Composite Materials Federal Aviation

Administration
Handbook 17

Dr. Alfred Broz

CSTA (Nondestructive Inspection)
and Dr. Larry Ilcewicz
CSTA (Composites)
Federal Aviation Administration

Presented to: NDCM-XII

Outline
• What is the Composite Materials Handbook?
– Mission, Vision and Goals
– Thoughts from the CMH-17 Chairman
– History (timeline)
– CMH-17 Organization
• Approval Procedures for Working Groups
• Structure of the Handbook
Volume 1 Polymer Matrix Composites: Guidelines for Characterization of
Structural Materials
Volume 2 Polymer Matrix Composites: Material Properties
Volume 3 Polymer Matrix Composites: Materials Usage, Design and Analysis
Volume 4 Metal Matrix Composites
Volume 5 Ceramic Matrix Composites
Volume 6 Structural Sandwich Composites (Initial Release)
• Website
• Commercial Availability
• How to Get Involved in CMH-17

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What is the
Composite Materials Handbook?

CMH-17 Mission
The Composite Materials Handbook organization creates,
publishes and maintains proven, reliable engineering
information and standards, subjected to thorough technical
review, to support the development and use of composite
materials and structures.

CMH-17 Vision
The Composite Materials Handbook will be the
authoritative worldwide focal point for technical information
on composite materials and structures.

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 Actions to Support CMH-17 Mission

• To periodically meet with experts from the field

to discuss critical technical issues for composite structural applications, with
an emphasis on increasing overall product efficiency, quality and safety.
• Toprovide comprehensive, practical engineering
guidance that has proven reliable for the design, fabrication,
characterization, test and maintenance of composite materials and structures.
• To provide reliable data, linked to control of processes and raw
materials, thereby being a comprehensive source of material property basis
values and design information that can be shared within the industry.
• To provide a resource for composite material and
structure education with examples, applications and references to
supporting engineering work.

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 Actions to Support CMH-17 Mission,
(continued)

• To establishguidelines for use of information

in the Handbook, identifying the limitations of the data and methods.
• To provide guidance on references to proven standards and
engineering practices.
• To provide for periodic updates to maintain the all-inclusive
nature of the information.
• formats best-suited for user needs.
To provide information in
• To serve the needs of the international composites
community through meetings and dialogue between member industries,
which use teamwork and the diverse member engineering skills to provide
information for the handbook.

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Thoughts from CMH-17 Chairman
Larry Ilcewicz, FAA

• CMH-17 provides useful guidelines for the

characterization of composite materials used in
structural applications with some emphasis on
aerospace needs
• The data documented in CMH-17 provides a statistical
basis in material properties that are most useful in:
1) controlling stable materials & processes and
2) providing basic design properties
(useful for shared databases, which are not
specifically linked with structural details)
Caution: CMH-17 data will not provide all the test data needed to
substantiate structural design details for aerospace parts

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Thoughts from CMH-17 Chairman
Larry Ilcewicz, FAA
• CMH-17 provides technical guidance on
material & process control, design, analysis, testing,
structural substantiation and maintenance, including:
a) manufacturing quality control
b) bonded and bolted joints
c) damage resistance, durability & damage tolerance
d) repair and inspection, and
e) other special considerations (e.g., crashworthiness)
• The CMH-17 organization is integrally linked with
FAA/EASA/TCCA composite safety and certification
initiatives, which focus on current industry needs
– It also links with the other international standards org. (SAE, ASTM)
• CMH-17 is not a “complete handbook” with all the
solutions for aerospace composite applications
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History

2011-2012 Release of Rev G – CMH-17 Handbooks

2006 Transition from Army to FAA as Primary Sponsor
Established Roadmap to New Composite Materials
Handbook “Release G”
2004 Joint Meetings with CACRC, SAE-P17
2002 MIL-HDBK-17 Vol. 1F, 2F, 3F, 4A, 5
Commercial Publication through ASTM
1999 MIL-HDBK-17 Vol. 2E,Vol. 4
1998 Joint Meetings with ASTM D-30
1997 MIL-HDBK-17 Vol. 1E,3E
1996 CMC Coordination Group Formed
PMC: Polymer Matrix Composites
1993 MMC Coordination Group Formed
1990 First PMC Data Set Approved MMC: Metal Matrix Composites
1988 MIL-HDBK-17B Vol. 1 Release CMC: Ceramic matrix Composites
1986 Secretariat Added
1978 Coordination Group Formed
1971 MIL-HDBK-17A Plastics for Aerospace Vehicles
1959 MIL-HDBK-17 Plastics for Air Vehicles
1943 ANC Bulletin 17 Plastics for Aircraft

