CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE ORGANISATION

Textile processing is one of the important industries related with textile manufacturing
operations. The textile industry occupies a leading position in the hierarchy of the Indian
manufacturing industry. It has witnessed several new directions in the era of liberalization. While
textile exports are increasing and India has become the largest exporter in world trade in cotton
yarn and is an important player of readymade garments, country’s international textile trade
constitutes a mere 3% of the total world textile trade. Several mills have opted for modernization
and expansion and are going in for export-oriented units (EOUs) focused on production of cotton
yarn. It has passed through cyclical oscillations and at present, it is witnessing a recovery after a
downturn. Of the entire industry volume of about 5 million tonnes, polyester and polyester
filament yarn account for about 1.7 million tonnes, and acrylic, nylon, and viscose taken together
for 300,000 tonnes. The balance is represented by cotton textiles. A majority - some three fourths
- of the textile mills are in the private sector. A few of the units are in the co-operative sector
with the public sector (Central and State) accounting for about 15% of the total. Today 75% of
the total production of cotton knitwear is exported from India is manufactured in Tirupur. In
terms of the total domestic production of cotton knitted garments of India, Tirupur accounts for
about 35%.Tirupur managed to start business with large foreign retail trade chains and mail order
houses; mainly in Europe up to 1985 the export growth was slow level steady and was confined
to T-shirts only.

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 CHAPTER-2

INDUSTRY PROFILE

Textile technology is a general term that covers finishing and printing of fabric. The
various steps a fabric goes into are singeing, desizing, bleaching, dyeing, and finishing.
Bleaching is a process to make the fabric or yarn look brighter. Dyeing is a process of applying
colouring matter directly on fibre without any additives. Finishing is the final process to impart
the required end use finishes to the fabric and lastly the printing process on fabric which is a
science as well as an art. Textile auxiliaries such as chemicals are used for all stages of the textile
manufacturing process that is from pre-treatment to dyeing and printing and finishing.

The textile industry is classified into

(i) Textile mills comprising composite and spinning mills in the organized segment.
(ii) Small powerloom and handloom units in the decentralized segment.
(iii) Khadi-based unit.
(iv) Manmade and synthetic fibre and spinning units.
(v) Knitting units.
(vi) Made-ups (garments). Besides, the industry has a large number of small units scattered
all over the country which are engaged in processing, dying and printing of yarn, fabrics
and for conversion. The processing units include sizing, desizing, kiering, bleaching,
mercerizing, dyeing, printing and finishing.

The country’s per capita consumption of woven cotton fabrics is estimated at around 16.5
meters. This has remained almost constant for quite some time with the increased production
absorbed by the expansion in population. Yarn is produced by the mills in the organized segment
but is consumed by powerloom and handloom segments as well. The production of cotton yarn is
divided into three categories, namely, coarse counts below 20s, medium counts between 20s and
40s, and fine counts above 40s. The average count spun has increased from about 25 in early
1960s to about 34 in 1990s. This indicates a change in product-mix in favour of finer textiles and
high value items. The pattern of production of cloth in the textile industry is amazingly wide
with regard to types of fabrics produced with different mono and mixed materials. In the

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conventional ring spinning system, increasing spindle speed beyond a level was technologically
difficult and economically non-feasible. The search for an alternative method of yarn
manufacture led to the development of three new technologies namely, rotor open-end, friction
and air jet spinning. The spinning limits of the four technologies are 6-12, upto 30, 6-18, and 20-
80, respectively.

A major improvement in weaving efficiency has been brought about by developments in

spinning technology which has enabled production of yarn of higher quality. A major share of
the looms installed in composite mills is now of automatic looms. However, autolooms installed
in the decentralized and powerloom segments are small in number. Shuttleless technology, direct
wrapping, use of splicing technology, automatic doffing and knotting systems, help to increase
mill productivity. Speed of the auto looms or shuttleless looms is 60% higher than that of non-
autolooms.

The textile industry has managed to modernise the spinning sector but there is a long way
to go on the weaving front. India's power loom sector has over 10,000 shuttleless looms as
compared to 150,000 in China. It may be recalled that India today is the third largest producer of
cotton, second largest producer of cotton yarn and the largest exporter of cotton yarn in the
world.

Indian textile industry is a premier industry in India with a large domestic market and
sizable exports (considering India's export earnings), it is still a small player in the global textile
market. The global market is expanding (estimated to grow from $ 309 billion to $ 856 billion by
2014). India has several positive competitive strengths and can benefit from the global
expansion. However, India will have to catch up with modernization by restructuring and
upgrading its operations. It is an imperative and urgent need for the industry to focus on value
added products. With the end of the Multi-fibre Agreement at the end of 2004, the potential is
unlimited, if only the industry gets fully geared up to adopt global standards.

