reVisiting the

computer
TECHNOLOGY!
Living in a Digital World
Objectives Overview

Discuss the advantages

Explain why computer Describe the five and disadvantages that
literacy is vital to components of a users experience when
success in today's world computer working with
computers

Discuss the uses of the Distinguish between

Internet and World system software and
Wide Web application software

2
Objectives Overview
Explain how home users,
small office/home office
Differentiate among types,
users, mobile users, power
sizes, and functions of
users, and enterprise users
computers in each category
each interact with
computers

Discuss how society uses

computers in education,
finance, government, health
care, science, publishing,
travel, and manufacturing

3
 A World of Computers
• Computers are everywhere

4
 What Is a Computer?
• A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions
stored in its own memory

Collects Produces
data Processing information
(input) (output)

Information Processing Cycle

5
What Is a Computer?

6
 The Components of a Computer
• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components
known as hardware
Input Device • Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Output Device • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that

System Unit are used to process data

Storage Device • Holds data, instructions, and information for future use

Communications • Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and

Device information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices

7
The Components of a Computer

8
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
Advantages of Disadvantages of
Using Computers Using Computers

Speed Violation of Privacy

Reliability Public Safety

Consistency Impact on Labor Force

Storage Health Risks

Communications Impact on Environment

9
 Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and
environmental waste generated when using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

10
Networks and the Internet

11
 Networks and the Internet
• People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

Communicate Research and Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading

Access Information

Entertainment Share Information Download Videos Web Application

12
 Networks and the Internet
• A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests,
ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users
– Also called an online social network

13
 Computer Software
• Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and
how to perform them

System Software
• Operating system
• Utility program

Application Software
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Windows
below Chapter 1
14
 Computer Software
• Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer,
printer, and other hardware

15
Computer Software
• A programmer develops
software or writes the
instructions that direct
the computer to process
data into information

16
Categories of Computers
Personal computers

Mobile computers and mobile devices

Game consoles

Servers

Mainframes

Supercomputers

Embedded computers

17
 Personal Computers
• A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and
storage activities by itself
• Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple
• Desktop computer

18
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Mobile Mobile
Computer Device
Personal computer you Computing device
can carry from place to small enough to hold in
place your hand

Examples include
Examples include
smart phones, PDAs,
notebook computers,
handheld computers,
laptop computers,
portable media
netbooks, and Tablet
players, and digital
PCs
cameras

19
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Notebook computer

Tablet PC

Smart phone

PDA
20
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Handheld computer

Portable media player

Digital camera
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Digital Cameras
below Chapter 1
21
 Game Consoles
• A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or
multiplayer video games

22
 Servers
• A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a
network
• Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

23
 Mainframes
• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle
hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

24
 Supercomputers
• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer
• Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion
instructions in a single second

25
 Embedded Computers
• An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a
component in a larger product

Consumer Electronics

Home Automation Devices

Automobiles

Process Controllers and Robotics

Computer Devices and Office

Machines
26
Embedded Computers

27
Examples of Computer Usage

Home User Small Office/Home Mobile User

• Personal financial management Office User • Connect to other computers on
• Web access • Look up information a network or the Internet
• Communications • Send and receive e-mail • Transfer information
• Entertainment messages • Play video games
• Make telephone calls • Listen to music
• Watch movies

28
Examples of Computer Usage

Power User Enterprise User

• Work with multimedia • Communicate among
• Use industry-specific employees
software • Process high volumes
of transactions
• Blog

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 1, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Enterprise
Computing below Chapter 1
29
Computer Applications in Society

Education
Finance
Government
Health Care
30
Computer Applications in Society

Science
Publishing
Travel
Manufacturing
31
 reVisiting the
A Fundamental
computer Combined
TECHNOLOGY!
Approach
Living in a Digital World
Objectives Overview

Explain the purpose of

Identify and briefly
Describe the types of a Web browser and
describe various
Internet access identify the
broadband Internet
providers components of a Web
connections
address

Describe how to use a

search engine to search Describe the types of
for information on the Web sites
Web

33
Objectives Overview
Recognize how Web
pages use graphics, Identify the steps
animation, audio, video, required for Web
virtual reality, and plug- publishing
ins

Explain how e-mail,

mailing lists, instant
Identify the rules of
messaging, chat rooms,
netiquette
VoIP, FTP, and newsgroups
and message boards work
34
 The Internet
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of
businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and
individuals

35
The Internet
• The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969
and had two main goals:

Allow scientists at
Function even if part of
different physical
the network were
locations to share
disabled or destroyed
information and work
by a disaster
together