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 MIL-17 to CMH-17 Transition

• The CMH-17 organization is transitioning to a non-profit

organization that holds the copyright to the handbook and data

• CMH-17 is focused on becoming a self-sustaining organization

through sales of handbooks and tutorials (requirement to post free
copies on DoD archive site no longer holds)

• DoD no longer funds military handbooks

• The FAA is the primary sponsor of the handbook

• Name and logo change to

“Composite Materials Handbook 17 (CMH-17)”

• Website: http(s)://www.cmh17.org (to be discussed further)

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 The CMH-17 Organization
~ 120 volunteers attend PMC Handbook Chairmen
Larry Ilcewicz, FAA
meetings Curt Davies, FAA

~ 300 total members on PMC,

CMC, and MMC rosters Executive Group CMC Coordination Group
(PMC, MMC & CMC WG Chairs) Steve Gonczy, Gateway Materials
Ruth Sikorsky, WPAFB
Secretariat
Materials Sciences Corp

PMC Coordination Group MMC Coordination Group

Larry Ilcewicz, FAA John Kleek, WPAFB
Dana Granville, ARL Brad Lerch, NASA
Permanent Working Groups

Testing Data Review Supportability Materials & Processes

John Tomblin, Wichita State Univ Bud Westerman, Boeing Margaret Roylance, Natick - Army
Dan Adams, Univ. of Utah
Curt Davies, FAA Lawrence Coulter , USAF Daniel Ruffner, Boeing Helicopter
John Moylan, Delsen Testing
Peter Shyprykevich

Spacecraft Statistics Safety Management Guidelines

Mark Kistner, AFRL Beth Clarkson, WSU Larry Ilcewicz, FAA
Bjorn F. Backman, Carl Rousseau, LM/Aero-FW
Curt Davies, FAA
Thomas Wong, T. Wong Consultants Structured Research Steve Ward, SW Composites

Sandwich Composites Crashworthiness

Larry Gintert, CTC Paolo Feraboli, U. of Washington
Melanie Violette, FAA Mostafa Rassaian, Boeing

Specialized Data Develop.

Gene Camponeschi, NAVSEA
Dana Granville, ARL

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Individual Working Group Goals

Working Group Goal

Guidelines To develop and document generic guidance information and data which
is essential for the adequate design, certification or qualification, and
production of composite parts and assemblies.

Materials & To provide guidelines, descriptions and case studies of material and
processing options for the characterization and fabrication of polymer
Processes matrix composite materials

Data Review • To provide the final technical/editorial review of all data prior to review
by full coordination group
• To provide a review of the application of the data documentation
requirements to the actual data being supplied
• To develop formats for data presentation in the handbook
• To establish the data documentation requirements for the handbook

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Individual Working Group Goals

Working Group Goal

Statistics Analyzes and/or develops statistical procedures for composite material
evaluation and quality control, and provides other statistical support to
the Handbook as directed by the Guidelines Working Group. The
Statistics working group spans the three coordination groups with co-
chairs for metal matrix and ceramic matrix composites.

Testing To offer descriptive and guidance information relating to the usage of

chemical, physical and mechanical test methods for polymer matrix
composites and their constituents.
• Inform the reader of advantages and shortcomings of the various
methods used in the industry
• Provide a basis for test method selection
• To identify specific test methods to be used when data is submitted to
CMH-17 for consideration for inclusion in Volume 2 of the handbook

Supportability To provide useful guidelines in the design of repairs for composite

structures. The group is in the process of finalizing the Supportability
chapter.

