Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Other Resources
Films
The Birth of Pakistan (1990)
On August 15, 1947, Pakistan was born. As the former Indian provinces debated whether to be
part of India or Pakistan, religious differences flared into full-scaled rioting, which led to large-
scale migration; millions moved from India to Pakistan, and vice versa. This program documents
the birth of the new country; the death of Mohammed Ali Jinnah, leader of the Moslem League;
the economics and political problems of the new country; the Indus Water Treaty; the war in
Kashmir; the independence of Bangladesh and the resulting war with India; the rise and fall of
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto; Zia’s assumption of power and adoption of strict Islamic rule; the impact
of the war in Afghanistan the death of Zia and the election of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s daughter,
Benazir. (20 minutes)
Earth (1998)
Directed by Deepa Mehta, Earth, an India/Canada co-production, is a thoughtful examination
of a circle of friends and acquaintances affected by the Partition. A scoundrel uses communal
violence as an excuse for retaliation against a romantic rival. The film is based on Bapsi Sidhwa’s
novel Cracking India; Sidhwa co-wrote the screenplay with Mehta. Contains brutal scenes of
communal carnage. (110 minutes)
Sec4:123
Appendix
have expanded at once unthinkable rates and presents chilling footage of a mother encouraging
her toddler to be a martyr when he grows up. Mixing political analysis with interviews with
activist colleagues, noted Islamic scholars and Pakistani women who have chosen to embrace
fundamentalism, Sumar’s provocative questions dramatically capture the tension between liberal
and fundamentalist forces that are shaping life in contemporary Pakistan. (53 mins.)
Gandhi (1982)
Sir Richard Attenborough’s multiple-Oscar winner (including Best Picture, Best Director, and
Best Actor for Ben Kingsley) is an engrossing, reverential look at the life of Mohandas K. Gandhi,
who introduced the doctrine of nonviolent resistance to the colonized people of India and who
ultimately gained the nation its independence. Kingsley is magnificent as Gandhi as he changes
over the course of the three-hour film from an insignificant lawyer to an international leader and
symbol. Strong on history (the historic division between India and Pakistan, still a huge problem
today, can be seen in its formative stages here) as well as character and ideas, this is a fine film. (3
hours)
Lagaan (2002)
Queen Victoria’s India. The Year is 1893. Champaner…a village in Central India. On the
outskirts of the village stands a British cantonment, commanded by Captain Russell- an arrogant
capricious man who wields the power of life and death over the villages under his jurisdiction.
LAGAAN – a story of battle without bloodshed. Fought by a group of unlikely heroes led by
Bhuvan and energetic farmer with courage born of conviction- and a dream in his heart. Helped
by Elizabeth, an English rose who came to India and lost her heart, and Bhuvan’s pillar of
strength, Gauri, the young and perky village girl who dreams of a home with the man she loves.
(225 mins.)
Sec4:124
Appendix
Web Sites
“Conflict between India, Pakistan runs deep.” Author Not Given. CNN Interactive. 1997.
http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9708/India97/shared/sibling.rivalry/#1
(A short article that outlines the main points to this conflict.)
“Partition of 1947 - India - Pakistan: Some scattered resources.” Harsh Kapoor for the South Asia Citizens
Web. 2007.
http://www.sacw.net/partition/
(A collection of online articles and other resources.)
Bhalla, Alok. The Life and Works of Saadat Hasan Manto. Simla: Indian Institute of
Advanced Study, 1997.
Cowasjee, S. and Duggal, K. S., eds. Orphans of the Storm: Stories on the Partition of India. New
Delhi: UBS Publishers, 1995.
Collins, Larry and Dominique Lapierre. Freedom at Midnight. London: HarperCollins,
Sec4:125
Appendix
1997.
Hasan, Murhirul, ed. India Partitioned: The Other Face of Freedom. 2 vols. New Delhi: Roli Books,
1995.
Husain, Intizar. Basti. Trans. Francis Pritchett. New Delhi: INDUS/an imprint of HarperCollins
PublishersIndia, 1995.
Manto, Saadat Hasan. Kingdom’s End and Other Stories. Trans. Khalid Hasan. Delhi: Penguin,
1987.
