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Module – 6

Elements of the
Extended Marketing Mix
Resource
Person

MATHISHA HEWAVITHARANA

MBA (Col),BBA Sp.Mktng (Col), PPG DIP.


In Mktng (UK), MCIM (UK), Chartered
Marketer (UK), Practicing Marketer (SL),
ACMA, CGMA CIMA (UK), DBF (IBSL),
AIB (IBSL), MSLIM(SL),

Head of Marketing - Siyapatha Finance


PLC
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-3
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-4
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Marketing Mix

 “ The Set of Controllable Variables and their levels


that the firm uses to influence the Target Market ”
- Kotler & Keller

 “ Collection of Tools Used By the Marketer In


Achieving Predetermined Marketing Objectives /
Strategies ”

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-5
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Elements of Marketing Mix . . . . (7P’s)

 Product
 Price For
Marketing
 Place
Goods
 Promotion
For Services
Marketing
 People
 Process Extended
 Physical Evidence
Elements

Marketing Mix Stakeholder Marketing – Assignment Option o1


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-6
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-7
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
WHAT IS A PRODUCT ?

A product can be defines as ……

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-8
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
PRODUCT
“ Core Benefits / Attributes Sought by the Customer ”
Can be Defined As a Product

Products

Tangible Intangible
(Goods) (Services)

There are Some Characteristics Which Differentiates


Products From Services
Marketing Mix Stakeholder Marketing – Assignment Option o1
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-9
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Goods / Service Differentiation

Goods Services

Tangibility Intangibility
Separability Inseparability
Standard Variable
Can be Measured Can not be Measured
Perish ability is less Perish ability is high
Ownership No Ownership

Marketing Mix Stakeholder Marketing – Assignment Option o1


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-10
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
PRODUCT
Different Types of Products
o Consumer Products

o Organizational Products

1-11
Refer© :2013
Copyright Page 293
Dorling – 294(India)
Kindersley ( Marketing Management
Pvt Ltd. Authorized 14th
adaptation from edition)
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
PRODUCT
Product Line / Mix of the Company
Product Line Product Mix

A group of products
which are closely
related and are sold
Collection of all product
to a similar market
lines in the business.
segment. 1-12
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Five Product Levels

Refer : Page 292 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-13
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
PRODUCT
Product Life Cycle (PLC)

This is the graphical presentation of different stages


a particular product will move through during it’s
economically valid life time.

o Research & Development

o Introduction

o Growth

o Maturity

o Decline
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
1-14
PRODUCT
Product Life Cycle (PLC)
Performance

3 5

2 Sales
Profit

Time
1
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-15
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

New Product Development is the systematic


process of introducing new product concepts
to the market under following three categories;

o Innovative Products

o Replacement Products

o Imitative Products
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-16
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Adoption of Innovation / Diffusion of Innovation

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-17
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
PRODUCT
Packaging
Need for Packaging

1. Self Service Environments


2. Consumer Influence (Convenience / Appearance / Prestige)
3. Company Brand Image & Differentiation
4. Technology & Innovation
5. Legal Requirements

Refer : Page 313 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-18
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-19
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
What is Price ?

 Price is the exchange value / economic value /


transaction value of a particular product or service.

 The amount a customer pays for the product.

 The quantity of one thing that is exchanged or


demanded in barter or sale for another.

 The amount of money given or set as


consideration for the sale of a specified thing.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-20
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Determining Prices
Pricing to Meet Business Objectives

Organizations are Pricing their offer with the purpose of


achieving following primary objectives;

- Profit-Maximizing Objective

- Market Penetration Objective

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-21
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Steps in Setting Price

 Select the price objective

 Determine demand

 Estimate costs

 Analyze competitor price mix

 Select pricing method

 Select final price

Refer : Page 352 - 364 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-22
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Pricing Strategies

 Market Penetration Pricing

 Market Skimming Pricing

 Loss Leader Pricing

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-23
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 01/02
Pricing Strategies

 Competitor Based Pricing

 Cost Orientated Pricing

 Psychological Pricing

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-24
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 03 / V 04
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-25
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
What Is a Marketing Channel?

A marketing channel system is the


particular set of interdependent
organizations involved in the process of
making a product or service available for
use or consumption.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-26
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Marketing Channel Levels

 Zero-level channel (direct marketing channel)

 One-level channel

 Two-level channel

 Three-level channel

Refer : Page 380 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-27
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Marketing Channel Levels

Intermediaries tend
to play a very
significant role in
the process of
distribution but will
result in pushing
up the price of the
product at the point
of reaching the end
consumer.
Refer : Page 381 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-28
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Marketing Channel Levels

Intermediaries tend
to play a very
significant role in
the process of
distribution but will
result in pushing
up the price of the
product at the point
of reaching the end
consumer.
Refer : Page 381 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-29
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Number of Intermediaries

 Exclusive

 Selective

 Intensive

Refer : Page 383 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-30
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
E-Commerce in Managing Channel
Strategy

Virtual Marketing Strategy

Refer : Page 395 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-31
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 09
M-Commerce in Managing Channel
Strategy

Mobile Based Marketing Strategy

Refer : Page 398 ( Marketing Management 14th edition)


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-32
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 11
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-33
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
What is Promotion

Techniques of communicating information about the


organization / products / services to stakeholders through a
Communication Mix.
- Advertising
- Personal Selling
- Direct Marketing
- Sales Promotions
- Public Relations Refer : Page 429 ( Marketing
th edition) 1-34
- Sponsorships Management
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized 14
adaptation from
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Communications Process

Refer : Page 431( Marketing Management 14th edition)


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-35
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Steps in Developing Effective
Communications
 Identify target audience

 Determine objectives

 Design communications

 Select channels

 Establish budget

 Decide on media mix

 Measure results/manage IMC


Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-36
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Communication Mix

o Advertising

o Personal Selling

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-37
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 05 / V 06
Communication Mix

o Direct Marketing

o Sales Promotions

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-38
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Communication Mix

o Public Relations

o Sponsorships

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-39
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 07 / 08
Push & Pull Communication

In push communication In pull strategy organization


strategy organization persuades the end user /
motivates the intermediary customer to pull the products
parties to sell more from intermediaries by using
number of units to the end promotional tools such as
user. advertising and direct
marketing
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
adaptation from 1-40
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Integrated Communication Strategy

Entire
communication
strategy of the
organization must
focus on a single
coherent corporate
strategy / direction
by maintaining the
consistency of the
message.
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-41
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-42
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
People

People factor refers to


…….

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-43
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 13
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-44
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Process

Process refers to …….

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-45
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e. V 10 / 12
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-46
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Physical Evidence

Physical Evidence
refers to …….

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-47
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-48
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Integration of the Marketing Mix

All the elements of the


marketing mix must integrate
with each other element and
must focus on a single
coherent corporate strategy /
direction by maintaining the
consistency of the approach
without confusing the
stakeholders of the business.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-49
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Chapter Contents
 Introduction to Marketing Mix
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
 Process
 Physical Evidence
 Integration of the Marketing Mix
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd. Authorized adaptation from 1-50
the United States edition of Marketing Management, 14e.
Thank You !

0773 – 29 20 29
mathihewa@yahoo.com

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