Gem International School

Unit Test BIOLOGY

NAME : ………………………………………................. DATE : 4/7/19

GRADE : ………………………………

1. What will be the genotypes of the offspring resulting from a genetic cross between two
individuals, one of which is homozygous dominant, (TT), and the other heterozygous?

A all Tt B 50% TT, 50% tt C 50% TT, 50%Tt D 25%TT, 50% Tt, 25% tt (1)

2. The boxes on the left contain some genetic terms. The boxes on the right contain definitions of
genetic terms. Draw one straight line to join each term to its correct definition. Draw only five
lines.One example has been done for you.
3. The number of human male and female babies born is approximately equal.
Fig. 4.1 is an incomplete diagram to show the inheritance of the sex chromosomes in humans.
(i) Complete Fig. 4.1 by filling in the sex chromosomes of the gametes and children.

(2)

The couple in Fig. 4.1 are expecting another child.

State the probability (chance) that it will be a boy.
.............................................. [1]
(iii) Write a letter M on Fig. 4.1 to show where meiosis occurs. [1]

4. A brown mouse mates with a white mouse. There are 8 brown mice and 9 white mice in the
offspring. The same two mice mate again. There are 9 brown mice and 7 white mice in the
offspring. What are the genotypes of the parents most likely to be?
A heterozygous × heterozygous
B homozygous dominant × heterozygous
C homozygous dominant × homozygous recessive
D homozygous recessive × heterozygous (1)

5. The phenotype of an organism is its

A combination of alleles.
B family pedigree.
C genetic make-up.
D observable features (1)
 6. One parent has blood group A and the other parent has blood group B. Their first child has
blood group O. What are the possible blood groups of their next child?

(1)

7. HbA is the allele for normal haemoglobin and HbS is the allele for abnormal haemoglobin that
causes sickle-shaped red blood cells. Which row correctly matches a genotype to its
phenotype?

(1)

8. Fig. 9.1 shows a genetic cross between a purple flower and a white flower. Components of the
cross are labelled with the letters U–Z.
(a) Use the letters U, V, W, X, Y, or Z from Fig. 9.1 to answer the questions.
You may use any letter once, more than once, or not at all. State which letter represents:
(i) the genotype of a heterozygous parent .................. [1]

(ii) a gamete .................. [1]

(iii) the phenotype of an individual .................. [1]

(iv) a pure-breeding offspring. .................. [1]

(b) State the ratio of purple flowers to white flowers produced in this cross.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 5]
8. Following fertilisation, seeds will form. In pea plants there are two alleles for height:
• tall (T)
• dwarf (t)
(i)Define the term allele.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) A farmer wanted to identify the genotype of tall pea plants as either homozygous
dominant or heterozygous. He used a homozygous recessive dwarf pea plant to
 determine the genotype of the tall pea plants. State the name of this type of genetic
cross.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) Complete the genetic diagram to determine the genotype of the parent plant if all the
offspring from the cross are tall plants.

parental phenotypes tall × dwarf

parental genotypes .................................. × ..................................

offspring genotype .............................................................................................................

offspring phenotype ........................................................................................................... [4]

9. Some people inherit colour blindness and cannot identify certain colours, even in bright light.
The gene responsible for colour vision is located on the X chromosome.
There are two alleles for this gene on the X chromosome:
• XB – normal colour vision
• Xb – colour blindness.
(i) People that are heterozygous for colour blindness are called carriers. State the
genotype of a heterozygous female carrier.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) There is no gene for colour vision on the male sex chromosome. State the genotype
of a colour-blind male.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]
Fig. 4.2 shows a pedigree diagram for colour blindness

(iii) Person 13 in Fig. 4.2 is male. His parents are person 7 and person 8. Use the key to
complete Fig. 4.2 by drawing the correct symbol for person 13. [1]

(iv) Colour blindness is a sex-linked characteristic. Explain why females 4 and 5 are carriers
even though their mother is not a carrier.

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.......................................................................................................................................[2]