S 000 13a0 0001P - 2

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REFINING MAJOR PROJECTS GENERAL MANAGEMENT
PROJECT: RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PDVSA DOC. No.
SUBPROJECT: GENERAL 3006-5000-DM115891
UNIT: GENERAL (U-00) CONFEED DOC. No.
AREA: GENERAL S-000-13A0-0001P
PHASE: DETAILED ENGINEERING REV. 2 DATE: 16-6-15
DISCIPLINE: MECHANICAL
TITLE: GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PAINTING AND SURFACE PAGE 2 OF 63
PREPARATION
PDVSA PROJECT NO.: 3006; CONFEED JOB CODE: 0-5792-20-0000
RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PAINTING AND

SURFACE PREPARATION
UNIT 00
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Contents
1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................. 6
2 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 American Society for Testing Materials - ASTM ............................................................................... 6
2.2 National Association of Corrosion Engineers – NACE .................................................................... 6
2.3 The Society of Protective Coatings – SSPC ..................................................................................... 7
2.4 Comisión Venezolana de Normas Industriales - COVENIN (Industrial Venezuelan Industrial
Codes) .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.5 Project Specification ........................................................................................................................... 7
2.6 Technical Memorandum (TM) ............................................................................................................. 7
3 DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 8
3.1 Surface Preparation............................................................................................................................. 8
3.2 Abrasive Blast Cleaning ..................................................................................................................... 8
3.3 Solvent Cleaning (SSPC-SP 1) ........................................................................................................... 8
3.4 Manual - Mechanical Tool Cleaning (SSPC-SP2/3/11) ...................................................................... 8
3.5 Surface Roughness ............................................................................................................................. 8
3.6 Paint ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.7 Solid Volume ........................................................................................................................................ 9
3.8 Shelf Life............................................................................................................................................... 9
3.9 Pot Life.................................................................................................................................................. 9
3.10 Available Paint Presentations ............................................................................................................ 9
3.11 Paint Systems .................................................................................................................................... 10
3.12 Coating ............................................................................................................................................... 10
3.13 Brush .................................................................................................................................................. 10
3.14 Roller ................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.15 Spray .................................................................................................................................................... 11
3.16 Curing .................................................................................................................................................. 11
3.17 Film Thickness ....................................................................................................................................11
3.18 Inch Thousandth (mils) ...................................................................................................................... 11
3.19 Failure .................................................................................................................................................. 11
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3.20 Vendor / Paint Contractor .................................................................................................................. 11

3.21 PDVSA Representative ...................................................................................................................... 12
3.22 PDVSA ................................................................................................................................................ 12
3.23 Paint Manufacturer ............................................................................................................................ 12
3.24 Inspection ........................................................................................................................................... 12
3.25 Vendor Standard Painting System (VS) ........................................................................................... 12
3.26 CONFEED ........................................................................................................................................... 12
3.27 Off-the Shelf Item (Line manufactured) ........................................................................................... 12
3.28 Manufactured Item ............................................................................................................................. 12
4 EXTENT OF PAINTING ...................................................................................................................... 12
PART I – REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................................................... 13

1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................... 13
2 STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION ................................................................................................... 15
2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 15
2.2 Surface Preparation through Abrasive Blast Cleaning.................................................................. 17
2.3 Surface Preparation through Mechanical Tools Cleaning ............................................................. 20
2.4 Equipment and Structures to be Field Painted .............................................................................. 20
2.5 Surface Preparation for Vessels or Re-used Equipment ............................................................... 20
2.6 Protection of Adjacent Equipment ................................................................................................... 20
3 GALVANIZED STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION ........................................................................... 21
4 STAINLESS STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION .............................................................................. 21
4.1 New Surface ....................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2 Installed Surface ................................................................................................................................ 21
5 PAINT APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................... 21
5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 21
5.2 Spray Application .............................................................................................................................. 24
5.3 Brush Application .............................................................................................................................. 24
5.4 Roller Application .............................................................................................................................. 24
6 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................... 25
6.1 Stainless Steel.................................................................................................................................... 25
6.2 Galvanized Surfaces ......................................................................................................................... 26
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6.3 Repairs to Galvanized Coatings ....................................................................................................... 26

7 DAMAGE OR DEFECT PREPARATION ........................................................................................... 26
8 PAINT APPLICATION SAFETY ......................................................................................................... 27
8.1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................. 27
8.2 Industrial Painting Material Handling .............................................................................................. 27
8.3 Personnel Protection ........................................................................................................................ 28
9 INSPECTION METHOD AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA ................................................................. 29
9.1 Tests .................................................................................................................................................... 29
9.2 Inspection ........................................................................................................................................... 31
PART II - PAINT SYSTEMS ....................................................................................................................... 38
PART III - COLOR CODES ........................................................................................................................ 60

1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................... 60
2 COLOR SCHEMES FOR SAFETY EQUIPMENTS ............................................................................ 60
3 COLOR SCHEMES FOR INSTRUMENTS ......................................................................................... 61
4 COLOR SCHEMES FOR SIGNS ........................................................................................................ 61
5 COLOR SCHEMES FOR MACHINERY/ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ............................................... 61
6 PIPING ................................................................................................................................................. 62
6.1 Inside the Installations (Inside of Process/Utility Units)................................................................ 62
6.2 Outside the Installations (Interconnection Pipe Rack, i.e. Unit 66) .............................................. 62
7 STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENT ..................................................................................................... 62
8 TANK COLOR SCHEME FOR TANK AND EXCHANGER................................................................ 63
9 COLOR SCHEME FOR VESSELS (STRUCTURES) ......................................................................... 63
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1 GENERAL
This specification covers the minimum requirement for the design, painting material, surface
preparation, application method and inspection of protective painting to be applied at shop and field
for RPLC DEEP CONVERSION – PHASE II Project.
This specification governs painting of the surface of carbon steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel
for new and existing structures, equipment and piping, unless other type of material is stated.
This specification is divided into three sections:
Part I Requirements
Part II Paint system
Part III Color codes
2 REFERENCES
Where no specific revision numbers or dates is specified in this specification, the latest versions of
the industrial codes / standards as of 1-Sep-2011 shall govern.
2.1 American Society for Testing Materials - ASTM

ASTM A 123/A 123M Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron
and Steel Products
ASTM A 153/A 153M Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel
Hardware AASHTO No.: M232
ASTM A 53/A 53M Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped,
Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
ASTM A 780/A 780M Standard Practice for Repair of Damaged and Uncoated Areas of
Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings
ASTM D 3359 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
ASTM D 4414 Standard Practice for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by Notch
Gages
ASTM D 4417 Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast
Cleaned Steel
ASTM G 62 Standard Test Methods for Holiday Detection in Pipeline Coatings
ASTM D4285 Standard Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed Air
2.2 National Association of Corrosion Engineers – NACE

NACE RP 0287 Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Abrasive Blast-Cleaned Steel
Surfaces Using a Replica Tape
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2.3 The Society of Protective Coatings – SSPC

SSPC-PA 2 Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Magnetic Gages
SSPC-SP 1 Solvent Cleaning
SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning
SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning
SSPC-SP 5 White Metal Blast Cleaning (NACE 1)
SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Blast Cleaning (NACE 3)
SSPC-SP 7 Brush-Off Blast Cleaning (NACE 4)
SSPC-SP 10 Near-White Blast Cleaning (NACE 2)
SSPC-SP 11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal
SSPC-VIS 1 Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by
Abrasive Blast Cleaning
SSPC-VIS 3 Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by
Power- and Hand-Tool Cleaning
2.4 Comisión Venezolana de Normas Industriales - COVENIN (Industrial Venezuelan

Industrial Codes)
COVENIN 187 Colors, symbols and dimensions for Safety Signs.
COVENIN 253 Identification codes for fluid filled piping.
2.5 Project Specification

3006-5000-DM115894(S-000-13A0-0004P) General Specification for Lettering and Marking
3006-5000-DI116003 (S-000-1370-0003P) General Specification for Packaged Equipment
Instrumentation
2.6 Technical Memorandum (TM)

The following listed Technical Memorandums (TM) reflected in this specification.
TM-JY/PD-0153 Clarification for General Specification for Painting
TM-JY/PD-0264 Revised Detail Engineering Design Data for Civil and Structure
TM-JY/PD-0339 Clarification for Part I: Requirements (General Specification for
Painting and Surface Preparation)
TM-JY/PD-0342 Clarification for Color Scheme (General Specification for Painting and
Surface Preparation)
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TM-JY/PD-0343 Clarification of Paint System under Cementitious Fireproofing

(General Specification for Painting and Surface Preparation)
TM-JY/PD-0708 Paint Application instead of Galvanized Steel
TM-JY/PD-0724 Application of SS Clad Piping
CFD-36035-TM-12-0023 Study Results for Comments on General Specification for Painting
Surface Preparation
CFD-36035-TM-12-0056 Technical Proposal for Specification for Painting and Surface
Preparation
CFD-36035-TM-12-0075 Modification of GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PAINTING AND
SURFACE PREPARATION, Rev.B
3 DEFINITIONS
3.1 Surface Preparation

This is a treatment or pre-conditioning done to a surface or substrate before applying the paint or
coating.
3.2 Abrasive Blast Cleaning

This is a method of cleaning by high speed projection of abrasive, hitting against the surface to clean.
This method shall not be used where gas leaks or explosive mixes may occur.
3.3 Solvent Cleaning (SSPC-SP 1)

This is a method of cleaning to remove certain types of contaminant material such as oil, grease,
petroleum, dirt and salts on the surface using solvents, detergents or any other appropriate media.
3.4 Manual - Mechanical Tool Cleaning (SSPC-SP2/3/11)

This is a method of cleaning to remove any rust, dirt, outer coating and paints or poorly adhered
coatings, using hand tools (wire brushes, spatulas, chisels, knifes and hand hammers) or power
tools (electrically or pneumatically).
- With hand tools (SSPC-SP 2)
- With power tools (SSPC-SP 3, SSPC-SP11)
3.5 Surface Roughness

It is defined as the difference between peak-to-valley profiles after the abrasive blast cleaning. The
profile’s depth depends on the size, type and hardness of the abrasive, particle speed and impact
angle, surface hardness, amount of recycled abrasive material and adequate maintenance of
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working mixes of minerals or metals.
3.6 Paint
It is defined as a liquid material that after being applied to a surface produces a dry film or coating
that remains adhered on it.
3.7 Solid Volume

Solid volume is contained in paint material. It is usually expressed in percentage.
3.8 Shelf Life

Shelf life refers to the maximum time on which a paint material may be stored on usable conditions.
3.9 Pot Life

Pot life refers to the time on which the mix of two (2) component paint maintains its properties at
environmental temperature. After this time the reaction that has already begun inside of the mix
reaches a point on which it may not behave on the material surface with all its foreseen properties.
After the useful time indicated on the technical data sheet of the product, all unused product shall be
retired and discarded. This is characteristic on 2 component paints that form a film through a
chemical reaction between them, like epoxy paints or polyurethane made of two components.
3.10 Available Paint Presentations

Physical presentation of the paints may vary depending fundamentally on the resin - pigment ratio.
According to this ratio, paint is found on the following presentations:
3.10.1 Primer Presentation

Primers or bases are much pigmented paints that are applied directly to the surface to be painted.
Bases have the following functions:
- Corrosion prevention through the use of anticorrosive pigments
- Anchor for other paint coats.
- Seal for old coats to allow the application of new systems that are not compatible with the
existing ones.
3.10.2 Enamel Presentation

These are paints that have resin as their main component. These are generally used as a topcoat.
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3.11 Paint Systems

It is a group of paints that have properties fundamentally designed for a specific kind of application,
where each paint complies with a specific function. Under corrosive conditions, paint systems are
the ones that are closer to covering on an efficient way the demanded requirements according to
type, substrate condition, fluid characteristics and service temperature among others.
Components of a paint system are:
3.11.1 Primer
It is considered one of the most important components on the paint systems. It is the base on which
all the rest of paints are applied, and as such it shall have a strong adhesion to the substrate and
shall provide a surface that allows proper adherence to the following paints. It also has the
anticorrosive pigments, capable of diminishing or controlling corrosion. Their selection depends on
the type of substrate, preparation conditions of the surfaces and application temperature among
others.
3.11.2 Intermediate Coat

