A Cow

Cow is a common domesticated animal around the world. The cow is raised as livestock which
purposed mainly for meat and milk, and the skin (for food production and manufacture), liver,
heart, and oxtail. At some agricultural country, cow also raised for animal worker to plough the
yard in traditional agriculture and for vehicle. In some culture especially in Hindus’ culture, the
cow is a holy animal.

According to some historical researches, the cow has been domesticating since 10.500 years ago
in Southeast Turkey. Now, there are more than 1, 5 billion of cows that are raised as livestock
around the world. However, cow is one of the most important livestock in the word.

The weight of a cow for beef production is ideally around 750 kg. It means it will be raised for
around two years to reach that ideal weight. But that ideal is not the maximum weight the cow
may has, if it is raised well, the weight will increase up to 1.000 kg or more.

In the different case, the cow for the milk production will be raised more longer than the cow
for beef production as long as that cow is still producing a large amount if milk. Naturally, the
cow eats some grass and foliage. But in the farm, the food for cow can be more various such as
the stem of rice and corn, the residue of harvest plant, and so on. In a day, a cow can eat more
than 25 kg of any food given to it.

Buffalo

Buffalo are large members of the Bovidae family. There are two types of buffalo: the African or
Cape buffalo and the Asian water buffalo (this one is common in Indonesia). The water buffalo is the
largest bovine. It is 2.4 to 2.7 meters from head to rump with its tail adding an extra 60 to 100
centimeters. They weigh a massive 700 to 1,200 kilograms. The African buffalo is smaller, but they are
still quite impressive in size. They are 130 to 150 cm from head to hoof and weigh 9around 425 to 870
kg. Buffalo are herbivores, and so eat only vegetation. Their favorite foods are grass and herbs, but water
buffalo will also eat aquatic plants. Both African and Asian buffalo will eat shrubs and trees when they
can’t find grass or herbs to eat.

Sheep

Sheep are four-legged ruminant mammal that belong to the order Artiodactyla and genus Ovis.
The word “sheep” is used to address all species of genus Ovis but for most people the word is always
refers to Ovis aries (domestic sheep). They are kept by humans as a livestock for their meat, milk and
skin. They are one of the earliest animals to be domesticated for agricultural purposes. They are
herbivorous animals who love to eat short grass and hay. There are various ways to address a sheep. If
an adult male sheep is intact, they are called a “ram” or a “tup”, but they are called as a “wether” if the
male sheep is castrated. An adult female sheep is called a “ewe (yu)” and a young sheep is called a
“lamb”. Their product such as meat, milk and pelt are also important for us to know besides their
nickname. When their meat is served as food, it is known as “mutton” or “lamb”. They can produce thick
pelts and it is mostly known as “wool”. Sheep produce less milk than cow, but their milk contain more fat
and minerals which make them to be ideal for cheese-making process.

The Elephant

The elephants are herbivores and eat all types of vegetation such as grasses, leaves, and fruits.
They have almost hairless skin, four legs, and a distinctive long, flexible, prehensile trunk. The elephants
which is also known as the largest of all land mammals usually live in groups consisting of adult female
elephant as the leader of the group, their children and their relative female elephants.

The elephants also have very sharp auditory because they have big and wide ears. By these ears,
they can hear sounds from a distance about tens kilometer. At the back of the ears, they have one of the
softest parts of their body which is called the knuckle. In a zoo, Mahouts (elephant trainers) use their
feet to steer or give commands to the animal via the knuckle. Now, they are a kind of protected animals
because their population remains little in their habitat. Their population began to decline year by year.