DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURG

CHAPTER WISE THEORETICAL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Class-XII [ PHYSICS ]
Electrostatics-

1. Derive an expression for the electric field at a point on the axial position of an
electric dipole.
2. Derive an expression for the electric field at a point on the equatorial position of an
electric dipole.
3. Derive an expression for the torque on an electric dipole in a uniform electric field.
4. Derive an expression for the work done in rotating an electric dipole in a uniform
electric field
5. Derive an expression for the energy stored (Potential Energy) in a dipole in a uniform electric
field.
6. Define electric potential at a point. Derive an expression for the electric potential at a point
due to (a) a point charge (b) a system of point charges (c) a dipole.
7. Show that the work done in an electric field is independent of path.
8. State Gauss theorem and apply it to find the electric field at a point due to (a) a line of charge
(b) A plane sheet of charge (c) A Charged spherical conducting shell
9. State Coulomb's law and express it in vector form. Derive it using Gauss theorem.
10. Derive an expression for the energy stored in a capacitor. Show that whenever two conductors
share charges by bringing them into electrical contact, there is a loss of energy.
11. Derive an expression for the effective capacitance when capacitors are connected in (a) series
and (b) parallel
12. Explain the principle of a capacitor and derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel
plate capacitor.
13. Derive an expression for the electrostatic potential energy of a system of point charges
14. Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with (a) a dielectric slab
(b) a metallic plate in between the plates of the capacitor.
15. What are dielectrics? Distinguish polar and nonpolar dielectrics. Define the term Polarization
vector.

Current Electricity-

1. Define drift velocity and derive an expression for it.

2. Derive the expression I=nAevd
3. Deduce Ohm's law from elementary ideas and hence write an expression for resistance and
resistivity.
4. Derive an expression for conductivity in terms of mobility
5. Explain the color coding of carbon resistors.
6. Derive an expression for the current in a circuit with external resistance R when (a) n identical
cells of emf E and internal resistance r are connected in series (b) m identical cells are
connected in parallel
7. State and explain Kirchhoff’s laws.
8. State and explain the principle of Wheat Stone's principle. Deduce it using Kirchhoff’s laws.
9. Describe how you will determine the resistance of a given wire using Meter Bridge.
10. Explain the principle of a potentiometer. Describe how will you determine (a) the ratio of emfs
of two primary cells using potentiometer. (b) The internal resistance of a primary cell using
potentiometer.
11. Explain the variation of resistance and resistivity with temperature and hence define
 temperature coefficient of resistance and resistivity.

Magnetic Effect of Current

1. State Biot- Savart law and apply it to find the magnetic field due to a circular loop carrying
current at a point (a) at its centre (b) on the axis
2. State Ampere's circuital law and apply it to find the magnetic field (a) inside a current carrying
solenoid (b) inside a current carrying toroid
3. Apply Ampere's circuital law to determine the magnetic field at a point due to a long straight
current carrying conductor.
4. Derive an expression for the force on a current carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field
5. Derive an expression for the force between long straight conductors carrying current and hence
define 1 ampere.
6. Derive an expression for the torque on a current carrying loop in a uniform magnetic field.
7. Describe the principle construction and working of a Moving coil galvanometer.
8. Describe the conversion of a moving coil galvanometer into (a) Ammeter (b) Voltmeter
9. What is radial magnetic field? What is its importance in a moving coil galvanometer? How is a
radial magnetic field realized in moving coil galvanometers?
10. Describe the principle construction and working of a cyclotron. Explain why an electron
cannot be accelerated using a cyclotron.
11. Describe the motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field when it enters the field (a)
perpendicular to the field lines (b) obliquely making and angle Θ with the field lines
12. Derive an expression for the magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron and hence define
Bohr magneton.

Electromagnetic Induction (EMI)-

1. State and Explain Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction.()

2. State Lenz' Law and show that it is in accordance with the law of conservation of energy.
3. Use Lenz' law to find the direction of induced emf in a coil when (a) a north pole is
brought towards the coil (b) north pole taken away from the coil (c) A south pole is brought
towards the coil and (d) a south pole is taken away from the coil, Draw illustrations in each
case.
4. What is motional emf. Deduce an expression for it. State Fleming's right hand rule to find the
direction of induced emf.
5. What are eddy currents? Describe the applications of eddy currents.
6. Explain the working of (a) Electromagnetic Brakes (b) Induction Furnace
7. Which physical quantity is called the INERTIA OF ELECTRICITY? Why is its called so?
8. Define self induction and self inductance. What is its unit? Write its dimensions.
9. Derive an expression for the self inductance of a long solenoid.
10. Explain the phenomenon of mutual induction and define mutual inductance. Write the unit and
dimensions of mutual inductance.
11. What are the factors affecting mutual inductance of a pair of coils? Define coefficient of
coupling.
12. Describe the various methods of producing induced emf. Derive an expression for the
instantaneous emf induced in a coil rotated in a magnetic field.
13. What is displacement current? Explain its need.
 Alternative Current-

1. Describe the principle construction and working of an AC generator. Draw neat labeled
diagram
2. Define mean value of AC(over a half cycle) and derive an expression for it.
3. Define RMS value of AC and derive an expression for it. ()
4. Show that the average value of AC over a complete cycle is zero.
5. Show that the current and voltage are in phase in an ac circuit containing resistance only.
6. Deduce the phase relationship between current and voltage in an ac circuit containing inductor
only.
7. Deduce the phase relationship between current and voltage in an ac circuit containing capacitor
only.
8. Draw the phasor diagram showing voltage and current in LCR series circuit and derive an
expression for the impedance
9. What do you mean by resonance in Series LCR circuit? Derive an expression for the frequency
of resonance in LCR circuit.
10. Distinguish between resistance, reactance and impedance.
11. Define quality factor (Q factor) of resonance and derive an expression for it.
12. Describe the mechanism of electromagnetic oscillations in LC circuit and write expression for
the frequency of oscillations produced.
13. Derive an expression for the average power in an ac circuit.
14. Define power factor. Deduce expression for it and explain wattless current?
15. Describe the principle construction theory and working of a transformer.
16. Describe the various losses in a transformer and explain how the losses can be minimized.
Electromagnetic Waves-

1. Explain the inadequacy of Ampere's circuital law

2. Describe Hertz experiment to demonstrate the production of electromagnetic waves
3. Write the properties of electromagnetic waves.
4. Write any five electromagnetic waves in the order of decreasing frequency and write any two
properties and uses of each
5. Deduce an expression for velocity of em waves in vacuum
6. Establish the transverse nature of electromagnetic waves.
7. Compare the properties of electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves

Ray-Optics-

1. Derive mirror formula for a concave mirror and convex mirror.

2. Derive an expression for lateral shift and normal shift. On what factors these depend.
3. Define TIR and write the conditions for TIR. Derive a relation between critical angle and the
refractive index of the medium. Also explain the working of isosceles prism and optical fiber.
4. Derive the following relation for a real image formed by a convex refracting surface when the
object is placed in rarer medium. Also write the assumptions and sign convention used.
5.

6. Derive the lens maker’s formula. Also write the assumptions and sign convention used.
7. Derive the lens formula for convex lend and concave lens.
8. Derive the relation for equivalent focal length or power when two thin lenses are placed in
contact to each other. In which condition the lens combination will act as a plane glass sheet.
9. Derive the following relations for a prism-

10. Where the symbols have their usual meanings.

11. Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in refracting type astronomical telescope in
the near point adjustment (when image is formed at LDDV i.e. D=25cm). Derive an expression
for its magnifying power. Why the diameter of objective of telescope should be large.
12. Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in refracting type astronomical telescope in
the normal adjustment (when image is formed at infinity). Derive an expression for its
magnifying power. How does the magnifying power get affected on increasing the aperture of
the objective lens and why?
13. Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation a compound microscope. Explain briefly the
working. Derive an expression for its magnifying power. Why the diameter of objective of
microscope should be small.
14. Draw a labeled diagram of a reflecting type telescope. State two advantages of this telescope
over refracting type telescope.
15. Define resolving power of compound microscope. How does the resolving power of a
compound microscope change when-(a) Refractive index of medium between the object and
objective lens increases (b) Wavelength of the light used is increased (c) decreasing the
diameter of objective (iv) increasing the focal length of its objective.
16. Define the resolving power of astronomical telescope. Write the expression for it and state, on
what factors it depends

Wave-Optics-

1. Define wave front. State Huygens principle and verify Snell’s law.
2. State Huygens principle and prove the laws of reflection on the basis of wave theory.
3. What do you mean by interference of light? Explain in brief the Young’s double slit
experiment.
4. What are the coherent sources? Write the conditions for the sustained interference pattern. Also
draw the intensity v/s path difference curve.
5. Find the conditions for constructive and destructive interference. How does the intensity
depend on the width of slit?
6. Find the expression for the fringe width. What is the effect on the fringe width if the whole
apparatus (YDSE) is completely immersed in a liquid of refractive index μ?
7. What do you mean by diffraction of light and state the condition for the diffraction? Obtain the
conditions for secondary maxima and minima. Also draw the intensity distribution curve.
8. Prove that the width of central maxima is twice the width of the secondary maxima. How does
the width of central maxima depend on the width of the slit?
9. State Brewster’s law and prove that the reflected and refracted rays are mutually perpendicular
at the angle of polarization.
10. State law of Malus and draw an intensity V/s angle between the plane of transmission of
polarizer and analyzer.
11. What is a Polaroid? How are they constructed? Mention their important applications.
12. Explain Polarization of light. Give any one method to produce plane polarized light.

Dual Nature of Radiation-

1. Describe the experiment to study photoelectric effect and explain the laws of photoelectric
effect and the significance of each.
2. Describe Hertz and Lenard’s experiment to demonstrate photoelectric effect.
3. Explain Einstein's photoelectric equation and explain the laws of photoelectric effect using it.
4. State and explain de Broglie relation for matter waves.
5. Describe Davisson- Germer experiment which provided experimental evidence for wave nature
of matter.
6. Write the characteristics of Photon.

Semiconductor Devices-

1. Distinguish between conductors, insulators and semiconductors on the basis of energy bands.
2. What are extrinsic semiconductors? Mention its types and explain the mechanism of
conduction in each.
3. Explain the conduction in N Type and P Type semiconductor on the basis of band theory.
4. Explain the formation of depletion layer and potential barrier in a PN junction diode.
5. Draw the circuit diagram used to determine the VI characteristics of a diode and draw the
forward and reverse bias characteristics of a diode. Explain the conclusions drawn from the
graph.
6. With the help of a labeled circuit diagram explain the working of half wave rectifier and draw
the input and output waveforms.
7. With the help of a labeled circuit diagram explain the working of full wave rectifier and draw
the input and output waveforms.
8. Write notes on LED, photodiode and solar cell.
9. What is a Zener diode? Draw the VI characteristics of zener diode. Explain Zener breakdown
and describe the use of a zener diode as a voltage regulator.
10. Draw the symbol, truth table and Boolean expression for Or, AND and NOT gate.
11. Draw the symbol and truth table of NOR gate and NAND gate.
12. Explain, how the fundamental logic gates can be realized using NOR gates alone.
13. Explain how the fundamental logic gates can be realized using NAND gates alone.
 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURG
ASSIGNMENT FOR 2019-20(CLASS XII)
MATHS

Assignment No. 1 L.P.P Submission Date : 17/04/19

1. Find the minimum value of 3x + 5y graphically. Subject to constraints.

-2x + y  4, x+y  3, x-2y  2, x  0, y  0

2. A manufacturer produces two products A and B. Both the products are processed on
two different machines. The available capacity of the first machine is 12hrs and that
of second machine is 9hrs. Each unit of producet A requires 3 hrs on both machine
and each unit of product B requires 2 hours on first machine and 1 hour on second
machine. Each unit of product A is sold at a profit of Rs 5 and B at a profit of Rs. 6.
Find the production level of maximum profit graphically.
3. A diet for a sick person must contain at least 4000 units of vitamins, 50 units of
minerals and 1400 calories. Two foods X and Y are available at a cost of Rs. 4 and
Rs3 per unit respectively. One unit of food X contains 200 units of vitamins, 1 units
of minerals and 40 calories while one unit of food Y contains 100 units of vitamins, 2
units of minerals and 40 calories. Find what combination of foods X and Y should be
used to have least cost, satisfying the requirements.
4. A manufacture makes two types of toys A and B. Three machines are needed for this
propose and the time (in minutes) required for each toy on the machine is given
below:

Types of toys MACHINES

1 11 111
A 12 18 6
B 6 0 9
Each machine is available for a maximum of 6hrs per day. If the profit on each toy of
type A is Rs. 7.50 and that on each toy of type B is Rs. 5, show that 15 toys of type A
and 30 of type B should be manufactured in a day to get maximum profit.
5. A firm makes items a and B and the total no. of items it can make in a day is 24. It
takes one hour to make an item of A and only half an hour to make an item of B. The
maximum time available per day is 16 hrs. The profit on an item of A is Rs 300 and
on one item of B is Rs 160. How many items of each type should be produced to
maximise the profit? Solve the problem graphically

Assignment No. 2 Matrices Submission Date : 17/06/19

1 2  -1
1. If A    , then using A , solve the following system of equations:
2 1 
x  2 y  1, 2 x  y  2

3 4
2. Express A = as the sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix.
1 −1

3. If a = 2 -3 5
3 2 -4 Find A-1. using A-1 solve the
1 1 -2
System of equations: 2x - 3y + 5z =11
3x + 2y - 4z = -5
x + y - 22 = -3
4. If A = cos   sin  2 sin 
than prove that
- 2 sin cos   sin 

A2 = cos2   sin 2 2 sin 2

- 2 sin 2 cos 2  sin 2

−8 5
5. Show that the matrix A = satisfies the equation.
2 4
 x2 + 4x – 42 = 0 and hence find A-1.
6. Using matrix solve the system of equations

2 3 10
  4
x y 2
4 6 5
  1
x y z
6 9 20
  2
x y z
7. The cost of 4 kg patato, 3kg wheat and 2kg rice is Rs. 60. the cost of 1kg patato, 2kg
wheat and 3 kg rice is Rs. 45 The cost of 6kg patato, 2 kg wheat and 3 kg rice is Rs.
70. Find the cost of each item per. Kg by matrix method.
8. Use the product 1 -1 2 -2 0 1
0 2 -3 9 2 -3 to solve the
3 -2 4 6 1 -2
following system of equations
x – y + 2z = 1, 2y – 3z =1, 3x – 2y + 4z =2.

Assignment No. 3 Determinants Submission Date : 01/07/19

1. Find the co-factors of all elements of A = 1 a b + c

Hence find det. A 1 b c+a
1 c a+b
1 1 1
2. Without expanding the determinant, Show that (1+   ) is a factor of
a b c
determinant 1+a 1 1
1 1+b 1
1 1 1+ c
3. Show that a2 + 1 ab ac a2+ 1 b2 c2
2 2
ab b +1 bc = a b + 1 c2
2

ac bc c2+1 a2 b2 c2 + 1
and hence find its value.

4. Show that = a-b b-c c-a

b+c c+a a+b = a3 + b3 + c3 – 3 abc
a b c

5. Show that x + a b c
a x +b c = x2 (a + b + c)
a b x+c

6. If a,b,c all positive are pth, qth and rth term of a G.P. then P.T
log a P 1
log b q 1 =0
log c r 1

a 1 0
7. If f ( x)  ax a 1 , using prop of determinants find the value of f (2 x)  f ( x).
ax 2 ax a

Assignment No. 4 Submission Date : 17 /07/19

Probability

1. A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports that it is
six. Find the probability that it is actually a six.
2. The probability of a man hitting a target is ¼. He fires 7 times. What is the probability
of his hitting the target at least ones?

3. Five dices are thrown simultaneously. If the occurrence of an even number on a

single die is considered a success, find the probability of getting almost 3 successes.
4. There are two bags I and II containing 3 red and 4 white. balls and 2 red and 3 white
balls respectively. A bag is selected at random and a ball is drawn form it. If it is
found to be or red ball, find the probability that it is drawn from the first bag.

5. A car manufacturing factory has two plants. Plant P manufactures 70% of cars and
plant Q manufactures 30%. At plant P, 80% of cars are rated of standard quality and
at plant Q, 90% of cars are rated of standard quality. A car is picked up at random and
is found to be of standard quality. What is the probability that it has come from plant
P?
6. If X follows binomial distribution with mean 3 and variance 3/2, Find P(x  5).
7. 3 bad eggs are mixed with 7good ones. 3 eggs are taken at random from the bag. Find
the probability distribution of no of bad eggs drawn. Find also the mean and variance
of the probability distribution.
8. If P(A) = 0.5, P(B) = 0.6 and P(AUB) = 0.8, find P(A/B) and P(B/A)
9. In a test an examinee either guesses or copies or knows the answer to a multiple-
choice question with four choices. The probability that he makes a guess is 1/3 and
the probability that he copies the answer is 1/6. the probability that his answer is
correct, given that he copied it is 1/8. Find the probability that he knew the answer to
the question given that he correctly answered it.
10. 13. If fair coin is tossed 10 times, find the probability of i) exactly six heads
ii) at least six heads iii) almost six heads.

Assignment No.5 Submission Date : 01/08/19

Relation and Function, Inverse Trignometric Functions)

2
1. Let f :[0, )  R be a function defined by f ( x)  9 x  6 x  5. Prove that f is not
invertible. Modify, only the co domain of f to make f invertible and then find its
inverse.

2. Show that the relation R in the set A={ x l x  w,0  x  12} given by R = {(a,b) : (a-
b) is a multiple of 4} is an equivalence relation. Also find the set of all elements
related to 2.
3. Let * be a binary operation defined on N x N by (a,b) * (c,d) = (a + c, b + d). Show
that * is commutative and associative. Aslo find the identify element of * on Nx N, if
any.
4. Solve for x : 2tan-1(cos x) = tan-1(2cosec x).
5. Let A = R – {3} and B = R –{1}, Consider the function f: A B defined by f{x) =
x2
, is F one –one and on to ? Justify your answer.
x3
6. Show that the relation R in the set R of real nos., defined R={(a,b) : a  b2} is
neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive,
7. Let * be the binary operation on N given by a* b = LCM of a and b. Find whether (1)
* is commutative ii) * is associative iii) Find the identity element of * on N.
3 8 84
8. Show that sin-1  sin 1  cos 1 .
5 7 25
9. Determine which of the following binary operation son the set N are associative and
ab
which are commutative I) a * b = 1 8 am b  N ii) a * b = * a, b  N
2
10. Let = {-1,0,1,2}, B = {-4, -2,0,2} and t,g be functions from A to B defined by f(x)
1
= x2-x, x  A and g(x) = 2 x   1, x  A. AreTandg equal? Justify your answer.
2
( ) √( )
11. Prove that cot-1 ( ) = ; x (0, )
√ √( )
 1 x2  1 x2   1
-1     cos 1 x 2
12.Prove that tan  2 2  4 2
 1 x  1 x 

 2x   3x  x 3  2 1
13. P.T tan-1 x + tan-1    tan 1  , x 
2
1 x   2  3
 1  3x 
 cos x  
c) Express tan-1  1  sin x  in the simplest from where  x 
2 2
9 9 1 2 2
d) Prove that  sin
8 4 3
 x 1 y x2 2 xy y2
e) I.f cos a  cos b   , P.T
-1  cos    sin 2 
2 ab 2
a b

Assignment No. 6 Submission Date : 14/08/19

Continuity and Differentiability

1. Prove that f(x) = x, 0  x < ½

½ , x= ½ is continuous at x=1/2
1-x, ½ < x  1
2. Prove that f(x) = sin 1/x , x  0
is discontinuous at x = 0
0 , x=0

3. Prove that f(x) = [1-x] + [x-1] is discontinuous at x=1

4. if f(x) = 1 , x3
ax + b, 3< x <5 is continuous
7 , 5 x
Prove that a=3 and b= -8
5. Discuss the continuity at x = 0 for the function
| | if x  0
f(x)=
0 if x=0
d2
6. if x = a(  - sin  ), Y = a (1-cos  ). Find at  = 
dx 2 2

d2y dy
7. If y = , P.T (1-x2) x  m2 y  0
dx 2 dx
dy
8. Find when x = xlogx + (logx)x
dx
1  cos x
9. Differentiate tan-1 w.r. to tan-1 x.
1  cos x
 1 x2  1 x2 
10. Differentiate tan-1   w. r. to cos-1 x2.
 1 x2  1 x2 

 1 
11. Prove that derivative of sec-1  2  w.r to 1  x 2 is equal to the derivative of log
 2 x 1 
e x2 w. r. to x
d2y dy
12. If y= sin (sin x), prove that  y cos 2 x  0
 (tan x)
2 dx
dx
13. Write the statements of Rolle’s theorem and lag range’s M.V. Theorem
14. If f(x) = x(1- log x), x>0 then show that (a-b) log c = b(1- log b) – a (1- log a) where
0 < a < c< b.
15. L.M.V.T, find a point on the curve y = x  2, defined in the interval. [2,3],
where tangent is parallel to the chord joining the end points of the curve.

Assignment No. 7 Submission Date : 30/08/19

Application of Derivatives
1. The diameter of an expanding smoke ring at time t is proportional to t2. If diameter is
4cm after 4 seconds, at what rate is the diameter changing?
2. Using differential find the approximate values of
i) (0.009)1/3 ii) 401
3. If radius of a sphere increases by 0.01 percent, find the percentage increase in its
volume.

4. Discuss the applicability of L.M.V. T. to f(x) = cos x in [0, ]
2
5. The slope of the curve 2y2 = ax2 + b at (1, -1) is –1 Fid a and b.
 a2 a2 
6. Find equation of the tangent to the curve x  y  a at the point  , 
 4 4 
 
4 4 4
7. If the tangent at any point on the curve x + y =a cuts off intercepts P and q on the
coordinate axes, the value of P -4/3 + q-4/3=a-4/3. Prove this
 4 sin x  2 x  x cos x
8. Find the intervals in which the function f(x)= is
2  cos x
i) increasing
ii) decreasing
9. Find the intervals in which following functions are increasing or decreasing:
a) 2x3 + 9x2 + 12x + 20 b) 2x3 –15x2 + 36x + 6
10. Determine the maximum and minimum value of each of the following
y=2 cos 2x – cos 4 x , 0  x  
11. The lengths of the sides of an isosceles triangle are 9 +x2, 9 +x2 and 18 – 2x2 units.
Calculate the area of the triangle in terms of x and find the value of x which makes
the area maximum.

