Character usfw wilderness Area
Bankhead-Jones Land use Lands
- Bureau of Land Management (BLM) - Indian Reservation (R) - water
- Bum widemessarea - Rwkemessarea
1:335,605
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------- Miles
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(º) United States Department of the Interior
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Bureau of Land Management
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No warranty is mode by the Bureau of Land Management
Map created on Aug 08, 2007 for the use of the data for purposes not intended by the BLM
R 12 e R13 E. R15E R 16 E. R 17 e R 18 e R19 e |
Desolation Canyon State of Utah |
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Bureau of Land Management
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s No warranty is made by the Bureau of Land Management
Map created on Aug 08, 2007 for the use of the data for purposes not intended by the BLM. -
WILDERNESS CHARACTERISTICS REVIEW
:
º
EVALUATION
1.) Was new information submitted by a member of the public for this area?
YES X . NO
2.) If new information has been submitted, does the submission include the following?
YES X . NO
b) detailed narrative that describes the wilderness characteristics of the area and
documents how that information differs from the information in prior inventories
conducted by BLM regarding the wilderness values of the area?
YES X_. . NO
c) photographic documentation?
YES - NO X
d) any information not identified above? If so, please describe what it is.
l
3. As a result of interdisciplinary review of relevant information (which may include aerial
photographs, state and county road information, road maintenance agreements,
documentation from prior BLM inventories, field observations, maps, plats, evidence
presented as new information by a proponent, etc.), do you conclude
a) the decision reached in previous BLM inventories that the area lacks
wilderness characteristics remains valid.
(or)
X_b) some or all of the area has wilderness characteristics as shown on the
attached map.
4. Describe your findings regarding specific wilderness characteristics and provide detailed
rationale.
SUWA suggests that several parcels that were excluded from the 1999 Utah Wilderness
Inventory (and subsequent January 2002 revision) due to an error by the BLM and must be
added to the WIA. At the time of the inventory BLM was instructed to only consider land
within the boundaries of Utah Wilderness Coalition's proposal, aka H.R. 1500. The re
inventory was initiated in 1996. Theses parcels are being considered as “new information”
under this review, based on RMP scoping comments submitted (date as noted above).
The lands under review are described in the four comments (A-D) that were tied to the
submitted map.
Comment A "Along the western boundary of the WIA and northeast of the town of
Woodside, BLM failed to inventory past several arbitrary section lines in their
reevaluation, despite the fact the these lands clearly retain their matural character
and are free of any significant impacts. BLM should extend the WIA to the power line
and associated route, then exclude via cherry-stem the routes leading to certain stock
ponds, along with the ponds themselves. "
Size: This comment affects Two parcels, one 2674 acres and the other 2493 acres,
which are contiguous to other lands having wilderness characteristics; therefore, they
are not required to meet the size criteria of 5,000 acres or more.
Appearance of Naturalness: The lands are in a natural condition. No mineral
claims or oil and gas leases, encumber them. There are no vegetation manipulation
impacts, evident. There is a power line ROW (U-21372) and some livestock facilities
with associated access roads, but otherwise the land appears to not be impacted by
man's activities to the casual visitor. The route inventory indicates some unimproved
routes and trails may exist. The BLM MOU with Emery County for road construction
and maintenance do not identify additional routes.
- -
Conclusion: These two parcels contain land with wilderness characteristics that
extend from the adjacent WIA. The power line ROW will comprise the western
boundary. Livestock facilities and access routes will be excluded.
Comment B “BLM incorrectly determined the area southeast of Woodside and south
of the Price River to lack wilderness character, and drew the WIA boundary on
arbitrary section lines rather than significant impact. The area excluded is natural
and free of significant impacts. BLM should reinventory this area and include it in
the WIA. "
Size: This comment applies to one 678 acres parcel that is contiguous to other lands
having wilderness characteristics.
Appearance of Naturalness: This parcel was inventoried during the 1999 Utah
Wilderness Inventory and found to lack naturalness. A field review carried out prior
to publishing the January 2002 Price Office revision reconfirmed that finding.
Outstanding Opportunity for primitive recreation and solitude: Recreation use
levels are very low, although it is adjacent to US 6 and private land the expectation of
l
meeting anyone else is minimal.
