Employee Welfare Measures at Reddy Drugs Laboratories

INTRODUCTION
For the project work, I was working with the HUMAN RIGHTS department at
REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES. Reddy Drugs Laboratories, is aqua and
poultry food manufacturing Company. The unit was established with GMP
standards by the team of technically qualified professionals with innovative
skills in respective fields. Reddy Drugs Laboratories has been successfully
being introducing innovative specific products with clear and consistent results
in the field of veterinary poultry and aqua culture.
The project emphasizes on Employee Welfare.
This sector was entirely new to me and understanding the technical terms which
were commonly used in the organization was of utmost importance. Having
done this, we learned how to approach employees through cold calling, where I
was told to give them the information about different employee measures taken
by Reddy Drugs Laboratories and the facilities provided to them.
The next phase of the internship dealt with visiting the factory of Reddy Drugs
Laboratories. I was asked to go for factory visits and help them with the
problems they are facing (if any).
This was followed by visiting various departments and areas of factories to take
permission to analyze the situations in factory, and how the workers are
working in factory environment.
Besides this, I also visited head office of Reddy Drugs Laboratories, to see the
office environment and took feedback from the office staff. Apart from that I
had a Technical Analysis training session as well, where I learn some technical
stuff as well about the feed and poultry food manufacturing.
This internship was a complete learning process for me. Working in the
corporate sector was an altogether different experience. It helped me understand
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the food manufacturing, to use the knowledge and skills acquired academically
in real situations, to understand the role marketing department plays and how all
other departments are inter linked in an organization.
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NEED FOR THE STUDY
Welfare in the broader sense means “well-being of the employee”. Welfare

measures are the steps taken by the management to create a good environment
in which the workers feel satisfied both physically and mentally and in the end
produce best results by putting their maximum efforts.
 To understand the extent to which the welfare measures provided by

REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES towards their employees are
satisfied or not.
 To know the level of awareness of employees about the various welfare
measures provided to them.
 To study how the welfare facilities provided helps in increasing the
productivity and job satisfaction.
 To learn how welfare services provided to employees help organization
to build up a stable work force by reducing absenteeism and labor
turnover.
 To offer useful suggestions for improving the effectiveness of welfare
measures.
 To recognize the importance of welfare measures for unit employees to

achieve the organizational goals.
The real need for welfare arises from the two basis condition generally known
as the ‘long aim of the job’ and the ‘social invasion of the factory’. The working
environment of any job on factory or mine or a workshop imposes some adverse
effect on the workers because of the heat, noise, and order, fumes etc. involved
in the manufacturing process. There are also occupational hazards and
environmental problems inherent and inevitable in the manufacturing process
itself, which cannot be removed or reduced. As a result productive devices and
compensatory benefits have to be provided for the welfare of the workers. This
can be referred to as the ‘long aim of the Job’ which stretches out its adverse
effect on to the workers, long after Ins normal working hours, affecting Ms
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Physical mental well-being. Hence, the need for welfare services within the
factory or work place is felt.
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SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study covers all the statutory welfare measures namely canteens, washing
facilities, resting facilities, dress and storing facilities, sanitary and drinking
water facilities and the non – statutory welfare measures namely education,
housing, cooperatives, transport and recreation.
It also includes a study on issues like grievance handling and working

environment, which also have impact on the overall welfare of the worker.
The study is conducted only on employees of REDDY DRUGS

LABORATORIES which forms the universe of this study.
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THE OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
 To understand the extent to which the welfare measures provided by

REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES towards their employees.
 To know the level of awareness of employee about the various welfare
measures provided to them.
 To study how the welfare facilities provided helps in increasing the
Productivity and job satisfaction.
 To learn how welfare services provided to employees help organization to

build up a stable work force by reducing absenteeism and labor turnover.
 To offer useful suggestions for improving the effectiveness of welfare
measures.
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METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses in detail the methodology followed for the study. It
firstly discusses the method that has been used for data collection.
Data collection is of two types namely:
1. Primary data
2. Secondary data
Secondly it details the sample, the size, the type and finally gives justifications.
Data collection
Adequate and relevant data is essential for any meaningful research .It forms the
basis of the study by supporting the analysis. For any research the two types of
data are necessary:
1. Primary sources
2. Secondary source
PRIMARY SOURCES:
The primary source of data is applied for getting the required and relevant
information directly from the employees. The following are the data collected
through primary sources.
a) Type of welfare measures provides under REDDY DRUGS
LABORATORIES
b) About the course covered through discussion with the employee and
through questionnaires.
SECONDARY SOURCES:
The secondary source of data was collected through obtaining records and files
from the personnel department of Ravulapalem. And the institutional guide gave
us the remaining necessary information and the staff relating to personnel
department gave me all the necessary information to complete the study.
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SAMPLE
A sample was required for the study because the number of employees at the
plant was excess of 200.therefore a representative sample was selected.
SIZE
A sample of 50 employees has been selected .Although it looks to be a small
sample keeping in view the large number of employees it has to be limited
because of time constraint (31 DAYS).Even then the sample size is not
considered to be small. It is enough to draw conclusions.
TYPE
We have selected Simple random selection technique .We felt that this was the
only technique that provided him with a representative sample. Since employees
from all levels namely the top level, the middle level, and the lower level are
beneficiaries to the welfare schemes the sample has to include employees from
top level and middle level only. Random sampling technique provide with this
opportunity. At the strata level employees have been chosen at random to avoid
any similarity or bias.
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LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
 The study was purely based on the information given by the employees and
there are chances for gave wrong data.
 The time period was not sufficient for the study.
 The sample size is 50, so the employee’s opinion may not reflect the exact
scenario.
 Employees are very busy in their work so they gave answers very much in
the questionnaire method.
 Certain employees were biased in answering to the questions.
 Some employed are illiterate and may not be able to fill up the questionnaire
themselves.
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INTRODUCTION
Feed manufacturing on a commercial and scientific basis started around 1965

with the setting up of medium-sized feed plants in northern and western India.
Feed was produced mainly to cater to the needs of dairy cattle. The poultry
sector was not developed at that time and was restricted to backyard production,
with the desi (or native bird) kept mainly for the production of eggs. The poultry
industry is now growing in importance. Today, the Indian feed industry is worth
approximately Rs 45 billion, that is about US$1 billion.
THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY OF INDIA

India's animal wealth is quite large in terms of its populations of cattle, poultry,
sheep and goats, camels, horses and pets. Recently, aquaculture has also been
growing in importance in India.
Dairy cattle
Worldwide, India is number one in milk production, at 78.0 million tons per
annum, and the dairy industry is spread across the whole country. India has one
of the largest populations of cattle and buffalo in the world. In a total of 288
million head, there are 10 million cross-bred cows, 15 million good milk cows
of local varieties and 36 million buffaloes of good milk varieties.The remainder
of the cattle population is of a non-descript variety and a sizeable proportion
consists of bullocks.
The cross-bred population is either Jersey or Holstein-Friesian, crossed with