This is the one that provides body to the system, since it adds up thickness, and as it goes bigger it
improves all other properties, such as chemical resistance, abrasion, impact and electric resistance.
It has a strong adherence to the base, and also good base for the topcoat. Its application depends
on the conditions and the type of base, and its main objective is to reinforce against corrosion.
3.11.3 Topcoat
It is the initial barrier against the environment. This possesses certain characteristics that provide
the final finish and adequate appearance through color, texture and shine. Its selection depends on
the type of intermediate coat, application purpose, and time and exposure method.
3.12 Coating
A coating is defined as a film or barrier made of a different material to the base or substrate on which
it will be applied. The coating is a barrier between the substrate and the environment.
3.13 Brush
This is the simplest device, recommended to be applied most of the bases, mainly on irregular
surfaces such as: edges, around rivets, corners, around locks, welds and similar areas. It is not
recommended for inorganic zinc rich silicate.
3.14 Roller
The roller is a simple cylinder covered with wool or synthetic fiber which is placed on a handle that
allows it to roll freely extending the material through a light pressure done against the surface to
cover. It shall be submerged on a special tray with a tilted ramp.
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3.15 Spray
This application method is not only faster than any other alternative, but it also produces more
uniform thickness and leaves less imperfection than any other method.
There are two systems for spray application:
- Airless spray
- Air or conventional spray
3.15.1 Airless Spray

The airless system does not use air to atomize the paint. In this case, the liquid is force to go
through small orifices through hydraulic pressure turning the paint into a fine mist, which is projected
on to the surface to coat.
3.15.2 Conventional Spray

This method consists of the atomization and application of the paint through compressed air action,
which must be clean and dry.
3.16 Curing
Irreversible hardening of a plastic material, using heat, radiation or chemical additive reaction, that
results in a stable material that is in condition to be used.
3.17 Film Thickness

Amount of paint, dry or wet, deposited on a surface, usually measured in thousandths of inches
(mils).
3.18 Inch Thousandth (mils)

Unit used to measure film thickness of paint or coating system. It is equivalent to a thousandth of
inch (0.001”) or 25.4 microns.
3.19 Failure
This is referred to any defect and/or discontinuity on a coating that compromises its normal
performance or useful life.
3.20 Vendor / Paint Contractor

Person, company or corporation that executes painting works either at shop or at field under
contract with this procedure.
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3.21 PDVSA Representative

Company or corporation assigned by PDVSA to control / monitor all painting works at shop and field.
For this RPLC project, PDVSA representative is CONFEED.
3.22 PDVSA
The Owner of the RPLC Deep Conversion Project PHASE - II
3.23 Paint Manufacturer

Paint material supplier used at shop and at field
3.24 Inspection
Activity that the paint inspector executes to verify that the works are being done according to the
technical specifications listed on the contract.
3.25 Vendor Standard Painting System (VS)

Purchased items such as off-line piping specialty items, machinery, electrical equipment and
instruments (local panels, terminal boxes, off-line instruments, etc.) shall be supplied with Vendor
Standard Painting System (VS). Vendor standard painting system shall be suitable for the expected
operating temperature and shall have sufficient service life.
3.26 CONFEED
A consortium formed by JGC Corporation, INELECTRA and Chiyoda Corporation, EPaCm
(Engineering, Procurement assistance, Construction management) Contractor for the execution of
the RPLC Deep Conversion Project Phase II
3.27 Off-the Shelf Item (Line manufactured)

Items in which Vendor purchase from manufacturer and not custom made
3.28 Manufactured Item

Items in which Vendor custom made, i.e. Vendor purchase the raw material, fabricate as per
COFEED's specified data sheet, drawing, etc.
4 EXTENT OF PAINTING
All surfaces shall be painted according to the paint systems specified in PART II, with the following
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exception:
(1) Uninsulated stainless steel surfaces
(2) New galvanized steel surfaces except for appearance and/or identification purpose.
(3) Machined surfaces
(4) Gasket Contact Surface
(5) Name Plate
(6) Bottom surfaces of base plate in contact with concrete, mortar and/or oil sand
(7) Plastic and plastic coated materials
(8) Metal jackets of insulation
All surfaces inaccessible after assembly shall be completely painted before assembling. In case of
being impractical and/or inaccessible to apply an applicable painting system, at least primer shall be
applied to the substrate.
PART I – REQUIREMENTS
1 GENERAL
1.1 Diverse surface preparation techniques are described on NACE TM-01-70/75 or other equivalent
codes. Prepared surface, before applying the topcoat, will be of the respective grade, as specified
on NACE TM-01-70/75 or equivalent code. Paint anticorrosive selection shall be done according to
the specific conditions on Part II.
Paint system shall be selected based on higher temperature among Operating Condition
(primary/alternative), Vacuum Condition, Steam Out Condition or Short Term Piping Design
Condition defined in 3006-5000-DP116001, sec. 2.8.
1.2 Before undergoing any work related with paint at construction site, a prior clarification meeting shall
be held with PDVSA Representative, Vendor/Paint Contractor Representative, and Paint
Manufacturer Representative.
1.3 Color schemes shall comply with the color code established in Part III.
1.4 At construction site, the paint material for any particular paint system (i.e. for primer, intermediate
and topcoat) shall be from the same Paint Manufacturer to assure compatibility. In any case that
paint material is applied at different location (i.e. primer at Vendor shop, intermediate and topcoat at
field), paint material may not be from a single Paint Manufacturer. In such case Paint Contractor
shall ensure to perform the inspection of compatibility between the paint applied at Vendor shop and
the succeeding paint applied at field in accordance to Paint Manufacturer's instruction. Paint
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Contractor shall report the compatibility to PDVSA Representative for approval.

The Vendor / Paint Contractor shall prepare a detailed paint program and/or a work procedure that
includes at least the following information:
1.4.1 Anticorrosive paints shall be identified with the following information:

(1) Paint Manufacturer’s Name
(2) Generic Paint Name
(3) Component’s Number
(4) Color (RAL Code Number)
(5) Lot Number
(6) Manufacturing and Expiring Date
(7) Safety Precautions
(8) Use Instructions
1.4.2 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and Technical Data Sheet
1.4.3 Management and storage method for paints and solvents at site
1.4.4 Grading of abrasive material, where the content of contaminants such as dirt, humidity, oil,
grease, clay and soluble salts is specified
1.4.5 Surface preparation procedures
1.4.6 Characteristic of application equipment such as sprays, brushes or rollers and paint
application procedure including reparation procedure on any damages to the paint films
applied.
1.4.7 Inspection procedures before, during and after the paint application using properly qualified
teams.
1.4.8 Organic waste disposal (paints and solvents among others)
1.4.9 In case of requiring additional information, it shall be supplied by Vendor/Paint Contractor to

PDVSA Representative.
1.5 Responsibility of Vendor / Paint Contractor
Vendor/Paint Contractor in charge of the paint work shall be responsible for:
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♦ Workmanship shall be certified by a recognized entity.

♦ Strict compliance of this specification and all documents related with itself, such as site
regulations, safety rules and codes named among others.
♦ PDVSA’s approval about safety certification, availability (equipment, piping and vessels
among others) and realized tests shall be obtained before starting any paint work.
♦ Paint work maintenance until the end of the contract. This shall include any damage repair.
Whenever the damage is caused by others a proper payment shall be accorded.
♦ Good condition and paint quality shall be assured, through quality certificates supplied by
the Paint Manufacturer.
♦ Safekeeping of all paints and solvents, cleaning material supply, tools, site arrangement,
transport services and competent supervision required.
♦ Workshop facilities, tools and equipment shall be maintained and cleaned.
♦ Supply of all necessary equipment, weather protection and scaffolding to paint storage
tanks and assure that the work is done according to this specification and the accorded
programs.
♦ Ground connection of the mechanical equipment and precautions to prevent static
electricity accumulation.
♦ To take all necessary precautions to avoid interference with other contractor’s work.
♦ To protect all equipment, structures and any other area against mechanical damage,
caused by the abrasives during abrasive blast cleaning, paint splashing or over spraying.
♦ Examples of the areas to be protected are: valve stems, glass pressure gauges with glass
displays, compressors, pumps, cables, stainless steel piping, grids, control boards and
tables, equipment identification plates or other structure areas that are not being painted at
that particular time.
♦ Availability of all required inspection equipments, such as: thermometer or hygrometer,
magnetic surface thermometer, anchor profile measurer, visual surface preparation
comparator, wet and dry film thickness measuring devices, wet sponge low voltage fail
detector and high voltage fail detector.
NOTE: The scope changes that are not covered by this specification shall be first reviewed, justified
and approved by PDVSA Representative.
2 STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION
2.1 General
2.1.1 Due to Industrial Safety, Environmental and Occupational Hygiene reasons, PDVSA, as of
the publication date of this specification and in a progressive way will replace the
Sandblasting procedure using silica sand with other worker and environment friendly cleaning
technologies (see point 2.2.3). Short or long term exposure to silica dust produces a
respiratory disease known as silicosis, on which the inflammation and posterior cicatrisation
of the pulmonary tissue happens, possibly causing serious respiratory difficulties and low
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oxygen levels on the blood. Because of that, any activity that implies exposure to this dust is
considered as an occupational hazard.
2.1.2 The good performance of the paint system shall depend mainly on the surface preparation, which
consists on the removal of as much as possible foreign material from the metal surface, such as oil
and grease, welding shaves and smoke deposits, rust, incrustations, petroleum, scales and
laminating crusts. The paint used as the primer gives adequate adhesion strength for the following
paints.
2.1.3 Surface preparation grades shall be under NACE TM-01-70/75 or SSPC specifications. As a guide,
SSPC grades used are given further ahead. Additionally, NACE and ISO equivalent grades are
shown. Surface preparation shall be done, preferably, on Vendor’s shop, unless otherwise
specified.
To comply with the life expectance, minimize future maintenance expense and to optimize
anticorrosive paint systems executed on shops, abrasive surface preparation procedures shall be
used on piping, structures, vessels and new equipments.
The use of abrasive surface preparation requires as a previous step the use of organic (non oily)
solvents or biodegradable detergent solutions to eliminate any residues from oil, grease, soluble
salts and/or any other organic type contaminant that may be on the metallic surface to prepare.
There are four grades of abrasive cleaning, shown on the two Visual Codes (NACE and SSPC-VIS
3) prepared according to the four surface conditions designed under the SSPC, and its use is
recommended to describe or specify steel surface preparation grades with abrasive jet. The four
surface preparation grades are defined as follows (see TABLE 1):
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TABLE 1 SURFACE PREPARATION GRADE
Surface SSPC NACE ISO Characteristics

preparation
grade
White Metal SSPC-SP 5 NACE 1 ISO Sa 3 Surface presents a uniform color
Blast (white-gray), no shadows, and with a
Cleaning light roughness to form an anchor
pattern for the paint system, shall be
free from all material different to base
metal.
Near White SSPC-SP 10 NACE 2 ISO Sa 2-1/2 Surface is free from materials different
Metal Blast to base metal, except for light shadows
Cleaning or discoloration due to rust adhered to
the metal. At least 95% of any area on
the surface shall have white metal
appearance, and the rest shall have
light shadows.
Commercial SSPC-SP 6 NACE 3 ISO Sa 2 Surface is free from oil, grease, dirt,
Blast rust scabs and all rust, lamination and
Cleaning old not properly adhered paint, except
light shadows and discolorations due
to rust stains or lamination stuck to the
metal*
Brush-Off SSPC-SP 7 NACE 4 ISO Sa 1 Surface is free from oil, grease and dirt
Blast and all corrosion products and old not
Cleaning properly adhered paint. The rest of the
rust, lamination and strongly adhered
paint remain on the surface
* If the surface has pitting, light rust or paint residues on the bottom of it. At least 2/3 of any metal
area shall be free from any visible residues and the rest shall be stains or residues mentioned
earlier.
2.2 Surface Preparation through Abrasive Blast Cleaning
2.2.1 Pre-cleaning for Abrasive Blast Cleaning

Oil, grease and any organic contaminant shall be removed using a proper solvent according to the
specification SSPC-SP1 or through high pressure steam, cleaning, if necessary, with an alkaline
cleaning agent. Whenever the presence of contaminants with soluble salts (chlorines, phosphates)
is suspected, a cleaning using a detergent solution biodegradable, soluble on sweet water and
simultaneous brushing, finally cleaning with a sweet water to remove all cleaning residues.
All bolt holes shall be cleaned with solvent before the abrasive blast cleaning. All cutting edges shall
be removed. Gasket contact surfaces of the flanges shall be protected using wood or cardboard.
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2.2.2 Abrasive Blasting Cleaning

