Types of Essay

 Cause and effect essay:

A cause and effect essay looks at the reasons (or causes) for something, then
discusses the results (or effects). For this reason, cause and effect essays are
sometimes referred to as reason and result essays. They are one of the most
common forms of organisation in academic writing.

A cause and effect essay is the type of paper that the author is using to analyze the
causes and effects of a particular action or event. A curriculum usually includes this type
of exercise to test your ability to understand the logic of certain events or actions.

If you can see the logic behind cause and effect in the world around you, you will
encounter fewer problems when writing. If not, writing this kind of paper will give you the
chance to improve your skillset and your brain’s ability to reason.

How to Write Cause and Effect Essay Outline?

Do not start writing an academic paper of any type without an outline. It is a mini-plan
for you and the reader. To understand how to write cause and effect essay outline, one
should brainstorm, collect the best ideas related to the studied field, and use the chosen
points to prepare an effective plan. Do not write out the completed sentences. Look at
the example of such outline:

Introduction:

 The statistic about anorexia nervosa

Topic sentence/Thesis:

 More than 15% of young boys and girls die from the consequences of anorexia
nervosa every year in developed regions.

Body Paragraph I

 3 causes: advertising, poverty, role modeling

Body Paragraph II

 3 effects: loss of appetite, poor health condition, stressful situations

Body Paragraph III – Potential Changes

  3 changes: education, nutrition, relaxation

Conclusion:

 The best way to fight anorexia nervosa is to implement nutritional biology and
psychology as a separate subject, change food habits, and have more rest.

 Process analysis essay:

Process analysis is an essay which explains how something is done, how something
occurs or how something works. In this type of essay, the writer is required to present
steps of a process in sequential order, from first to the last. All concepts or terms that
might appear uncommon are defined.

Writing Stages:

In general, the structure of process analysis essays is similar to a classic five-

paragraph structure, with a few differences determined by the topic. The first paragraph
of your essay should explain the process that you’re going to describe. Explain why this
process is important, and try not to focus on unnecessary details. You don’t need to dig
deep into a background of the process or provide any historical facts. Equipment and/or
ingredients. Please note that this paragraph isn’t necessary. You may need it for
particular topics where such information is really important. Tell your readers what they
need to start the process. Sometimes you may mention some materials that are rare or
can’t be purchased in a certain area. In this case, you must inform your readers about it.
Another thing that your audience must know is any risks or side effects associated with
this process. If you know that something can go wrong, you need to warn your readers
before they decide to repeat the process. Outline of the process. Describe every step of
the process in a sequential order. All your instructions must be clear and detailed
enough so that your readers won’t feel confused. There must be no misunderstanding.
When you describe some step that is too complex, we suggest dividing this step into
several parts. However, you must do it carefully to make sure your readers won’t get
confused.

Process Analysis Essay Structure:

We suggest starting with an outline for your essay. Just list all steps of the process,
there are no specific rules of preparing for writing. Organize all steps in a logical order
and decide on what the structure of your essay will look like. Process analysis essays
imply almost the same structure as other essays (introduction, body, conclusion). The
only difference is the body of the essay because it isn’t built in a form of arguments and
evidence. You don’t need to search for some facts to support your point because your
point is just a simple description of the process. In case you’re writing a process
comparison, you will also need to compare some steps of the process with another
process.

Introduction:

Briefly describe your topic and the purpose of the process. Tell why this process is
worth learning and why it is useful. Describe results your readers can get if they do
everything correctly.

Body:

Describe the whole process in paragraphs. Describe every step of the process in a
separate paragraph. Use transitional sentences between paragraphs. Use descriptive
writing style.

Conclusion:

Summarize all steps described in the body of your essay. Don’t repeat your
instructions. Highlight the most important stages. Describe the result.

 Argumentative essay:
An argumentative essay is a type of essay that presents arguments about both sides
of an issue. ... Counterargument: An argument to refute earlier arguments and give
weight to the actual position. Conclusion: Rephrasing the thesis statement, major
points, call to attention, or concluding remarks.

An argumentative essay is a type of essay that presents arguments about both sides of
an issue. It could be that both sides are presented equally balanced, or it could be that
one side is presented more forcefully than the other. It all depends on the writer, and
what side he supports the most. The general structure of an argumentative essay
follows this format:

1. Introduction: Attention Grabber / hook, Background Information, Thesis Statement

2. Body: Three body paragraphs (three major arguments)
3. Counterargument: An argument to refute earlier arguments and give weight to the
actual position
4. Conclusion: Rephrasing the thesis statement, major points, call to attention,
or concluding remarks.
Models for Argumentative Essays:

There are two major models besides this structure given above, which is called a
classical model. Two other models are the Toulmin and Rogerian models.

Toulmin model is comprised of an introduction with a claim or thesis, followed by

presentation of data to support the claim. Warrants are then listed for the reasons to
support the claim with backing and rebuttals. However, the Rogerian model asks to
weigh two options, lists strengths and weaknesses of both options, and gives a
recommendation after an analysis.

Function of Argumentative Essay:

An argumentative essay presents both sides of an issue. However, it presents one side
more positively or meticulously than the other one, so that readers could be swayed to
the one the author intends. The major function of this type of essays is to present a
case before the readers in a convincing manner, showing them the complete picture.