Supplemental Values: No supplemental values were identified on these “new
information” parcels.
Conclusion: No changes to the findings cited above are necessary. This parcel lacks
the requisite wilderness characteristics.
Comment C “BLM has failed to include all areas of wilderness character west of the
town of Green River. Although the reevaluation added a large, natural area, BLM
incorrectly drew the boundary along arbitrary section lines. Lands of wilderness
character extend beyond these arbitrary lines, and must be included in the WIA."
l
Size: This comment affects five parcels; two are isolated 34 acres lots that do not
meet the size criteria of 5,000 acres or more, and three are contiguous to the WIA
they are 300, 1634 and 2366 acres in size.
- *-
º
Conclusion: Two small isolation parcels lack the requisite wilderness characteristics.
The three larger parcels are wild and benefit from wilderness characteristics that
extend from the adjacent WIA. The power line ROW will comprise the southern and
western boundary where it curves around this section of the Book Cliffs.
Size: The 84 acres parcel under discussion has been reduced due to ROW grants.
This comment refers to adjustments made to the planning base in the January 2002
revision to the Price Office 1999 Wilderness Inventory. As described in “H” 42 acres
were dropped because BLM granted a ROW for facilities as authorized by the DR for
Development of the Lila Canyon Project, EA #UT-070-99-022. UGDM has
subsequently issued the mining permit. In June 2007 an associated ROW was granted
to Emery County for an extension of Road #126 which will lead to the facilities site.
Construction and upgrading of that road has started.
Appearance of Naturalness: The remaining lands near the mouth of Lila Canyon are
in a natural condition. The route inventory indicates some unimproved routes and
trails may exist. The BLM MOU with Emery County for road construction and
maintenance do not identify additional routes.
Outstanding Opportunity for primitive recreation and solitude: Recreation use
levels are very low and the expectation of meeting anyone else is minimal. It is
anticipated that as development proceeds on the mine facilities, such opportunities on
this small parcel will be affected adversely affected. The area currently has primitive
O *
Re ~ -
Nº
5. Document all information considered during the interdisciplinary team review (e.g. aerial
photographs, state and county road information, road maintenance agreements,
documentation from prior BLM inventories, field observations, maps, land plats, evidence
presented as new information by a proponent, etc.
;
:
Documentation utilized during ID Team Review:
Route Inventory – data collected by BLM as part of the travel plan proposed in the
Emery County Road OHV Travel Map (2005)
Emery County/BLM Road Maintenance Agreement (1980)
Land and Mineral Title Plats
Development of the Lila Canyon Project, EA #UT-070-99-022
: 6. List the members of the interdisciplinary team and resource specialties represented.
This determination is part of an interim step in BLM's internal decision making process and
l
does not constitute a decision that can be appealed.
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APPENDIX o \_',
PRECONSTRUCTION CULTURAL RESOURCE
IDENTIFICATION PLAN
APPENDIX N
- • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ đì fè fè fè fè fè fè fè fè sè • • • • * * * * *
IDENTIFICATION AND MITIGATION OF KNOWN AND ANTICIPATED
IMPACTS-PRECONSTRUCTION CULTURAL RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION
PLAN
As noted above, the conceptual designs for the various alternatives conflict directly and indirectly
with numerous known and potential cultural resources. However, as previously stated, while the
locations of proposed well pads, access roads, pipelines, and other surface facilities (Figures 2.2-
1 — 2.6–1) have not been individually inspected, they have been conceptually identified
considering topography, land features, vegetation, and operational constraints. Onsite inspections
of individual well pads, access roads, pipelines, and other surface facility locations by the BLM
and operator personnel would occur during the permitting process for individual wells or ROWs,
and site-specific adjustments to location and orientation would be made at that time. The
individual APD and ROW permitting processes incorporate measures for protecting,
documenting, evaluating, and mitigating cultural resources through the Section 106 process,
applicable State law, and numerous Federal and State regulations.
This Preconstruction Cultural Resource Identification Plan outlines the procedures for the
identification, evaluation, management, monitoring, and mitigation (if necessary) of cultural
resources within the WTP Project Area for each disturbance. It also provides guidelines for
adherence to findings from studies currently being conducted on dust, TCPs, continuing
archaeological research, as well as previous cultural resource recommendations.
