NAT – SCIENCE VI REVIEWER

 Characteristics that enable animals to survive in

an environment.

Objective: Describe characteristics that enable animals to survive in an

environment .

Animals l characteristics include numerous adaptations that enable them

to survive in a wide range of environments. They live in nearly every habitat
around the globe, from frigid polar regions, to turbulent seas, to dense tropical
forests. Animals also possess body structures that help them get their food. They
also possess body structures to protect themselves .Modern mammals range in
stature from tiny field mice to massive whales and although various species
may look drastically different, all mammals still share a unifying set of
characteristics. Some mammal characteristics—such as their hair, mammary
glands, and three specialized middle-ear bones—are shared by no other
groups of animals. Here we'll explore key facts and information about mammals
so we can bett er understand important mammal characteristics. Fish are found
nearly everywhere there is water with enough food, oxygen and cover. Near
your home there should be a body of water that has fish living in it. Amphibians
have adapted to survive in many different types of habitats. They can be found
in forests, woodlots, meadows, springs, streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, bogs,
marshes, swamps, vernal ponds and even farmland.

See illustration:

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer

1. Place where animals live is called ___________.

1. house
2. habitat
3. ecosystem
4. globe
 2. Which of the following animals live in the pond?

1. rabbit

3. milkfish

2. dove 4. cat

3. Koala bears live on ___________.

1. fruit bearing tree

2. mountain
3. eucalyptus Three
4. acacia tree
4. What kind of poison does Puffer fish have?

1. Venom
2. Tetradon Toxin
3. Cyanide
4. ethanol
5. Mosquitoes breed and stay in _____________________.
1. clear stagnant water
2. trees and bushes
3. rice field with plenty of grains
4. inside the house
6. Most animals sleep during winter, what do we call this?
1. Camouflage
2. Hibernation
3. Estivation
4. Rainy season
7. Largest bird in existence, this bird cannot fly although it has a pair of wings.
1. Kiwi
2. Ostrich
3. Vulture
4. Dove

8. Animals that can blend with its surrounding are called ___________.
1. camouflage
2. blending
3. coloring
4. eagl
9. Which of these animals demonstrates cryptic coloration?
1. native ducks
2. bumble bee
3. grasshopper
4. tamaraw

10. Which of these describes cryptic coloration?

1. blends with the environment
2. changes the environment
3. changes in color
4. invisibleness

Describe the characteristics that enable

animals to survive in an environment
ANIMAL ADOPTATION
1. MIMICRY – Imitating the shapes, colors, smells or sounds of other animals.

2. MIGRATION – Movement of animals to warmer places during winter.

- Movement from one place to another during certain seasons
of the year.

3. CAMOUFLAGE – Copying the features of a superior animal to protect

oneself from its enemies.

4. GROUP LIFE – Animals gathering toget her usually following a leader.

5. ESTIVATION – Deep sleep during summer that lasts for a long time.

6. HIBERNATION – Deep sleep during winter that last for a long time.

7. PROTECTIVE COLORATION – Blending of an animal’s color to its surrounding.

11. Some animals like fish can live only in water. Some animals can live only in
land. Why can animals live in a particular environment?
1. They live where they can get food.
2. They live where the temperature is hot
3. They live where they have no enemies.
4. They live where the temperature is cold.
12. Where would you most likely find a bird with long, stilt-like legs, pointed
beak?
1. River
2. Garden
3. Forest
4. Desert
13. Why do polar bears have thick furs?
1. So that they can walk fast.
2. So they can sleep better.
3. So that they are good to look at.
4. So that they can always feel warm.
14. Which of the following animal characteristics in NOT mimicry?
1. Frogs change their colors.
2. Turtles hide under their hard shells
3. Walking sticks blends with twigs and under bush.
4. Sphinx moth resembles its wooden resting place.
15. Animals live in places where they can find food and shelter. Which animal is
mostly likely
in frigid climates?
1. Camel
2. Polar Bear
3. Lion
4. Monkey
16. Why do many desert animals eat meat?
1. Desert animals do not like plants.
2. Desert animals cannot chew grass.
3. Desert animals always hide under the ground.
4. There are more meats than plants in the desert.
17. How do animals in cold places adapt to his cold surroundings?
1. They have thick skin to keep their body warm.
2. Their body’s color blends with their surroundings.
3. They have layers of fat s to keep their body warm.
4. They have feathers or hair to keep their body warm.
18. How does a skunk protect itself from its enemies?
1. It blends its color with the environment.
2. It mimics the sound and shape of its prey.
3. It secretes a foul-smelling substance that keeps its enemies
away.
4. They play dead.
19. How do ants, monkeys and elephants protect themselves from their
enemies?
1. They group themselves.
2. They develop strong legs for running.
3. They produce loud cries to scare away their enemies.
4. They change color that blends with the surroundings.
20. How do bears prepare themselves for hibernation?
1. They grow large thick furs.
2. They build nests for themselves.
3. They change the color of their furs.
4. They eat enormous amount of food just before winter.
 The Feeding Interrelationship among Living Organisms
Objective:
Present through a diagram the feeding interrelationship among
living organism.
Remember:

