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t

LNTVERSITY OF CALICU'T

REGILATIO\S .T\ID SYLLABTTS

1
t

BACHELOR OF PH.{R\TACY COUR^SE


(B.PHAtuvI DEGREE ) REVISED

2 O 02 A D bTI SS rc A' O N1.T/RD S


htr'-o

U\IvERSITY OF CALICUT

Regulations and syllabus for the Four-Year


B-Pharm Degree course( Revised )
( 2002 admissions onwards )

I, TITLE OF THE PROGRA.NI\fE


Programme in Pharmacy ( B'Pharm )
The programmo shall be called the Bachelor Degree

2. ELIGIDTLTTY FOR ADMSSION.

tMnimumqualifcationforadmissionintoFirstyearoftheB.PharmCourse.
courses in English medium and passed the
A caadidate who has undergone any of the follow'iog year of
opiionar subjeas ii eligibte for admission to Fiist
examination with 50% marks in the aggregare of

f Calicut with Physics, Chemistry and

Kerala with Physics, Chemistry and Biology/


M
--3.hysics'ChemistryandBiology/Mathematicsasoptional of
su o any of the above o<aminations by the Universiry
ualcut.
CaIiput. r rrr^ar
ffi [:r':pe1:rff &11:i]l3f:y^.*:::.1l:?,'Xi]#;i;1H",T#ffi
I\orq '-xr ttrslrtu' vt I il;'*
Chemistry and Biology or Physics, Chemi@
and
optio'4d subjeas, the hlgregate of Physics, , , a ^r-r-iooi^n Fnrrhose
,E '^Y']T-:T i=:?"";";;;"i;;-;riJ"r.iro'
,emaucs wfuch ever ls. -
- ^L- ----^^; of admission-
the purpose
- t
For
__:_-ri^-
those
+L.a
who
SoYomarks in o-itrarm final examinarion' the
i"uirir-,io"
tttel,efr;"fr* 'ith
-t l- D-o:rlam* /tr{tSter
Ifioher secondary
SeCOf
i*"t;"';";?';rr';';; inthe option'r'ylj:L'-i:I":L:fl,.:
-. ---r ^-.L:^'-

will be waived'
ffiiffi;i;;';h"r examiiration approved as equivalent i:i .:i:1
\
tvfinimum qla$fication for admission directly in
to Second year of the B.Pharm course ( Laleral
B.
' admission)

of Education Regulation l99l under


A candidate who has passed Diploma in Pharmacy course oif 5tr/o
pharmary Act l94t &om an instirution Pharmacy Council of naiawith a minijmum '::

";;;;1"
marks in the final yearo<amination. -,
_ , ..!,
.\ ':.
3. DURATION OF TIE COURSE.
ot Iour acaocllr "--o r^r -*^"' '
The course of study for B-Pbarm shall slall extend P"::9:,i^ry:j:f*T
o<t1d over a penocl
"*'i ii.r' ,-i'
i,ii.,,i
ri." Vi=t
admitted to the .F[st
admttted year ,r,t.
ot tne l'"ru4rru
B-Pharm
l'-ruuru
uuurJv'
Course'
wuJv
Pi'T.lgYi:lTlt
:"--.'.:--l-]--,i --'_ _,;i--
rr rsvrvYrv- -;, -
',,
i

to the Second year or rne


hoIderstothesooojy.-ortr,"B.Pharm@urseissubjectedtotheceiling-^
holders .- ,. n-.-'---,
rby ^L- nr.^-anir f^,'nnil
\-\ nf India and All tndia Council
of the First year **;Jb,;;-P;;atrv
course tne rIufit;*'! cguryil
t, ,hi4ii:ir.1.,.;
R ph;irn
forBJ : ,:
I

educatioo. For those admitted directly to the Seconil "F*i-1li-ii:"^3,:Tr,1r


year' the *T*
o*r" of st,dy
"-'1:Ij]I:l-,..inn rn :
,
',

;ffi:':il,:ffi:"# ilffi;'ri'; ;;d"t" is to"-. ho',e-'.11g1:,g'f,"''


f5::'"Tr'J'Tn",i"*"J#;d;;;dry.Y:1:^:-,'-'-?:,"*H?#1'i
*, course berore appearing ror the rhird vear
ffiffil"iffiJ,ilffi;;H# i#rinconsists ,^^ nA "rndrino drvs
of n ress than 200 working davs'
;:#'#:ffiffi. Each academicyear ,t

1
4 i\,rEDrLN{ OF INSTRUCI-IO\ I
't
t
Medium of insrruction shajl
be Enehsh

5 ATTENDANCE

A candidate is required to put


in at least 80% of anerdT:.. r.n rheory
separuely in a recomised institution and practical subjects
approved by and a-ffiliared to tr,.
calicut' Pharmacy council of unli"rsiry or
India and AII India council for echnicaj
Education .
6. COURSE OF STUDY.

ffr;ilffi"fi-:.11&*,'i:iil 4 ni and Finar vear shaJr incrude the respective theory

FIRST B.PEAR,V

'1-2
l-J
l4
I-5
t-6
THIR.D B-PtL{R,\I

Subjea Subject Hours of theory Hours of practical


code per week Der week

3-l Pharmaceutical Chemistry-V ( Chemistry of


Nanrral Products)
3-2 Pharmaceutical Microbiolory & Biotechnology 2 3
3-3 Pharmacology- [ ) 3
34 Pharmaceutics- II 3 3
3-5 Pharmacognosy- II 2 3
3-6 Pharmaceutics- III ( Hospital, Communitv & 3 3
Dispensing Pharmacy )
3-7 Pharmaceutical Jurispru dence

Total number of hours / week l8 t8

FINAI B-PBARVI

7. SCHEME OF EXAMINATION

The university examioation shallbe held at the end of each academic year, ordinarily in July- August-A
supplementary examination shall also be hel4 ordinarily in Jarmary- February- Candidate shall have to
i

p.odu"e certifcate at tbe end of each academic year from the Head of the krstitution in proof of hisThei
attendance, having rqtrlarly and satisfactorily undergone the course of study by attending not less_than
8091o of ctasses held both in theory and'in practical separately in each zubject. The marks awarded fof;$P
examinations will be as follows.
T,IRST
,!i:
B-PSARM

100 150

t-l P barmaceuti cal Cb emi strY-I


(lnorganic & PhYsicai
100 50 150
ChemistrY)
t-z Pbarmaceutical Chemistry-tr
150
( Organic ChemistrY)
Pbarmacogrosy -l
40lloltso 100
40)
50
201
1-3 30) [ tr] :150
l4 (A) Human Anatomy 60)
Human PhYsiologY.
50) I zs) '1)
@) 150
1-5 Mathematics & Biostaucs 40lloit:o r00 50

t-6 Basic Electronics &


Co\nputer aPPlication

GRAND TOTAL 1600 M4RISS

SECOND
Theon' I Practical
Sessi \;iva Total Sessi Total
-ional voce Exam onal
,!{ark lUar Mark Mark Mark Mark
k

) 4 5 6 1 8 9
I 2

3-l P harmaceuti cal ChemistrY-V 80 40 i0 150 t00 50 t50


(Chemistry ofNatural
Products)
3-2 Pbarmaceut ical Microb i ol o gY 80 {0 30 150 100 50 150

& Biotechnology
30 150 r00 50 150
)-) Pbarmacology-I 80 40
34 Pharmacartics-tr @ioPhar- 80 40 i0 150 100 50 150

Eaceutics & Dosage form


Designs)
80 40 30 150 100 50 150
Phdrmacognosy-tr.i;;
80 40 30 I50 100 50 150
Pbarmaceutics-Itr (tlosPital-

70 30 100

re
GRAI.{D TOTAL l g00 MARIq I 000 900

FINAL B
Th."ry
-T total I
r
)j:aT
::l
,l
--1;I
N{ark I M".k

r5o
I

I
J
30 rso I
I
lso I

r5o

::l too lill'


I

r5o I

roo I
_t
il il
I
ro0 I

--t
I

GRAI.ID' I

t
Note -Duration of uheory examination of each sub.;ect will be I hours and of practical erarrunation will
be 4 hours

8 MINIMT/Nf FOR A PASS

No candidate shall be declared to have passed in


-)'zubject, unless he / she obtains;
l. a5 % marks in th 50 % marks in the total for t-he:ry,( A5_<regate
of marks in Univers d Sessionaj examination) and
2' 45 yo mark in the r and 50 Yo mafusin the total for practical (Aggregate
i
of marks in University Examination and Sessional examination)
9 SESSIONAL MARKS

A Theory : Ttfee sessiona] exarninations (evenJy spaced) shall be conducted during


the academic
year. The average marks of best rwo examinations shall
be computed out of a maximum
of40 marks and constitute the sessional in theory.

B. Practicals: Snrdents are expected to perform the number of experiments Iisted


in the respective
syllabus Srudents are required to maintain practical recbrds for each
of the piactical
zubjects and should be produced ar the time of practical examinatiorr
to certify by the
External Examiner- Marks shall be awarded out of maximum
1
of l0 to each of the practical
exerciscs and an average of those shall be computed out of
\ a rnaximum of4o;;kr.-While
awarding the sessional marks for practical experiments, the following
consideratiion should
'be aten in to account.
experiments shall be awarded on tre basis of preparedness
of the
tive skill, results, knowledge of the experiments and viva-voce.
practical sessional marks will be on the basis of a practical
u ed at the end of the academic year. \

A regular record of theory and practical sessionaj marks shall be maintained


for each student in the
institution-

Improvement of Sessional A,Iarks:

an exanination.g.improye the sessionar marks in theory ofthe subjects


,:T.f,:f::l:.":f-1":lr}r
in which be / she failed. For improving the sessiodal marks, rwo
sessional examinations will be condicted
and their average will be taken rnto accouot. Such irmprovement
is allowed for a ma:cimum oftwo times'
for a partianlar subject, The improvemeot of sessionai marks will not
be permined f".;;;U;.- ,r'::
IO. PROMOTION
..: t-: ;

secured theminimum for a pass in a srbject shall be v^vurPtw


erxemfiedtor
9-:911-:,who,have Tquired llfrom
Lrllt
appearing the subsequent examination in such subj"ct- a suUlect includls !6fi1rhm^, R n-*i^^t ,. ;.i
Candidatgs who bave
Candidates tcoi<rcrc{ fnr
for rha f-i.rarci+., o-.-i--+i^-
the fUniversity
lj
have, registered e:raminatiln of b
^r--- will
^r^a class -i'r ' i;"i
,'I,, .
-'"

the irext higher ctass. But he / she will be eligible io appear for
the o<amination
after passing ia dl srbjects in tbe lower class. But itUor" who are eot lateral ram"",I.Trl;:;::,
/ear slih-ll pass subjects in Mathematics & Bio statistics and Basi
of the Fh yeur B.Pharm and all zubjects of tbe'S cond year B.p
year B.Pharm examiDation.
7
ll. AU'ARD OF CL.q.SS AND DISTI.\ICTIO\

Class shall be arvarded for First year B.-Pharm,, Second r,ear B Pharm
and Third year B.pharm

or above in ag_ureeate in all subjects of the B.ptarm


t Class
ks or above but less than 60 yo of the aggregate in all
ed ro have passed in Second Class.
3 Distinction-The candidate securing 75 Yomarks or above in the aggregate of all subjects in
the
B.Pharm. examination in 6rst app€ararce.

For calculation of the Class in Final vear examinatiot the aggregate ofthe
marks of Second,
Third and Final year B-Pharm uill be considered. The candidate securing 60
% marks or above in
aggr€ate in all subjects of the Second, Third and Final vear B Pharm examinations
shall be declared to
have passed in First Class. The candidate securing 50 ?o marks or above but less
than 60 %o of the
aggregate in all subjects of the Second, Third and Final vear B Pharm examinations
shall be declared to
have passed in Second Class. Distinction will be awarded if rhe candidare secures
75 yo marksor abore in
the aggregate in all subjeos in Second, Third and Final year B-Pharm in first
appearance.

12 AWARD OF RANKS

Ranks qrd Medals shall be awarded on the basis the Second, Third and Final
year B.${rarm Examinations Candidates who fail during the B-Pharm course shall
not be eligible for award of ranlis. Iv1ore over the completed the B.Pharm course
in the prescribed (minimum) number of years

13 PRtCrrcAL
\^', TRATND{G i
i

Practical training in a Pharmaceutical Manufacturing House or Laboratory


onal Research Laboratoq' for a period oflnot less than 300-hours to be

rhirqy+grFinaryearmayo""xH::H:,'*:ffi il!r:,H:ili;:':T"ff ff :ff ;::?:tffi .*


from thq training institute, of having undereone thl training successfullyit'fb;;l;;,1*=
9eni6ca1e
Universityby tbe principal of the Colle_ee.

14 INDUSIRI,AL TOLIR '\

several manufacruring houses or National Research


c training and. submit a report to the satisfaction of the Head

-i
2.
--.:qrllF!f,

-i Qualitv assurancc
{ Drug desien and lead identificatron
5 Bioavailablin' and therapeutic drug monrtonnQ
6 Novel drug cielivery system or
7. .{ny other emerging area availing the local expenise

At the end of the year, the project work certified b-r'the supervising teacher wiU be submined to the Head
of.Instirution, The Head of the Institute will constirute a panel of ProfessorV Associate Professors /
Assistant Professors comprising one member each from Pharmaceutics. Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
and Pharmacology Departments. The panel will evaluate the project work on the basis of
and,l or Viva-voce and marks will be sent to the University br the Head of the Institution .

pass in the project work


i8,$rrurn,Tqlkf&tP
VAL OF TNSTITUTION CONDUCTTNG TFIE COLTRSE OF STUDY.

reaching in regards to building, laboratories, Iibran'. equipments and staff patterns as laid down by the
i ;

regulations of All India Council for Technical Education and Pharmacv Council of lndia are available.
The num\6r of admission in an institution shall not be more than 60 as laid down by the All India Council
for Technical Education rezulations
\
\

I
a.--..
-\

COURSE
S\ LL.\BUS FOR B'PIIAR\T

FIRST I'EAR B.PH.4&\I

CHEITTSTR\.- I
:' I PH.,{RI\[ACEUT'ICAL
'il;;;=;' & Ph'sical Chemistry)

I hours / week

leor\-

ntlrrr" Structure equatiorL


equl Quantum numbers'
- ,---?^-c ehrorlinser's
nantre of electrons'
Shrodin-qer's wave
Bolu's model, wave
Geometrr of orbitals theoq
Bondine -\\'aal's forces, Valence bond
ehemical ,. --^ e-rj,rtroo€fl
-co-ordinate &
Hy'droger boncing. \'ancier
;Jc, e "alent'
---r r.l^lo.',lar orbital theon

and characterisrics
oiradiat
of Radio-acrtve e
"t'
trclear
v- Theory
in Ivledici
if.ratluPPfl*tions

analysis' applications'
methods of preparation and
of comPlexes'
'j: -trs in Pharmaceutical s1,srem, their PreParation and
caPacitY - Buff
uation and Buffel
stabilitY. -.-i - General procedure
for limit I

nce of limit t€sts


ead'
storage conditibns'
identification tests'
or th"lrollowing comPounds'
"t

=-c.'toPical agen6'

l0
a1
Iivdrogen peroxide. Sodium perborate. Solution
of
Z,nc oode, Zinc undeco nare,zincsulphare.
Bonc acid, Selenium sulphide, A]ums
lodine, Mercuric oxicie, Ammoniued mercun,.
f Medicinal .qases.
Oryget, Nitrous oxide, Cu:bon dioxde
Sedatives etc
; ,ffiil;r' *.ot;'as including
9:"l*:'1A':,T.:,:t":nts'
bri.ia", Barium zulphate' Sodium thiosulphate
carbonate, Sodium

B. Physical ChemistrY:

rion from ideal behavior and explanation'


l.
nsioq Parachor, Mscosity, refracdve index'
z.
nstituents.
gases in liquids, Colligative properties, Partition
-r.
Debye Huckeltheory'
coefficients, conductance and its measurements'
laws, Zeroth law, Absolute temperature scale'
4. Lhermbdynamics: First, Second and Third
and Phase rule
Therurociremical equaions, Phase equillibria
5 i::ilffi ;ilffi ;; A;.rorught
il ;T q l*' n:T:'- "'f,:
uo
:n:"* :::iT3 ff
absorption Jablens diagrarq Limbert- Beer law'
5 ;flil#Hr:;";;;r"n
Quantum efficiencY.
order reactions, Complex reactions' theories of
reaction
7 Chenu-cal kinetics: Zero, First and Second
hereroqeneous catalysis and acid base and enzwe
kinetics. Characteri stics ornoios*ous and
mechanics, the
g. 61ilffi mechanics: posturates of Quanrul mechanics. operarors in Quantum
Schrodinger wave equation'
3 Hours / week

Inorganic chemistrY

Hi',,;jo"uv i.po.t^nt inorganic compounds mentioned in I'P ( at

Physical ChemistrY
variatio rof the Refractive index with
t. Determinatio, or'iJffiirl'rri",.lra [quid and ' h Lr--f^?
the percenrag: p.mposition using- Refractometer'
composition ,ri*t";;;-*a "a"uu,e
"f
Determination of Partiilo *-"q.ient of ienzoic
acid between benzeqe and waler .
i;;;"r,";,h;;;;;;;n orr" given solution of sodium ctrloride using Phenol-
watef, sys.t_etll-
Todetermine molar mass by Rast method and cryoscopic method'
method"" ' 'l
To deterurine molar rrils oi"ol"tite liquids by Victor-Mayer
and daermine
To determin" tt ,p""ffi" rotation of srcrose at vanous concentrations
' "
the intrinsic rotation.
heat of neutralization'
7. To daermige JJ- *i ,r*lution, heat qf hydration and
b. To determine rate constant of simple r'eaction'
9. To daermilre adsorption isotherm'
ll
g '-\:

1i,,,;... i( . ,l; r:,.-':, :.

i \tireric-n. I \1 . []entlev ancj Dnrer s ,-.''..'-: ,.


