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3 3
3 0.5
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 [𝑓(−1) + 𝑓(3) + 4 ∑ 𝑓(𝑥2𝑘+1) + 2 ∑ 𝑓(𝑥2𝑘)]
−1 𝑘=0 𝑘=1
3
0.5
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = [6.9 + 15.7 + 4(14.3) + 2(15)]
−1 3
3
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = 18.3𝑢2
−1
3 3(0.5)
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = [( ) + 3(𝑥1) + 3(𝑥2) + 𝑓(𝑥3)]
−1 8
3
∫ 0,25078𝑒𝑥 ln(𝑥 + 3,89023) 𝑑𝑥
0
a) Método de trapecio:
3 3
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = [0.340676 + 2(0.814808) + 2(1.893338) + 2(4.318164) +
0 8
9.722034]
3
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = 9.0432𝑢2
0
b) Método de trapecio 1/3.
1 1
3 0.75
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 [𝑓(0) + 𝑓(3) + 4 ∑ 𝑓(𝑥2𝑘+1) + 2 ∑ 𝑓(𝑥2𝑘)]
0 𝑘=0 𝑘=1
3
0.75
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = [(0.340676) + (9.722034) + 4(0.814808 + 4.318164)
0 3
+ 2(1.893338)]
3
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = 8.5953𝑢2
0
c) Regla de 3/8
𝑏
3ℎ
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = [𝑓(𝑥0) + 3𝑓(𝑥1) + 3𝑓(𝑥2) + 𝑓(𝑥3)]
𝑎 8
3 3(0.75)
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = [0.340676 + 3(1.820062) + 3(3.285964) + (9.722034)]
0 8
3
∫0 𝑓(𝑥) =7.138346𝑢
2
4 1
𝐼1 = 𝐼ℎ2− 𝐼ℎ1 = 8.670983
3 3
4 1
𝐼2 = 𝐼ℎ3− 𝐼ℎ2 = 7.769897
3 3
4 1
𝐼3 = 𝐼ℎ4− 𝐼ℎ3 = 7.947470
3 3
4 1
𝐼4 = 𝐼ℎ5− 𝐼ℎ4 = 7.953603
3 3
Tercer nivel
16 1
𝐼1 = 𝐼2 − 𝐼1 = 7.709824
15 15
16 1
𝐼2 = 𝐼3 − 𝐼2 = 7.959308
15 15
16 1
𝐼3 = 𝐼4 − 𝐼3 = 7.954011
15 15
Cuarto nivel
64 1
𝐼1 = 𝐼2 − 𝐼1 = 7.963268
63 63
64 1
𝐼2 = 𝐼3 − 𝐼2 = 7.953926
63 63
Quinto Nivel
256 1 𝐼 = 7.953889𝑢2
𝐼 = 𝐼−
1
255 2 255 1
5. Solucione paso a paso los siguientes ejercicios de Integrales Múltiples:
1 2,19
2
a. ∫0 ∫0 (𝑥 + 1,98𝑦)𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦,
donde para cada integral use el
método de Simpson 1/3 con n=4
Solución
2 1
∫ ∫ (𝑥 2,19 + 1,98𝑦)𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
0 0
1 1
= (16𝑓 ( , 1) + 4𝑓 ( , 0) + 4𝑓(1,1) + 𝑓(1,2) + 𝑓(1,0) + 4𝑓(0,1) + 𝑓(0,2)
2 2
(1)(2)
+ 𝑓(0,0))
36
(35.1864 + 0.8766 + 11.92 + 4.96 + 1 + 7.92 + 3.96 + 0)2
= = 3.656
36
Donde
√0,9𝑦
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) =
𝑥 1,125
+1
Así
𝑥1 = 𝑥0 + 0.48 = 0.48
1.8974
𝑦1 = 𝑦0 + 0.48 ( ) = 4.9107
1
𝑥2 = 𝑥1 + 0.48 = 0.96
2.1023
𝑦2 = 𝑦1 + 0.48 ( ) = 5.6125
1.4379
𝑥3 = 𝑥2 + 0.48 = 1.44
2.2475
𝑦3 = 𝑦2 + 0.48 ( ) = 6.1643
1.9551
𝑥4 = 𝑥3 + 0.48 = 1.92
𝑦4 = 𝑦3 + 0.48(2.3554/2.5071) = 6.6152
Solución
𝑥0 = 0, 𝑦0 = 4
Teniendo en cuenta que
𝑥𝑖+1 = 𝑥𝑖 + ℎ
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + ℎ𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )
Donde
√0,9𝑦
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) =
𝑥 1,125
+1
Así
𝑥1 = 𝑥0 + 0.55 = 0.55
1.8974
𝑦1 = 𝑦0 + 0.55 ( ) = 5.0435
1
𝑥2 = 𝑥1 + 0.55 = 1.1
2.1305
𝑦2 = 𝑦1 + 0.55 ( ) = 5.9147
1.4585
𝑥3 = 𝑥2 + 0.55 = 1.65
2.3072
𝑦3 = 𝑦2 + 0.55 ( ) = 6.5152
2.1131
𝑥4 = 𝑥3 + 0.55 = 2.2
2.4215
𝑦4 = 𝑦3 + 0.55 ( ) = 6.9983
2.7565
7. Aplicar el Método de Taylor de orden dos a la ecuación y´ = Cos(xy),
con la condición inicial:
Solución