Assignment No. 9 Submission Date : 14/10/19

Indefinite Integrals

Integrate the following w.r.tox

1  sin x
1.  1  sin x dx Ans: 2 tan x – x +2sec x +c

1  1  cos 2 x 
2.  tan   dx Ans: x2 +c
 1  cos 2 x 
x
sin 3  con 3 x
2 2
3.  Ans: x+1/2 cos x +c
x x
sin  cos
2 2
dx
4. 
1
x 2 x 3
1

sec 2 (2 tan 1 x)dx 1

5.  Ans: tan (2 tan-1x)+c
1 x2 2
dx 2
6.  Ans: [(x+a)3/2 – (x+b)3/2] +c
xa  xb  3a  b) 
dx 1 x 
7.  sin x  cos x Ans: log tan    c
2 2 8
2
8.  x. sec xdx Ans: x tan x + log cos x  c

 sin x  dx
1 2
9. Ans: x(sin-1x)2+2( 1  x 2 )sin-1x –2x +c
x
10.  dx Ans: x(tanx-secx) + log
1  sin x
cos x  log sec x  tan x  c

11.
2 x  3dx 2
Ans: log x 2  3 x  18  log
x3
c
 x 2  3x  18 3 x6
dx 1  2  tan x 
12.  1  3sin2 x  8 cos2 x Ans:  tax 1 c
6  3 
4x  3 1 1 3
13.  dx Ans: 2 2 x 2  2 x  3  log x   x2  x 
2x2  2x  3 2 2 2
2 2 3
14.  2 x  5 x 2 4 x  3 dx Ans: ( x  4 x  3) 2
3
 x2 2 1 2
-  x  4 x  3  log  x  2   x  4 x  3  c
 2  2
dx 1 1
15.  ( x  1) 2 ( x 2  1) Ans: ½ log x  1   log x 2  1  c
2( x  1 4
dx 1  x 2  1 1 x2  2x  1
16.  x4 1 Ans: tan 1   log x
2 2  2 x  4 2 x 2  2x  1
Assignment No. 10 Submission Date : 30/10/19

Application of integrals

 2
Sinx
1. Evaluate  dx Ans: 
1  cos 2 x 4
0

2. ∶ ∫ dx

 2
dx  3  1  3 2 
1
3. Evaluate  log   log
 Ans:
 3 2

1  2 sin x
2  3  1   
0
4. Using properties of definite integrate prove that

 2
Cotx
i)  
Sinx  Cosx 4
0

 2

ii)  log(1  tan x)dx  8 (log 2)
0

 2  2
iii)  log( Sinx)dx   log(Cosx)dx    2 log 2
0 0
 2
x tan x
iv)  dx   (  1)
sec x  tan x 2
0
 2
xdx  2 1
v)   log
Sinx  cos x 2 2
0

xdx 2
vi)  
2 2 2 2 ab
0 a cos x  b sin x
3 10
Sinx
vii  dx  
Sinx  Cosx 20
 5
2
viii)  sin x dx  4
0

4
5. Evaluate  f ( x)dx wheref ( x)  x  1  x  2  x  3
1
Application of Integrals

1. Find the area of the circle 4 + 4 = 9 which is interior of the parabola =4

2. Using integration, find the area of a triangle ABC whose vertices are A(2,3), B(4,7 )
and C(6,2)
3. Find the area cut off from the parabola 4y = 3x2 by the straight line 3x – 2y + 12 =0
4. Find the area of region included between the parabola y2=4ax and x2=4ay, a>0.
5. Find the area of region R where
R= {(x,y)): x2  y  1x1}
3
6. Evaluate  (x 2 +x) dx as a limit of sum.

2
7. Evaluate  exdx as a limit of sum.
0
8. Find the area of region enclosed between the two circles + =1 ( − 1) +
=1
Assignment No. 11 Submission Date : 13/11/19

Differential Equations
1. Find the differential eqn of the family of all circles in the first quadrant which touch the
coordinate axes.
2. Solve: 1 + + 1− =0.
3. Solve the following differential equation

dy e x ( Sin 2 x  Sin2 x)
i) 
dx y (2 log y  1)
ii) ( 1 + e ) dy + (1 + y2) ex dx=0,
2x
y(0) =1

iii) (1+x2) sec2y dy + 2x tan y dx = 0; y(1)
4
dy 2 x  3 y  4
iv) 
dx 4 x  6 y  5
dy x(2 log x  1)
v) 
dx Siny  y cos y
vi) (3 xy + y2) dx + (x2 + xy) dy =0
vii) (x3- 3xy2) dx = (y3- 3x2y) dy
dy y
viii) x  y  x tan .
dx x
dy 2
ix) (x log x )  y  log x
dx x
x) (1+y)2dx = (tan-1y –x) dy
dy
xi)  y tan x  e x sec x
dx
dy
xii) (1 + x2)  2 xy  4 x 2 , y(0) =0
dx
dy
xiii)  3 y cot x  sin 2 x. y( (  2
dx 2)

Assignment No. 12 Submission Date : 10/12/19

Vectors

       
1. If a  b  c  0, show that a  b  b  c  c  a.

2. If a =3 b⃑ = 4 and | ⃑| =5such that each is perpendicular to the sum of other two.
  
Find l a  b  c l.
3. The dot product of a vector with vectors lˆ  ˆj  3kˆ, lˆ  3 ˆj  2kˆand 2lˆ  ˆj  4kˆ are o,5
and 8 respectively. Find the vector.
 
4. A vector x has length 21 units and d.rs.2,-3,6 find d.cs and components of r .
5. Find a vector of magnitude 9 units, which is perpendicular to both vectors

a  4lˆ  ˆj  3kˆand bˆ  2lˆ  ˆj  2kˆ
   
6. Let a  lˆ  4 ˆj  2kˆ, b  3lˆ  2 ˆj  7 kˆandc  2lˆ  ˆj  4kˆ find d which is perpendicular
   
to both a and b and c . d  15

           
7. If a , b , c are three vectors such that a  b  c and b  c  a , prove that a , b , c are
  
mutually at right angles and l b l = l, l c l = l a l.
     
8. If a  b  a  c  0, Show that b  c  a where  is a scozlar.

9. Find the area of parallelogram whose diagonals are along

 
a  2lˆ  ˆj  2kˆ and b  lˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ.

10. Points L,M,N divides sides BC, CA and AB of  ABC in the ratio 1:4, 3:2 and 3:7
respectively Prove that AL  BM  CN is a vector parallel to CK . Where K divides
AB in the ratio 1:3.
  
11. For vectors a , b andc , prove that
         
a  (b  c )  b  ( c  a )  c  ( a  b )  0
  
12. Let a , b , c be unit vectors such that

       
a.b  a.c  0. and the angle between b and c is , prove that a  2(b  c )
6

13. Find a unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors ⃗ + ⃗ and ⃗ − ⃗,

where ⃗= 3 ̂ + 2 ̂ + 2 and ⃗= ̂ + 2 ̂ − 2 .

Three Dimensional Geometry

1. Find the equation of plane through the intersection of planes x + 2y + 3z = 4, 2x + y –

z = -5 and perpendicular to plane 5x + 3y + 6z + 1 = 0.
x y 1 z  2
2. Find the image of point (1,6,3) in the line  
1 2 3

3. Find the distance of a point with position vector - i  5 ˆj  10kˆ from the point of

intersection of the line r  ( 2lˆ  ˆj  2kˆ)  h(3lˆ  4 ˆj  12kˆ ) with the plane
 
r (l  ˆj  kˆ )  5

4. Find the angle between the lines


r  (3   )lˆ  2(1   ) ˆj  2(l  2 ) kˆand

r  (5 ˆj  2kˆ)  4(3lˆ  2 ˆj  6kˆ)
5. Find the length of perpendicular form the point (1,2,3) on the line
x6 y7 z7
 
3 2 2
6. Find the equation of the plane passing through origin and the intersection of planes
2x-3y+z=9 and x-y+z=4.
7. Find the equation of the line passing through the points (3,2,1) and (0,1,7) and
parallel to line.
x  2 y 1 z 1
 
1 1 1
8. Show that the lines = = = = intersect. Find their point of
intersection
9. Find the shortest distance between the lines when vector equations are
 
r  (lˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ)  (2lˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ)and r  (2lˆ  4 ˆj  5kˆ)   (4lˆ  6 ˆj  8kˆ).
10. Find the S.D. between the lines through the points A (6,2,2) and B(-4,0,-1) in the
direction 1, -2, 2 and 3, -2, -2 respectively.
x  3 y 1 z  4
11. Find the foot of perpendicular from the point (0,2,3) on the line   .
5 2 3
12. Find vector equation of plane passing through the intersection of planes
 
r .(lˆ  ˆj  kˆ )  6andr .( 2lˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ)  5 and the point (1,1,1).
 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURG

ASSIGNMENT

CLASS XII - INFORMATICS PRACTICES

UNIT-I

1. Given three dataframes namely Sales10, Sales20 and Shales30 storing quarter wise sales of
items 'Beverages', 'Milk', 'Snack items', 'Icecreams' and 'Bakery items'. Write a script that
prints the following:
I. Maximum yearly sales item-wise.
II. Maximum Quarterly sale for an item across three years(e.g. 'Snack items' had
maximum sales in Quarter 3 of 2017).
III. Average sales Quarterwise for all items year wise.
IV. Average sales Quarter wise for items for all years.
 ASSIGNMENT
CLASS XII - ACCOUNTANCY
CHAPTER I Accounting For Partnership Firms : Fundamentals
1 .A,B & C are in partnership with capitals of Rs 40,000 ; Rs 30,000 ; & Rs 20,000.B & c are entitled to
annual salaries of Rs 5,000 & Rs 4,000 respectively. Interest on Capital is allowed @5% per annum. Of
the first Rs 10,000 divisible as profits in any year, A is entitled to 50% ; B 30% & C 20%. Annual
profits in excess of Rs 10,000 are divisible equally . The profits for the year ended 31st March , 2016
was Rs 35,500. Prepare Profit And Loss Appropriation Account for the year ended 31st March, 2016.
2 .X & Y are partners sharing profits & losses in the ratio of 3:1 . Drawings during the year were as
follows :

Partner X Partner Y

Date Amt. Date Amt.

1st Mar 2016 8,000 30th Apr 2016 5,000

30th Jun 2016 10,000 1st Aug 2016 9,000
st st
1 Sep 2016 7,000 1 Oct 2016 3,000
st th
31 Oct 2016 6,000 30 Nov 2016 11,000

Calculate interest on drawings for the year ending 31st December , 2016 if interest is to be charged @
6% by Product Method.
3 .A,B & C are partners sharing profits and losses equally. The Firm earned a profit of Rs 2,70,000for the
year ended 31st Mar 2012. A & B had capitals of Rs 3,00,000 & Rs 2,00,000 respectively. Current
account balances on April 1st , 2011 A Rs 20,000 & Rs 10,000. Their deed provides that :
(a)A & B withdrew Rs 20,000 & Rs 30,000 respectively during the year.
(b)Interest on capital is to be allowed @5% .
(c)Interset on drawings is to be charged @6% .
(d)A is entitled for a commission @ 10%on net profits after charging B’s Salary ,Interest on capital and
His own commission.
(e)B is entitled to salary of Rs 25,000.
Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation Account and Partner’s Capital Account for the year ended 31st
March 2012.
4 .Ram & Puneet are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses equally. On 1st April 2014 capitals of
Partners were Rs 1,00,000 & Rs 80,000 respectively. Profit & Loss Account showed a net profit of
Rs 1,87,500 (before interst on Puneet’s Loan) for the year ended 31st March 2015.Focussing following

1
 information , preapare Profit & Loss Appropriation Account of the Firm and Partner’s Capital Account:
(i) Interest on capital is to be allowed @8% .
(ii)Interest on Puneet’s Loan Account of Rs 50,000 for the whole year .
(iii)Interest on drawings of partners @7% p.a. Drawings being Ram Rs 20,000 & Puneet Rs 15,000.
(iv)Transfer 20% of distributable profits to reserve.
5 .A,B & C are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. Their capitals are Rs 80,000 :
Rs 50,000 & Rs 40,000 respectively. Each partner is entitled to interest on capitals @10% p.a. B is
entitled to a salary of Rs 10,000 p.a . and C is entitled for commission of Rs 4,000 p.a. A guaranteed
that the firm would earn a profits of Rs 1,20,000 before allowing interest on capital, partner salaries and
commission. The actual profit for the year 2014 before commission, interest and salaries amounted to
Rs 1,12,000. Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation Account .
6 .S,H & M started business in partnership on 1st Jan. 2004 in the ratio of 5:3:2. S guaranteed that M’s
share of profits after sharing interest on capital @ of 5% p.a., would not be less than Rs 52,500 in any
year. The capital at the commencement of business was S Rs 5,60,000 : H Rs 3,50,000 & M
Rs 2,80,000. The profit for the year ended 31st Dec. 2004 amounted to Rs 2,78,250 before providing for
interest on capital. Prepare Profit & Loss Appropriation Account.
7 .X,Y & Z are partners sharing Profits and Losses in the ratio 3:2:1. After the final accounts have been
prepared, it was discovered that the interest on drawings had not been taken into consideration. The
interest on drawings of partners amounted to X Rs 250, Y Rs 180 & Z Rs 100. Give necessary
adjustment entry.
8 .P ,Q & R were partners in a firm sharing profit and loss in the ratio 1:2:2. After division of profits for
the year ended 31st March 200, Their capitals were P Rs 1,50,000 ; Q Rs 1,80,000 and R Rs 2,10,000.
During the year they withdrew Rs 20,000 each. T he profit of the year was Rs 60,000. The partnership
deed provided that interest on capital will be allowed @10% p.a. while preparing the final accounts
interest on partner’s capital was not allowed. You are required to calculate the capital of P, Q and R as
on 1st April 2000 and pass the necessary adjustment entry for providing interest on capital.
9 .X,Y & Z are partners in a firm who share profits in the ratio of 2:3:5. The firm earned a profit of
Rs 1,50,000 for the year ended December 31st 2004. The profit by mistake was distributed among X,Y
and Z in the ratio 3:2:1 respectively. The error was noted only in the beginning of the next year . Pass
necessary entry.

CHAPTER IV ADMISSION OF PARTNER

1 .S & D are partners in a firm sharing profit and Losses in the ratio of 5:3.S is admitted in the firm for

2
 1/5th share of profits. He is to bring in Rs 20,000 as capital & Rs 4,000 as his share of goodwill. Give
necessary journal enteries for the following :
(a)When the amount of goodwill is retained in the business .
(b)When the amount of goodwill is fully withdrawn.
(a)When 50% of the amount of goodwill is withdrawn.
2 .Ram & Mohan were partners in a firm sharing profit and losses in the ratio of 4:1. On 1st April2015
they admitted Sohan as a new partrner for 1/3rd share in the profits of the firm. They fixed the new
profit sharing ratio as 4:3:2. The profit and loss Account on the date of admission showed a balance
of Rs 32,000. The firm also had a reserve of Rs 1,00,000. Sohan is to bring Rs 60,000 as premium for
his share of goodwill. Pass necessary journal entries.
3 .Pass journal entries for the following on the admission of C as a partner in the journal of A & B who
were sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2.
(a)The value of furniture is to be increased by Rs 6,000.
(b)The value of stock to be decreased by 4,000.
(c)Machinery of the book value of Rs 40,000 is to be depreciated by 20%.
(d)A provision for doubtful debts @5% is to be created on debtors of book value of Rs 20,000.
(e)Unrecorded Investments worth Rs 12,000.
(f)An item of Rs 1,000 included in creditors is not likely to be claimed, hence should be written back.
4 .A & B share the profits of a business in the ratio of 5:3. They admit C into the firm for a 1/4th share in
the profits to be contributed equally by A & B. On the day of admission of C, the Balance Sheet of the
firm was as follows :
Liabilities Amt. Assets Amt.
A’s Capital 30,000 Machinery 26,000
B’s Capital 20,000 Furniture 16,000
Workmen Compensation Fund 4,000 Stock 12,000
Bank Loan 12,000 Debtors 8,000
Creditors 2,000 Bank 6,000
68,000 68,000
Terms of C’s admission were as follows :
(a)C will bring Rs 33,000 as capital.
(b)Goodwill of the firm has to be valued at 4 years purchase of super profit, if te firm has earned
average profits of Rs 22,000 while the normal profits that can be earned with the capital employed
are Rs 14,000. C brings his share of goodwill in cash.
(c)Furniture is to be appreciated by Rs 6,000 and the value of stock is to b reduced by Rs 2,000.

3
 Prepare Revaluation Account ,Partner’s Capital Account and the new Balance Sheet of A,B & C.
5 .Usha & Asha are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their balance sheet on 31st March
was as follows:
Liabilities Amt. Assets Amt.
Creditors 27,000 Cash 24,000
Bills Payable 5,000 Debtors 48,000
General Reserve 18,000 (-)Prov. For Bad Debts 4,800 43,200
Capital A/c’s: Stock 30,000
Usha 40,000 Patents 7,400
Asha 35,000 Buildings 20,400
1,25,000 1,25,000
th
Neelam admitted as a new partner giving her 1/5 share in the profits Neelam is to bringin Rs 30,000 as
her capital and her share of goodwill in cash, subject to the following terms :
(a)Goodwill of the firm to be valued at Rs 50,000.
(b)Stock to be reduced by 10% and provisions for Bad Debts is to be reduced by Rs 2,400.
(c)Patents are valueless.
(d)There was a claim against the firm for the damages amounting to Rs 2,000. The claim has now been
accepted.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner’s Capital Account & The Balance sheet of the new firm.
6 .S & N are partners in a firm. They share profits & losses in the ratio of 2:1. Since both of them are
specially abled, sometimes they find it difficult to run the business on their own. G, a common friend
decides to help them. Therefore, they admitted her into partnership for a 1/3rd share. She brought her
share of goodwill in cash and proportionate capital. At the time of G’s admission, the balance sheet of S
& N was as under :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Capital A/c’s Machinery 1,20,000
S 1,20,000 Furniture 80,000
M 80,000 2,00,000 Stock 50,000
General Reserve 30,000 Sundry Debtors 30,000
Creditors 30,000 Cash 20,000
Employees Provident Fund 40,000
3,00,000 3,00,000
It was decided to :
(a)Reduce the value of Stock by Rs 5,000.

4
 (b)Depreciate furniture by 10% and appreciate machinery by 5%.
(c)Rs 3,000 of the debtors proved bad. A provision of 5% was to be created on Sundry debtors for
doubtful debts.
(d)Goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs 45,000.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner’s Capital Account and Balance Sheet of the Reconstituted Firm.
7 .On 31st March, 2010 the Balance Sheet of W & R who shared profits in 3:2 ratio was as follows:
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 20,000 Cash in Hand 5,000
P & L Account 15,000 Sundry Debtors 20,000
Capital A/c’s (-)Prov. For Bad Debts 700 19,300
W 40,000 Stock 25,000
R 30,000 70,000 Plant & Machinery 35,000
Patents 20,700
1,05,000 1,05,000

On this date B, was admitted as a partner on the following conditions :

(a)B will get 4/15th share of profits.
(b)B had to bring Rs 30,000 as his capital to which amount other partners capital shall have to be
adjusted.
(c)He would pay cash for his share of goodwill which would be based on 2.5 years purchase of average
profits of past 3 years.
(d)The assets would be revalued as : Sundry debtors at book value less 5% provision for bad debts.
Stock at Rs 20,000 ; Plant & Machinery Rs 40,000.
(e)The profits of the firm for the year 2007, 2008 & 2009 were Rs 20,000 ; Rs 14,000 ; & Rs 15,500 .
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners Capital Accounts and the Balance Sheet of the new firm.
8 .A & B were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. They admitted C as a new partner for
1/6th share in the profits. C was to bring Rs 40,000as his capital and the capitals of A & B were to be
adjusted on the basis of C’s Capital having regard to Profit sharing Ratio. The Balance Sheet of A & B
as at 31st March 2006 was as follows:
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 36,000 Cash 10,000
Bills Payable 20,000 Debtors 34,000
General Reserve 24,000 Stock 24,000
Capital A/c’s Machinery 42,000

5
 A 1,50,000 Building 2,00,000
B 80,000 2,30,000
3,10,000 3,10,000
The other terms of agreement on C’s admission were as follows :
(a)C will bring Rs 12,000 for his share on goodwill.
(b)Building will be valued at Rs 1,85,000 & Machinery at Rs 40,000.
(c)A provision of 6% will be created on debtors for bad debts.
(d)Capital account of A and B will be adjusted by opening Current Accounts.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners Capital Account and the Balance Sheet of A,B & C.
9 .The Balance Sheet of Reenu & Meenu who share P&L in the ratio of 3:2 as at 31st Dec. 2014 was as
follows:
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 56.000 Cash 20,000
Workmen Compensation Fund 24,000 Debtors 1,30,000
General Reserve 40,000 (-)Prov. For Bad Debts 10,000 1,20,000
Capital A/c’s Stock 60,000
Reenu 1,20,000 Investments 1,00,000
Meenu 80,000 2,00,000 Patents 20,000
3,20,000 3,20,000

They decided to admit Anu on 1st Jan. 2015 for 1/4th share on the following terms :
(a)Anu shall bring Rs 50,000 as his share of premium for goodwill.
(b)That unrecorded accrued income of Rs 1,000 be provided for.
(c)The market value of Investments was Rs 90,000.
(d)A debtor whose due of Rs 2,000 were written off as bad debts paid Rs 1,600 in full settlement.
(e)A claim of Rs 4,000 on account of Workmen Compensation to be provided for.
(f)Patents are undervalued by Rs 10,000.
(g)Anu to bring in capital equal to 1/4th of the total capital of the new firm after all adjustments.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Capital Accounts of Partners and Balance Sheet of the new Firm.
10.B & C were partners sharing P&L in the ratio of 3:2. Their balance sheet as on 31 Mar.2011 was as
follows :

Liabilities Amt Assets Amt

Capital : Land & Building 80,000

6
 B 60,000 Machinery 20,000
C 40,000 1,00,000 Funiture 10,000
Prov. for bad debts 1,000 Debtors 25,000
Creditors 60,000 Cash 16,000
P&L A/c 10,000
1,61,000 1,61,000
th
D was admitted to partnership for 1/5 share in the profits on the following terms :
(a)The new profit sharing ratio was decided as 2:1 .
(b)D will bring Rs 30,000 as his capital & Rs 15,000 for his share of goodwill.
(c)Half of goodwill amount was withdrawn by the partner who sacrificed his share of profit in favour of
D.
(d)A provision of 5% for bad & doubtful debts was to be maintained.
(e)An item of Rs 500 included in creditors was not likely to be paid.
(f)A provision of Rs 800 was to be made for claims for damages against the firm.
After making athe above adjustments, the Capital Account of B & C were to be adjusted on the basis of
D’s capital. Actual cash to be brought in or to be paid off as the case may be.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner’s Capital Account and Balance Sheet of the new firm.

