SSN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

KALAVAKKAM-603110

INTERNALLY FUNDED STUDENT PROJECT - 2018

DESIGN OF AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT PREVENTION AND CONTROL

SYSTEM

Kowsalya.P – 3rd year EEE

Fathima.H – 3rd year EEE
Harshini.M– 3rd year EEE

Dr. K.USHA
Associate Professor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

BUDGET: INR 20,250(Twenty thousand two hundred and fifty)

DURATION: 12 months

Signature of the Project Students Signature of the Project Guide

Signature of the HOD

1.Project Title : Design of Automobile Accident Prevention and Control System

2. Broad Subject: Microcontrollers and Control System.

3. Project Duration (in months): 12

4. Budget (in thousands): INR 20,250

5. Project Summary

Now a days the mortality ratio has been increasing due to accidents and delay in
rescue system. The main goal of this project is to increase the road safety by
reducing the number of accidents by predetermining the cause and avoiding it. The
key work of this Project is to detect the buffer zones and control the speed of the
vehicles automatically using RF transceiver by using RFID. This project also detects the
obstacles and controls the speed of the vehicle. We use eye blink sensor to detect the
drowsiness and drunken drive by comparing the blinking rate with the assigned threshold
value. In our work, we use a triple axis accelerometer to detect the occurrence of accident
event and track the location. The GPS and GSM module is used for such an action and sends
notification to the rescue system and the preconfigured mobile numbers. A pressure sensor is
used in order to avoid damage to the tyres.

6. Keywords :
 Road accidents
 Prevention
 Control

7. Objectives:

 To design a control system in automobile that would assist the driver to drive safe and
steady.
 To reduce road accidents.
 To ensure Safety of people

8. Introduction

According to the World Health Organization, more than a million people in the world die
each year because of transportation-related accidents . In order to react to this situation, the
black box system draws the first step to solve problem. A significant number of vehicles
currently on the roads contain electronic systems that record in the event of a crash. That is
why it is so important to have recorders that objectively track what goes on in vehicles
before, during and after a crash as a complement to the was used. Subjective input that is
taken usually from victims, eye witnesses and police reports. This system is mainly
committed to two sections. The first one is how to detect and collect the information from the
vehicle. The second is how to present the data to the user in a simplified way.
To implement the first section many components and various types of sensors are used.
While the second section was implementing by using the Embedded C programming. This
programming helps in not only recording the data but also retrieving the data from
microcontroller memory to an LCD to display it. In order to know which type of sensors to be
installed into the vehicle various types of research are done and following ones are
considered as the most important data that is needed after the accident: Belt status, Break
status, Lane detection and CAN Failures.
Modern vehicles equipped with driver assistance system can “feel” (by sensors), “see”
(by cameras) and in future – “speak” (by communication systems). Services subjected to
improved road safety by avoiding accidents and reducing injury severity. The efficiency of
our project is to support a foresighted driving and enhanced driving comfort. The primary
objective of this project is to provide innovative services relating to transport which enables
users to be better informed and make safer and ‘smarter’ use of transport system. Road side
unit provide information to the vehicle unit which helps the driver to control the vehicle. The
use of image processing techniques has a main drawback of requiring a large memory to store
the processed image, inaccuracy and the image cannot be captured in all the axes [1]. The use
of Raspberry Pi will make the programming complex. The memory space of Raspberry Pi is
very limited we cannot expand the memory externally it also does not support the Windows
OS with is user friendly. These drawbacks are overcome by our proposed system by using
RFID which does not need large memory space and provide accurate results. The Existing
system contains Individual modules which have their own advantages but an integrated
system would provide to be much more effective.
It is superior to existing technologies. Using this system we can detect the Obstacles
that may not be noticed by the user leading to crash and the vehicle speed is reduced
gradually. In case if the Accident occurs that is sensed and intimated to the rescue services in
order to save the user’s life. If the user in the drowsy mode that is intimated via signal
transmission thereby the speed of the vehicle is reduced stage by stage. When the vehicle
enters into the Zone region that is detected by the controller and it controls the speed of the
vehicle automatically.

9. Definition of the Problems:

A large percentage of accidents has been caused by driver error such as drowsiness where the
person feels asleep suddenly that one may lose one’s control over the vehicle that may lead to
accident. Drunken driving is one of the major causes of road accidents. The statistics show
that most of road accidents in the highways are due to drunken driving . Other causes for
road accidents include careless driving. So to minimize these kind of accidents ,a device has
to be designed which comprises of various sensors in a single board that would take
precautions to avoid accidents.

10. Review of status of Research and Development in the subject

10.1 National Status

 Adriji Chowdhury(2016) has proposed a system for Automobile Accidental

Prevention using the sensors and Automated braking system
 Aravinda.B et.al (2016) has designed a device which is based on Sensors that is
used to prevent accidents occurring in the highways due to high speed and unexpected
obstacles.
 S.Sanjai (2017) has designed a Automobile Accident Prevention system using
Sensors to prevent accidents due to careless driving.
  S.P. Bhumkar (2012) et.al has proposed a system an Intelligent Car System For
Accident Prevention using automated braking system and sensors.
10.2 International Status

 (2014) Mercedes-Benz has implemented a intelligent system for Accident

Avoidance accompanied with Collision Prevention Assistance
 (2009) Tori Tellem has proposed a technology called Automobile Accident
Prevention using microcontrollers and programming.