The majority of stories by this Urdu writer from Punjab revolve around the end of the Raj,
Partition and communalism. His stories include “Thanda Gosht,” “Khol Do,” “Toba Tek Singh,”
“Iss Manjdhar Mein,” “Mozalle,” “Babu Gopi Nath” etc. Some of his characters became legendary.
Manto, Saadat Hasan. Partition Sketches and Stories. New Delhi: Viking, 1991.
Manto, Saadat Hasan. Black Milk: A Collection of Short Stories. Trans. Hamid Jalal. Lahore: Sang-
e-Meel Publications, 1997.
Memon, M. U. An Epic Unwritten: The Penguin Book of Partition Stories. New Delhi: Penguin,
1998.
Sec4:126
Appendix
Bibliography
Ahmad, Jamiluddin ed. Jinnah: Speeches and Writings Vol. II. Lahore: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf,
1947.
Anand, Som. Lahore: Portrait of a Lost City. Lahore: Vanguard Books Pvt. Ltd., 1998.
Ansari, Nasim. Choosing To Stay: Memoirs of and Indian Muslim, trans. Ralph Russell. New Delhi:
City Press, 1999.
Butalia, Urvashi. The Other Side of Silence: Voices from the Partition of India. Durham: Duke
University Press, 2000.
Butalia, Urvashi. “An Archive with a Difference: Partition Letters.” In The Partitions of Memory: The
Afterlife of the Division of India, ed. Suvir Kaul. Delhi: Permanent Black, 2001.
Anand, Som. Lahore: Portrait of a Lost City. Lahore: Vanguard Books Pvt. Ltd., 1998.
Campbell-Johnson, Alan. Mission with Mountbatten. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1953.
Chandar, Krishan. “Amritsar: Azadi se Pahle.” In Fasadat ke Afsane, ed. Hasan Abbas Raza, 13-18.
Islamabad: Dost Publications, 1999.
______. “Amritsar: Azadi ke Bad.” In Fasadat ke Afsane, ed. Hasan Abbas Raza, 19-31. Islamabad:
Dost Publications, 1999.
Chowdhry, B.A. “What We Lost to Taste Freedom.” In Lahore: 1947, ed. Ahmad Salim, 63-71.
Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2003.
Chughtai, Ismat. “Jaren.” In Fasadat ke Afsane, ed. Hasan Abbas Raza, 63-72. Islamabad: Dost
Publications, 1999.
Collins, Larry and Dominique Lapierre. Freedom at Midnight. London: HarperCollins, 1997.
Das, Veena. “Specificities: Oral Narratives, Rumour, and the Social Production of Hate.” Social
Identities Vol. 4, Issue 1 (Feb. 1998): 109-130.
Faiz, Ahmad Faiz. “Freedom’s Dawn.” In Nuskh ha-e-Vafa. Lahaur: Maktabah-yi Karvan, 1984.
Gandhi, Mohandas K. The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi LXXXIX: August 1, 1947-
November 10, 1947. New Delhi: The Publications Div. Government of India, 1983.
Gilmartin, David. “Partition, Pakistan, and South Asian History: In Search of a Narrative.” The
Journal of Asian Studies Vol. 57, No. 4 (Nov., 1998): 1068-1095.
Gopal, S., and Uma Iyengar. The Essential Writings of Jawaharlal Nehru Vol. I. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2003.
Sec4:127
Appendix
Hasan, Mushirul, ed. India Partitioned. Vol. 2. New Delhi: Lotus Collection, 1995.
Hasan, Mushirul.. Legacy of a Divided Nation: India’s Muslims Since Independence. Boulder: Westview
Press, 1997.
Husain, Intizar. Basti. Translated by Frances W. Pritchett. New Delhi: Indus, 1995.
Jafri, Ali Sardar. My Journey: Selected Poems of Ali Sardar Jafri, Urdu Poems with English Translation.
New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1999.
Jalal, Ayesha. The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League and the Demand for Pakistan.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
______. “Conjuring Pakistan: History as Official Imagining.” International Journal of Middle East
Studies Vol. 27, No. 1 (Feb. 1995): 73-89.
______. Democracy and Authoritarianism in South Asia: A Comparative and Historical Perspective.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
______. Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850. London:
Routledge, 2000.