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = cos(𝑥𝑦)
𝑓𝑥′ (𝑥, 𝑦) = −𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥𝑦)
𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥, 𝑦) = −𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥𝑦)
Los nodos son:
𝑥0 = 0, 𝑥1 = 0.28, 𝑥2 = 0.56, 𝑥3 = 0.84, 𝑥4 = 1.12
La fórmula de recurrencia es, en este caso:
(0.28)2 ′
𝑦̅𝑗+1 = 𝑦̅𝑗 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥𝑗 , 𝑦̅𝑗 ) + [𝑓𝑥 (𝑥, 𝑦̅𝑗 ) + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥, 𝑦̅𝑗 )𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦̅𝑗 )]
2
Iteraciones:
𝑥0 = 0, ̅̅̅
𝑦0 = 1
Calculamos
𝑓(0,1) = 1
𝑓𝑥′ (0,1) = 0
𝑓𝑦′ (0,1) = 0
(0.28)2 ′ (0.28)2
𝑦̅1 = ̅̅̅
𝑦0 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥0 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦0 + 𝑦0 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥0 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥0 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦0 0 , ̅̅̅)]
𝑦0 = 1 + 0.28 + (0)
2 2
= 1.28
Fase 2
𝑥1 = 0.28, 𝑦̅1 = 1.28
𝑓(0.28,1.28) = 0.9999
𝑓𝑥′ (0.28,1.28) = −8.0066 × 10−3
𝑓𝑦′ (0.28,1.28) = −1.7514 × 10−3
(0.28)2 ′
𝑦̅2 = ̅̅̅
𝑦1 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥1 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦1 + 𝑦1 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥1 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥1 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦1 1 , ̅̅̅)]
𝑦1
2
(0.28) 2
= 1.28 + 0.2499 + [−9.8156 × 10−3 ] = 1.5295
2
Fase 3
𝑥2 = 0.56 𝑦̅2 = 1.5295
𝑓(0.56, 1.5295) = 0.9998
𝑓𝑥′ (0.56, 1.5295) = −0.02287
𝑓𝑦′ (0.56, 1.5295) = −8.3711 × 10−3
(0.28)2 ′
𝑦̅3 = ̅̅̅
𝑦2 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥2 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥2 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥2 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦2 2 , ̅̅̅)]
𝑦2
2
(0.28)2
= 1.5295 + 0.2499 + [−0.03124] = 1.7782
2
Fase 4
𝑥3 = 0.84 𝑦̅3 = 1.7782
𝑓(0.84,1.7782) = 0.9996
𝑓𝑥′ (0.84,1.7782) = −0.0463
𝑓𝑦′ (0.84,1.7782) = −0.0218
(0.28)2 ′
𝑦̅4 = ̅̅̅
𝑦3 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥3 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦3 + 𝑦3 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥3 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥3 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦3 3 , ̅̅̅)]
𝑦3
2
(0.28) 2
= 1.7782 + 0.2499 + [−0.0680] = 2.0254
2
Solución
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = cos(𝑥𝑦)
𝑓𝑥′ (𝑥, 𝑦) = −𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥𝑦)
𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥, 𝑦) = −𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥𝑦)
Los nodos son:
𝑥0 = 0, 𝑥1 = 0.15, 𝑥2 = 0.30, 𝑥3 = 0.45, 𝑥4 = 0,60
La fórmula de recurrencia es, en este caso:
(0.15)2 ′
𝑦̅𝑗+1 = 𝑦̅𝑗 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥𝑗 , 𝑦̅𝑗 ) + [𝑓𝑥 (𝑥, 𝑦̅𝑗 ) + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥, 𝑦̅𝑗 )𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦̅𝑗 )]
2
Iteraciones:
𝑥0 = 0, ̅̅̅
𝑦0 = 1
Calculamos
𝑓(0,1) = 1
𝑓𝑥′ (0,1) = 0
𝑓𝑦′ (0,1) = 0
(0.15)2 ′ (0.15)2
𝑦̅1 = ̅̅̅
