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Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles - Descriptive

Solution.1.

Parallelograms lying on the same base and between the same parallels are equal in area.

It is observed that, parallelograms ABDE and CDEF lie on the same base DE and between the same
parallels AC and ED.

∴ ar (ABDE) = ar (CDEF) ...(1)

It is known that the diagonal of a parallelogram divides it into two congruent triangles.

∴ ar (ΔAED) = ar (ABDE) ...(2)

ar(ΔCDF) = ar (CDEF)

⇒ ar (ΔCDF) = ar (ABDE) [Using (1)]

⇒ ar (ΔCDF) = ar (ΔAED) [Using (2)]

⇒ ar (ΔCDF) + ar (ΔAFD) = ar (ΔAED) + ar (ΔAFD)

⇒ ar (ΔADC) = ar (AFDE)

Hence, the result is proved.

Solution.2.

The parallelograms ABCD and ABEF lie on the same base BC and they are between the same parallels
AB and DE.

∴ ar (parallelogram ABCD) = ar (parallelogram ABEF)

⇒ ar (parallelogram ABEF) = 24.2 cm2 ( ar (parallelogram ABCD) is given to be 24.2 cm2)

⇒ AB × Height = 24.2 cm2 ( area of a parallelogram = Base × Height)

⇒ 2.2 cm × Height = 24.2 cm2


Thus, the height of parallelogram ABEF is 11 cm.

Solution.3.

Let ABCD and ABEF be two parallelograms lying on the same base AB and between the same parallels
AB and FC.

To prove: ar (parallelogram ABCD) = ar (parallelogram ABEF)

In ΔADF and ΔBCE,

∠AFD = ∠BEC (Corresponding angles)

∠FDA = ∠ECB (Corresponding angles)

∴ By using angle sum property of a triangle, we obtain

∠DAF = ∠CBE

AF = BE ( ABEF is a parallelogram)

∴ ΔADF ≅ ΔBCE (ASA congruency criterion)

∴ar (ΔADF) = ar (ΔBCE)

( Congruent figures have equal areas)

Now, ar (Parallelogram ABEF) = ar (ΔADF) + ar (ABED)

= ar (ΔBCE) + ar (ABED)

= ar (Parallelogram ABCD)

Thus, the parallelograms ABCD and ABEF are equal in area.

Hence, parallelograms that lie on the same base and between the same parallels are equal in area.

Solution.4.

The dimensions of the rectangle ABCD are 20 cm and 26 cm.

∴Area of rectangle ABCD = Length × Breadth = 20 cm × 26 cm = 520 cm2

We know that the diagonal of a rectangle divides it into two congruent triangles.
Therefore, ΔABC and ΔADC are congruent.

∴Area (ΔABC) = Area (ΔADC)

In the given figure, it is seen that ΔABC and parallelogram ACEF lie on the same base AC and between
the same parallels AC and EF.

Thus, the area of parallelogram ACEF is 520 cm2.

Solution.5.

Given, ACDE is a rectangle and AE || CD.

⇒ AE || DB

It is given that, AB || EG.

∴ ABGE is a parallelogram.

The parallelograms on the same base and between the same parallels are equal in area.

∴ Area (ABGE) = Area (ACDE) ...(1)

If a triangle and a parallelogram lie on the same base and are between the same parallels, then the area of
the triangle is half the area of the parallelogram.

∴ Area (ΔABF) = area (ABGE)

⇒ Area (ΔABF) = area (ACDE) ...(2) [Using (1)]

It is known that, the median of a triangle divides it into triangles with equal areas.

∴ Area (ΔABF) = Area (ΔBCF)

area (ΔBCF) = area (ACDE) [Using (2)]

This proves the result.

Solution.6.

Let ABCD be a trapezium with AB||DC.

Let AB = a, DC = b, and AL = CM = h, where AL⊥DC and CM⊥AB.