Jalal, Ayesha, and Sugata Bose. Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy. London:
Routledge, 1997.
Kamra, Sukeshi. Bearing Witness: Partition, Independence, End of the Raj. Calgary: University of
Calgary Press, 2002.
Kashmiri, S. “Humiliated and Harassed They Left.” In India Partitioned, ed. Mushirul Hasan, 2:154-
166. New Delhi: Lotus Collection, 1995.
Khan, Yasmin. The Great Partition: The Making of India and Pakistan. New Haven: Yale University
Press, 2007.
Kumar, Krishna. Prejudice and Pride: School Histories of the Freedom Struggle in India and Pakistan.
New Delhi: Penguin Books, 2002.
Manto, Saadat Hasan. “Khol Do.” In Fasadat ke Afsane, ed. Hasan Abbas Raza, 9-12. Islamabad:
Dost Publications, 1999.
Manto, Saadat Hasan. A Wet Afternoon: Stories, Sketches, Reminiscences. Trans. Khalid Hasan.
Islamabad: Alhamra Publishing, 2001.
Menon, Ritu and Kamla Bhasin. Borders and Boundaries: Women in India’s Partition. New Brunswick,
New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1998.
Neal, Arthur G. National Trauma and Collective Memory: Major Events in the American Century.
Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1998.
Sec4:128
Appendix
Pandey, Gyanendra. Remembering Partition: Violence, Nationalism and History in India. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Phillips, C.H., H.L. Singh and B.N. Pandey. The Evolution of India and Pakistan 1858-1947: Select
Documents. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.
Portelli, Alessandro. The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral
History. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991.
Rizvi, Hasa-Askari. Military, State and Society in Pakistan. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel, 2003.
Robinson, Francis. Separatism Among Indian Muslims: The Politics of the United Provinces’ Muslims,
1860-1923. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974.
Seal, Anil. The Emergence of Indian Nationalism: Competition and Collaboration in the Later Nineteenth
Century. London: Cambridge University Press, 1968.
Singh, Khushwant. Train to Pakistan with Photographs by Margaret Bourke-White. New Delhi: Roli
Books Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
Tan, Tai Yong and Gyanesh Kudaisya. The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia. London: Routledge,
2000.
Thompson, Paul. The Voice of the Past: Oral History. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2000.
Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History. Boston: Beacon
Press, 1995.
Von Tunzelmann, Alex. Indian Summer: The Secret History of the End of an Empire. New York:
Henry Holt and Company, LLC., 2007.
Zamindar, Wazira Fazila-Yacoobali. The Long Partition and the Making of Modern South Asia:
Refugees, Boundaries, Histories. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.
Historic Newspapers
The Dawn, New Delhi, India.
The Dawn, Karachi, Pakistan.
The Pioneer, Lucknow, India.
Civil and Military Gazette, Lahore, Pakistan.
Sec4:129
Appendix
http://mospi.nic.in/
Government of Pakistan, Statistics Division
http://www.statpak.gov.pk/
The World Bank: India
http://www.worldbank.org.in
The World Bank: Pakistan
http://www.worldbank.org.pk
Wikipedia
http://www.wikipedia.org/
Sec4:130
Partition and War
Mohandas K. Gandhi
Jawaharlal Nehru
Mohammad Ali Jinnah
Golden Temple of the Sikhs
Viceroy Mountbatten
Cyril Radcliffe
The Badshahi Mosque
and Old City of Lahore
Sikh Man
New Delhi, India
Lahore to Amritsar is 28 miles
Austin to
San Marcos
is 30 miles
Approximately 15 million people migrated during the Partition of India in 1947--
7.2 million people in each direction.
That is the equivalent to a total migration that is double the combined populations of
Houston and Austin.
In the first two weeks after Hurricane Katrina in 2005, 375,000 people migrated.
This was the largest migration in America in the last 150 years.
Partition in the Classroom:
Partition in the Classroom:
Partition in the Classroom:
Introduction to Oral History
“Oral History… tells us less about events than
about their meaning.”
Alessandro Portelli, The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and
Meaning in Oral History, 50.
What are we looking for?
Stories