CHAPTER V RETIREMENT/DEATH OF PARTNER

1 .A,B& C are partners sharing P&L in the ratio of 2:2:1. Their balance sheet as on 31st Mar. 2015 is as
follows :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 50,000 Cash 1,50,000
General Reserve 50,000 Debtors 50,000
Capital A/c’s: (-)Prov. For bad debts 3,000 47,000
A 2,00,000 Stock 53,000
B 1,50,000 Machinery 3,00,000
C 1,00,000 4,50,000
5,50,000 5,50,000
On that date, C retires from the business and amount dueto him is paid in cash. It is agreed to adjust the
values of assets and liabilities as follows :
(a)Value of machinery be appreciated by 10% .
(b)Provisions for doubtful debts to be maintained at 10% on debtors.
(c)Stock to be depreciated by Rs 3,000.

7
Prepare Revaluation Account , Partners Capital Account & Balance Sheet of the continuing partners as at
1st April 2015.
2 .X,Y & Z were partners in a firn sharing profits in 5:3:2 ratio. On 31st March 2006, Z retired from the
firm. On the date of Z’s retirement the balance sheet of the firm was:
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 27,000 Bank 80,000
Bills Payable 13,000 Debtors 20,000
Outstanding Rent 22,500 (-)Prov. For Bad Debts 500 19,500
Prov. For Legal Claims 57,500 Stock 21,000
Capital A/c’s Furniture 87,500
X 1,27,000 Land & Building 2,00,000
Y 90,000
Z 71,000 2,88,000
4,08,000 4,08,000

On Z’s Retirement , it was agreed that :

(a)Land & Building will be appreciated by 5% & Furniture will be depreciated by 20% .
(b)Provision for Bad Debts will be made at 5% on Debtors & Provision for Lega; Claims will be made Rs
60,000.
(c)Goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs 60,000.
(d)Rs 70,000 from Z’s Capital Account will be transferred to his loan account & the balance will be paid
to him by cheque.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners Capital Account & Balance Sheet of the new firm.
3 .Pankaj, Naresh & Saurabh are the partners sharing profit in the ratio of 3:2:1. Naresh retired from the
firm due to his illness. On 31st March 2007 the balance sheet of the firm was as follows:
Liabillities Amt Assets Amt
General Reserve 12,000 Bank 7,600
Creditors 15,000 Debtors 6,000
Bills Payable 12,000 (-)Prov. For Bad Debts 400 5,600
Outstanding Salary 2,200 Stock 9,000
Prov. For Legal Damages 6,000 Furniture 41,000
Capital A/c Premises 80,000
Pankaj 46,000
Naresh 30,000
Saurabh 20,000 96,000

8
 1,43,200 1,43,200
Additional Information:
(a)Premises have appreciated by 20%, Stock depreciated by 10% & Provisions for doubtful debts was to
be made 5% on debtors. Further provisions for legal damages is to be made for Rs 1,200 & Furniture
to be brought up to Rs 45,000.
(b)Goodwill of the firm be valued at Rs 42,000.
(c)Rs 26,000 from Naresh’s Capital account be transferred to his loan account and balance be paid
through bank ; if required , necessary loan may be obtained from bank.
(d)New profit sharing ratio of Pankaj & Saurabhis decided to be 5:1.
Give necessary ledger accounts & Balance Sheet of the firm after Naresh’s retirement.
4 .Ganesh, Harish & Anil shared profits equally. Their balance sheet as at 31st March 2014 was :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Workmen Compensation Fund 40,000 Land & Building 2,00,000
Creditors 1,25,000 Plant & Machinery 1,00,000
Reserve 75,000 Investments 50,000
Capital A/c : Stock 60,000
Ganesh 70,000 Debtors 70,000
Harish 90,000 Cash in Hand 20,000
Anil 1,00,000 2,60,000
5,00,000 5,00,000
Harish retires on the above date. The terms of retirement were as follows:
(a)Land & Building to be depreciated by 10% .
(b)Plant & Machinery to be depreciated by 20% .
(c)Provision for doubtful debts to be made at 6% on debtors.
(d)Investments are taken over by Harish at Rs 60,000.
(e)There is a claim for compensation by a worker for Rs 16,000.
(f)Goodwill of the firm is valued at Rs 60,000.
(g)Total capital of the newly constituted firm will be readjusted by bringing in or paying of cash so that
the future capitals of Ganesh & Anil be in their new ratio of 3:2.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners Capital Account & Balance Sheet of new firm.
5 .A, B & C are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. B retires from the firm due to his illness. On
31st March 2014 the balance sheet of the firm was as follows :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 30,000 Cash in hand 18,000

9
 Bills Payable 16,000 Debtors 25,000
General Reserve 12,000 (-)Prov. For Bad Debts 3,000 22,000
Capital A/c Stock 18,000
A 40,000 Furniture 30,000
B 40,000 Machinery 70,000
C 30,000 1,10,000 Goodwill 10,000
1,68,000 1,68,000
The other terms on retirement are as follows :
(a)Provisions For Bad Debts be raised by Rs 1,000.
(b)Stock to be depreciated by 10% & Furniture by 5%.
(c)There is an outstanding claim of damages of Rs 1,100 and it is be provided for.
(d)Creditors will be written back by Rs 6,000.
(e)Goodwill of the firm is valued at Rs 22,000.
(f)B is paid in full with cash brought in by A & C ion such manner that their capitals are in proportion to
their new profit sharing ratio & cash in hand remains at Rs 10,000.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners Capital Accounts & Balance Sheet of new firm .
6 .A, B & C are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3:2 respectively. Their balance sheet as
on 31st December 2012 was as follows:
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Capital A/c Patents 1,10,000
A 3,00,000 Building 2,00,000
B 2,50,000 Machinery 3,00,000
C 1,50,000 7,00,000 Stock 1,00,000
Creditors 1,10,000 Debtors 80,000
General Reserve 60,000 Cash 80,000
8,70,000 8,70,000
st
A died on 1 October 2013 due to illness. It was agreed between the firm & A’s executors that the amount
due to A will be used for construction of a Charitable Hospital in a village. As per the agreement:
(a)Goodwill was valued at 2 years purchase of average profits of last 4 years, which were :
2009- Rs 1,00,000 ; 2010- Rs 1,60,000 ; 2011- Rs 1,80,000 ; 2012- Rs 2,00,000.
(b)Patents were revalued at Rs 90,000 ; Machinery at Rs 2,80,000 & Building at Rs 2,50,000.
(c)Interest on capital will be provided at 10% p.a.
(d)A’s share of profit till the date of hus death will be calculated on the basis of profit of the year 2012.
Amount due to A’s executors will be transferred to Charity account. Prepare A’s Capital Account .
7 .Pawan, Prem & Poonamwere partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1:2. Their fixed capitals

10
 were Rs 2,00,000 , Rs 1,50,000 , Rs 2,00,000 respectively. The firm closes its books on 31st March
every year. On 31st March 2006 Prem died. The executor of deceased partner according to the
agreement was entitled for the following :
(a)Interest on capital from the first day of the accounting year till the date of his death @ 10% .
(b)His share of goodwill : The goodwill of the firm for the on Prem’s death was valued at Rs 3,00,000.
(c)His share of profits : The profit of the firm for the year ended 31st March 2006 was Rs 1,50,000.
Prem’s Executor was paid the sum due in two equal annual installments with interest @ 10% p.a. Prepare
Prem’s capital account as on 31st March 2006 to be presented to his executor and his executor’s loan
account for the year ending 31st March 2007 & 31st March 2008.

8 .The following is the balance sheet of Ram, Mohan & Sohan as on 31st December 2010 :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 10,000 Tools 3,000
Workmen Compensation Reserve 7,500 Furniture 18,000
Capital A/c Stock 16,000
Ram’s 20,000 Debtors 12,000
Mohan’s 10,000 Cash 8,500
Sohan’s 10,000 40,000
57,500 57,500
st
Ram , Mohan & Sohan shared profits in the ratio of 2:2:1 . Sohan died on 31 March 2011. Under the
Partnership agreement the executor of Sohan was entitled to :
(a)amount standing to the credit of his capital account.
(b)Interest on capital @ 6% p.a.
(c)His share of goodwill Rs 5,000.
(d)His share of profit from the closing of last financial year to the date of death which amounted to
Rs 750.
Sohan’s executor was paid Rs 1,400 on 1st April 2011 and the balance in 4 equal yearly installments
from 31st March 2011 with interest @ 6% p.a.
Pass necessary Journal entries & draw up Sohan’s Account to be rendered to his executors & Sohan’s
Executors Account till it is finally paid.

CHAPTER VI DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP FIRM

1 .A, B & C were sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1:1. The partners decided to dissolve the firm. Their
balance sheet at 31st March 2014 was as under :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt

11
 Creditors 50,000 Goodwill 30,000
Capital A/c : Land & Building 80,000
A 80,000 Plant & Machinery 56,000
B 80,000 Motor Car 54,000
C 60,000 2,20,000 Debtors 48,000
Cash 2,000
2,70,000 2,70,000
Folllowing transactionstook place :
(a)The assets realised : Goodwill Rs 20,000 ; Land & Building Rs 1,00,000 ; Plant & Machinery
Rs 50,000 ; Motor Car Rs 28,000 ; Debtors Rs 24,000.
(b)Realisation expenses were Rs 2,000.
Prepare the Realisation Account, Partner’s Capital Account & Cash Account to close the books of the
firm.

2 .Amit & Sumit were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. They decioded to dissolve the firm on
31st December 2014 when their balance sheet was as under :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 2,000 Machinery 16,000
P & L A/c 1,500 Investment 4,000
Capital A/c Debtors 2,000
Amit 17,500 Stock 3,000
Sumit 10,000 27,500 Bank 6,000
31,000 31,000
The firm was dissolved on the following terms :
(a)Assets were realised as follows : Debtors Rs 1,800 & Stock Rs 2,800 .
(b)Machinery was osld for Rs 20,000 at commission of 10% .
(c)Amit took over the investments at an agreed value of Rs 3,800 .
(d)Creditors of the firm agreed to accept 5% less.
(e)Expenses of realisation of assets amounted to Rs 400.
(f)An unrecorded furniture is sold for Rs 10,000.
Prepare the Realisation Account , Partner’s Capital Account & Bank Account to close the books of firm.
3 .Following is the balance sheet of X & Y who share profit in the ratio of 4:1 as at 31st March 2013:
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 8,000 Bank 20,000
Bank overdraft 6,000 Debtors 17,000

12
 X’s Brother’s Loan 8,000 (-)Prov. For Bad Debts 2,000 15,000
Y’s Loan 3,000 Stock 15,000
Investment Fluctuation Fund 5,000 Investments 25,000
Capital A/c Buildings 25,000
X 50,000 Goodwill 10,000
Y 40,000 90,000 P & L A/c 10,000
1,20,000 1,20,000
The firmwas dissolved on the above date & the following arrangements were decided upon :
(a)X agreed to pay off his brother’s loan .
(b)Debtors of Rs 5,000 proved Bad.
(c)Other assets realised : Investments 20% less & goodwill at 60% .
(d)One of the creditors for Rs 5,000 was paid only Rs 3,000.
(e)Building were auctioned for Rs 30,000 & the auctioneer’s commission amounted to Rs 1,000.
(f)Y took over part of a stock at Rs 4,000 (being 20% less than the book value). Balance stock realised
50%.
(g)Realisation expenses amounted to Rs 2,000.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner’s Capital Account & Cash Account .
4 .Rita, Gita & Ashish were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. On 31st March 2006
their balance sheet was as follows :
Liabilities Amt Assets Amt
Creditors 65,000 Cash 22,500
Bills Payable 26,000 Debtors 52,300
General Reserve 20,000 Stock 36,000
Capital A/c Investment 69,000
Rita 80,000 Plant 91,200
Gita 50,000
Ashish 30,000 1,60,000
2,71,000 2,71,000
On the above mentioned date the firm was dissolved :
(a)Rita was appointed to realise the assets. Rita was to receive commission @5% of the value of assets
realised (except cash) & was to bear all expenses of realization.
(b)Assets were realised as follows : Debtors Rs 30,000 ; Stock Rs 26,000 ; Plant Rs 42,750.
(c)Expenses of realisation amounted to be Rs 4,100.
(d)Investment were realised at 85% of the book value .

13
(e)The firm retrenched their employees before the dissolution and firm had to pay Rs 7,200 as
compensation. This liability was not appearing in the above balance sheet.
(f)Contingent Liability in respect of bills discounted with the bank was also materialised & paid off
Rs 9,800.
Prepare Realisation Account, Partner’s Capital Account & Cash account .
5 .P , Q & R commenced business on 1st January 2005 with capitals of P Rs 2,00,000; Q Rs 2,00,000 & R
Rs 1,00,000. Profits are shared in the ratio of 4:3:3. Capital carried interest @ 5% p.a. during the year
2005, the firm suffered loss of Rs 1,50,000 before allowing interest on capital. Drawing of each partner
during the year were Rs 20,000. On 31st December 2005, the partner’s agreed to dissolve the firm as it
was no longer profitable. The creditors on that date were Rs 40,000. The assets realised a net value of Rs
3,20,000 and the expenses of realization were Rs 7,000. Prepare Realisation Account, Partner’s Capital
Account & Cash Account along with necessary working to close the books of the firm.

CHAPTER VII COMPANY ACCOUNTS : ACCOUNTING FOR SHARE CAPITAL

1.X Ltd. Received in advance for the !st call of Rs 2 per share on 1,000 equity shares in 1st Feb. 2015. The
1st call was due on 15 April 2015 for 10,000 shares . the amount of 1st call was received on 25 April
2015. Journalize the above transactions and transfer the advance to 1st call account by opening a
Calls-in-Advance Account.
2.S Ltd. With a nominal capital of Rs 50,00,000 in Equity shares of Rs 10 each, issued 2,00,000 shares
payable as : On application Rs 2.50 ; on Allotment Rs 2.50 ; On 1st & Final Call Rs 5. All money
payable on allotment were due received but one shareholder failed to pay the amount due on allotment
on his 2,500 shares , while another shareholder who held 2,000 shares paid for the shares 1st & final call
also. Give Journal entries in the company’s book to record the above transactions up to allotment of
shares & show the company’s balance sheet.
3.X ltd. Issued 10,000 shares of Rs 10 each payable as on Application Rs 4; on allotment Rs 3; & on 1st &
final call Rs 3. X Ltd. Has decided to make pro rata allotment if shares applied by the public are more
than the shared issued & to utilizes the surplus of application money towards allotment. Pass the
necessary Journal entries in each of the following individual cases :
Case I : If applications are received for 15,000 shares .
Case II : If applications are received for 17,500 shares .
Case III : If applications are received for 20,000 shares .
Case IV : If applications are received for 22,000 shares .
4.Krishna Ltd. Issued 25,000 shares to the public payable as Rs 4 on application ; Rs 2 on allotment & Rs
4 on 1st & final call.Applications for 50,000 shares were received on which the allotment was made as

14
 under :
Applicants of 10,000 shares : 10,000 shares
Applicants of 25,000 shares : 15,000 shares
Applicants of 15,000 shares : Nil
Calculate the excess application money to be adjusted towards allotment and pass the necessary Journal
Entries assuming that the amounts due were received.
5.Starplus Company issued for public subscription 1,50,000 shares of the value of Rs 100 each payable as
follows:
On Application : Rs 20
On Allotment : Rs 40
On 1st & Final call : Rs 40
The company received applications for 30,000 shares. The allotment was done as under :
(a)Applicants of 30,000 shares were allotted 10,000 shares.
(b)Applicants of 1,40,000 shares were allotted 80,000 shares.
(c)Remaining applicants were allotted 60,000 shares.
Harut , a shareholder who had applied for 7,000 shares of group (b) failed to pay allotment & call money.
Roshan, another shareholder who was allotted 6,000 shares paid the call money along with the allotment.
Roshan also belonged to group (b).
Pass necessary Journal entries to record the above transactions in the books of the company.
6.Rohit Ltd. Purchased assets from Rohan & Co. for Rs 3,50,000. A sum of Rs 75,000 was paid by means
of a bank draft & for the balance due, Rohit Ltd. Issued equity shares of Rs 10 each at apremium of
10% . Journalise the above transactions in the books of the company.
7.Star Ltd. Purchased a ruinning business from Moon Ltd. For a sum of Rs 12,00,000. The assets &
liabilities consisted of the following : Machinery Rs 4,00,000 ; Building Rs 5,00,000 ; Stock
Rs 2,00,000 ; & Creditors Rs 1,00,000. The payment was made by issue of equity shares of Rs 10 each
at a premium of Rs 2 per share. Pass necessary journal entries in the books of Star Ltd.
8.Sunshine Ltd. issued 20,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each, payable as follows :
On Application Rs 3, On Allotment Rs 5 (including Rs 1 premium), On 1st & Final Call Rs 3.Naman, a
holder of 200 shares did not pay the allotment money and thus shares were forefeited before making the
1st & Final Call . Pass the necessary Journal entries in the books of the company. Also show the balance
sheet of the company.
9.A company invited applications for the issue of 30,000 Equity Shares of Rs 10 each. Applications were
received for 40,000 shares. 10% of the total applications were rejected & balance were allotted on pro
rata basis. The amounts were payable as follows : Rs 2 on application, Rs 4 on allotment & balance on
the 1st & Final Call. M who had applied for 3,000 shares failed to pay the allotment money & his shares

15
 were immediately forefeited. S who was allotted 2,000 shares, paid only RS 4,000 on allotment. On the
failure to pay the 1st call, S’s shares were also forefeited. Pass the necessary Journal entries to record the
above transactions.
10.Mohan Limited forefeited the following Equity Shares of Rs 10 each issued at a premium of Rs 2 per
share.
(a)700 shares issued to X for the non-payment of 2nd & Final Call of Rs 3 per share.
(b)500 shares issued to Z for the non-payment of the 1st Call of Rs 2 per share & 2nd & Final Call of Rs 3
per share.
The forefeited shares were reissued to Y for Rs 11 per share fully paid. Pass the entries to record the
forefeited & reissue of shares.
11.Shakti Ltd. invited applications for issuing 2,00,000 shares of Rs 100 each at a premium of Rs 10 per
share.The amounted was payable as follows : On applications Rs 40 per share (including premium), on
allotment Rs 30 per share & the balance on 1st & Final Call. Applications for 3,00,000 shares were
received. Application for 40,000 shares were rejected & pro rata allotment was made to the remaining
applicants. Over payments on applications were adjusted towards sum due on allotment. Manoj who
was allotted 2,000 shares failed to pay the allotment 7 1st & Final Call money. His share were
forefeited. The forefeited shares were reissued at Rs 90 per share fully paid up. Pass necessary Journal
Entries in the books of Shakti Ltd.
12.The directors of a company forefeited 200 Equity shares of Rs 10 each issued at a premium of Rs 3 per
share, for the nonpayment of the 1stcall money of Rs 3 per share. The final call of Rs 2 per share has
not been made. Half of the forefeited shares were reissued at Rs 1,000 fully paid. Record the Journal
entries for the forfeiture & reissue of shares.
13.Record the Journal entries for the forfeiture & reissue of shares in the following cases :
(a)X Ltd. forfeited 20 shares of Rs 10 each, Rs 7 called up, on which a shareholder had paid application &
allotment money of Rs 5 per share. Out of these, 15 shares were reissued to Naresh as Rs 7peer share
paid up for Rs 8 per share.
(b)Y Ltd. forfeited 90 shares of Rs 10 each, Rs 8 called up issued at a premium of Rs 2 per share to R for
non-payment of allotment money of Rs 5 per share ( including premium). Out of these, 80 shares were
reissued to Sanjay as Rs 8 called up for Rs 10 per share.
14.Jain Ltd. invited applications for issuing 35,000 Equity shares of Rs 10 each. The amount was payable
as follows : on application Rs 5 per share, on allotment Rs 4 per share , on 1st & final call balance
amount. Applications for 50,000 shaes were received. Applications for 8,000 shares were rejected &
the application money of these applicants was refunded. Shares were allotted on pro ratra basis to the
remaining applicants & the excess money received with application from these applicants was adjusted
towards sums due on allotmen. Jeevan who had applied for 600 shares failed to pay allotment & the 1st

16
 & final call money. Naveen the holder of 400 shares failed to pay the 1st & final call money. Shares of
Jeevan & Naveen were forfeited. Of the forfeited 800 shares were reissued at Rs 15 per share fully paid
up. The reissued shares included all the shares of Naveen. Pass necessary Journal entries for the above
transactions in the books of Jain Ltd.

CHAPTER VIII COMPANY ACCOUNTS :ISSUE OF DEBENTURE

1 .Mercury Ltd. issued 4,000, 12% debenture of Rs 100each at par, payable as : on application Rs 40, on
allotment Rs 30, on 1st & final call Rs 30. Company received applications for 6,000 debentures. It
rejected applications for 1,000 debentures & allotment was made on pro-rata basis among the
remaining applicants. Excess money was utilized on allotment. All money is duly received, except the
1st & final call money on 200 debentures. Pass the necessary Journal entries.
2 .Y Ltd. purchased Machinery Rs 55,000 from Z Ltd. 10% ws paid by Y Ltd. by accepting a Bill of
Exchange in favour of Z Ltd. & the balance was paid by issue of 9% debentures of Rs 100 each at par,
redeemable after 5 years. Pass necessary Journal entries in the books of Y Ltd.
3 .Pranshu Ltd. purchased assets worth Rs 1,80,000 & took over the liabilities (creditors) of Rs 40,000 of
Mahesh Ltd. for a purchase consideration of Rs 1,76,000, Pranshu Ltd. paid half the amount by cheque
& balance was settled by issuing 12% debentures of Rs 100 each at a premium of 10% . Pass necessary
Journal entries I the books of Prashu Ltd.
4 .Give Journal entriesin each of the following Cases if the face value of a debenture is Rs100 :
(a)A debenture issued at Rs 110 repayable at Rs 100.
(b)A debenture issued at Rs 100 repayable at Rs 105.
(c)A debenture issued at Rs 108 repayable at Rs 105.
5 .BG Ltd. issued, 12% debentures of Rs 100 each on 1st April 2012. Yhe issue was fully subscribed.
According to the terms of issu, interest on the debentures is payable half yearly on 30th September &
31st March & the tax deducted at source is 10%. Pass necessary Journal Entries related to the
debentuire interest for the half yearly ending 31st March, 2013 &transfer of interest on debentures of
the Statement of Profit & Loss.