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 CHAPTER-3

COMPANY PROFILE

Thangamman fashions emerged in the year 1998 at Tirupur. Thangamman fashions is

one of the leading manufacturer of heat transfer stickers. Usage of high quality raw material and
presentation of upgraded products are pursued. And the unit is categorized into various distinct
sections such as designing, sampling, sourcing, marketing and delivering that makes it a framed
and well timed module. Factory premises is spreaded over 20,000 sq.feet with Mitsubishi
photographic printing machine , ultra violet curing machine, spectra photo metre for colouring
matching, exposing unit and backup coating machines.

Also having a team of experts the appropriate operations to procure the tasks and
providing enormous contemporary designs to outfit their requisities. Proficient designers who
patterns incredibly using foremost designing software. The software fine tunes our designs and
presents in an astounding style. Thangamman fashion is accessible at anytime responding to
clients inquiries and caters solutions in hand.

VISION

Thangamman fashions vision serves as the scheme guiding every aspects of our business
that we need to accomplish in achieving sustainable and quality growth.

 Be a highly powerful and fast moving organization.

 Be extensible with client requirements
 Launch our designs to meet the international standards and certifications.

MISSION

Thangamman fashions actively communicate with our customers to deliver products and
services that exceed their expectation.

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 Pursue to develop trendy designs involving advanced techniques and methodologies.
 Provide remarkable rewards to hard working employees of our organization.
 Develop a client friendly environment.

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 CHAPTER-4

PRODUCT PROFILE

Machine which is used for printing sticker is shown below. These type of sticker
designing machines are used in the company manufacturing sector.

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HEAT TRANSFER STICKERS

We are the leading manufacturers and suppliers of Heat Transfer Stickers. These are
manufactured from superior quality raw material and advanced technology, in order to supply the
best quality products. Further, our assortment is stringently examined against global quality
parameters by our quality controllers before the final dispatch to our esteemed clients.

Designer Transfer Stickers for T Shirts

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DESIGNER TRANSFER STICKERS FOR T SHIRTS

These stickers offer an attractive finish, which gives light reflectance and shine.
Available in any design and colours with heat transfer gel or adhesive in it. These stickers gets
fused easily on to the garments. This is suitable for Cotton and Cotton blends of all colours .

Features:

 Metalised foil effect like gold, silver and Bronze.

 Designer Transfer Stickers for T Shirts.
 Cartoon Stickers for T Shirts.

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CARTOON STICKERS FOR T SHIRTS

These stickers are free from harmful chemicals, heavy metals, formaldehyde and azo
dyes. These are available in multi color prints and also in photo prints orlitho graphic prints.
These are suitable for cotton, cotton blends and synthetic garments etc.

Features

 Multicolor & Photographic effect.

 Designer Transfer Stickers for T Shirts
 Cartoon Stickers for T Shirts
 Glitter Transfer Stickers

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GLITTER TRANSFER STICKERS

These stickers are printed with attractive glittering powders in various colours.These can
be fused on any garments. Available in PVC,PVC Free and Phthalate Free qualities.

Features

 Glittering & shining effects, any color.

 Designer Transfer Stickers for T Shirts
 Cartoon Stickers for T Shirts
 Glitter Transfer Stickers
 Foil Transfer Stickers
 Image result for foil transfer stickers on t-shirts

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FOIL TRANSFER STICKERS

We are engaged in manufacturing and supplying of Foil Transfer Stickers to our valuable
clients. Designer Transfer Stickers for T ShirtsCartoon Stickers for T ShirtsGlitter Transfer
StickersFoil Transfer StickersImage result for foil transfer stickers on t-shirts.

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PRICE PRINTED LABEL

Meeting the demands of customers as a manufacturer, supplier, exporter, trader, retailer

and wholesaler, we are providing Price Printed Label. Applicable in varied industries and other
sectors to mark price, coding, manufacturing and expiry dates on various products, these labels
are extensively demanded across the market.

Further, we provide customization facility as per the specifications laid by customers.