All living things influence and are influenced by other living things within a
community. No living things exist alone and independently of others. Some
relationships between organisms are beneficial to both types of organisms.
Some relationships are one-sided and some are harmful.
Animals in general are dependent upon plants for food. In return, animals
give off carbon dioxide which plants use in the food-making process.
Different relationships exist between organisms in order to satisfy their needs:
 food, shelter, protection and others. Plants and animals live together in order
to survive.

Kinds of Relationship
 Mutualism- is a kind of relationship wherein both organisms benefit
from each other.
 Commensalism – is a kind of relationship in which one organism’s
benefits and the other is not affected at all.
 Competition- is a kind of relationship wherein organisms fight with
each other to satisfy their needs to live.
 Predation- is a relationship when one organism kills the other for their
survival.
 Animals that kill are predators while the victims are called prey.
 Parasitism -is a relationship wherein one organism benefits while the
other is harmed.
 Parasites get nutrition from another organism while the host is the one
supplying the food.

21. Which is an example of a food chain in a land community?

1. Algae Small fish Big fish
2. Grass Grasshopper Bird
3. Seaweeds Mussels Man
4. All of the above
22. Which shows a food chain in a farm ecosystem?

1.

2.

3.

4.

23. What is the correct sequence of a food chain?

1. Producer first order consumer second order consumer

decomposer
2. Producer decomposer first order consumer second order
consumer
3. First order consumer second order consumer decomposer
Producer
4. First order consumer second order consumer Producer
decomposer
Study the food web and answer the questions that follow
Eagle
Heron hawk
Snake

Rat snail chicken

Rice plant
24. Which of the following organisms in the food web is the producer?
1. Snail
2. Snake
3. Chicken
4. Rice plant
25. Which of the following food chains can be taken from the food web?
1. Rice plant fish heron
2. Rice plant snake eagle
3. Rice plant chicken hawk eagle
4. Rice plant rat chicken hawk eagle
26. How many food chains are there in the food web?
1. 2 2. 3 3. 4 4. 5
27. Which animals in the food web are carnivores?
1. Snail, heron, eagle
2. Rat, snake, heron
3. Chicken, hawk, eagle
4. Heron, snake, hawk
28. If the snake would eat only chicken instead of rat, what would happen to the
rat population?
1. Rats would all die.
2. Rats would increase in number.
3. Rats would decrease in number.
4. The rat population would be the same.
Study the food we and answer the questions that follow.

grasshopper
frog

rice bird eagle

snake
rat

29. Which statements about the diagram is correct?

1. Animals can live without plants.
2. The bigger an organism, the more energy it needs.
3. The source of energy in the food web is the plants.
4. The farther an organism is from the source of energy, the more energy it
gets
from the source.
30. Which organism in the food chain is a producer?
1. rat
2. frog
3. rice
4. grasshopper.
  Circulatory System and their Functions

Objective: Identify major parts of the circulatory system and their

functions.