CHAPTER VIII COMPANY ACCOUNTS :ISSUE OF DEBENTURE

1 .Punjab National Bank issued 6,000; 12% Debentures of Rs 100 each at a premium of 5% on
June , 2014. The issue was fully subscribed. The debentures were redeemable on August 31st ,2015.

17
 Pass necessary entries for issue & redemption of debentures.
2 .Jaypee Construction Ltd. an infrastructure company has 4,000; 8% debentures of Rs 100 each
outstanding as on 31st March 2014. These debentures are due for redemption on 31st March 2015. The
company has a Debenture Redemption Resesrve of Rs 70,000 on that date. Assuming that no interest is
due, record necessary journal entries for redemption of debentures.
3 .Mona Ltd. has issued 20,000; 9% debentures of Rs 100 each, which are due for redemption on 31st
March 2015. The company invested the finds as required by law in the Specified Securities on 30th
April 2014 erning interest @ 10% p.a. The Board of Directors also decided to transfer the minimum
required amount to Debenture Redemption Reserve Account at the time of redemption. The company
has in its Debenture Redemption Reserve Accopunt a balance of Rs 4,40,000. Record necessary journal
entries at the time of redemption of debentures.
4 .Suresh Ltd. on 1st April 2010 acquired assets of the value of Rs 6,00,000 & liabilities worth Rs 70,000
from P & Co., at an agreed value of Rs 5,50,000. Suresh Ltd. issued 12% debentures of Rs 100 each at
a premium of 10% in full satisfaction of purchase consideration. The debentures were redeemable on
31st March 2015 at a premium of 5%. Pass entries to record the above including redemption of
debentures.
5 .Cosmos Ltd. had 6,00011% debentures of RS 100 each due for Redemption. These debentures are to be
redeemed in 3 equal annual installments ( starting from 31st March 2015) at a premium of 10%. The
company had a balance of 50,000 in the Debenture Redemption Reserve. The directors decided to
transfer the minimum required balance to Debenture Redemption Reserve on 31st March 2014 . Pass
necessary entries for redemption of debentures.
6 .A company made an issue of Rs 2,00,000 , 6% debentures of Rs 100 each, repayable at a premium of
10%. The terms of issue provided for the redemption of 400 debenmtures every year starting from the
3rd year, either by purchase from the open market or by draw of lots at the company’s option. In the 3rd
year, the company purchased for cancellation 300 debentures at 95% & 100 debentures at 90%. Pass the
necessary journal entries for the issue & redemption of debentures assuming that the company had
already created the debenture redemption reserve account by the required amount & company has also
made the required investment.
7 .Shakti Ltd decided to redeem all its 750, 12% debentures of Rs 100 each. The company purchased 500
debentures at Rs 94 per debenture from the open market. The remaining debentures were redeemed by
draw of lots. Pass necessary journal entries in the books of the company.
8 .Krishna Ltd. had issued 7,000 , 12% debentures of Rs 100 each. The company purchased 3,000 of these
debentures @ Rs 96 as investment on 1st April 2014. Interest on debentures is payable on 30th
September & 31st March. The company redeemed all the debentures on 31st March 2015. For this, it

18
 cancelled own debentures purchased as investment & redeemed the remaining debenture by draw of
lots. The Board of Directors decidd to transfer the required amount to Debenture Redemption Reserve
Account. Pass necessary Journal entries in the books of the company for the year 2014-15.

PART B
ACCOUNTING RATIOS

1 .Total current assets of a company are Rs 5,00,000. Current ratio is 2.5:1 & quick ratio is 1:1. Calculate
the value of current assets, current liabilities & inventories .
2 .Toatl current liabilities of Bharat ltd. are Rs 5,00,000 & acid test ratio is 3:1, inventories is Rs 2,50,000.
Find out current assets & current ratio.
3 .Calculate current ratio if stock is Rs 6,00,000; Liquid assets Rs 24,00,000: quick ratio 2:1.
4 .Calculate current ratio of a company from the following information :
Stock turnover ratio 4 times , stock in the beginning was Rs 20,000 less than the stock at the end, Sales
Rs 6,00,00 ; gross profit ratio 25% on sales, current liabilities Rs 60,000, quick ratio 0.75:1.
5 .From the following, ascertain the debt equity ratio :
Equity share capital Rs 2,00,000 ; reserves & surplus Rs 1,60,000; 10% debentures Rs 1,50,000;
Current Liabilities Rs 1,00,000; unamortized loss on issue of debentures Rs 10,000.
6 .The following information is provided to you calculate debt equity ratio:
Share capital Rs 1,60,000; general reserves Rs 80,000; 15% loan Rs 1,00,000; sales for the year
Rs 2,00,000; tax paid during the year Rs 40,000; profit after interest & tax Rs 80,000.
7 .From the following calculate interest coverage ratio :
Net profit before interest & tax Rs 5,10,000; rate of income tax 30%; 12% debentures Rs 10,00,000.
8 .Calculate inventory turnover ratio from the data given below :
Inventory at the beginning of the year Rs 10,000 ; inventory at the end of the year Rs 5,000 ; carriage
Rs 2,500; sales Rs 50,000 ; purchase Rs 25,000.
9 .From the following information calculate inventory turnover ratio – Revenue from operations
Rs 2,00,000 ; Gross profit 20% on the cost of goods sold; opening stock Rs 38,500 ; closing stock
Rs 41,500.
10.A businessman carries an average inventory of Rs 9,000. His inventory turnover ratio is 8 times. If he
sells goods at a profit of 25% on sales, find out his profit.
11.Compute stock turnover ratio from the following information – Net sales Rs 2,00,000; gross profit
Rs 50,000; closing stock Rs 60,000 excess of closing stock over opening stock Rs 20,000.
12.Working capital Rs 25,000; cost of goods sold Rs 1,00,000; gross profit on sales 20%. Calculate the

19
 working capital turnover ratio from the above information.
13.From the following information calculate debtors at the end of the year- Credit sales Rs 29,200; credit
collection period 73 days ; debtors at the beginning Rs 5,680.
14.From the following information calculate average age of receivables or average collection period in
months, days & weeks. Net credit sales Rs 26,280; debtors Rs 4,000 ; Bills receivables Rs 320.
15.Gross profit ratio of accompany was 25% . Its cash sales were Rs 20,000& its credit sales were 90% of
the total sales. If the indirect expenses of a company were Rs 2,000, calculate its net profit ratio.
16.Cost of revenue from operations Rs 1,50,000; operating expenses are Rs 60,000. Revenue from
operations i.e; sales is Rs 2,60,000 & sales return is Rs 10,000. Calculate operating ratio.
17.Calculate the amount of gross profit – average stock Rs 80,000; stock turnover ratio 6 times; selling
price 25% above cost.
18.From the following details calculate return on investment – gross profit Rs 26,000; selling &
distribution expenses Rs 7,200; debentures Rs 15,000; tax Rs 3,000; fixed assets Rs 65,000; current
assets Rs 30,000; current liabilities Rs 12,000.
19.Calculate the operating profit ratio from the given data- opening stock Rs 5,000; purchases Rs 50,000;
sales Rs 75,000; closing stock Rs 7,500; administrative expenses Rs 2,500; selling expenses Rs 6,000;
dividend on shares Rs 1,500; loss by theft Rs 1,000; sales return Rs 1,500.20.
20.Calculate net profit ratio from the following - Sales Rs 82,000; sales return Rs 2,000; indirect
expenses Rs 4,500; cost of goods sold Rs 57,500.

20
 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURG
CHAPTER WISE ASSIGNEMENT
CLASS –XII - BIOLOGY
Ch1 REPRODUCTION IN ORGANISM
1. Name the units of vegetative propogation in grasses and water hyacinth. (1)
2. Why is coconut plant referred to as monoecious? (1)
3. How is the continuity of species maintained generation after generation? (1)
4. Mention the unique feature with respect to flowering and fruting in bamboo species. (1)
5. All date palm plants bear flowers but fruits are seen in some .Explain. (1)
6. Explain why meiosis and gametogenesis are always interlinked. (2)
7. Why are offspring of oviparous animals at a greater risk as compared to offspring of viiparous animals?
(2)
8. Differentiate between oestrous cycle and menstrul cycle (2)
9. Show only by diagram, the binary fission in Amoeba (2)
10. Define juvilinile phase, reproductive phase, senescent phase. (2)
11. Name three events in the sexual reproduction of an angiosperm and mention what major events occur in each
of them. (5)

Ch2 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANT

1. How is it possible in Oxalis and Viola plants to produce assured seed sets even in the absence of pollinatros?
(1)
2. Mention one application of pollen bank.How are pollen stored in a bank? (1)
3. Name the diploid nucleus of the mature embryo sac (1)
4. Cells in a microspore tetrad are haploid .Give reason (1)
5. Why do pollen grains of Vallisneria have a mucilaginous covering? (1)
6. Geitogamous flowering plants are genetically autogamus,but functionally cross pollinated.Justify (2)
7. Write the importance of bagging of unisexual flowers in a crop improvement programme. (2)
8. Name the product of fertilisation that forms the kernel of coconut.How does the kernel differ from coconut
water? (2)
9. Banana is a parthenocarpic fruit ,where as oranges show polyembryony. How are they different from each
other with respect to seeds? (2)
10. a. Explain triple fusion in angiosperms. (3)
b. Write the fate of the product of this fusion in the mature fruit of coconut.
11.Explain the mechanism of pollination in Vallisneria. (3)
12. Explain how false,true and parthenocarpic fruits are different from each other.Give one example of each.
(3)
13.Mention 6strategies adopted by flowering plants to prevent self pollination. (3)
14.Describ ethe structure of a typical embryo sac found in flowering plants.Why is it generally referred to as
monosporic ? (3)
15.In an angiosperm ,the embryo sac is haploid,zygote is diploid and endosperm is triploid.Justifygiving reason.
(3)
16.Describe the process of megasporogenesis in angiosperms,until 8 nucleate stage (5)
17.How does a pollen mother cell develop into mature pollen grain?Illustrate the stages with labelled diagram
(5)
18.Draw labelled diagram of the following: (5)
(a) Dicot embryo (b)L.S of an embryo grass (c) Anatropus ovule
19.Enumerate any 6 adaptive floral characterstics of a wind pollinated plant. (5)
20.Give reasons: (5)
A. Groundnut seeds are exalbuminous and castor seeds are albuminous
B. Micropyle remains as a small pore in the seed coat of a seed.
C. Apple and cashew are not called true fruits
D. Pollen tablets are in use by people these days.
E. Pollen grains are well preserved as fossils.

1
Ch-3 HUMAN REPRODUCTION
1. What is the significance of ampullary isthmic junction in the female reproductive tract? (1)
2. Which type of cell division forms spermatids from the secondary spermatocytes? (1)
3. Name the cavity present in a mature graafian follicle. (1)
4. Not all copulations lead to pregnancy.Give reason (1)
5. When is meiosis II completed in the oogenesis of human female? (1)
6. Name the hormones produced only during pregnancy in a human female.Mention their source organs.(2)
7. Why is parturation called a neuro endocrine mechanism?Explain (2)
8. Why is it important to feed the new born babies on colostrum? (2)
9. Explain the fate of inner cell mass in a human embryo immediaetly after implantation. (2)
10. What is meant by LH surge?When does it occur? (2)
11. Draw labelled diagram of the following: (3)
A.Reproductive system in a human female
B.Sectional view of seminiferous tubule
C.Sectional view of ovary
12.Meiotic division during oogenesis is different from that in spermatogenesis.Explain how and why?(3)
13.Name the pituitary hormones influencing leydig cells and sertoli cells presentin human tesets.Explain the
functions of these cells. (3)
14.Spermatogenesis in human males is a hormone regulated process.Justify (3)
15.Differentiate between spermatogenesis and oogenesis (3)
16.Give a schematic representation of oogenesis in humans.Mention the number of chromosomes at each
stage.Correlate the life phases of the individual with the stages of the process. (5)
17.Explain the process of fertilisation in human female and trace the post fertilisation events in sequntial order up
to implantation of the embryo. (5)
18.Give schematic representation of spermatogenesis (5)
19.Name the source of gonadotropins in human females.Explain the changes brought about in the ovary by these
hormones during menstral cycle. (5)
20.A. When and how does placenta develop in human females? (5)
B. How is the placenta connected to the embryo?
C. Placenta acts as an endocrine gland. Explain
Ch4 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
1. Give one reason for statutory ban on aminocentesis. (1)
2. How do implants act as an effective method of contraceptionin human females?Mention its one advantage
over contraceptive pills. (2)
3. How are ART helpful to humans?How are ZIFT and GIFT different from intrauterine transfer?Explain (3)
4. Mention any 4 charecteristics that an ideal contracepive should have (3)
5. How does CuT act as an effective contrceptive for human females? (3)
6. Enumerate the complications that untreated STD can lead to. (3)

Ch 5 PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

1. Why do certain genes tend to be inherited together in a cell at the timeof cell division? (1)
2. What are the causes of frameshift mutation? (2)
3. How does a test cross help in identifying the genotype of the organism?Explain (3)
4. Mention the contribution of T.H.Morgan in genetics. (3)

2
5. Explain the pattern of inheritance of haemophilia in humans.Why is the possibility of a human female
becoming a haemophilic extremely rare?Explain (3)
6. Name the phenomenon that leads to situations like XO abnormality in humans.How do humans with XO
abnormality suffer?Explain (3)
7. Explain the mechanism of sex determination in insects like Drosophila and grasshopper. (3)
8. How is anueploidy different from polyploidy ?Mention their causes (3)
A B
9. (a) Write the blood group of people with genotype of I I . Give reason in support of your answer.
(b) In one family, the four children each have a different blood group. Their mother has blood group A and
their father has blood group B. Work out a cross to explain how is it possible. (3)
10. A red eye heterozygous female fruit fly is crossed with a red eyed male. Work out all possible genotypes and
Phenotypes of the progeny. Comment on the pattern of inheritance of eye colour in fruit flies. (3)
11. Recently a baby girl has been reported to suffer from haemophilia. How is it possible? Explain with the help
of a cross. (3)
12. . Study the given pedigree chart and answer the questions that follow.

(a) Is the trait recessive or dominant?

(b) Is the trait sex-linked or autosomal?
(c) Give the genotypes of the Parents in
generation I and of their third and fourth
child in generation II

13. A nonhaemophilic couple was informed by their doctor that there is possibility of a haemophilic child be born
to them. Explain the basis on which the doctor conveyed this information. Give the genotypes and phenotypes
of all possible children.

Ch 6 MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

1. State Chargaffs base complementary rule. (1)
2. Why do RNA viruses undergo mutation and evolution faster than most of the other viruses? (1)
3. Write the full form of VNTR. How is VNTRdifferent from probe. (2)
4. Mention the number of base pair in the DNA of each of the following: (3)
A.Lambda phage b.E.coli c.Human being
5. How is hnRNA processed to form mRNA? (3)
6. Explain the process of translation in a bacterium. (3)
7. Explain the process of transcription in a bacterium. (3)
8. Answer the following questions based on Meslson and Stahls experiment: (3)
A.Write the name of the chemical substances used as a source of nitrogen in the experiment by them.
B.Why did the scientists synthesise the light and heavy DNA molecules in the organism in the experiment.
C.How did the scientists make it possible to distinguish the heavy DNA molecule from the light DNA
molecule?Explain
D.Write the conclusion the scientists arrived at after completing the experiment.
9.a. Name the scientist who called tRNA an adapter molecule. (3)
b. Draw a clover leaf structure of tRNA
c. What does the actual structure of tRNA look like?
10. ExpandBAC and YAC.Explain how they were used in sequencing of human genome. (3)
11. What are satellite DNA in a genome?Explain their role in DNA fingerprinting. (3)

3
12. A.Why does DNA replication occur in small replication forks and not in its entire length? (3)
B.Why is DNA replication continuous and discontinuous in a replication fork?
C.Explain the importance of origin of replication in a replication fork.
13. Name and describe the technique that will help in solving a case of paternity dispute over the custody of a
child by two different famalies, (3)
14. Explain Watson and Crick modal of DNA. (3)
15. State the conditions when genetic code is said to be (i)degenarate (ii)unambiguous (iii)universal
16. Why DNA is better genetic material than RNA? (3)

17. A.Who proposed the concept of lac operon ? (5)

B.Draw a labelled schematic representation of a lac operon.
C.Explain how this operon gets switched on and of.
18. The length of a DNA molecule in a typical mammalian cell is calculated to be approximately 2.2 m.How is
the packing of this long molecule done to accommodate it with in the nucleus of the cell? (5)
19. A.State the Central Dogma of molecular biology.Who proposed it?Is it universally applicable?Explain (5)
B.List any 4 properties of a molecule to be able to act as genetic material.
20. A. What are the 3 types of RNA? (5)
B.Which one of these has the shape of a clover leaf in two dimensional structure?
C.How is each RNA related in the information flow during protein synthesis? Explain.
21.Explain the process of translation. (5)

Ch7 EVOLUTION
1. What does the comparison between the eyes of Octopus and those of mammals say about their ancestry and
evolution? (1)
2. Convergent evolution leads to analogous structures.Explain with the help of an example. (2)
3. Anthropogenic action can hasten evolution.Explain with the help of a suitable example. (3)
4. How does industrial melanism support Darwins theory of Natural Selection?Explain (3)
5. A. How did Hardy -Weinberg explain that allelic frequencies in a population are stable and constant from
generation to generation? (3)
B.Why does genetic equilibrium get disturbed in a population?Give reason
6. Australian marsupials and placental mammals are suitable examples of adaptive radiation and convergent
evolution.Explain giving reasons (3)
7. Discovery of lobefins is considered very significant by evolutionary biologists.Explain (3)
8. What is speciation ?Explain the role of natural selection in speciation. (3)
9. Darwin observed a variety of beaks in the small black birds inhabiting Galapagos islands.Explain what
conclusions did he draw and how. (3)
10. Explain antibiotic resistance observed in bacteria in light of Darwinian selection theory. (3)
11. A.When and where did Neanderthal man live? (3)
B.What was his brain capacity?
C.Mention the advancements he showed over Homo erectus.
12. Explain in detail the different theories of origin of life. (5)

Ch8 HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE

1. When does a human body elicit an anamnestic response? (1)
2. State the function of mast cell in allergy response. (1)
3. How does malaria differ from chikungunya with reference to their vectors? (1)
4. Name the organisms where antigenic polypeptides are produced by recombinant DNA technology.(1)

4
5. A patient showed symptoms of sustained high fever ,stomach pain and constipation,but no blood clot in
stools.Name the disease and its pathogen.Write the diagnostic test for the disease.How does the disease get
transmitted? (3)
6. A. Highlight the role of thymus as a lymphoid organ. (3)
B.Name the cells that are released from the above mentioned gland.
C.Mention how they help in immunity.
7. *Name the malarial parasite.Where do gametocytes of this parasite develop?Give a flow chart of its life cycle
in this host. (3)
8. *Name the cells HIV attacks first when it gains entry into a human body .How does this virus replicate further
to cause immunodeficency in the body? (3)
9. *Draw a well labelled diagram of antibody molecule. (3)
10. a*Differentiate between benign tumours and malignant tumours?
B.What are the causes of cancer?
b.Explain the different ways of diagnosing cancer.
c.Describe the different methods of treatment of cancer.
11. Expand each one of its full form: (5)
a.MALT b.CMI c.AIDS d.NACO e.HIV
12. Explain different types of barrier of innate immunity. (3)
13. Name a drug used:
A.as an effective sedative and pain killer
B.for helping patients to cope with mental illness like depression, but often misused.
C.How does the moderate and high dosage of cocaine affect the human body?
CH-9 STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCEMENT IN FOOD PRODUCTION
1.Why are living cell said to be totipotent? (1)
2.A. Explain how to overcome inbreeding depression in cattle. (3)
B.List 3 advantages of inbreeding in cattle.
C.Name an improved breed of cattle.
3.*MOET is a good technology to increase the herd size of high yielding cattle.How is it done?Explain the
procedure. (3)
4.*A.Name the Indian scientist ,whose efforts brought “Green Revolution” in India. (3)
B.Mention the steps that are essentially carried out in developing a new genetic variety of crop under plant
breeding programme.
5.*Why is biofortification considered the most practical means to improve public health?Explain taking 3
examples (3)
6.How can crop varietes be made disease resistant to overcome food crisis in India?Explain.Name one disease
resistant variety in India of: (3)
A.Wheat to leaf and stripe rust b.Brassica to white rust
7.Scientists have succeed in recovering healthy sugar cane plants from a diseased one: (3)
A.Name the part of the plant used as explant by the scientists
B.Describe the procedure the scientists followed to recover the healthy plants.
C.Name this technology used for crop improvement.
8.a.Mention the property that enables the explants to regenerate into a new plant (3)
b.A banana herb is virus infected.Describe the method that will help in obtaining healthy banana plants from
this diseased plant.
9.*List any three outbreeding practices carried out to breed domestic animals.Explain the importance of each one
listed (3)
10.*Define totipotency of a cell.List the requirements,if the objective is to produce somaclones of a tomato plant
on commercial scale. (3)
11.A.Write the scientific names of microorganism which produce high quantity of protein. (3)
B.What is ment by hidden hunger?
C.How does culturing Spirulina solve the food problems of the growing human population.
5
Ch-10 MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE
1.What makes the nucleopolyhedrovirus a desirable biological control agent (1)
2.Mention the benefits which LAB provides. (1)
3.What is toddy? (1)
4.What function do methanogens perform in the rumen of the cattle? (1)
5.What are broad spectrum antibiotics?Give 2 examples (2)
6.Name the genus to which baculoviruses belong.Describe their role in integrated pest management programmes.
(3)
7.Explain different steps involved in sewage treatment before it can be released into natural water bodies.
(3)
8.A.Why do farmers prefer biofertilisers to chemical fertilisers these days?Explain (3)
B.How do Anabaena and mycorrhiza act as biofertilisers
9.Name the source of the following Streptokinase, CyclosporinA ,Statins.How does this bioactive molecule
function in our body. (3)
10.Explain how the following microbes act as biocontrol agents: (3)
A.Bacillus thuringiensis b.Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Ch-11BIOTECHNOLOGY : PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES

1.Why is the enzyme cellulase needed for isolating genetic material from plant cells and not from animal cells?
(1)
2.Write the importance of the bacterium Thermus aquaticus in polymerase chain reaction. (1)
3.How can retroviruses be used efficiently in biotechnology experiments in spite of them being disease causing?
(1)
4.State what happens when an alien gene is ligated at Pvu I site of pBR 322 plasmid. (1)
5.Why is “plasmid” an important tool in biotechnology experiments ? (1)
6.Why do DNA fragments move towards the anode during gel electrophoresis? (1)
7.Mention the difference in the mode of action of exonuclease and endonuclease. (2)
8.How are the DNA fragments seperated and isolated for DNA fingerprinting?Explain (3)
9.How is the amplification of a gene of interest carried out using PCR? (3)
10.Explain the process by which a bacterial cell can be made competent.Why is it essential to make bacterial cells
competent in recombinant DNA technology. (3)
11.Why are genes encoding resistance to antibiotics considered useful selectable markers for E.coli cloning
vector?Explain with the help of one example (3)
12.Why is Agrobacterium tumefaceans a good cloning vector?Explain (3)
13.A.Write the palindromic nucleotide sequence.
B.Name the restriction endonuclease that recognises this sequence.
C.How are sticky ends produced ?Mention their role.
14.What is a bioreactor?Draw a labelled diagram of a sparged stirred tank bioreactor.Explain (5)
15.Explain briefly Downstream processing. (5)
Ch12 BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
1.How is “Rosie” considered different from a normal cow?Explain (2)
2.Why is proinsulin so called?How is insulin different from it? (2)
3.Explain how a heredity disease can be corrected?Give an example of the first successful attempt made towards
correction of such disease. (3)
4.Name the process involved in the production of nematode- resistant tobacco plants using genetic
engineering. Explain the strategy adopted to develop such plants. (3)

6
 5.Explain the steps involved in the production of genetically engineered insulin. Why is the insulin
thus produced preferred to the one produced form non human sources. (3)
6.How is early detection of infectious diseases possible by molecular diagnosis? (3)
7. How is gene therapy being used in treating ADA deficiency patients? (3)
8.How is Bt- cotton plant created as a GM plant? How is it protected against ballworm infestation? (3)
9.Expand GEAC. Why was GEAC established? Mention the responsibilities assigned to this organisation. (3)
10.Differentiate between diagnostic and therapeutics. Give one example for each category.
Ch13 -ORGANISMS AND POPULATION
1.Write what the phytophagous insects feed on. (1)
2.What is the interaction between Cuscuta and the shoe-flower bush called? (1)
3.What is an interaction called,when an orchid grows on a mango plant? (1)
4.Comment on the interaction between certain species of fig trees and wasps. (1)
5.Mention any two activities of animals which get cues from diurnal and seasonal variations in light intensity. (1)
6.Which of the two ,stenothermals or eurythermals,show wide range of distribution on earth and why? (1)
7.When and why do some animals like snails go into aestivation? (1)
8.Why many of the freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water or vice-versa? (1)
9. What is meant by Allen’s Rule? (1)
10.Write the equation for the Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Growth of Population. (1)
11.Explain why very small animals are rarely found in polar region. (2)
12.Why do clown fish and sea-anemone pair up? What is this relationship called? (2)
13.Some organisms suspend their metabolic activities to survive in unfavourable conditions.Explain with the help
of any four exapmles. (2)
14.What is Gause’s competitive exclusion principle? Give an example. (2)
15.Study the three different age pyramids for human population given below and answer the questions that follow:
(3)

a. Write the names given to each of these age pyramids.

b. Mention the one which is ideal for human population and why?
16.The following graph represents the organismic response to certain environmental condition(eg.temperature) :
(3)

a. Which one of these ,’A’ or ‘B’, depicts conformers?

b. What does the other line graph depict?
c. How do these organisms differ from each other with reference to homeostasis?
d. Mention the category to which humans belong.

7
 Ch13 -ORGANISMS AND POPULATION

17.Study the population growth curves in the graph given below and answer the questions which follow:
(3)

a. Identify the growth curves ‘A’ and ‘B’.

b. Which one of them is considered a more realistic one and why?
c. If dN/dt=rN[K-N/K] is the equation of the logistic growth curve,what does K stand for?
d. What is symbolised by N?
18.Give one example for each of the following: (3)
a. Migratory animals
b. Predator animals
19.(a)Explain the equation :
Nt-1=Nt +[(B + I)] - (D - E)
on the basis of the flow chart given below:

(b) Mention the different ways by which the population density of different species can be measured. (5)
20.Define the following terms and give one example for each.
(a) Commensalism (b) Parasitism (c) Camouflage (d) Mutualism (e) Interspecific competition
(5)
21.Water is the most important factor influencing the life of organisms.Life on earth originated in water and
cannot be sustained without water.Organisms living in water bodies (ocean,lake,river,etc.)also face
water-related problems.
(a) How are aquatic animals affected by the quality of water? Explain
(b) Mention any four adaptations the desert plants have, to live there successfully.
(c) Represent the value learnt. (5)
Ch-14 ECOSYSTEM
1.What is a detritus food chain made up of? How do they meet their energy and nutritional requirements? (1)
2.Mention the role of pioneer species in primary succession on rocks. (1)
3.How is net primary productivity different from gross primary productivity? (1)
4.Differentiate between standing state and standing crop in an ecosystem. (1)
5.What is common to earthworms ,soil mites and dung beetles in an ecosystem? (1)
6.What is meant by 10% law? (1)
7.Explain with the help of two examples , how the pyramid of numbers and the pyramid of biomass can look
inverted. (2)
8.Construct a grazing food chain and a detritus food chain using the following ,with five links in each:
Earthworms , birds , snake , vulture , grass , grasshopper , frog , decaying plant matter. (2)
8
 Ch-14 ECOSYSTEM

9.Distinguish between food chain and food web. (2)

10.Distinguish between upright and inverted pyramids. (2)
11. Apart from plants and animals , microbes form a permanent biotic component in an ecosystem .While plants
have been referred to as autotrophs and animals as heterotrophs ,what are microbes fulfil their energy
requirements. (2)
12.Explain the different steps involved in the process of decomposition of detritus. (5)
13.(a)draw a ‘pyramid of numbers’ of a situation ,where a large population of insects feed upon a very big tree .
The insects in turn are eaten by small birds ,which in turn are fed upon by big birds.
(b)Differentiate ,giving reason ,between the pyramids of biomass of the above situation and the pyramid of
numbers that you have drawn. (5)
14.(a)Draw an ideal pyramid of energy upto four tropic levels,where 10,00,000 J are available from sunlight to the
primary producer .Indicate the amount of energy available at each tropic level.
(b)why is pyramid of energy always upright ? Explain.
(c)mention the limitations of an ecological pyramid . (5)
15.(a)Explain how a hydrarch succession progresses from hydric to mesic condition and forms a stable
climax community.
(b)why is the rate of secondary succession faster than that of primary succession? (5)

CH-15 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERATION

1.Wrie te the importance of cryopreservation in conservation of biodiversity. (1)
2.The Amazon rain forest is referred to as ‘the lungs of the planet’. Mention any one human activity which causes
loss of biodiversity in this region. (1)
3.Name the unlabelled areas ‘a’ and ‘b’ of the pie chart representing biodiversity of vertebrates showing the
proportionate number of species of major taxa. (1)

4.Name the country that has the

(a)highest number of Ramsar sites
(b)Greatest area of listed wetlands in the world ,as on november 2013. (1)
5.Why are certain regions of the earth called hot-spots?Name any two hot-spots in India (2)

6.The above graph shows Species-area relationship.Write the equation of the curve ‘a’ and explain.

(2)
7.Observe the global biodiversity distribution of major plant taxa in the above diagram and answer the questions
that follow.

9
(a)Which group of plants are the most endangered?
(b)Why are mosses/ferns so few?Give reason.
(c)How do fungi that are heterotrophs sustain themselves as a large population?
(d)Which group of plants is most advanced and which one is most primitive? (2)
8. The sacred groves of Aravalli Hills and Ooty botanical garden ,both aim at biodiversity conservation .How do
they differ in their approaches ?Explain. (3)
9. Explain giving one example ,how co-extinction is one of the causes of loss of biodiversity.List the three other
causes also (without description)
10. Explain ‘rivet popper’ hypothesis.Name the ecologist who proposed it . (3)
11. (a)What are the two types of desirable approaches to conserve biodiversity?Explain with examples bringing
out the difference between the two types.
(b)What is the association between the bumble bee and its orchid ,Ophrys? How would extinction or change of
one would affect the other? (5)
CH-16 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
1.What is the use of unleaded petrol recommended for motor vehicles equipped with catalytic convectors?
(1)
2.Why is Eichhornia crassipes nicknamed as ‘Terror of Bengal’. (1)
3.What is Amrita Devi Bishnoi wildlife protection award given for? (1)
4.What is the objective of Joint Forest management (JFM) introduced by the Government of India. (1)
5.Where did the Chipko movement initially start?(1)
6.How did Ahmed Khan,plastic sacks manufacturer from Bangalore,solve the ever-increasing problem of
accumulating plastic wastes? (2)
7.Refrigerants are considered to be a necessity in modern living,but are said to be responsible for ozone holes
detected in Antartica.Justify. (2)
8.What is the objective of JFM introduced by government of India. (2)
9.What are heavy metals?Give 4 examples (3)
10.Draw a schematic labelled sketch of a scrubber and mention its use to remove pollutants. (3)
11.Explain accelerated eutrophication.Mention any 2 consequences of this phenomenon (3)
12.Why is e-waste recycled in the developing countries?What is the problem associated with it? (3)
13.By the end of 2002,the public transport of Delhi switched over to a new fuel.Name the fuel.Why is this fuel
considered better?Explain (3)
14.Explain 2 ways of “improper resource utilisation” that can cause degradation of natural resources. (3)
15.Discuss the role of women and communities in protection and conservation of forests. (3)
16.Draw a schematic labelled sketch of an scrubber and mention its use to remove pollutants, (3)
17. What are heavy metals? Give form ex. (3)
18.Draw a schematic labelled sketch of a scrubber and mention its use to remove pollutants. (3)
19.(a) What is El Nino effect? Explain how it accounts for biodiversity loss.
(b) Explain any 3 measures you as an individual would take to reduce environment pollution.
20. Discuss briefly the defunct ships and e-wastes. (3)
21.Expand FOAM. Describe the project of integrated waste water treatment; it is responsible for the up keep.
(5)
22. Describe the functioning of electrostatic precipitator along with a schematic dig. (5)
23.Can you imagine the amount of water that can be saved, if water is not necessary to dispose functioning in
many parts of Kerala and Sri Lanka? (5)
(a) What is meant by Ecological Sanitation?
(b) Mention any 4 advantages of this method of human waste disposal.
(c) Mention the key point of this method?
(d) What values are promoted by such communities?

10
 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURG
ASSIGNMENT
CLASS-XII- BUSINESS STUDIES

CHAPTER ONE

1, How art can be acquired?

2. What is that process called by which a manager synchronises the activity of different
departments?

3. Purity Ltd. is a rice producing company. Everyday 5,000 bags of rice each weighing 10 kg are
produced here. In comparison to the previous year this year there has been less number of bags
produced on a per day basis. The number is around 4,500 which is less than the standard target of
5,000 set by the company. The company however has been able to reduce the costs involved in
comparison to last year’s spending on the production and packaging of each bag. The quality of
bags has also been up to the mark.
Identify the concept of management overlooked here.

4. Indian Railways has launched a new broad gauge solar power train which is going to be a path
breaking leap towards making trains greener and more environment friendly. The solar power
DEMU (Diesel Electric Multiple Unit) has 6 trailer coaches and is expected to save about 21,000
per litres of diesel and ensure a cost saving of 12,00,000 per year. Mention the name of the
objectives of management achieved by Indian Railways in this case.

5. Shenoy agreed to be an employee of ‘Developers Ltd.’ on the condition that he will be given a
project offering competitive salary, promotion, recognition, career advancement opportunity, etc.
Mr. Lakshay (General Manager) puts Shenoy in a project in which promotion is not possible.
Shenoy gets disheartened and feels frustrated all the time. Such frustration also reflected in his
work and he could not bring desired results.

Identify the objective of management Shenoy could not achieve.

6. Initially ‘USHA Ltd.’ was producing grinder mixer, now with the changing scenario and
emerging trends of working women there is a greater demand for a product which is more
efficient and multi-tasker. On analysing the situation the company decided to penetrate into the
market for producing Food Processor.

Name and explain the characteristic of management highlighted above

7. Deepak Ltd. has agreed to raise its employees’ wages after every three years at a rate in excess
to the current rate of inflation and to improve working conditions. It has also offered more
favourable credit terms to its suppliers to encourage a long-term relationship. It is also reviewing
its manufacturing process to minimise the harmful impact of waste material produced in the
factory on environment.

(a) Identify the objectives being fulfilled by the management in the above paragraph.
(b) Identify the objective not discussed in the above paragraph.

8. Describe any four reasons which clarify that management is gaining importance day-by-day.

9. (a) It refers to an occupation backed by specialised knowledge and training and to which entry
is restricted. Identify the concept highlighted by this statement.

(b) State those features of the concept identitied in (a) above which are not present in
management.

10. (a) What is meant by ‘Management of Operations”?

(b) AR. Rahman is the iirst Indian to win Oscar award for his composition ‘Jai Ho’. His
composition ofmusic is unique and different as he has used the singing notes in a manner that is
entirely his own interpretation. Like A.R. Rehman, Mr. Sagar (General Manager) in Sea Ltd.,
uses his knowledge of management in a unique and different manner and all the employees
working under his guidance are happy and satisfied. He rewards the employees who come to
office on time. .

(i) Identify and state the nature of management highlighted above.

(ii) Name two other ways in which nature of management can be explained.

(iii) Identity any one value that Sagar wants to inculcate in his employees.

CHAPTER TWO

1. What is meant by ‘Paternalistic Style’ of management?

2. Define the term ‘Official Authority’.

3. Which means helps the subordinates of the same level of different departments
to communicate directly in case of emergency?

4. Shubhan and Gritik started their career in Delux Limited (a printing press) after
going through a rigorous recruitment process. Since they had no prior work
experience, the firn decided to give them one year to prove themselves.

Name the principle of management followed by Delux Limited.

5. “Principles of management enables the managers to learn from the past mistakes
and conserve time by solving recurring problems quickly.” Identify the
significance of principles of management highlighted by this statement.

6. Progressive Ltd., a Japenese company emphasis on its management and workers

sitting together and having lunch. In this way, the organisation is able to build trust
among them. Both workers and the management have a common goal of increasing
profits of the organisation.

Which concept of scientific management is being followed by the company?

7. Gurpreet Ltd. was engaged in the business of manufacturing auto components.

Lately, its business was expanding due to increased demand for cars. The
competition was also increasing. In order to keep its market share intact, the
company directed its workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in lot of
problems.

Due to increased pressure of work the efficiency of workers declined. Sometimes

the subordinates had to work for more than one superiors. The workers were
becoming undisciplined. The Spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the
company previously, had begun to wane.

Identify any three principles of management which were being violated, quoting
the lines from the above case.

8. The principles of management are framed after deep and thorough research work
and are mainly focused on influencing human behaviour. They are intended to
provide general guidelines for specific problems which arise in day-to-day
management of organisation.

Identify and explain the features of management principles represented in the

above Paragraph

9. Sakaar Foundation is an NGO (Non-Govemmental Organisation) working to

improve the lives of children with medical needs, the homeless and victims of
natural disasters. Apart from donations in cash, they collect dry ration, old clothes,
shoes, toys, books medicines etc. from donors. At Sakaar Foundation’s office in
Lucknow the material collected is segregated, classified and put in shelves and
boxes that are labelled systematically. There is a specific place for each of these
items and volunteers put everything at their respective places.

The volunteer work is divided into specific jobs like fund raising, field visits,
social media updates and so on. Each volunteer is part of a particular team,
depending on their competency and training. Each volunteer becomes specialised
in their respective field, leading to efficient utilisation of human effort.

The management of Sakaar Foundation does not close its ears to any constructive
suggestions made by the volunteers. There is an equal division of work and
responsibility between volunteers and management. All the day long the
management work side by side with the volunteers helping, encouraging and
smoothing the way for them.

(i) Identify and explain one principle each of ‘Scientific Management’ and
‘General Management’ adopted by Sakaar Foundation.
(ii) State any two values that Sakaar Foundation is displaying and promoting
in society through their work.

10. (a) Mr. Shenoy, a scientist working in a factory for the betterment of the
operational aspect studied all the steps involved in manufacturing the product. He
very attentively noticed all sorts of movements to arrive at a simpler way of doing
all the activities. With his hard work he was able to bring down the number of
activities for manufacturing of the final product from 30 to 18. This work was able
to bring down the labour charges and decrease the total time of production. Thus
he gave the organisation an added advantage.

Identify and explain the technique of scientific management discussed in the above
case.

(b) Why stability of tenure of personnel is good for the business? Give two
reasons.

11. Taylor was a firm believer in developing methods which could substitute “Rule
of Thumb” m various activities of the organisation. He wanted that the competition
between the trade unions and the management should be replaced by coordination
in decision-making. He also gave techniques which if applied in the organisation
would lead to minimise the cost of production and help in removing unnecessary
movements of the workers. He also developed a payment plan where a financial
loss in wages will work as the strongest motivator for workers to improve their
efiiciency.

Identify the principles and techniques of Taylor highlighted in the above

paragraph.
CHAPTER THREE

1.What is meant by ‘Demonetisation'?

2. Most non-vegetarian restaurants located in a Hindu dominated area are closed on Tuesday as
Hindus consider Tuesday as a holy day. Identify the dimemion of business environment reflected
by this statement.
3 (i) When did the Government of India made an announcement regarding demonetisation of
rs500 and rs1000 currency notes?

(ii) Name one of the few specified purposes for which rs500 and rsl000 currency notes were
allowed despite being demonetised.

(iii) What percentage of the money in circulation became invalid after demonetisation?

4. What is the impact of demonetisation on-

(i) Digitisation

(ii) Tax Collection

(iii) Money/Interest Rates

5. (a) Ms. Payal ventured into her business of manufacturing different types of pickles She got a
good response in the northern part of India but the product was not accepted in the southern
states, as they have yet not developed the taste of pickle in mustard oil.

Identify and state the characteristic of business environment highlighted here.

(b) Swaad Biscuits Ltd. had to withdraw all the packs of 100 gm biscuits from the make as its
label did not display information about products ingredients. Name the dimension of business
environment which makes mentioning of such information mandatory.

(c) National Digital Library of India (NDL India) is a pilot project initiated by the HRD ministry.
It work towards developing a framework of virtual repository of learning resources with a
researchers, life-long learners and differenty-abled learners free of cost.

Identify and state the dimensions of business environment highlighted above.

7. (i) ‘Global Solutions’ is a well-known software company. It has many branches throughout the
world. The company knows that it has great opportunities in its path. When it started it was
limited only to its native country. With the passage of time, within 15 years the economies of
various countries have integrated. This has come as a great advantage to this company which has
expanded. In many of the countries where it has its branches the control of government in the
public sector enterprises has diluted leading to more control in the hands of the private sector.
One of the major reasons for the success of the company has been the role of the initiator the
company has played as it was the first company of its kind to enter the market.

(a) Identify the two important concepts highlighted above by quoting the lines.

(b)) Identify and state the importance of business environment highlighted above by quoting the
lines
(ii) The Government of indie announced demonetisation of rs500 and rs 1000 currency notes
with effect from the midnight of november 8, 2016. As a result, the existing rs500 and rs 1000
currency notes ceased to be legal tender from that date. New currency notes of the denomination
of rs500 and rs2,000 were issued by Reserve Bank of India after the announcement. This step
resulted in a substantial increase in the awareness about and use of Point of Sale machines, e-
wallets, digital cash and other modes of cashless, transactions. Also, increased transparency in
monetary transactions and disclosure led to a rise in government revenue in the form of tax
collection.

(a) Name any two dimensions of business environment highlighted above.

(b) State any one feature of demonetization.

8. (a) Shenoy Ltd. is an export firm. It received a big order for handmade embroided purses and
pouches. The company decided to set up a small production unit headed by Sagar and Lakshay,
the supervisors, in a small village of Haryana. The design and specification were sent to them
through internet who in turn give regular daily feedback about the work done. As the female
workers mostly accompany their children to the production unit the company set up a day care
for their children there. The wages were paid by the company as per the Minimum Wages Act. It
has increased the disposable income in the hands of the Villagers.

Identify the dimensions of business environment highlighted above by quoting the lines.

(b) Which three sections of society has been broadly impacted by digitalisation. State.

CHAPTER FOUR

1.Shenoy is a good planner. He knows the market quite well. For last 10 years he has been
leading one or the other successful projects for his company. The company gives him
responsibility to start a new project in Dubai. With all his experience he makes assumptions
about all the possible future scenarios.

Identify the step of planning process the above para related to.

2. Identify the type of plan when a company has to take the following decision:

Should the company make or buy its requirements of packages, transport services, printing of
stationery, water and power supply and other items? How should vendors be selected for
procuring supplies? How many suppliers should the company make purchases from?

3. Saurabh decided to start a chocolates manufacturing business. He set the target of earning 10%
profit on sales in the first year. As a good businessman, he was concerned about the future of the
business, which was uncertain. He gathered information that the demand for chocolates is
increasing day-by-day. He used this information as the base for future planning and shares it with
his team. On the basis of the gathered information, he scheduled a meeting in the following week
to find innovative ways to achieve the objectives.

List the first two steps, which have been followed by Saurabh that are violated to process of one
of the functions of management.
4. How cash budget helps the management?

5. Name the two types of plans which are not classified as single-use or standing plans.

6. (a) Prateek is a very hard working manager. After working for the implementation of his well
chalked out plan he from the start of April decides to see in what ways and upto what accuracy
has his plan been implemented.

Identify and explain the step of planning process which will be involved by Prateek from the
starting of April.