local cows. Cross-breeding was a natural solution to upgrading the milk yield in
the absence of high-value imported varieties of pure-bred animals. The buffalo
breeds are unique to India, and produce milk with a fat content of 7 to 8 percent.
Milk is seen as a health drink and a variety of Indian sweets are prepared from
milk. The ice-cream market is growing.
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Farms are located on the outskirts of cities and within cities. Almost all villages
have a number of cattle, but there are only a few organized dairy farms. In
India, dairy is not so much an industry as a smallholder farming activity.
Growth in the milk sector has occurred mainly through cooperative efforts.
Cooperatives started by supplying milk collection centers, where milk was
collected from villagers in quantities as small as 1 litre, and gradually started to
provide other services to farmers, including education, artificial insemination,
veterinary health support and feeding. The small farmers became prosperous,
loan facilities were made available through banks, and member farmers started
to share the profits from cooperatives. Cooperatives also set up their own
modern computerized feed plants. They have modern milk processing plants
from which they produce and market pasteurized milk, butter, butter oil,
chocolate, ice-cream and milk sweets, which are very popular with Indian
consumers. Today, the feed production from cooperatives is about 0.6 million
tons per year.
The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), which has excellent facilities
for research on breeding, nutrition and health care, has played a pivotal role in
setting up cooperatives. Without NDDB and several of the existing dairy
cooperatives, the milk sector in India would have suffered.
The dairy industry in India is expected to grow, but growth will be restricted to
individual small farmers. It is unlikely that India will see the advent of large,
organized dairy farming in the near future.
Poultry
Compared with the rest of the livestock sector, the poultry industry in India is
more scientific, better organized and continuously progressing towards
modernization. Breeding and feeding management has improved through
education, training, competition, expansion and survival instincts. India is the
world's fifth largest egg producer, with a total production of 40 billion eggs per
year. The broiler industry is growing at the rate of 10 percent per annum.
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India has 150 million layers and 650 million broilers. Annual per capita
consumption of eggs is 40, and that of broiler meat is 1 000 g. Although these
figures are low in comparison with those for developed countries, the industry
has great potential to expand because 30 percent of the country's population
(about 300 million people) is developing economically and the demand for
poultry products is therefore likely to grow.
The poultry industry has witnessed several ups and downs in the last 25 years as
a result of unplanned growth and a lack of government regulation. Currently, it
is growing at the rate of 10 percent in broilers and 6 to 7 percent in layers and is
going through a phase of integration in broilers which is likely to change the
face of the industry. Although the phenomenon is new, it is expected that there
will be very rapid changes towards integration as more farmers find it
increasingly difficult to run farms with marginal profits or negative margins.
The poultry industry is very modern, with pure-line breeding, the latest vaccines
and medicines, environmentally controlled poultry houses, up-to-date
processing units, the latest management practices, chicken processing, exports
of hatching eggs and excellent feed quality.
Sheep, goats and camels
The sheep and goat sector is mostly in the hands of nomadic tribes and no
significant scientific husbandry, rearing and management practices are
implemented. Research on breeding and nutrition is being conducted at research
institutes and agricultural universities.
Most of the country's camels are located in the desert area of the western part of
India, in the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat, bordering Pakistan. Camels are
reared by individuals who feed them local ingredients. There is a lack of
scientific management practices, genetic studies and scientific feeding practices
in camel rearing and the industry survives mostly on the basis of local, long-
established knowledge of feeding and breeding. There is, however, a fairly good
disease diagnosis and treatment system, with modern medicines and vaccines.
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Swine
India is a multilingual, multiracial country whose people hold various religious

beliefs. Although the majority of the population is Hindu, there are sizeable
minorities of Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsees and others.
India also has a large tribal population and is a plural society in which the
sentiments of each social and religious group need to be respected for harmony
and peaceful coexistence. Thus, most states in India have banned cow slaughter
and the beef industry is therefore non-existent. The majority of people
disapprove of pork consumption, maybe because of the lack of scientific
management on swine farms. Swine reared on the streets are very unhygienic
and buyers are always suspicious about the source of pork, so there is no
organized pork industry
Aquaculture
The aquaculture industry is relatively young. Prawns and fish are grown in both
fresh and brackish water, the latter being located mostly in the southeast and
southwest coasts. Aquaculture feed is manufactured with highly scientific
methods and modern plants that use new technologies and are highly efficient.
Multinational companies from Thailand and Taiwan Province of China have
invested in this business. India exports most of its aquaculture products.
Horses and pets

The Indian equine industry goes back more than 50 years and is considered
modern, scientific and very well equipped in terms of every aspect of animal
husbandry practices. The equine industry is spread across India and is restricted
to horse racing. Imports of good genetic material are quite common in this
industry. The feeding of these valuable animals is mostly at the farm level under
the supervision of experienced people following traditional practices. What
innovation there is tends to be closely guarded by the companies concerned.
The Indian pet industry is in a nascent stage, with the main focus being on dogs
rather than cats and the emphasis on breeding and training. Regular dog shows
are held by enthusiastic dog owners to increase awareness of the rearing of
good-quality pure-breeds; dogs are a source of pride for households. In many
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cities, animal health care systems are run by qualified vets with well-equipped
facilities such as X-ray machines, surgical facilities, imported vaccines and the
latest drugs. The feeding of pets is however, left to the household. Some
commercial preparations are available in the form of dog biscuits, chews, etc.,
but dogs are fed mostly on home-cooked food. One of the reasons for this could
be the high cost of commercial pet food.
FEEDSTUFFS AND INGREDIENTS IN ANIMAL FEEDS
India is currently self-sufficient in livestock feeds and does not depend on

imports. Instead, the country exports large quantities of solvent extracted meals,
which are a major source of foreign exchange earnings.
Cereals and grains
Maize, sorghum and bajra (a type of millet) are commonly used in animal
feeds. Wheat and rice are mainly retained for human consumption.
Cakes and meals
Commonly used commodities of this kind are soybean, groundnut, rapeseed,

sesame and sunflower meals in poultry feed. In cattle feed, in addition to these
meals, others such as cottonseed and copra are used as premium ingredients.
Feeds of animal origin
Meat-meal, fishmeal, bone-meal and dicalcium phosphate of bone origin are the
common raw materials available for animal feeding. It is interesting to note that,
with the exception of some bone-based dicalcium phosphate, the Indian feed
industry does not use materials of animal origin in dairy cattle feed. This was
not out of fear of any zoonotic problems but the result of deep-rooted beliefs
that the cow is sacred and must therefore be vegetarian. Now even the use of
bone-based dicalcium phosphate has been banned and mineral-based dicalcium
phosphate is used instead.
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Fishmeal and meat-meal were popularly used in poultry feed, but the increased
production, improved availability and better awareness of soybean meal has led
to its replacing fishmeal and meat-meal in most poultry rations. It should be
mentioned that farmers have faced production problems owing to the bacterial
contamination of fishmeal and meat-meal. The quality of fishmeal is also very
poor.
Popular by-products
Some by-products are very nutritious and palatable to cattle, and these products
from the bulk of cattle feed. They include wheat bran, rice bran and oil-
extracted rice bran, tapioca, guar meal, safflower meal, maize gluten and
molasses. A special mention should be made of Indian cattle feed's unique use
of hulls or shells, popularly known as chunis in the local language. These shells
come from pulses: horse gram, black gram, mung bean and pigeon pea.
Minerals and vitamins

Cattle feed is necessarily enriched with vitamins A and D3, and trace minerals
such as iron, zinc, manganese, copper, cobalt and iodine. Calcium and
phosphorus are also included. Poultry feed is enriched with all of these and all
of the B complex vitamins.
Feed additives and supplements
Feed additives and supplements have played a very important role in enhancing
the performance of dairy animals and, even more so, poultry. Today they are
necessary in any feed formulation and essential for the formulation of a
balanced diet. The additives and supplements used are antibiotic growth
promoters (their usage is not banned in India), prebiotics, probiotics, enzymes,
mould inhibitors, toxin binders, anti-coccidial supplements, acidifiers, amino
acids, by-pass fat, by-pass protein, non-antibiotic growth promoters, milk
boosters, antioxidants, feed flavours and herbal preparations of Indian origin. A
number of these products are imported from developed countries.
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ANIMAL FEED COMMODITY PRODUCTION
Maize and sorghum
Maize is one of the most important cereals used in animal feed. The annual
production of maize is about 10.5 million tonnes; about 4 million tonnes of
which are used in the starch industry, 4.5 million tonnes in animal feeds and 2.5
million tonnes in human consumption and seed production. Maize production
has remained almost static in the past three years while demand is increasing.
The major crop is during the Kharif season (June to October), which accounts
for 90 percent of the total. The remaining 10 percent is harvested in the Rabi
season (November to February).
The import of maize used to be restricted but, since April 2000, imports have
been approved under open general licence (OGL). There are, however, 15
percent duty and a grain inspection fee to be paid, so there is no price parity
between imported and domestically produced maize. There is no subsidy or
minimum price index for maize, and the price varies with the market demand.
Maize cannot be exported.
Sorghum and bajra are very sturdy varieties of millet that can grow under
limited rainfall conditions and are popularly used in animal feeds. Production of
sorghum has remained static. There is no export of sorghum and bajra (millet).
Rice bran and solvent-extracted rice bran
Rice bran and solvent-extracted rice bran are by-products. India is one of the
world's largest producers of rice, producing 87 million tonnes during 1998/99
(1.7 percent more than in the previous year), and India produces approximately
2.95 million tonnes of solvent-extracted rice bran, which is regularly exported.
Oilseed meals
India produces soybean, groundnut, rapeseed, sunflower, sesame and cotton
meals and these are used as major ingredients in animal feeds. The production
of solvent meals is shown in Table 3.
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For animal feeds, soybean is the most frequently used oilseed meal and has
completely replaced fishmeal in poultry feeds. Cottonseed cake and meal are
often used in cattle feed throughout the country. Groundnut meal is less popular
because of the aflatoxin problem. Rapeseed meal is second to soybean meal in
production and second to cottonseed cake and meal for cattle feed. Sunflower
meal is commonly used in both cattle and poultry feed.
India regularly imports edible oil and imported 4.4 million tonnes in 1998-1999.
These imports have created problems for the country's crushers and, although
India has about 600 solvent extraction units, they are running at only 50 percent
of capacity.
India's economy is agro-based but the yield per hectare is a cause of major
concern to the country's farmers and agriculture. The government recognizes
this and there are subsidies on fertilizers and power tariffs. The government also
assures base prices for many agro-based commodities. With a population of 1
billion people, the demand for agroproducts is great and India will have to
augment its agricultural production by several hundred percent if the country is
to remain self-sufficient.
FEED STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
For cattle and poultry, nutritional standards have been prepared with respect to
the genotype, environment, quality of available raw materials, maintenance
methods, production and reproduction requirements, production capacity and
phase of production.
The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is a central government organization that