Because the nature of the proposed alternatives is conceptual, this plan refers to the entire WTP
Project Area. The area of potential effect (APE), however, refers to each specific project
component such as well pads, access roads, pipelines, and other surface facilities. Therefore,
only those resources within an individual APE would need consideration for identification,
monitoring, evaluation, or mitigation of cultural resources. Indirect and cumulative impacts, such
as the effect of dust and vibration on rock art, are considered at the level of the entire WTP
Project Area.
INVENTORY
Prior to any surface disturbance, all areas within an individual APE would be inventoried for
cultural resources. Prior to conducting the field inventory, the archaeological contractor would
obtain a project number from the SHPO, conduct a file search for previous cultural resource
inventories and previously-documented sites at either the Price Field Office, SHPO, or both, and
submit the necessary fieldwork authorization forms. If an area within an individual APE has been
previously inventoried and the BLM or SITLA find the existing inventories adequate, no new
survey would be required in the area. If unevaluated cultural resources occur in a previously
inventoried area, they would be evaluated by the archaeological contractor and eligibility and
management recommendations would be provided to the land managing agency.
.
Numerous procedures and protocols are already established for cultural resource inventories on
the BLM and State lands in general (BLM 2002c), and in the Price Field Office specifically (e.g.,
Spath 1999). The inventory procedures identified in the Cultural Resource Plan for the Ferron
Natural Gas Development project (Spath 1999) have been adopted throughout the Price Field
Office area. These procedures, with some modification due to the increased size of well pads
used for directional drilling, are reiterated below. In most regards, these inventory standards are
more stringent than in many other parts of Utah. These standards would be implemented for all
cultural resource inventories related to the Proposed Action and its alternatives because most
companies, including BBC, already adhere to these standards, which have resulted in a very
effective protection record of cultural resources in the WTP Project Area.
A. Well Pads: Survey of a 10-acre block, centered on the staked drill location (center stake) is
required for pads containing a single drill hole. Depending on the footprint, at drill
locations that contain multiple drill holes for directional drilling, an additional 0.5 to 1.0
acre would be surveyed for each down hole. In most instances, surveying this size of an
area would allow for identifying cultural resources in the vicinity of a particular location.
In many instances, it would also be large enough to allow for avoidance of most sites while
keeping the well in the same general location, which may be geologically important.
Other Facilities: A minimum 5-acre area would be surveyed for all other surface facilities.
If the surface disturbance exceeds 3 acres, a 10-acre block surrounding the center of the
facility would be inventoried for cultural resources. If the surface disturbance of a facility
exceeds five acres, the inventory area would include the facility disturbance footprint plus a
150 foot buffer on all sides.
New Roads and Pipelines: A corridor width of 300 feet; 150 feet on either side of the
ROW centerline would be inventoried for cultural resources. This corridor width allows
for adjustment of the project ROW to easily avoid most cultural resources.
Existing Roads Requiring Extensive Upgrades: Existing roads that would require extensive
modifications would be inventoried in a similar fashion to new roads and pipelines.
Regular Maintenance, Reroutes, and Minor Upgrades: New surface disturbances related to
maintenance, reroutes, and minor upgrades would be inventoried for cultural resources.
Fifty feet on either side of the road center would be surveyed for road maintenance
requiring more than blading and small reroutes. Larger reroutes longer than 200 feet would
be surveyed to a width of 150 feet on either side of the reroute center. Minor upgrades,
such as culverts and drainage control channels would be inventoried based on the extent of
the disturbance. At a minimum, a buffer of 100 feet around the maximum area of
disturbance would be inventoried for cultural resources.
All necessary efforts to avoid eligible cultural resources would be made during the planning
phases of a particular undertaking. These efforts include, but are not limited to, rerouting
pipelines or road corridors and moving well locations or other facilities to ensure the
avoidance of important resources during the design phase.