(b) A company wants to increase its market share from the present 10% to 25% to have a
dominant position in the market by the end of the next financial year. Ms Shreya, the sales
manager has been asked to prepare a proposal that will outline the options available for
achieving this objective. Her report included the following options -entering new markets,
expanding the product range offered to customers, using sales promotion techniques such as
giving rebates, discounts or increasing the budget for advertising activities.

Which step of the planning process has been performed by Ms Shreya?

7(a) The Sales Policy of ‘Welcome Ltd’. is that the customers can buy goods both on cash and
credit basis. Taking advantage of this policy of the company, several customers bought goods on
credit. But now they were not making timely payment. The sales manager at first wrote to them
about the delay in payment. When he got no reply from them, he sent them a telephonic message.
Even then, several of them gave no importance to the message. The sales manager of the
company, after waiting for sometime, sent one of his representatives personally to them. Some of
the customers did make the payment, but some of them were still evading it. The company
decided to take a legal action against such customers.

Identify and explain the type of plan discussed in the paragraph given above.

(b) List any two factors which affect business plans.

8.(a) “If any employee working in Amity Public School comes one hour late to the School four
times in one month, his/her one day salary will be deducted as a fine. ” Identity and explain the
type of plan highlighted by this statement.

(b) “Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan” started by the government of India is an example of Which type
of plan? Explain it.

9. (a) On what basis plans can be classified into single-use plans and standing plans?

(b) Explain the third and fourth step of planning process.

10. (a) Yatin, a worker is given a target of producing 150 units of pen per day. Due to his habit of
doing things differently, an idea struck him which would not only reduce the per unit cost of
production but would also help in exceeding the production target of 150 units. But the
supervisor instead of appreciating him ordered to complete the task according to the methods and
techniques decided earlier.
The above para describes one of the limitations of planning function of management. Nam: and
explain that limitation.

(b)‘Bawa Cycles’ was in the business of manufacturing racing-cycles and had a monopoly in the
market. The business was doing very well and the company was consistently meeting its
objective of 10% increase in sales every year. Encouraged by the good track record, the
Managing Director of the company kept an ambitious target of 15% increase in sales for the next
year. The same year two competitors also entered the market and because of this the company
was not able to meet its target.

Identify and explain the limitation of one of the functions of management because of which the
company was not able to achieve its target.

(c) In an attempt to cope with Reliance Jio’s onslaught in 2018, market leader Bharti Airtel has
refreshed its rs 149 prepaid plan to offer 2GB of 3G/4G data per day, twice the amount it offered
earlier. Name the type of plan highlighted in the given example. State its three dimensions also.

CHAPTER FIVE

1.“ln Amity lntemational School. policy of decentralisation has been adopted. As a result Mr.
Shenoy a Business Studies teacher introduces new methods of teaching for better dissemination
of knowledge.“ Identify the importance of decentralisation highlighted by this statement.

2. Why is delegation of authority considered to be a prerequisite to the efficient functioning of“

organisation?

3. What is meant by span of management?

4. Read the conversation given below and answer the question:

“1 heard about your husband‘s promotion. He is now CEO of the company Congratulations!”.

Identify the type of organisation highlighted in the above conversation.

5.‘Hemant Enterprises‘ has divided the whole of its business into five departments. Now the
General Manager of the company is telling all the employees what different jobs are to be done
by them. While giving the jobs to the employees, the nature of job and the person‘s ability is
especially being taken into account. This also has been pre-determined who will report to whom.
This makes it clear who is superior and who is subordinate.

Identify the function and the two steps of that function of management which have been
discussed above.

6.Shenoy Ltd. is engaged in manufacturing of footwears. It’s organisational structure suffered

from the drawback of inter-departmental conflicts and infiexibility, so the company decided to
change its structure to the one which facilitates expansion and growth.

Identify the two structures highlighted above and list any two limitations of the latter one.
7. Best Ltd. and Winner Ltd. are in the same business sector. However performance of Wilma
Ltd. is much better than that of Best Ltd. On comparison of management practices of both the
companies, it was found that both the companies had delegated authority properly and there was
clarity about reporting relationships. The only difference between management practices of both
the companies was that Best Ltd. insisted communication flow through scalar chain while
'Winner Ltd. allowed flow of communication in all directions as per the requirements which
resulted in faster spread of information leading to quick decision. Identify and state the type of
organisation which enabled the flow of communication in all the directions and state its any two
more advantages.

8. Bawa Ltd. is engaged in the manufacturing of Blankets. The company’s target is the produce
1,000 Blankets per day. There is an occupational specialisation in the organisation which
promotes efficiency. There is no duplication of efforts in such type of organisational structure.

Identify the type of organisational structure highlighted above. Also, explain its any two merits.

9. A board of directors meeting was held in Gupta Pvt. Ltd. to design the advertisement
campaign to be implemented during the festival season. In the meeting the marketing manager,
Mr. Gurpreet found that he has already overloaded with the routine matters and is unable to take
up the full responsibility of campaign. As a solution, the Managing Director asked Mr. Gurpreet
to assign some of his routine jobs to the Deputy Manager and concentrate more on the
advertisement campaign.

(a) Name the process through which the assignment of routine duties of the Marketing Manager
to the Deputy Manager is possible.

(b) Explain any four points of importance of this process.

CHAPTER SIX

1. Which level of skill can be acquired through apprenticeship training?

2. What is meant by ‘Attestation Form’?

3. List any two information’s contain in the contract of employment.

4. If right kind of employees are not available, what will be the consequences?

5. Shenoy is working as Human Resource Manager in Gurpreet Ltd. He is asked to establish

wage and salary plan for companies prospective employees. He has advised to set performance
based Plan which will positively influence employee’s performance.

Identify and state the step of staffing process discussed above.

6. One of the functions of management seen as a generic function of management. Name it.

7. Chrome Consultants have launched www.naukarimilegi.com exclusively for senior

management professionals. The portal lists out senior level jobs and ensures that the job is
genuine through rigorous screening process.
(a) State the method of one of the sources of recruitment highlighted above.

(b) State any three benefits of that source of recruitment.

8. Lakshay discloses to his friend Sagar that he wants to work as a plumber. Sagar tells him that
the people seeking to enter skilled trades like electricians, plumbers, iron-workers, etc. are often
required to undergo one form of training.

(a) Identify and explain the form of training to which Sagar is referring in the above para.

(b) What is a trainee called in the process of training as identihed in (a) above.

(c) Name the category of method of training to which the process of training as identified in (a)
above relates to.

9. Payal, is working as the head of Human Resource Department in a firm. She has framed the
firm’s recruitment policy in a manner that 30% of the positions are reserved for women and l0%
are reserved for blind persons. Moreover, over the years, she has learned the skill of engaging in-
depth conversation with the applicant to evaluate his/her suitability for the job in a very calm and
composed manner. Last week she has selected five candidates for the post of junior executives
in her company. She has chosen them cautiously so that no errors are made in rejecting
candidates who would have performed successfully on the job.

(a) Identify and explain the remaining steps that are to be performed by Payal in the stafiing
process.

(b) List any two values that Payal wants to communicate to the society.

10. Though the company ATC has started its recruitment on time the process is taking a lot of
time. The earlier methods used by the company have to be changed. The company then decides
to use internet for its help so that it can get qualified personnel for its company. The company
knows that its challenges are not going to be over at this stage. They decide to have different
types of good quality tests at the stage of selection:

i) Test A will check the applicants’ reaction to emotions, maturity level, etc.

ii) Test B will involve measuring the potential of the applicants to learn new skills.

iii) Test C will involve measuring the existing skills of the applicants relating to the job.

(a) identify the source of recruitment done by the ATC company by quoting the line.

(b) Which method of this source of recruitment is later adopted by the company. Quote the line.

(c) Identify the three different tests highlighted in the above case by quoting the

lines.

CHAPTER SEVEN

1 State how effective directing helps to 'bring stability and balance in the organisation’?
2 A group in a well established company is going through a process of exchange of concepts and
ideas on different issues connected with the proper functioning of different Operations in the
company. The result of this process is that the whole group has arrived at a common
understanding about the time, delivery and arrangement of schedules and machines.

Identify the element of one of the functions of management highlighted above.

3. Give any one assumption of Maslow’s need hierarchy theory of motivation.

4. Shenoy who is a brilliant student has some problems in Business Studies. The Business
Studies teaches does not take his problems and quite often ignores his queries. Shenoy who is the
toper of his school decides to put his problems in front of the Principal. For this the Vice-
Principal tells him to write an application. He tells her he is having his exam the next day but she
say he will have to take an appointment with the Principal as she is too busy. However Shenoy
knows that he just needs to meet the Principal for a minute or two but his problem remains
unanswered.

(a) identify the communication barrier discussed above.

(b) State the category of this communication barrier.

5.Arman is the Chief Executive Officer of a reputed company. He introduced appropriate skill
development programmes and a sound promotion policy for the employees of his company. To
motivate and retain the best talent in the company, he designed the jobs of the managers to
include greater variety of work content. Identify and explain the two incentives introduced by
Arman to motivate the employees of his company.

6.(a) Ayesha works as regional sales manager in ‘Superb Ltd.’ A company dealing in weight-loss
supplements. She is very happy to see her name and picture in the company‘s news letter under
the category ‘Star Achiever’s’ for achieving a particular level of revenue.

(i) Identify the type being offered by ‘Superb Ltd.’ to Ayesha. Also state the category to which
this type of incentive belongs.

(ii) Identify the human need which is being fulfilled through these incentive.

(b) Poonam is working as the sales head of Ketan Ltd. Without discussing with her subordinates
she decides to undertake a project that would require the employees to travel out of Delhi. Some
of her female colleagues try to speak to her and inform her that they cannot travel outside Delhi
as they have to take care of their families as well. But she does not listen to them and imposes
her decision on everyone and forces them to travel outside Delhi.

Identify and explain the style of leadership being adopted by Poonam.

7. Smita had been working as an assistant manager with ‘Johnson Enterprises’ for the last ten
years. She was very popular amongst her colleagues because of her commitment and dedication
towards the work. When the manager senior to her retired, all her colleagues thought that now
Smita would be promoted. But to everyone’s surprise the vacant post was filled by an outsider,
Mrs. Rita. Smita felt demoralised and her performance started declining. She would abstain
herself often and could not meet her targets.

Mrs. Rita was a good leader, who would not only instruct her subordinates but would also guide
and inspire them. She noticed Smita’s behaviour and felt that her performance could be
improved. She started involving Smita in decision making-issues related to the organisation and
made her a part of high level joint-management committee. Smita was now punctual in office
and her performance started improving.

(i) Identify the function of management being performed by Rita.

(ii) Name the element of the above function of management which helped Rita to improve
Smita’s behaviour.

(iii) State any three features of the element identified in (ii) above.

8. A reputed hosted Gyanpradan provides medical aid and free education to children of its
employees.

(i) Which incentive is being highlighted here? State.

(ii) State its category.

(iii) Write any two more incentives of the same category.

CHAPTER EIGHT

1.What is ‘Sample Checking’ in the context of management control?

2.Give any two standards that can be used by a company to evaluate the performance of its
production department.

3.(i)Deepak Crankshafts Ltd. produces hydraulic brakes used in tractors. The company’s policy
is that at most 3% of the daily production could be defective. Over the two months period, it has
been observed that 6-7% of the production is defective. The cause of deviation found is defective
machinery.

Suggest the corrective action which should be taken by the management

(ii)’It means gap between actual performance and standard performance.’ Identify the term.

(iii)Standard are set in quantitative as well as in qualitative terms. Identify the type when it is set
in terms of ‘time to be spent’.

4. Harshit, sales manager of Fashion World Ltd. is an excellent leader. He always motivates his
team members to perform the best. Till three months ago he and his team were exceeding targets.
However, from last three months they have not been able to meet their target. On analysing the
performance it was observed that one of the team members left the job and he offered
competitor’s products to some of the clients at cheaper rates.
(i) Name the function of management and identify the step in the process of this function which
helped management to find out the fall in performance.

(ii )Identify the step followed to find the reason of fall in performance.

(iii) To ensure the performance as per set targets explain what further step a manager has to take.

Explain the steps involved in the management function highlighted above.

5. (i)“It means that control system should focus on key result areas which are critical to the
success of an organisation.” Identify the term.

(ii) The production manager requested the owner of the factory to revise the standard production
time and the differential piece wage system after the new machinery was installed.

Identify the importance of controlling highlighted by this statement.

(iii) Batra Ltd. installed CCTV cameras in the godown to keep track of loss of stock.

Identify the importance of controlling highlighted by this statement.

(iv) What should be done in case the deviation cannot be corrected through managerial action?

(v) Some employees have been assigned the job of judging the output production in an objective
and reliable manner. They are applying different techniques for achieving this aim. Some of
these are personal observation, sample checking. etc. They are also keeping the units of
measurement same as that of the units in which standards were set.

Identify the step of controlling process highlighted here.

6. Sita, Geeta and Babita Ltd. is engaged in manufacturing machine components. The target of
production is 250 units per day per worker. The company had been successfully attaining this
target unit two months ago. Over the last two months, it has been observed that daily production
varies between 200-2l0 units per worker.

(i) Name the function of management and identify the step in the process of this function which
helped in finding out that the actual production of a worker is less than the set target.

(ii) To complete the process of the function identified in (a) and to ensure the performance as per
set targets,explain what further steps a manager has to take. (5)

7(i) A project of Shenoy Group Ltd. is running behind schedule because unskilled workers take
more time to complete the task. As a result, the management decided to employ skilled workers
to complete the project on time.

Identify and state the step of the controlling process highlighted here. ‘
(ii) Varun Ltd. produces jeans on a mass scale. The company’s policy is that at most 2% of the
daily production could be defective. Over a three months period, it has been observed that 7%-
10% of the production is defective. The cause of deviation found is defective machinery.

What corrective action should be taken by the management?

(iii) Mr. Anvit had been heading the production department of Writewell Products Ltd., a firm
manufacturing stationary items. The firm secured an export order that had to be completed on a
priority basis and production targets were defined for all the employees. One of the workers, Mr.
Bharath, fell short of his daily production target by 10 units for two days consecutively. Mr.
Anvit approached Ms. Varshika, the CEO of the company to file a complaint against Mr. Bharath
and requested her to terminate his services.

Name and state the principle of management control that Ms. Varshika should consider while
taking her decision.

CHAPTER NINE

1.How is capital structure calculated?

2. ‘lt refers to the number of times earnings before interest and taxes of a company covers the
interest obligation.’ Identify the term.

3.Shenoy is running a photocopy shop in the local market. Keeping in mind the growing demand
for colored printouts by students he is planning to buy a new machinery for RS 50 lakh. Identify
the type of financial decision involved in this case.

4. The extent of retained earnings influences which financial decision of the film?

5‘ Avik is the finance manager of Mars Ltd. In the current year the company earned high profit.
However, Avik thinks that it is better to declare smaller dividend as he is unsure about the
earning potential of the company in the coming years. Avik's choice of dividend decision is
based on which of the factor that affect it?

6. (i) A lending company ‘X’ has decided to put some constraints on the company ‘Y’ to which it
has extended loan. The constraints are related to the declaring of dividends by the company ‘Y’.
They have signed a contract which puts restrictions on company ‘Y’. So unless and until it pays
back the amount taken from company ‘X’ it cannot enjoy freedom in this regard.

Identify and explain the factor affecting dividend decision highlighted above.

(ii) Prateek Ltd. is thinking of raising finance for new project. For this the company is observing
the other companies’ ways of raising finance. Their debt/equity ratios are being thoroughly
studied by the financial experts of the company.

Identify and explain the factor which affect the choice of capital structure of a company
highlighted above.
(iii) Somnath is into the business of assembling and selling of televisions. Recently he has
adopted a new policy of purchasing the components on three months credit and selling the
complete product in cash. Will it affect the requirement of working capital? Give reason in
support of your answer.

7. Lakshay Wadhwa Ltd. had an equity share capital of rs50,00,000 last year and the company
declared a return of 4% to the shareholders. It needs more funds for its expansion, this year. As
the stock market is going through a bearish phase, the company is contemplating to raise rs
10,00,000 through the issue of 1,00,000, 8% debentures. The tax rate is 50%.

Explain whether this decision will benefit shareholders or not if:

Case I : Earning before interest and tax is rs5,50,000.

CaseII : Earning before interest and tax is rs4,50,000

8. (i) Sagar wants to start a movie hall so he decides to evaluate the feasibility of starting the
project. He finds that at place A the movie hall will cost 10 crores and at place B cost 20 crores.
He decides to go for the first option-Place A.

(a) Identify and state the type of financial decision highlighted above.

(b) Also identify and explain the factor of that financial decision highlighted above.

(ii) ‘Best Bulbs Pvt. Ltd.’ was manufacturing good quality LED bulbs and catering to local
market. The current production of the company is 800 bulbs a day. Sumit, the marketing
manager of the company surveyed the market and decided to supply the bulbs to fivestar hotels
also. He anticipated the higher demand in future and decided to buy a sophisticated machine to
further improve the quality and quantity of the bulbs produced.

Identify the factor affecting fixed capital requirements of the company.

9. (i) A cosmetics products manufacturing company has decided to run an advertisement

campaign. It will hire many famous Bollywood celebrities for this purpose. The advertisement
campaign could involve more than rs l00 crores. Every major newspaper is mentioning about it.

Identify and state the type of decision involved in financial management.

(ii) What determines the overall financial health of a business?

(iii) ‘It refers to increase in profit earned by the equity shareholders due to the presence of fixed
financial charges like interest.’ Identify the term.

CHAPTER TEN

1.Which number is assigned to each transaction by the stock exchange and is printed on the
contract note?

2. Who issues a contract note in the process of screen-based trading for buying and selling of
securities?
 3. Name the document prepared in the process of online trading of securities that is legally
enforceable and helps to settle disputes/claims between the investor and the broker.

4. Shenoy has decided to work as a stock broker, so he visits his friend Gurpreet for guidance.
Gurpreet is a leading stock broker. Gurpreet tells him to first apply for registration to the
Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) as it is compulsory for all stock brokers under
the SEBl Act. What type of function is being performed by SEBI through this condition?

5. What is the common name for Beneficiary Owner Account, which is to be opened by the
investors for trading in securities?

6, (i) Explain any four advantages of electronic trading systems.

(ii) What is meant by pay-in day?

7. Ayush and Tamana are good friends. Considering the boom in the stock market they have
decided to invest in shares. Ayush is planning to subscribe to an upcoming public issue of a
private sector bank Whereas Tamana has bought 150 shares of a blue chip company at the
current market price on the advice of a stock broker.

(a) Identify the types of capital market being approached by Ayush and Tamana respectively.

(b) Distinguish on any three basis between the types of market as identified in (a) above.

8. Sagar the Chief Executive Officer of a company thinks of going with the most popular method
of raising finds used by the public companies. He discusses this option with his immediate
subordinates. After discussion he realises that since his company is a private company he should
think of some other option. Then they think of issuing the securities through intermediaries like
issuing houses or stock brokers. His nephew when comes to know about his decision decides to
suggest his uncle another way. He advises him to involve institutional investors which will help
him raise funds more quickly and many compulsory and non-compulsory expenses could be
avoided. Finally after a lot of discussion the option suggested by his nephew is selected as final.

(a) Identify the three methods of floating new issues in the primary market highlighted above.

(b) Name the type of capital market in which trading of only existing securities is done.

(c) Which type of capital market does not have fixed geographical location?

9(a) State any two functions of secondary market.

(b) The stock market regulator, SEBl has initiated a certification programme for all the market
intermediaries. Under this programme, people associated with stock exchange in any way, will
have to obtain a qualifying certiticate from the regulator. The National institute of Securities
Market, a trust was formed by SEBI, for the certification programme.

(i) Identify the type of function performed by SEBl.

(ii) State any two objectives for setting up SEB1.

CHAPTER ELEVEN

1.Payal came across an advertisement of a ‘Diwali Mela’ at Dilli Haat in Delhi. What is being
marketed through the advertisement?

2. What are the two major decision areas under ‘physical distribution’ function of marketing?

3. A marketer of colour TV having 25% of the current market share of the country aims at
enhancing the market share to 50% in the next two years. For achieving this objective he
specified an action programme. Name the function of marketing being discussed above.

4. What are the factors affecting the decision regarding what combination of various elements of
promotion is used by a firm?

5. (i) Name and state the process that is used by a producer when he wants to market his products
by a name other than its generic name. Also state any two terms that are related to the process.

(ii) What is ‘Market Offering’?

6. (i) Parvesh Ayurved Ltd., a new and leading manufacturer of herbal and ayurvedic medicines
and grocery products has captured a large share of the market in a short span of time. The
Research and Development (R & D) department of the company spends considerable time and
effort in developing eco-friendly, chemical-free and healthy alternatives for a variety of products
of daily use, like toothpaste, biscuits, noodles, soaps, shampoos and detergents, etc. Their
business orientation differs from competitors who are short sighted and serve only consumer’s
needs. Instead Parvesh Ayurved Ltd. considers larger issues of long term social welfare, paying
attention to social, ethical and ecological aspects of marketing

(a) Identify and explain the marketing management philosophy adopted by Parvesh Ayurved Ltd.

(b) State any two values that are being promoted by the company.

(ii) ‘lt refers to short term incentives, which are designed to encourage the buyers to make
immediate purchase of a product or service.’ Name it.

(iii) What is meant by controllable factors? (5)

7. Mr. Shenoy was a pen manufacturer. He used to make ball points pens in a small factory in the
basement of his house. Daily he would go to the market place and distribute pens to the retailers.
Some of the pens were sold by him on his own by meeting persons on road. He had not kept any
name for his pens. They were just blue, black and red pens. One of his friends suggested him to
keep a good name for his pens. He kept his own name for his pen and started selling pens with
the name of Mr. Shenoy pens. Then there were three categories of pens MrShenoy Red, Mr.
Shenoy Blue and Mr. Shenoy Black. Gradually his business started to pick up even more and he
made good revenue.

(i) Identify and state the functions of marketing highlighted above.

(ii) Identify the element of promotion mix highlighted above.

(iii) What two types of names do you see in the above case?

8.GurIeen intends to Start an enterprise that produces chocolates. Initially. In order to assess the
ask and preferences of the people about the chocolates she used social media and online surveys
thereafter she prepared a detailed SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat)
analysis of her enterprise to devise a strategy that will give her an edge over the competition.
Based on her analysis of the market, she decided to launch cashewnuts and almond based
chocolates under the brand name ‘Chocolove’. She has decided to fix up the price of chocolates
relatively at lower level in the beginning and later on as the demand picks up she may revise the
prices.