Compressed air used for abrasive blast cleaning shall be free from water and oil. Traps, filters and
proper separators installed on the coolest part of the system shall be provided and shall be regularly
drained to avoid water and oil dragging. Oil and humidity accumulations shall be removed from the
air receptor through a periodic purge.
Humidity and oil determination tests shall be done with a white and absorbent material (white
handkerchief), before starting operation and every four (4) hours, putting the material at 60 cm from
the air source during at least 2 minutes. This test shall be done upstream from the filters according
to ASTM D4285.
Compressors shall not use air at a temperature higher than 230°F (110°C). Nozzles shall be
discarded and replaced after a 50% wear out.
Whenever air operated equipment is used, the operator’s head protector shall be vented with fresh,
clean air supplied through a regulator filter to avoid the inhalation of loosened up residues.
2.2.3 Abrasives
Proper abrasives to be used on abrasive blast cleaning are: (not shown in any particular order)
(1) Steel Grit
(2) Steel Shot
(3) Ductile Steel Shot
(4) Shredded Steel Grit
(5) Cut up Steel Wire
(6) Aluminum Oxide (corindon)
(7) Sponge
(8) Sodium Bicarbonate
(9) Garnet (for stainless steel only)
Steel shot Particles shall be as solid and spherical as possible. Particles with "tails” and
irregular shapes shall not be over minimum amount specified in referenced
standard for steel shot.
Steel grit Particles shall have a good angular shape with cutting sharp edges and shall
be substantially free of “mid-spheres” (i.e. a pellet broken in two)
Abrasive shall be free of oil, grease, humidity, salts (chlorine content shall not be above 35 ppm) and
clay residues.
2.2.4 Roughness Grade and Anchor Profile

The required surface roughness or the peak to valley height after the abrasive blast cleaning
depends on the particle size of the used abrasive. TABLE 2 shows the results of the profiles
obtained using different abrasives.
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2.2.5 Techniques and Restrictions for Abrasive Blast Cleaning

Abrasive blast cleaning shall be done when the surface temperature is more than 5°F (3°C) above
dew point and/or the relative humidity is less than 85%. The Vendor/Paint Contractor shall supply a
humidity measuring device (hygrometer) to determine the relative humidity, and a device to
determine dew point (psychometric and psychometrics tables and relative humidity vs. temperature
charts among others).
It is essential to assure that no condensation occurs on the steel cleaned with an abrasive blast.
Abrasive blast cleaning shall not be done on open areas close to paint operations or surfaces with a
still wet coat to avoid dust and abrasive contamination. This type of cleaning is permitted only during
daytime hours. Prepared surfaces which remain all night without the application of the primer shall
be cleaned on a less profound way with abrasive blast, until reaching the required preparation
grade.
Whenever grinding of cleaned surfaces is required, the particular areas shall be cleaned again with
abrasive blast to remove all the rust and splashes and to favor an adequate paint adhesion. The
following results are obtained when a hot rolled steel sheet is cleaned by an abrasive blast at
pressure range between 6.3 - 7.0 Kgf/cm2 (90 - 100 PSI).
TABLE 2 ROUGHNESS AND ABRASIVES
Average Profile Height

Abrasive type 25 microns 37 microns 50 microns 62.5 microns 75/100 micron
(1 mils) (1.5 mils) (2 mils) (2.5 mils) (3/4 mils)
Steel Grit
G - 80 G - 50 G - 40* G - 40* G - 25
(Grade)
Steel Shot
S - 110 S - 170 S - 230 S - 280 S - 330/390
(Grade)
Al2O3 Aluminum Oxide
T - 100 T - 50 T - 36 T - 24 T - 16
(Sieve)
Garnet 80 Mesh 36 Mesh 36 Mesh 16 Mesh 16 Mesh
* With grade G - 40 Steel grit you may obtain a roughness range between 50 to 62.5 microns.
2.2.6 Surface Preparation after Abrasive Blast Cleaning

A surface cleaned with a dry blast cleaning shall be brushed with clean hair made, fiber or bristle
brushes, compressed air blown (free of oil and water) or vacuumed to remove all cleaning product
remnants from the surface, cavities and corners.
All direct hand contact shall be avoided from the already prepared surface.
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2.3 Surface Preparation through Mechanical Tools Cleaning

This type of surface preparation shall be applicable only (but not restricted to) to remove laminations
from the metallic substrate, product of the manufacturing process and to eliminate shavings and/or
welding burr, using, preferably an emery.
Motor tool cleaning shall be accepted only when authorized by PDVSA.
2.4 Equipment and Structures to be Field Painted

Whenever alternatives for surface preparation are allowed, PDVSA Representative shall do a cost
analysis and will specify the best method to be used, taking into account:
(1) Local regulation and codes referring Industrial Security, Environment and Occupational
Hygiene.
(2) Structure and adjacent equipment proximity that may be damaged by the abrasives.
(3) Operational area proximity that may have personnel.
2.5 Surface Preparation for Vessels or Re-used Equipment

When vessels and equipment are to be re-used and assigned to new projects, they shall be treated
as new surfaces, where surface preparation procedure and paint system application per this
specification are applied.
In other words, regardless of the internal and/or external paint system conditions, these facilities
shall be put under an integral abrasive preparation and shall be coated completely with new paint
systems according to the specific operational and exposure conditions, except when the original
type of paint system is in good condition and guarantees the anticorrosive protection.
All these facilities shall be cleaned using SSPC-SP1 to remove grease, oils and any other organic
type contaminant and soluble salts.
2.6 Protection of Adjacent Equipment

Temporary protection shall be used during surface preparation and paint application, to prevent
damage occasioned due to abrasives, water, dust or paint to adjacent equipment. Such equipment
includes, and is not limited to:
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(1) Turned exposed surface, such as: axis, couplings, lubrication accessories, bars, valve stems.
(2) Glass, as the one used in instrument boxes, level checkers and lighting accessories.
(3) Exposed packing, seals and bearing surfaces.
(4) Information and identification plates, such as switch plates, instrument quadrants and warning
signs.
3 GALVANIZED STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION

Galvanized steel cleaning shall be done using SSPC-SP1 and SSPC-SP2 to remove any grease, oil
or zinc salts generated by the reaction of the zinc with oxygen contaminant and air humidity.
4 STAINLESS STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION
4.1 New Surface

Cleaning with a hydrocarbon non oily solvent, free of halogenated molecules and with vaporization
point that shall not be below 120°F (49°C) shall be done not to contaminate the surface with hands
or other objects.
After that the surface shall be given an anchoring profile that allows proper adhesion of the
anticorrosive paint systems using garnet impelled with a blast cleaning machine to avoid spread of
the abrasive to the atmosphere and allowing it to be recycled.
Abrasive with a base of garnet shall be 36 Mesh, to obtain an anchoring profile between 37 and 50
microns (1.5 - 2.0 mils).
4.2 Installed Surface

A pre-cleaning shall be performed to remove all grease, oils and soluble salts using a proper solvent
according to SSPC-SP1. Anchor profile shall be applied to the surface by nonmetallic abrasive blast
cleaning or SSPC-SP11 in order to give appropriate adherence for the anticorrosive paint systems.
Abrasive using garnet shall be 36 Mesh to obtain an anchoring profile between 37 and 50 microns
(1.5 - 2.0 mils).
In a period not longer than 4 hours, primer shall be applied.
5 PAINT APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
5.1 General
It shall be required that the lots of the specified painting products shall not be over six (6) months
since manufactured, to assure that they can be used before the expiring date established by the
Paint Manufacturer, minimizing the risk of a defective paint job and loss of the product guarantee.
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Paint material (i.e. for primer, intermediate and topcoat) for any particular paint system shall be from
the same Paint Manufacturer to assure compatibility. If paint material is applied at different location
(i.e. primer at Vendor shop, intermediate and topcoat at field), paint material may not be from the
same Paint Manufacturer. In such case, Paint Contractor shall ensure to perform the inspection of
compatibility tests and report the compatibility to PDVSA Representative for approval. This criterion
allows minimizing incompatibility risk.
Instructions from each Paint Manufacturer shall be systematically complied considering storage,
mix, aging time and useful time after component mixing among others. These shall be carefully
mixed on the specified mixing ratio and applied within pot life specified by the Paint Manufacturer.
Paint application shall be done according to the Paint Manufacturer’s instructions, especially
regarding the characteristic of the spraying equipments. Usually, paint shall be applied with
spraying systems.
All irregular portions such as weld lines, edges, corners, orifices, nuts and others shall be given a
brush applied stripe coat prior to primer application, to guarantee the adequate covering on these
zones, and to assure that way the minimum specified dry film thickness. The brushes to be used on
the application shall have a design and a quality that allow proper paint application.
Paint Manufacturers are requested to suggest solvent types to be used on the cleaning of
application equipment and to thin paints. In case paint thinning is required to reduce viscosity, the
type, grade and solvent proportion shall be agreed with the Paint Manufacturer or shall be done
according to the Paint Manufacturer’s instructions.
Hydrocarbon solvents containing halon shall be avoided for cleaning and thinning of the paint,
especially those with chlorine and fluorine molecules. An excess of thinner, without prior consult
and/or authorization from the Paint Manufacturer shall be a reason to reject the job.
5.1.1 All paint shall be carefully stirred before using it to give a uniform consistency, following the
Paint Manufacturer’s recommendation. Paints supplied with more than one component shall
be mixed on the mixing ratio specified by the Paint Manufacturer and applied within the
specified pot life after the mix is prepared, taking into consideration site’s temperature, since
pot life may be diminished at temperatures above the ones indicated by the Paint
Manufacturer.
5.1.2 Coating with heavy or metallic pigments that tend to settle shall be kept on suspension with
the continuous use of a mechanical shaker or stirrer.
5.1.3 No paint shall be used when the vehicle has hardened and cannot be mixed. No jellified or
thickened paint that requires too much thinner shall be used.
5.1.4 No paint shall be applied under the following conditions:
♦ Whenever the surface temperature is less than 5°F (3°C) above the surrounding air
dew point and/or the relative humidity is above Paint Manufacturer’s recommendation.
♦ Whenever there’s a chance of an unfavorable change on the weather within the next 2
hours after applying the coat.
♦ Whenever there are humid conditions in the form of rain and condensation among
other on the surface, unless the paint may be applied under those conditions and is
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indicated on the technical tab of the paint.
5.1.5 Surfaces with a metallic substrate temperature exceeding 122°F (50°C) shall not be painted.
5.1.6 Paint application done under doubtful atmospheric conditions is responsibility of the
Vendor/Paint Contractor. If any paint job is deemed unacceptable, painted surfaces shall be
cleaned and repainted and will be accounted to the Vendor/Paint Contractor.
Any primed surface that has been exposed to the environment or marine conditions for
several days and that is contaminated shall be cleaned with detergent, pressurized sweet
water and dried before applying the coating.
If the contamination is only dust a pressurized dry air blow shall be done or shall be cleaned
using only clean and dry cloth.
Specified primer shall be applied on the surfaces cleaned with abrasive blast within 4 hours.
Paint application with spray shall not be done at times with strong winds, since the specified
thicknesses cannot be reached, finishes tend to be irregular and the losses are notorious.
To minimize contamination between successive paint films, the coating on the previous paint
film shall be done as soon as allowed by the particular specification and its application shall
not be delayed beyond the period specified by the Paint Manufacturer. In case that the
repainting time is over, there shall be solvent cleaned by means of SSPC - SP 1, and if the
repainting is not made within the Paint Manufacturer’s maximum recommended time, a
cleaning with manual tools (SSPC - SP 2) or power tools (SSPC - SP 3) shall be performed.
Whenever the delays cannot be avoided, the painted surface shall be carefully cleaned and
dried to PDVSA Representative’s satisfaction before proceeding to apply the coating.
5.1.7 Each paint film shall be dried out for a period within the limits prescribed by the Paint
Manufacturer before applying the following paint.
5.1.8 Following paint on a paint system shall have color differences.
5.1.9 During paint application and dry out there shall be proper venting and gas extraction if the
working area is confined.
5.1.10 All paint shall be applied uniformly and completely on the surface. All drippings shall be
immediately corrected with a brush to ensure that the surfaces have at least the minimum
specified dry film thickness.
5.1.11 Transportation of painted equipment or piping shall be conducted after enough drying.
Damage to the coating shall be avoided as far as possible, taking appropriate measures for it,
such as the use of non metallic sling.
Damage occurring on the paint film during mobilization and installation shall be corrected
following the Paint Manufacturer’s instructions.
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5.1.12 If previously painted metallic element and/or piping shall be cut and welded on site, all burnt
paint shall be removed with abrasive blast cleaning to the specified grade on the paint, or
SSPC-SP11, before applying the following paints.
5.1.13 All surfaces inaccessible after assembly shall be completely painted before assembling.
5.2 Spray Application

The hose and the recipients shall be periodically cleaned during the work day, even if the paint shall
not be changed considering pot life and always before adding new paints. Spray gun shall be kept
20 cm from the surface to be coated and shall always be held at 90° from the surface.
Each spraying shall overlap to the previous one and major surfaces shall always be sprayed on both
directions, perpendicular to each other. Spraying equipment and spraying pressure shall be
adjusted so the desired spraying pattern is found, and the specified dry and wet film thicknesses are
obtained.
Each paint shall be applied in a uniform and complete way on the entire surface. At the end of each
work day, all equipment shall be carefully cleaned.
5.3 Brush Application