36
The Internet
1986 NSF
connects
NSFnet to
1969 ARPANET and
ARPANET becomes 1996
becomes known as the Internet2 is
functional Internet founded

1984 1995 NSFNet Today More

ARPANET has terminates than 550
more than its network million hosts
1,000 on the connect to
individual Internet and the Internet
computers resumes
linked as status as
hosts research
network

37
 The Internet
• Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed
broadband Internet service

Fiber to
Cable Cellular Satellite
the Fixed
Internet DSL Wi-Fi Radio Internet
Premises wireless
service Network Service
(FTTP)

38
The Internet

An access provider is a business

that provides individuals and
organizations access to the
Internet free or for a fee

39
The Internet
Wireless Internet
ISP (Internet Online service
service provider
service provider) provider (OSP)
(WISP)
Regional ISPs Provides wireless
provide Internet Has many members- Internet access to
access to a specific only features computers and
geographical area mobile devices

National ISPs Popular OSPs include

provide Internet AOL (America May require a
access in cities and Online) and MSN wireless modem
towns nationwide (Microsoft Network)

40
The Internet

41
 The Internet
• An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device
connected to the Internet
• A domain name is the text version of an IP address
• Top-level domain (TLD)

42
The Internet

43
 The World Wide Web
• The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic
documents (Web pages)
• A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items
• A Web server is a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your
computer
• Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact

44
The World Wide Web
• A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web
pages and Web 2.0 programs

Internet
Firefox Opera
Explorer

Google
Safari
Chrome

45
The World Wide Web

46
 The World Wide Web
• A home page is the first page that a Web site displays
• Web pages provide links to other related Web pages
• Surfing the Web
• Downloading is the process of receiving information

47
 The World Wide Web
• A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address

48
 The World Wide Web
• Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single
Web browser window

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 2, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Tabbed Browsing
below Chapter 2
Page 52 Discovering Computers and Microsoft Office 2007 49
Figure 2-7 Chapter 2
 The World Wide Web
• Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories

Search Subject
engine directory
Classifies Web
Finds information
pages in an
related to a
organized set of
specific topic
categories
50
The World Wide Web

51
 The World Wide Web
• A search engine is helpful in locating items such as:

Images Videos Audio News

People or
Maps Blogs
Businesses

52
The World Wide Web

53
 The World Wide Web
• There are thirteen types of Web sites

Portal News Informational Business/Marketing

Blog Wiki Online Social Educational

Network
54
The World Wide Web

Entertainment Advocacy Web

Application

Content Personal
Aggregator
55
Video: Tell Your Stories via Vlog

CLICK TO START

56
 The World Wide Web
• Information presented on the
Web must be evaluated for
accuracy
• No one oversees the content of
Web pages

57
 The World Wide Web
• Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with:

58
 The World Wide Web
• A graphic is a digital
representation of nontext
information
• Graphic formats include BMP, GIF,
JPEG, PNG, and TIFF
• A thumbnail is a small version of a
larger graphic

59
 The World Wide Web
• Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still
images in sequence

60
 The World Wide Web
• Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound
– Compressed to reduce file size
• You listen to audio on your computer using a player
• Streaming is the process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow
• Video consists of full-motion images that are played back at various speeds
• Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined
environment that appears as a three-dimensional space

61
The World Wide Web

62
 The World Wide Web
• A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser

63
 The World Wide Web
• Web publishing is the development and maintenance of Web pages

Analyze
Maintain
Plan a and Create a Deploy a
a Web
Web site design a Web site Web site
site
Web site

64
 E-Commerce
• E-commerce is a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network
• Anyone with access to a computer or mobile device, an Internet connection, and a
means to pay for purchased goods or services can participate in e-commerce

65
E-Commerce
Business-
to-
consumer
(B2C)

E-commerce
Business- Consumer-
to- to-
business consumer
(B2B) (C2C)

66
E-Commerce

67
 Other Internet Services
• E-mail is the transmission of
messages and files via a computer
network
• An e-mail program allows you to
create, send, receive, forward,
store, print, and delete e-mail
messages

68
Other Internet Services

69
 Other Internet Services
• A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name
• Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address
• Unsubscribing removes your name

70
 Other Internet Services
• Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service

71
 Other Internet Services
• A chat is a real-time typed
conversation that takes place on a
computer
• A chat room is a location on an
Internet server that permits users
to chat with each other

72
 Other Internet Services
• VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users
to speak to other users over the
Internet
• Also called Internet telephony
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is
permits file uploading and
downloading

73
 Other Internet Services
• A newsgroup is an online area in
which users have written
discussions about a particular
subject
• Typically requires a newsreader
• A message board is a Web-based
type of discussion group

