Review related Literature

This study presents a review studies that related to study about the effects of Facebook
use in students. This research focused on analyzing how students use Facebook in terms of
learning and what are the positive and negative effects towards to it.

Social networking sites let individuals to present themselves, and begin or Keep
connections with others. The extremely popular social network site for students in different
levels, Facebook, has already a big impact on their lives especially to the students. The site can
be used towards work-related contexts, romantic relationship commencement and Connecting
those with shared interests. Members may use the site to mingle with people. They already
know offline or to find new friends. Facebook permits its users to present themselves in an
Internet profile, build up "friends" who can post comments on each Other walls, and views each
other's page. Facebook associates can also join groups based on common interests, see what
things they have in common, and learn each other’s' hobbies, interests, favorite music, and
Romantic relationship status through their pages. But what are behind these facts? What does
Facebook bring to the lives of the Members especially to the students? How does Facebook
affect the life of a student? According to studies, Facebook has an impact to students. Some
students are using it for educational purposes. Students would like to do some online
collaboration with classmates. It is said that Using Facebook boosts students’ self-esteem even
more.

According to Facebook, there are over one billion users worldwide (Facebook, 2012)
and almost 80% of those users are from outside the United States and Canada (Facebook,
2012). In the statement of (Bugeja, 2006) Facebook has been shown to have an impact on
motivation among students in higher education. Most notably, Mazer et al. (2007) suggest that
student motivation and participation are greatly enhanced when engaging course material is
presented through more personalized platforms, something Facebook and other SNS provide.
In a similar study, Shih (2011) supported Yunus and Salehi’s findings by claiming that the use of
Facebook for peer-to-peer assessment, a process where learn-ers evaluate their peers’ work
based on teacher-developed benchmarks, resulted in increased student interest and
engagement during study.

Facebook nowadays has been one of the most used social media. According to( Kirk
Patrick 2010), Facebook as being social networking sites provides an online platform on which
students create profiles, promote and share information and contents and have interactions with
contacts both known and unknown Facebook have expanded recently, which have led to it’s
used by people of all generation extensively. In the study of Tess (2013), argues that there is a
variety of correlations between student’s performance and use Facebook while others fine no
correlations. In addition, according to different studies, Facebook has an impact to students.
Some students are using it for educational purposes. Students would like to do some online
collaboration with classmates. It is said that using Facebook boosts students’ self-esteem or
self-confidence and even more. They would feel belongingness in the community compared to
those who do not have accounts. It also provides news on what are happening in the real world
and even in their school campuses. On the other hand, negative effects flourish. It was found
that social networking sites have formed a new kind of addiction which we called the "social
media addiction" and it is quite true in using Facebook. But in the recent study, it was found that
a lot of students now are addicted to it, to the extent that their school performance is affected.
"Students who spend much of their time online find it harder to focus in class and have short
attention span” researchers found through the samples that 7 out of 10 teachers believed that
their students are becoming obsessed with social media sites such as Facebook. Their students
tend to study while using Facebook and it shows that they got 20% lower grades. Through
Facebook-using, students even perform task (projects or assignments) without completion for
the reason that they spend more time scrolling down on their newsfeed to see updates about
their friends and look up for their notifications rather than finishing their school tasks. Aside that
Facebook affects students’ academic performance, it also has an effect on student’s emotional
health, student feels connected to others but study shows that they manifest depression through
seeing their status updates. Some would utilize the site to express what they feel towards their
enemy in school or even outside the campus. They would blurt out through posting status that
would target their opponent just to hurt their feelings.