(i) Identify the elements of marketing mix being taken into consideration by Gurleen.

(ii) Explain any two functions of marketing highlighted above.

CHAPTER TWELVE

1.Name the component of product mix that helps the customers to exercise the right to be
informed.

2. FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India has made a proposal for Hotels and
other food outlets to declare the kind of oil/fat used in cooking each of the food items on their
menus. Name the consumer right being reinforced by this proposal.

3.Payal ordered a smart phone online. She received the smart phone through courier within seven
days of placing the order. On receipt of her order, Payal noticed that the smart phone received by
her was different from what she had ordered. She asked the company to exchange the smart
phone but the company refused to do so. She, therefore filed a complaint in the district forum
which also disallowed it. Not satisfied with the decision of the district forum, after 40 days she
decided to appeal further.

Can Payal appeal against the decision of the district forum? Give reason in support of your
answer.

4. Gurpreet purchased a car for rs20 lakh from an automobile company and found its engine
defective. Despite many complaints, the defect was not rectified. He filed a case in the District
Forum. But, he was not satisfied with the orders of the District Forum and decided to appeal.

Suggest him the highest authority where he could appeal if not satisfied again by the decision of
the next higher authority.

5. Deepak purchased a new car for rs19 lakh. Immediately after the purchase, he noticed some
defect in its engine. Soon he contacted the dealer. But the dealer paid no attention to his
complaint. Then he filed his complaint with the District Forum. He was not satisfied with the
decision of the District Forum. He filed an appeal against this decision with the State
Commission. He was not satisfied even with the decision of the State Commission. Now he
challenged the decision of the State Commission before National Commission. Deepak was not
satisfied with the decision of the National Commission also.
Suggest him the highest authority where he could appeal against the decision of the National
Commission.

6.Mr. Hemant sent a jacket to a laundry shop in January 2018. The jacket was purchased at a
price of rs5,500. He had previously sent the jacket for dry cleaning with Super Dry Cleaners and
the jacket was cleaned well. However, he noticed that his jacket had white discolouration marks
when he collected the jacket this time. On informing the dry cleaner, Mr. Hemant received a
letter confirming that discolouration and indeed appeared after the jacket was dry cleaned. He
contacted the dry cleaner multiple times and requested for compensation for discoloured jacket
but to no avail. Upon Consumer court’s intervention, Shine Dry Cleaners agreed to compensate
rs3,000 to Mr. Hemant for the discoloured jacket.

(a) Which right was exercised by Mr. Hemant at the first instance.

(b) Name and explain the right which helped Mr. Hemant to avail the compensation.

©State which consumer responsibility has been fulfilled by Mr. Hemant in the above case.

(d) State any other two responsibilities to be assumed by the consumers.

7. Tamana bought a pack of hair colour. After applying the colour on her hair she started feeling
lot of itching on the scalp. So, she then read the ‘directions for use’ as given on the pack of the
hair colour. It was clearly mentioned on it that the first time users must do a skin test in order to
ensure that they are not allergic to it.

(a) Identify and explain the two rights of consumers being promoted by the company.

(b) List any one responsibility as consumer which Tamana has failed to fulfill.

8.Sagar booked one flat in ‘Ghar Ho Apna’ project in Dwarka, Delhi by depositing a booking
amount of rs1.1 crore. He was not told by the builder that the upper floors are not approved by
Delhi Development Authority. When he confirmed the same builder said the approval will come
by June 2017 and till then he will not be asked for any more amount. On March 30, 2017 he
received a call from the builder asking him to deposit 75% of the amount within a month else he
will be charged interest for late payment. Sagar had then filed a case against the builder in the
consumer redressal agency and was satisfied with the order passed by the court.

(a) Which consumer right has been exercised by Sagar? Explain.

(b) Which consumer redressal agency Sagar must have approached to file his case?

(c) In case he had not been satisfied with the order passed by the concerned redressal agency was
he allowed to make a further appeal against the order?

Give reason.

9. (i) State any two reliefs available to a consumer under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

(ii) (a)Himesh after completing his graduation started working with a multinational company in
Delhi. But due to ill health of his parents he had to go back to his village. There he noticed that
the villagers were literate but ignorant about their rights. Many vegetable vendors were using
stones as weights to sell their vegetables. Some shopkeepers were selling food items without
having ‘FPO’ mark. Villagers did not find anything wrong with these practices. So to create
awareness among villagers Himesh decided to publish a weekly Journal ‘Jan Jagriti’.

State the ‘Right’ which Himesh has exercised by doing so.

(b)Sirajuddin purchased a car for rs 15 lacs from an automobile company and found that its
airbags were defective. After many complaints with the company that went unheard, he filed a
case in the District Forum. He was not satisfied with the orders of the District Forum. He then
appealed before the State Commission and on being dissatisfied with the orders of State
Commission, he appealed before the National Commission. Sirajuddin was not satisfied with the
orders of National Commission.

Suggest him the highest authority where he could appeal against the decision of the National
Commission.

(iii) What is the scope of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986?

 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURG
ASSIGNMENT FOR THE ACADEMIC SESSION 2019-2020
XII – CHEMISTRY

ASSIGNMENT-1
(p-BLOCK ELEMENTS)
Q1. Draw the structure of following
XeF2, XeF4, XeF6, XeO3, XeOF4, H3PO2, H3PO3, H2P2O7, H2S2O8, and BrF3.
Q2. How would you account for the following observations?
(a) Phosphorus has a greater tendency for catenation than nitrogen.
(b) Bond dissociation energy of fluorine is less than that of chlorine.
(c) No chemical compound of Helium is known.
(d) The electron gain enthalpy of sulphur atom has a greater negative value than oxygen
atom.
(e) Nitrogen does not form penta halides.
(f) In aqueous solution, HI is a stronger acid than HCl.
(g) Ammonia has higher boiling point than phosphine.
(h) Sulphur has greater tendency for catenation than oxygen.
(i) F2 is strong oxidizing agent than Cl2.
(j) NH3 is stronger base than PH3.
(k) Sulphur in vapour state exhibits paramagnetism.
(l) HF has higher boiling point than HCl.
(m) Of the noble gases only xenon is known to form established chemical compounds.
(n) ICl is more reactive than I2.
(o) All the P-Cl bonds in PCl5 are not equivalent.
(p) H2S is liquid while H2S is gas.
(q) Iron dissolves in HCl to form FeCl2 and not FeCl3.
(r) Helium is used in diving equipment.
(s) Noble gases form compounds with fluorine and oxygen only.
(t) Neon is generally used for warning signals.
(u) Xenon does not form fluorides such as XeF3 and XeF5.
(v) Noble gases have very low boiling points.
(w) The lower oxidation states become more stable with increasing atomic number in
group 13.
(x) Interhalogen compounds are strong oxidizing agents.
(y) HF is much less volatile than HCl.
(z) Though nitrogen exhibits +5 oxidation state, it does not form penta halide.
Q3. A translucent white waxy solid (A) on heating in inert atmosphere is converted to its
allotropic form (B). Allotrope (A) on reaction with very dilute aqueous KOH liberates a
highly poisonous gas (C) having rotten fish smell. With excess of chlorine forms (D)
which hydrolysis to compound (E). Identify the compounds A to E.
Q4. An element A exists as a yellow solid in standard state. It forms volatile hydride B which is
a foul smelling gas and is extensively used in qualitative analysis of salts. When treated
with oxygen B forms an oxide C which is colourless, pungent smelling gas. This gas when
passed through acidified KMnO4 solution decolourises it. C gets oxidized to another oxide
D in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. Identify A ,B, C and D and also give the
chemical equation of reaction of C with acidified KMnO4 solution and for conversion of C
to D.
Q5. X is a greenish yellow gas with pungent smell and used in purification of water. On
dissolving water, it gives a solution which turns blue litmus red. When it is passed through
NaBr solution Br2 is obtained. Identify the gas . What are the products obtained when X
 reacts with ammonia. Give chemical equations. What happens when X s reacts with hot
and concentrated NaOH solution write chemical equation and give the name of reaction.
Q.6. Explain all the oxoacids of
a) Phosphorus b) Sulphur c) Chlorine
Q.7. Write balanced equations for the following-
a) NaCl is heated with sulphuric acid in the presence of MnO2.
b) Chlorine gas is passed into solution of NaI in water.
c) SiO2 is treated with HF.
d) NaClO2 is treated with SO2.
e) Iodine is treated with conc. HNO3.
f) Chlorine gas is passed through a hot conc. solution of NaOH.
g) SO2 gas is passed through an aq. solution of Fe(II) salt.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSIGNMENT-2
(SOLUTION)
1. Two liquids A and B boil at 145 0 C and 190 0 C respectively. Which of them has higher
vapour pressure at 80 0 C?
2. Why boiling point of water is increased on addition of sodium chloride in to it?
3. Why equimolar solution of NaCl and Na2SO4 are not isotonic?
4. What do you expect to happen when RBC are placed in (a) 1% NaCl solution (b) 0.5% NaCl
solution?
5. Two liquids A and B on mixing produces a warm solution. Which type of deviation from
Raoult’s law does it show?
6. Calculate the molarity , molality and mole fraction of KI if the density of 20% ( mass/mass)
aqueous KI is 1.22 gmL-1.
7. Boiling point of water at 750 mm Hg is 99.63 0C. How much sucrose is to be added to 500g
of water such that it boils at 100 0 C? Molal elevation constant for water is 0.52 K kg mol -1.
8. Calculate the osmotic pressure in Pascals exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0 g
of polymer of molar mass 185,000 in 450 mL of water at 370C.
9. A 5% solution by mass of cane sugar in water has freezing point of 271 K. Calculate the
freezing point of a 5 % glucose in water if freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.
10. Calculate the amount of benzoic acid required for preparing 250 ml of 0.15 M solution in
methanol.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSIGNMENT-3
(ELECTROCHEMISTRY)
1. Write Short note on Lead storage battery, Fuel cell, Electrochemical cell.
2. Define conductivity, resistivity, molar conductance, equivalent conductance, cell constant,
and Kohlrausch’s law.
3. Define conductivity and molar conductivity for solution of an electrolyte. Discuss their
variation with concentration.
4. The conductivity of 0.20 M solution of KCl at 298 K is 0.0248 S cm -1. Calculate its molar
conductivity.
5. The resistance of a conductivity cell containing 0.001 M KCl solution at 298 K is 1500 ohms.
What is the cell constant of 0.001 M KCl solution at 298 K is 0.146 x 10 -3 S cm -1
6. How much electricity in terms of Faraday is required to produce (a) 20.0g of Ca from molten
CaCl2 (b) 40.0 g of Al from molten Al2O3?
7. A solution of Ni(NO3)2 is electrolysed between platinum electrodes using a current of 5.0
ampere for 20 minutes. What mass of nickel will be deposited at the cathode? ( Atomic mass
of Ni is 58.7).
8. Write the chemistry of recharging of lead storage battery highlighting all the materials that
are involved during recharging.
9. Explain how rusting of iron is envisaged as setting up of an electrochemical cell.
10. Why does the conductivity of a solution decrease with dilution?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSIGNMENT-4
(CHEMICAL KINETICS)
1. Write difference between order of reaction and molecularity of reaction.
2. What is meant by pseudo first order reaction? Give one example.
3. State a condition under which a bimolecular reaction is kinetically first order reaction.
4. For which type of reaction, order and molecularity have the same value?
5. For a certain reaction, large fraction of molecules has energy more than the threshold energy,
yet the rate of reaction is very slow. Why?
6. Why does the rate of a reaction increase with the rise in temperature?
7. Calculate the half life of a first order reaction from their rate constants given (a) 200 s -1 (b) 2
min -1 (c ) 4 year -1.
8. The half life for radioactive decay of C 14 is 5730 years. An archaeological artifact contained
wood that had only 80 % of the C 14 found in living tree. Estimate the age of the sample.
9. Derive the expression for rate constant and half life period for zero and first order reaction.
10. A first order reaction takes 40 min for 30% decomposition. Calculate t1/2.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSIGNMENT-5
(SURFACE CHEMICTRY)
Q.1. Define the followimg terms:
a) Peptization b) Dialysis c) Tyndal’s effect
d) Brownian movement e) Electrophoresis f) Adsorption and absorption.
Q.2. Write the difference between
a) Physical and chemical adsorption,
b) Lyophilic and lyophobic sols,
c) Multimolecular and Macromolecular colloids.
d) Peptisation and coagulation
e) Adsorption and absorption
Q.3. Write short note on Frendulich adsorption isotherm.
Q.4. Write the theory of Homogenous and heterogenous catalysis.
Q.5. Explain the following:
a) Emulsions b) Gold number c) Craft temperature
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSIGNMENT-6
(GENERAL PRINCIPLE & PROCESS OF ISOLATION OF ELEMENTS)
Q1. An ore sample of galena is contaminated with zinc blende . Name one chemical which can
be used to concentrate galena selectively by froth floatation process.
Q2. Indicate the temperature at which carbon can be used as a reducing agent for FeO.
Q3. The extraction of Au by leaching with NaCN involves both oxidation and reduction.
Justify giving examples.
Q4. State briefly the principles of froth floatation process, Zone refining , refining by liquation.
Vapour phase refining .
Q5. Explain the role of cryolite in the electrolytic reduction of alumina, carbon monoxide in the
purification of nickel, NaCN in the extraction of silver from a silver ore, .
Q6. Out of C and CO, which is better reducing agent at 673 K ?
Q7. How is the concept of coupling reactions useful in explaining the occurrence of non-
spontaneous thermochemical reactions. Explain giving examples.
Q8. Copper and silver lie below in the electrochemical series and yet they are found in the
combined state as sulphides in nature. Comment.
Q9. (a) Why the reduction of metal oxide is easier if the metal formed is in liquid state at the
temperature of reduction?
(b) Why pine oil is used in froth floatation process ?
Q10. Is it true that under certain conditions Mg can reduce SiO2 and Si can reduce MgO ? What
are the conditions?
ASSIGNMENT-7
(d & f-BLOCK ELEMENTS)
Give reason:
1. Transition elements show variable oxidation states.
2. First ionizatioln energies of 5d elements are higher than those of 3d and 4d elements .
3. Transition elements show paramagnetic behavior.
4. K2Cr2O7 is generally preferred over Na2Cr2O7 in volumetric analysis although both are
oxidizing agents.
5. La(OH)3 is stronger base than Lu(OH)3
6. The third ionization energy of Mn (25) is higher than that of either Cr (24) or Fe (26).
7. Cu (1) salts are not stable in aqueous solution.
8. Many of the transition elements and their compounds act as good catalyst.
9. The metallic radii of the third 5d series of transition elements are virtually the same as those
of the corresponding members of the second series .
10. There is a greater range of oxidation states among the actinoids than among the lanthanoids.
11. The enthalpies of atomization of the transition elements are high .
12. With the same d4 orbital configuration Cr 2+ ion is reducing while Mn 3+ is oxidising.
13. Transition metal compounds are usually coloured.
14. Transition elements form interstitial compounds.
15. From element to element, the actinoid contraction is greater than lanthanoid contraction.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSIGNMENT-8
(COORDINATION COMPOUNDS)
Q1. Write the IUPAC name of the following complexes :
[Co (NH3)6 ] Cl3
[CoCl(NO2)(NH3)4]Cl
[Pt (NH3)BrCl(NO2)]-
[PtCl2 (en)2](NO3)2
[Cr (en)3]Cl3
K2 [Ni (CN)4]
Fe4 [Fe(CN)6]3
[Co (en)3]3+
[Ni (CO)4]
[Ti (H2O)6]3+
Q2. Write the chemical formula of the following complexes :
Pentaamminenitro-N-cobalt(III)nitrate
Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III)
Hexaammineplatinum(IV)chloride
Pentaamminechlorocobalt(III)chloride
Copper(II)hexacyanoferrate(II)
Sodium(ethylenediamminetetraacetato)chromate(II)
Pentaaquachlorochromium(III)chloride
Potassiumtetracyanocuprate(II)
Pentacarbonyliron(0)
Q3. Give reason :
1. [Fe (CN)6]4- and [Fe(H2O))6]2+ are of different colours in dilute solutions.
2. [Ni (H2O)6]2+ solution is green but a solution of [Ni(CN)4]2- is colourless.
3. [Cr (NH3)6]3+ is paramagnetic while [Ni(CN)4]2- is diamagnetic.
4. [Ti (H2O)6]3+ is coloured while [Sc(H2O)6]3+ is colourless.
5. [Fe (CN)6]3_ is weakly paramagnetic while [Fe(CN)6]4- is diamagnetic.
Q4. A coordination compound with the molecular formula CrCl3.4H2O precipitates AgCl with
AgNO3 solution. Its molar conductivity is found to be equivalent to two ions. What is the
structural formula of the compound?
Q5. Why tetrahedral complex does not show geometrical isomerism?
Q6. A metal ion M n+ having d 4 valence electronic configuration combines with three didentate
ligands to form a complex compound. Assuming 0 > P
(a) Draw diagram showing a orbital splitting during this complex formation.
(b) Write the electronic configuration of the valence electrons of the metal M n+ ion in
terms of t 2g and e g.
(c) What type of hybridisation will M n+ ion have?
(d) Name the type of isomerism exhibited by this complex.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ASSIGNMENT-8
(CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE)

1. What is the average molecular mass of drugs?

2. Where are receptors located?
3. What is food preservatives and antioxidants? Give example.
4. Why bithional is added to soap?
5. Why cimetidine and ranitidine are better antacids?
6. What are the main constituents of dettol ?
7. What problem arises in using alitame as artificial sweetner ?
8. What class of drugs is used in sleeping pills?
9. Dishwashing soaps are synthetic detergents. What is their chemical nature ?
10. Which category of the synthetic detergents is used as toothpaste ?
11. Name an artificial sweetener which is a derivative of sucrose.
12. What are broad spectrum antibiotics? Give example.
13. Differentiate antiseptics and disinfectants giving example. Name a substance which acts a s
both antiseptic and disinfectant.
14. What are analgesics? Name a substance which acts as analgesic and antipyretic. Write its
IUPAC name and explain why it is given to heart patients?
15. Explain with examples: anionic detergent, cationic detergent and non ionic detergent.
16. Explain giving examples: Antacids. Antipyretics, analgesics, antibiotics, antiseptics,
detergents, cleansing action of soaps.
17. Analgesics are the chemical substance which gives relief to the body from pains and act on
our Nervous system. These are of two types: narcotics and non narcotics. Whereas the
former lead to addiction and are highly toxic, the latter are not.
(i) Name a substance which can act both as analgesics and antipyretic as well.
(ii) What is its IUPAC name?
(iii) How does it help heart patients?
(iv) What precautions must be taken while taking it?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ASSIGNMENT-9
(HALOALKANES & HALOARENES)
Q1. Give reason:
1. Tertiary butyl chloride reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide by SN1 mechanism while
n-butyl chloride reacts by SN2 mechanism.
2. Alkyl halides though polar are immiscible with water.
3. Vinyl chloride is unreactive in nucleophilic substitution reactions.
4. Halo alkanes undergo nucleophilic substitutions whereas halo arenes under go
electrophilic substitutions.
5. P-nitro chloro benzene under goes nucleophilic substitution faster than chloro benzene.
6. Treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in
presence of alcoholic KOH, alkenes are the major products.
7. P-dichloro benzene has higher melting point and lower solubility than o and m isomer.
8. The dipole moment of chloro benzene is lower than that of cyclo hexyl chloride.
9. Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions.
10. Chloro ethane is insoluble in water.
Q2. How the following conversions can be carried out
1. Propene to propan -1-ol
2. Ethanol to but -2-yne
3. 1- bromo propane to 2-bromo propane
4. Toulene to benzyl alcohol
5. Benzene to 4- bromonitro benzene
6. Ethanol to propane nitrile
7. Aniline to chloro benzene
8. Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
9. 2-Chloro propane to 1- propanol
10. But-1-ene to n-butyl chloride
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ASSIGNMENT-10
(ALCOHOL,PHENOL & ETHERS)
Q1. Write the mechanism for the reaction of HI with methoxy methane.
Q2. How do you account for the miscibility of ethoxy ethane with water?
Q3. Ortho nitro phenol is more acidic than orthol methoxy phenol.
Q4. Why phenol is more acidic than ethanol?
Q5. Why ethers are insoluble in water?
Q5. Name the alky halide and sodium alkoxide used to synthesize ter-butyl ethyl ether.
Q6. How will you know whether a given OH group is alcoholic or phenolic in nature ?
Q7. Which is a stronger acid phenol or cresol? Explain.
Q8. Give chemical test to distinguish between the compounds
(a) Phenol and benzyl alcohol
(b) Butane-2-ol and 2-methyl propan 2-ol
Q9. Explain the name reactions : Kolbes reaction, Reimer Tiemann reaction and Williamson
ether synthesis.
Q10. Why the boiling point of ethers are much lower than those of the alcohols of comparable
molar mass.
Q.11. Arrange the following sets of compounds in order of this increasing boiling point
Pentan-1-ol, Butan-1-ol, Butan-2-ol, Ethanol, Propan-1-ol, Methanol
Q.12 Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of butane?
Q.13 While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenol by steam distillation, name the
isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
Q.14. Write the mechanism of hydration of ethane to yield ethanol.
Q.15. What is meant by hydroboration –oxidation reaction? Illustrate it with an example.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ASSIGNMENT-11
(ADEHYDES,KETONES & CARBOXYLIC ACIDS)
Q1. Which of the following compounds will undergo aldol condensation, which the Cannizaro
reaction and which neither
1. Methanal
2. 2- methyl pentanal
3. Benzophenone
4. Cyclohexanone
5. Benzaldehyde
6. Phenyl acetaldehyde
Q2. How will you convert ethanal in to the following compounds
1. Butane-1,3-diol
2. But -2-enal
3. But-2-enoic acid
Q3. Write the structural formulas and names of the four possible aldol condensation products
from propanal and butanal. In each case indicate which aldehyde served as electrophilic and
which as nucleophile .
Q4. Explain plausible explanation for the following
(a) Cyclohexanone forms cyanohydrins in good yield but 2, 2, 6-trimethylcyclohexanone does
not.
(b) There are two -NH2 groups in semicarbazide however only one is involved in the formation
of semicarbazone.
(c) During the preparation of esters from a carboxylc acid and an alcohol in the presence of an
acid catalyst, the water or the ester formed should be removed as soon as it is formed.
Q5. Write the structure of 4-methyl pent -3-en-2-one.
Q6. How is acetone obtained from 2-bromopropane ?
Q7. Would you expect benzaldehyde to be more reactive or less reactive in nucleophillic
addition reactions than propanal ?
Q8. Explain why aldehydes are more reactive than ketones towards nucleophiles ?
Q.9. Describe the following
a) Acetylation b) Canizzaro reaction c) Crossed Aldol condensation c)
Decarboxylation
Q.10. Give simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds
a) Propanal & Propanone b) Phenol & Benzoic acid c) Pentan-2-one & Pentan-3-one
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------