Brush application may be used under the following circumstances
- Whenever, for any reason, areas cannot be properly covered with spraying.
- Whenever the paint loss under the prevailing conditions is excessive and the personnel,
plant or equipments may be affected by the spraying particles.
- For “touch up” or damaged paint reparation or incorrectly applied paint.
- When the Paint Manufacturer considers that the specified system requires brush application
- To apply primer to corners, edges, holes and welds among other irregular surfaces before
spray application.
Brushes to be used on paint system application shall have an appropriate design and quality for the
proper paint application.
Brush application shall be done in such way that a smooth film, with the specified thickness and as
uniform as possible is obtained. There shall not be any deep brush marks. Paint shall be introduced
to all clearances and corners. All drippings shall be corrected with the brush.
5.4 Roller Application

Roller application shall be used only on flat and mildly extensive surfaces, as long as primer is
applied with a brush, and its use shall be according to the Paint Manufacturer’s instructions.
Rollers shall be made of “carpet fiber” or “lamb wool” with good quality, and manufactured through
thermal fusion.
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6 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
6.1 Stainless Steel
6.1.1 Stainless steel surfaces uninsulated do not require painting. Stainless steel surfaces when
insulated need to be painted.
6.1.2 Protective painting is also applied when they are shipped as on-deck cargoes upon approval
of PDVSA.
6.1.3 Preparation method for the adequate surface on these cases consists on SSPC - SP 1 and
nonmetallic abrasive (garnet) cleaning to obtain an anchor profile of 2.0 mils and the system
specified below shall be used upon approval of PDVSA.
6.1.4 Whenever a paint system is required on new or already installed surfaces, recommended
surface preparation shall be done, after that with the paint system specified below.
6.1.5 Approved anticorrosive paint systems to be used on stainless steel surface under thermal
insulation are specified below.
- For surfaces with temperatures: -49°F (-45°C) < T < 302°F (150°C); System No. 15
System Description Dry film thickness (mils) Drying time (hours)

Primer Phenolic Epoxy 4 24 to 48
Intermediate Phenolic Epoxy 4 24 to 48
Topcoat Phenolic Epoxy 4 24 to 48
- For surfaces with temperatures: 302°F (150°C) < T < 1000°F (538°C); System No. 16

Primer Aluminum 2 2 to 8
Silicone
Topcoat Aluminum 1 2 to 8
Silicone
Note: Applicable Temperature: -49°F (-45°C) < T < 1000°F (538°C)
for Insulated Stainless Steel Non-Tagged Valves and In-Line Specialty items
- For surfaces with temperatures: 1000°F (538°C) < T < 1112°F (600°C); System No. 17

Primer Polysiloxane 4 4 to 8
(1112°F)
Topcoat Polysiloxane 4 4 to 8
(1112°F)
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Plates and any other stainless steel element shall be stored using impermeable supports or any
other materials that do not allow surface contamination.
6.2 Galvanized Surfaces

Galvanized steel for steel structure shall comply with ASTM A123/A123M. For pipe shall comply
with ASTM A53/A53M. For fittings and flanges shall comply with ASTM A153/A153M. For steel
hardware (studs, bolts and rings among others) shall comply with ASTM A153/A153M.
New galvanized shall not be painted unless it is exposed to environments on which the progressive
zinc loss may cause steel corrosion. For appearance and/or identification purposes, galvanized
surfaces shall be painted.
Certain binders for galvanized sheets such as hooks and butterflies among others may be obtained
on the market with just thinner zinc coating. Such fixers shall be prepared and primed after
installation.
6.3 Repairs to Galvanized Coatings

Galvanized parts damaged during handling and installation shall be coated using zinc rich epoxy
paint which satisfies ASTM A780/A 780M or other equivalent code with a thickness of 50 microns (2
mils). In case of a weld, the following rules shall be applied:
- Manufacturer of the structures shall assemble as many parts as the capacity of the galvanizing
bath allows, galvanizing as many welds as possible.
- Those parts or structures that shall be welded after galvanized shall be put under the following
treatment
a. Galvanized layers shall be removed using power tools to weld normally.
b. Once the weld is finished, these areas shall be carefully cleaned and the joints shall be
protected, as stated earlier.
NOTE: Installation of galvanized steel elements near stainless steel elements or anywhere where
contamination at high temperatures may occur shall be avoided. This rule also applies to pieces
with zinc rich coatings.
7 DAMAGE OR DEFECT PREPARATION

Any damage or defect that may occur shall be repaired before applying the following paints. If
necessary, paint film shall be removed from the surface.
Areas to be covered shall be dry, clean, and free of grease, oil and other foreign matters. Surface
shall be prepared using abrasive blast cleaning, SSPC-SP2 “Hand Tool Cleaning” or SSPC-SP3
“Power tool cleaning”. Following that, additional paint shall be applied until the paint meets the
specification. These additional paints shall overlap with the topcoat and adjacent areas, except
when it is a new application of inorganic zinc paint, since it can’t be repainted on itself.
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8 PAINT APPLICATION SAFETY
8.1 Scope
To establish all the necessary precautions to protect the personnel and third party properties from
accidents due to falls, vapors, fire, explosion or other type of dangers. Recommendations done
here are not absolute and do not replace other measurements that cover other infrequent
conditions. This guide defines the more convenient and practical methods to preserve safety during
the application of industrial paint systems on steel structures. No complete coverage to all aspects
is shown here.
The objective of this guide is to detail basic actions and considerations to be taken into account
while working in or having access to installations, using professional tools to apply materials that
represent an accident risk.
All involved personnel on the industrial paint application shall be aware of the diverse risks related to
the access facilities, specialized tools and toxic or flammable materials.
8.2 Industrial Painting Material Handling
8.2.1 Paints shall be stored on safe and well vented areas, where they are not exposed to sparks,
flames or direct sunlight. The recipients must ensure that all paint materials shall be kept
tightly closed until they are ready to be used. Warning labels shall be put on toxic material.
8.2.2 Recommended safety rules on the mix operation are as follows:
- Use eye protectors (goggles)
- Use protective gloves.
- Breathing mask with adaptation filter for organic vapors.
- Antirust mask
- Keep head and face away from the mixing recipient.
- Apply protective facial cream.
- Avoid spillage, splashing and vapor inhaling.
- Mix all materials on well vented areas away from sparks and flames.
- Use low speed mechanical mixers.
- Clean splashes immediately.
- Avoid excessive temperatures.
8.2.3 Protective gear and equipment required to apply paint are defined by the type of coating to be
used and the environmental conditions. All Manufacturers products shall be provided with
defined information about explosion and toxicity dangers of the material. Registers of
previous application of similar materials shall be examined.
8.2.4 The use of paints with a toxic element base is prohibited, such as lead, chrome and mercury
based paints among others, since these are dangerous whether they are breathed or
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swallowed.
Some of this paint aggregate, such as mercury compounds, used to give fungicide
characteristics to the paint may be toxic if they are swallowed and/or absorbed through the
skin. Mist and spray of lead based paints are dangerous if inhaled. These small lead particles
may cause poisoning if exposure is not avoided.
8.2.5 Epoxy resins used on coatings are particularly irritating to skin and some persons are
seriously affected with allergic reactions if the appropriate treatment is not applied. Most
common reactions include swelling around the eyes and lips, skin rash, etc. Some epoxy
coatings contain polyamides as curing agents that react the same way as a soft acid on
sensitive mucous membranes.
8.3 Personnel Protection

PDVSA Representative and Paint Contractor Supervisor, with assessment from the Security or
Industrial Hygiene engineer, shall be alerted to assure the compliance of the following rule:
8.3.1 Verify tanks and other interior closed spaces (confined spaces) for explosion dangers, toxic
material and appropriate oxygen content to breathe. Before entering the tank, ropes and
safety harness shall be provided, there shall be an extra man outside the tank and shall be
verified with the operations personnel that all process line have been blocked.
8.3.2 Proper illumination shall be provided inside the tanks and all other dark areas, assuring that
the illumination does not produce any shadows or glare. All wiring shall be installed in such a
way that there’s no electric shock risk. In many cases, electrical head lamps shall be used on
mines and other places, as long as they are explosion proof.
8.3.3 Whenever air masks or hose masks are used, put the incoming air source or the blower on a
contaminant free area. Check the air exit to assure proper pressure and CO content. Protect
the hoses from any damage and do not allow them to becoming a trapping hazard.
8.3.4 Close with ropes or barricades the working areas as required to protect the bystanders.
8.3.5 Provide an adequate number of portable fire extinguishers.
8.3.6 Put warning signs that include “PINTURA HUMEDA” (WET PAINT), “NO FUMAR” (DON’T
SMOKE) and “HOMBRES TRABAJANDO” (MEN AT WORK).
8.3.7 Personal protective equipment such as special protective cloths, safety goggles, hard hat and
gloves shall be provided by Vendor /Paint Contractor for safety purpose.
(1) Eye protection
Safety goggles and other appropriate eye protection equipment shall be used as long as there is
the danger of exposure of the eyes to spread out particles, acid, caustic substances, harmful
rays or any other type of dangerous condition as considered by the Operation Supervisor.
Goggles used for harmful rays shall also comply with the impact protection requirements.
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(2) Head protection

Hardhats shall be used throughout all working day by everyone on the worksite with no
exception.
(3) Feet protection
When the use of rubber boots is required, they shall have a steel tip to prevent perforations and
scratches with stones. All employees are forced to wear approved “Safety shoes”.
9 INSPECTION METHOD AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
9.1 Tests
Vendor/Paint Contractor shall ensure to perform the inspection. The inspection items, methods,
extent and frequency shall comply with APPENDIX-1.
9.1.1 Abrasive Blast Cleaning Grade

Surface preparation shall be verified using visual patterns as per NACE or SSPC - VIS 1 standard.
9.1.2 Roughness on Surfaces Cleaned with Abrasive Blast

Regular roughness measurement (three spots for each 10 m2) of the surface shall be done on
uniform zones with no pitting using one of the following methods:
- Roughness on a surface prepared with abrasive blast cleaning shall be measured with a flat
end micrometer, callipered or an anchoring profile measuring device as per ASTM D4417
method B.
- Roughness on a surface prepared with abrasive blast cleaning shall be visually compared
with a reference surface, as per ASTM D4417 method A.
- Roughness on a surface prepared with abrasive blast shall be measured with a replica tape
through a spring type micrometer, as per ASTM D4417 method C.
9.1.3 Wet and Dry Film Thickness

To achieve the system’s specified dry film thickness, frequent measures shall be taken on the wet
film thickness during the paint application. This procedure shall be done by the painter during the
application of each paint according to the thickness recommended by the Paint Manufacturer and as
established on ASTM D4414. PDVSA Representative shall look up for the compliance on this
activity.
Measuring of the dry film thickness shall be done on all the paint system according to SSPC-PA2.
This procedure shall be done by the Vendor/Paint Contractor inspector.
All dry film thickness ranges as specified shall be strictly complied with. The film thickness shall be
verified with magnetic gages using the magnetic resistance principle (ferrous surfaces) or the eddy
current inspection method (non ferrous surfaces). The gage shall be calibrated at least twice a day
according to the Paint Manufacturer’s recommendation.
If the dry film thickness is less than the specified value, one or more additional paints shall be
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applied according to Paint Manufacturer’s instructions. In case of inorganic zinc rich paint where it
does not allow to be repainted by itself, manufacturer’s technical specification or characteristics
shall be verified before doing the activity.
9.1.4 Adhesion / Cohesion

Primer adhesion to the steel surface and cohesion between paint films after the curing shall be
determined by a series of incisions on the film surface according to ASTM D3359 Method B
“Cross-Cut Tape Test. This method to determine the adhesion grade is used on films with thickness
below 125 microns (5 mils). When the dry film thickness exceeds 125 microns (5 mils), the adhesion
test shall be determined according to ASTM D3359 “X-Cut Tape Test”.
For the thickness above 375 microns (15 mils), adhesion test shall be determined according to
ASTM D4541 “Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Tester”. This test is quite
important when large film thicknesses are applied. Failures may indicate a deficient cohesion force
due to, for example, solvent retention.
9.1.5 Pinhole and Discontinuity Detection (Holes or Pores)