facilitates discussion between scientists and industry and prepares guidelines
and specifications.
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FEEDING PRACTICES AND THE USE OF COMPOUND
FEED
In India, the term "compound feed" refers to feed that is nutritionally balanced
and has been manufactured using the facilities of an analytical laboratory and
under the supervision of nutritionists. There are also a large number of small-
scale feed mixers who produce feed for local consumption. Such feed is termed
"self-mixed feed" or "home-mixed feed".
Cattle feed
Cattle feeding practices are very traditional. Farmers choose their own
ingredients and prepare their own formulations, believing that by these means
they are able to pay more individual attention to their cattle. The productivity of
the cattle is limited because of their poor genetic make-up, so high-quality
compound feed (industry feed) may not necessarily generate a significant
improvement in productivity and this has hampered growth of the cattle feed
industry because most farmers are reluctant to use compound feed fully. Instead
they compromise by using such feed in proportions of 5 to 60 percent, making
up the balance with their own formulations. It is only in the case of highly
productive animals that compound feed has been able to show its real potential
and the importance of technology has been demonstrated.
The share of compound cattle feed manufactured by the industry, in relation to

the overall potential, is low for the following reasons:
 The cattle population is fragmented and spread over large parts of the
country. Farmers' low level of education and strong traditional beliefs mean
that there is generally little awareness of compound cattle feed.
 More than 50 percent of the country's total milk production comes from a
very large number of low-yielding cows and buffaloes. A further 25 percent
of milk production comes from buffaloes and only the remaining 25 percent
of the total is produced by cross-bred and improved cows.
 Industrially manufactured compound cattle feed has proved its value for
cross-bred cows and buffaloes but not for low-yielding cattle because of
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their genetic limitations. Home-mixed feed is very frequently used for
buffaloes and low-yielding cattle.
Poultry feed
Poultry feed is divided into layer and broiler feed. In the case of layer feed, cost
is the main constraint in using compound feed. An innovative, high-value
compound feed can result in increased numbers of eggs, but the risks are too
high because of the birds' long life cycle.
Compound feed has, however, made a major contribution to broiler feeding.

This is an example of excellent coordination among instrument technology,
formulations and use of feed additives and supplements. Cost is a less important
factor because the performance improvements are greater than the cost increases
and the birds' life cycle is short.
Two types of poultry feed are prepared. One is ready-made and in the form of
mash or pellets. The second is in concentrated form for mixing with an energy
source. Concentrates are protein sources, balanced in amino acids and
containing vitamins, minerals and feed additives. They are mixed with energy
sources such as maize, sorghum or bajra to prepare poultry rations.
The quality assurance of compound feed

The Indian feed industry employs the services of qualified nutritionists.
Members of the industry have their own analytical laboratories and either have
their own research and development facilities or have access to the research
laboratories of agricultural universities or government institutions. The industry
is fully committed to quality and it’s technical staff are knowledgeable about the
nutrition of cattle, buffaloes, layers and broilers.
As well as the normal proximate principles, other analyses are regularly carried
out, such as amino acids, aflatoxin, ochratoxin, castor, tannins and urease
activity. There is a high degree of awareness of feed microbiology among the
millers of feed. Feed raw materials and finished products are subjected to
microbial counts, Salmonella and Escherichia coli testing and mould count, and
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contaminated materials are rejected and sometimes destroyed. Insurance cover
is available.
The feed millers have acquired the latest technologies and modern equipment
such as high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and near-infrared (NIR)
analyzers. All vitamins, minerals and other feed additives are regularly analyzed
using modern analytical techniques.
Regular seminars are conducted, short-term courses are arranged and Indian
scientists are constantly working to upgrade the quality of Indian feed and make
it completely safe for animal feeding.
The quality of Indian feed can be compared with that of any Western feed.
Today it is common to achieve a chicken house average of 310 eggs in 52
weeks, in layers, and body weights of 2.0 kg in less than six weeks, with a feed
conversion ratio of between 1.8 and 1.9, in broilers. Dairy feed can use the
genetic potential of Indian cattle at its maximum. The quality of Indian feed is
satisfactory and innovation will continue.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN ANIMAL FEED
Given the importance of feed ingredients, Indian scientists have worked on

various aspects of research and development in the field of animal feeds and
feeding. In the 1960s, all Indian raw materials were analysed for their proximate
composition, metabolizable energy values and deleterious factors. During the
1970s, the government sanctioned special projects to study the use of by-
products in animal feeds. Various by-products were considered and their
nutritional parameters studied (a list of the various by-products available in
animal feeds is given in Table 9). Indian scientists analyzed ingredients for their
chemical values and studied their biological values, and this information was
useful to the industry in the initial stages of growth. In the 1970s and 1980s
subsequent research was conducted on the energy-protein and energy-amino
acid ratios and the vitamin and mineral requirements of animals. During the
next phase of research, the main focus was on bypass fat and bypass protein
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utilization in ruminants, and on the role of various feed additives in enhancing
milk, egg and broiler meat production. Research and development work has
been conducted on least-cost formulations and usage of synthetic amino acids.
By-products used in animal feed
Forest produce Babul seed, dhaincha seed, puwad seed, patwa seed, sagaon
seed, san seed, tulsi seed, tamarind seed, babul falli, mesta seed, food industry
Biscuit waste, cocoa-shell powder, cocoa beans, maize dust, macaroni waste,
issapgul chhala, Gum and starch industry Guar seeds, guar kurma and chuni,
dhaincha kurma, tapioca milk powder, tapioca spent pulp, maize gluten, maize
cake, Fruit and vegetable processing Orange peel, spent lemon, orange waste,
jamun seed, potato waste, tomato waste, mango kernel, pineapple waste, mango
seed extraction, coffee waste, extracted tea leaves, Alcohol industry Barley
waste, yeast sludge, grape extractions, penicillin residue, Essential oil industry
Spent residue of pepper, cardamom and ginger, spent ajwan seed, spent anthia
seed cake
Note: Most of these by-products are used in cattle feed. They are regional and
seasonal and used, always fresh, in small quantities.
Source: Author's selection from various research and published work.
THE FEED INDUSTRY AND CLFMA

CLFMAwas formed in June 1967 as an association of feed manufacturers and
associated industries such as ingredient suppliers, importers, feed additive
manufacturers, consultants, hatcheries and milk cooperatives and feed machine
manufacturers. The objectives of CLFMA are to promote the concept of
nutritionally balanced compound feed; to promote, assist, organize and
coordinate scientific research in the field of animal nutrition; to conduct, assign,
sponsor or co-sponsor surveys and studies; to collect, classify and circulate
information related to animal feed to its members and government; to offer
suggestions to government in formulating policies; and to impart training to
livestock farmers, feed mill personnel, veterinarians, students and others. The
office-bearers of CLFMA are elected and operate for a maximum of two years
at one level.
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Over the years, CLFMA has been able to solve many problems of the industry,
but many others still remain unsolved. CLFMA is gradually becoming a
representative of the entire livestock industry.
ISSUES IN THE ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY
Standardization and regulation of animal feed manufacturers
As already mentioned, BIS has produced guideline feed standards and the
industry also has its own guidelines. Currently there is no compulsion to use
BIS standards, but the central government has been advising states to introduce
their own regulatory standards. The industry, however, is resisting this move.
One of the major reasons for opposition is that the government wants to
legislate regulation under the Essential Commodities Act 1955 which is
considered draconian and totally inappropriate in this context.
There is no shortage of compound animal feeds anywhere in the country. In

