Printers

Asfandyar(SE120182065)
Printers
Introduction
 In computing, a printer is a peripheral device.
 Printer take data from computer and generates output in the form of graphics / text on a paper.
 Printers are very useful in our daily life.
 The first computer printer was designed by Charles Babbage in the 19th century.
 The first electronic printer was the EP-101, invented by Japanese company Epson and release in
1968.
 The first commercial printers are used mechanism from electric typewriters and Teletype machines.
 In 1980s, daisy-wheel printers are used.
 The introduction of the low-cost laser printer in 1984 with the first HP LaserJet.
 Next year the printer Apple LaserWriter was introduced.

Uses of printers
 Printers are used in almost every field of life.
 These are used in offices, banks, schools, colleges and universities etc.
 Printers are very helpful in our daily life.

Explanation
 PC printers can be distinguish as impact and non-impact printers.
 Early impact printers worked like an automatic typewriter.
 Printers are resident fonts and soft fonts to print documents.
 Resident fonts cannot be erased unlike soft fonts.
 The language of printer are commands from the computer to the printer.
 These commands manage font size, graphics, compression of data sent to the printer, color, etc.
 The two most popular printer languages are Postscript and Printer Control Language.
 The most common I/O interface for printers has been the parallel Centronics interface.
 Printer resolution is usually measured in dots per inch (dpi).
 The speed of printer is very important for too much using.
 Inexpensive printers print only about 3 to 6 sheets per minute.
 Color is important for users who need to print pages.

Types of printer
 Inkjet Printer
 Laser Printer
 Daisy-wheel Printer
 Dot-matrix Printer
 Line Printer
 Drum Printer
 Chain Printer

Inkjet Printer
 Inkjet printers are the most commonly used type of printer.
 The concept of inkjet printing originated in the 20th century.
 Ink-jet printer works in the form of images or characters with little dots.
 Ink-jet printers form characters on paper by spraying ink from tiny nozzles.
 Inkjet printer produces approximately 250 characters in one second.
 One or more nozzles in the print head emit a steady stream of ink drops.
 Droplets of ink are electrically charged after leaving the nozzle.
 If we want to replace on color, we must replace all the colors.
 These printers produce less noise.
 The print of this printer is better quality with greater speed.

Fig:1-Ink-jet printer[1]
Fig:2-Inkjet Printers process[2]

Fig:3- Diagram of a continuous inkjet printing process[3]

Laser Printer
 A laser printer works like a photocopy machine.
 Produces clear words and pictures by using laser beams.
 Laser printers produce images on paper by directing a laser beam at a mirror which bounces the
beam onto a drum.
 The drum has a special coating on it to which toner (an ink powder) sticks.
 Using patterns of small dots, a laser beam conveys information from the computer to a positively
charged drum to become neutralized.
 Then the toner detaches.
 Laser printers use buffers that store an entire page at a time.
 When a whole page is loaded, it will be printed.
 The speed of laser printers is high.
 This printer print quietly without producing much noise.
 Laser printers can print eight pages per minute, but faster and print approximately 21,000 lines per
minute.
 Or 437 pages per minute if each page contains 48 lines.
 This printer prints high-quality quality graphics & text.
 Laser printers produce high-quality output.
 They are also capable to produce color prints.
Fig:4-Laser Printer[4]
Fig:5-Working mechanism of Laser Printer[5]

Daisy-wheel Printers
 Daisy-wheel printers are used to get good quality of type found on typewriters.
 It is called daisy-wheel printer because the print mechanism looks like a daisy.
 Its speed is slow typically 25-55 characters per second.
 Fig:6-Daisy-wheel printer

Fig:7-Working mechanism of Daisy-Wheel Printer[7]

Fig:8-XEROX DIABLO 630 Daisy Wheel[8]

Dot-matrix Printer
 The dot-matrix printer uses print heads containing from 9 to 24 pins.
 These pins produce patterns of dots on the paper to form the individual characters.
 The 24 pin dot-matrix printer produces more dots that a 9 pin dot-matrix printer.
 The result results is much better,quality and clearer characters.
 Dot-matrix printers are inexpensive.
 The printer print at speeds of 100-600 characters per second.
Fig:9-Dot-matrix printer[9]

Fig:10-Working mechanism of Dot-Matrix printer[10]

Line Printer
 Line printer is an impact printer
 Line printers are used for business purpose.
 These printers are very fast.
 This printer print whole line at once.
 They can typically print the range of 1,200 to 6,000 lines per minute.
 Drum, chain, and band printers are line-at-a-time printers.
 Line printers print the full width of the page
 This printer is low in cost and more durable as compared to other printers.
 They are especially well suited to industrial environments.
 The print quality is mostly low and they cannot print graphics.
 Line printers are very noisy while operating.