For paint systems applied inside vessels with dry film paint thickness up to 500 microns (20 mils),
low voltage (below 90 volts) wet sponge fail measuring devices shall be used, using a wetting agent
(0.5 ounces/water gallon) on the water to lower its surface tension and make more sensible the
measuring device.
For internal painting systems inside vessels with dry film thickness above 500 microns (20 mils),
high voltage dry holiday detector (ranged 900 to 45000 volts) shall be used. Voltages shall be
established at 125 Volt/mils of dry film, moving the detector at a linear speed of 12 m/min (39.3
ft./min) not to burn the film.
Film continuity, for instance for tank coating, shall be verified using a high voltage spark. The hole
detector shall be adjusted in a range as wide as possible, with a minimum of 5 volts per micron of
average film thickness.
The testing detector shall be a low pulsation and direct current device, as per ASTM G62.
NOTE:
1. Required voltage is usually based on a spark length capable of going through an air
space (at the proper relative humidity conditions) twice the film thickness.
2. To prevent the coating from “burning”, testing equipment shall be carefully and frequently
callipered.
3. Suggested method to caliper a high voltage spark testes includes:
a. Make a little hole on the coating. Coating thickness on this hole shall be at least the
specified average.
b. Using the same procedure and at identical conditions (humidity and displacement
speed of the tests among others), voltage on the discontinuity testing device shall
be raised until the alarm of hole done through is heard. Minimum voltage to detect
such a hole shall be twice the value for the real inspection.
If there are any holes exist in major area, PDVSA Representative shall be consulted.
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9.1.6 Curing
Curing grade shall be determined through a pencil film hardness test; the procedure to follow is
described on ASTM D3363.
9.2 Inspection
9.2.1 Vendor/Paint Contractor shall notify PDVSA Representative before beginning the work.
The term “Inspector” used on this Specification refers to PDVSA Representative, and shall be a
professional with specific knowledge on paints and coating, preferably certified by a recognized
organization such as NACE, SSPC or any other specialized organization, and shall have the right to
inspect the paint work in all its stages and reject one or all tools, materials, scaffolding, equipment or
work that doesn’t comply with the specification.
9.2.2 Acceptance criteria shall comply with APPENDIX-1, or these inspection items shall refer to
NACE, SSPC and ISO among others if nothing else is available.
9.2.3 Paint film shall be uniform, with no cracks, holes, drippings, wrinkles or any other defect that
may be prejudicial to the coating system’s performance.
9.2.4 Specification compliance shall be verified by PDVSA Representative during the application of
the paint system, and there shall be registers of all the information on the most notorious
variables on the done work quality throughout all the work, in one or more formats designed to
that end. Additionally, on the following page there is a format with the minimum information to
be specified.
9.2.5 Before final acceptance of the paint job, there shall be an integral inspection and the
Vendor/Paint Contractor shall deliver to PDVSA Representative the daily registers done
throughout all the time the job was done. The Vendor/Paint Contractor and PDVSA
Representative Inspector shall sign a conformity or rejection report for the job. If the job is
rejected a report shall be issued with all the deviations and necessary recommendations for
conformity.
9.2.6 The following working step shall not be taken (for instance, surface preparation, priming,
intermediate and topcoat application) until the previous job has not been inspected and
approved by PDVSA Representative Inspector, or the Vendor/Paint Contractor shall
guarantee in writing that the specified sequence for the applied paint systems was
accomplished.
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APPENDIX-1: PAINTING INSPECTION
ITEM METHOD EXTENT FREQUENCY ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
Atmospheric Conditions
Weather Visual Random sampling Min. 3 times/Day *1 No rain, wind, fog or mist
Measurement by
Wet Bulb Temperature Thermometer Random sampling Min. 3 times/Day *1 See Section 5.1.4 / Part I -
Requirements
Dry Bulb Temperature
Dew Point
Metal Temperature Measurement by Random sampling of all Min. 3 times/Day *1 See Section 5.1.4 and 5.1.5 /
Surface surfaces Part I - Requirements
Thermometer
Relative Humidity Measurement by Random sampling Min. 3 times/Day *1 Paint Manufacturer’s

Hygrometer recommendation
Surface Preparation
Dryness. Contamination of Visual and/or White Random sampling Min. twice/Day *1 No impurities
Compressed Air Cloth Test
Pressure of Compressed Air Measurement by Random sampling Min. twice/Day *1 Paint Manufacturer’s
Pressure Gauge recommendation
Dryness, Contamination of Abrasive Visual and/or Water Random sampling Min. once/Day *1 No impurities
Drop Test
Surface Condition Visual All surfaces Min. once before surface No impurities
preparation.
Surface Preparation Visual: comparison All surfaces Min. once / during & after As per Part-II Painting Systems
with NACE or surface preparation work
SSPC-VIS1
Standard
Roughness on Surfaces Cleaned with Measurement by Three spots per each 10 m2 Min. once / during & after As per Part-II Painting Systems
Abrasive Blast Cleaning ASTM D4417 surface preparation work
method A or B or C
Painting Material
Confirmation Manufacture Name, Check Labeled All paints Min. once / before & after See Section 1.4.1 / Part I -
General Name, Product Name, Color, Instruction paint work Requirements
Product Serial No.
Shelf Life Check Labeled All paints Min. once / before & after Within the term of validity
Instruction paint work
Paint Condition Visual: Agitating by All paints Min. once / before & after No gelling, skinning, high
Stirrer paint work viscosity, sedimentation, etc. to
a large degree
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PREPARATION
ITEM METHOD EXTENT FREQUENCY ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
Mixing Ratio Check Paint All paints Min. once / before & after Paint Manufacturer’s
Manufacturer’s paint work recommendation
Recommendation
Appearance of Film
Color Difference Visual: Random sampling: Min. Min. once after paint Same color
Comparison with 30% of all surface work
Color Sample, Color
Specimen
Defects, etc. Visual All surfaces Min. once after paint No mottling, sagging, blistering,
(Mottling, Sagging, Blistering, work cracking, flaking, peeling,
Cracking, Flaking, Peeling, Deposits, deposits, impurities
Impurities, etc.)
Film Thickness
Wet Film Thickness See Section 9.1.3 / Random sampling of all Min. once during paint Paint Manufacturer’s
Part I - Requirements work surfaces work recommendation
Dry Film Thickness See Section 9.1.3 / Extent and Frequency shall be measures according to As per Part-II Painting Systems
Part I - Requirements SSPC-PA2 “Measurement of Dry Coating Thickness
with Magnetic Gages”.
Pinhole and Discontinuity Detection See Section 9.1.5 / All internal paint systems All painting surface No Pinhole and Pores
(Holes or Pores) Part I - Requirements
Adhesion/Cohesion See Section 9.1.4 / All paint systems Min. Three (3) times Paint Manufacturer’s
Part I - Requirements (Initial, mid and last term recommendation
of painting work)
Curing Test (Film Hardness) See Section 9.1.6 / Random sampling of all Initial painting Paint Manufacturer’s
Part I - Requirements painting film. recommendation
*1 : Shall be measured at least once before surface preparation & paint application work.
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PREPARATION
FORMAT OF INSPECTION OF PAINT SYSTEMS
1. Inspection date
2. Work location
3. Installation, Equipment or Inspected line
4. Name of activity to execute
5. PDVSA Representative Inspector name
6. Name of Vendor/Paint Contractor
7. Project name
Surface Preparation
8. Surface preparation grade specified for the paint system to apply
9. Abrasive description Type

for the surface
Practical size
preparation (Type,
Abrasive size and pH) pH
10. Surface condition Humidity Yes No
Soluble salts Yes No
Oil and Clay Yes No
11. Specified anchoring profile
12. Anchoring profile Minimum

values
Maximum
Average
Atmospheric Conditions
13. Wet bulb temp. 14. Dry bulb temp. 15. Relative humidity 16. Dew point 17. Metal temp. 18. Time of day, Job detail
o o o o
F F % F F
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PREPARATION
Paint system
19. Generic description (Base) 20. Material 21. Lot Number 22. Expire date 23. Mixing 24. Storage 25. Application
name Ratio condition method
Primer:
Intermediate:
Topcoat:
26. Generic description 27. Material 28. Lot Number 29. Expire date 30. Storage
name condition
(Hardener)
Primer:
Intermediate:
Topcoat:
Test Item
Primer Intermediate Topcoat
31. Dried time
32. Wet film thickness (mils)
33. Dry film thickness (mils)
Pass Failure
34. Color different Acceptable Reject
35. Adhesion Acceptable Reject
36. Film hardness Acceptable Reject
37. Result Pass Failure
Holiday Test (*) Acceptable Reject
(*) For Paint systems applied inside vessels
38. Observations
39. Vendor/Paint Contractor’s Inspector 40. PDVSA Representative Inspector
Name Signature Name Signature
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PREPARATION
INSTRUCTION TO FILL THE PAINT INSPECTION FORMAT
Instruction Items
1. Inspection date (DD - MM - YYYY)
2. Work location
3. Installation, equipment or inspected lines.
4. Name of the activity to execute.
5. PDVSA Representative Inspector name
6. Name of the Vendor/Paint Contractor.
7. Project name
8. Surface preparation grade specified for the paint system to apply.
9. Abrasive description for the surface preparation (Type, Abrasive size, and pH).
10. Mark with an X the presence or not of contaminants such as humidity, soluble salts, oil or other
contamination.
11. Specified anchoring profile.
12. Anchoring profile height obtained (minimum, maximum and average) after the surface preparation.
13. Wet bulb temperature measured on °F.
14. Dry bulb temperature measured on °F.
15. Measured relative humidity.
16. Dew point obtained through values 14 and 15.
17. Metal temperature values on °F.
18. Time of the day on which the job is done, marking whether it is AM or PM.
19. Generic base material description (primer, intermediate coat and topcoat).
20. Paint material name (Base) to be applied (primer, intermediate coat and topcoat)
21. Lot number
22. Expire date of the material.
23. Mix ratio (Base: Hardener)
24.Paint storage conditions
25. Application methods (Spray, brush and roller among others)
26. Generic hardener description primer, intermediate coat and topcoat)
27. Paint material name to be applied (primer, intermediate and topcoat)
28. Lot number
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PREPARATION
29. Expire date of the paint material.

30. Paint storage conditions to preserve the paint material.
31. Dried time, measured in hours.
32. Wet film thickness, measured on mils.
33. Dry film thickness measured on mils. Mark with an X if the thickness complies or not with the specified
values.
34. Mark with an X if the color is acceptable or reject.
35. Mark with an X if the measured adherence is acceptable or reject.
36. Mark with an X if the measured film hardness is acceptable or reject.
37. Mark with an X if the paint system is approved or failure.
38. Indicate any observation about the inspection done.
39. Name and signature of the Vendor / Paint Contractor’s Inspector.
40. Name and signature of PDVSA Representative Inspector.
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PHASE: DETAILED ENGINEERING
DISCIPLINE: MECHANICAL REV. 2 DATE: 16-6-15
TITLE: GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PAINTING AND SURFACE PREPARATION PAGE 38 OF 63
PART II - PAINT SYSTEMS

