Information and Communication Technology (ICT) deals with the use of different communication technologies such as mobile

phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to locate, save, send and edit information.

Evolution of ICT can be traced back when humans started to use objects to communicate to one another.

Periods of ICT

1. Pre-Mechanical Period
2. Mechanical Period
3. Electromechanical Period
4. Electronic Period

World Wide Web (WWW)

Commonly known as the WEB; is an Information System where documents and other web resources are identified by
Uniform Resource Locators (URL), which may be interlinked by hypertext and accessible over the internet.
There are different types of Web:

1. Web 1.0 - When the World Wide Web was invented, most web pages were static. Static (also known as flat page or
stationary page) in the sense that the page is “as is” and cannot be manipulated by the user.
2. Web 2.0 - Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic web pages—the user is able to see a website differently
than others. Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites, hosted services, and web
applications.
Features of Web 2.0:
a) Folksonomy. It allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen keywords
b) Rich User Experience. Content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input. An example would be a website that shows
local content.
c) Long Tail. Services are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. In certain cases, time-based pricing is
better than file-size-based pricing or vice versa.
d) User Participation. The owner of the website is not the only one who is able to put content. Others are able to place a
content of their own by means of comment, reviews, and evaluation.
e) Software as a Service. Users will subscribe to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them. This is a
cheaper option if you do not always need to use a software.
f) Mass Participation. It is a diverse information sharing through universal web access. Since most users can use the
Internet, Web 2.0’s content is based on people from various cultures.
3. Web 3.0 – semantic web

Trends in ICT
1. Convergence - is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task.
2. Social Media - is a website, application, or online channels that enable web users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and
exchange user-generated content.

a. Social Networks. These are sites that allow you to connect with other people with the same interests or background.

b. Bookmarking Sites. These are sites that allow you to store and manage links to various websites and resources.

c. Social News. These are sites that allow users to post their own news items or links to other news sources.

d. Media Sharing. These are sites that allow you to upload and share media content like images, music, and video.

e. Microblogging. These are sites that focus on short updates from the user.

f. Blogs and Forums. These websites allow users to post their content.

3. Mobile Technologies - The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over the years. This is largely
because of the devices’ capability to do tasks that were originally found in personal computers.
4. Assistive Media - is a nonprofit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments. A database of
audio recordings is used to read to the user.
Rules of Netiquette

Internet Threats:

1. Malware – stands for malicious software

 Virus – a malicious program designed to replicate itself and transfer from one computer to another.
 Worm – a malicious program that transfer from one computer to another by any type of means.
 Trojan – a malicious program that is disguised as a useful program but ones downloaded or installed, it leaves your PC
unprotected.
 Spyware – a program that runs in the background without you knowing it. It has the ability to monitor what you are doing
and typing through keylogging.
 Adware – a program designed to send you advertisement, mostly pop-ups.
2. Spam – unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers. It can be used to send malware.

3. Phishing – Its goal is to acquire sensitive personal information like passwords and credit card details.

Copyright
 Copyright – a part of the law, wherein you have the rights to your work, and anyone who uses it your consent is punishable
by law.
 Fair use – means that intellectual property may be used without a consent as long as it is used in commentaries, criticisms,
search engines, parodies, news reports, research, library archiving, teaching, and education.
 Cybercrime – a crime committed or assisted through the use of the internet.
 Privacy Policy – tells the user how the website will handle its data.

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