Contributing Factors of Student’s Tardiness… 1

respondents for being tardy in coming to school were going late to bed and

waking up late (65%) and distance to school (61%). Moreover, more than half (56%) of

respondents went to bed at 10:00pm (Bolanos, Bartola and Parreno, 2017).

In this study, we report that tardiness has been quantified in year 2017 at Gabriel

Taborin College of Davao. As the first researcher focus on the data about students’

gender, age, level, and section were gathered and so the level of tardiness. However,

the factors frequency of students’ tardiness, has not yet been studied. Our study is need

to conduct because there are new students in Gabriel Taborin College of Davao, that

have a tardy behavior, for it to know the reasons behind their tardiness.

Statement of the Problem

1.What are the factors of being tardy of the Senior High School Students?

2.What is their common reasons and factors?

3.How do student’s habit correlate with their tardiness?

4.What frequent to the respondents suffer from the factors of tardiness?

Statement of the Null Hypothesis

1. There is no significant relationship between the frequency of tardiness and the

factors of tardiness.
 Contributing Factors of Student’s Tardiness… 2

Purpose of the study

The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency and factors towards

student’s tardiness among senior high school students in Gabriel Taborin College of

Davao Foundation. At this stage in the research, we will be able to provide sufficient

knowledge in terms of the factors associated with students being tardy.

Theoretical Framework

This study is seen through Burrhus frederic Skinner’s theory of Operant

Conditioning. Operant conditioning is a method of learning that occurs through rewards

and punishments for behavior. Behaviors that are reinforced will tend to continue, while

behaviors that are punished will eventually end, which make it more less likely that the

behavior will occur again. Theory of Operant Conditioning may have applied though that

a student’s tardiness best way to understand behavior is look at the causes of an action

and its consequences. Operant Conditioning has two function which is the

Reinforcement (Positive and Negative). Reinforcement increases the strength of a

behavior and punishment decreases.

 Contributing Factors of Student’s Tardiness… 3

Operant Conditioning

Reinforcement Punishment

Positive Negative Positive Negative

(stimulus (stimulus (stimulus (stimulus

presented) removed) presented) removed)

Behavior Behavior Behavior Behavior

increases increases decreases decreases

Figure 1: B.F. Skinner Operant Conditioning Theory

Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework shows how the aforementioned theory is related to

our study. Theory of Operant Conditioning may have applied to the thought of a

student’s tardiness. According to B.F Skinner, in his theory of operant conditioning, the

idea that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they reinforcement or

 Contributing Factors of Student’s Tardiness… 4

punishments, which make it more less likely that the behavior will occur again. The best

way to understand behavior is look at the causes of an action and its consequences.

The researcher used Independent Variable – Dependent Variable paradigm

format, wherein the frequency of tardiness is the independent variable because it will

affect the corresponding dependent variable which is the factors of student’s tardiness.

Independent Dependent

Frequency of Student’s tardiness

tardiness

Moderators

FACTORS:
 Distance from house to school
 Mode of transportation
 Financial constraints/standard of
living
 Too much body care and excessive
facial/body make up
 Teacher related cause
 Watching films and late night movies
 Engagement in untimely domestic
chores/activities
 TV shows/Korean drama obsession
 Going late to bed
 The habit of waking up late
 Contributing Factors of Student’s Tardiness… 5

Figure 2. Independent, Dependent and Moderators

Importance of the Study

This study aims to determine the factors and reasons why students come to

school late. This behavior ultimately contributes negatively towards a student’s

performance in school. In order to identified the factors associated with student’s

tardiness, this study will be conducted.

Scope and Limitations

Scope

This study will be conducted in Gabriel Taborin College of Davao Foundation.

The respondents are 50 randomly selected senior high school students. After which, the

chosen students will be given questionnaires regarding one’s possible tardiness and it

causes/factors.

Limitations

 Tardiness concerned questions will be answered by the respondents. The

attendance of the respondents will not be included the study

 This study concerned only in the factors/causes towards student’s tardiness.

 Contributing Factors of Student’s Tardiness… 6

 Throughout the study, all names of the respondents will remain confidential.

Definitions of terms

 Tardiness-the act or action of being late to class

 Tardy policy-a specific set of roles and consequences for students who

have arrived late to class without a verified or appropriate excuse

 Attendance-the persons or number of persons attending

 Habit-the usual way of behaving, something that a person does often in a

regular and repeated way

 Behavior-the way a person acts or behaves

 Factors-one of the things that cause something to happen

 Punishment-the infliction or imposition of a penalty as retribution for an

offense

 Reinforcement-the action of strengthening or encouraging something

 Frequency-the number of repetitions or the number of proportion,

percentage, of items in a particular category on a set of data.