^ .t'i\:,,-tiL)ctlt!iCol Chemsrr;. OUbrd
'nrversrtr
[ I)rcss. I-oncion
2 lllocli J I{. Itoche. E. Soine. T O . arC \\ rj-r:,ii t' C. ,ire,'gurttc,lledicinal otd
l)itarmoct'ttttcul t)hamrsrn'. Lea and Febr_!ic: Pruiao:ipir_ra P {
3 \lanin A \ . .{nhur Cammarata. James Srr:rrbnci:- Ph_t'stcol PlurmacS', K-M Varghese & Co
!tlumbai
4 Shoemaler. D P , Garland. C \\' , fupenmenrs rn .Phtstcai Chemsrn', McGraw'Book Co. New
York
5 Bassett J, Dennv RC. Jefi'ery. G H.. \leniira..L J. I ogtl s Tert Book of Ouollitdtive Inorgonc
,4naly;sis, ELB S' Lon,,marr- Loncion

I: I PIIAR\l-{CEt'l-l(' \1. ( lt[]ll-\l'R]


r C)rc.rni'.'--i:c;:tt'.:i. t

\
I i.lcori \
.l nours'v,eek

I ..\tonri c anJ lrre-.ir-culu struciu!-


\lolecular orbitaij. SP:-Spr. and SP hvbriciizeuoi:. Ionic bond. coralentbond. muJtiple bond,,'l
ptrlantr c,fl',ond. hrcjr.oqen L,ond
I

.\ lI.rnus. .\ll:.,-hcs a-rd .{.lkrnes


.!r \r)menclatuit
[r' Ccnei-a] rnethods ot'preDa-.arion and reaciiLrn-. r-riirli.anes. alkenes anci al$nes ( Emphasis on
mccha,nisnr )

c Frcc radical substiturion of alkane anci mecnarusn.i


l* - .l (':ritrc.niunr rons - lornrr:ion. stai:iiin lr.j .'iectr,.eliirc adrjiricrn nrechanisrn
c Irrouctivt' ettci and hrler coni:,rqaticr:
.-il icr clic conrrr(runcis
(icnc'ral nrethod-s ot DreDarariurn and react:r.:': Sl:l',.1:'. t'll rirs contpounCs Baever's strain
thc'r)n. stnrctuie u.icvclt-.herane. Bicvcli..r.r:r:.,-.irni. - \c-.rnenclature. Propenies and uses of
cvclopropane
..\rrrmatic I Ir drtrc:artr-lns
a Siruclurr. olBenzene inciudins KekuiC:;r-. L)',''.,.::- srrur'Iures - ^{romatic character, resonaflce
tirctrn'
b Electrophilic aronratic substitution Fn.-rj:'i C;rli': :lkriarion and ac1'lation. Activatine ard
dcactivating g:roups and orientation in nitrar:,-:n- hilc._r':nation and sulphonadon Effect of
orientation of substitution, steric effects
,,\lk_y'l halides and Anl halides.
Their -seneral methods of preparation and ie-.l.irulis
AJcohols and phenols.
Nomenclature - Genera.l merhods of preparatrt)n a-qC reactions of primarl'. secondary'and tertia-1'
alcohols. l\lechanism of esterffication, acidin'of alcohols and phenols. Effect of substitucnts on
acidiry oI phenols
Carbon',,! Compounds ( Aloel:r'des ald K<:lu.rtt-s ;

l
.-

\i; i :i;;1. :t:t.l ;., t,it:t_:fili,.l (.it.-:_,1 : ".i, .:


..
.: .rii reaction \ucieophiiic
.r l:i rl;,.;t i-':tlliri:. ,,r. ji.lit()n a|li :i,.iiiL. . ;i.:r. i. .:,.,: iondensation- Cannizaro and
ir,ri. lrttr)!l iutciir-)i)j IaSntiilcStrtjit ilitJ . : .. ;,)it ,t: .t;.t:hr cies and ketones
(-'3; i'i.l i..
iic acitis
irlono anri DrcarSl\\ lic acids \Lrrrr,irc,.:.-. : :: r;tt nr:t;tl,is of preparation and reactions
-.

.-\crdrrv and effect of substitution on ac;,.:.:.. ,.r,. .':sron io :crd


L
chjorides. anhydrides. amicjes
ard esters and rcactions of these
Nitrocompunds
General methods oIpreparation and re:cli ir_.
r\mines and Diazonium salts {
a
Structure and nomenclature bas.;cin,of r::tne . Ceneral meihods of prepararion
and reactions. B
)
Diazonium ctrJoride. s
Spectroscopic analvsis of organic compounds g
ri

fur elementalv study of L\/. IR and N-,\tR sDecrra and their aoplications +
in the studv of
structures of theabove mentioned ctass of compounds.

lctical $'ork i hoursi u'eek

I Idenrificarjon ot'simple orgaflic contDrru:) j] r :ti .'lsi l_< r ti sisrematic


qualitarive anall,sis
bascd on tests tor elements ald Functionat Jr,t.its sciubiiir''. nrelting
or boiling point and
preparation oI derir.atir.e
I Prepar{uon oIat ie3-sl l0 orc3rxc coni:'] j;lJs ci ihai-ir,'ac:urjca] importance inr.olr.ing
hvdrolvsis. oxjdation* reduct:,rn. lrailqenarion rutration, sulphonatiorL
i:.-..::":hL_eetc acetylatioq
eslenttcatlon
j Introducrion to th.e use srereomocjels
-of
i
rks Recomnrendeil -\
\.
I \fom-soii. T R. ind Bovd. R \ . ()rgantc r._-it,,mistn,.prenrice
Hall of India_ ht Ltd.
Neiv Dclhi
Irinar. I L . ()r;totrtc Chentisrn'. \;ol I & It. ELBS,/ LonlnrarL
London
-t P ..1 (iirittc to,\tecinrttsm irt orlatttc L:hemisrr-t'.il.rii;;;* Nerv Delhi
I
.s'kes.
-'\larrn-
F C - and Sauntjers. B.C . Practtc,-:; t)rlortrc Chemisrn..ELBS
. Lonqnan Group Ltd,

Vcrscl- -{ I . .i fetr book qf Pracrictrl ()),':.r,,,r,'t-itcmisrt EIJ}S i Lon_eman Group Ltd.


London

I : 3 PHI{R\I-{COG\OS}'- I,

nr
3 hours/ week

N{ethods of classification of plants.


Its structure and non-firing inclusicns. differenr n.pes of
I]1,::"'
.runcttons. plant tissues and their

i\forpholog,t'and histologl'of roots. stem_ hark *.ood. Ieaf,


flou,er, fuit and seed. Modification
of root and stem.
jr.Jirtritf.itr.;j.. i,r:.:..iia:. . i ..- --. , - ;t-J-. :'lagents. speciai siuniris iJallnlqlles ii:
..li :c,u: --'li .,,:...:;iJe:.:r.:1:l-,-lJ':il -i'.' " il:'3:ll:l agents. nlountanls
: D':ilniLon. Ittslot-.. scopa and ;': ' tlcl'l:t'.':; ':' ,):l:illlil.L)S'nos)
r, St-iurcss Lrl dntqs tlioio:r;ri. :t3i.:i. ;r'.-:r::: :'t.t tl a-ti tissue culrure as sources c-'idrugs
- Classifrcation oidrugs e_l alch:i:t:c:.. l:r,'::n,.':.'ricaj. Ia\onomical. chenucal and
pharmacolouical
Plant rarononrr. Stud! of t-he l,-,iloivrn_i railiijc's riirh soecial references to medicinally important
plants- Apocvnaceae, Solanace.re. Unrbell.:tra:. Leg.rminosae. Rubiaceae; and Labiatae
o Cultivation- Collectioq processins atd storaqt oicrude Crugs. Factors influencing cultivation of
nledicinal planrs Trpes of soils and tenilizers oicommon use, pest management and natural pest
conrrolagents-plant hormones and t-h:r ap,^ii::tir.rns- ooilploid)', mutation and h1'bridisation rrith
reference to medicinal planrs
l0 Qualir)'control of crude druas Adulteration of crude drugs and their detection by organoleptic,
mjcroscoplc, phvsical, chenue.l and broiot:icsl :nethods of ev'a-luation
ll An introduction to active consutuents cf drues Their isolatiorL classification and properties-
tl S gsl emati c P harmacognosi: c s iu i',' o I r h t t'-r I ! t:r rii i: !:

(at Carbo[,"cirares and cie:ired pr6Jucls {s3:. eller gum. acacia- Hone!', Isphagul4 pectin,
starcii sierculia anil trag:.-a:ltt
fbr Licids [Jcrs g1.- if,-sici cr:i .-3i1ir1 bl:itr':. c,....j lir,:r oii. ht'dnocarpus oil, lard. [nseed oil,
rrce bran oil- .shark livei cri a-nii ,,i ool ia:
I i \tudi' ci drurs ccniainrr, :i-)-nr fn.i risi:t J -r;:ltl:tJ:ion-. Colophonr'. Podophvllum. Ja-lap-
-t

t .-Li\:::i-r-s. C'apsi:.,:::t- \1'..:, \:a,1.'iii:-- L,.::s::: ';'I:,u. Baisam of Peru, BenzOin- Turmenc.
( r Itl-I.Jl
l.l Srud,,. r:l- f artriins and ra;pl:t cr-.lrtinins ir-;S-. i;.:
Gambier- Black catechu. gall and myrobalan
l) \-piairlt t.rl< .Generel rnerhco-< t-ric-.L.tarmric.,ci:iije oils from plants. studv of volati.le oils of
rircniha- cr.ria.irtier. cinnamon. c:ssia- lemon [,c'i:. oranqe peel, lemon grass, citronella, ca{away,
ciill- so-l-i?i:rint. clcrve. fennei. nurnrer:- eucaiil::s. chenop6dium, cardamorn valerian- musli
.\
nlinr rosa.\sualtirena. sand:i r" oci,:i
I r' ', l'iri tocirc-nrical screenins
r l r l)reparation of Extracis

rb) Scretnin_q of alkaloids. saconins- cai-o':n,--ritcies. buiadienolides, flav'anoids,


- lcri.'tt:r.1iht'rcraniCin--s. t:rnins and ot'li',:ire::,,is. a:lti,r3ouinones. cvanogenetic glycosides- amino
luci.:: in Dlunt cxiracrs
i- \iL:.:\ i,.t'ilnrc-s-uSei i;r P::-::-'i il.l.i lS ---'::' :.. ,:ii- ''ioci. nrlon- glaSs'rf'OO!- pOl"'ster &
t1-.t'a-(i i\ i
ls Srucjv oi-nharniecr-uticai e:s iiie:llc- j;::: '::t:i:. s.:':tiin- bentonite, eelatin and natural colours'

Pmcticltls 3 hours/ week.


\/
I \toqcholorrr oiplant pans inciicated in ihetrn
l \llrrpholouical characterisijcs of plalt t-ami;ie 'n::iiioned in theory'. ( at leaS 5)
.) .\ficroscopic studies. Prepagtion of sectic-rns- .' arious staining techrriques to study the cell
constiruc'nts includine chromoson'tes, nre;rsurenlenls of cells and cell contents: Starch -erdins,
calcium oralate cn'stals and phloem fibres
-l - Det6rmination of Ieaf constanrs -ruch a-s stonjt:j i:.Jex. stomatal number. Vein-islet number,
vein-terminatio:r number and palisade ratlo
5 Identification of crude druss belong:ng to ca-r-'ochrdrates and lipids
6. Preparation of herbarium sheets.
't. Identification of crude drues mentioned in tneon
lt
l,
:l:': -'' :'iir-ritaceut:.::l ad:
i:r -i
-
r': . iiLirit'r . ,)l- seieciei cnjde .::-;. :J !r,-i'.,.i1:1:i ;lleniioned uncier the cateeory of
roiriilc oti. ln trcon and their chenlcal ::.1,
Cr.ncral ch:nrcel tcsts [or a]kaloids- gl"'ci-'s;'lt's SiilrrltlS

roks Recommended

I Wallis T E Book of Phumaco{ttu\'.r J .tk Churcrll Lrmited Lindon


.'[ert
2 \\'alliis TE..lnalyucal ,\{icoscopr,.J & k Churchrll t inrirec London
3 Tease G. E and Evans \\'C , Plrurmocosnost' Bailliere Tndail, Easbourne. LrK

I KokatteCK, purotut {P.and GoLir:.ie S B, Plnrmacogrosl'(Degree), !r-u-ali Prakashan


Pune

3C)n
I Houri Week

Sconc ,,1'\\,,u,on," :n,C basic tern'iincloc' usjJ Llt lil'" su'ciect


Structure ol-sell. ils eontoonents and Ih3:i i::il'itt-::-'
L:lcnrentan rissues oi'l{uman brrcjr Epitheii:l- Ctrn:recti\e. \luscular and Nen'ous tissues. their
sub-qpes and charaeten sties
Osseous Srsqr4 Srructure. comnosition ani hrnctions oiskei:ron Classification ofioints.
-[r'pes
oImovenlents at joiats. Disorders of ioints
Skeletal \ Iuscles' rTheir gross arlalom\'
Caruiior ascuiai' s.''stem: Basic allaiomv of ilerrt
[)tuestivc s\$em Gross analoml' of the Ga-<ii'''tntestma'i trac:
Respiraton- svstem. ,Anatomv of the Resptraton organs'
Testes
-{:ndocnne svsrem Basic anaioml'of Pituiran'. Thrroid. Parathltoid, Adrenals, Pancreas,
and Ovan'
Scnse orq3ns Basic anarontv of-the e\'3.,,i3i-. t:ste bucis. nose-and skin'

ctic.al 2 Hours/ Week

Studv of difl'erent s\'sIems gith the help tric:lf,ris ard niodels


irlicroscopic srudv of different tissues

I : a (B) Htrll-{\ PHYSIOLOGY

2 Hours/ Week

Scope of Physiology and basic terminoloqv used in the subject.