Note: Vendor/Paint Contractor shall follow Paint Manufacturer’s instructions such as Maximum allowable DFT per one/total coat, Surface preparation grade/anchor profile, etc.
Surface Syst. Ope. At Vendor Shop At Field Shop / Pre-fabrication Shop At Field Total
No. Temp. Surf. Anchor System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Ave.
(°F) Prep.n Profile Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT DFT
(SSPC) (mils) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils)
1. STEEL STRUCTURE
1.1 Steel Structure (Columns, Beams, General Supports, Stairways, Ladder Cages, Platforms, Fire Stairways, Safety Loops, Escape Routes, etc.)
Un - 19 --- --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- ---
fireproofed Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1)
Topcoat Topcoat
Fireproofed 19 --- --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- ---
(Concrete) Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1)
Topcoat Topcoat
Fireproofed 19 --- --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- ---
(Cementitious) Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1&7)
Galvanized Topcoat Topcoat
Steel Color 11 --- --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 T/U Primer Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 4
Coding / Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1)
Identification Topcoat Topcoat or SP 1 /
Primer Surface Tolerant 2
(Note-10) SP 2
Epoxy
Intermediate --- ---
Topcoat Polyurethane 2
Enamel
Un - 9 --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
fireproofed Silicate Intermediate (Note-1)
Intermediate High Build Epoxy 4 Topcoat or SP 2 / High Build Epoxy ---
Polyamide SP 3 Polyamide
Carbon (Note-2) ---
Topcoat Polyurethane 2 Polyurethane
Steel and
Enamel Enamel
Low Alloy
Steel Fireproofed 1 --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 2.5
Silicate Intermediate (Note-1)
Topcoat or SP 2 /
SP 3
(Note-2)
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No. Temp. Surf. Anchor System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Description Ave. Ave.
(°F) Prep.n Profile Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n DFT DFT
1. STEEL STRUCTURE
1.2 Embedded Steel Structure
Galvanized 19 --- --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- ---
Steel Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1)
Topcoat Topcoat
Carbon Steel 1 --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 2.5
and Low Alloy Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or
Steel Intermediate --- --- Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3
(Note-2)
Topcoat --- ---
2. EQUIPMENT (Note-14)
2.1 Columns, Vessels, Heat Exchangers, Boilers, Chimneys, Reactors, Drums (Note-5 and 12)
9 T<199 SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or
[T(°C)<93] Intermediate High Build Epoxy 4 Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 High Build Epoxy ---
Polyamide (Note-2) Polyamide
Topcoat Polyurethane 2 Polyurethane Enamel ---
Enamel
4A 199<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 5.5
347 Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
Uninsulated Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5 Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 Silicone Acrylic ---
Carbon Steel [93<T(°C) (Note-2) Silicone Acrylic ---
<175] Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5
and Low Alloy
Steel 5 347<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 4.5
(Note-4) (Note- 1000 Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
15)
Intermediate Aluminum Silicone 1 Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 Aluminum Silicone ---
[175<T(°C) (Note-2) Aluminum Silicone ---
<538] Topcoat Aluminum Silicone 1
8 1000<T SP 5 2 – 2.5 Primer Polysiloxane 4 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
<1112 Intermediate (Note-1) or --- ---
Intermediate --- --- Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 Polysiloxane ---
[538<T(°C) (Note-2)
<600] Topcoat Polysiloxane 4
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1 T < 32 SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 2.5
Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or
[T(°C)<0] Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3
(Note-2)
Topcoat --- ---
10 32<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
199 Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or
Intermediate High Build Epoxy 4 Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 High Build Epoxy ---
[0<T(°C)<
93] Polyamide (Note-2) Polyamide
Enamel
4B 199<T SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc --- 5.5
Insulated <347 Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or Silicate/Silicone Zinc
Carbon Steel Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 Primer
and Low Alloy [93<T(°C) Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5 (Note-2) Silicone Acrylic ---
Steel <175] Silicone Acrylic ---
Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5
5 347<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc --- 4.5
(Note 1000 Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or Silicate/Silicone Zinc
-15) Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 Primer
[175<T(°C) Intermediate Aluminum Silicone 1 (Note-2) Aluminum Silicone ---
<538] Aluminum Silicone ---
Topcoat Aluminum Silicone 1
<1112 Intermediate (Note-1) or --- ---
Intermediate --- --- Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 Polysiloxane ---
[538<T(°C) (Note-2)
Topcoat Polysiloxane 4
<600]
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Uninsulated
Stainless
Steel No Painting Required
(Note-4 and
18)
15 -49<T< Garnet 2 Primer Phenolic Epoxy 4 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Phenolic Epoxy --- 12
(Section 302 Blast Intermediate (Note-1) or (Note-3) Phenolic Epoxy ---
6.1) Intermediate Phenolic Epoxy 4 Topcoat SP 2 / SP Phenolic Epoxy ---
(Note-6) [-45<T(°C) 3 (Note-2)
<150] Topcoat Phenolic Epoxy 4
Insulated 16 302<T< Garnet 2 Primer Aluminum Silicone 2 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Aluminum Silicone --- 3
Stainless (Section 1000 Blast Intermediate (Note-1) or (Note-3) --- ---
6.1) Intermediate --- --- Topcoat SP 2 / SP Aluminum Silicone ---
Steel
(Note-18) (Note-6 [150<T(°C) 3 (Note-2)
and 15)
17 1000<T Garnet 2 Primer Polysiloxane 4 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
(Section <1112 Blast Intermediate (Note-1) (Note-3) --- ---
6.1) Topcoat Polysiloxane ---
(Note-6) [538<T(°C) Topcoat Polysiloxane 4
<600]
Galvanized 19 --- --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- ---
Topcoat Topcoat
Galvanized 11 --- --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 4
Steel (Color Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1) or
Coding / Topcoat Topcoat SP 1 / SP Primer Surface Tolerant 2
Identification) 2 Epoxy
(Note-10) Intermediate --- ---
Enamel
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2.2 Vessel Skirt, Saddle and Attachment
Fireproofed 1 T<752 SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 2.5
Carbon Steel Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or (Temp.< 199°F)
and Low [T(°C) 400] Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3
Alloy Steel (Note-2) Inorganic Zinc
Silicate/Silicone
Zinc Primer
(199°F <Temp.)
Uninsulated
Carbon Steel
and Low Refer to section 2.1 (Uninsulated Carbon Steel and Low Alloy Steel)
Alloy Steel
(Note-4)
Insulated
Carbon Steel
and Low Refer to section 2.1 (Insulated Carbon Steel and Low Alloy Steel)
Alloy Steel
Uninsulated
Stainless
No Painting Required
Steel (Note-4
and 18)
Insulated
Stainless
Steel Refer to section 2.1 (Insulated Stainless Steel)
(Note-18)
2.3 Hydroconversion Reactor / HPHT Separator (D-7623 / D-7624 / D-7625 / D-7643 / D-7644 / D-7645)
Uninsulated 5T 860 SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc --- 3.5 – 4
Carbon Steel Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or Silicate
and Low [460(°C)] Intermediate --- --- Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
Alloy Steel (Note-2)
Topcoat Temperature 1– Temperature
---
Indicating Paint 1.5 Indicating Paint
(Note 11) (Note 11)
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No. Temp. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. Anchor System Material Description Ave. Ave.
(°F) Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Profile DFT DFT
(SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils) (mils)
3. STORAGE TANK (Note-14)

3.1 Tank External Surface (Note-5 and 13)
Uninsulated 9 T<199 --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc Silicate 2.5 8.5
Carbon Steel Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate High Build Epoxy Polyamide 4
and Low [T(°C)<93] Topcoat Topcoat
Alloy Steel Topcoat Polyurethane Enamel 2
(Note-4) 4A 199<T< --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc Silicate 2.5 5.5
347 Intermediate Intermediate
Topcoat Topcoat Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5
[93<T(°C) Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5
<175]
5 347<T< --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc Silicate 2.5 4.5
(Note-15) 1000 Intermediate Intermediate
Topcoat Topcoat Intermediate Aluminum Silicone 1
[175<T(°C)
Insulated 10 T<199 --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc Silicate 2.5 8.5
Carbon Steel Intermediate Intermediate
[T(°C)<93]
Intermediate High Build Epoxy Polyamide 4
and Low Topcoat Topcoat
Alloy Steel Topcoat Polyurethane Enamel 2
4B 199<T< --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc Silicate 2.5 5.5
347 Intermediate Intermediate
Topcoat Topcoat Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5
[93<T(°C)
<175] Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5
5 347<T< --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc Silicate 2.5 4.5
(Note-15) 1000 Intermediate Intermediate
Topcoat Topcoat Intermediate Aluminum Silicone 1
[175<T(°C)
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No. Temp. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. Anchor System Material Description Ave. Ave.
(°F) Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Profile DFT DFT
(SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils) (mils)
3. STORAGE TANK (Note-14)

3.2 Tank Internal Surface
a. Formation Water, Sea Water, Lake Water, or Water with Petroleum
12 T<140 --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 2 – 2.5 Primer 100% Solid Epoxy 8 16
Intermediate Intermediate
[T(°C)<60]
Topcoat Topcoat
Carbon Steel Topcoat 100% Solid Epoxy 8
and Low
Alloy Steel 14 140<T< --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer High Build Phenolic Epoxy 6 12
302 Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate --- ---
Topcoat Topcoat
[60<T(°C)< Topcoat High Build Phenolic Epoxy 6
150]
b. Potable Water (Note-9)
Carbon Steel 13 --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer High Build Epoxy Amine Adduct 4 8
and Low Intermediate Intermediate
Alloy Steel Topcoat Topcoat Intermediate --- ---
Topcoat High Build Epoxy Amine Adduct 4
c. Petroleum Derivate Fuels Storage, Jet A-1 Storage
Carbon Steel 14 140<T< --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 – 2 Primer High Build Phenolic Epoxy 6 12
and Low 302 Intermediate Intermediate
Alloy Steel Topcoat Topcoat
[60<T(°C)< Topcoat High Build Phenolic Epoxy 6
150]
d. 50% Caustic Tank (D-8834)
Carbon Steel --- Internal Painting: Not Apply, Tank Welding Seam to be treated PWHT or Tank Shell outside Insulated.
e. Filtered Water Tank (M-9511-D08)
Carbon Steel --- Filtered Water Tank is moved in scope of HDEC.
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No. Temp. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. Anchor System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Description Ave. Ave.
(°F) Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Profile Description DFT Prep.n DFT DFT
(SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils)
4. PIPING (Note-14 and 16)

4.1 Pipes, Flanges and Fittings (Elbows, Tees, Reducers, Caps, etc.)
9 T<199 --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
Intermediate Silicate (Note-1) or
[T(°C)<93] Topcoat Intermediate High Build Epoxy 4 SP 2 / SP 3 High Build Epoxy ---
Polyamide (Note-2) Polyamide
Enamel
4A 199<T< --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 5.5
347 Intermediate Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3 and/or
[93<T(°C) Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5 (Note-2) Silicone Acrylic ---
<175]
Uninsulated
Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5 Silicone Acrylic
Carbon Steel
and Low Alloy
Steel (Note-4) 5 347<T< --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 4.5
(Note 1000 Intermediate Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
-15) SP 2 / SP 3
[175 <T(°C)
Topcoat Intermediate Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
Silicone (Note-2)
<538]
Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
Silicone
8 1000<T --- Primer --- --- SP 5 2 – 2.5 Primer Polysiloxane 4 SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
< 1112 Intermediate (Note-1) or
Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
[538 <T(°C)
Topcoat
(Note-2)
<600] Topcoat Polysiloxane 4 Polysiloxane ---
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1 -58<T< --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 2.5
32 Intermediate Silicate (Note-1) or
Topcoat Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3
[-50<T(°C) (Note-2)
<0]
Topcoat --- ---
10 32<T< --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
199 Intermediate Silicate (Note-1) or
Topcoat Intermediate High Build Epoxy 4 SP 2 / SP 3 High Build Epoxy ---
[0<T(°C) Polyamide (Note-2) Polyamide
<93]
Enamel
4B 199<T< --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 5.5
Insulated 347 Intermediate Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
Carbon Steel Topcoat Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5 SP 2 / SP 3 Silicone Acrylic ---
and Low Alloy [93<T(°C) (Note-2)
<175]
Steel Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5 Silicone Acrylic ---
5 347<T< --- Primer --- --- SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 4.5
(Note 1000 Intermediate Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
-15) Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3
Intermediate Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
[175 <T(°C) Silicone (Note-2)
<538]
Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
Silicone
8 1000<T --- Primer --- --- SP 5 2 – 2.5 Primer Polysiloxane 4 SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
< 1112 Intermediate (Note-1) or
Topcoat Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
[538 <T(°C) (Note-2)
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Uninsulated
Stainless
Steel No Painting Required
(Note-4, 18
and 19)
15 -49<T< --- Primer --- --- Garnet 2 Primer Phenolic Epoxy 4 SP 11 Touch-up Phenolic Epoxy --- 12
(Section 302 Intermediate Blast (Note-1) or (Note-3)
6.1) Topcoat Intermediate Phenolic Epoxy 4 SP 2 / SP 3 Phenolic Epoxy ---
(Note-6) [-45<T(°C)< (Note-2)
150] Phenolic Epoxy
Topcoat 4 Phenolic Epoxy ---
16 302<T< --- Primer --- --- Garnet 2 Primer Aluminum 2 SP 11 Touch-up Aluminum Silicone --- 3
Insulated (Section 1000 Intermediate Blast Silicone (Note-1) or (Note-3)
Stainless 6.1) Topcoat Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
(Note-6 [150<T(°C) (Note-2)
Steel <538]
(Note-18) and 15) Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
Silicone
17 1000<T --- Primer --- --- Garnet 2 Primer Polysiloxane 4 SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
(Section <1112 Intermediate Blast (Note-1) or (Note-3)
6.1) Topcoat Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
(Note-6) [538<T(°C) (Note-2)
<600]
Topcoat Polysiloxane 4 Polysiloxane ---
Galvanized 19 --- --- Primer --- --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- ---
Topcoat Topcoat
Galvanized 11 --- --- Primer --- --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 4
Coding / Topcoat Topcoat SP 1 / SP 2 Primer Surface Tolerant Epoxy 2
Identification) Intermediate --- ---
Topcoat Polyurethane Enamel 2
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4.2 Pipe Support
Uninsulated
Carbon Steel
and Low Alloy Refer to section 4.1 (Uninsulated Carbon Steel and Low Alloy Steel)
Steel (Note-4)
Insulated
Carbon Steel
Refer to section 4.1 (Insulated Carbon Steel and Low Alloy Steel)
and Low Alloy
Steel
Topcoat Topcoat
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(SSP (mils) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils)
C)
4.3 Non-Tagged Valves and In-Line Specialty Items
9 T<199 SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
Silicate (Note-1) or
[T(°C)<93] Intermediate High Build Epoxy SP 2 / SP 3 High Build Epoxy Polyamide ---
Intermediate --- --- Polyamide 4
(Note-2)
Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Polyurethane 2 Polyurethane Enamel ---
Enamel
4A 199<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 5.5
347 Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
SP 2 / SP 3
[93<T(°C) Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5 (Note-2) Silicone Acrylic ---
<175] Intermediate --- ---
Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5 Silicone Acrylic ---
Uninsulated
Carbon Steel
and Low Alloy 5 347<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 4.5
(Note- 1000 Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
Steel (Note-4) 15)
SP 2 / SP 3
[175 <T(°C)
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate Aluminum 1 (Note-2) Aluminum Silicone ---
<538]
Silicone
Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---