EVALUATION
All sites identified in an individual APE would be evaluated for eligibility for inclusion on the
NRHP. The NRHP criteria for evaluation and procedures for nominating cultural resources to the
NRHP are outlined in 36 CFR 60.1 as follows:
The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, and culture is present
in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects of State and local importance that posses
integrity of location, design, setting, material, workmanship, feeling and association, and that
they:
a) ...are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broads
patterns of our history; or
In addition, 36 CFR 60.4 states those cultural resources that meet the above criteria but have
achieved significance within the last 50 years shall not be considered eligible for nomination to
the NRHP unless they are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria, or if they meet
additional exceptional criteria outlined therein.
Cultural resources reports, specific to APD or ROW applications, would be submitted prior to or
at the time these documents are submitted to the land management agencies. Through their
archaeological contractor, BBC would initiate and prepare these documents for the land
management agency. The cultural resource reports would adhere to the requirements and
recommendation specified in the BLM Cultural Resources Management 8110 and 8120 Manuals
and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archaeological and Historic
Preservation. As such, the reports would include a description of previous work in the vicinity of
the undertaking, a cultural history overview, a summary of the findings of the inventory,
eligibility recommendations, and management recommendations. Upon receiving and reviewing
the cultural resource reports, the BLM or SITLA would initiate the Section 106 consultation with
the SHPO.
CONSTRUCTION MONITORING
DISCOVERY PLAN
In the case that an unanticipated buried cultural resource (referred to hereafter as a discovery) is
identified during surface-disturbing activities, the following protocol would be followed to ensure
the proper identification, evaluation, and mitigation of adverse impacts to the resource.
Discovery Protocol Overview
In general, all activity within 100 feet of the discovery would cease immediately. Work may not
resume until the resource can be identified and evaluated by the archaeological contractor and the
appropriate government archaeologist. In direct consultation with the BLM, SITLA or other
appropriate surface management agency, SHPO, BBC, and the archaeological contractor would
develop an emergency treatment strategy. Efforts would be made to expedite resumption of
construction without further adverse impacts to the cultural resource. Briefly, the following six
steps must be completed before work can resume in the vicinity of the discovery.
1. Cease all activity within 100 feet of the discovery. Work can continue outside the
100-foot buffer if an archaeological monitor is present and has determined that no
additional impacts to the discovery would occur.
2. Notification
a. If the discovery is on the BLM lands, notify the appropriate BLM Field Office,
and SHPO of the discovery within 24 hours.
b. If the discovery is on State or private land, notify SITLA and SHPO of the
discovery within 24 hours.
4. Determination of eligibility.
5. Action Plan/Mitigation.
6. Resumption of work upon receipt of written permission from the appropriate land
management agency or SHPO.
If unanticipated cultural resources are encountered during the course of surface disturbance, the
following procedures shall be followed before work can resume.
In order to understand the nature and extent of the discovery, an archaeologist would
document the discovery following the BLM guidelines for site documentation as stated in
the 8100 manuals. This can include, but is not limited to, documenting exposed artifacts
and features; mapping the extent of artifacts, features, and cultural horizons; and
documenting natural and cultural stratigraphy in open trenches or pits.
2. Evaluation of Eligibility
The discovery would be evaluated, based on the eligibility criteria outlined above, to
determine if it is a property that is eligible for inclusion on the NRHP. The contract
archaeologist would make eligibility recommendations to the appropriate government
entity. The government archaeologist would either concur or not concur with the
eligibility recommendation. If needed or required, the government archaeologist would
consult with the SHPO or seek concurrence on the preliminary eligibility determination.
Findings of eligibility can include ineligible, eligible, and in rare cases, insignificant data
to make a determination (e.g., unevaluated).
a. If the site is determined to be ineligible for inclusion to the NRHP, and there is
SHPO concurrence on this eligibility recommendation, work may resume and no
further action need be taken.
b. If the site is determined to be eligible for inclusion on the NRHP, the appropriate
government officials, BBC, and their contractors, would determine an
appropriate action plan to mitigate any adverse effects to the resource so work
can continue.
lf the site is determined to be eligible for inclusion on the NRHP, then an assessment of the
disturbance to the resource would be made. If there is a finding of “no adverse effect,” work may
resume after adequate documentation is completed, and BBC or its contractors receive permission
to proceed from the appropriate government representative.
If the site is determined to be eligible and there is a finding of “adverse effect” to the resource,
then procedures to mitigate the adverse effects must be completed before work can continue.