Join A and C.
We have to prove that ar (trapezium ABCD) = × h × (a + b)

We have,

ar(trapezium ABCD) = ar (ΔABC) + ar (ΔACD)

⇒ ar (trapezium ABCD) = (AB × CM) + (DC × AL)

( Area of a triangle = × Base × Height)

⇒ ar (trapezium ABCD) = ah + bh

( AB = a and DC = b)

⇒ ar (trapezium ABCD) = h(a + b)

Thus, the area of a trapezium is half the product of its height and the sum of its parallel sides.

Solution.7.

It is given that E and F are mid-points of sides AB and AC respectively.

∴EF||BC (By mid-point theorem)

Now, ΔEBC and ΔFBC lie on the same base BC and between same parallels EF and BC.

∴ar (ΔEBC) = ar (ΔFBC)

⇒ ar (ΔEBC) − ar (ΔOBC) = ar (ΔFBC) − ar (ΔOBC)

⇒ ar (ΔBOE) = ar (ΔCOF) … (1)

Now, ΔFBC and ΔABF lie on the same base BF.

Also, F is the mid-point of AC and we know that a median divides the triangle into two triangles of equal
area.

∴ ar (ΔFBC) = ar (ΔABF)

⇒ ar (ΔFBC) − ar (ΔCOF) = ar (ΔABF)− ar (ΔBOE)


[ ar (ΔBOF) = ar (ΔCOF), using (1)]

⇒ ar (ΔOBC) = ar (quadrilateral AEOF)

Hence, proved

Solution.8.

Area (ΔAOD) = Area (ΔBOC)

⇒ Area (ΔAOD) + area (ΔAOB) = area (ΔBOC) + area (ΔAOB)

⇒ Area (ΔABD) = area (ΔABC)

If two triangles lie on the same base and are equal in area, then they lie between the same parallels.

Therefore, AB is parallel to CD.

Thus, ABCD is a trapezium.

Solution.9.

The parallelograms PQRS and ΔPQR lie on the same base PQ and between same parallels PQ and SR.

∴ ar (ΔPQR) = ar (parallelogram PQRS)

ar(parallelogram PQRS) = Base × Height

= SR × PT

= 28 cm × 36 cm

= 1008 cm2

∴ ar (ΔPQR) = × 1008 cm2

= 504 cm2

Solution.10.

(a) The square PQRS and the parallelogram PQBA lie on the same base PQ and between same parallels
PQ and BS.

∴ ar (square PQRS) = ar (parallelogram PQBA)

Now, ar (square PQRS) = (side)2= (15 cm)2= 225 cm2

∴ ar (parallelogram PQBA) = 225 cm2

(b) ΔABC and parallelogram PQBA lie on the same base AB and between same parallels SB and PC.
∴ ar (ΔABC) = ar (parallelogram PQBA)
Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles - MCQ
Solution.1.

ACDE is a parallelogram as AC||DE and AE||CD.

Similarly, ECDB is a parallelogram as CE||BD and CD||EB.

Now, parallelograms ACDE and ECDB lie on the same base CD and

between the same parallel lines AB and CD.

∴Area of ACDE = Area of ECDB

⇒ Area of ACDE − Area of ΔECD = Area of ECDB − Area of ΔECD

⇒ Area of ΔACE = Area of ΔBDE

Thus, the value of is 1.

The correct answer is B.

Solution.2.

Parallelograms on the same base and between the same parallels are equal in area.

∴Area (ABDE) = area (BCDE)

⇒ AB × EF = BG × CD

⇒ 4 cm × 6 cm = 8 cm × BG

⇒ BG = 3 cm

The correct answer is A.

Solution.3.

It is given that PQ||RS and PQ = RT

∴ PQ || RT and PQ = RT

∴Quadrilateral PQRT is a parallelogram.


[Since, if in a quadrilateral, a pair of opposite sides is equal and parallel, then the quadrilateral is
parallelogram]

Similarly, as PQ||SU and PQ = SU, quadrilateral PQSU is a parallelogram.