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Individual Working Group Goals

Working Group Goal

Composites for Addresses the special concerns related to the application of polymer
matrix composites in a space environment, including the introduction of
Space additional physical property measurements into the handbook. In
addition, the group will encourage the inclusion of material property
data of interest to the spacecraft community

Specialized Data Deals with the issues that arise in non-traditional forms of composite
materials including textiles, 3-D reinforcements, and thick section
Development composites. In addition, the group deals with the particular technical
issues related to non-aerospace applications

Sandwich Responsible for the creation of a Structural Sandwich Composites

Volume. The group is reviewing and revising the material in MIL-HDBK-
23. New sections may be created to reflect technology changes since
the last revision of MIL-HDBK-23

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Individual Working Group Goals

Working Group Goal

Crashworthiness Provide support for the development of a new chapter on composite
Crashworthiness and Energy Management for vehicle safety certification. The
Crashworthiness Working Group will also attempt to address needs of the
composites and vehicle safety community at large, and to provide a unique
forum of discussion for those working in industry, research institutions, and
government agencies. The group will recommend design guidelines and
practices for the experimental and numerical characterization of the crash
resistance of advanced composites.

Safety Responsible for managing the elements of vehicle structural safety, which
include requirements, design criteria, quality control, damage considerations,
Management inspection, education and continuous service data monitoring throughout a
vehicle’s life cycle. Safety management relies on integration of the efforts by
design, manufacturing, maintenance and operations disciplines. It is also driven
by service experience and an international mandate to improve safety statistics
as future fleets of a given vehicle type expand. The Safety Management WG
currently has three Task Groups:
• Structural Safety • Debonding and Delamination • Damage Tolerance

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Approval Procedures

Working
Working Group
Group internally
internally makes
makes
writing
writing assignments
assignments and and generates
generates Sections
Sections submitted
submitted toto Secretariat
Secretariat for
for
aa draft.
draft. May
May iterate
iterate within
within group
group inclusion
inclusion in
in Yellow
Yellow Pages
Pages
until
until acceptable
acceptable

Yellow
Yellow pages
pages go
go to
to all
all “members”
“members”
Publication
Publication for
for technical
technical comment
comment

Yellow
Yellow pages
pages go go to
to Coordination.
Coordination. Final
Final Secretariat
Secretariat tries
tries to
to resolve
resolve comments.
comments.
technical
technical comments
comments may may bebe resolved
resolved May
May make
make editorial
editorial changes.
changes.
at
at meeting.
meeting. IfIf not
not accepted,
accepted, return
return to
to
WG
WG for for revision.
revision.

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Data Approval Process

Data
Data Source
Source Secretariat
Secretariat
-Material
-Material Supplier
Supplier -Data
-Data documentation
documentation
-User
-User -Data
-Data analysis
analysis
-Government
-Government Program
Program -Formatting
-Formatting of
of data
data

Additional
Additional
Info
Info
Needed
Needed
Released
Released Data
Data

Data
Data Review
Review Working
Working Group
Group
-Detailed
-Detailed review
review
Full
Full Handbook
Handbook -Cross
-Cross section
section of
of industry
industry
Group
Group Review
Review suppliers,
suppliers, users,
users, academia,
academia,
(Yellow
(Yellow Pages)
Pages) government
government

Composite material Handbook 17 (CMH-17)

8 + Months Federal Aviation 16 16
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Structure of the Handbook

Vol. 1 Polymer Matrix Composites: Guidelines for Characterization of

Structural Materials

Vol. 2 Polymer Matrix Composites: Material Properties

Vol. 3 Polymer Matrix Composites: Materials Usage, Design and

Analysis

Vol. 4 Metal Matrix Composites

Vol. 5 Ceramic Matrix Composites

Vol. 6 Structural Sandwich Composites (Initial Release)

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 Release Status

• CURRENTLY AVAILABLE
• Volumes 1-3, Release F (PMC)
• Volume 4, Release A (MMC)
• Volume 5, Initial Release (CMC)

• Group is now working on next revision, target publication dates –

2011 – 2012 (Volumes 1-3 released in 2011, other Volumes in 2012)
• Between-release versions available to group members as a draft
working copy on website
• Major changes in Volumes 1-3
• Data added to Volume 4
• New design chapters in Volume 5
• New Volume 6

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Volume 1: Polymer Matrix Composites
Guidelines for Characterization of Structural Materials