Skeletal rruscles. physiolog:,,of muscle conrracriorL Phy'siologjcal properties o[ skeletal muscles
and tlreir riisorders
. i i ,-r;,,r.,, l!.:.. ... -,:-'r. ::it . ,t' -
1,-.;;1p,1 . -. ::: ::S ^,'i':titenis. 'L,teii diSOfder--q. I:i'' ,-
,,ir,r.ji...1l.j tjr.Jlr'-.i,,;.lrilcrnce ntu:r.::ri: :. :l ,':. -li5i-Idc'IS oiplateiers ald coagulatrr-ril
, [-],ntph arrtj l-.. ntr:-.:,.atic s\ siem (, .':t"-- :-: :
' l,l{--,il :,;l j aiiculation of lr nrph. di-sorders c','
and lr mtlhattc s\ siem Basic pllv sr ' , g : -l '' Irt '-'i s:ieen
: Cardiova-scular s,.slent Phrsrolcr. ,li h:-::i ii .. : .-.-ssels a,nd circuiation Basic understaxdrns
of c:ydiac cycle- heart sounds antj :l:---iri,..l lr \!;-ilrl Blood pressure and its regulation Brief
outline oIcardiorascular disorders ijke h,. i)e i-J:rsi,)ir- n\potensiorL arteriosclerosis, angina-
nrroca-rdial infarction- conqesiive ii*r-. ia,:. r' ::li J3rdi3. arr,lhnJas
6 Digesti\.e svstem Functions of di{ierent ii:rs r-ri'qastrointestina-l tract including Liver, p;Lncreas
and gall bladder, r.arious qasiro intestinal seri3uons a:rri thek role in the absorption and digestion
of food. Disorders of diqestii'e svslem
7 Respiratory system. Functions o[resoiratioi.. n:echarusnl and resu.lation of respiratioq
respiratory rolumes and rital capacln
8 Centraj Nenous Svstem Functicns oidlf::e:.:i Dans ci'orarn and spinal cord, neurohumoral
transmission in the centra.l nenous s,si.n- r-irla\ a.iiLrl- e)ecii-oencephalograrq specialised
lunctions of i-",rarn Cranial nan'es :;-:: iil:li i:--il:lii-'ns
; ..\ttlt-lnOntiC \t: ..,Ui S',Sl:f: Ph"Sl -r--' :-: - -'.-:,':l 'i'-: r--il :i:: aiiit'llOnliC nen'OUS SVStem
\lccheni-snl ol'llcu:-ohumora-l IraJl-inl!il'.rr: ::. :i '-'
' '' \
ll l-'rinar,'SrSiCt:t \':-nOUS !3;:S. Sl:-J:.-;. -:-,-. :-.:l-i)'-':l-' 'ri 'ilt f tjne" and Unnalv-. traCt
[rltr.sirllogr.t iunne;brmaiicn :ld e::i ]:-.i -.,ial:ct Dtst:s:s oithe urinarv svstem,
I i ti.nr,.,\,r.l,rc Srst.:nr \f:ie anu l-.ir,:. r.:: ':1..1 . ::', J s'.\:3ill ard horntones. PhYsiology of
illcnslruBitLlr.1. ct-iirus anJ icniitz:iro: Se.: Ji,.::::.::;-,t:i,t:- Sla;atato:lenesis and OOgeneSiS
l)rcgnanci . irs ntaintenarce a-nd parruntion
I I End.cnnc Sr sreitr Plri,sioio_rr of Piluiran . Th'.:'-'ii- P:r:tilvroid. .A,drenal. Parcreas, Testes
and Oi'ar\thelr hormones ard funclions
I

i :
I i Sr-rSr'Or-'rnF Ph'siologi'oiihe e"'e (\-is:.':rl E.lj tlleannq)- Taste bucs' \ose (Smell) and
,Si.ir: t.SuDcrtlc+al receplors )

l'l:rr:tic:tl 2 HourV Week

I:sri*ari.n ot'l{cnr.uiob,in ir: biood Dete':-::-irir::i.-rn oIBlr':.:in-q tinte. Clotting tinte, R-B C. count
-'l-trtal
leucoc',1e count- D I- C a:lci Er,.-s R
li.r'corriirrg ot'the bod\.temDr-rature. Pulse rar:.'rJ blt--,oi i-lressure Basic understanding
of
[:lectroCardioGram. PQRST u'ave and rtiei' signiiicance
PhvsioIoeical r'xperirnents on \en-e.-musci: I-i3i:iliir-rn
Drlcrmination of Vital caoacitv and e\Denrn'rl5 1'r1 !gircmetn'

IJrr t r !^: s I{c'ctlnl mettded

Chauraia, l) D Htrmtttt.lpotom.r' , F.egtorttti ::t .1 ' '!i7,1 Port.l,ll & 1/ CBS


Publication and
I
Distributors. \e'.r' Delhi
l . Guy1o! A.C. HaIl IE Text Book o-f .\{edicai Pfusioiogv-, \\ts Saunders Company'
-'l
y.hnder A.J Sherman IH and Lucian oDS fluma: Pln'siologr Tata N'lcgrarv lfill Publishing Co
New Delhi
Ranada VG Ierr Book of Practical Ph;'siologt' Pune, \idi'arthi Griha
Prakashan Pune'
4
5 Chatterjee C.C., Humai Ptrysiotop'. lv{edical & Allied Agency., Calcutta-

'L
\
I : -i \t.tlHIr111y.,S \\t)
UIr)_\t \ ft.\IIC.s
I i:i r ,:',

-l ilours,\\-eek

{. }lathernarics:

t .\lqebra. F4uatrons reducible


to quaoi_alcs.
Determtnants, properues of so/uuon
oisLmull 11-inear & Quadraric).
;':,:i::"t::j:?:,rjflrgxuiilT:*j ,H:.#1,,""** ""
derermrnanrs and
appricarrons
marnces. _Er;*;";"ifri
_4,rvi, ui i_r 1.
,
al application;;i_ ",.
ron ard it, pi"#*eutical

2 rleasures of Ceutrar
objecri'es
vvrewl,y.) d_uu
and pre-reqursires
and medjan 'arue: pre-reqursites of
ar
an idea.l
idea.r measure,
n rnean, mode

J Trigonouretn,
r of anere, T_rarics.
rar_ri.."i-.;, submuitjoie'a]ijec
addition. subrracrron
and traasformation
Pharmaceurical .r,d ...t .,-. a,rs,es Appu;;;of Jogarithms ia

5 Calculus:
I

I] io.sta ( istics:

and rounding oInumbers.


da
ple size, data or_ganirrrio.,_
A

u ares, statistic€J
I inference,
. plications of stitisti"ut .nrc.prs
t *
t_'
Books Recommended

I A Text book of N{arhematics for Xl-XIl Students. NCERT Publicatiors, Vol. I-fV.
2 Sundra Roa, P.S.S and fuchard,.J., lnrrductton to Bio statistics : A Manualfor Studenls rrt
Health Sciences. Prentice HaII of India Prr Ltd New Delhi.
3 Daniel W.W Bio saristics. Afundatton for Anolysrs in Health Sciences. John Wiley NY.
4. Bolton Sanford, Phomaceutical Snnsrrcs \{arcel Dekker lnc. NY.

I :6 BASIC ELECTRO.\ICS .r..\D COIIPUTER APPLICATION

Theory: 2 Hours/ Week

A. Basic Etectronics:
Senr conducrors. p-n lunclirrns. diooes. LED. Photodiodes and its uses,
Rectifiers (ha-lf wave. filU rvave. nith filters) Transistors, biasing, trarsistor amplifiers, flip-flops,
Logic gares- Boolean aieeb:-a
\
B. \ Comouters:

Histor,r-, of Compurer development and respective-generation, Computer classification:


., N{aia-frame. i\fini and micro computers, fundamental of computer architecture.
a
-\,".1 Operating w$ems: Introduction to t]?es of operating systerns. Over vie( of MS- DOS,
!
I \\'inriou's, Unir and Linux
I '._. Languages and packages: Conventional lanzuages, their advantages,'limitations.
C and \,rsual Basic. Input/ Out put, Operators, Loops, decisions, functions, array and
s,lrings, pointers, files. Forms and \Ienu in !-rsual Basic.
\\'ord processing spread sheet, presentation and tables: Demonstration b.v MS- OFFICE
4 Principles of Database Svstems. Overview of Database systern, the hierarchial model,
Relational model Relational Query language, design theory and normali,ation. ./
5 - Computer Appiicalions in Pharmaceutical and Clinical studies.

Practical. 3 HourJ Week.

Small prosrarnmes to demonstrate Input / Outpul Operators- Loops, decisions, functions, array
and strinss, pointers, fi,les in C. Forms and,menu in !'isual Basics.

Books Recommended:
- l. Bhargava, N-N.,Kulshreshitha-D.C. and Gupt4 5.C., Basic Electronic and Lineb Circtit. Tata
-

McGraw tfll. Publishing Co.Tld, NewDelhi


2. Hunt,' N. andiShelley , !., Computers od Commonsense., Prentice- Hall of Indi4 New Delhi.
.3, Wirth N. Systematic Progromming ot Intoduction, Prentice HaII England Ctifs New Jersey.
';4r,', Tarcali, RK., PC Software Made Simple, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
5. I Bdaguruswamy, E., Pro-eramming in Basic. Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

LV
'+
S ECO.\' D TE.4R B. PHARIT

I:I PHAR\L{CEL TIC.{L CHE}IISTR\'- UI


( Oreaflc Chemisu_v* )

.Iheory
i hours/ week

Note.The subject is to be treated in the light of modern perspective


-sving stress where ever possible on
the foUowing aspects: strusture, nomenclature, preparatioq properties, energy of activatioq tiansition
state, resonance, stereochemistry, optical and geometrjc isomerism etc.

I Stereo isomerism and Tetrahedral carborL optical activity, chiralitl,, chiral cerures, racemic
modifications aad resolution of racemic mir,lures, confguration specification of R & S
configriratiorL enantiomerisrq enantiomers, diastereo isomerism, meso structure, conformational
isomeri, reactions of chiral molecules, elements of symmetry, asynmetric synthesis ,E & Z forms
) Stereo selective and stereospecifc reactions. stereochemistry of addition of halogens to alkenes,
mechanism of stereocbemistry ofEI and E2 reactions, Syn and Anti elimination. SNI and SN2
reaaicins.
, Geometric isomerisnt.its nature and formation. rotation abor.rt bond, nomenclature of isomers,
determination of confi-euratioq stereochemistry of cvclic compounds including biphenyl and
st ereochemistr,v of niuogen compounds.

S t ereochemi strv of bi omolecules of pharmaceuti ca.l importance

Carbohydrates - Introduction, de6nitioq classi6catiorq nomenclature, structure determination of


8:lucose, fructose, stereo isomers of monosaccharides, reactions, conversiorq confguration of
g]ucosel,cvc[c strucn]re of deterrriration of ring size, conformation, Fischerprojection .
-eJucose,
lormula \nd conformation, Disaccharides and polv saccharides, chemical nature of maltose,
lactose, siti-ose, starclq cellulosei cellulose derivatives used in pharmacy.
Fats and Oils. lntroduction to chemistry of fats, oils, wa:<es, Occurrence and compositio4
hydrolysis of fats, esieriE-cation. Fats as sourie for pure acids and alcohols, Analytical constaqts
of fats and d'ilsi methods for their determination and significances, unsaturated fats, hardening of
oils, hydrogendtion of oils, drying, semi-drying and non-drying oils.
Hererocvclic corhpounds.
Clissification of heterocyclic compounds. narure and nomenclarure. heterocyclic analogues of
ryclopentadiene with one hetero alom.
Fused ring systems involving pyrrole, furaq thiophen, indole and
- Heterocycl.ic analogues of benzene with onq hetero atom. pyridine.benzofuran.
Heterocyclic analogues of naphthalene *ith one hetero atom Quinoline, iso-quinoline, acridine.
Compounds with two hetero atorns in five membered ring Pyrazole, Imidazole, Isoxazole and
Oxazole.
Compounds with two or more hetero atorrs, Srimidine, plrazine, pyidazine, purines,
Azepines, Oxepines and dtbenzazepines..
Tricyclic: Phenothiazines, Phenoxazines, benzodiazepines, basic stnicfures of compounds used in

Preparatiorq qrrthesis and reagtions of diphenvl-methane, diphenyl-ethane, triphenyl-methane,


naphthalene, phenanthrene and anttrracene.
Amino acids.
,ilo$oductioq definition, classificatiorL structure of amino acids, essential amino acids their
, propgrties, reactions
arid selected qynthesis of amino acids.

t9

l<
il rE
g
<<!a

peprroc Iinraee.
treor,,err\ cil-lreoirds irnrac:s- iormation.
and -s'nthesis' formarorr determinarion of
of-protern, of neprride:
'enera.L rnrrociuction ro protein *.,,t
.*jlil;:ttt
Ptrq!'cals
3 hoursr rveek
I Quantitatii'e determrnation of orgaruc
comoounds ria frrnctional
aad phenolrt' t-uo'1't.,c groups such as
acid.
ff:l*
.
alciehvde, rJ,o.a^in.s and amine Hcr, carbohvcirare

. secondan and teruarlv


structure of proteins,
re of nucleic acid showing
hydrogen bonding
Books Recommended

cltott to the Ch.*srry oiHeteroq,cttc


I flffi,Ll^I;#JIX-"
t*
Compound5,rnrer science

' stereochem'r,' o/ Carbon Compourtds..


f::l rvlcGraw Hiil Book company
):
Inc, New
... EI.BS /
4 Lon_ernan . London
practicar prnrmaceuricar
chemisnT r.b I & Ir. TheAthrons
: Morrison ,.^ ric chemisrry: prentice
' *i;iii:t'."rr*
'*advanced org-i. cr,.,t1r^', ,...,ioo-rrechanism Harr of rndia pw. Ltd., New der{ri. :

l.-'ffiH, and strucrur., JoIn wirey


& sons,

2 :2 PE4.R\L{CEUTICS _ I
(p h_r. s i c a j p harrn ac__r.)
Theon'
3 hourV week
I \laner
Propenies of maneq
state o

midity,

sorute - Interactions - Sorubirity


ofgases, Iiquids and non-ionic
of soiutes benveen lrrrr;dbh solvents.
\i
iples in biologic s),stems_
dissolutions _ Drug release.
rnena:

urement of surface
surface active
solid inrerfaces, sol.id gas and
e, Classification oi
flocculating agents,
'rii.'r'j:irltroductlon'detlrution't'.'::,o"o'l'-riil't-ir-i:l1s''-rDilCSifro0ertles'hneticand
of t"ilbllTl'^?^
cotloids- senting in suspenstons,
-r..r...rcrt propenres intertacta
( oil.r:_ie dispersrons Suspensions- gocculated particles-

ineor] oi'seriLrnenf cculation in strucrured


seciimentatton Par rabilitY*
of
r.ehicles, rheologic ological properties
and
Emulsion- theory ),stems- semisolid
emulsions- Phase
qels wol flow, rypes of flow. Kurematic
viscoslty-
7 \'iscosiry and Rheologv
effect orternperarure,N l;:.,*rr'Jffi:xl1:,'H:i:::o,"'...
thlrotroPY h formulatio
Viscometers ^ ! on- faOors influencing
reactlons-
cs o r so r d s'late Gne'ar
' fli*** :x I"o'lilo,*?li't1
concept orr,urr-urt
a'TT ]"i{,I-'*ti of temperarure' lieht'solvent' ot
ietenrunatior' rilluence dating- kinetics
considerarion and srau,,i,r.1-ruJ.s- .*piration
carar,ric species and other
ru.ro.rrlJ"ri.r.,.:
onauon distribution' average particle
size"number

' 'o:f.m:;#'.',:"il':1j:i:,,ii';;;;= panicre


'or"' opdcal
r mrcroscop-v, sievin-e'
sedimentano[ ",*"'n'"1 ":'t*;*ktlXt"?"'-T;;ff:Th:t
perrDeabiliq'. ac sor.,utrn-
(

! dererrnining of surfice are.a:


densities'tulhness and t averages- molecular
Pgglong ^-;;;;t"r' Science.' lformatron,
10. tntrodrctroriolpot,rrn"t ,:9::|-t
solution'vrscosttl-
*eight de-termrnation from trends in pharmaceutica'l
pharmaceu
coaceryatio'\ lu6"'otn*psulation-
applicatidns'
an-d Biomedical uses' p"p.aro1on ana 1l1sis'
of complexes, merhodl ?f
Il. co*bl"*"tiol-drurr,s"",ion uiIe.i" pharmaceutical systems'
12. Bufferssuffer equations, b,{"r;e'..rr},*'g.r"r+ tonicity' calculations and
isotonic soiutions' "^;;;iof
preparation, stabiliry, butreled
, methods oiadjusting toruclrY"'
i hours/ week
Prar-icals:
ical Pomt
1 Determination of "/