fact, the organized sector of the compound feed industry is facing serious
problems resulting from a huge idle capacity, to the extent of 50 percent or
more. New capacities are being added by global players in the feed business and
by national as well as multinational integrators. The nature of animal feeds and
the animal feed industry has completely changed.
Increasingly, products, including new products, are being excluded from the
purview of the Essential Commodities Act 1955. Major raw materials for
compound animal feeds, such as groundnut, soybean, rapeseed and sunflower
meals and cottonseed and rice bran extract, which are exported, are not covered
by the Act. There is therefore no reason for it to cover the animal feed
manufactured with these raw materials.
Furthermore, the industry has several reservations about implementing BIS

standards. There is a lack of flexibility in these standards and they are lagging
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far behind the industry's products. For cattle, they have not been revised for 30
years, while the BIS standards for poultry are obsolete.
Another feed standards issue that worries both the government and industry is
that any changes to existing standards will be slow and difficult to arrive at
because of participative conflicts and various lobbying groups. However, the
industry's principal concern about compulsory standards is that they will disturb
efforts to innovate and upgrade feed production in order to improve the
productivity of the animals. This is because all innovations would have to be
passed by BIS, and such a process is likely to take several years to complete.
Classifications of animal feed supplements/additives for import
The classification of feed additives is a major hindrance to the Indian feed

industry. Worldwide, animal feed supplements and additives are covered under
chapter 23.09 of the Harmonized System of Nomenclature (HSN), to which
India is a signatory. In the HSN, all feed ingredients are listed under the "free"
category for import, but the Indian Government put them into the "restricted"
category in October 1995. Since then, there have been continuous discussions
among the drug control authorities, the Director-General of Foreign Trade
andthe Central Excise Department, all of which want to bring feed additives
under their administration so as to increase their own revenues. The industry,
represented by CLFMA, has made several representations to the government,
but these have been round various government departments, appellate tribunals,
the High Court and the Supreme Court without providing any useful results for
the industry.
Countervailing duty on amino acids
The essential amino acids, such as DL-methionine, L-lysine and L-threonine,

are not manufactured in India. These products are vital ingredients of compound
animal feed for improving the quality of the final feed and making it
conversion-efficient. With a view to bringing about the rapid development of
animal husbandry in India, the government reduced the import duty on essential
amino acids to the present level of 10 percent customs duty, so that the feed
23
price to livestock farmers would be economic. However, with the imposition of
countervailing duty (CVD) and other duties, the objective of helping to promote
animal husbandry has been defeated. Local sales tax
Another threat to the industry is posed by local sales taxes. It must be noted that
the feed industry is mainly commodity-oriented and, although it is value-added,
it cannot support the burden of any kind of taxation. The industry has made
several representations to the government and some state governments have
accepted its point of view and refrained from levying any tax on animal feeds.
Import and export

Indian feed was exported to the Near East during the 1980s, but the export
demand was reduced when feed mills were set up in the Near East. At present,
India exports about 25 000 tonnes of feed to the Near East as general animal
feed.
There is no import of animal feed as such into India. However, the country does
import certain chemicals, feed additives, amino acids and essentials for
aquaculture feed.
THE FUTURE OF THE INDIAN FEED INDUSTRY

-WINDS OF CHANGE
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, India has a population of 1 billion
people. Although the annual growth rate has slowed from 2 to 1.8 percent, the
base is so broad that changes in population dynamics are not perceptible. The
population may stabilize by sometime between 2030 and 2040 if all sections of
society support family planning wholeheartedly. The purchasing power of the
middle class is growing (the middle class accounts for approximately 300
million people) and food habits are also changing.
The Indian economy is growing at the rate of 6 to 8 percent per annum. The
livestock industry in India is the second largest contributor to gross domestic
product (GDP), after agriculture, and accounts for 9 percent of the total.
Consumption is likely to increase as follows: per capita milk from 240 to 450 g
per year; per capita eggs from 40 to 100 per year; and per capita broiler meat
from 1 000 to 2 000 g per year.
24
A major change is occurring in India on the economic front. The country has
adopted a model that lies midway between liberal and public sector production,
but growth has been affected by the poor performance of most of the public
sector units, rising government costs and fiscal deficit, and the economy has
suffered. A process of liberalization was set in motion by the government and
has been implemented for the last eight to ten years. This has caused India to
open up and invite investment from multinationals, liberalize imports, reduce
government expenditure and remove public sector businesses. It also means that
the days of nationalization, unnecessary government controls and restrictions
will soon be over thanks to progress in the country's economy.
India has entered into an agreement with its trade partners under the World
Trade Organization (WTO). The changes brought about by the liberalization
process will be slow but certain. The government is opening up imports in a
phased manner, and it is expected that this process will be completed by April
2003. In the meantime, about 930 items, including agricultural products, will be
open for import under open general license from April 2001, making it possible
to import dressed chicken, milk and milk products.
Various livestock industry associations have taken issue with such imports in an
attempt to protect their members. If the livestock industry is affected, the feed
industry will also be affected. The Government of India has raised the tariff on
all poultry and poultry products from 35 percent to the WTO boundary level of
100 percent. It therefore appears that there will be a level playing field.
In view of the expected rise in per capita consumption of chicken meat, eggs
and milk, livestock production and productivity will grow. The dairy industry,
which is cooperative-based, is growing with the increased capacities of milk
processing units. The population of cross-bred cattle and buffaloes is also
growing. Milk is very popular in India. The poultry industry is developing
towards vertical integration and a few multinational companies have already
entered the Indian poultry business.
25
Although the live bird market currently accounts for about 90 percent of the
total market, it is expected that the consumption of dressed chicken will grow in
the next five years, from the existing 10 percent to 25 percent or more. This
would mean establishing very hygienic and scientific processing units. Cold
chains, branded chicken, chicken cuts, etc. will be introduced and, depending on
the success and consistent quality, consumer preference for dressed meat will
grow.
The next decade will see significant changes in restructuring, mergers,

acquisitions, amalgamations, joint ventures, diversification, integration and
efficient service chains, e-commerce and use of the latest information
technology in global tenders, trading, export/import and other commercial
activities. At the root of all these developments will be the scientific
development of feed manufacturing technology.
The Indian feed industry will increasingly use biotechnology, more scientific
formulations, new molecules and natural and herbal products to improve animal
productivity. Indian agriculture will also use biotechnology and genetically
modified organisms (GMOs) to support the feed industry, which is entering a
very exciting phase of growth for the next decade.
26
ABOUT REDDY DRUGS:
Reddy Drugs Laboratories formed in 1999 by Gangi Reddy who has a versatile
knowledge in aqua and poultry industry and evolved into main branch in a short
time in 2001 with GMP certified.
Quality processes committed by Reddy Drugs management and its team

members. especially in the angle of quality and GMP (Good manufacturing
practices) made us a high profile manufacturing and marketing innovative
products this level of consistent quality performance has been the main reason
behind our success and will continue to be in the future.
The unit was established with GMP standards by the team of technically
qualified professionals with innovative skills in respective fields. We proudly
announce Reddy Drugs Laboratories has been successfully being introducing
innovative specific products with clear and consistent results in the field of
veterinary poultry and aqua culture.
The company with its strong technical and marketing team extents and
unparalleled customers service and build strong relationship.
R&D
Reddy Drugs Laboratories establish well research and development wing has
sophisticated facilities for analytical, biological and microbiology tests and
research.
We concentrated on clinical research has been integral part of our research and
development. Our continual research and development produces new innovative
quality products
Consistent quality performance has been be main reason behind our success and
will continue to be in the feature. We committed to discovery development of
innovative formulations and drugs for improve animal health care.
27
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
MANAGERIAL:
The management staff in REDDY DRUGS LABORATOIES
 Managers
 Officers
 Office Associate
HRM & ADMINISTRATION FUNCTIONS:

The formulation of the policies, proceedings, programmers is recruitment,
selection. Manpower planning, discipline, industrial relations, settlement of
union problems etc and the responsibility of implementing them also vests with
this departments. It also looks after the welfare and safety activities and liaison
with departments.Security, legal matters, LTA (Long Term Agreements),
Medical, Time, office, wage and salary administration, attendance and
absenteeism report. Maintenance of statutory records like P.F., BONUS,
GRATUITY, and INSPECTOR OF FACTORIES were seen by the personal
officer.
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL:
This is a method of evaluation the behavior of the employees in the work spot,
normally including both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of job
performance. This system is conducted once in a year.
EMPLOYEE WELFARE:
The management of this company believes the principle that the progress of any
industry depends on the extent to which its labor force is satisfied and basing
this principle and in order to develop the overall personality of the workforce
the management has provided many welfare facilities in the organization.
28
FIRST AID BOXES:
Sufficient first aid boxes were provided at various places where the workers
carry out the work.
OTHER STATUTORY BENEFITS:

Medical benefits, E.P.F.,Employee deposit liked insurance scheme, Gratuity,
Bonus, safety and labor welfare fund etc., are maintaining as per the law of
land.
WORKING CONDITIONS:
All the working conditions are being maintained as per the statutory
requirements.
OTHER BENEFITS:
 Uniform
 Shoes
 Nightshift Allowance
 Welfare Fund.
 Annual Productivity Bonus.
GRIEVANCE HANDLING:
The philosophy of the organization is to provide a working environment to its
employees in whom congenial working conditions exist through mutual trust
and good faith. Hence, a mechanism for speedy redressal of grievances is
available in the organization.
29
INTRODUCTION TO WELFARE
The concept of welfare is flexible and elastic widely with times, region,
industry, country, Social values and customs, degree of industrialization the
general socio-economic development of the People and the political ideologies
prevailing at particular moments. It is also molded according to the age, Group
sex, and socio-cultural level of workers in various industries. However efforts
have been made by expert bodies their concept in their own way. A few of these
definitions are given below.
The employee welfare investigation committee preferred to include under

employee welfare, including sickness and maternity benefit schemes, provided
fund benefits and pension etc. Thus the term welfare is a comprehensive term,
which includes any activity, which is, connects with social, Moral, Economic
betterment of workers provided by any agency. Such activities may differ from
country to country and from region to region to firm to firm.
DEFINITION
A different author says what welfare is:
The oxford dictionary defines "Employee welfare as efforts to make life worth
living for workmen".
Chamber's dictionary: "Welfare as a state of faring or doing well freedom from
calamity enjoyment of health prosperity".
The encyclopedia of social sciences defines it as:
"The voluntary efforts of the employers to establish within the existing
industrial item working and something as living and cultural conditions of
employees beyond ; at is required by law the customs of the industry and the
conditions of market".
………..R.RHopkin
30
CONCEPTS OF WELFARE
Welfare in organization is essential because it forms the total package on

offer for the employees . The problem identified for this study is worded as:
“How effective are the welfare measures being implemented atREDDY
DRUGS LABORATORIES”. The aim of identifying this problem is to be able
to analyze and find out the inherent weaknesses in the implementation of the
programmer, so as to make necessary suggestions for making it more effective.
IMPORTANCE OF WELFARE MEASURES:
Welfare in the border sense means well-being of the personnel working in the
organization. Welfare measures are the steps taken by the management to create
a good environment in which the workers feel satisfied both physically and
mentally and in the end produce best result by putting their maximum efforts.
Welfare measures directly relates to human and in particular, workers of an

organization. In the initial stage of industrialization, welfare measures of
personnel in an industry were given very less importance. The primitive concept
of workers linked it is to a commodity or an intimate object without any human
characteristics came the concept of labor as the machine, which as to be kept in
a good working order with proper lubrication to enhanced production, but still
regards as lifeless. There was also the goodwill concept of labor, which was the
beginning of the humanization of labor from the state of commodity or a
machine. But it was only the 'Citizen concept of labor that gave the workers
human dignity with the right to discuss, decide and vote as a citizen of a welfare
state. This concept gave rise to the philosophy of industrial democracy. A now,
we are in the final stage of the partnership concern when labor is regarded as an
equal and responsible partner in industry.
NEED FOR WELFARE MEASURES

The real need for welfare arises from the two basic condition generally known
as the long arm of the job' and the 'social invasion of the factory'. The working
environment of any job in a factory or mine or a workshop imposes some
adverse effect on the workers because of the heat, noise, and order, fumes etc.
31
involved in the manufacturing process. There are also occupational hazards and
environmental problems inherent and inevitable in the manufacturing process
itself, which cannot be removed or reduced. As a result productive devices and
compensatory benefits have to be provided for the welfare of the workers. This
can be referred to as the 'Long arm of the job', which stretches out its adverse
effect on the worker, long after his normal working hours, affecting his physical
and mental well-being. Hence, the need for welfare services within the factory
or work place is felt.
WELFARE MESURES IN REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES

The following is the data collected about the welfare measures at REDDY
DRUGSLABOROTORIES since this data has been collected from the past
records and organization’s policy statements, this data constitutes the secondary
data.
 statutory welfare measures
 Non – statutory welfare measures
STATUTORY WELFARE MEASURES

1. AS PER FACTORIES ACT, 1948:
A) Washing Facilities (Section -42):
In every factory –
a) Adequate and suitable facilities shall be provided and maintained for the use
of the workers therein;
b) Separate and adequate cleaned facilities shall be provided for the use of
male and female workers;
c) Such facilities shall be conveniently accessible and shall be kept clean.
The state government may, in respect of any factory or class or description of

factories or of any manufacturing process, prescribed standards of adequate and
suitable facilities for washing. It was the Royal commission on labor which
noted that the provision of suitable washing facilities for all employees through
desirable was deficient in many factories the worker who lives on crowded
32
areas has inadequate facilities for washing and bathing at home provision of
such facilities would add to his comfort.
Health and efficiently. The commission recommended that workers engaged in

dirty processes, suitable washing place and water should be making available
compulsorily.Sec. 42 of factory Act keys down that every factory has to provide
adequate and suitable washing facilities separately for the use of male and
female workers. In this regard the state Government may prescribe standards of
adequate and suitable facilities. In the REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES
very good washing facilities are provided to the employees. Each and every
Department has got the freezers for drinking water and washing every one
conveniently.
B) Facilities for Storing and Drying Clothing (Section – 43):

The state government may, in respect of any factory or class or description of
factories, make rules requiring the provision therein of suitable place for
keeping clothing not worn during working hours and for the drying of wet
cloths. It is only the Factories Act, which has incorporated such a provision
Under Sec. 43 of the Act, state Government may make rules for the provisions
of suitable places for keeping clothing not work during working hours and for
the drying wet clothing.
It is only the Factories Act, which has incorporated such a provision under
sec.43 of the Act, state Government may make rules for the provisions of
suitable places for keeping clothing & drying wet clothing. All these facilities
are being provided to the REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES employees in
sided the plant.
C) Facilities for Sitting (Section – 44):

In every factory suitable arrangements for sitting shall be provided and
maintained for all workers obliged to work in a standing position, in order that
they may take of any opportunities for test which may occur in the course of
their work.
33
If, in the opinion of the chief inspector, the workers in any factory engaged in a
particular manufacturing process or working in a particular room are able to do
their work efficiently in a sitting position, he may, by order in writing, require
the occupier of the factory to provide before a specified date such seating
arrangements as may be practicable for all workers so engaged or working.
The state government may, by notification in the official gazette, declare that
the provision of sub – section (1) shall not apply to any specified factory or
class or description of factories or to any specified manufacturing process.
If in the opinion of the chief inspector, the workers in any factory engaged in a
work efficiently in a sitting position, he may, by order in writing, require the
occupier of the Factory to provide before a specified date such seating
arrangements as may be practicable for all workers so engaged or working.
D) First Aid Appliances, Ambulance Room (Section – 45):

I. There shall in every factory be provided and maintained, so as to be readily
accessible during all working hours first aid boxes or cupboards equipped
with the prescribed contents, and the number of such boxes or cupboards to
be provided and maintained shall not be less than one for every
II. One hundred and fifty workers ordinarily employed (at any time) in the
factory.
III. Nothing expect the prescribed contents shall be kept in a first – aid box or
cup board.
IV. Each first – aid box or cupboard shall be kept in the change of separate
responsible person (who holds a certificate in first – aid treatment
recognized by the state government) and who shall always be readily
available during the working hours of the factory.
34
V. In every factory wherein more than five hundred are ordinarily employed
there shall be provided and maintained an ambulance room of prescribed
size, containing the prescribed equipment and in the charge of such medical
and nursing staff as may be prescribed.
 Ins. by Act 25 of 1954, S.9.
 Subs. by ibid. For original sub – section (2)
 Subs. by Act 94 of 1976 (w.e.f. 26-10-1976)
 Renumbered for “(3)” by Act 25 of 1954, s.9.
 Subs. by Act 94 of 1976 (w.e.f. 26-10-1976)
(And those facilities shall always be made readily available during the working
hours of the factory.).
The Royal Commission on labor recommended that, in the case of all factories
where mechanical power is used, a first aid box of prescribed standard, which
need departments according to the number of workers employed on the basis to
be laid down.
REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES had one clinic center. They are providing
20 fully exercised equipped first aid boxes round the clock services are
rendered.
E) Canteen Facilities: (Section 46):