Features

 Water proof
 High tearing strength
 High adhesive strength

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 CHAPTER-5

DEPARTMENTS IN THE ORGANISATION

YARN

KNITTING

COMPACTING

DYING

WASHING

CUTTING

STTICHING

FINISHING

PACKAGING

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YARN

A long, thin piece of cotton, wool, etc., that is thicker than thread and that is used for
knitting and weaving a continuous often plied strand composed of either natural or man-made
fibers or filaments and used in weaving and knitting to form cloth. a similar strand of another
material (such as metal, glass, or plastic) a narrative of adventures; especially a tall tale in a
roaring good yarn.

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KNITTING

The yarn was changed into fabric by knitting machine by keeping the yarn in machine in
round type and when the machine starts it will automatically spin the yarns into fabrics. The
fabrics will keep in roll type. In knitting if sometimes if we want to mix any combo of yarn
means also make mix in the spinning or want to mix the counts means also will mix and make
into fabrics.

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COMPACTING

In the compacting will make the dyed fabric in the steaming the fabric and make stiff
cloth and make it in roll type or flat type folding. It will make separate all the roll and now it is
ready for production.

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DYING

The knitted fabrics will move next to the dyeing process. In the dyeing they will make the
white fabric into the buyer required accurate colours mixture with the fabrics.

And in the dyeing they will first dye the fabric and keep the fabric in the container and it
will move next to the washing there they will wash the dyed fabric and they will keep the washed
fabric for drying purpose and they will dispatched to buyer.

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BLEACHING & DYING OF TEXTILE

The bleaching of the sticker textile is done to bring the brightness and finishing in the
fabric where as dyeing for various shades. The art lies in colouring the stickers ordinarily be
removed by such operations as washing, rubbing, sunlight etc. The art of dyeing is a branch of
applied chemistry in which a severe use of both physical and chemical principle is made in order
to bring about a permanent fibres.

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WASHING

To apply water or some other liquid to (something or someone) for the purpose of
cleansing; cleanse by dipping, rubbing, or scrubbing in water or some other liquid. articles that
have been or are to be washed together on a single occasion, liquid in which an article has been
washed. something, such as gold dust or metal ore, that has been obtained by washing ,a thin
coat of something applied in liquid form .

To apply water or other liquid, usually with soap, to (oneself, clothes, etc) in order to
cleanse, To remove by the application of water or other liquid and usually soap: she washed the
dirt from her clothes to be capable of being washed without damage or loss of colour.

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CUTTING

In the cutting section make the fabric cutting according to the pattern. For cutting the fabric
there are 2 types. They are

 Scissor cutting .
 Lay Machine cutting .

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STITCHING

One complete movement of a threaded needle through a fabric or material such as to

leave behind it a single loop or portion of thread, as in sewing, embroidery, or the surgical
closing of wounds. A loop or portion of thread disposed in place by one such movement in
sewing to rip out stitches.

A particular mode of disposing the thread in sewing or the style of work produced by one
such method. One complete movement of the needle or other implement used in knitting,
crocheting, netting, tatting, etc. The portion of work produced.a thread, bit, or piece of any fabric
or of clothing to remove every stitch of clothes.

A link made by drawing a thread through material by means of a needle a loop of yarn
formed around an implement used in knitting, crocheting, etc .a particular method of stitching or
shape of stitch.

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FINISHING

In textile manufacturing, finishing refers to the processes that convert the woven or
knitted cloth into a usable material and more specifically to any process performed after dyeing
the yarn or fabric to improve the look, performance, or "hand" (feel) of the finish textile or
clothing The precise meaning depends on context.

Some finishing techniques such as bleaching and dyeing are applied to yarn before it is
woven while others are applied to the grey cloth directly after it is woven or knitted. Some
finishing techniques, such as fulling, have been in use with hand-weaving for centuries. Others,
such as mercerisation, are by products of the industrial revolution.

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PACKAGING

Packaging specializes in supplying plastic bags, including t-shirt, die-cut handle, and
shopping bags.

Drawstring Plastic Bags for Shoes or Retail Absolute Packaging presents "Economy
meets Quality" Top Quality shopping bags. Their program is designed to present you with a
"stock" printed retail bag. Their plant manager and sales manager have worked together to find
the most common plastic shopping bag sizes as well as the most economical sizes to
manufacture. By offering this select line of retail bags, the customer will get a great bag at a
great price delivered in as little as three weeks from approvals.

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 Making T-shirts is a fairly simple and largely automated process. Specially designed
machines integrate cutting, assembling, and stitching for the most efficient operations.

RAW MATERIALS

The majority of T-shirts are made of 100% cotton, polyester, environmentally conscious
manufacturers may use organically grown cotton and natural dyes. Stretchable T-shirts are made
of knit fabrics, especially jerseys, rib knits, and interlock rib knits, which consist of two ribbed
fabrics that are joined together.