: Studies on polym ::,"#iff, r,hlue an determination of Critical


j Determination of
miceUar concentraion of surfactams on sedimentation rate
1- E*ptt'^"nt' oi-'"o'ity- f'f""t oi'iscosiry
5 Determination of rates of reacuon' size distributiorL zurface area usmg !'arious methods of
6. Determination of particle size, rJii.t"
particle size an parameters -
; and determination of their sedimentation
7 Freparation of r
angle of repose
l'illr'o, porosity, comnrllib{tv'
8 mfm..::
g.srudyofcolloiilirysrudyrritbadditionofelectrolytes.
uute.lalvs-11-
ro. study of emuls
11'studiesondifferenttypesofcomplexes-jd:,"Tyationoftheirstabilityconstants.
and order of reactton
ll- Determination of hlf-life' rate constart on the rate of reacton'
ll - To ,*aV O" inflence of various fadors
I-1 Acceieratcci stabilrtv tes:r:rS. shelt-life cielerrunatron and expiratrcn datine of pharo-raceu ticals

I5 E.rpenmcnls tnvoluns toruciir adjustments


l6 Prepararion of Pharmace-fiica] bufi-ers and oetermination of buffer capacirl'
Books Recommeded

l. Martin A.r\ Arthur Cammarat4 James Su'arbrick. , Ptrysical Phomacy., K.M-, Varghese & Co'
lvlumbai.
'Z. ManfuL E.W. Dispensing of lvledicatior Mack Publishing Co. Eastern PA
,i3. Rawlins E.L Beittel.'s lext Book of Pharmaceutics. ELBS lLongman [,ondon
' .1, cartgr, S.l copper-otd Gum's Tutorial Phomacy, cBS PublicatiorL New Delhi'

2:3 PE{R\IACEUTIC-{I ANALYSIS- I

3 hours / week
Theon'

I control Different techniques of analysis,


Si_eruficance of quantirarive anah'sis in qualitv
., prlfi*rn-es and de6niucns. Significant fiqures. rules for retaining significant digits, Types of
\ errors. \lean deriarion- Srandard deviation- Sratistical treatment of small data sets, selection of
.grnple. precision and accuracv, Fundamentals of volumetric analysis. Methods of expressing
concentration- Priman' and secondan' standarcis
Acid- Base,titrarions. Acid- Base concepts. Role of solvent, Relative strenglhs of
acid and
2
bases. Ionisation. I-:u'of i\{asi action- Commo ct ofwateri-PE
I lidjrolvsis o[ salts. Henderson - Hasselbach eq
Neutralisation curves,
xed indicators' Poly
,;iJl'[;;.; inal.",orr. Theory of lndicators' in assay of
proric srsrem- pol;- anune and amino acid svstern- ,tmino acid titration, Applications
H3PO$ NaOFL CaCO:- erc.
j Oxidation Reduction Titradons: Concepts of oxidation and reduction reactions,
redox reactions,
strengths and equiva.lent rveights of oxidising
redox indicators- cell represeutations- measure
curv'es- Iodimetrv and Iodometrl'. Titrations inr
bromale, Pot permanganale, Titanous chloride
{ precipitation titratioruI Precipitation reactions- Solubiliry* products, effect of acids, temPerature
and titrations involt'ing
and solvenrs upon the solub'rliry- of a precipitate. Areentometric titrations
indicators, Gay-
ammonium or'potassiu. thiocvanate. meicu.ic nitrate and Barium zulphate
Lussac method: lUohr's methO{. Volhard's Pethod an-d Fajan's method'
5. iliry Products; The
stional washing of orl'
ric cun'es, sPecific
m as calcium oxalate and magnesium as
magDesium pyrophosphat e, organic precl p ltant s'

and quality control of the following


Theoretical considerations. and applications in drug analysis
analytical techniquqs will be discussed'

7. Non-aqueous titratiors
8. Complexometric titrations
TLC, Paper chromatography and
9. Chromatographic trcluriques with relevant examples using
-{/
Colunin ci:iirrl.r t,.lqraphr' I
l0 \[iscell.rneous methocis of ana]r'sis su.'h as Dra.u.tisation Tii;-etron. Kreldahl's method of
Ntroe,en esrimaiion. Karl-Fischei ltrrauo:: o\\'Sten fl ask comoustion- sasometr),

)racticals 6 hours/ week

The students should be introduced to the marn analtticaj tools through demonstrarions They
Jrould have a clear understanding of a tlpical anah.tical baiance, the requLrement of agood baJance,
veights, care and use of balance, nrethods of weiehine and errors in weighing. The students should also
>e acquainted with the genera.l apparatus requueci in various anallticai procedures

. Standardisation of analytical rveiqhts and calibration of volumetric appararus


: Acid-base titrations. Preparation and standardisation of acids and bases; Some exercises related with
determination of acidS and bases separately or in mr-rtr-rre fornt some ofEcial assay procedures eq:
Boric acid, Sodium bicarbonate, Ammonium Chloride, Lactic acid etc
Oxidarion- reduction trtrations. Preparation ard standardrsadon oIsome redox titrants eg. Potassium
perrnanganate. Pot dichromate. Iodrne. Sodium thiosulphate etc Some exercises relate to
determinatic",n oIoriclisrng and reducuiq a_eeDts in the sanrD]es shaU be covered tlxercises involrrng
Pot iodate. I)r;t brornate, Iodine solu'.ron- titanous chlonde. soiiiunr l.o- ciicilorphenol indophenoi
and cenc amnroniunr sulphate
Precipiution\Titrauons Preparation a,rd stanca;disation of titrants Ike silver nitrate and ammonium
thiocvanate. Titratjons accordinq to -\Iohr's, \ olhard's and Faian's method
Gralimetric r\h:Jy,sis Preparation of Gooch crucible lor fitration and use of sintered glass crucible,
determination o[\\'arer ofh-v-dratiorL some exercises related to grarimetric analysis should be
covered ( at least t*'o)
Non-aqueous Thnitions: Preparation and standardization of perchionL acid ard sodium/potassium
ntethoxjde solutions. Estimation of some pharmacopoeial products ( at least two)
Clonrplexometric Tirrlrions. Preparation ard sra-odardization of EDTA solutiot some exercises
relatcd to pharnracopoeial assavs bv complexometric titrations ( at Ieast three)
Chromatoeraptuc anaiysis of some pharmaceutical products usinq column chromatography, thin layer
chromatoqraphv and paper chromatosaph)-
Ifiscellaneous Determinations . Excersices invofring diazotisation- Kjeldahl Karl-Fischer, Oxygen
tlask combustion and easometrv' methods

roks Recommended

I
Bassett, J., Denny. RC., Jeffery, G.H.. Mendham- J L'ogel's Text Book of Ouandative Inorganic
Analy'sis- ELBS i Lon_ernan, London.
?. Beckett, AH. and Stenlake, J.B. Pracncol Pho-oceurical Chemistry t'ol. I & II,The Athlone
Press of the University of London
3. Conners. K.A-, Text Book of Phomaceuical outl-y'is. Wiley' lntersciences New York.
4 K-nevet Al\{ , and Digangi, F.E., Jenkin's quofiraive Pharmaceutical Chemistry, McGi-arv hill
Book Co New York
5. Chatteq I.G., A Text o/ Pharmaceurical Chemisrry l'ol. I & II Marcel Dekker New York.
F.E*
r'1

1. {
PTIAR\L{CEUTICAL CHEJ\I]STR}' f!,
( Brocherrustry')

Theon 3 hours/ week

I Biochemical organisarion of the cell and rranspon processes across celt membrane.
2 The concept of &ee energy, determination of change in free energy from equilibrium consrant
and reduction potendal, bioenergetics, produaion of ATP and its biological significance.
) Enzymes: Nomenclarures, enzvme kinetics and its mechanism of aaion. Mechanism of actiorq
mechanism ofinhibrnorL enrymes and isoenzymes in clinical diagnosis
4 Co- enzymes: Vitamins as cGellzrmes and their signifcance, metals as co- enzlnries and their
significance
5 Carbohydrate metabolsm, Conversion of polysaccharidesto Glucose-l-Phosphate, Glycolysis
and fermentation and their rezulation, g:luconeogenesis and gtycogenolysis. Metabolism of
ealactose and ga.lactosamine- role of suqar nucleotiries in biosynthesis and pentose phosphate
pathu'dr'
6 The Citnc acid cvcle Sienificance ard reactions and enerqetics o[the cvcle Amphibolic roles o
-the cvcle and glvoxa-Lc acid cvcle
Lieids nretabolism. Gxidation of fatt. acids- p-oidation and energeti cs, o-oxidation,
o<rxidation. biosvnrhesis of kerone bodies and their utiiisatiot control of lipid metabolisnq
esslntiaj fatn'acids & Eicosanoids (Pr-ostaqlandins, thrombaxanes), Phospholides and
spiiingolipids
Bioio-(ical ox.idation-reduction Redox-potential enzl,rnes and co-etuymes involved in oxidarion
reciuction & its co-Urol The respiratoryl chain its role in energy capture and its control, energaic
of o.ti_da_tive phosphorl'latioq inhibitors of respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylatiSrt
mechail itp of oxid.ative phosphorylation.
9 Nit'ogen 4 Sulphur ct'cle. Niuogen fixarion- ammonia assimilatioq nitrification and nitrate
I
assimilatiort- sulfate reduction- incorporation of sulfur in organic compounds. Release of zulfur
from organic compounds.
IO \{etabolisnr of Ammonia ard nitrogen monomers.N'rtrogen balance, Bioslnthesis of amino acids,
catabolism of amino acids- conversion of amino acids to specialised products, assimilation of
ammonia, urea cvcle, metabo[c disorders of urea cvcle. tv{etabolisnr, biosynthesis, formation of7'
bile pigments- hyper bilirubinemi4,purine biosynthesis- purine nucleotide intercnnversio'r1
p-tnmici i ne b i osrnt hesis an d formatio n o f deor-wibonu cleotides.
ll Biosrnthesis of nucleic acids: Brief introductioq of genetic organisation ofnammalian genome,
alteration and rearrangements of genetic marerial. Biorynthesis ofDNA and its replicatiorg
mutatiorL physical and chemical mutagenesis. carcinoeenesis, DNA repair mechanisrrg
bioslnthesis of fu\iA.
l2 Resulation of qene expression

Practicals. 3 hourV week

I - Preparation of standard buffers (Citrate- Phosphate and Carbonate) and measurement of pH.
2 Titration curve for amino acids
3 Separation of amino acids by two dimensional paper chromatography and gel electrophoresis.
4 The separation ollipids by TLC.
5 Separation of serum proteins by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate.
.Ly
-"
\'

Quantttatir r..csirfi)irirr)n ,)i aiilnar i,ciLj )


Quantttatrr 3 csir;11ii r{ rir r}l proieins
'[he
identi6L:atron oi-('- tentunal an^uno acics of a pIoIc-rn
The detenruatron of giucose by means oithe enz\rne g:lucose oxidase
The isolation & assav of glycogen trom ihe liver and skeletal muscle of rats
Enzymatic hvdroly'sis of g:lycoeen by alpha and beta amylase
The isolation and determhation of fu\A and DN-\
Effea of temperature on the activiw of a.lpha- amr lase
Estimation of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, and BRli in the serum.

,oks Recommended.

l. Mttssay, R.Ii Grdnner, D.l(, Mayos, P.A, and Rodwell, V.W., Haryers'Biochemtstry,
HaIl lntersciences. lnc
-Pgentrce
2. Iayaramaq I.l,aboraton']v{arruol in Biochemisrry', Wiler,,Eastern Limited, New Delhi.
3. Harrow, 8., and ivfazur, A , Text Book oi BiochentisrrT,. \\aB Saunders Co. Philadeipiua.

I :5 PtrAP.\IACEL TIC,\L ENGII\-EIRfIYG

?!_ry
\ 3 hourV week
\
Fluid mechaiiics: Fluid statics- mano melers. Fluid dvnamics- Types of flow, Reynold's
number, Viscosity, concgp!of boundar-v Iaver- basic eqHations of fluid flow, va.lves, flow meters
Nlaterials handlng Liquid handLing- Different rypes of pumps, reciprocating, rotary,
..n,.irrr-nl -?-'diiphrrigm pumps, Gas handling- varior:s 6pes of fanr, blo*.rr'-'J"-Jrpr.rrorrl
Solid handling-Stgrage bins, hoppers and conveyers. \

Hed,t transfer. Sou-ices and usei of heat in Pharmacy. Conduction- Fourier's law of heat
conduction through variable area like pipes, spheres etc
Convection- Natura.l and forced convection. Flow of heat through liquids and equation for rate
gtheat transfer, concept otindividual filrn co-efficient, overall heat transfer coefficienJ, Iog mean
temperature difference
Radiation: Kirchoffs law, Stefan Boltzrnan larv. Black bodl'- Gray body, Na heat transfer
berweert rrvo no- black bodies by radiatioh.
N{echanical s€paration: (a) Filtration and centrifusation- theory of filtration, filter medi4 filter
aids, industrial filters including fi.lter press- fiher leaf. rotarv' fi.lter, edee fi.lter etc.
Prirrciples of centrifugation: Industrial centrifugal filters and centrifugal sedimenters.
(b) Size reduAion and size separation: Definition objectives of size reductiog factors atrecting
size reductioq laws governing enersy and pou'er requteinents of a mill, types of mills including
ball mi[ hammer mill, fluid energy mills etc.
Evaporation- Factors affecting evaporation- Tlpes of evaporators- short tube, forced circulation
and film evaporators. Single effbct and multiple eff'ect evaporators.
Distillation. Raoult's law, Volatiliry, simple, steam and flash distillation. Principles of
rectifeation, Mc.Cabe Thiele metlrod for calculation of number of theoraical plates, azeotropic
and extractive distillation.
Drying:Moisu:re content and mechanism of drying rate of drying and time of drying.
.Classification and types of dryers tray, vacuunL tunnel, rotary, fluidizert bed, spray and drum
dryers. Principles of frxz*drying.
25

H
- ll:;1,'., :;,ll?,li iiii*I:';:'i:;:l'Hi:il1
or.^,r,ri*,i*. n"ttu";;';;;;rsm
cn'stal srowth'
and
*'alker' \'acuulrL circulating
of
masna
:'#X:X'
stud'v

,r CD,sr"ii,r"r,on e.,n.,pt.,
!anous r-rpes 'l?,:;i:ilil;:*'l
of cn,stallisers,,*til'[i;tti
Ctk,5,.."i
l"j,-t-otn'on
and rts'::tJlTliquids
t'-.n-stutt
and cnstal cr-r staizer and
-:-
resistant' properties
r0 n,i*,*
'**sr*z*;ffiil i';'Jlol?;;" *ith
"orrosrorL stainless steel &
ret:i.^,;'.,".i"""i,
glass
rr. Nraterial
"'.:i::::;:;Jr;."nstruttion '.,titt' specra
"ftrenceto:iect life and dust
apptica""";;;;.-rnui".iut, ",""""'l'ttn rtttt'u-cal'
"JJAchemical'
safew #il;;;'
12 tndustnal;;;and Accident records
etc' flow' level and
hazards' J:;;;""*'ut' )ssure'
to
il;; cont,or wst:[t*:r:l:il:il::'J;H.",'.'j:{lp;"oduction
i3 Automaric
,i.i, measureme"--- *-'ructuring (cAM)
o[."fi;t:;lta
vacuum -i ",o-ents
,4Um:;;;'::'::I."J'1T:I:';;;;;';;"'"rchemrca]reac'lions
i hoursi week
Plqqticals

r
2
De""*::li::
]l--ii
Qetemunatrolt Y'.
:i;ffix:$'i1:T,;; il,iJ#[:ffi:]:]:^'::il:
i.-, ,rrr,rft' co-ef,icients
i'.*xffi:o';*'
r dr"rerrr,ination ollveral]111-t srearn and azeorropic distiJJa content
q srrlpie-
Exp-..,.*, based on of dnrng' free moisture co ;;;; equiiibrium molsture