The state government may make rules requiring that in any specified Factory
where in more than two hundred and fifty workers are ordinarily employed, a
canteen or canteens shall be provided and maintained by the occupier for the use
of the workers. The day by which such canteen shall be provided. The standards
in respect of construction, accommodation, furniture and other requirement of
the canteen;The food stuffs to be served there in and the changes which may be
made there for,
The constitution of managing committee for the canteen and representation of

the workers in the management of the canteen; the items of expenditure the cost
of food stuffs and which shall be borne by the employer.
35
The delegation to the chief inspector, subject to such conditions as may be
prescribed, of the power to make under the clause. According to section 46 of
the Factories Act, a state government makes rules for provision of canteen by
the occupier in any specified factory where in more than 250 workers are
ordinary employees.
The canteen facilities, i.e. existing in the REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES,

are as follows: According to section 46 of the Factories Act, a state government
makes rules for provision of canteen by the occupier in any specified factory
where in more than 250 Workers are ordinary employees.
F) Shelters, Rest rooms and Lunchrooms (Section – 47)

In every factory wherein more than one hundred and fifty workers are ordinarily
employed, adequate and suitable shelter or rest rooms and a suitable lunchroom,
with provision for drinking water, where workers can eat meals brought by
them, shall be provided and maintained for the use of the workers provided that
any canteen maintained in accordance with the provisions of section 46 shall be
regarded as part of the requirements of this sub – section:
Provide further that where a lunchroom exists no workers shall eat any food in
the workroom.
a. The shelters or restrooms or lunchrooms to be provided under sub – section
(1) shall be sufficiently lighted and ventilated and shall be maintained in
cool clean condition.
b. The state Government may – Prescribed the standards in respect of
construction, accommodation, furniture and other equipment of shelters,
restrooms to be provided under this section;
By notification in the official gazette, exempt any factory or class or description

of factories from the requirements of this section. Every factory employing
more than 150 workers must provide adequate and suitable Shelters or rest-
rooms and a lunch rooms, with provision for drinking water, which Workers eat
meals brought by them. But in case a canteen is maintained in accordance With
36
the provision of sec. 46 it will be allowed to eat food in the workroom. These
are to be maintained in a cool and clean condition. In REDDY DRUGS
LABORATORIES all these facilities are provided to the employees for taking
rest after lunch.
G) Crèches (Section-48):
In every factory where in more than 30 woman workers are ordinarily employed
there shall be provided and maintained a suitable room for the use of children
under the age of 6 years of such women, such rooms shall provide adequate
accommodation shall be adequately lighted and ventilated. Shall be under the
maintained in a clean and sanitary Condition and shall be under the change of
women trained in the care of children and infants.
Ins.by Act 94 of 1976 (w.e.f.26-10-1976).
The state government may make rules –
Prescribing the location and the standards in respect of construction,
accommodation, furniture and other equipment of rooms to be provided. Under
this section;
Requiring the provision in factories to which this section applies of additional

facilities for the care of children belonging to women workers, including
suitable provision of facilities for washing and changing their clothing;
Requiring the provisions in any factory of free milk or refreshment or both for
such children;
Requiring that facilities shall be given in any factory for the mothers of such
children to feed them at the necessary intervals. Section 48 of the Factories Act
provided for the setting up of crèches in every factory where in more than 30
women workers are ordinarily employed for the use of children under the age of
6 years of such women the rooms must provide adequate accommodation and
they should be adequately lighted and ventilated and under the change of
women trained in the care of children and infinity.
37
H) Welfare Officer (Section – 49):
In every factory wherein five hundred or more workers are ordinarily employed
the occupier shall employ in the factory such number of welfare officer as may
be prescribed.The state government may be prescribing the duties, qualifications
and conditions of service of officers employed under the sub – station.
I. In every factory where in 500 workers or more workers are ordinarily

employed the occupier shall employ in the factory such member of
welfare officers as may be prescribed.
II. The state Government may prescribe the duties, qualifications and
conditions of service of officer’s employees under sub section (a). The
function of a welfare officer could broadly be classified under 3 areas of
manpower management.
 Labour welfare
 Labour Administration
 Labour Relations
Coming to the welfare of the REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES, there is

labour welfare department. Consisting of labour officers i.e. ONE welfare
officer for all zones.
Functions of Welfare Officers
 To look after the health and safety of workers.
 To look after the working conditions.
 To look after sanitation and cleanliness.
 To look after welfare amenities.
 To look after the workers education.
 Information of welfare committees.
 To implement the welfare acts.
 To look after the organizational discipline.
 In the administration of legislation covering industrial relations.
 To settle the grievances of the workers.
 To increase the relation between trade union and management.
38
NON – STATUTORY WELFARE MEASURES
 Employees and their spouses.
 Educational facilities.
 Scholarship to the meritorious children of employees.
 Housing facilities.
 Work dress.
 Conveyance advance/Allowance to employees.
 Housing building Advance.
 Medical claim Insurance policy for retired employees.
 Motivational schemes like Jawaharlal Nehru Awards, Suggestion, and
Reward scheme Incentive Scheme etc.
 Employee consumers’ cooperative society.
 Cooperative Thrift & Credit Society.
 Recreational facilities in and around REDDY DRUGS
LABORATORIES, Ethakota.
 Sports facilities.
 Employees Family Benefit Scheme.
1. MEDICAL FACILITIES
The company provides comprehensive Health Care Scheme involving in –
patient and out – patient treatment in company seen hospitals and specialized
treatment at reversals hospitals to the employees and their dependents
2. EDUCATION FACILITIES
Education is provided to all the employees' children through schools located in
the steel township. One Telugu medium school has also been established for the
benefit of the children of the displaced employers.
The children of the employers were given the scholarships on the basis of merit-
cum-means of the employers who will be prosecuting education for higher
studies.
39
3. ALLOWANCE TO EMPLOYEES
WASHING ALLOWANCE:
Washing Allowances is given Rs.40/- along with the pay based on certification
by the controlling officer that the employee has been using the uniform while on
duty in clean and tidy condition.
4. RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
In ETHAKOTA there are six community welfare centers at various places.
Sports and games will be conducted at regular intervals. These centers are
having library facility, cultural activities and screening of films will take place
at regular intervals. The occasions like Independence Day and (republic day)
formation day jan.24, sports, games and cultural activities will be conducted.
For the purpose of recreational facilities welfare department has provided the
facility of community welfare center. Community welfare center at different
places have been established for the benefit of the employees and their families.
5. SPORTS FACILITIES
ETHAKOTA provide sports facilities to all their employees and their children.
Sports departments consists of Administration Department which looks after the
maintenance of sports and council formed as committee which take up decisions
in selecting teams and members of the teams and sending those teams outside
for competition.
REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES, Ethakota sports consist of two stadiums

and one indoor stadium facilitating cricket, volleyball, throw ball, tennis,
badminton, take place. It also provides special summer camp for children in
cricket, athletics and also yoga for all the age.
6. SUPER-ANNUATION BENEFIT FUND

Employees’ Superannuation Benefit fund has been introduced as a special
measure of employee welfare 1. 11. 1995 in accordance with clause 7.0 of the
memorandum of settlement dated 19. 9. 1995. The funds for the operation of
40
this scheme would consist of contribution of 2% of employee’s salary (Basic
pay + DA) and the earning under the Performance Linked Benefit Scheme
(PLBS). The company shall contribution to the fund an amount of Rs.100/- per
annum.
Benefits:
I. For entitlement of benefit from the fund, the minimum contribution by an
employee will be at 2% of his salary and the sum received by him as
payment towards incentives under the PBLS for 5 years.
II. The benefits will be in the shape of annuity to be purchased out of the fund
standing to the credit of the concern retiring/retired member of the fund
from any of the approved agencies under the act and the member shall be
given an option to select from amongst the alternatives offered by the said
agency.
III. The benefit will be payable on superannuation or retirement subject to