𝑦0 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥0 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦0 + 𝑦0 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥0 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥0 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦0 ,
0 0𝑦
̅̅̅)] = 1 + 0.25 + (0)
2 2
= 1.25
Fase 2
𝑥1 = 0.15, 𝑦̅1 = 1.25
𝑓(0.15,1.25) = 0,9992
𝑓𝑥′ (0.15,1.25) = −0,2330
𝑓𝑦′ (0.15,1.25) = −0,0279
(0.15)2 ′
𝑦̅2 = ̅̅̅
𝑦1 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥1 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦1 + 𝑦1 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥1 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥1 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦1 1 , ̅̅̅)]
𝑦1
2
(0.15) 2
= 1.25 + 0.2498 + [−0.2608] = 1.4968
2
Fase 3
𝑥2 = 0.30 𝑦̅2 = 1.4968
𝑓(0.30, 1.4968) = 0.9008
𝑓𝑥′ (0.30, 1.4968) = −0.6497
𝑓𝑦′ (0.30, 1.4968) = −0,1302
(0.15)2 ′
𝑦̅3 = ̅̅̅
𝑦2 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥2 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥2 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥2 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦2 2 , ̅̅̅)]
𝑦2
2
(0.15)2
= 1.4968 + 0.2252 + [−0.7669] = 1.7133
2
Fase 4
𝑥3 = 0.45 𝑦̅3 = 1.7133
𝑓(0.45, 1.7133) = 0.7172
𝑓𝑥′ (0.45, 1.7133) = −1.1938
𝑓𝑦′ (0.45, 1.7133) = −0,3135
(0.15)2 ′
𝑦̅4 = ̅̅̅
𝑦3 + 0.25𝑓(𝑥3 , ̅̅̅)
𝑦3 + 𝑦3 + 𝑓𝑦′ (𝑥3 , ̅̅̅)𝑓(𝑥
[𝑓𝑥 (𝑥3 , ̅̅̅) 𝑦3 3 , ̅̅̅)]
𝑦3
2
(0.15) 2
= 1.7133 + 0.1793 + [−1,4186] = 1.8766
2
2
Usando Ralston sabemos que 𝑎2 = 3, entonces las ecuaciones anteriores
se convierten en
1 2
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + ( 𝑘1 + 𝑘2 ) ℎ
3 3
𝑘1 = 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )
3 3
𝑘2 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
4 4
Así
𝑘1 = 𝑓(0,3) = 0
𝑘2 = 𝑓(0.36, 3) = 3.87
𝑥1 = 0 + 0.48 = 0.48
1 2
𝑦1 = 3 + ( (0) + (3.87)) 0.48 = 4.2384
3 3
𝑘1 = 𝑓(0.48, 4.2384) = 6.82
𝑘2 = 𝑓(0.78, 6.6936) = 10.77
𝑥2 = 0.48 + 0.48 = 0.96
1 2
𝑦2 = 4.2384 + ( (6.82) + (10.77)) 0.48 = 8.776
3 3
𝑘1 = 𝑓(0.96,8.776) = 5.33
𝑘2 = −24.79
𝑥3 = 0.96 + 0.48 = 1.44
1 2
𝑦3 = 8.776 + ( (5.33) + (−24.79)) 0.48 = 1.696
3 3
𝑘1 = 𝑓(1.44 , 1.696) = −6.3
𝑘2 = 𝑓(1.8, −0.572) = 0.74
𝑥4 = 1.44 + 0.48 = 1.92
1 2
𝑦4 = 1.696 + ( (−6.3) + (0.74)) 0.48 = 0.9248
3 3
b. y(0) = 3 y usando h = 0.55. El espacio para h lo completa con
la última cifra de su número de documento.
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑦(𝑥0 ) = 𝑦0
𝑥𝑖+1 = 𝑥𝑖 + ℎ
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + (𝑎1 𝑘1 + 𝑎2 𝑘2 )ℎ
𝑘1 = 𝑓(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )
𝑘2 = 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 + 𝑝1 ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑞11 𝑘1 )
2
Usando Ralston sabemos que 𝑎2 = 3, entonces las ecuaciones anteriores
se convierten en
1 2
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + ( 𝑘1 + 𝑘2 ) ℎ
3 3
𝑘1 = 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )
3 3
𝑘2 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
4 4
Así
𝑘1 = 𝑓(0,3) = 0
𝑘2 = 𝑓(0.4125, 3) = 4.50
𝑥1 = 0 + 0.55 = 0.55
1 2
𝑦1 = 3 + ( (0) + (4.50)) 0.55 = 4.65
3 3