Volume 1 documents material characterization

data development methodology guidelines
adaptable to a wide variety of needs, as well as
specific requirements to be met by data published
in the handbook
Significant Rev. G changes in green italics
1. Objectives
2. Guidelines for Property Testing of Composites
• Test Program Planning
• Recommended Test Matrices
• Material Testing for Submission of Data to CMH-17
3. Evaluation of Reinforcement Fibers
4. Matrix Characterization
5. Prepreg Materials Characterization 7. Structural Element Characterization
6. Lamina, Laminate and Special Form characterization 8. Statistical Methods
• Thermal/Physical/Electrical Property Tests • Revision of chapter outline
• Static Uniaxial Mechanical Property Tests • Major revisions to 8.3 Calculation of
• Space Environmental Effects on Material Properties Statistically-Based Material Properties
• Flowchart with detailed notation

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Volume 2: Polymer Matrix Composites
Material Properties

Volume 2 provides a repository of material data.

The documented property summaries for material
systems provide data meeting the criteria for any of the clearly defined
material data classes: robust and reduced A-Basis, robust, reduced
and pooled B-Basis, mean, interim, and screening.
1. General Information Significant Rev. G changes in green italics
• Definitions
• Material Orientation Codes
• Presentation of Data
2. Carbon Fiber Composites
•- Complete Documentation
- MIL-HDBK-17 Rev F Legacy Data
3. Boron Fiber Composites
•- MIL-HDBK-17 Rev F Legacy Data
4. Glass Fiber Composites 5. Quartz Fiber Composites
•- Complete Documentation •- MIL-HDBK-17 Rev F Legacy Data
- MIL-HDBK-17 Rev F Legacy Data
Appendix MIL-HDBK-17A Data

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 Volume 2, Materials Properties That
Have Complete Documentation

Chapter Update
2.2 Carbon Fiber Composites • T700GC 12k/2510 Unidirectional Tape
• T700 24k/E765 Unidirectional Tape
• HTA 5131 3k/M20 Plain Weave Fabric
• T700SC 12k/2510 Plain Weave Fabric
• T300 6k/E765 Five-Harness Satin Weave Fabric
• T300 3k/E765 Plain Weave Fabric
• AS4C 3k/HTM45 8-Harness Satin Weave Fabric
• AS4C 3k/HTM45 Plain Weave Fabric
• HTA 5131 3k/Epocast52 A/B Plain Weave Fabric (wet layup)
4.2 Glass Fiber Composites • 7781/2510 Eight-Harness Satin Weave Fabric

• New data sets analyzed with the latest statistical procedures,

including pooling across environmental conditions and modified CV
approach for basis value calculations when appropriate.
• New outline categorizing materials by documentation and
specification requirements

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 Volume 3: Polymer Matrix Composites
Materials Usage, Design, and Analysis

Volume 3 provides technical guidance on a wide variety

of disciplines related to polymer matrix composites, including the use
of data for the design and evaluation of composite structures. This
volume has recently undergone a major reorganization to increase
usability. Four new chapters will be added for the next publication, as
well as many additions and revisions throughout.
9. Structural Stability Analyses
Significant Rev. G changes in green italics 10. Design and Analysis of Bonded Joints
1. General Information 11. Design and Analysis of Bolted Joints
2. Intro to Composite Structure Development 12. Damage Resistance, Durability and
3. Aircraft Structure Certification and Compliance Damage Tolerance
4. Building Block Approach for Structures 13. Defects, Damage and Inspection
5. Materials and Processes – The Effects of Variability 14. Supportability, Maintenance & Repair
on Composite Properties 15. Thick Section Composites
6. Quality Control of Production Materials & Processes 16. Crashworthiness and Energy Management
7. Design of Composites 17. Structural Safety Management
8. Analysis of Laminates 18. Environmental Management

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Volume 4: Metal Matrix Composites