minimum prescribed period of contribution or becoming incapacitated prior
to superannuation/death.
IV. In case of an employee who resigns or who abandons service or losses lien
on his appointment without completing five year service with the company
only his accumulate contribution with interest shell is refunded to him.
V. If member opts out of the fund provided that he has contributed for the
minimum prescribed period with prior concern of the trusties his account
shall be credited made upon such date of opting out and interest shall be
credited to the account till such date at the rate applied in the immediately
preceding financial year and amount standing at his credit shall be refunded
to him.
41
8. EMPLOYEE FAMILY BENEFIT SCHEME
In REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES a social security scheme like Employee
Family Benefit Scheme was introduced in the year 1995. The scheme provides
minority benefits to an employee on cessation of his employment on account of
permanent total disablement, permanent medical unfitness and to his nominee,
in case of his death while he is in service of the company.
This scheme will be applicable on depositing with the company, the entire
provident fund and dilute amounts of the employee with the company. After
depositing the amount the nominee will be entitled to the monthly payment
equivalent to his Basic pay +DA last drawn. Such monthly payment shall
command from the month of deposit and shall continue till the normal date of
which the employee consult would have attained the age of super annulations.
As per the scheme, nominee has to appoint nominee in case of to acquire the
benefit.
In his scheme there is a clause, if the employee expires while in service, the
dependent of the employee need not deposit the required amount for availing
the benefit. Apart from that if the nominee opts for employment the same will
be provided depending up on his/her qualification. The deposit amount will be
refunded by the company after the completion of the date of the date of
retirement of the deceased employee without any interest. At present there are
850 employees availing monthly benefit.
There is another social benefit scheme otherwise known as ‘death fund’. This
scheme designed to give monitory assistance to the family of the member who
die while he is in service of company or separating from the company due to
permanent total disablement or due to natural death. The fund is collected @
Rs5/- per member at the time of death and given to the next of the scheme of the
deceased member.
42
9. GROUP PERSONAL ACCIDENT INSURANCE SCHEME
Group Personal Accident Insurance Scheme is a welfare measures scheme
maintaining by insurance claims section of financial accounting department.
The scheme was introduced from 1995. Onwards of all employees who ever
opted the scheme. Out of 850 employees of Ethakota 850 were covered under
this scheme.
10. TRAVELLING EXPENSES ON RETIREMENT

i. Superannuation/retirement including voluntary retirement.
ii. Death of the employee
iii. Discharge/termination of the employee on medical grounds, the
employee and/or his family will be entitled to reimbursement as per
TRANSFER EXPENSES.
The journey should commence within six months from the date of
retirement/termination or death or within such extended time as may be
approved by the chairman – cum – Managing Director. Final bills should be
submitted within one month from the date of completion of journey.
11. The T&D Center has the following facilities:

I. A modem four stored building with office rooms, class rooms,
laboratories, drawing halls, library, conference hall etc.
II. A well laid out modern workshop having different sections, such as
machine shop, fitting and assembly shop welding and fabrication shop,
and material handling section and conveyor model.
Training Programme includes
 Employee Development Programme.
 Language classes
 Human resources Develop
43
1. Satisfaction with Health & Wellness Services.
% Of
Serial Number Responses NO.OF Responses Responses
1 Highly Satisfied 18 36%
2 Satisfied 25 50%
3 Average 3 6%
4 Dissatisfied 4 8%
HEALTH & WELLNESS

Highly Satisfied Satisfied Average Dissatisfied
8%
6%
36%
50%
INFERENCE:
Out of the survey conducted for 50 employees the above data shows that most of the
respondents are satisfied with the health & wellness. Around 86% of respondents are
satisfied with the health & wellness facilities while14% of them are not much
satisfied.
44
2. Satisfaction with Medical Facilities.
NO. Of
Serial Number Responses Responses % Of Responses
2 Satisfied 20 40%
3 Average 4 8%
4 Dissatisfied 0 0%
MEDICAL FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE

COMPANY
8%
40% 52%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that around 92% of the respondents
are satisfied and with the medical facilities provided by the company, remaining 8%
of the respondents felt that the facilities available are average.
45
3. Satisfaction with the Family Medical Health Centre Facility Extended To
Family Members Of Employees
NO.OF % Of
Serial Number Responses Responses Responses
2 Satisfied 18 35%
3 Average 15 29%
4 Dissatisfied 3 8%
FAMILY HEALTH CENTRE FACILITY

8%
28%
29%
35%
INFERENCE:
The above pie chart shows that most of the respondents are satisfied with the family
medicalhealth center facility that is being available. Around 63% of the respondents
are satisfied with the family medicalhealth center facility that the company is
providing to them and 37% of the workers are not much satisfied.
46
4) Satisfaction with sitting arrangements within the plant and canteen
NO.OF % Of
1 Highly satisfactory 35 70%
2 Satisfactory 10 20%
3 Average 3 6%
4 Dissatisfied 2 4%
SITTING ARRANGEMENTS
Highly satisfactory Satisfactory Average Dissatisfied
6%4%
20%
70%
INFERENCE:
are satisfied with the sitting arrangements provided by the company while 10% of
the respondents are not satisfied.
47
5) First aid box with prescribed contents available
NO.OF
1 Every time 30 59%
2 Mostly 18 35%
3 Sometimes only 2 6%
FIRST AID BOX

Every time Mostly Sometimes only
6%
35%
59%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that as per the above table shown
around 59% of the respondents say first aid box is available every time and 35% say
mostly available, 6% of the respondents felt that the first aid box is available
sometimes only.
48
6) Time the injured worker is given treatment
NO.OF
1 Immediately 14 29%
2 Within 15 min 18 44%
3 Within 1hr 15 19%
4 More than 1hr 3 8%
INJURED WORKERS TREATMENT

Immediately Within 15 min Within 1hr More than 1hr
8%
19% 29%
44%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that around 29% saying injured
worker gets treatment immediately, and 44% saying injured worker gets treatment
within 15min, 19% of the respondents says injured worker gets treatment within1hr,
8% are says ,more than 1hr.
49
7) Nutrition level of food provided to you
NO.OF % Of
1 Highly nutritive 14 61%
2 Nutritive 18 21%
3 Somewhat nutritive 15 10%
4 Least nutritive 3 8%
NUTRITIOUS FOOD
Highly nutritive Nutritive Somewhat nutritive Least nutritive
8%
10%
21%
61%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that around 82% respondents are
saying nutritious food is provided, and 18% are saying not so nutritive.
50
8) Satisfaction with the food/snacks/drinks provided to employees at different
intervals
NO.OF
2 Satisfied 18 19%
3 Average 15 14%
4 Dissatisfied 3 8%
FOOD/SNACKS AVAILABILITY
8%
14%
19% 59%
INFERENCE:
are satisfied with the food/snacks provided by the company while 22% are not much
satisfied.
51
9. Resting hours provided
NO.OF % Of
1 5---15 MIN 14 28%
2 1/2hr---1hr 18 36%
3 2----3hrs 15 30%
4 3----4hrs 3 6%
REST IN WORKING HOURS

5---15MIN 1/2hr-----1hr 2-----3hrs 3----4hrs
6%
28%
30%
36%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that As per the above table shown
around 28% of the respondents says they are getting frequently rest between 5-15min
and 36% of the respondents says that they are getting frequently rest between 1/2hr,
while 30% of the respondents says they are getting frequently rest between 2-3hrs and
6% of the respondents says they are getting 3-4hrs rest between working hours.
52
10.Satisfaction with the welfare activities conducted by company
NO.OF % Of
1 Yes 43 86%
2 No 7 14%
WELFARE ACTIVITIES IN COMPANY

Yes No
14%
86%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that around 86% says they are
satisfied with the welfare activities conducted by the company and 14% are not
satisfied with welfare activities conducted by the company.
53
11. Satisfied with the trade union activities or not
NO.OF % Of
1 Yes 48 87%
2 No 2 13%
TRADE UNION ACTIVITIES

Yes No
13%
87%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that
around 87% says they are happy with the trade union activities of the company and
13% are not happy with the trade union activities of the company.
54
12.Satisfaction with educational allowances provided by the company
NO.OF % Of
1 Yes 35 70%
2 No 15 30%
EDUCATIONAL ALLOWANCES
Yes No
30%
70%
INFERENCE:
satisfied with the Educational allowances provided by the company and 30% are not
satisfied with Educational allowances provided by the company.
55
13.Satisfaction with the recreational activities arranged by the company
NO.OF % Of
1 Yes 25 50%
2 No 25 50%
RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES
Yes No
50% 50%
INFERENCE:
satisfied with the recreational activities arranged by the company and 50% are not
satisfied with recreational activities arranged by the company.
56
14.Care on the employees by the company
NO.OF % Of
1 Yes 40 80%
2 No 10 20%
CARE ON EMPLOYEES
Yes No
20%
80%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that around 80% says the company is
taking care on Employees and 20% says the company is not taking care on
employees.
57
15. Satisfaction with the activities on Dusshera and Diwali.
NO.OF % Of
1 Yes 15 30%
2 No 35 70%
ACTIVITIES ON DUSSHERA AND DIWALI