In the given figure it is seen that, parallelograms PQRT and PQSU lie on the same base PQ and between
the same parallel PQ and RU.

We know that, parallelograms on the same base and between the same parallels are equal in area.

Thus, parallelograms PQRT and PQSU have equal area.

The correct answer is B.

Solution.4.

AB || DE and AB = CD

∴ ABCD is a parallelogram

Similarly, ABEC is a parallelogram.

In the figure, ΔABC and parallelogram ABCD lie on the same base AB and between the same parallels
AB and DE.

Therefore, area of ΔABC is equal to half the area of parallelogram ABCD.

i.e., area of ΔABC = (area of parallelogram)

⇒ Area of parallelogram = 2 (area of ΔABC) = 2 (200) = 400 cm2.

The correct answer is A.

Solution.5.

It is given that PQ = RS and PQ || RS.

∴PQRS is a parallelogram.

Similarly, PRTU is also a parallelogram.

Each diagonal of a parallelogram divides it into two triangles of equal area.

∴ Area of ΔPRS

It can be noticed that ΔPRS and parallelogram PRTU lie on the same base PR and between the same
parallels PR and TU. Therefore, the area of ΔPRS is equal to half the area of parallelogram PRTU.

∴ Area of ΔPRS = area of parallelogram PRTU


⇒ Area of parallelogram PRTU = 2 × area of ΔPRS

= 2 × 400 cm2

= 800 cm2

∴ Area of the shaded region = area of PRTU − area of ΔPRS

= (800 − 400) cm2

= 400 cm2

Thus, the area of the shaded region is 400 cm2.

The correct answer is C.

Solution.6.

ABCD is a parallelogram

∴BC || AD

⇒ DE || BF

E and F as mid points of AD and BC.

∴DE = BF [AD = BC]

So, BEDF is a parallelogram.

⇒ BE || DF

Now, join EF.

Area of ΔEDF = ... (1)

Area of ΔBEF = ... (2)

Adding (1) and (2), we get

Area (ΔBEDF) =
The correct answer is C.

Solution.7.

It is given that, area (ABMN) = area (ΔABL)

⇒ ar (ABMN) − ar (ΔABM) = ar (ΔABL) − ar (ΔABM)

⇒ ar (ΔAMN) = ar (ΔAML)

ΔAMN and ΔAML lie on the same base AM and they have equal areas.

Therefore, ΔAMN and ΔAML must lie between the same parallels.

i.e., AM||NL

It is given that MN is the median of ΔAMC with respect to AC.

i.e., N is the mid-point of AC.

Therefore, by the converse of mid-point theorem, L is the mid-point of MC and

Thus, the value of AM:NL is 2:1.

The correct answer is A.

Solution.8.

As ABCE is a trapezium, therefore, AB is parallel to EC.

We know that triangles lying on the same base and between same parallels are equal in area.

Here, ΔAEC and ΔBEC lie on the same base EC and between the same parallels AB and EC.

∴ ar (ΔAEC) = ar (ΔBEC) = 72 cm2

We know that the diagonal of rectangle divides it into two triangles of equal area.

∴ ar (ΔAEC) = ar (ΔECD) = 72 cm2

Now, ar (BEDC) = ar (ΔBEC) + ar (ΔECD)

= 72 cm2 + 72 cm2

= 144cm2

The correct answer is B.

Solution.9.
Triangles on the same base (or equal bases) and between the same parallels are equal in area.

Area (ΔAFD) = area (ΔBFD) (∵AB||DF and triangles share the common base DF)

The correct answer is D.

Solution.10.

In the given figure, it can be seen that the triangles ADB, ABC, and AEB are on the same base AB and
between the same parallels AB and CE.

It is known that triangles on the same base and between the same parallels are equal in area.

∴ Area of ΔADB = area of ΔABC = area of ΔAEB = A (say)

Thus, the value of the given expression is .

The correct answer is C.

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