Neckbands add support to the garment and give the neckline of the T-shirt a more
finished look. Neckbands are generally one-by-one inch rib knits, although heavier fabrics or
higher quality T-shirts may require two-by-two rib knits.

Thread is an essential element in sewing any garment. Several types and colors of thread
may be used to make a single T-shirt. Some manufacturers use white thread for seams on all their
shirts, regardless of colour, thus eliminating the extra labour involved in changing the thread.

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SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH

There are supervisors in each department to manage the work of the labours. Due to
sudden illness and without proper prediction of labour the work cannot be complete as soon as
possible. Due to the delay in work time the product cannot be handover at the right time. This
lack of control makes company through loss.

WEEKNESS

Thus the orders for the manufacturing of stickers have taken easily and the delivery of the
products will be given at the right time. They are providing the good products in less cost. The
quality of the products are assured good.

OPPORTUNITIES:

• Industrial Engineering.
o Spare parts and other components.
• Maintenance.
o After sales services.
• Distribution.
o Sales offices chain around the country.
• Operations.
o Making joint venture with firms. R&D program.
• Public Relations.
o Showing the true picture and attracting new buyers.

THREATS:

 Economic conditions.
 The current economical condition of the country.
 Legal environment.

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 The laws conflicts in the business for the legal framework.
 Technology.
 The technological changes in terms of innovation.
 Competition.
 More threats from the competitors with low pricing strategy.
 Markets.
 Business condition and the market condition.

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 CHAPTER-6

PROBLEMS IN THE ORGANISATION

Major problems in this company the job work the time delay for the doing the printing
works in the pcs has the buyer required the printing workers done late to deliver the pcs at right
time and embroidery works will get late for make the prints in the pcs has the buyer required on
time it may late and then the total work has got delayed.

In the company the cutting masters was working in the contract type only so the work
will get delayed because the company want to tell the total pcs type and the pattern want to give
the only they will do the work or in some case they will make mistake when the make machine
cutting or scissor cutting. The cutting has some mistake means the total pcs would get change if
any change in cutting the pcs. The contract employees will work only for the money purpose.

The ironing and packing peoples are has no work regularly so the employees would not
get regularly for this works because this is the stage which will be the last stage of production so
the people would not get the works regularly For them also the company has giving the regular
salary.

In the dyeing while dyeing the fabric the colour may get pastness so the fabrics will get
fad while washing the fabric. The colour will not come exactly has the buyer required so the
order may get cancel or again we want to purchase yarn then wan to knit then again want to dye
the fabric correctly then this will take too much time then cannot deliver at the right time as the
buyer required.

Making T-shirts is a fairly simple and largely automated process. Specially designed
machines integrate cutting, assembling, and stitching for the most efficient operations.

In the company the salaries was not given correctly to the workers on the correct day so
the workers are facing a huge problems in the company this was the problem in the workers.
They will put the salary at 5th of every month that was their rule but in many time they will
delay of putting the salary to the workers on time so they have many problem outside.

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 In The Company there are over time working will also place a major problem between
the workers. For them they will not proceed any consumption to the workers at the over time so
the workers want spend their own money for the food or tea snacks. The company would
proceed these things to the workers from the company. This will make great disappointment
between the workers.

PROBLEM ANALYSIS

In this company sticker making is the last section. Due to strike in industrial sector
workers are not getting continuous job and not getting salary properly. So workers are facing
some financial problems. It leads to disappointments. They also need some motivation from the
management to feel secure.

SUGGESTION

Management needs to use their ears and listen to their employees. They need to sit down with
them and understand where they want to take their careers. What’s their ambition? What do they
want to do with their life? By sitting down with people and listening that they can able to set up
your employees for success while also motivating them to work hard and fast. Meeting Client
Demands and Agency Capabilities. Avoid financial trouble by staying abreast of finances. To
overcome fears of risk-taking by confronting them head-on. Procedures and documentation
should be maintained properly and up-to-date. Facilities provided for employees must be
supervised and maintained regularly. Delays have to be reduced in the completion of work and in
the production of information.

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CONCLUSION

Thus the nine departments of the company are directly and indirectly depend on one another.
Coordination is the more important factor in each project, without coordination of one
department the other department cannot survive. The Success of the project is completely based
on buyers satisfaction. The aim of the project is to know the manufacturing of various T-shirt
stickers, and this report helps me to know the inner techniques and types which they
manufacturing the T-shirt stickers.

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