DC Motors Characteristics- Problems

1. A 220V, 100A, 750 rpm separately excited DC motor has Ra  0.1 . The motor is
used to drive a load, whose torque is expressed as TL  500  0.3n, N .m , where n is the
motor speed in rpm.

2. Calculate the armature current and speed when the armature voltage is reduced to
110V. What will be the drop in speed at full load and 110V armature voltage?

3. A DC series motor has the following ratings: 200V, 15A, and 300 rpm. The armature
and field resistances are 1.5Ω and 2.5Ω, respectively. If the magnetic circuit is linear,
calculate the nominal torque and starting torque.

4. A DC series motor has the following ratings: 200V, 15A, and 900 rpm. The armature
and field resistances are 1.5Ω and 2.5Ω, respectively. The motor is used to drive a load
with constant torque . If the magnetic circuit is linear, calculate the motor
torque and speed for .

5. A DC series motor has the following ratings: 230V, 25A, and 750 rpm. The armature
and field resistances are 0.4Ω and 0.6Ω, respectively. The motor is used to drive a load
with fan characteristic. If the magnetic circuit is linear, calculate the nominal torque and
starting torque of the motor.

6. A DC series motor has the following ratings:

120V, 20A, 750 rpm, Ra  0.5 , Rs. f  1.5

1. Calculate the nominal torque of the motor.

2. What will happen to the motor torque if the armature current of the motor has been
halved?

7. A DC separately-excited motor has the following ratings:

120V, 25A, 1500 rpm, Ra  0.1 .

1. What will be the drop in speed when the motor operates under rated operational
conditions?

2. What is the value of hardness of natural mechanical characteristic?

8. A 500V, 37.3kW, 1000 rpm DC shunt motor has nominal efficiency= 0.9. The
armature circuit resistance is 0.24Ω. The field current is 1.8A. Determine the full-load
drawn current.

9. A 250V shunt motor runs at 1000 rpm at no-load and takes 8A. The total armature and
shunt field resistances are respectively 0.2Ω and 250Ω. Calculate the speed when loaded
and taking 50A. assume the flux to be constant.

Prof., Dr. Hussein Sarhan

Question 1
The following drive system is used to lift-up a mass M of 1000 kg at a uniform speed 0.5 m/s. The
angular rotational speeds 1  150 rad/s and  2  25 rad/s . The moment inertia of the motor
J 1  1.5 kg.m 2 and the moment of inertia of the drum J 2  2 kg.m 2 . The friction torque at the output
(winch drum) shaft is TF 2  25N .m and the friction torque at the input (motor) shaft is TF1  5 N .m .
Calculate the equivalent moment of inertia of the drive system and the developed mechanical power on
the motor shaft.

Question 2
For the given speed profile and load torque profile of a certain motor, calculate the equivalent torque of
the motor if the equivalent moment of inertia of the drive system is 0.5 kg.m2.

Question 3
A motor torque is expressed as:
, where ω is the angular rotational speed in rad/s.
If the motor is started under no-load, what will be:
(a) The starting torque?
(b) The no-load steady-state speed. Is this operating point stable or unstable?
(c) The starting time, if the total equivalent moment of inertia of the system is 0.25 kg.m2?

Prof., Dr. Hussein Sarhan

Question 1

A drive has the following parameters:

Total (equivalent) moment of inertia J   2.5kg.m 2 , Tm  15  0.05n, N .m ,

TL  5  0.06n, N .m , where n is the rotational speed in rpm.

(1) Determine the steady-state operating point(s) and check its (their) stability.

(2) If the drive is braked under no-load by electrical braking from the steady-state, the
motor torque becomes Tm  10  0.04n, N .m . Calculate the time taken by the drive to
stop.

Question 2

A drive system has the following motor torque profile and load torque profile. The
equivalent moment of inertia of the system is 1.5 kg.m2.

1. Plot the motor speed profile

2. Find the equivalent torque of the motor.

3. Plot the developed mechanical power P2 profile.

Question 3

The following drive system is used to raise a load at constant velocity. The motor
rotational speed is 1000 rpm, and the rotational speed of the drum is 200 rpm. The
efficiency of the gear box is 0.85. The efficiency of the drum is 100%. The moment of
inertia of the motor (input shaft) is 0.5 kg.m2, and the moment of inertia of the drum
(output shaft) is 0.75 kg.m2. There is a friction on the motor shaft equivalent to 10 N.m.
Calculate:

(1) The total (equivalent) moment of inertia of the drive system referred to the motor
shaft.

(2) The developed mechanical power on the motor shaft.

Part (c): If the motor torque of a drive system is given as: Tm=50 – 0.5ɷ, N.m and TL=
20 N.m, where ɷ is the angular speed in rad/s.

1. Find the no-load speed of the motor, 2. Calculate the steady-state operating speed of
the motor, 3. Check the stability of steady-state operating point.

Question 4

A drive system has the following speed and load torque profiles.
Plot the developed mechanical power profile and find the equivalent developed power
during the cycle.
Question 1
A 75-kW motor operates with the following duty cycle:
1. Acceleration under no-load for 2s with a power loss of 5kW.
2. Steady-state running under rated conditions for 120s.
3. Electrical braking under no-load for 1.5s with power loss of 10kW.
4. Idling interval
The nominal efficiency of the motor is 0.95 and ß=0.6. Can the drive
system be operated at a frequency of 50 cycles per hour?

Question 2
A 400-kW motor has heating time constant of 70 min and a cooling time
constant of 90 min.
1. When used in short-time periodic duty cycle consisting of loaded
period of 10 min followed by rest period long enough for the motor
to cool down, what will be the maximum load that the motor can
carry?
2. Determine the maximum load the motor can deliver when
subjected to intermittent periodic load cycle consisting of a load
period of 10 min followed by a rest period of 15 min.

Prof. Dr. Hussein Sarhan

1
A three-phase, delta- connected induction motor has the following
ratings:
440V, 970rpm, 50Hz, , ,
Find:
1. The starting torque and maximum torque of the motor.
2. The over-loading capacity ƛ
3. The range of speed for stable steady-state operation.
4. The drop in speed for natural mechanical characteristic
5. The maximum holding torque under re-generative braking operation.
6. The maximum current
7. The speed at which the maximum current occurs
8. The power rating of the motor
9. What will happen to the over-loading capacity if the supply voltage has
been reduced by 15%?

Prof. Dr. Hussein Sarhan

1
 Homework-02

Check the stability of steady-state operating point by using:

1. The geometric meaning of Hardness of Mechanical Characteristic.

2. Shift of steady-state operating point from its position (Iteration method)

Prof., Dr. Hussein Sarhan