Mitigation efforts would be contingent upon several factors. These include the type and extent of
the disturbed resource, the extent of the adverse effect, and whether or not it is possible to avoid
any further impact to the resource.
Mitigation efforts can be considered either non-destructive or destructive, and can include:
Non-destructive methods include narrative descriptions, scaled drawings and profiles, mapping,
and noninvasive procedures such as photography and the use of remote sensing technologies.
Destructive methods include artifact collection, testing, excavation, and the recovery of samples
for environmental analysis and dating (e.g., charcoal or soil samples for radiocarbon or
l
macrobotanical analysis). It is recommended that any destructive methods used in mitigation be
restricted to areas where adverse effects have occurred.
Unanticipated Discovery of Human Remains and Associated Materials
A. Discovery Notification
An in-situ assessment of the remains would be made to determine the cultural affiliation
of the remains to aid in determining required actions as defined in a written Action Plan
prepared by the BLM. The BLM would meet all requirements of NAGPRA for all
discoveries of human remains and associated objects in accordance with 43 CFR 10. All
reasonable measures would be taken by the involved parties to resolve issues regarding
affiliation and disposition of human remains within 30 days as required by law.
BBC is responsible for the security and protection of human remains during NAGRPA
consultations, at least until disposition of the remains is determined.
Resumption of Work
Work in the immediate vicinity of the human remains may not resume until after the
disposition of the human remains is determined. Permission to proceed would come from
the BLM, after consultation with SHPO and appropriate Tribal representatives. This
permission can only be given after a written binding agreement is executed between the
necessary parties. This agreement adopts a recovery plan for removal, treatment, and
disposition of the human remains or associated objects in accordance with 43 CFR Part
10.4(e).
Treatment of human remains discovered on State or private land would be treated as defined by
State law, State of Utah Code Annotated 9-9-401 et seq., 7-9-704, 9-9-305, 9-8-176. Human
remains discovered on lands managed by SITLA would be treated as defined in its Trustees’
Board Policy 97-04.
A. Discovery Notification
either verbal or written, of the discovery to the SITLA, SHPO, and the appropriate law
enforcement agency. If the remains are determined to not be of forensic importance, an
assessment of the remains would be made.
An in-situ assessment of the remains would be made to determine the cultural affiliation
of the remains to aid in determining required actions as defined in a written Action Plan
prepared by the SHPO. SHPO would meet all requirements of applicable State and
Federal laws for all discoveries of human remains and associated objects on State lands
and private property. All reasonable measures would be taken by the involved parties to
resolve issues regarding affiliation and disposition of human remains within 30 days as
required by law.
BBC is responsible for the security and protection of human remains during consultations
if the remains are located on State or private lands.
Resumption of Work
Work in the immediate vicinity of the human remains may not resume until after the
disposition of the human remains. Permission to proceed would come from the SITLA or
SHPO in consultation the appropriate Tribal representatives, depending on property
ownership. This permission can only be given after a written binding agreement is
executed between the necessary parties. This agreement adopts a recovery plan for
removal, treatment, and disposition of the human remains or associated objects. Removal
of human remains from State and private lands can only be executed by special permit
issued by the SHPO and after consultation with the Native American Remains Committee
and affiliated Tribes.