Fig:11-Line Matrix printer[11]

Fig:12- IBM 1403 line printer, the classic line printer of the mainframe era[12]

Drum Printers
 An older form of printer that is now considered obsolete was called a “drum printer”
 A newer kind of drum printer is a laser printer.
 The drum receives an image from the laser and transfers it onto the paper.
 The drum is coated with photoreceptor materials.
 A drum printer consists of a solid, cylindrical drum.
 The number of print positions across the drum equals the number available on the page.
 This number typically ranges from 80-132 print positions.
 The drum rotates at a rapid speed.
 The time required to print the entire line is fast.
 The speed of drum printers are in the range of 300 to 2000 lines per minute.
Fig:13-Drum Printer[13]

Fig:14-Working mechanism of Drum Printer[14]

Refrences
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkjet_printing#/media/File:INKJET-PRINTER-INDUSTRI.gif
 https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/printer
 https://gom.com.au/blog/types-of-printers-and-its-perfect-uses/
 http://www.byte-notes.com/
 https://www.techopedia.com/definition/3608/line-printer
 https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/line-matrix-printer-6805-13436337997.html
 https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/p/printer.htm
 https://techterms.com/definition/printer
 https://www.encyclopedia.com/science-and-technology/computers-and-electrical-
engineering/computers-and-computing/printers-equipment
 https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/printer

Pictures Refrences
 1.[[https://www.google.com/search?q=inkjet+printer&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=ln
ms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwix5cfsjJzfAhVMURoKHcOrBfYQ_AUIDigB#imgrc=uzIEX
QxYw_ZxwM:.]
 2.[ [https://www.google.com/search?q=inkjet+printer+process&hl=en-
PK&authuser=0&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=0a
hUKEwiI5dScjpzfAhVBxpAKHX6BDAsQ_AUIDigB#imgrc=BhqNnoCP_P729M:.]
 3.[ [https://www.google.com/search?q=inkjet+printer+process&hl=en-
PK&authuser=0&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=0a
hUKEwiI5dScjpzfAhVBxpAKHX6BDAsQ_AUIDigB#imgrc=AzqZ5YgvnvONAM:.]
 4.[https://www.google.com/search?q=laser+printer&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=lnms
&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj19vfEoJzfAhVM_qQKHUdQA_EQ_AUIDigB&biw=988&bih
=620#imgrc=jRgrKJtcx2v7BM:]
 5.[https://www.google.com/search?q=mechanism+of+laser+printer&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK82
0&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjch6_m4Z7fAhU0rHEKHe1eBVMQ_AUIDigB
#imgrc=7JnCz2CuID1vxM:.]
 6.[ https://www.google.com/search?q=daisy-
wheel+printers&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEw
jTnOKDzZ7fAhUuQhUIHZdmALkQ_AUIDigB#imgrc=tq48ByHwVw39VM:.]
 7.[https://www.google.com/search?q=mechanism+of+daisy+wheel+printer&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK8
19PK820&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjux6eE457fAhUtXhUIHUlDCgsQ_AUI
DigB&biw=1097&bih=688#imgrc=OhADRY3fFTigsM:.]
 8.[https://www.google.com/search?q=daisy-
wheel+printers&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEw
jTnOKDzZ7fAhUuQhUIHZdmALkQ_AUIDigB#imgrc=gaUZEGXr1ycreM:.]
 9.[https://www.google.com/search?q=dot+matrix+printer&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source
=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjqtuun0J7fAhVOUhoKHdzvCaQQ_AUIDigB&biw=1097
&bih=688#imgrc=mH42AQlEZzvBAM:.]
 10.[https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&biw=1097&bih=688&tbm=is
ch&sa=1&ei=2UQTXJbUJ4HhxgPP2YSADA&q=mechanism+of+dot+matrix+printer&oq=mechani
sm+of+dot+matrix+printer&gs_l=img.3..0i24.127139.131492..133237...0.0..0.994.7228.2-
2j3j1j4j3......0....1..gws-wiz-img.......0i8i7i30.VEjo0kyDofg#imgrc=w4IJcwLo3ZwUhM:.]
 11.[https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=line+printer&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=ln
ms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4zqzF0p7fAhVdSxUIHUgtA80Q_AUIDigB&biw=988&bih
=571#imgrc=hLBphATdxnIumM:.]
 12.[https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=line+printer&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=ln
ms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4zqzF0p7fAhVdSxUIHUgtA80Q_AUIDigB&biw=988&bih
=571#imgrc=3RoRKThFszZGQM:.]
 13.[https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=drum+printer&hl=en-
PK&authuser=0&rlz=1C1NDCM_enPK819PK820&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=0a
hUKEwjOy5Wt057fAhWrUBUIHdZJDI0Q_AUIDigB#imgrc=bBOJ621soQEolM:.]
 14.[https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/42019/drum-printer.]