5 Dett,,'"ti;; "i"tt
6 analvsis of-pow'ders
Screen
liquids .. ['-""- number and
nf Reword's
of
; Sedirnentation in a,i theLr pressure' determinatron
-r-arrri. I

fluids
E N{e"rUr.tir'.1,'"iiilrt "flosses
calculatlon of lrictional using different
q e.''aporatron. oe
of ,^.ermination of mltng efficiency
De..'..I,..I""^oiI.u.. -soiid mirrn3'
'10. u^ot"rnJttt to i"'ltttte solid
eo€rSY and power
npes of mixers '-^inleq oi size reduc
-:..o
.llExpenmenrstoillJstrateprirrciplesoisizereduction.lau,sgovernrnS
reductton
r" it'i"ment of size

Books Recommended

Kogakusha Ltd'
l\laCabe.\\,L:and^Snrrttr.JCLinllol,c,attot,oJChemicalEtt$tteerillgN,lcGraw}Iill
International Book
Co. London ineerirtg Handbook
McGrarv
parn.'ffi: / Loneman London
3 "li_c*,i"i ?y ;:::';ii,:;:;;:;;;r.1'rr-ss
pni^;i''cii 'blicati6rL New Delhi
I Rawlins- E A Bentlev's' '
+ carter. I t . copper and;i,7,,,i:;;,ii,'''
& ffiALTH EDUCATION
2:6 PATBOPEYSIOLOGY
2 hgurs/ week
i

) Theory
I
( A.
1 cell injury and adaptatton
t. Basic principles of
l l6
Causes oI ceilular rn]ur., i-.athoc.ene sis. inorititi.,iL){\ of'cel] iniun lntercellular altcratrons tn -
lipids. prorer.ns and caruoirvdrates Cellular ij:Dtairon, atroph'.'. hvpertrophy
Basic mecharLisms inroirecj in the process ol in-ilanlmation and repair
Alterations r-n vascular permeabilit)'and b,lood ilou. m.isration of \48C, acute and chronic
lnflammatior\ mediators of inllammatioq brief outhne of the Process of repair
Pariophysiolog,v oI common diseases
Rheumatoid art}ntis, gout, epilepsy, ps)'chosi,s, depression, mani4 hypertensiorL angln4 CCF,
atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, diabetes, peptic ulcer, asthm4 ulcerative col-itis, hepatic
disorders, acute and chronic renal failure, tuberculosis, urina:1'tr-act infections, sexually -
transmitted dis(x.s€s, anaemias and common R?es of neoplasms- where ever applicable the
molecu-lar basis should be discussed.

B: Eealth education:

a) Concept of health and disease, disease causing agents and prevention of diseases.
b) Classi-fication of food requirements. balanced diet. nutritional deficiency disorders. their
treatment and preventioq specifications for dnnking water'
c) Demo-eraphy and family planning
d) Brief out line o[communicable diseases. their causative aqents, modes of transmrssion and
prevention (C!-ucken por measles. influenza diphtheria, rvhoopilg mugl\ tuberculosis,
poiiomyelrtis, helmrntluasis. maiaria fiianasis. rabies. trachom:. tetarus, leprosy, syphilis,
eonorrhoea and AIDS)
g) Frst aid. Emereencv treatment of shock- snake bites, burns. poisoning, fractures and
rbsuscitation methods

Books Recommended.
I Russel. J.G. amd Norman D H., Pathologt' and Therapeuics for Phormacists- A basisfor
ehlical Phormacy Pracrice., The Pharmaceutical Press, London. I

?, Roubins, S I-. and Kumar,.V. Basic Parholog', \\B Saunders Company.


i Dipilo J L - Phormacorherapv': a Pathophy'siological Apprxch., Elsevier, Publications.
.1 Parmer, N S . tieafih E<luarion nui Contmunin'Pharmag', CBS Publishers.

THIRD TT,IR B. PHLRIT

3: 1 PHAR\IACELITICAL CE[}IISTR\'- \/
( Chemistry of Natural Products )

Theor.v: 2 hourV week


\i
The following topics will be discussed with special reference to official natural produos and allied
semi-synthetic d erivatives
l. ine biomolecules of the followi,iog t.upes with special reference to
Discussion of naturally occurring
their coffiguratiorl stlreo chemistry, biolo-ecal importance ( Carbohydrates, hormones, steroids,
vi-tamins, alkaloids)
Carbohydrates of higher plant orign of pharmaceutical importa.uce.
Classificatior, oo.i"latrrre. method ofpreparation, structure, characterisation, general reaaidns
of identification of amylose, amylopectl& cyclodextrins, cellulose derivatives, rhamnose,
tjrriiarose, deory sugars, gentobiose- streptose, streptobiose-
27
dryers- Pnnoples oI treeze or}'ltrg'
25 iI,*
Pci:rJ':-'.:j.- : ri,ri-jr.ri li,)t'rciir.ls. sirnDie a;:J t]tl:ir: piotelns. con-iu!-lIcd oroterns, a
studl,oi
thc:; cl::::::.il i;iiu;.: a:i ir'.lcl;..r)s
EleriEhtan i:ucv oi'nu;ieoprr.rte ins, nuciecsides. nucieoricjes and ru.rclelc acrds olpharmaczudcal
/ brologrcai lil]tonance
Enzrmes Detirutton cia-ssttlcatton, enz\meirc actiur.'in biologrca.l and Lndustnal applicatioas.
{ Alkaloids General Er-.racdon. General me:hods of cietermination of srruoure. classificarion and
chenucal nalure and me<iicinal uses of of,nciar alkaloicjs, srructure elucidauon and synthesis
of
ephedrine- atroprne
Vitamiru Classifcation- studv of chemical nature of ritamins official in I P, constirution and
syntlesis of Thiamine, Riboflarine, Ascorbic acid and Vit- D
Steroids- Nomenclanre, tests for steroids, methods of isolatioq structural fearures, chernistry of
bholesterol, irradiation products and chemistn'of ergosterol, chemistry of stigmasterol, lanosterol
and cherrusrry ofbile acidV salts
7 Hormones, (l) Estroeens, inter-relationship of esuone, estrad.iol, estriol, constitution of estrone,
slrlthesis, preoaration and medicinal uses of svntlretic non-steroidal estrogenic compounds ee-
Benzesterol, hexosterol dieposterol. stilbesterol, chJortria ni 5an g.
(2) Proeestins Skeleral strucrure and srnthesis of Drosesterone, progesterone derivatives used
as. oral contraceptives
(3) -{'ndrogens Skeleui structure and srr:thesis of tesrosterone and syntheric anabolic steroids.
(4) Adrenal corte\ hormones .Classification- chemicai narure of cortisone, hydrocortisone,
slrthesis of conisone iom naturallv occuninq saporuns. skeletal strucnre of imponant synthaic
conicosieroid an-alotiu:s such as r;recinisone. credrusolone- fluromethvlone, betamethasone,
deramethasone and tnanicrnolone- siructure actirirv reiation ship with their medicinal uses.
(j) General introductio:r of protelnaceous hcrmone-i eS Lnsulin, ox]'toclq vasopressi4 their
biological importance and chemistrv of th,rroine
8 Sapbruns chemical narure. tests ior sapoins. structure and uses of diosgenin, sarasapoganin
,)
ProSlag:iandins A preliminan'discussion- introciuction on the nature olthese cornpounds and
their biol o ql cal im pona-oce.
l0 Glvcosides: Definitioq inrroductioq strucrure elucidatioq test, chemistry and synthesis of
Am raf m:d-"- of cardiac gi-vcosides of Digitalis purpurea ard lanata, Strophanthrrs
and imponance of aelycone and glycone part with their S.AR I

ll Purines Cpnsrirurion and srnthesis of uric acid and caffeine, inter-relation ship of caft'eine,
th eo_uh1 ll ine\.th eo bro mine and t h ei r m edi cinal im portance
ll ' Terpenes Introductiort Basic isoprene ruie. classification- mono, di, tri, sesqui terpenes,
structure and constitution of geraniol, camphor. -{lpha terpiniol, structure aad inter-relation ship
of lihonene. dipentene and alpha terpeniol; terpene h-vdrate, cineole and carvone, constitution of
menrhol and rh,,mol. Srnthesis of Ionones (AJpha and beta)
l_1 carotenoids lntroductiorl source. occurTence, skeleul structure of carotenes, conlersion of beta
carotene and Vitamin--A- Constirurion and srnthesis of Vitamin-A.

Practicals: 3 hourV week

De-sadation of narural products- at lea$ 4 compounds


Test for purity of some official compouirds belonging to the class ofnatural products, at least
compounds of Pharmacopoeia.
) Assay ofpure natural products and finished preparations, source materials and finished
preparations of I.P. at least l0 preparations.
4 Qualitative analysis of natural products- Identification of I0 unknown compounds to be
praaiced.
2E
a
t.nnme catalvsed srmpie feactlolls I 1\ -:i l\ '' i: i. : :. i rat i i-r r'\ met h!'l ation. demethylation
(Selected simple exampies)
Laboraton, erperiments on rsoiation . icD,ulil()l'l :-iL: ili:jlilolr of r.anous _qroups of chenucal
constituents oipharmaceutical sr_cruiic.r.rrc: iL.(.g .rli.a,-'t,-1. 'ilrccsides, punne bases. favanoids,
terpenes, carotenoids etc

Books Recommended.

De Mayo, P., The Chemistrv o-f Norural Prducts \-ol 2-i. Intersciences, New
I York
G.Bell and Limitedr London.
2 Rosenthaler, L , The Chemicol Im,esrrgartort of Planls. sons
j Trease, G E , Evans, W.C., Phomacognos-r. Bailliere Tindall' Eastbourne,
U K'
.1 Tyleq V E Jr and Schwarring, AE Expertmetttit! PharmacogTtosf", Burqess Pub Co
ivtinneaphs. Nlinnesota.
5 Frnar, LL , Orgailic Chemtyrv-, \'ot 1 & ll ELBS
Loi:srnaillondon
6 Gurdeep and Chatu'al . organtc chemrsrrt' o-f l'atural Prociucts
vol I & u I

3: 2 PSAR\L{CEUTICAL }flCRoBloLoc\'& BIOTECHNOLOGY

2 hourV week
l-heon,

,\ Ilicrobiology'
I

I lntroducrion to the scope of rrucrobioloqr


l Structure of bactenal cell
rickettesiae, spirochaete'
J classificarron of microbes and their taxonomr ActinonN'cetes, bacten4
v'iruses and firngus
electron microscopy'
4 IdentiEcation oi microbes, stains and rypes of staining rechniques,
viruses etc'
) Nutntion- cultivation isolation of bacteria- actinom\.cetes- fungi-
6 \ficrobial gene(cs and variadon
1 'Conrrol otmicroLes by ph1'sical' anci chernic:l rnethocis
(a) Disini-ecrion, tactors inliuencrng disinfecl nts. cii'r.amics of disiLrfection Disinfectants,
arriseptics and their evaluation.
(b) Sienlization- Differenr methods. validation oi sterilization methods & equipments'
8 Steriliry testin-s of all Pharmaceutiel products
resistaace'
9 Immunit-r, P.im"fu and secondar.v defensive mechanisms of bodl', nucrobial

B. Biotechnologr

I . knmunology and immunological preparations: .;


Immunological
Principles, Antigens and Haptens, Irornunorystenl Cellular, humoral irnmunity,
tolerence., antigen-antibody reactions and their applications
standardisation
Hypersensitiviry, ctive a-od passive immunisation, \'accines, their preparations,
and storage.

29

JI

I '.ft
E=--tl q
,

;
iGenslicRecombinationTransiormattott'cttrtlui:i:on-Trans'iuction'Protoplastfusionand antibodies'
gene ciorune and their appiicarions
o.t.top,r].n' ti'itt'iridonta tor ntono clonal
and methods used for
Srudl.ofdrugsproducedbr'biotechnolo$SuJ|ras\cti...isa.Hurr:ulin,Humstrope,FIBetc.
der.elopmeniof afltiuiotics.,-{i:imtcrobial spectrum
] Antibioucs historical Fermenter' its design'
ro, org.n,r*s orodu.c,ng antibiotics
standardisation Screening of soil
controlofdifferentParameters.Isoladonofmutants.iacrorsint)uencingrateofmutation.Desigrr
prociucts t+ith ,p""i,I reference to
penicillins'
of fermenration process. Er:tracrron ".[i..*.",.tion
ryp., or reacrions mediated bv microorganisms, Desim
, iff3j;[r,',];[ff|,:T'#:J'"?'n,
ra"Jon;i;;-rr-.,"s, Biotransformation
process and its I
of bioransforrnarion processes,
to sterol6s
improvements with special reference Faclors affecting enzyme
of immobilization of e-nz-ymes'
5 Enzyme rmmobilization- Techniques penic,rinase, Streptokinase, Strepto- dornase,
kjnetics. Srudy of enz-vmes zuch *'uar.o,,dase.
of bacteria and plant cells
.A.m!'lases, pr*.;ro' etc' lmmobilizaJon
3 hourJ week'
Practicals

Experime:rtsderisedtoprePareVanousry'"'o-.t::'t:::-*t.tnsub-culturingofvariousaerobic
.r'anous.staining methods, various sterilization
and yeast,
and anaerobic bacrerir. a fungus and
techniques, e=valuation-of antiseptics
techniques ,r,a ii.i. valiriation or rr"ritirr,ion
disinfucl:nts.testrnqofsterilin'orpn*uttuticalL''roduilsasPerI'Prequirements'Mcrobial
assar, of antibiotics and rrtaroins

Books
{(ecommendcd E
\ -f .-.,r...- \trrlrrrr Hill Book cO Inc London
Co Inc' Lonoon'
\escon. and Dunn .l*iusrrro,,yj,:"!::j-lll ,, i;:H,[l4:1.f.:ii'a:'S:tH.
fr:gl. ii.-"'. *rtt.t-AD . "PlwrmacettttL''i; '\ltcrobtolog''
"#
Publicauon, Qxford.
) i'.op*, " i'tt iiijfii a t I&I
Te c luto I og;"' \'ol : 1

.. \'erieg chemie, S'*'iuerland


I Kie-rstich K ed Ei";r;;;;";;,i,ol \,'I,

3.3 PH..IR\LACOLOG\-' I t

I
3 hourV week

1
ns of theraPeutics, PosologY'
trics, Toxicology and sources
of drugs'
E
ncing the eft'ect of drugs'
;; and stores of drugs in the bodY' t
I
roduction to L.D ,0, E.D so and I D

Activiry Relationships' drug receptors {I


rs mod-fl'ng drug actiorg Drug

[nteractlons
_10

t
3 hours *eek

lheory

. Posolos\"
and sources of drugs'
of drugs'
of drugs rn the bodY

to L.D E D so and
so,
recePtors
elauonshiPs' drug
g drug actiorL f)rug

and
to acute' sub-acut e
lnteracttons
General studv
of tos::::?J1,,1ffii
e roxicologl' tonctw ror>uru": "'
vanous flpes of
.r""r"it"Iiw ans
ciq'snrt ln-
Bio-ass
D-n:bocurarine

actton
don- mecharusm of
uses'
a
raclions. Cliru cal

em d somatic
s\
drugs
s., an
ffi:[?-'ffi!'TI:i,ll[iit-r'
anci.ad':'::i:;;;r**;[iolr,.r' Neuromus- i
sttmt
ases. eanqlionic

otics a Estrogens
hrroiC
steroici

d oral contraceDtlves' n €'


pep'lides
D
ill[::::fr1'fr';ffii*i;*ffi'5"il:*""ffi!
Immunost'rmulanrs
s.
tal anta-sorusts' q L-asparaeinase, Digestrve
t"'nia*"' alPha chvmou)?su
stase' \ ,'

anti-asthmaucs'
antitussives' and'
ry s.v$em- dioxide and water
vaPour'
g"", u"li";;;;'
3 hours/ week

Pr-acJicals:

