Indira Gandhi National Tribal University

Amarkantak (M. P.)-484887

(A Central University Established by an Act of Parliament)

SYLLABUS
For Generic Elective

Department of Mathematics
(Faculty of Science)

1
Generic Elective –Honors Program

Semester Subject Course I. A. End Total Lecture Tutorial Practical Credit

Code Sem.
Nark

Sem. 1 MMATH- Basic 40 60 100 5 1 - 6

GEN 01 Mathematics (5+1)

Sem. 2 MMATH- 40 60 100 5 1 - 6

GEN 02 Matrices (5+1)

Sem. 3 MMATH- Algebra 40 60 100 5 1 - 6

GEN 03 and (5+1)
Vectors
Sem. 4 MMATH- 40 60 100 5 1 - 6
GEN 04 Calculus (5+1)

Table of Contents
1. Basic Mathematics (MA-GE-410)....................................................................................................................3
2. Matrices (MMATH-GEN 02) .........................................................................................................................4
3. Algebra and Vectors (MMATH-GEN 03) .........................................................................................................5
4. Calculus (MMATH-GEN 04) .............................................................................................................................6

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1. Basic Mathematics (MA-GE-410)

Unit 1:
Sets and their representation, empty set, finite and infinite sets, equal sets, subsets, subsets of sets of
real numbers especially intervals with notations, power set, universal set, union and intersection of
sets, complement of a set, properties of complement of a set, ordered pairs, Cartesian product of
sets, number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets.

Unit 2:
Definition of relation, types of relations- reflexive, symmetric, transitive, antisymmetric and
equivalence relations, functions, types of functions- injective, surjective, bijective, many one,
inverse functions, composite functions, algebra of functions.

Unit 3:
Limit and continuity of functions of single variables.

Unit 4:
Differentiation, integration, indefinite integrals, definite integrals.

Unit 5:
Formation of differential equations, degree and order of differential equations, solution of first order
and first degree differential equations.

Books:

1. Lalji Prasad, Set Theory, Paramount Publications, 2016.

2. Shanti Narayan and P.K. Mittal, A Course of Mathematical Analysis, S. Chand, 2005.
3. S.C. Malik and S. Arora, Mathematical Analysis, New Age International, 2017.
4. R.G. Bartle and D.R. Sherbert, Introduction to Real Analysis, Wiley, 2014.
5. N. P. Bali, Differential Equations, Golden Maths Series, published by Firewall Media ,2006.

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2. Matrices (MMATH-GEN 02)

Unit 1:
Recapitulation of types of matrices

Unit 2:
Determinants of square matrices defined as mappings: ∆: (2, R) R and ∆: (3, R) R, properties
of determinants including ∆(𝐴𝐵) = ∆(𝐴)∆(𝐵), problems, minors and cofactors of elements of a
square matrix, adjoint, singular and non-singular matrices, inverse of a matrix.

Unit 3:
Characteristic equation and characteristic roots of a square matrix, Cayley-Hamilton theorem,
verification of Cayley-Hamilton theorem for square matrices of order 2, inverse of a square matrix
by Cayley-Hamilton theorem.

Unit 4:
Rank, nullity of the matrices, elementary row operations and column operations, similarity
transformation of the matrices, congruent matrices and equivalent matrices.

Unit 5:
Solution to the system of homogeneous and inhomogeneous equations, consistency and
inconsistency with examples.

Books:
1. Shanti Narayan and P.K. Mittal, A Text Book of Matrices, S. Chand, 2010.
2. A.R. Vasishtha, Matrices, Krishna Prakashan, 2014.
3. A.I. Kostrikin, Introduction to Algebra, Springer Verlag, 1984.
4. S.H. Friedberg, A.L. Insel and L.E. Spence, Linear Algebra, PHI Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2004.
5. R. Bronson, Theory and problems of matrix operation, Tata McGraw Hill, 1989.

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3. Algebra and Vectors (MMATH-GEN 03)

Unit 1:

Number system, binary operations, algebraic structures, quasigroup, semigroup, monoid, abelian
group, finite and infinite groups, order of a group, binary composition, tables and proofs of
following statements:

1. Identity element in a group is unique.

2. The inverse of an element in a group is unique .
3. 𝑎−1 −1 = 𝑎.
4. 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 −1 = 𝑏 −1 ∗ 𝑎 −1 .
5. Left and right cancellation laws.
6. Solutions of 𝑎 ∗ 𝑥 = 𝑏 and 𝑦 ∗ 𝑎 = 𝑏 exist and are unique in a group.

Unit 2:

Permutations group and cyclic group, subgroup, homomorphism, isomorphism.

Unit 3:
Scalar and vector quantities, properties of vectors, types of vectors, algebra of vectors.

Unit 4:
Product of vectors, double and triple products.

Unit 5:
Divergence and curl of vectors.

Books:

1. Shanti Narayan and P.K. Mittal, A Text Book of Vector Analysis, S. Chand, 2010.
2. A.R. Vasishtha, Modern Algebra, Krishna Prakashan, 2014.
3. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley, 2011.
4. R.K. Jain and S.R.K. Iyengar, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa, 2016.
5. M.R. Spiegel, S. Lipschutz and D. Spellman, Vector Analysis, Schaum’s Series, 2017.
6. I.N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, Wiley, 2006.
7. J.B. Fraleigh, A First Course in Abstract Algebra, Pearson Education, 2002.

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4. Calculus (MMATH-GEN 04)

Prerequisites:

Unit 1:

Differentiation of trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions,

exponential functions, hyperbolic functions, parametrically defined functions, implicitly defined
functions, rational functions, product of two functions.

Unit 2:

Equations of tangent and normal, angle of intersection of two curves, monotonic functions,
convexity, concavity and point of inflexion, maxima and minima of functions of single variable.

Unit 3:

Partial differentiation, Euler’s theorem on homogeneous functions, Jacobians, maxima and minima
of functions of two variables.

Unit 4:

Asymptotes, singular points, curve tracing of Cartesian and parametric equations.

Unit 5:

Definite integrals, area of plane regions, volume and surface area of solids of revolution.

Books:

1. Shanti Narayan, Differential Calculus, S. Chand Publications, 1942.

2. Shanti Narayan, Integral Calculus, S. Chand Publications, 2005.
3. Gorakh Prasad, Text Book on Differential Calculus, Pothishala Pvt. Ltd. 2016.
4. Gorakh Prasad, Text Book on Integral Calculus, Pothishala Pvt. Ltd. 2015.
5. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley, 2011.
6. R.K. Jain and S.R.K. Iyengar, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa, 2016.
7. H.K. Das, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand, 2007.
8. B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 2015.