Silicone
< 1112 (Note-1) or
SP 2 / SP 3
[538 <T(°C)
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate --- --- (Note-2) --- ---
<600]
Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Polysiloxane 4 Polysiloxane ---
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4.3 Non Tagged Valves and In-Line Specialty Items
1 -58<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 2.5
32 Zinc Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or
Intermediate --- --- Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3
[-50<T(°C) (Note-2)
<0]
Topcoat --- ---
10 32<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
199 Zinc Silicate (Note-1) or
SP 2 / SP 3
[0<T(°C) Intermediate High Build Epoxy 4 (Note-2) High Build Epoxy Polyamide ---
<93] Intermediate --- --- Polyamide

Enamel
4B 199<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 5.5
Insulated 347 Zinc Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
Carbon Steel SP 2 / SP 3
and Low Alloy [93<T(°C) Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5 (Note-2) Silicone Acrylic ---
<175] Intermediate --- ---
Steel
Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5 Silicone Acrylic ---
5 347<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 4.5
(Note-1 1000 Zinc Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
5) SP 2 / SP 3
[175 <T(°C)
<538]
Silicone
Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
Silicone
< 1112 (Note-1) or
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
[538 <T(°C) (Note-2)
<600]
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4.3 Non-Tagged Valves and In-Line Specialty Items
Uninsulated
Stainless
Steel No Painting Required (Note-17)
(Note-4, 18
and 19)
16 -49<T< Garnet Primer Aluminum 2 --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Aluminum Silicone --- 3
(Section 1000 Blast Silicone (Note-1) or (Note-3)
6.1) (Note-8) Intermediate Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
--- ---
(Note-6 [-45<T(°C) (Note-2)
<538]
Insulated and 15) Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
Stainless Silicone
Steel
17 1000<T Garnet Primer Polysiloxane 4 --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
(Note 17 and
(Section <1112 Blast (Note-1) or (Note-3)
18) (Note-8)
6.1) Intermediate Intermediate --- --- SP 2 / SP 3 --- ---
(Note-6) [538<T(°C) --- --- (Note-2)
<600]
Topcoat Topcoat
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4.4. Off-Line Piping Specialty Items
Carbon Steel
Vendor Standard Painting System (VS). Paint System shall be suitable for the expected operating temperature and shall have sufficient service life.
and Low Alloy VS
Touch-up work with suitable paint system shall be recommended by paint manufacturer who supply the paint materials.
Steel
Stainless Steel
(Note-18 and No Painting Required
19)
Galvanized
Steel
5. MACHINERY AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
5.1 MACHINERY: Off the Shelf Item (Line manufactured)
Carbon Steel
and Low Alloy VS
Steel
Stainless Steel
(Note-18)
Galvanized
Steel
5.2 MACHINERY: Manufactured Item
Carbon Steel
and Low Alloy --- Manufactured items which can be categorized in the listed items in specification PART II. PAINT SYSTEM shall use the painting system as defined in the specification.
Steel
Stainless Steel
(Note-18)
Galvanized
Steel
5.3 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Carbon Steel
and Low Alloy VS
Steel
Stainless Steel
(Note-18)
Galvanized
Steel
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6. INSTRUMENTS (Note-14)
6.1 In-line Instruments, Venturi, Bodies and Bonnets of Control & On-Off Valves
9 SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, --- 8.5
T<199 High Build Epoxy SP 2 / SP 3 High Build Epoxy Polyamide
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate 4 ---
Polyamide (Note-2)
[T(°C)<93]
Enamel
4A SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 5.5
199<T< Silicone Zinc Primer
347 Silicone Acrylic Silicone Acrylic
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate 1.5 SP 2 / SP 3 ---
Uninsulated (Note-2)
[93<T(°C)
Carbon Steel Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5 Silicone Acrylic ---
<175]
and Low Alloy
Steel (Note-4) SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 Inorganic Zinc Silicate /
347<T< Primer --- --- Touch-up ---
5 Silicate SP 11 Silicone Zinc Primer
(Note- 1000 Intermediate --- --- Intermediate Aluminum 1 (Note-1) or ---
--- Aluminum Silicone 4.5
15) Silicone SP 2 / SP 3
[175<T(°C)
Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Aluminum 1 (Note-2) Aluminum Silicone ---
<538]
Silicone
1000<T< SP 5 2 – 2.5 Primer Polysiloxane 4 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
8 1112 Intermediate --- --- Intermediate --- --- (Note-1) or --- ---
SP 2 / SP 3
[538<T(°C) Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Polysiloxane 4 Polysiloxane ---
<600] (Note-2)
-58<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 2.5
1 32 Silicate Intermediate (Note-1) or
[-50<T(°C) Intermediate --- --- Topcoat SP 2 / SP 3
<0] Topcoat --- --- (Note-2)
Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 8.5
Primer --- --- Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy, ---
32<T< Silicate SP 11
Insulated 199 4 ---
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate High Build Epoxy (Note-1) or High Build Epoxy Polyamide
Carbon Steel SP 5 1.5 - 2 ---
10 Polyamide SP 2 / SP 3
and Low Alloy [0<T(°C)
<93] --- Polyurethane 2 (Note-2) ---
Steel Topcoat --- Topcoat Polyurethane Enamel
Enamel
199<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic Zinc 2.5 --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc Silicate / --- 5.5
4B 347 Silicate (Note-1) or Silicone Zinc Primer
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate Silicone Acrylic 1.5 SP 2 / SP 3 Silicone Acrylic ---
A
[93<T(°C) (Note-2)
D R
<175] Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Silicone Acrylic 1.5 Silicone Acrylic ---
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Surface Syst. No. Ope. At Vendor Shop At Field Shop / Pre-fabrication Shop At Field Total
Temp. Surf. Anchor System Material Ave. Surf. Anchor System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Ave.
(°F) Prep.n Profile Descriptio DFT Prep.n Profile Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT DFT
(SSPC) (mils) n (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils)
5 347<T< SP 5 1.5 - 2 Primer Inorganic 2.5 --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Inorganic Zinc --- 4.5
(Note-15) 1000 Zinc (Note-1) Silicate / Silicone
Silicate or SP 2 / Zinc Primer
[175 <T(°C) SP 3
<538]
Insulated Silicone
Carbon Steel Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
and Low Alloy Silicone
Steel 8 1000<T SP 5 2 – 2.5 Primer Polysiloxane 4 --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
< 1112 (Note-1)
Intermediate --- --- Intermediate --- --- or SP 2 / --- ---
[538 <T(°C) SP 3
<600] Topcoat --- --- Topcoat Polysiloxane 4 (Note-2) Polysiloxane ---
Uninsulated
Stainless Steel
(Note-4 and
18)
15 -49<T< Garnet 2 Primer Phenolic 4 --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Phenolic Epoxy --- 12
(Section 302 Blast Epoxy (Note-1) (Note-3)
6.1) (Note-8) Intermediate Intermediate Phenolic 4 or SP 2 / Phenolic Epoxy ---
(Note-6) [-45<T(°C)
Epoxy SP 3
<150]
Topcoat Topcoat Phenolic 4 (Note-2) Phenolic Epoxy ---
Epoxy
16 302<T< Garnet 2 Primer Aluminum 2 --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Aluminum Silicone --- 3
Insulated (Section 1000 Blast Silicone (Note-1) (Note-3)
Stainless Steel 6.1) (Note-8) Intermediate or SP 2 /
Intermediate --- --- --- ---
(Note-18) (Note-6 [150<T(°C) SP 3
<538] Topcoat Aluminum 1 Aluminum Silicone ---
&15) Topcoat (Note-2)
Silicone
17 1000<T Garnet 2 Primer Polysiloxane 4 --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Polysiloxane --- 8
(Section <1112 Blast (Note-1) (Note-3)
6.1) (Note-8) Intermediate or SP 2 /
Intermediate --- --- --- ---
(Note-6) [538<T(°C) SP 3
Topcoat (Note-2)
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Surface Syst. No. Ope. At Vendor Shop At Field Shop / Pre-fabrication Shop At Field Total
Temp. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Surf. System Material Ave. Ave.
(°F) Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT Prep.n Description DFT DFT
(SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (SSPC) (mils) (mils)
19 --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- ---
Galvanized Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1)
Steel Topcoat Topcoat
Galvanized 11 --- --- Primer --- --- --- Primer --- --- SP 11 Touch-up Zinc Rich Epoxy --- 4
Steel (Color Intermediate Intermediate (Note-1)
Coding / Topcoat Topcoat or SP 1 / Primer Surface Tolerant 2
Identification) SP 2 Epoxy
Enamel
6.2 Local Panels, Conduits, Terminal Boxes, Off-Line Instruments, etc.
Carbon Steel Vendor Standard Painting System (VS). Paint System shall be suitable for the expected operating temperature and shall have sufficient service life.
and Low Alloy VS Touch-up work with suitable paint system shall be recommended by paint manufacturers who supply the paint materials.
Steel Housing of the electric parts of the field instruments and actuator of the valves shall be painted at vendor shop.
Stainless Steel
(Note-18)
Galvanized
Steel
Note-1: Damage to coated surface showing signs of rust or bare metal surface shall be abrasive blast cleaned or power tool cleaned per SSPC-SP11 “Power Tool Cleaning to
Bare Metal” to restore steel to its specified cleanliness.
Note-2: Damaged to topcoats not exposing bare metal shall be solvent cleaned per SSPC-SP1 followed by hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP2 / SSPC-SP3. All gloss
shall be removed and the surface abraded without removing the primer. Prior to commencement of the Field over-coating work, Vendor shop or Field shop/Pre fabrication
Shop coated film shall be cleaned free from dust, mud, white-rust, chalking and other all contaminants in order to avoid inter-adhesion failure.
Note-3: Power Tool adapted for stainless steel shall use for touch-up.
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Note-4: Hot and cold personnel protection surfaces shall be considered as un-insulated surfaces.
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Note-5: Protruding portions of equipments and storage tanks from insulation shall be apply according to paint system for un-insulated surfaces.
Note-6: The paints shall be free of zinc, lead and their chemical compound for stainless steel.
Note-7: Primer shall be applied to galvanized steel if vendor cementitious fireproofing requires.
Note-8: Temporary protection for valve packing box shall be used during surface preparation and paint application to prevent damage occasioned due to abrasive, dust or paint.
Note-9: Paints for internal of potable water tank shall be approved by an internationally competent authority.
Note-10: Painting of galvanized steel for color coding / identification purposes can be done at Vendor shop if required.
Note-11: Temperature Indicating Paint should be supplied by the following acceptable Paint Manufacturer;
Paint Manufacturer Temperature Indicating Paint
International Paint Intertherm 715
PPG Sigma Sigmarite 37-B-1
Note-12: Split of painting works for the following Reactors as supplied by below mentioned Vendor are as follows;
Item No. Vendor Name Split of painting works
At Vendor shop At Field
D-7721 / 7741 (Guard Bed Reactors) JSW (Muroran) Up to primer T/U, Intermediate coat and Top coat
D-7722 / 7742 (1st Hydrotreating Reactors)
D-7723 / 7743 (2nd Hydrotreating Reactors)
D-7724/7744 (Hydrocracking Reactors) KSL (Harima) Part of Reactor Complete Part of Reactor Touch-up
laid on saddle: Painting System laid on saddle:
All other parts of Up to primer All other parts of T/U, Intermediate
Reactor: Reactor: coat and Top coat
A
Note-13: Specified external paint system for tanks can also be executed / applied at Vendor shop if required.
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Note-14: Paint system shall be selected based on higher temperature among Operating Condition (primary/alternative), Vacuum Condition, Steam Out Condition or Short Term
Piping Design Condition.
Note-15: Ambient (air) cure type of Aluminum Silicone shall be used. Maximum allowable DFT per coat shall be in accordance with Paint Manufacture's instruction.
Note-16: For piping spool that pressure test is NOT conducted at pre-fabrication shop, finish coating shall not be executed to the welded portion. On the other hand, for piping
spool that pressure test is conducted at pre-fabrication shop, finish coating is executed to the welded portion.
Note-17: It’s acceptable to apply primer for uninsulated stainless steel items at Vendor shop. The primer shall be selected based on higher temperature among Operating
Condition (primary/alternative), Vacuum Condition, Steam Out Condition or Short Term Piping Design Condition
Note 18: Alloy 825 shall conform to painting requirements of stainless steel.
Note 19: In order to prevent corrosion and chloride contamination during oversea transportation, temporary rust preventive measure shall be taken for bare portion of external
surface of stainless steel piping by module fabricator. As for details, 3006-5000-DM115892 (Specification for Rust Prevention) shall be referred to.
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PREPARATION
TABLE 3 SUMMARY PAINT SYSTEMS

