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\cf8 \caps0 Changing Status of Women in Pakistan\uc1 \u160 ?}{\b1 \i0 \fs32
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\cf8 \caps0 Women in Pakistan has equal facilities for education and an effective
voice in the selection of their life partners. There are also a great number of
love marriages. Women are participating in social\uc1 \u160 ? and religious
gathering and has an absolute equality in the eyes of religion. In the family the
status of wife and mother is highly respected.}{\fs32 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
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\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \caps0 Women are now in much better
position in Indonesia than before. Muslim women in Indonesia are faring much better
than their counterparts in South Asia . Above all an gender empowerment measure
(GEM) indicator that concentrates on economic, political and professional
participation of women. Indonesian women have a strong sense of their Muslim
identity and through the prism of this identity they respond to socioeconomic
forces in their own way. Tough number of highly educated women in the professions
is still low compared to the developing countries. Though Indonesia is a
patriarchal society and the state ideology emphasizes the domestic role of women as
mother and wife yet women in Indonesia have achieved remarkable progress during the
last three decades. They have better access to labour markets education and health
facilities compared to their Muslim counterparts in South Asia and they are
confident of their future. It is time we looked to our South East Asian
counterparts for a sharing of experience and of cultural exchange.}{\i0 \fs32
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\loch \f0 \expnd0 \expndtw0 \chcbpat14 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052
\langfenp2052 \cf8 \caps0 During the Vedic period girls who through a course of
education were commonly from the higher sections of society in which some of the
women attained distinction in the real of theology and philosophy and a
considerable number of them took up teaching career. The age of marriage for girls
continued to be about 16 and they had some voice in the selection of their life
partners. Divorce was permitted to the wife though it was not extensively
utilised.}{\fs32 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \par }\pard \plain
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\cf8 \caps0 Since Independence the pace of change in the role and status of women
in Pakistan has been greatly accelerated. By virtue of various Acts, the role and
status of women has resin quite high. How the basic attitude of society and
specially of men towards the new role and status of women has not kept pace with
this change, leaving a wide gap and time lag. This gap is particularly noteworthy
when it comes for recognition by other family members of the husband. Moreover
there is still a large gap between the legal rights and the social attitude and
beliefs. This gap is continuing to retard the actual emancipation of women
particularly in smaller cities and villages.}{\i0 \fs32 \kerning2 \dbch \af2
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Although legally and theoretically women is now recognised as the social-equal of
man the institutions of caste the patriarchal
family religious mores and the prevailing values systems are still surcharged with
the spirit of male dominance.}{\i0 \fs32 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \expnd0 \expndtw0 \cf8 \caps0 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi0 \li0 \ri0 \sl360
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\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \caps0 The social attitude
towards working married women who mostly belong to the middle class educated
families has changed considerably. It is no longer derogatory for the wife or the
daughter in law to hold a role with the passage of time even elderly women of the
family not only adjust to their daughter in law taking up gainful employment but
also appreciate it. But while the attitude towards employment of women has changed
the attitude of the husband or of the in law towards her role and relationships in
the family or towards her status rights and privileges remains comparatively
unchanged. This puts the working women in a predicament. In spite of the added role
she undertakes as a working women and the additional income she bring to the family
she is expected to carry out the role of traditional housewife and do many
household chores with the help of other members or a servant. Men usually consider
household roles below their dignity. All this leads to martial maladjustment and in
family squabbles.}{\i0 \fs32 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \expnd0
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\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \caps0 Conflicting attitude of women
towards their role and status as wife affects their relationship adversely even
when she is educated and is an earning member of the family the husband's attitude
towards his employed wife's status or rights in the family with respect to her
privilege or right to spend her hard earned money has become a source of tension in
a number of cases. The wife is expected to hand over ll her salary to the husband
or in laws and is supposed to ask for her pocket money. The observation goes that
even as an earning member of the family the wife is deprived of the privilege like
her husband to spend the money earned by her the way she wants without his pride
permission.}{\i0 \fs32 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \expnd0
\expndtw0 \cf8 \caps0 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi0 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \caps0 Thus there is a lag between
changes in the attitude and behavior patterns and roles educated urban middle class
women want and expect to play as members of the family as well as members of the
society and the role that other members of their family and society want them to
play. There is also a gap between the status that women desire and expect feeling
strongly that they deserve it and the status and the family and society actually
given to them. Thus in the social structure of the tradition oriented family the
typical patterns of husband wife relationship, namely male dominance and female
dependence continues unabated. The husband enjoy the superior position over his
wife and the major decision making role continues to be the prerogative of the
husband. The wife has to tacitly accept the subservient position in the family and
her role in domestic sphere continues to be assumed. The Pakistani society is going
through a\uc1 \u160 ? process of readjustment in the already existing complex of
role sets on each person's traditionally assigned status set. The working wife has
new expectations of ending her marital frustration and disappointment and is
struggle for the same. Society's attitude in general is changing slowly towards
women's due role and status, although the pattern of male superiority in all fields
is still a dominating factor. The women is still considered to be inferior and the
weaker sex, although theoretically she has the right to divorce if her husband
tortures her. There is still so much of social ostracism attached to divorced women
that she seldom dares to have recourse to divorce on her own initiative even when
she is capable of being economically and financially independent.}{\i0 \fs32
\kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \expnd0 \expndtw0 \cf8 \caps0 \par }\pard
\plain \ql \fi0 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \keep0 \keepn0 \noline0
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\af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\i0 \fs32 \kerning0 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\cf8 \caps0 The position of women after independence has greatly impressed. The
authorities were correct in appreciating the need for the active cooperation of
women to have the way for national progress. Our constitution accordingly lays down
that our women shall have equal opportunities with men in the fields of education
employment and social, economic and political opportunities. The shall be entitles
to equal wages with men for equal work. They have also been given the right to seen
business to take up progressive occupations and professions and enjoy the right to
note in the political field. While the position may still not have improved in
village communities, in urban areas womenfolk are today enjoying position in every
walk of life. They are taking to all careers which were previously the preserve of
men like the police and Administrative Service. They hold executive and management
posts. They can become Misters. Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto remained Prime Minister of
Pakistan for long time.}{\i0 \fs32 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\expnd0 \expndtw0 \cf8 \caps0 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi0 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \caps0 Today Pakistan Women are trying
to become economically self-sufficient and do not want to be slaves to their
husbands in the old style. They have thrown overboard the purdah system. In Indian
Sati system has nearly abolished and now claim a share in the property. The women
are demanding more facilities for education and are farming. The women are
demanding more facilities for education and are farming very well in the
examination sometimes topping in the Universities.}{\i0 \fs32 \kerning2 \dbch
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