.'ou,apParatus,Physiologicalsoiutionsandrecordingde."icesusedinexperimental
l. SrudY of van
pharmacoloeY. 31
demonsliate Inc
ro demonsrrate
To
potenirat
the putc'trr-" :i::::*I::'..;-il,';:Jlft:',.'"li::
ho6n::tatt,Jn o\ d-tuDocutiilIrrE E:li::::^l-:""
t'^'"?'-- 1-
the inhibruon o'.u::''t..dia: Adrenaline' atropine'
ca' cardtac
i; ;;;""tti'are o::l::;i::'j"i s:r:r.iiriants-
li,l.:Tilil ;;;; "" ;;.'.,'"0
eflect oI orurs
;;;;;- propr':u rtJ rv I and
tne' p'Jp"''olol
K
epressant
depressants-s- Acetvl
Acetvlchol
. IrrJ r.,roua.namrc fr o e
and hr
h eart
d r_.nc nnffflzl
on,l:il.,rrohacerarnio.
on not after inlectron by
;'ffi*;e effects of drugs ^n
io ,*a, the eff1c1s "'-,i,inu.erarnice rn * blood of rabbits
tr,Jilood
the
concenrrations of
o"",.frnution of fie
s

various routes

is Recommended
cY, Kolkatta
cothPeraPeutics

P ooular P raliaharu i\Iumo ar


rLop'utu't'a'NervDerhi
i'J,f#"t^;,i*iltrx;::'tr:'i:i';#::5il:"i'ffi
- ll
3: '1 PH'ARU-\CEUTICS

Dosage form Designs)


(Biooirarmaceulrcs and
3 hours/ rveek
'neeil
and clinical sefirng'
Pharmacokinettcs
phannaceurics and

cirugsaCiossbioloeicalbarrier(Passtvediffi-rsion.Activeffansport,f|cilitated
y-rosrs) and pharmaceutical)'
physicochemrcal, phlsiological
uin'g
'=: ffi:ffi ;ffi :ffi*"rd: ,['il"n."rn
P_lrarmacokinetrcsi n msasurernent-

absorption rate coBstants


l,l 3';Tiifilil,i
Pharmacokine
Lll "r0., and First order
ii man method'
Wagn
usillq- efficient.
].1\,olumedistentandTwocompartlnent.models.Deterrrrination
a*g administration by
35 compartmen u.*u *i;;;;un..
of Pharmacol
intra vasculal egession procedures' r ^.^-iaeri.rn of re
renal
determination
j6 Curve fining l-ct.arancl, clearance ration,
rLvv
,t. 3.7
Clearance C
ccirculation'
in'"nt model aler I'v
38 linearlt-v (saturatton
- '3
'9
mechanism)

IjeDrUuurr arru Jvvr - and hepatic failure'


4.1 and without renal
patients,*ith
Dosage adjustment
t

42
.1 j j
Desien oi sln-cle tloi: -'r"-e!ul'' 31':' si:-'ii" :lJ ieievant StailStlCS
.{ -1 r-:: sr*rufrCance in COmbinatiOn therrr.:r
P.harmacOkltl3t:c ,iiL:'li]i3:lCllilils "h:lr
B i o afarlq hi I i t-v q!-d-p-Dgl'.rEig.l c :
Curv'e ('\UC)
5I }leasurement ol-Broaraiirbrirtr- C- mu' T- max and Area uncier
i : Design of sinsle dose brt-r-eQuivalence stucil'and relevant statistics
5j Rerierv of rezulaton, requrements ,oi- conduction of bio-equil'alence
stuciies

Dosaee form Desisns

Preformul ati on studies


(a) Srudv of phy,sical propenies of cirug iile cn-r'sical forrq panicle size. shapg densitl'- wetiing,
and their efi'ect on
Dielectric constant, soiubrlitl,. dissolunon and organoleptic property
formulatioq stabilw and bio-availabilitl

Srudy of chemrcal properties oIdrugs iike hvdroll'sis, oxidatioq reductioq


racemizatrion
(b)
polymensation etc and their influence on formulation and stabiliry'of products
(c,, Stud\.of prodrues in solvrne oroblems r-elateC to stabiiin. bio-availability and elegancl'of
formulations
..)
Desi-sr-r- development and process r.alidadon methods for Pharmaceutical operations involved in
the producrion of Pharmaceutica-l products xith special reference to tablets and zuspensions
j Stabrlization and S tabilin' testing protocol for vanous pharmaceutical products.
.1 Performance evaluation melhocis
(a) Invrtro dissolution studies for soiid cjo-c.' iorirrs \lethocis.interpretation oiorssolution ciaia
(b) Qioal,anabilitl,studies and bioavarlabiiii" testrnq Drotocol and procedures
(c) lritrvo ntethods of evaluation ueatmenls
5 GtvP ihd qualiti' assurarce. Quahn' audit
6 Desi_err. dev.etopment, producrion and evalua:ic.n of controlled release
formuiations

Practicais 3 hourV week 1

given
Experimentstesi,4ed for the estimation of various pharmacokinetic parameters with
data.
2 Analysis of biological speci-ficarions for druq conrent and estimation of the pharmacokinetic
parameters.
) tn vitro eva.luation of different dosage forms ior cirug release.
4 Absorption studies - in vitro and rn situ
Statistical Ireatment of pharmaceutical data
6 preformulation studies including drue-excipient compatibilit.v studies, eft^ect of Stabilisers,
presen'atives etc in dosaee form design
7. E*periments demonstradne improvement in bioavailablity through pro-drug concept'
8 Stabiliry evaluation of various dosa-qe forms and their expiration dating
9. Dissolution testing and data evaluation for oral solid dosage forms.
I0. Evaluation otbioequivalence of some marketed products-
II In l.ivo bioa...;rilability evaluation, plasma druq concentration & urinary excretion curves'
12 Design development and evaluation of controlled release formulations'

Books Recommended.

l. Notari, F.E. Biopharmaceutics and Pharmocokinettcs an IntroductionMatcel Dekkar Inc. NY.


2. Gbaldi ,lr{. and Perrier, D., Pharmacohnerics lr{arcelDekker lnc. NY

E
?r
) \lrlo Gibiil dr. 5;o olurntacettitcs Llni! L-lrtt;cc Pharmacoktnettcs' Le'r & Fibiger' Philadelphia
Lirinestone
Aulroii.\l E -,Dltttrnroclrttcs- Titc Sc;ct:c,: ci Do-;aP Form DcstElt ELBSi Churchill
and cltntcal Pharmacohnetics- A
) Brahmankar D \{ and Jaisrval. s.B. Btooiurrnaccutics
Trcattse. \'allabha Praliashan publishine Co \erv Delhi

3: 5 p111ft-\LTTCOGNOS\' - U

2 hourV week

variedes. chemical constinlents,


l. Study of the biological sources, cultivation, commercial
and microscopic fearures and specific
substirutes, adulterants, uses, diagnostic, macroscopic
glycosides:
chemical tesrs of the following grouPs of drues containing
arasaParilla and. Senega.
hanthus and thevetia
ubarb arid Cascara-
ga, Gentian, Saffioq Chirat4 Quessia'
n ames- botani cal sources, morphology,
chemi cal
and com'mon uses and fomulations of
narure of chief constiruents, pharmacoloer'. caregories
;6116rvine indieenous dru gs
R'asn4 PunarnavE chitraclg
.{m]a Kanrkari. Satavari, T1'lophora- Bhila$'q Kaluid, Bachr-
q,A4unq Ashoka- N{enthi. Lahsu4 PalastL
eem
raditional system of medicine' Introduction to
J
Bhasmas.
. chemical
specific
rugs: i
belia-
uboisi4 coca and withania'
c, oPium
omi ca and Phvsosti-erna.
(e) tmidazole. PilocarPine.
(f; Steroidal: Veratrum and kurchi'
(e) Alkaloidal amines: Ephedra and eolchicum'
Glycoallraloid: -solanum ' '"
(h)
(I ) Purines: Cof[ee, tea and cold'
5 Roleofmedicinalandaromaticplarrtsinnauona]econom}..
ests and uses of the follou'ing enzymes' Diastase'
6.

qsic metabolic pathways- Brief introduction to


7.
tical imPortance.
8. plant bitters and sweetners.
methods and their application
9. Introduction, crassification and srudy of difi'erent chromatographic
in evdtration of herbal drugs.
3 hours/ week

Identification of crude drugs listed in theory'

34
I.{ic;'crs.-otrc stuc\ of somr r;llorair:
_i.. rontarrung crude drugs out lined abov.e
corrder:x' irugs ( ar ieasl j,
I S ia,rcie'ci-iat ion oi
some tracir u onal dli ;.)i;r:Li ;a::ons( at least
5)
-1
Idcnri6carion of crude dru_es hsred aborr
r al ieast 25)
5 r\licroscopic studr of characrers oIseieciei
drues given in theorv in entire and powdered
( at leasr I 5.1 form.
6 Chcnucal e'aluatron of po*'ciered drugs ard
enzrmes.( at reast 5)
7 chromatoeraphic srudies of some t,erorr
constiruents. ( at reast 5)

Books Recommended

l. Bain, K.R., and Turner, T.D., practrcal Ey.aittarrort


o/pnvarophormacertticats.. Wright_
Scienrechnica B ristol.
2.
osr.Lea & Febiger philadelphia.
3.
hurchill Limited London.
4
5
ctcogt,osy I*a & Febiger philadelphia
El[s I{orwood Chichester.

3 : 6 P[L\R\L\CEL IICS III


( Hosoiral. Communrn. and Dispen_sine pharmacy)
1
\

Itrcqry
i hourV week
A. Dispensqr.g pharmrlr roa Communiq. pharnrac-r L

\
Pn n ci p I esro I D pens
is in._e Handlin-e of prescriprions, Source of error in pr.rt.iptions.
General dlspensing oiocedure;;a,n;'ru"u.il,i,
Forms"#',:ffi:j
::rr1H,Tl._::?^l.gicrnes
products L:tin terms commonh.used
- calcutation of doses
for infants, adutts and elderty
Ilffi,..:,:;:*:.^r]1,,o^T.^,_ro::l9-
snirit lsotoruc
spirir.
sptnt. Isoronic sot;.;;, ;l;;-;;#;;il
Iqnr^nia.^t...i^--
solutions. n' r '
Displacemeirt ;;.
vajues etc.
;,, i'l p,oor il;il;;;"i*,
,l'oll.9 and procedsres adopted in dispensing of.rypicat prescripti
ptions like mlxtures, :i
T::,t]:^t p

:::::,:l: :l:'1':ll?t:'-' I s
j
on s' ;'# ; ; ;; ffi.o.- ;:::";,fi .';H:::;il:l
pastilles. rozenses. pius. todo"r,-t",i;;;;; rilt,til"#,.ifiir, ,o..rr,
i#::::::ii.""l.Tnrmics.
tablet trirurates etc
Incompatibilities Phvsical and chemical incompatibiliries, inorganic incompatibilities
of
fl::r,:,ir",j:L.:1,t,
n n-merats-.adids. alkalies./org",j" ,;;';;;l;ffi;;'ffi:r[LTa,oids
- - j
--
anaesthetics. dyes, surface
rncornpatibiliry.
acdv.e .n"nir- correcrtion ofiincompatibilities, Therapeuti c
5' ' Communitl' Pharmacy: comm
rganisation structure of
retail, u,hole sale_ Iegal requirements
role oflpharmacist in community of records, counselling_
heal

B: I{ospital pharmacr.:

i5
K
I (Jri,a,r:ltir.it anJ:ir-.l .i.i- {ii,,.tll,\.1 1..;t i;:L'ri'll.:i anc hcscttaJ pharmacr. Res!onstbiIitres oi
a 5Osprtai 'phafillaLiSl l;l.ii lll.iL . Jrrd th.I'lil:'i.J "::lnllnee,
bUdeet preparairOn alCi
intplimenla::or,
Formuiary
I Hospiral Formulan contents. Pieoaratton .ulc It-'\rsion of hOspital
I Druq store manaqement and Inr enlon coni:ol
(a) organisation of Drus store. Trpes oimatenals nocked, Storage conditions
(b) Purchase and inventory control- pnncrcies- Dr.lrchases, procdures' purchase order'
procurement and stocking.
4 Drug distribution svstems rn hospitals
(a) Out patient Cispensinq- methods adopted
(b) Dispensinq of j*g, rL inpatients Trpes of drug distribution systerns. Chargin-e
policr',

Labeling.
(c) Dspensing of drugs to ambulatory patrents
I (d) Dispensing of controUed drugs
5 Central sterile Supply Unit and their mana3ement
supply of sterile materials'
Tlpes of materials lor Serilisation, sterilisation equrpments'
Manufacrure of sterile & non-sterile products:
Policy maliing of manufacturable items'
6 practice, master formula card,
demand and cosring personnel ,equiiem.nrs. manutacturing
production control- manufacrurinSt records
ciiseases, treatment schedules'
7 Drug inlormation senices ,orrJ., of inforrnarion on druqs.
procurement of iniormauon- conrputensed str\'rc3s
(eq ivIEDLLLiE) Retrival of informatioq
medication error
SRecordsandReportsPrescnprionfiJling.cirugproEie.patientmedicationprofile,caseondrug
cases etc
irrtelaction and adverse drug reactions' iciios''ncratlc
3 hoursi rveek
Pr_actrcals

studied in theory, maintaining complete


I Dispenln_-s of prescriptlon, fiUinQ under the categories
finishing and wrappine of articles
record of each. Translation of pr"escriptions. proplr labelling,
neatll'
r i Identificatioi and conection o[lncompatibiiities in orescriptions
Anall'sis of prescriptions lor drug interactions' oier
dosages etc
-l
.lDispensingo[prescnptionsinvolvingadiustmentoftonicirl' of
the rational use
i projecr report on risit to the ,.., btl.onmunit' phatmacy:for counselling on
druqs and asPects of health care
information centres, prescription fi'lling'
o Pracricals designed on the use of c.omputers in drug
documentation of iniormation on drue interactions

Ilooks Recommended:
studetrls cBS Publishers Delhi'
I cater. s 1.. Cooper oul gttrtn's tlispercirtg-[or Pltarmaceurical
C9,
? tr{artin. E w-- \irpuui,ig of Mediianon \fack Ptiblishing Iu:t:T.PO
3. Stoklosa, Nf .1., Piarmaietrtical Calailarto, Lea & Febiger Philadelphia' Dispetse
4. Liberman, H A. Rieger, trl.N{ and Banlier, G.S . Pharmacettical Dosage Forms
sl'stems" Vol I & 2'lvfarcel Dekker NY
5. Hassen \vi1iarn, E., Hospitar ptwnnaq'Lea & Febiger Phcnmacy'
Philadelphia. _
B'S Shah Prakashan
6.-- Merchant, H'S', and Qadry, !'S'' Text Book
of Hospitat
Ahmedabad . r,-. .tr.^n.Lr:^^+'
T.Allwodd,M.C.andFellrJ.T.TextBooko/HospitalPharmaq"BlackwellscientificPublicattoq
oxford. 16
..:
-J
\)
\)
\)
-)
\) 3: 7 P[IAR-\I \(.t_ t'T-ICAL JURISPRUDE]\CE
\)
\) Theor,r'
2 hourV week
J
I Definirion and scope of forensic pha;.,:c'. Pharmacist's
J Pharmacist as a member of the Health Caie
role in drug treatment ard drug usage
Scheme.
J 2 Phatmaceutical legislarion rn India Fl'stoncal
developments of pharmaceutical
rqvvuu,. euuv'rlr.,rr
education in
J India. professionar ethics in pharmacr-pracrice
Legar
) 3 Esrablshment and workine of poisoricenrers in
Hospi
acists.
patient and the public CoirmonJy used poi;ons ur
) and th
poisonine and drues in suicides
) 4' Pharmaq'Act l9'{8 General stud'of ihe Pharmacy
Act with special reference to Education
) regulations,working of central and siate pharmacv
councils. Registration procedure under the Act
) 5 Drugs and cosmetics -{ct I9{0
General r*ar-.oiii. o,"-i .r?'cosrnedcs Act
) there under Studv of the terrns " Drugs" and "cosm.ri.ri -D;;;;;;s, and Rules
prov.isions applicable to
Impon. SaJe and manufacrure of drugs
)
Qua'lifications- duries- responsibiriries or drug rnspecrors.