Note: Vendor/Paint Contractor shall follow Paint Manufacturer’s instructions such as Maximum allowable DFT
per one/total coat, Surface preparation grade/anchor profile, etc.
Average dry film thickness
Surface Anchor (mils) Drying time
Syst. preparation profile range Primer Intermediate Topcoat interval
No. Coat Intermediate
grade (mils) Primer Topcoat TOTAL (h)
Coat
Inorganic Doesn’t
1 SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Zinc Silicate - - 2.5 - - 2.5 apply
Alkyd Primer
2 SSPC-SP6 0.75 – 1.0 free of heavy Alkyd Alkyd Enamel 1.5 1.5 1.5 4.5 12 to 72
Enamel
metals
High Build
3A SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Epoxy - Polyurethane 4 - 2 6 8 to 72
Enamel
Polyamide
High Build Epoxy
3B SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Epoxy - 4 - 2 6 8 to 72
Polyamide Enamel
Inorganic Silicone Silicone

4A SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 2.5 1.5 1.5 5.5 24 to 48
Zinc Silicate Acrylic Acrylic
Inorganic zinc Silicone Silicone

4B SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 2.5 1.5 1.5 5.5 24 to 48
silicate acrylic acrylic
Phenolic Phenolic
4C SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Epoxy - Epoxy 4 - 4 8 8 to 72
Inorganic Aluminum Aluminum

5 SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Zinc Silicate Silicone Silicone 2.5 1 1 4.5 24 to 72
Inorganic Temperature
5T SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 - Indicating 2.5 - 1 to 1.5 3.5 to 4 24 to 48
Zinc Silicate Paint
Aluminum Aluminum
6 SSPC-SP5 1.0 – 1.5 - 2 - 2 4 2 to 8
Silicone Silicone
Aluminum Aluminum
7 SSPC-SP5 1.0 – 1.5 Silicone - Silicone 2 - 2 4 2 to 8
8 SSPC-SP5 2.0 – 2.5 Polysiloxane - Polysiloxane 4 - 4 8 4 to 8
High build
9 SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Inorganic Epoxy Polyurethane 2.5 4 2 8.5 24 to 72
Zinc Silicate Enamel
Polyamide
High Build
10 SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Inorganic zinc Epoxy Polyurethane 2.5 4 2 8.5 24 to 72
silicate Enamel
Polyamide
SSPC-SP1 Doesn’t Surface Polyurethane

11 Tolerant - 2 - 2 4 8 to 72
SSPC-SP2 apply Epoxy Enamel
100% Solid 100% Solid

12 SSPC-SP5 2.0 – 2.5 - 8 - 8 16 8 to 72
Epoxy Epoxy
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PREPARATION
TABLE 3 SUMMARY PAINT SYSTEMS (Continued)
Average dry film thickness

Surface Anchor (mils) Drying time
Syst. preparation profile range Primer Intermediate Topcoat interval
No. Coat Intermediate
grade (mils) Primer Topcoat TOTAL (h)
Coat
High build High Build
13 SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Epoxy Adduct - Epoxy Adduct 4 - 4 8 24 to 48
Amine Amine
High Build High Build
14 SSPC-SP5 1.5 – 2.0 Phenolic - Phenolic 6 - 6 12 12 to 72
Epoxy Epoxy
15 Garnet 2 Phenolic Phenolic Phenolic 4 4 4 12 24 to 48

Blast Epoxy Epoxy Epoxy
16 Garnet 2 Aluminum - Aluminum 2 - 1 3 2 to 8

Blast Silicone Silicone
17 Garnet 2 Polysiloxane - Polysiloxane 4 - 4 8 4 to 8

Blast
Zinc Rich
19 SSPC SP11 - Epoxy - - - - - - Doesn’t
or SP 2/SP 3 apply
(Touch-up)
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PREPARATION
PART III - COLOR CODES
1 GENERAL
This color code sums up the experience of the Petroleum Industry on system and equipment
identification with certain colors, according to their use and situation.
However, on this respect, guidelines formulated by COVENIN codes 187 - 92 and 253 - 99,
Definicionesy Clasificaciones de Colores (Color Definitions and Classifications) and Señales de
Seguridad y Colores para Ia ldentificación de Líneas que Llevan Fluidos (Safety Signs and Colors
for the Identificatión of Lines Carrying Fluids), shall be taken into account and be complied with.
This code is not exhaustive and the appreciation differences shall be presented according to
complexity of PDVSA’s operations, which will demand a particular or a special color scheme,
however, most paint jobs done on recent times shall be enough.
Color codes need not be followed for paint systems applied under thermal insulation and fireproof
materials and internal of equipment.
COLOR SCHEMES
2 COLOR SCHEMES FOR SAFETY EQUIPMENTS

SAFETY EQUIPMENTS BASIC COLOR
Fire extinguishing equipment. Includes fire Red (RAL-3001)
extinguishing pump, hose stations, fire
monitors, tower supports and extinguishing
hydrants among others
Safety showers and other safety installations Yellow (RAL-1003)
Dangerous obstructions (columns, beams, Alternated black (RAL-9005) and canary
pillars and steps among others) yellow strips (RAL-1003)
Safety relief valves (Note 1) Yellow (RAL - 1003)
Dangerous or uncovered machine parts Orange (RAL - 2009)
Dangerous electrical installation spots Black (RAL-9005) with red stripes (RAL-3001)
First aid equipment Green (RAL-6002) letters on white base
(RAL-9003)
Note 1: For safety relief valves to be painted with paint system 5, the finish color shall be
manufacturer standard aluminum.
D R A
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PREPARATION
3 COLOR SCHEMES FOR INSTRUMENTS

INSTRUMENTS BASIC COLOR
Instrument air lines Blue (RAL - 5003)
The color of instruments and equipment shall be in accordance with 3006-5000-DI116003
(S-000-1370-0003P) para. 3.9 (2).
4 COLOR SCHEMES FOR SIGNS

SIGNS BASIC COLOR
Plants that use caustic sodium or acids Orange (RAL - 2009)
Plants with high hydrogen sulphur concentration Black (RAL-9005) letters on yellow base
(RAL-1003)
5 COLOR SCHEMES FOR MACHINERY/ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

MACHINERY/ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT BASIC COLOR
5.1 Pumps Dark Gray (RAL-7005)
5.1.1 Base plate Dark Gray (RAL-7005)
5.1.2 Motors
a. Electric Bluish green (RAL-6017)
b. Fuel Dark Gray (RAL-7005)
5.1.3 Mobile parts, including coupling flanges Orange (RAL-2009)
and covered parts
5.2 Electrical Equipment
5.2.1 Generators Light Gray (RAL-7004)
5.2.2 Switch box Dark Gray (RAL-7005)
5.2.3 Transformers Silver Gray (RAL-7042)
5.3 Machinery
5.3.1 Off-the shelf Item Vendor Standard (Unless otherwise
specified in “COLOR SCHEMES”)
5.3.2 Manufactured Item Color specified in “COLOR SCHEMES”
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PREPARATION
6 PIPING
6.1 Inside the Installations (Inside of Process/Utility Units)
Entire surface of the piping shall be TOTALLY painted with the basic color according to TABLE 4
specified in 3006-5000-DM115894 (Specification for Lettering and Marking). Inside the basic color,
color ring is applied to identify the type of fluid inside the piping on a more specific way. The arrow
(which indicates flow direction) shall be painted next to the color ring followed by legend name.
Detailed shall be referred to 3006-5000-DM115894.
For no paint required piping, piping shall be identified by painting the following identification marks
illustrated in Figure 2 on 3006-5000-DM115894.
- Basic color stripe,
- Color ring,
- Legend name, and
- Arrow
6.2 Outside the Installations (Interconnection Pipe Rack, i.e. Unit 66)
All piping shall be identified with basic color stripes, with the exception of firewater piping (that shall
be totally painted) or wherever conditions or external factors require so. Basic color stripe shall
contain the arrow and the legend identifying the fluid on the piping. The color ring shall be painted
before the basic color stripe. Detailed shall be referred to 3006-5000-DM115894 (Specification for
Lettering and Marking).
For no paint required piping, piping shall be identified by painting the following identification marks
illustrated in Figure 2 on 3006-5000-DM115894.
- Basic color stripe,
- Color ring,
- Legend name, and
- Arrow
7 STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENT

STRUCTURES BASIC COLOR
Carbon Steel Galvanized Steel
Beams, general supports Medium Gray (RAL-7034) No painting
except stairway, ladder cages,
fire stairways and safety loops
Platforms (grating, steps) Medium Gray (RAL-7034) No painting
Stairways (handrails) and Yellow (RAL-1003) Yellow (RAL-1003)
Ladder cages
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PREPARATION
Escape routes on buildings Orange (RAL-2009) Orange (RAL-2009)

Fire stairways (handrails) and Yellow (RAL-1003) Yellow (RAL-1003)
safety loops
8 TANK COLOR SCHEME FOR TANK AND EXCHANGER

TANKS BASIC COLOR
Naphtha, gasoline, jet A1 White (RAL-9003)
Kerosene Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Gasoline Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Diesel Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Fuel oil Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Crude petroleum Black (RAL-9005) or Aluminum (RAL - 9006)
Pentane plus Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Lubricating oil Brown (RAL-8017)
Acids Orange (RAL-2009)
Bases (Alkalis) Violet (RAL-4001)
Asphalt Black (RAL-9005)
9 COLOR SCHEME FOR VESSELS (STRUCTURES)

HEATERS, BOILERS AND EXCHANGERS BASIC COLOR
Heater case and chimney Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Boilers Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Heat exchangers Aluminum (RAL-9006)
Vessels (Column, Drum) Aluminum (RAL-9006)
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D R A

RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT

GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PAINTING AND

3.20 Vendor / Paint Contractor .................................................................................................................. 11

PART I – REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................................................... 13

6.3 Repairs to Galvanized Coatings ....................................................................................................... 26

PART II - PAINT SYSTEMS ....................................................................................................................... 38

PART III - COLOR CODES ........................................................................................................................ 60

2.1 American Society for Testing Materials - ASTM

2.2 National Association of Corrosion Engineers – NACE

2.3 The Society of Protective Coatings – SSPC

2.4 Comisión Venezolana de Normas Industriales - COVENIN (Industrial Venezuelan

2.5 Project Specification

2.6 Technical Memorandum (TM)

TM-JY/PD-0343 Clarification of Paint System under Cementitious Fireproofing

3.1 Surface Preparation

3.2 Abrasive Blast Cleaning

3.3 Solvent Cleaning (SSPC-SP 1)

3.4 Manual - Mechanical Tool Cleaning (SSPC-SP2/3/11)

3.5 Surface Roughness

working mixes of minerals or metals.

3.7 Solid Volume

3.8 Shelf Life

3.9 Pot Life

3.10 Available Paint Presentations

3.10.1 Primer Presentation

3.10.2 Enamel Presentation

3.11 Paint Systems

3.11.2 Intermediate Coat

3.15.1 Airless Spray

3.15.2 Conventional Spray

3.17 Film Thickness

3.18 Inch Thousandth (mils)

3.20 Vendor / Paint Contractor

3.21 PDVSA Representative

3.23 Paint Manufacturer

3.25 Vendor Standard Painting System (VS)

3.27 Off-the Shelf Item (Line manufactured)

3.28 Manufactured Item

Contractor shall report the compatibility to PDVSA Representative for approval.

1.4.1 Anticorrosive paints shall be identified with the following information:

1.4.5 Surface preparation procedures

1.4.8 Organic waste disposal (paints and solvents among others)

1.4.9 In case of requiring additional information, it shall be supplied by Vendor/Paint Contractor to

1.5 Responsibility of Vendor / Paint Contractor

Vendor/Paint Contractor in charge of the paint work shall be responsible for:

♦ Workmanship shall be certified by a recognized entity.

2 STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION

TABLE 1 SURFACE PREPARATION GRADE

Surface SSPC NACE ISO Characteristics

2.2 Surface Preparation through Abrasive Blast Cleaning

2.2.1 Pre-cleaning for Abrasive Blast Cleaning

2.2.2 Abrasive Blasting Cleaning

2.2.4 Roughness Grade and Anchor Profile

2.2.5 Techniques and Restrictions for Abrasive Blast Cleaning

TABLE 2 ROUGHNESS AND ABRASIVES

Average Profile Height

2.2.6 Surface Preparation after Abrasive Blast Cleaning

2.3 Surface Preparation through Mechanical Tools Cleaning

2.4 Equipment and Structures to be Field Painted

2.5 Surface Preparation for Vessels or Re-used Equipment

2.6 Protection of Adjacent Equipment