Remember:
The circulatory system is the transport system of the body. Its major parts
are the heart,
the blood and the blood vessels like arteries, veins and capillaries.
 Heart. The strongest muscles in the body which is pump-like organ
located at the
center of the chest between the lungs. It keeps the blood circulating in
the body by contracting and then relaxing.
 Blood. The liquid material that circulates throughout the body.
 Blood vessels. The raw materials that man needs to power his thoughts
and actions.
Not e: Illustration of t he Blood Circulat ory Syst em .

 The heart is the strongest muscles in the body which is a pump – like
organ located at the center of the chest between the lungs. It
keeps the blood circulating in the body by contracting and then
relaxing.
Not e: Illustration of t he heart showing its 4 chamber.

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer

31. Which of the following is the function of the circulatory system?
1. To repair body cells.
2. To distribute body cells.
3. To protect the body from the heat and foreign bodies.
4. To distribute oxygen and nutrients to body cells and collect their
waste.
32. How does circulation of the blood help the body cells?
1. It brings water to the cells.
2. It brings enzymes to the cells.
3. It brings digested food to the cells.
4. It brings carbon dioxide to the cells.

33. What does the “pump “of the circulatory system refers too?

1. Heart 2.Blood 3. Muscles 4. Blood vessels

34. Which part of the heart pumps blood out?

1. Atria 2. Valves 3. Arteries 4. Ventricles

35. Which statement is NOT true about the heart?
1. The heart is a hollow muscular organ.
2. The aorta is the largest vein in the body.
3. The heart keeps the blood moving in the body.
4. The valves keep the blood flowing in the right direction.
36. The heart pumps blood by contracting and relaxing. What happens when the
heart relax?
1. Blood flows into the veins from the heart.
2. Blood flows into the arteries from the heart.
3. Blood flows into the heart through the veins.
4. Blood flows into the heart through the arteries
37. Why does the heart have to pumps blood?
1. To repair body cells.
2. To exchange waste materials from the body.
3. To provide the necessary force for the blood to move from the
lower to t he upper part of the body.
4. To provide the necessary force for the blood to move from the
lower t o the upper part of the body.
38. A healthy heart beats at the rate of ______.
1. 20-50 times per minute
2. 90-120 times per minute
3. 60-80 times per minute
4. 130-160 times per minute
39. Which is known as the “River of Life”?
1. Saliva
2. Blood
3. Urine
4. Sweat
40.Which blood vessels allow a forceful flow of blood?
1. vein
2. venule
3. artery
4. capillary
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE MOTION OF AN OBJECT.

Objective: Identify factors that affect the motion of an object.

 Speed is the distance of an object or a person travels
per unit of time. It indicates how fast a body covers a
certain distance.
Formula:
Where S = d/t
S = speed
d = distance
t = time
Suppose a runner runs a distance of 100 meters in
11 seconds. What is his speed?

We can employ the given formula and substitute the

given data.
Speed =?
Distance = 100 meters
Time = 11 seconds

S = 100/11
= 9.09 meters per second
Speedometer is an instrument which indicates the
speed of a motor vehicle.

VELOCITY
 Velocity is the vector quantity in which the direction and speed of a moving
object are expressed.
 Velocity may change if speed and direction change.

Change in speed
Change in
and direction velocity
 The velocity of a moving body changes when its speed changes but remains
towards the same direction.
ACCELERATION

 Acceleration is the change in velocity in time.

 It is affected by the mass of the body and the amount of force applied.
 Acceleration = (final speed-initial speed) time interval.
Let’s find the acceleration of a given car.

Acceleration = ?
Final speed = 30m/s
Initial speed = 10m/s
Time = 10 seconds
Acceleration = final speed-initial speed
Time

= 30m/s – 10m/s
10s
= 20
10
= 2.0 m/s2
 CENTRIPETAL FORCE

 Centripetal force is a force that acts

inwardly or toward the center. It keeps a
moving object travel in circular path.

The tendency of a moving object to behave

in straight line is known as inertia.

