234 Frame Synchronization and Channel Coding

Table s,1 Barker codes fromcomrn.Barkercode

N Code
2 -1, +1
3 -1, -1, +1
4 -1, -1, +1, -1
5 -1, -1, -1, +1, -1
7 -1, -1, -1, +1, +1, -1, +1
11 -1, -1, -1, +1, +1, +1, -1, +1, +1, -1, +1
13 -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, +1, +1, -1, -1, +1, -1, +1, -1
3
-----E) True start
2 --------.
Estimated start

-1

-2

-3
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Samples
(a)

30
Zeros lag 1-----E) True peak position
-------* Estimated peak position
20

10

o I .in1�;,",NilllJIW��1'itilMrflllt.'w'u"1�1ftff.ffllN��·;1
-10

-20 � � ��� �� �� �� ���

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Samples
(b)
Figure 8.4 Example of using cross correlation to find a sequence with a larger sequence of d ata.
(a) Random bit sequence with Barker code embedded at delay p, and (b) crosscorrelation of Barker
code with random sequence containing code.

Figure 8.4(b). A more efficient implementation would be to utilize a filter. The

output y of an FIR filter with taps b; can be written as
N
y[n) = Lb; u[n - i), (8.6)
i=O
where u is our received signal that contains the sequence of interest. Equation ( 8.6)
is almost identical to (8.2) except for a time reversal. Therefore, to use an FIR filter

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