74
 Netiquette
• Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior

75
Summary

Browsing, navigating,
History and structure of searching, Web
World Wide Web
the Internet publishing, and
e-commerce

Other Internet services: e-

mail, instant messaging,
chat rooms, VoIP, FTP, and Rules of netiquette
newsgroups and message
boards

76
 reVisiting the
A Fundamental Combined
computer
Approach
TECHNOLOGY!
Living in a Digital World
Objectives Overview

Identify the four Describe

categories of characteristics of a
application software user interface

Identify the key Identify the key

features of widely features of widely
used business used graphics and
programs multimedia programs
78
Objectives Overview
Identify the key
features of widely used Discuss Web
home, personal, and applications
educational programs

Identify the types of

Describe the learning
application software
aids available for
used in
application software
communications

79
 Application Software
• Application software consists of programs designed to make users more
productive and/or assist with personal tasks

To make business activities more efficient

To assist with graphics and multimedia projects

To support home, personal, and educational tasks

To facilitate communications
80
Application Software

81
 Application Software
• Available in a variety of forms:

Packaged Custom Web

software software application

Open source
Shareware Freeware
software

Public-domain
software

82
 Application Software
• System software serves as the interface between the user, the application
software, and the computer’s hardware
• Utility programs

83
Application Software

84
 Business Software
• Business software is application software that assists people while performing
business activities

Word
Spreadsheet Database Presentation
Processing

Personal Business Business

Note taking information software for software
manager phones suites

Project Document Enterprise

Accounting
management management computing

85
 Business Software
• Word processing software allows
users to create and manipulate
documents
• Clip art is a collection of
electronic drawings, photos, and
other images

86
 Business Software
• Developing a document

Edit a
• Enter text and document • Change appearance
numbers • Font
• Insert images • Make changes to
existing content • Font size
• Perform other
documents • Inserting, deleting,
cutting, copying, and
pasting
Create a Format a
document document

87
 Business Software
• Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data in rows and columns and
perform calculations

88
 Business Software
• Charting depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form

89
 Business Software
• A database is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access,
retrieval, and use of that data
• Database software allows users to create, access, and manage a database

90
 Business Software
• Presentation software allows
users to create visual aids for
presentations to communicate
ideas, messages, and other
information to a group

91
 Business Software
• Note taking software is application software that enables users to enter typed
text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page

92
 Business Software
• A software suite is a collection of individual programs available together as a
unit
• A personal information manager (PIM) is application software that includes

Appointment Address
Notepad
calendar book

93
Business Software
Project management software allows a user to plan,
schedule, track, and analyze the events, resources, and
costs of a project

Accounting software helps companies record and report

their financial transactions

Document management software provides a means for

sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by
converting them into a format that can be viewed by any
user

94
 Business Software
• Enterprises typically require special computing solutions for various functional
units

Human
Accounting Engineering Manufacturing
resources

Customer
Marketing Sales Distribution
service

Information
technology

95
Graphics and Multimedia Software

96
Graphics and Multimedia Software
Computer-aided design
(CAD) software

Desktop publishing
software

Paint/Image editing
software
97
Graphics and Multimedia Software
Professional photo
editing software

Video and audio editing

software

Multimedia authoring
software
98
Video: MediaCell Video Converter

CLICK TO START

99
 Graphics and Multimedia Software
• Web page authoring software helps users of all skill levels create Web pages
that include multimedia and interactive content

100
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational
Use
Personal finance software

Legal software

Tax preparation software

101
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational
Use
Personal DTP software

Personal paint/image editing

software
Personal photo editing
software
102
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational
Use
Clip art/image gallery

Video and audio editing

software

Home design/landscaping
software
103
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational
Use
Travel and mapping software

Reference software

Educational software

Entertainment software
104
 Web Applications
• A Web application (Web app) is a Web site that allows users to access and
interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the
Internet

105
Web Applications

106
Application Software for Communications

Web Browser E-Mail Instant Messaging Chat Room

Text, Picture, Video Newsgroup/Message

RSS Aggregator Blogging
Messaging Board

VoIP (Internet
FTP Video Conferencing
Telephony)

107
 Learning Tools for Application Software
• Online Help is the electronic
equivalent of a user manual
• You can ask a question or access
the Help topics in subject or
alphabetical order

108
 Learning Tools for Application Software
• Web-based training is a type of
CBT that uses Internet technology
and consists of application
software on the Web
• Distance learning (DL) is the
delivery of education at one
location while the learning takes
place at other locations

109
Summary
How to start and interact with
application software
Web applications
Overview of a variety of
business software, graphics
and multimedia software, and
home/personal/educational
software, and communications
software
Learning tools for application
software
110