ASSIGNMENT-12
(AMINES)
Q I Choice the correct option:
1. Amides may be converted in to amines by (a) Claisen reduction (b) Hoffmann bromamide
reaction
2. ( c) Wurtz reaction (d) Perkin reaction
3. C3H9N represents
(a) primary amine (b) secondary amine (c) tertiary amine (d) all
 4. Primary amines on treating with CS2 and then with HgCl2 yields isothiocyanate, this
reaction is called (a) Hofmann bromamide reaction (b) Hofmann mustard oil reaction
(c) Carbylamine reaction (d) Perkin reaction
5. Which of the following is correct about methyl amine (a) it is slightly acidic (b) it is less
basic than NH3 (c) it forms salts with alkanes ((d) it is stronger base than NH3
6. Primary, secondary and tertiary amines may be separated by using (a) ethanoyl chloride (b)
diethyl oxalate (c) thionyl chloride (d)benzene sulphonyl chloride
7. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is strongest in 9a) methylamine (b) phenol (c)
formaldehyde (d) methanol
8. Aniline reacts with which of the following to form a schiffs base (a) acetic acid (b)
benzaldehyde (c) acetone (d) ammonia
9. The vitamins absorbed from intestine along with fats are (a) A,D (b) A,B (c) A,C (d) D,B
10. RNA and DNA are chiral molecules . Their chirality is due to (a) chiral bases (b) chiral
phosphate ester units (c) D-sugar component (d) L-sugar component
11. Vitamin A is called (a) ascorbic acid (b) retinol (c) calciferol (d) tocopherol
12. Which substance is not present in nucleic acids (a) cytosine (b) adenine (c) thymine
(d) guanidine
13. Which of the following is the sweetest sugar (a) sucrose (b) glucose (c) fructose
(d)maltose
14. Mutarotation does not occur in (a) sucrose (b) D-glucose (c) L-glucose (d) none
15. Enzymes are (a) fatty acids (b) vitamins (c) proteins (d) none
16. The helical structure of protein is stabilized by (a) peptide bonds (b) dipeptide bonds (c)
hydrogen bonds (d) vander waals forces
17. The chemical extracted from the plant Rauwolfia serpentina is (a) aspirin (b) quinine (c)
bithional (d) resperine
Q2. Complete the reaction:

1. C6H5N2Cl + CuCN ? + H2O,H+ ? + NH3 ?

2. C6H5NO2 + Sn,HCl ? + NaNO2,HCl ? + H2O,H+ ?

3. C6H5NH2 + CHCl3 ?

4. C6H5N2Cl + H3PO2 + H2O ?

5. C6H5NH2 + Br2 (aq) ?

6. CH3CH2Br + KCN ? + LiAlH4 ? + HNO2 , 0o C ?

7. C6H5NO2 + Fe/HC l ? + NaNO2 + HCl ? + H2O,H+ ?

2. Why aniline does not undergo Friedal craft reaction ?

3. Describe the method for identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and also
write the equations.

4. Give reason:

1. Aniline gets coloured on standing in air for a long time.

2. Amines are having higher boiling compounds than hydrocarbons of corresponding

molecular masses but have lower boiling points than corresponding alcohols or carboxylic
acids.
 3. Aliphatic amines are stronger base than aromatic amines.

4. Amines are less acidic than alcohols of comparable molecular mass.

5. Primary amines have higher boiling points than tertiary amines.

6. Butan-1-amine is more soluble in water than butan-1-ol.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ASSIGNMENT-13
(BIOMOLECULES)

1. What are three types of RNA?

2. Name the deficiency disease of Vitamin A, B, C, B1, B12, D and K.
3. Name the alpha amino acid which is not optically active.
4. Name the pyrimidine base in DNA and RNA.
5. Name the sweetest carbohydrate.
6. Name one reducing and non reducing sugar.
7. What is the difference between (i) starch and cellulose (ii) starch and glycogen (iii)
nucleoside and nucleotide?
8. The two strands in DNA are not identical but complementary. Discuss.
9. Write the important structural and functional difference between DNA and RNA.
10. How are vitamins classified ? Name the vitamin responsible for coagulation of blood.
11. Enumerate the reaction of D-glucose which cannot be explained by its open chain
structure.
12. What happens when D-glucose reacts with (i) Br2 water (ii) HNO3 (iii) hydroxyl
amine.
13. Write short note on (a) Amphoteric nature of amino acids (b) peptide linkage (c )
denaturation of proteins (d) primary structure of proteins (e) glycosidic linkage.
14. Carbohydrates form a group of naturally occurring organic compounds and are a major
source of energy for our body. Some common example are of cane sugar, glucose, starch
etc. Chemically these are either polyhydric aldehydes or polyhydric ketones and are
classified as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides
(i) Name the carbohydrate which has maximum sweetness. (ii) Which carbohydrate is
present in milk (iii) Why is sucrose a non reducing sugar ? (iv) How do carbohydrates
act as a source of energy for our body?
(POLYMERS)
1. What is biodegradable polymer? Give example of biodegradable aliphatic polyester.
2. Discuss the main purpose of vulcanization of rubber.
3. Define thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer. Give example.

4. What is the difference elastomer and fibre ?

5. To what class Nylon 6, 6 belong on the basis of intermolecular forces?

6. Write the name and structure of monomers of the following polymers:

Buna-S, Buna-N, Teflon, Nylon 6,6 , Nylon 6, Neoprene, PVC, Polystyrene, PMMA

7. Why is Bakelite a thermosetting polymer ?

8. Identify aliphatic biodegradable polymer which is used in packing and orthopedic devices
, write its full form. Give the structures of the monomers from which it is formed . Show
the formation of the polymer.
9. Differentiate (i) addition and condensation polymerization (ii) homopolymer and
copolymer (iii) Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6.
10. Phenol and formaldehyde undergo condensation to give a polymer A which on heating
with formaldehyde gives a thermosetting polymer B. Name the polymers. Write the
reactions involved in the formation of A. What is the structural difference between two
polymers?
11. Rubber is probably the most useful polymer which we come across. It is infact the
backbone of our industry. It is present in rubber tree in the form of colloidal suspension in
water called latex. Chemically natural rubber is polyisoprene and is formed by the
polymerization of isoprene which is 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene.
(i) Why is natural rubber quite soft ? (ii) How is vulcanization of rubber carried? (iii)
What is the value associated with the use of vulcanised rubber ?
12. Formaldehyde is a constituent of a number of polymers also called resins. These are non
volatile solids or semi solids which are obtained directly from certain plants and can also
be synthesized in the laboratory.
(i) Name the main formaldehyde resins. (ii) Mention the major components of these
resins also called polymers. (iii) Which out of these is used for the manufacture of
combs, fountain pens, table tops, electric goods ? (iv) Which out of these is useful in
the manufacture of crockery? (v) What is the value associated with these polymers?
 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL. DURG

GRADE-XII ( Commerce) Sub- ECONOMICS (2019-20)

ASSIGNMENT - 1

Q.1) Calculate Net Value Added at Factor Cost from the following

ITEMS AMOUNT IN Rs.

Depriciation 700
Output sold(units) 900
Price per unit of output 40
Closing stock 1000
Opening stock 800
Sales tax 3000
Intermediate cost 20000
Q.2) Calculate sales from the following data?

ITEMS AMOUNT in lakhs

Net Value Added at Factor Cost 300
Intermediate Consumption 200
Indirect Tax 20
Depriciation 30
Change in Stock (-)50
Q.3)Calculate Value of Output from the following?

ITEMS AMOUNT in Lakhs

Net Value Added at Factor Cost 100
Intermediate Consumption 75
Excise Duty 20
Subsidies 5
Depreciation 10
Q.4) Calculate National Income from the following data?

ITEMS AMOUNT in Rs.

Depreciation 600
Import Duty 400
Output Sold(units) 2000
Price per unit of Output 10
Net Change in Stock (-)50
Intermediate Cost 10000
Factor Income to Abroad 300
Subsidy 500
Factor Income from Abroad 500
Q.5) In an economy described below, only the transactions shown take place and no other
transactions like change in stocks take place. The only sales of final product that take place are
sales to private consumers. A, B and C are the three industries.

A sells for Rs.400 to B and Rs.200 to C. consumers divide their expenditure equally between
B’s goods and C’s goods. National product is Rs.1000. what is the value added by B and C?

Q.6)Calculate Value Added by firm A and firm B from the following data?

ITEMS AMOUNT IN LAKHS

Sales by firm A to firm B 50
Purchase by firm C from firmB 30
Purchase by firm A from firm C 35
Sales by firm A to the govt 10
Exports by firm B 10
Sales by firm B to firm D 25
Imports by firm B 5
Change in stock of firm A 10
Change in stock of firm B 5

ASSIGNMENT - 2 (2019-20)

Q.1) State the meaning and components of money supply.

Q.2) Explain the role of reverse repo rate in controlling money supply.

Q.3) Explain the process of credit creation by commercial banks.

Q.4) Explain the “varying reserve requirements” method of credit control by the central bank.

Q.5) Explain how open market operations are helpful in controlling credit creation.

Q.6) Explain the ‘lender of last resort’ function of central bank.

Q.7) Explain any two methods of credit control used by central bank.

ASSIGNMENT - 3 (2019-20)

Q.1) Assuming that increase in investment is Rs.1000 crore and marginal propensity to consume
is 0.9, explain the working of multiplier.

Q.2)An economy is in equilibrium. From the following data about an economy calculate
autonomous consumption.
 a) Income= 5000

b) Marginal propensity to save = 0.2

c) Investment Expenditure = 800

Q.3) Explain the role of taxation in reducing excess demand.

Q.4) what is aggregate demand? State its components.

Q.5) Explain how controlling money supply is helpful in reducing excess demand.

Q.6) Explain how can government spending be helpful in removing deficient demand.

Q.7) Derive the two alternative conditions of expressing national income equilibrium. Show
these equilibrium conditions on a single diagram.

ASSIGNMENT - 4 (2019-20)

Q.1) Discuss the land settlement system introduced under the British Rule.

Q.2) How did commercialization of agriculture resulted in famines?

Q.3) Discuss the adverse effects of partition of the country on the agriculture sector.

Q.4) State three reason for development of railways in India.

Q.5) why did India opt for mixed economy?

Q.6) Explain “modernization” as a goal of five year plans.

Q.7) Discuss the role of small-scale industries in the generation of employment.

Q.8)”Green Revolution experienced the success in two phases.” Comment.

ASSIGNMENT - 5 (2019-20)

Q.1) Name the three principal features of the New Economic Policy.

Q.2) State the economic reforms taken by the Government under liberalization.

Q.3)Discuss the tax reforms introduced under the New Economic Policy of 1991.

Q.4) Discuss the concept of outsourcing. Name some of the services ,which are being outsourced
to India by the developed countries.

Q.5) what is meant by privatization? What are the two ways in which privatization can be done?

Q.6) Discuss the various reasons for making economic reforms.

Q.7) what do you understand by the term ‘Globalization’? Mention any 4 changes made by the
globalization of the Indian economy.

ASSIGNMENT - 6 (2019-20)

Q.1) State the objectives for setting up for institutional sources by government.

Q.2) Discuss the non-institutional sources of rural credit.

Q.3) State the limitation of organic farming.

Q.4) Briefly discuss the process of rural development.

Q.5) Briefly discuss the various measured adopted by the Government of India to improve the
system of agricultural marketing.

Q.6) Discuss the “Self-Help Group Bank Linkage Programme.”

Q.7) Information Technology (IT)is playing an important role in acting as a source of sustainable
living in the rural areas. Elucidate.

ASSIGNMENT - 7 (2019-20)

Q.1) State the functions of pollution control boards.

Q.2) State the strategies needed to achieve sustainable development.

Q.3) Discuss the various reasons for environmental crisis.

Q.4) Explain in brief, the strategies for sustainable development.

Q.5) What do you mean by global warming? Why does it occur? How can it adversely affect the
earth?

Q.6) Discuss the five rules, which should be followed to achieve sustainable development.

Q.7) “India’s environmental problems are both poverty induced as well as the consequences of
affluence”. Comment.
 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURG
SESSION 2019-20
CLASS:- XII SUB.:- ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Prepare assignment sheets for the following. Draw title block neatly. Write in capital letters.

Sheet No. Assignment/ Questions

1. Front Construct Isometric scale of 90 mm with 1mm subdivisions.
1. A regular hexagonal prism, base edge 30mm & height 76mm is
having two of its rectangular face parallel to V.P, its axis being
vertical.
2. A regular pentagonal pyramid of base sides 30mm & height
60mm, is resting on its base side on H.P. with a base side away from
the observer parallel to V.P.
3. A frustum of a square pyramid of base sides 40mm, top side of
square 60mm and height of axis 75mm, is resting on its square end
of 40mm sides in H.P. with two sides of square parallel to V.P.
4. A frustum of a regular hexagonal pyramid, sides of hexagon
pyramid, sides of hexagon at the bottom 40mm and at the top
30mm, axial height 70mm is having its axis vertical. Two sides of
hexagon at the bottom being perpendicular to V.P.
5. A cylinder of base diameter 50mm and length of axis 75mm, is
resting on its curved surface on the H.P. with its circular ends
parallel to V.P.
6. A frustum of a cone, diameter of bottom end 50mm dia of top
end 70mm & axial height 65mm is having its axis vertical.
1. Back Draw Isometric Projection of combination of Solids.
A regular hexagonal prism of base side 40mm & height 45mm, rests
on its base in H.P. with two of its rectangular faces perpendicular to
V.P. An equilateral triangular pyramid of base side 50mm & height
60mm, with a base side parallel to V.P. & nearer the observer, rests
centrally on its with their common axis vertical.
An equilateral triangular prism base side 60mm & length 80mm,
length resting on H.P. & a rectangular face on the upper side being
11ar H.P. the triangular ends being parallel to V.P. A cone of base
dia. 40mm & height 50mm, with its axis perpendicular to H.P. & its
circular base being resting centrally on the top rectangular face of
the prism.
Draw an Isometric Projection of a hemisphere resting
centrally on its curved surface of the top horizontal
rectangle of a pentagonal prism having its axis parallel to
H.P. and V.P. both. Side of pentagon = 34 mm, length of
the prism = 80
mm, diameter of the hemisphere = 54 mm.
Draw an Isometric Projection of an pentagonal pyramid
resting vertically and centrally with one base edge, at the
back, parallel to V.P. on the top face of a hexagonal prism
having two of its rectangular faces parallel to V.P.
 Side of the triangle = 34 mm, height of pyramid = 50 mm,
side of the hexogen = 30mm and height of the prism = 60 mm
2. Front Drawing of Machine Parts:- Screw threads- square, knuckle, BSW
and Metric
Back Bolt-Hexagonal, Square, J/Hook and T bolts, Nut-Square and
Hexagonal. Combination of Bolt, Nut and washer with diameter
20mm for assembling two parts together.
3. Front Free hand sketch of Studs- Plain, Square neck and Collar, Rivets-
Snap, Pan, 60 deg.CSK and Flat.
Back Screws- Round cup, Cheese, Countersunk, Grub and Socket.
Keys- Rectangular, Taper, Woodruff, Double head feather
4. Front Draw Front (right half section), Side and Top view of assembled
parts of Open Bearing. (Page 94.)
Back Draw Front (right half section), Side and Top view of assembled
parts of Bushed Bearing. (Page 92.)
5. Front Draw Front (upper half section), Side view of assembled parts of
Back Sleev and cotter joint. (Page 112.)
Draw Front (upper half section), Side view of assembled parts of
Socket and Spigot joint . (Page 117.)
6. Front Draw Front (upper half section), Side view of assembled parts of Gib
and cotter joint. (Page 131.)
Back Draw Front (upper half section), Side view and top view of
assembled parts of a Turnbuckle . (Page 138.)
7. Front Draw Front (upper half section), Side view of assembled parts of
Flanged Pipe Joint. (Page 148.)
Back Draw Front (upper half section), Side view of assembled parts of an
unprotected Flange Coupling . (Page 156.)
8. Front Draw Front (upper half section), Side view of assembled parts of an
protected Flange Coupling . (Page 161.)
Back Draw disassembly of Open Bearing (page 93)

9. Front Draw disassembly of Bushed Bearing (page 96)

Back Draw disassembly of Gib and cotter Joint. (page 131)

10. Front Draw disassembly of Flanged Pipe Joint. Figure no. 5.18 (page 148)
Back Draw disassembly of Turnbuckle . (page 140)
11. Front Draw disassembly of unprotected Flange Coupling fig. no.6.7 (page
155)
Back Draw disassembly of protected Flange Coupling fig. no. 6.17 (page
162)
 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL ,DURG
Session -2019-2020
ASSIGNMENT
Class-XII Subject –English

Assignment-1 (01-04-2019 to 13-04-2019)

a. Solve any 2 Comprehension Passages fully.
b. You have planned a two week course to be arrange to help the children of your Housing
Society acquire oral communication skills. Prepare a notice giving all necessary details.
Assignment-2 (15-04-2019 to 30-04-2019)
a. Read the poems already taught and write their summary.
b. Prepare a poster on “Kindness to animals” to be displayed at public places.
Assignment-3 (17-06-2019 to 27-06-2019)
a. In spite of 24-hour news on TV, the morning newspaper has not lost its relevance in the
daily life of common man. Write an article in 150-200 words on ‘Print media and TV
news. You are Karuna/Karan.
b. You are very much concerned about the wastage of money and manpower due to the
frequent elections in India. Write an article on the urgent need to have a stable
government.
Assignment-4 (28-06-2019 to 09-07-2019)
a. Charity begins at home. If we want a clean India (Swachch a Bharat) we have to begin
with ourselves, make individual efforts no to make our surrounding dirty. Write an article
in 150-200 words on ‘Role of individuals in society to keep our environment clean.’ You
are Karan/Karuna.
b. You have the honour of being invited as the Chief Guest at an Inter-School Debate
Contest. However due to sudden illness, you are unable to attend the same. Draft a
suitable reply in 50 words.
Assignment-5 (17-07-2019 to 29-07-2019)
a. Select a passage from “Together with English” Make notes and write the summary in 100
words.
b. Write an article in 150- 200 words on “ the Increasing Crime Rate in Today’s Society and
Ways of curbing it”.
Assignment-6 (30-07-2019 to 10-08-2019)
a. Students these days take up smoking at a young age without knowing about its adverse
health effects. Make a ‘No Smoking’ poster to educate them about its atrocious ill effects
and obsession for it.
b. ‘His was not a loyalty to abstractions. It was a loyalty to living, human beings.’ Draw
Gandhiji’s character sketch in the light of this statement.
Assignment-7 (13-08-2019 to 27-08-2019)
 a. CPR Senior Secondary School, Meerut is looking for a receptionist for the school. Draft
an advertisement in not more than 50 words to be published in classified columns of
‘Hindustan Times’.You are RamolaVij, Principal of the school.
b. Write a debate for or against the motion on “Women in Metro Cities are unsafe and
victims of Atrocities”
Assignment-8 (28-08-2019 to 07-09-2019)
a. You are Satish / Shweta. Working in an NGO which is working for the uplift of socio-
economic conditions of child labourers by counselling their parents and helping children
to go to school. You find it appalling that many people in educated society want the
practice of child labour to continue. Write an article on ‘The Role of Educated Society in
eliminating Child Labour from the country.’(150-200 words)
b. Write a speech on “The Changing Value system- A need for Re-orientation.’’
Assignment-9 (26-09-2019 to 11-10-2019)
a. Many of us have a tendency to worry about the future. This hampers with enjoying the
present day life. Infact people fret about wasting their entire life living for the future.
Write a speech in about 150-200 words to be delivered in the morning assembly on the
topic ‘The Future is now ‘ to motivate your companions to live in the present.
b. Draft a formal Invitation reply accepting the invitation of Mrs. & Mr. Kaushik on their
50th marriage anniversary. You are Mukesh.
Assignment-10 (12-10-2019 to 24-10-2019)
a. You are Ananya/Ayush. You came across a group of children who were trying to initiate
the stunts of the cartoon characters and even their heroes. They pounced, they boxed and
hit each other violently in a mindless manner. You get disturbed by this and decide to
write an article on the issue of growing violence in children by watching TV
indiscriminately and imitating their heroes thoughtlessly. Write the article in 150-200
words.
b. The story “Going Places” aptly demonstrates the fantasizing and hero worship which is
an integral part of the life of a teenager. Comment.
Assignment-11 (30-10-2019 to 09-11-2019)
a. For last few days, the students have been growing indisciplined. They don’t come in
proper school uniform, litter in the canteen and class rooms, beat their juniors, etc. Write
a speech on “Growing Indiscipline among students and ways of curbing it”, in about 150-
200 words.
b. Mrs. and Mr. T.K Chaudhary want to invite all their friends and colleagues on the
celebration of their son’s selection in IIT. Draft an invitation for the same.
Assignment-12 (11-11-2019 to 25-11-2019)
a. Games and Sports are not given so much importance in the country as is given to
academics. As a result of this our achievements in the international arena have not been
very spectacular. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily on the importance of
sports and games and on the need to create awareness about it. You are Sunita/Sameer,
8/35, M.G.Road, Bengaluru.
 b. You are Satish/Sonali, the student Prefect Incharge of the School Library. You have been
asked to place an order for children’s storybooks (Age 10-13 yrs.).Write a letter to M.S.
Book Depot, Ramnagar, Bikaner placing an order for the books. Invent the necessary
details.
Assignment-12 (10-12-2019 to 20-12-2019)
a. You are really concerned about the ways in which the advertisements in the media are
targeting children for their own needs. As Tisha, write to the Editor of “The Statesmen”
protesting strongly against this hard-core marketing.
b. ‘Culture is for people whose belly is full and not for those suffering from poverty.” Write
a debate in 150- 200 words for or against the motion.