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer

41. If a person runs a distance of 300 meters in 20 seconds, what is his

speed?
1. 10
2. 15
3. 20
4. 2

42. An instrument which indicates the speed of a motor vehicle is the

1. Anemometer
2. Odometer
3. Speedometer
4. Sphygmomanometer
43. The speed of a moving object in a given direction is called
______________.
1. velocity
2. acceleration
3. force
4. rate
44. What is true about velocity of a moving car?
1. Velocity may change if speed changes.
2. Velocity may change if direction changes.
3. Velocity may change if speed and direction change.
4. Velocity may change if eit her speed or direction changes.
45. Which of the following vehicles have the same velocity?
I. Car 1 = 80 km/hr, E
II. Car 2 = 80 km/hr. W
III. Car 3 = 80 km/hr. E
IV. Car 4 = 80 km/hr, S
1. I, II
2. 2. I, III
3. 3. I, IV
4. 4. II, III
46.Acceleration is usually measured in _______________.

1. kilometers per hour

2. Kilometers per minute
3. meters per minute
4. meters per second
 47. What is the acceleration of an automobile if its initial and final speed is
20 m/s and
25 m/s respectively? The time is 5 seconds.

1. 0.5 m/s2
2. 1.0 m/s2
3. 2.0 m/s2
4. 2.5 m/s2
48. What will happen to a whirling ball attached to a string if it is suddenly
released?
1. the object will travel in a straight line
2. the object will travel in a circular path
3. the object will suddenly stop
4. the object will continue whirling
49 .Why does a moving object travel in a straight line?
1. because of velocity
2. because of centripetal force
3. because of acceleration
4. because of inertia
50. What causes an object to move in circular path?
1. centrifugal force
2. centripetal force
3. inertia
4. gravity

 CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS AND HOW GROUP OF STARS ARE USEFUL TO

PEOPLE.
Objective: Describe characteristics of stars and how group of stars are useful
to people.

The Size, Color and Brightness of Stars

The stars are heavenly bodies composed

of hot burning gases. Our sun is a medium sized
star. It is also made up hot burning gases of
helium and hydrogen. Stars seem to twinkle
because we see them through the atmosphere
– a blanket of air surrounding the Earth. Our
Sun, although a star, does not appear to
twinkle because of its closeness to the Earth. It
does not show up at night but shines all day.

Stars also have different brightness. Some stars

look fainter than the others. Others appear
brighter. The apparent brightness of stars due
to their size and distance from Earth is called
apparent magnitude.

The distance of stars from Earth can be measured in terms of light year. A light
year is the distance of stars from Earth. This means one light year is equivalent to
about 9.5 trillion kilometers. If the stars’ distances were to be expressed in
kilometers they will be so large that they will be overwhelming us.

Proxima Centauri is about 4.25 light years away from Earth. Antares has an
apparent magnitude of + 1.0. Sirius has an apparent magnitude of – 1.4. Stars
with a magnitude below + 1.0 are considered brighter than those with an
apparent magnitude of above + 1.0. Our Sun has an apparent magnitude of –
26.8 which is below + 1.0. It is the brightest star we can see from our Earth.

Our Sun is a yellow star. Betelgeuse is a red star. While Sirius is a white star. And
Rigel is a bluish-white star. The color of the star is related to its surface
temperature. Blue stars are the hottest while red stars are the coolest.

Stars vary in size. Those that are thousands larger than our Sun are called super
giants. Betelgeuse and Antares are supergiants. Stars bigger than our Sun but
smaller than super giants are called giant stars. Arcturus is a giant star. Stars
which are smaller than our Sun are called dwarf stars.

Usefulness of Stars

A star map shows the positions of various

constellations in the sky. It shows the North Star or
Polaris in the North. Polaris is important to people
especially to sailors or navigators. It is used as a
compass to find direction.