Yes No
30%
70%
INFERENCE:
From the above information it can be concluded that As per the above table shown
around 30% says they are satisfied with the activities on Dusshera and Diwali and
70% says they are not satisfied with the activities on Dusshera and Diwali.
58
FINDINGS
 86% of workers are satisfied with the health and wellness services
provided by the company.
 92% of the employees responded that the medical facilities providing by

the company are at highly satisfactory.
 63% of the respondents are satisfied with the family medical health
center facility that is being available.
 90% of the respondents are highly satisfied with the sitting arrangements
provided by the company.
 94% of the respondents say first aid box is available every time.
 44% of the respondents saying injured worker gets treatment within

15min.
 61% of the respondents saying highly nutritious food is provided.
 59% of the respondents say food/snacks/drinks are provided at different

intervals.
 36% of the respondents say they are getting 1/2hr-1hr frequent rest in
between working hours.
 86% of the respondents say they are satisfied with the welfare conducted
by the company.
 87% of the respondents say they are happy with the trade union
activities of the company.
 70% of the respondents say they are satisfied with the educational
allowances provided by the company.
 There is a mixed response from the respondents says that 50% are
satisfied and 50% are not satisfied with the recreational activities
arranged by the company.
 80% of the respondents say the company is taking care on the

employees.
59
 70% of the respondents say employees are not satisfied with the
activities on Dusshera and Diwali.
60
SUGGESTIONS
As per the analysis evaluated by simple random method I can say that the
employees at REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES are satisfied with the clinic
provided in the organization and are utilizing the benefits.
On the whole it may be concluded that the organization is making every effort
to extend the statutory measures to its employees in multinational areas
covering the performance related subjects on one hand and the personal
development subjects on other side. However, there are still certain steps to be
taken to make statutory compliance measures more effectively, so that the
present programs which were rated good or average may become excellent
programs.
 Management can add another breakfast to the existing menu since many
workers are of the opinion that same breakfast every day, because of
which many workers skip the breakfast leading to more wastage.
 The family medical health center facility that is being available in the
company should be improved.
 First aid box should be available every time.
 Management should increase educational allowances to the employee

family members.
61
CONCLUSION
Having studied the organizational set up and functioning of various in general
and working of the personnel department in particular I am pleased to place a
record that the REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES, ETHAKOTA is well
organized, better administered and well managed organization with properly
defined policies, aim and objectives and also time-tested procedures and
practices managed by variable competent and enlightened leadership of top
executive and other officers assisted by sincere delighted and honest staff work
force.
The process of study includes a detailed study on the welfare activities in

working place. The study was conducted to find out the clinic facilities provided
in the organization, which influents the satisfaction of employees towards clinic
facilities.
I have used a well-structured questionnaire comprising 15 questions. The

Sample size consisted of 50 respondents, simple random sampling was a
technique used for drawing sampling.
In REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES the employees are provided with

many welfare benefits. It includes both statutory and-statutory measures. Over
all from the survey it is found that most of the employees in the organization are
satisfied with the welfare facilities provided by the management. The welfare
facilities such as canteen facility, washing facility, uniform, medical expense
reimbursement has been appreciated by most of the employees in the
organization. The organization has provided an excellent medical facilities to
motivate the employees and improve their performance. The drinking water
facility, canteen facility and washing facility provided by the organization are
good.
62
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Satisfaction with Health & Wellness Services.
a) Highly Satisfied b) Satisfied c) Average d) Dissatisfied
2. Satisfaction with Medical Facilities.

a) Highly Satisfactory b) Satisfactory c) Average d) Dissatisfied
3. Satisfaction with the Family Medical Health Centre Facility Extended

To Family Members Of Employees
a) Highly Satisfactory b) Satisfactory c) Averaged d)Dissatisfied
4. Satisfaction with sitting arrangements within the plant and canteen

a) Highly Satisfactory b) Satisfactory c) Averaged d)Dissatisfied
5. First aid box with prescribed contents available

a) Every time b) Mostly c) Sometimes only
6. Time the injured worker is given treatment

a) Immediately b) Within 15 mints c) Within 1hr d) More than 1 hr
7. Nutrition level of food provided to you

a) Highly nutritive b) Nutritive c) Somewhat nutritive d) Least
nutritive
8. Satisfaction with the food/snacks/drinks provided to employees at

different intervals
a) Highly satisfied b) Satisfied c) Average d) Dissatisfied
9. Resting hours provided

a) 5----15mints b) 1/2hr-------1hr c) 2------3hrs d) 3-----4hrs
10.Satisfaction with the welfare activities conducted by company

a) Yes b) No
11. Are you happy with the trade union activity?

a) Yes b) No
63
12.Satisfaction with educational allowances provided by the company
a) Yes b) No
13.Satisfaction with the recreational activities arranged by the company

a) Yes b) No
14.Care on the employees by the company

a) Yes b) No
15. Satisfaction with the activities on Dusshera and Diwali?

a) Yes b) No
64
BIBLIOGRAPHY
NAME OF AUTHOR PUBLICATION EDITION YEAR

THE BOOK
Essentials of P.Subbarao Himalaya 3rd 2008

HRM publishing house
Management L.M Prasad Sultan chand 2nd 2007

of HR &sons
HR K.Aswathappa TATA MC 4th 2006

Management Hraw-Hill
& personel
management
HRM C.B Mamoria Himalaya 6th 2007

S.V Gankar publishing house
WEBSITES:
www.reddydrugs.in
www.wikipedia.com
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INTRODUCTION

The project emphasizes on Employee Welfare.

Welfare in the broader sense means “well-being of the employee”. Welfare

 To understand the extent to which the welfare measures provided by

 To recognize the importance of welfare measures for unit employees to

It also includes a study on issues like grievance handling and working

The study is conducted only on employees of REDDY DRUGS

 To understand the extent to which the welfare measures provided by

Productivity and job satisfaction.

 To learn how welfare services provided to employees help organization to

Data collection is of two types namely:

 The time period was not sufficient for the study.

 Certain employees were biased in answering to the questions.

Feed manufacturing on a commercial and scientific basis started around 1965

THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY OF INDIA

The cross-bred population is either Jersey or Holstein-Friesian, crossed with

Sheep, goats and camels

India is a multilingual, multiracial country whose people hold various religious

Horses and pets

FEEDSTUFFS AND INGREDIENTS IN ANIMAL FEEDS

India is currently self-sufficient in livestock feeds and does not depend on

Cereals and grains

Cakes and meals

Commonly used commodities of this kind are soybean, groundnut, rapeseed,

Feeds of animal origin

Minerals and vitamins

Feed additives and supplements

Maize and sorghum

Rice bran and solvent-extracted rice bran

FEED STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is a central government organization that

The share of compound cattle feed manufactured by the industry, in relation to

Compound feed has, however, made a major contribution to broiler feeding.

The quality assurance of compound feed

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN ANIMAL FEED

Given the importance of feed ingredients, Indian scientists have worked on

Source: Author's selection from various research and published work.

THE FEED INDUSTRY AND CLFMA

ISSUES IN THE ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY

Standardization and regulation of animal feed manufacturers

There is no shortage of compound animal feeds anywhere in the country. In

Furthermore, the industry has several reservations about implementing BIS

Classifications of animal feed supplements/additives for import

The classification of feed additives is a major hindrance to the Indian feed

Countervailing duty on amino acids

The essential amino acids, such as DL-methionine, L-lysine and L-threonine,

Import and export

THE FUTURE OF THE INDIAN FEED INDUSTRY

The next decade will see significant changes in restructuring, mergers,

Quality processes committed by Reddy Drugs management and its team

HRM & ADMINISTRATION FUNCTIONS:

OTHER STATUTORY BENEFITS:

The employee welfare investigation committee preferred to include under

Welfare in organization is essential because it forms the total package on

Welfare measures directly relates to human and in particular, workers of an

NEED FOR WELFARE MEASURES

WELFARE MESURES IN REDDY DRUGS LABORATORIES

STATUTORY WELFARE MEASURES

The state government may, in respect of any factory or class or description of

Health and efficiently. The commission recommended that workers engaged in

B) Facilities for Storing and Drying Clothing (Section – 43):

C) Facilities for Sitting (Section – 44):

D) First Aid Appliances, Ambulance Room (Section – 45):