:
ibrnralities for esrabrisain-s manuraciuirn,,
unirs. Distnbuti Htff:::#t
abii-shment Det X and y.
rical preparations *,ith reference Io tvledicinar and
and Rules 1956.
iega.l analysis with special reference to
Narcotic

bited and exempted advertisements. brues and


s) Acr 1955

and Rules 1955.


(b) Facrones Acr 19.1g
(c) prevention olCrueh,. to .{rrimals Acr
l960
(d.) Fatent.{ct 1970
(e) Stares Shops and Esrablishmeht-s.icr l
I9_1S
(0 tnsecticides -{ct t 96g :

tg) \Lnimlm \\'aqes Act lg-1S


(ht.r.rcrs ecilqs; I

ct.

Books Recommended.

I ' ltlind B'r'{', Text


Bxk o-f
- 2' All Acts and Rules, includingForenstc Plnrntoct'.
tr,. t"i.ri;.;;;;as
National Book Depot, Kolliafta,
per syllabus, publisbed by Government of
India.

J/
FOURTH IIPIT.4RI//

4: I PE{R}IACEUTICAL CHE}IISTRY -VI

( ivfedicural Chemistry)

3 hours/ week
Theory:

l. Basic principles of lv{edicinal Chemisiry


and Bio is
Physico-chemical incluciine
Uijtogcal actions' d
Principles of drug
)'T'odi'io ..-r..
approaches GnGa'ctbn to graph
theolr' applications of Qu
lr{odeiin-q
drug designing (CADD) and lvlolecular
Z.' Drug nretabolism and con rcunds &om each category' SAR
3. A detailed study of chemi: sses of drugs:
Mechanism of action and t
:tics 4' Non steroidal anti
I General and Local anae
inll s 6' and their blockers'

blo nvul & Sedatives' l0'Tr


13' diabetics' 15 Axtib
12. 20 s'
li -tuti epileptics- it en'nt*tthics' 19 l{'{:rtimalarials'
lmmunosuppre sive agents and anti- HIV agents'
21r Tuberculostatics, 2i Anti neoplastics,

3 hours/ week

t
methods'
I Exerd-sS based on QSAR: Hansch & Free-\\'ilsonand i-a rha
establishing
pharmecnneial
the Pharmacopeial
course conlent
J -"-J-atinaselected drugs fromof the
synthesi\.of
the drugs sptheszed
spectral ,.Jditt
constani 4nd Molar refractiviryof compounds
6 Determination of p"*i,lon lo-.ffi"i"nt, Dissociarion
for QSAR analYsis'
drugs
8 Work shop on stereo model use of some se rected
Experimenis L,ased on drug metabolism- . r - ^ ^--^.^, and "tqaAtrAisrtinn of
6 ol
^^A standardisation
(a) preparation of 59 *4"*oo*mesfrom tissue homogenated
Cytochrome p-450, cytockome b5
u;tffi* orpn"nourrbital pre trearrnenr on mrcrosomal control'
and comparison of microsomes from
and NADpH cytochrome cj reductase p-
and p-nitro anisole
r r ,, (c) Determination of microrornJ*ino pyrione demethylase
.iL...
,i: i
reductase activities'
\/ and nitro
microsomal azo-

lBooks Recommended:

l.Foye,W-C',PinciplesofMedicinotChemisny'Lea&Febiger'Philadelphia
38
ll'rlsott am) (jisvotd 's /c'r/ Bttok of orgarilc
Delagado. J N, and Remers. \\'A R (Eds1
lv.lecltcttul atrl Pharmaceurtcal chemtstrv' J
Lippincott Co Philadelphia
NIartut. \' C , Ornttlitottu Drug Desigrt A )ritrcal
Inrroductiorr ( lvledicinal Research
N'lonoeraph Vo 8) MarcelDekker Inc' NY
q Role of Organic Chemtstr.v m Dntg Research"
Roberts and Price, B-J' " Aledicinal Chemistry':
Acaderruc Press Nerv Yorl:
oxford Uruversiry Press' New
5 Nogrady,,T , lvletlicitnl Chemistry- a Btochemtcal 'lpproach,
York
& Drug Design ' mac Milan Press'
6 Vurter, J G , and N1ark Gardner, ( Eds) N{olecular lvlodeling
New York

4 :2 PE{RI\{ACEUTICAL ANALYSIS- tr
2 hourV week
Theory:
A.Importanceofqualirycontrolofdrugs-Designofqualirycontrollaboratories.Differentntethods
TQM QualiW Review and Qualiry
of standardisation Quaiin.orrrr-..I GLP. iSO 9000,
analytical data'
drug analysis, interpretation of
,.: Documentation. Regulator-v- contro_|, regulaton-
validation of analytical
qrJ;,yr]rait, qirtity or.q,i,p*.nt' validation of equipment'
Validatior\
procedures.
Seoaration techniques:
1t
j Chromatography- Fundamental principles of chromatogaphy- adsorptioq columrL PaPer,
in
chroniatographi' Application of the above techniques
.tgyig & high it"ttrt..tiquid
ical analysis.
(2)
iflectrophoress,
(3) \Celfiltration
Gener.al treatment of the theo(v & application of
the fouoiving optical & electrical instrument
methods in pharmaceutical ana.lysis:
metry-
tive an etry'
and ap I

various instruments & pharmaceutical


orPtion sPectroscoPy '
a-red spectra & regions. Instrumentation,
application in qualitative, structure elucidation and quantitative analysis'
(e). Nuclear lvlagnetic Resonance Specgoscopy.- @l"..rtalv treatment) NMR signal'
inrt**"ntutioq iractical considerations, chemical shifts, spin-spin coupling and de-coupling
structure elucidatioh.
(Q. Mass spectrometry:-@lementary treatment
Considerations, structure eluciddtio4 detection :
co
1

(g). Polarography:- fni.oau.tior,, theoretical


polarogr of
mercury electrcdes, U*i" p"r"ipLs of
analysi s, pharmaceutical applicatiorls' AmPerom
(h). Potentiometry:-Basic principles, Fotentiom
base titrations'including non-aqueous titrations,
reduction titrations. eiis*rsion about the inst n

of
and working on in pharrnaceutical analysis, Ion selective
potentiometry., l-Fischer's method of moisture daermination' -

(i1. Ruo.imetry, spectrofluorimetry, analytical factors&


applications
3s

;5.
|tt; (i!,
.lr
!t
:i.
Ul.l i -' i- I l'l,]ilt'-tllS
tj) Polanmetrv - Theory'. instrumentatron, j,- ..,r': : )ms - Difrerentiai scanning colorimetry and
materials ani
1i) fn..*"f ana.lysis of rarv
of irterpreataion o spectra and application of
lfH:T.1Ht$*r,basic instrumentaoonrienrent
ih. *-.uy diftaction and Radio immunoassl
:

3 hourV week
Pra$iq3l.work:

l.
r
3.

4.

5.
6.
. 7.
8.

BOOKS RECOT'{MENDED

(l)Connors,K.A.,TextBooko!Pharmaceuttcolanalysis.Wrleylntersciecnes,NewYork.
g U Mlcel Dek]<er New York
chemtsrn,. Vol f
(2) ChanerL L.G., A;h**";ncal tr
Pharmaceuncat Chemistry' Vol' I &
{3) Beckett. A.H. -i i'J'te' J'B '' Pracncal
\-' ;;;ifuon" p,.tt < f the Universin of London Text Book of Quantinwe
iu",Eilll,'i^;', lr"nan",, and De,r,i, R c r.ed ) t'oget's
' - - iriri*ric' Amlysis'ELBSI longman Lo ndon.
Settle- F.A "lnsrrumental m€thods
of analysis'
(5) willar( ff,H-,l,r"li i-*, ;"* J A and

phsrmaceurtcat chemistry,McGaw
,rr*tt"lilThHNerv;l-'hn, F., , Jenkirt's ouartrirarive
fflI,Book Co. York'

2 hourV rveek
Theory:

cules of natural origin'


ral Products.
of medicinally important monoterpenes'

of medicinal imPortance'
genin, Sennosides, Diosgenin

activity of atropine and related compounds


biogenesis and pharmacological

,ro
rd \/inca alkaloicis
Ouinine- Reserpine' \lorphin ssanoidt and.Flavanoids
;;;;;* and ticgenesis o[ rnd Tetracvciines
chenristn- and therapeutic
ac tptti"r reference to Diosgerun
medicin '
.rinf pftnts' Papain' Cinchona'
World-wide trade in
tsc and c

edi e' calcium


nsti
alkaloids'
wood oil'
reference to sandal
tus oil'
growth
nutritional requirements'
harmacognosY'

sources'
aqents from marine
s and fungal toxrns .:

ii
ercial scale' *
j hourJ week *
fi
{.t
ri
Practicals: chemical
if,retion of various grouPs of {

iLt
,r, oiPtrt aceutical sigruhcance evaluatt
-^L
:nts o;Pape, Aa tn'I""-yo "ttto'*'5phic
rrv rvvv' * .- -
of sorneselectedpt'v'"iltil1l1lt^:,'"';:'Jr:[::"
rrne selecteu P
matg graphi c p ro
fi le.
volatile oils and their
culture'
,"r,ts in Plant tissue

noof<s neconunen9*:

g' P Y:': o s'i; l ";fi ,:ffi =;#xu;il3fl


?*i',?Y :-*.T:.:,' or)'Pharmacog"??
i i' ;;;,;;i and Roben' Lm:::;;;; ;a chichester'
1trfr??i::-illf;il;i,?;l!#liiii*i::;*lg:'*itt
'r',iii?, j r1ig*thladerphia
4 iyt".,'v.c.,
;: er(;"-,
ryrer, v c , Bradv- L.R', t Proauclr'
i:::::::;:"ir,'ffi';ff?fl;;"-;
"i'-il''iu*'uihesis Erur Hor*ood
,"i,j,i--rus i*"n"':::*hno,os1
^^l'-a Pharmacobiot
;. of y.::.v
Narural
il;;". . rhe'B'ios:vml'esit "{ Tyler,V'E'F Pharrnacognosl
l. tffi;.;': p pha-rrnu.o-*orf -d ptt"rmacobiotechnology'

6. Robbers, r r, tplffiK;;,
wiltir-; & Wrlkins PhiladelPhia'
4'- 4 PEARI\lAcEuTIgs-ry-
a rna"ttial Pharmary)
iro*J"'iut
3 hours/ week

I
T't,ouid dosage rorms: Introductiol try::9r'^di:l:" ffiS,,'li:,::t"#I;I"'I.ifi;;::[Li"
::''r':;il' *i ursions officiar h
"
il*:?""Hni*lt*,=-t"t'i' ;TJi'"*='rfi
PharmacoPoeta'

41
FE
2 ::;J' xiljjlffi':jilil"'iil'il',""i',0''
atlon aglng

ents' bases' manufacru""= oii:o"tl ll^ltging and evaluation'


of infusion
3. ,r',.ihod of errractio"' Pt"p"ution
ducts: prinaple anc
4 'r ^---^?c
' ,r*lres, dr-v and sott lrquid exfacts'

human
h*;'RBCs, dned h;; plasma,
human
S.Bloodproduasandplasmasubstirutes:Col]ectionarrdprocess,q&storageofwhole
_bloo4 concentrated 'brinogeg
ideal requirements
human oi-,-,r-.,. pt"r*a substitutes-
thrombrn -al,rr- normar,,,jil^ii*ir,r,- and
formuration, manufacn rring
6
u #*J#;:rh#t"5.rm:r;,'J#,fil,ll"ll;r
metho s or preparairors contarners'
l- ri, n"mml;**nfffi;:H:f":"i#i::Ll
\;Puu='--
evaluation'
I

8.
s' Cosmeticolory and TtT"
funoio"t of skin and hair'
dentifrice and manicure Pre
g CaPsrles: Advantageso
Wd gelatin caPsule' srze
capule content, imPortanc
conrol- stabiiiry testinq an croencapsulation in Pharmacy'
ri6ce, sPraY drying' sPray.
foating'Pan and other techniques'

on large scale
sranulation,t::hn^olo=y
ent D?es of rablers, machinary'
tabl et compression
tablet makine, ti itr;;; rypes

s- formulation of
coating solutiorg
lets'
stration, water for injection
of its adjustments'
PYrogenecrtY, no n- aque
Uj formulation details'

flow bcncn seryices Iand rnaint€nanCe.


--:^^^ -arl maintenance'

of Pharmaceuticals'
wound dressing absorbents' '
Definitioq primarl' o si c hem
v e s' cellul
saezeac. B and's*: ;u#; Lq::'-
]lt "ct
i

and catguts'
rnd ooo-'absorbable suhrres' Ligaturps
absorbable
rePlacement materi zil s' comPonents'
products: Packaeing
14. Packaging of pharmaceutical
aspdl "ioi"I*g''-P'? kage
mahods of evaluatio* tt''u-irity L"gi ana other official requrem
influencing cholrce-of *nt'i'"" '
ti:stmg.

12
6 hours/ u'eek
Bfacticals:
' - r r:r-^ ^^1" nd emulsions
Preparatiors evaruation and
packrnt
Poff#::,.l:.iJl#ffi1:.:ffi,..=.-"].
aerosolt'
:l'fl:1':i"'
a'op"" '*?illillli
intments etc (i::i:::lfi
t'","u'n"Ja;;;;roJr",r at reast r0 ) i
vanou methods of
Ointments, suppositories' ^-r vanous
r'laleninal nroductS utilizing
extracts
Preparation of Pharmacopoeial
preparations'
hair' dentirrices and manicure
rypes orcosmetics for skrn
ffiLl;l:iffr:il
( at leas l0) and biological evduation of
aration, stabilization, physical
4
s, cap sules.,uUl.t,, p^'"ntt'ul''
i'itto *ptut"t' .:1t?d:.,
expiration dating' disintegratton
ri"Uiit,r, erialuation and their of
Design, developmlnt and evaluation
"*=lr"*s.
( at least 15) . at ,least^ .\3) I
pharmaceutical packagng'(

Books Recommended:
Theory and Practice of Industrial
LacfLmaru L., Lieberman_
H A and Karug, J.L The ,
I
V;;.;)" Lea & Febiser' Pl-ulade.lpl-ua
Banker' G S Plwrmacetttical Dosage
'
Forms: Drsperse
Libermaru H A, fueeer' M'N{' and
2

Dosage-Forms K M Varghese
& Co N{umbai
) H:ri:"' ;,,f,I,*:.';',:;m:::",),,
AttltorgM.E.,Plwrmacettlics-Sctettc,,o{Do,og"no,y2"slg7l,ELBS/London. NY
4
and Ril., C.T tloden, Phor*oiertics Mscei Deltter tnc'
5 Banker, G.S. wiley & Sons NY
o.t[ Cosmetifl:
6. Jelline[ J.S rur-uiotiort and Frnctiori .Joh
1
Kotil.i,.P.S.DntgFormttlatiott}olalttnl.EasternPublishersNewDelhi.

4..5 PHA-R]\IACOLOGY - tr
3 hours/ week

2.
3.