Volume 4 covers technology and materials for metal matrix

composites primarily used in aircraft engine components,
spacecraft, and other high temperature applications. Material data
include fiber, matrix, and composite material properties.
1. Guidelines
• Test Plans for Materials Characterization
• New testing sections
• Corrosion and Corrosion Test Methods Significant Rev. changes in green italics
2. Design Guidelines for Metal Matrix Materials
• Analysis Approaches (continuous fiber MMC)
• New section on Macromechanics 3.7 Magnesium Matrix Composite Properties
3. Materials Properties Data • Corrosion Tables
3.1 General Information 3.8 Titanium Matrix Composite Properties
3.2 Reinforcement Properties 3.9 Other Matrix Composites
• SCS-6 Fiber
3.3 Properties of Matrix Materials Appendix A. Typical Pushout Test Data
3.4 Fiber Coating Properties Appendix B. Raw Data Tables for Matrix Materials
3.5 Aluminum Matrix Composite Properties Appendix C. Raw Data Tables for MMC Materials
3.6 Copper Matrix Composite Properties

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Volume 5: Ceramic Matrix Composites

Volume 5 includes information on relevant,

commercially available CMC composite systems
describing: system properties and their process methods;
testing and characterization methods, mechanical properties and
databases and design guidance tailored to CMCs. Material data
summaries of six CMC systems are included.
Part A. Introduction and Guidelines
Significant Rev. changes in green italics
Part B. Design and Supportability
• Reorganization of this section
• New section on CMCs for Aircraft Turbine Engines
• New section on Design of Attachments for CMCs in Engines
Part C. Testing
• Thermo-Mechanical-Physical Test Methods, revision of this chapter
Part D. Data Requirements and Data Sets
• CMC Property Data includes SiC/SiC, Carbon/SiC, Oxide/Oxide, SiC/Si3N4
Appendix A. Derivation of the Residual Strength Reduction Expressions for LCF and
Rupture Loadings

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Volume 6: Sandwich Composites

Volume 6 provides an updated living document

describing proper design philosophy and guidance for
sandwich composite structures. The primary source for this
volume is MIL-HDBK-23.
Completely NEW volume including the most up to
date guidance on use of sandwich composite
materials and critical sections of MIL-HANDBOOK-23
1. General Information
2. Guidelines for Property Testing
3. Material Data
4. Design and Analysis of Sandwich Structures
5. Fabrication of Sandwich Structures
6. Quality Control
7. Supportability

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 Member Web Site
• https://www.cmh17.org
• Current working draft of the handbook
• Available in PDF format
• Access to working group bulletin boards
• Contact information for working group chairs
• Upcoming meeting info including agendas, discussion topics
• Past meeting documents including presentations, minutes
• Access -
• Meeting Attendees: CMH-17 attendees receive log-in information as part of meeting
registration fee (valid for 16 months)
• By Purchase: Website access can also be purchased directly if attending the
meeting is not possible ($250 for 16 months)
• Access to Volume 2 Annex is currently ITAR restricted
(public release planned for Revision G)
• List of users that have access to ITAR restricted information is updated after each meeting.
• DD2345 form or copy of government ID required for access to ITAR restricted information

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 Commercial Availability

• ASTM Publishing offers the printed and CD-ROM

versions of Volumes 1F, 2F, 3F, 4A, 5
• $121 per volume
• $605 for CD-ROM version
• $715 for bundled version (5 volumes + CD)

• www.astm.org
• Click on “Books & Journals”
• Search for “Composite Materials Handbook”

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How to Get Involved in CMH-17

• Get on the mailing list (handbook@materials-sciences.com)

• Attend Meetings
• Presentations
• Industry status and practice
• Technical talks on topics related to material allowables, qualification, and
design practice
• Discussion and debates on current handbook topics
• Affect the direction of the handbook
• Particularly looking for inputs from broader range of industries
• Provide input of user needs and concerns
• Become an active volunteer for one or more of the Working
Groups
• Be a contributor
• Provide data

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 Meeting Schedule

• When: CMH-17 Coordination Group meets

every 8 months (+/- 2 mos)
– Next meeting: Fall, 2011 (specific dates TBD) in Seattle, WA
• Who: Joint meetings with NCAMP (National Center
for Advanced Materials Performance) and ASTM D30
• Where: Generally alternating East Coast, West Coast
sites (currently linking to FAA engineering facilities)
• Recent Meetings in Ottawa, Salt Lake City, Atlanta,
Costa Mesa, Kansas City

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 Questions?

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