11. Novelty Importance of the proposed project in the context of current status

This prototype is designed with minimum number of circuits. This contribute to construct
safer vehicles, improving the treatment for crash victims, helping insurance companies with
their vehicle crash investigations, and enhancing road status in order to decrease the death
rate. This design is simple, less expensive and a compactive one which can be applied to our
real time systems.

12. Work plan and Detailed technical information

All the sensor values are stored in the Micro-controller which has been sensed by the
sensors that are attached to the vehicle unit. Then these sensor values are used for further
processing. Once the sensor detects the accident then microcontroller will make the GPS
to locate the accident spot and an SMS is sent to the preconfigured mobile numbers and
rescue system via GSM. Once the obstacle is detected which may not be noticed by the
driver, the controller will slow down the vehicle slowly. When the user is found to be in
drowsy mode by the sensor, the controller will slow down the vehicle automatically. If
the pressures of the tyres are found to be overloaded the vehicle is slow down by the
controller. This system can also be implemented in the two wheelers to save the life of the
user by slowing down the vehicle stage by stage.
FLOWCHART
MAIN BLOCK DIAGRAM

13. Time schedule of activities giving milestones

Duration in months
Documentation of Final Report

Improvement in design

Testing

Implementation of hardware

Motor Design
Duration in months
Simulation

Embedded C Program

Study of Arduino and sensors

Literature Survey

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

14. Deliverables

This system is a vehicle-based intelligent safety system which could improve road
safety in terms of crash avoidance, crash severity mitigation and protection and post-
crash phases or, indeed, integrated in-vehicle or infrastructure based systems which
contribute to more than one of these crash-phases or all. Vehicle safety is a key
strategy to address ambitious long-term and interim goals and targets as part of an
integrated Safe System approach. Secondary safety or crash protection technologies
continue to deliver large savings; in the last few years primary safety or crash
avoidance technologies have started to contribute to casualty reduction and hold
potentially large future promise.

15. Target beneficiaries of the proposed work

 Road accidents can be reduced to a minimal level by implementing this

Technology.
 Mortality rate can be reduced.
 Improved Safe Driving.

16. Suggested plan of action for utilization of research outcome expected from the
project
The research outcomes will be published in international journals and national journals.

17. References
1. Amir, M. Likun, X. and Tong Boon Tang, (2015) “Vehicle Detection Techniques for
Collision Avoidance Systems”, IEEE Transactions On Intelligent Transportation Systems,
vol. 16, No. 5.
2. Amruta, K. (2014) “Intelligent Driver Assistance System Using Image Processing”,
International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science,vol.3, no. 11.
3. Bruno, F. Vitor, G. Joaquim, F. and Arnaldo Oliveira, (2015) “Mobile Application for
Automatic Accident Detection and Multimodal Alert” IEEE journal, vol. 8, no.15.
4. Gang, L. Boon, L.L. and Wan-Young, C. (2015) “Smartwatch-based Wearable EEG
System for Driver Drowsiness Detection”, IEEE Sensors Journal.
5. Jegan, R. M. Gangadhar, N. D. and Viswanath, K. R. (2010) “A Real-Time Video
Processing Based Driver Assist System” SAS tech, vol 9, no.1.
6. http://www.airbagcrash.com (General Motor Event Data Recorders)
7. K. Kowalick, "Black Boxes: Event Data Recorder Rulemaking for Automobiles",
MICAH, summer 2006.
8. Thomas K. Kowalick, "Fatal Exit: The Automotive Black Box Debate", Wiley, IEEE
Press, Feb. 2005.
9. Available [online]: www.alldatasheet.com

18. List of facilities and Equipments available with Department for the project
 Computer (Simulation lab)
 Soldering Kit
 RPS
 Measuring Devices
19. Budget Estimates
S.No APPARATUS QUANTITY AMOUNT
REQUIRED (INR)
1 Arduino AT MEGA 2560 1 4500
2 PCB board 1 300
3 DC motor 1 2200
4 Eye blink sensor 1 500
5 Gas Sensor 1 550
6 Ultrasonic Sensor 1 450
7 Battery 1 2000
8 Soldering kit 1 350
9 GPS Module 1 1500
10 GSM Module 1 1700
11 RFID Tag 1 250
12 RFID Reader 1 300
13 LCD Display 1 450
14 Vibration Sensor 1 1100
15 Wheels 4 600
16 Buzzer 1 300
17 Gas Indicator 1 1700
18 Hardware Assemble 1500
TOTAL 20250

20. Budget Justification:

 Arduino kit is used for micro controller purpose.
 Sensors is used to detect various parameters.
 GPS and GSM are used for tracking location.