§
In
>
Sº
×
O
APPENDIX O
:
L
List of Cultural Resource Projects with Positive Results
Project - - a-
42Cb0101, 42Cb0102,42Cb0103,42Cb0104,
Unknown AERC CCP-77 42Cbſ) 105
Unknown º anagement
42Cb()014 Report by Nancy Coulam
Unknown º anagement
42Cb0243, 42Cb0244, 42Cb0246 Louthan 1976
Project Comments
Number/ID
Organization Findings
Bureau of Land
42DcO330, 42DC0331, 42DCO332(1645),
U-80-BL-653 42DCO333(1643), 42Dc0334(1643),
Management
42Dc0335(1643), 42DCO336(1643), 42Dc0337
Project -
Number/ID º
º
Sagebrush
U-94-SJ-0330 Archaeological 42Cb0245, 42Cb0996
Consultants
Bureau of Land
U-96-BL-0041 42DC 1618
Management
42Cb1045, 42Cb1046 , 42Cb104742Cb1048,
42Cb1049, 42Cb 1050, 42Cb1051, 42DclO58,
42Dc 1059,42DC 1060, 42DC 1061, 42DC 1062,
42Dc1063, 42DC 1064, 42Dc1065, 42Dc1066,
42DC 1067, 42Dc 1068, 42DC 1069, 42DC 1070,
42Dc 1071, 42DC 1072 , 42DC 1073, 42DC 1074,
Bureau of Land 42DC 1075, 42DC 1076, 42DC1077, 42Dc1078,
U-96-BL-0276
Management 42DC 1080, 42Dc 1081 , 42Dc 1082,42DC 1083,
42Dc 1084,42Dc 1085, 42DC 1086, 42DC 1087,
42DC 1088, 42Dc 1089.42DC 1090,42DC 1091,
42Dc1093, 42DC 1094, 42DC 1095,42DC 1096,
42DC 1097, 42DC 1098, 42Dcl 104,42Dcl 105,
42Dcl 107,42Dc l l l 1, 42DC l l 12, 42Dcll 13,
42DC l l 14
U-02-BL-08 16 "..."
anagement
|42C80860
42Cb0241, 42Cb1298, 42Cb1710, 42Cb1711,
42Cb1712, 42Cb1713, 42Cb1714, 42Cb1715,
42Cb1717. 42Cb1718, 42Cb1719, 42Cb1720.
42Cb1721.42Cb1723, 42Cb1724, 42Cb1725,
- 42Cb1726,42Obl727, 42Cb1728, 42Cb1729,
º Tººls 42Cb1730, 42Cb1731, 42Cb1732, 42Cb1733, Smith 2003
42Cb1734, 42Cb1735, 42Cb1736, 42Cb1737,
42Cb1738, 42Cb1739, 42Cb1740, 42Cb1741,
42Cb1742, 42Cb1742, 42Cb1743, 42Cb1745,
42Cb1746, 42Cb1747, 42Cb1748, 42Cb1749,
42Cb1750, 42Cb1752, 42Cb1754
Montgomery Mont dR
U-02-MQ-0170b Archaeological 42Cb0996 ontgomery and Kaney
2002
Consultants
U-03-MQ-560bs Montgomery
Archaeological 42Cb1722, 42Cb1732, 42Cb1861, 42Cb1909, Patterson 2003a
42Cb1910
Consultants
U-03-MQ- Montgomery
0758b. Archaeological 42DC le 16, 42DC le 17,42Dcl668, 42DC loé9 Patterson 2003c
p Consultants
Montgomery -
Montgomery o
U-03-MQ-0765b Archaeological 42Cb1466,42DC 1302, 42DC 1618, 42DC lo 19, Patterson 2003e
C 42DC 1620.
onsultants
Montgomery
U-03-MQ-0766 ^º - 42Cb1926, 42Cb1927, 42Cb1928, 42Cb1929,
42Cb1930, 42Cb1931 Patterson 2003b
onsultants
º º: º
Project -
rganization º
Number/ID
---
Orga º
º º º: º -
-
Allison 2004b.
Montgomery
Archaeological - 42Cb2078, 42Cb2O79, 42Cb2080, 42Cb2081,
U-04-MQ-344b 42Cb2082,42Cb2083, 42Cb2084,42Cb2085 Montgomery 2004a
Consultants
Montgomery
U-04-MQ-0345b Archaeological 42Cb2074,42Cb2075, 42Cb2076, 42Cb2077 Montgomery 2004b
Consultants
Montgomery
U-05-MQ-1200b Archaeological 42Cb2457 Bond and Patterson 2005
Consultants
º:
Number/ID
º:
tº º
** -
-
subsequent analysis)
42Cb106, 42Cb732, 42Cb2223, 42Cb2223,05
Montomgery 458-HBl, 05-458-HB2,05-458-HB3, 05-458- Patterson, nd (in prep.)
-- Arcaheological
Consultants
HB4. 05-458-HB5, 05-458-HB6, 05-458-HB7,
05-458-HB8, 05-458-HB9,05-458-HB10, 05-
Preliminary A prºp
(Preliminary Assessment)
t