13
ti Anti anqlnal
drues' Vaso dilators and
i arir*'hmrc
emra

e Platelet funcuon'

'crobial'
CfouI4r'
trloramPhenicol'
lcs'
of'
, ChemotheraPY
infections'
of Protozoal
asls
and Disinfectants'
,liceaSeS.
Ii€15turr-^'---' crr^lainthlaStS, /\lrtr r^--1- r\aroc rrSCd lO SfUr diS
:tilffi;;;y:'1:-TITS: hourJ week

bY:-
and Lignocaine
Procaine
rabbit)

ffrog)

otarod)

tl:":]t"" of their mode of action' ^ ^-


y ilrugs
and identifi*tl:n:l-:':'*ir mode of actton'
of theu mt
stine and identification

rat'
mPound in

cat - demonstrauon'
demonstra
dog' rat and
^-opsthetiSed
anaesthetised

rn
:^' rnalqesics'

prentice HaIl lnternationd'fics. popular


'^)i"ri,,i-"irheraPeutics'
I. Katarng B
Katarns B*.*1:il::'r'ffi1:tr;"i;
G "*:;handarker, S.D.
D'"'
and p.,*'-
tcs'.tlt
., Sasthokar' RS'
'ffi
Sasthokar, o il-lt Nerv York.
* Mumb-ai' n*:,')l;
;i",:,^,-acoton.chapman,&H*;X)fJi;"r,,"swrliamsandwilkins'
;rtfffl Principtes
irltttt
prakashan Mumbei' rt t-ananCology. Chapman ,o
). ;il;
Paur, L !:,:,pt":'#:#triy
4-- Herfndal,
?{Pt*:'1'Y
E.T. and tllrsetur'-5
-'- ' :;:I:tr'ffi!#
,9;:I:tr'ffi!#}'
theraP

_,.^tnctt)Churchill Livingstone'
New York' Cfinical P twmacologtChurchill
5- Laurence, D'K' and Bennet' P'N''
1{
4: 6 PHAR\L{CEUTICAL IN D U STRL{I }I.ANA GE J\I E NT

eory:Zhours/week
bank account' Bill of
Accountancy: principles of accountancv- Ledqers- balance sheet- Cheque-
notes and hundies documentary
exchange, treatment of cheques, bills of exchanQe, promissory
bills.
Economics: principles of economics wirh special rderence to Demand and Supply laws,
problenr, General conditions of
Demand schedule- demand qrrves, Labour distribution- l^abour
trade'Procedure for
tabour demand- Supply- Labour welfare- Trade unions- Inland and foreign
General - Fire and
export and Import oigoods- lnternarional trade- Principles of lnsurance-
MarinC Ir-surance.
pharmaceutical marketing. Functions; Buying- Selliry- Transportation- Storag:-.Ii1-T-
shop
Feed back information chlnnels of disuibution- Wholesale - Retail departmental-Multiple
and mail order business.
Siesmanship: principles of sales promotion, Advertising ethics of sales- Merchandisiog-
Literature, detailing iecruitr*t, Trainins. EvaJuation, Compensation to the
pharmacist'
Management: Ad.ministrative maragement: Planning organisation- stafldirecting and
controlling
- measures-in the
Operative managemenr: Anticipation of problems- Preventive
management of personnil, -aterial, finance. Irfarketing- time- space, marging morals-
trincfules of management. Co-ordination communicarion- motivation, decision makin&
leadershiil- Lnnorat-ion creatiriry- deleeation of authoriq', responsibility, record keeping
Identifica}pn of key points Nlarimum thrust for deveiopment and perfection.
4. Market resbarch:
(a) Measuring & forecasdnB market demands- ma-ior concept in demaad measurernent,
esrimating cunent-il.r..iid, geo-demographic ana.lvsis, estimating industry sa-les, market
sharelsifuture demand.
I

(b) Market le.ementation & market targeting


ftf"tlriAW-ugd*"nr: A brief exposure or basic principles of material management, major areuls,'
scope, purchase, stores inventory control and evaiuation of material management-
6. produciion Marngement: a brief exposure of the different aspects of production managemedt-
visible and invibible inputs, methodology of actir.ities, p"erformance evaluation technique, process
-
Ilow, process know. how, maintenance manaqement

s.N., ldvanrced Accountsncy. \rikas Publishing House, chennai.


House, Chennai' i
SaravanaVel,P.,, Entrepreneurial Developmerrl. Ess Pee Kay Publishing House'
3. Carl McDaniel Jr., Marketing., Harper & Row Publishitg New York
4. George R Terry, and Stephen C Er-t*ti, ., Principles of iu'[anagemenl., Richard d Irwin Inc'
Homewood , Illinois.
5. Jamer R. Evans., Applied Prductiott and Op tration lv'{anogemerl. West Publishing Co. NY-
6. Sher-lekar, S.A, Piiiciptes of Business Managemerrl., Flmalaya Publishing House Mumbai.
7. Selvatore, Microeconomics. Eastern Economv edition l-ow Price. Mumbai.

45
1: i P[L.{.R\L{.COLOG\'- UI
(Clilnical Pnarrnacv anC Therapeutics)

TheoL''' 2 hourJ week

I Cllinical Pharmao, Introductioq Pharmacists in therapeutics. Role of clinical pharmacists in


patient care, parient counseling and inten-iewing techniques, patient compliance, factors affecting
compliance
2. Drug information serv'ices: lntroductiorL sources o[informatioq evaluation ofjournal materia]
Storage and retrieval of information.
Clinical pharmacokinetics: General applications, Application to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.
Basic concepts- Volume distribution- Eliminatioq Absorption, Dosage regimens, Peak and
trough levels, interpretation of drug concentration data.
Clinical applications- Estimation of serum concentration of Digoxin, Theophylline, Gentamicin,
Lithiurn, Phenytoirg Cyclosporiq Creatinine clearance determination.
Dosage adjustments in reoal failure. Therapeutic drug monitoring- lndications for measuring
drugs in blood, choice of drugs to be monitored, Timinss of measurement, Measuring techniques
Drug interactions: Definitions, Epidemiology drugs involved in adverse drug interactions,
Mechanism of drug interactions, Drug- food interactions, Drug-laboratory test interactions, .
Analysis of prescriptions to detect drug interactions
Adverse drue reactions: Definition and classification- epidemiology, predisposing factors,
mechanism of adverse drug reactions- detection and monitorine of adverse drug reactions- Drug
excretion in milh Drugs in pregnancy
6. Prin{inles and goals of drug therap-v in children and in the elderly.
7 Desig(t of clinical trials, Knowledge of commonl-r'used medical terminologies- placebos,
prepariiion of drug piofiles.
8. lhannacotherapeutt_gg. Introductiorq epidemiologl'and therapeutics of the important disorders of
the the following organ systems and their manaqement.
CardiovlSQJar iisorders-Hypertension- Coneeitive heart failure- Angna- Acute MyocardiJl
infarction - Cardiac arrythmias.
- CNS discr&fS - Epilepsy and Parkinsonisrr Schizopkenia- Depression.
- Respiratory disease- Asthma.
-Gastrointestinal disoiders- Peptic ulcer- Lilcerative colitis- Hepatitis- Cirrhosis.
-Endocrine elltus thyroid disorders.
- Infieatious s- Urinary tract infection- Enteric infe.ction-Upper respiratory

connective tissue disorders- Rheumatic disease-Gout & Hlperuricemia-


-,.i.i. -, .
-
'
-Ni#phstic diseases-Acute leukaemias-Ho d-eliin' s d i sease and carcinoma of breast-
^r

9. Concept ofEssential drugs urd rational drug use

\
Books Recommended:
I .HerEndal, E.T and ffuschman, J.L., Clinical PharmacS'and Therapeutics Williams and Wlkins.
2. Katzung, 8.G., fu.sic andClinical PhormacologtPreotice Hall Internationals.
3. Winter, M.E. Basic Ctinicat Pharmacokineticsi Applied Therapeutics Inc. San Fransco-
4. Dip-co,J.L, Phomacotturqry: A pathological Approach- Elsevier.
5. Wagner, l.G. PtwnocoAilUcsjorhe Pharmaceutical Scientist. TechnomicPublishing, AGBasal
Switzerland :.
REI.I-RE\CE BOOKS

It is understood that the teachers \\ould foiiori and recommend the latest edition of the books Hence the
specific edition and year of publicaiion are omrtted

PHARMACEUNCS & ALUED SL,'BJEC'tS

I Cooper and Gunn's., "Tutoriol PhunacT"' S.J. Carter, Publishers, Delhi.


2. A.N. lvlartin, Arthur Cammarat4 Ja,res Swarbrick, "Physical phomaql" ,K_M. varghese &
Co. Mumbai .
3. B. Shonon, and K. Ridg*'ar', "Ph;,'stcol Pharmaceutics" Oxford University Press, London.
4. AR.Gennaro ( Ed.) "Remington's.Practice of Pharmaceutical Sciences ",.MackPublishing :rii
Co.P.A
5 Lachman- L ,Lieberman H A., and Kanig, J.L. , "Theory' & Practice of hdustrial phomaq"
Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
6. H.C Ansel, "Introduction to Pharmaceulical Dosage Forms", K M.Varghese & Co. Mumbai.
7. Cooper & Gunn's ' Dispensittg-[or Pharmaceutical Sruderls' S.J Carter, CBS Publishers, Delhi.
8. L w Dinefl., Sprov'l's American Pharmacy,',J & B Lippincoft Co., philadelphi4lg74.
9. E A Rarvlins,'Bentler,'s Text 3661 r,t[ Plrurmaceutics. ELBS / Bacilliere Tindall
l0 J.E. Hoover., 'Dispensing o_[ivledicauor', \,Iack Publishing co. Easton p.A.
II .'William E Hassan, 'Hosptal Plnrmacy', Lea & Febieer, philadelphia.
t2. b.s. ganker and c r. Rhodes ',\,luienr Pharmaceuttcs', Marcel Dekker Inc. Ny
l3 'R[wrmaceutical Dosage Forms antl Drug Delivery Sv'stems' Lea& Febiger
PhiJadelphia.
14. Turco and-R.E. Kin-q, "sterile Dosaee Forms " Lea & Febiger, philadelphia.
15. M. Chinion and R.L. witcofski, "i\-uclear Pharmaq;" Lea& Febiger philadelphia. - i

16. K.A. Cpnnors, G.L. Amiden and V.J Stella, "Chemical Stabitity o/ Pharmaceuticall', John.
Wiley &Sons, NY
17. H.S. Aulton 'Pharmaceurics- The Sctence of Dosage Form Desigtt', ELBS, Churchill
Livingstone.
18. J.T. Carstenson, "Dnrg Stabilit1,", irlarcel Dekker lnc, Ny.
-, 19' Sa-earin arid M.S. Balsarq "Cosmettc Science otd Technologl" Vol I to 3,
John Wlley and Sons, Ny.
J.S- Jellinek, "Formulatiort and.ifurrcrion o1[ Cosmencs" John wrJey & Sons Ny.
S.G. Thosseo 'i t Cosmetics" Universal Publishing Corporatiorq Mumbai.
H.S. BearL A and J.E. Carless. "Advorces in Pharmacetttical Sciences", Vol I to IV

25.

26- B'T- Loftus and Robert Nash "Pharmaceutical Process l alidation" Marcel Dekker Inc. NY.,
27. M.L. Schroff ',
28: E.W. Martin, .

30. Joell. Za4"Plwrmaceutical Calcularior I ,,


3l'
J,G Wagn er "Fundamentals of Clinicat Phomacokitteticf',Drug Intelligence Publications ,

Hamilton.
17
ll'

Oxlord Universtty Press Oxford'


1..-L Juliano
"Dntg DelrertJt'srcris pi,ni):oJoi,,,o,,,,- itt Inrodllctlo,l,.}vlarcel
)- t
.niopn.,,,oi;,,,.i,, o,,d
)) R E Notari
rNY
o' o h r rct i c s "' lu & F eb i g e

'"*,*: 3I1'l$ ;i )"'.' c


o

l4
t
" "' 1', :: "'
j5
l6 f"i^:l$:,v,,,:#!;;,yx'i;r";i;'yi';'i:l'#;:'*i'|'h'hingAGBaser
Switzerlihd,
)1 IfiloGbaldi,,Biopharmaceutics&ClulcalPharmacokinericl,Lea&Febiger Tablets-
ptriladelphia. "Pharmaceutical DosageJorms"
r p enht'artZ "Pharmace
o- J
& y'Sch*'artz
j8 H.A LieberrnarL L' Lachman N-Y
;;i , ;;i Marcel Deklier Inc r-l'?:*- "Phormaceuttc :at Dosageforms"
Parenrcral

KE. Avis, L. t:t#;;i


H
i9 '*'

4C W"Ts;fl 'f utltiilii'I,-,aceuilcatDosagerorms"-Disperse


,f;,xir*rrily""",1!"8i,'-?,i;#*go,wry-Fwdonenratsandappticotiont'
4! ,rf
.1 Press' N'Y' le87'
#jin:*:'4"*.,nic:t^th1:::iy::,::::i,fJJ"J,l[K[:i;i,T"Sa,nancisco
A Pecile, and Rescign o ,';"Pl*.!,:;;;:';;;;'pr"nutn
pno'io'"uticatl'' Marcel Dekker
4l ;Coa u''*1"'"''i{iio'ii'"'1o'
1A S H \\rilins, fv,
Ilc N.Y.

ily.,ffi I;;ff;li*,X'li;i,i',i1ff^;":;;:,';;*:;e'Ji""twe,Scien'rinc
45
16. Delhi'
Fublications'odord' ;eu"wu'r Publishingrrouse'
:euticals"' Narosa -'
["ffi;ile:, "Haru er Inc NY
11.
48. i!r.r C Welling and Fr Indore'
c' N'Y'
49 ir.i. eh*.ti,*brttgs
^sJ; B6iiorr-Pt.' aw Kogakusha
- Fnainec
50. "chemical Engtnee
fff';p, i-dH it'itton
i

51. ,, r, ---^-d-p,,ne London


Ltd' \.. :. ,,packagtng oJ cosmeic and Toitey':""-Newness-Bufierworth'
Publications
Gt{hensneY D-rug InteUig( ce
'52.
'53.
J.C.
nootZf E*i, P;:,;;;;kin-e,c.'
W.A Ritsc het,*Hand
1955' 3rd
LIamiIton, of pubrications' Delhi' lst edn'
!1, the controller
54. pturmacopoeia of lrdia,hrblished
.a" iges,4th edrua 1996'
"' -' tationery office, Universiry
PIT'London"
convention, Mack)ttb
Briti united States,n#.*oJeial
TIE
Co.,
'The
' Y::-:;tffi :rJ;ff :H3lffi ""*'icarPr"'l
'tla,s Extra PharmacoPoeta '
Pharinaceutical
L Association and Royal
Narional Fomrulary' Bntish lvledical
'
SocietY of :

61.
60.

62.
{trY{,#,o,^n ,,,H::f;ffill#ff"pubricatipq odorq

_-63.
&. dru
65.
'Microbiolog"'
6. 48
61 Lervin. Gene \',,.\ /tc.r ot,i olo..;,.
[3crryamrn \
68 Prescon
'uJwu(r aru
and Dunn. uteuSlrtol
r_,runn, lttdustrio[ ,lltc.rr.tit,,|
,]{tr.roir,,,' ,,... . \,1:
",\hcrobial lral Hill BOOk COmpant, InC.
69. Peppler. Technolog3,,.. \'ol i.,, II
70.
7t. i'fl|#]rl,X l*::;L;Tj::' \io _ 6_ :"':':'
t ose,,. ,,,u^,"':"'
,16 , UIU SII
r. \ ,E"ry,,eerrtts",Ururversitv
Vtrl orrokTo press .

72. P. f Star,du
I F. ::'5 ry.9:&,\
;).?,:,: lto
ch

Whjtaker, 1-,p
r
ee"ch.rie, *.itzertand
t t
I

rci,iples c,-/'i
e r_i

'tttat i
S

on Technologl,, pergamon press


Odcrd.
'73. Prrttctsttes Processes and produclt'',
i,i;,Yfrl ]:'r[ff::;:;'i;!;'''o" open university
74. G.Reeves, "Lecture Notes on Immurtotog,'
, Black well Scientific
-wMc pubtcations, odord. lgg1
75 G I. Jarerev. D A
Kiein -t'.rl,crobrorog,,' Borown pub[shers
5frrl**o*,
76 M. T. .i\tadi zen "Biorogr. o_f ,r,ricroorgontsn,, prentice Hail, New
J.3 ,ir".a Jersey

PHARAACOGA'OSY

Atal' c'K and Kapur, B.lu, Cultit'atiorr.and


L-rrli:atiott of tvedicinal plants,RRD,
Jammu.
and Zenti M'H ', Ptant Tisstte cultuie
and irc aiot."t n)ioli*t appticarions,
3ffiI; iX-qfd'E'
r'D. "|he Pracricot Lr atrnrion o.{ phyropharmaceuiicats.
|l|l[fi.T J;ffi: wrignt
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F u ndom e n a'
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Pracfical Organtc
Longmanl London " '
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Ltd' New Delhi
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and sons' New
Distributors
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Co. PhiladelPiria'
*- b"' g Design' Pergamon
Research
norr (N'ledicinal

hemiry and Biolog'bY C Hlnch

rk.
ork.

and ApplicorionYC$ '


fing Basic Principle

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