Stars can also be used to t

ell time and as birth signs in astrology. Polaris and

the pointers of the Big Dipper can tell time with
Ancient people use the appearance their respective positions in the night sky.
of certain stars to forecast weather.
Fair weather can be expected when Ancient people use the appearance of certain
stars are visible. But when the stars are stars to forecast weather. Fair weather can be
hidden behind the clouds, the next expected when stars are visible. But when the
day maybe cloudy or rainy. stars are hidden behind the clouds, the next day
maybe cloudy or rainy.
Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer.
The 12 constellations bear the name of zodiac
51. Why are the stars only seen at night?
constellations.
1. The sky is so bright during daytime
2. Stars grow bigger as they grow older.
3. Stars may look small if they are very far from us.
4. All big stars are near the Earth.
 52. Why does a medium-sized star appear brighter than the others?
1. great distance
2. nearness to Earth
3. great size
4. both 2 and 3

53. Which are the coldest stars?

1. white
2. blue
3. yellow
4. Red

54. Which are the hottest stars?

1. white
2. blue
3. yellow
4. red

55. Which of the following statements is not true?

1. Stars can be used in finding direction.
2. Stars can be used in telling time.
3. Stars can be used in telling distances between planets.
4. Stars can be used in predicting weather.

56. A group of stars that seem to form patterns are called

__________________.
1. Solar system
2. Constellation
3. Galaxy
4. Milky Way

57. How are Sirius and Betelgeuse alike?

1. They are both constellations
2. They are some of the brightest stars in the night sky.
3. They are both red stars.
4. They are both white stars.

58. Why is light year preferable to use than kilometer when expressing
thedistance ofstars?
1. It is longer.
2. It is more accurate.
3. It is more unique
4. both 1 and 2
59. The color of a star is due to its _____

1. temperature
2. distance from the Earth
3. orbit
4. size

60. Why are stars also considered distant sun?

1. Stars are balls of hot burning gases like our Sun

2. Stars may have planets orbiting around them.
3. Stars give off light and heat
4. Stars have the same composition as planets

Brb15
 OXYGEN –CARBON DIOXIDE CYCLE

Objective: Illustrate the interdependence of plants and animals for gases

through the oxygen and carbon –dioxide cycle.

Remember

An ecosystem has materials that plants and animals used in order to live.
Among these materials are oxygen and carbon-dioxide.
Oxygen is a gas released as a by-product of photosynthesis. It is cycled in the
environment.
Carbon dioxide is released in respiration .It is also released when decomposition
occurs.
Oxygen is released by plant sand is taken in by animals for respiration while
carbon dioxide is taken in by plants for photosynthesis.
Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer.

21. In the carbon-oxygen cycle carbon gas and oxygen gas mixes in the
____________.
1 atmosphere
2 soil
3 fossil fuel
4 factories

22. Carbon dioxide is taken in by plants through the process

called_______________.
1. symbiosis
2. photosynthesis
3. chemical process
4. All of the above

23. Carbon gas can be stored underneath the earth as a _____________.

1. fossil fuel
2. soil
3. water
4. garbage

24. Carbon- dioxide is one of the gases that cause the warming of the
atmosphere. This condition is known as the ____________.
1. global warming
2. green house effect
3. thermal energy
4. heat

25 .The cycle shown in the illustration below is ____________.

1. carbon cycle
2. carbon –oxygen cycle
3. oxygen cycle
4. none of these

26. Which statement is true about the plants in the illustration?

1. They give off carbon-dioxide for animals use.
2. They give off oxygen for children use in breathing
3. They need oxygen to synthesize glucose and photosynthesis
4. They need carbon-dioxide from the sun to manufacture food.

27. Which statement is true about the animals in the illustration?

1. They give-off carbon-dioxide for plants use

2. They need carbon-dioxide from the plants for breathing
3. They give off oxygen gas for plants use in photosynthesis.
4. They need the sun which provide them oxygen for breathing

The plants and the fish in the aquarium show a basic type of
ecosystem.
28. Which statements above illustrate the dependence of one organism to
another?

1. The fish can make food through the help of the plants
2. The fish needs the plants for reproduction and the plants need the
fish for protection.
3. The fish need carbon-dioxide from the plants for respiration and the
plants oxygen from the fish for photosynthesis.
4. All of the above.

30. What will if the supply of carbon –dioxide is permanently cut off?

1. Green plants will grow

2. Photosynthesis cannot take place
3. Animals can not undergo respiration
4. All of the above

31. What is a by-product of respiration?

1. Oxygen
2. Carbon –dioxide and water
3. Nitrogen
4. Both 1 & 2