COMPUTER FUNDAMENTAL

Abbreviation of computer:

C=commonly
O=operating
M=machine
P=particularly
U=used for
T=trading [business]
E=education
R=research and development
Charles’s Babbage Babbage Engine
Define computer?

Computer is an electronic device which can accepts the data

from the user process them and give results after performing
the particular task. In the year 1867 Charles Babbage
developed the first digital computer known as analytical engine
also known as difference engine. He was called as a father of
computer because he has developed the technology of binary
system.

Advantages of Computer:
1. Easy for communication
2. Entertainment
3. Used in business
4. Marketing
5. Easy for information technology
6. Security

DISADVANTAGE:

1. Health problem
2. Laziness

FEATURES OF COMPUTER:
1. Speed
2. Accuracy
3. Storage capacity
4. Automation
GENERATION OF COMPUTER:

1. First Generation [1946 – 1955] [Vacuum Tubes]

2. Second Generation [1956-65] [Transistors and diod]

3. Third Generation [1966-1975] Integrated Circuit VLSI & LSI]

4. Fourth Generation [1976-1985] [Micro Technology introduced]

5. Fifth Generation [1985–2002] [Software voice recognizing soft]

6. Sixth Generation [2002 – Till date] [Artificial Intelligence]

TYPES OF DEVICE
1. Input Device
2. Output Device
3. Processing Device

1. Input Device
a. Keyboard: Main input device, divided into 4 parts -Type writing keys,numlock
keys function keys and special keys.

Classification Of Keyboard

a. Standard keyboard [102 keys]

b. Multimedia Keyboard [104]
c. Multimedia cum Internet [109]

2. Mouse : An alternative input device to the keyboard also known as

the pointer device.

Classification of Mouse

1. Standard mouse [left and right button]

2. Scroll mouse[left ,right and scrolled]
3. Optic mouse[left,right,scroller and laser beam]

3. Scanner, mike etc..

3. Output Device
Printers
Classification of Printer
1. Impact printer
a. Dot Matrix printer
b. Daisy Wheel printer
2. None Impact Printer
1. Laser Printer
2. Desk jet
3. Offset printer[used in dtp]
Monitor
 1. CRT monitors
2. LCD [Liquid Crystal Display]
3. Flatter
4. LED Monitors
b. Plotter

C.P.U [CENTERAL PROCESSING UNIT]: CPU is also called as the heart of the computer
it is divided into three parts
MEMO
1. Memory unit UNIT
2. Control unit
3. Arithmetic and logical unit [ALU] Input Device Output
CONTROL
Device
UNIT
Control unit : it will control the complete the system
ALU
ALU : it will do mathematical operation in our process. Arithmetic &
Logical unit]
Memory: it stores the data
it is divided into two parts
a. Primary memory or volatile memory
b. Secondary memory or non volatile memory

1. Primary memory: it is divided into two parts

a. RAM [Random access memory]: it stores the data till the power is on
b. ROM [Read only memory] : it stores the data depend on the operating system

2. Secondary Memory : it stores the data till the user erase the information e.g. hard
disk, floppy disk, cd [compact disk], DVD [digital versatile disk] .pen drives, chip set
etc

9
UNITS OF THE MEMORY

4 bits = 1 nibble
8 bits = 1 byte i.e. one character
1 KB [Kilo byte] = 1024 bytes
1 MB [Mega bytes=1024 X 1024
1 GB [Giga bytes= 1024 X 1024 X 1024
1 TB= 1024 x 1024 x 1024 x 1024
Note: a bit stands for binary digit i.e. 0 for off and 1 for on

Storage of the memory:

Removable device:
1. Floopy disk : 1.44mb
2. Cd : 700mb
3. Dvd : 4.7gb
4. Pen drives : 16gb*
5. Memory card : 16gb*
6. External harddisk: 1tb*

Non- removable device:

Harddisk(Winchester disk) – 500gb*
 Define software:
Software is an interface between user and the computer
Types of software
1. System software
2. Application software
1. System software: it is divided into three types
a) language/translator b) operating system c) utility programming package
1. Language: it is the media of communication it of two types
1. High level language: these are the language which we can understand. E.g.: COBOL
(common business oriented language), basic (beginners all purpose symbolic
instructions code) etc

2. Low level language: These are those languages which computer can understand. It is of
two types
1. Assembly language
2. Machine language

1. Assembly language: Is in coded format known as ASCII cod (American standard code
for information interchange) it is 0 to 255 numbers

First Lady Programmer

Lady Ada Augusta Lovelona she has developed the technologies
of ASCII [American Standard code for information
interchange] i.e. 0 to 255 complete keyboard.
A-Z : 65-90
a-z : 97-122
0-9 : 48-57

2. Machine language: It is also called as a binary language i.e. 0 and 1 i.e. 0 is for off and 1
for on.

Translator: It is an interaction between the high level language and the low level
language. It is of two types 1. Interpreter 2. Compiler

1. Interpreter: it converts the source code to object code line by line used in O/S
2. Compiler: It converts the source code to object code at the time of executing the
program e.g.: ‘c’ language.

2. Operating system: It is interface between the hardware and software .it is of four types
1. Single user single task e.g. Ms-dos developed in 1980 official declaration 1982
2. Single user multitask e.g. Ms-windows 1995
3. Multi user multi task e.g. Unix(1970) or Linux(2001)
4. Multi user single task e.g. O/s 2 used in servers

3. Utility programming packages: It is used to develop application software’s. E.g. Visual

basic
2. Application software’s: It is of two types 1. General purpose computer 2. Special
purpose computer
1. General purpose computer: is common for all also called as universal recognized
software eg word, excel etc
2. Special purpose computer: is common software eg billing system, management system.

ASSIGNMENTS ON FUNDAMENTAL
1. Father of computer is _____________
2. Output displayed on the printer is called __________
3. Founder of keyboard is _____________
4. Types of operating system are of ____________
5. GIGO stands for _________________
6. Which device is used as an alternative input device__________
7. How many types of computers are present________
8. Which device is the important device for storage _________
9. Hardisk can also called as _____________
10. General purpose software can also be called as ________
11. ASCII stands for ____________
12. An operating system in an interface between ______
13. Binary language means _______ and _________
14. Computer and its parts are called __________
15. Temporary memory is also called as _____________
16. The company developed by Abacus is _____ called now as __________
17. The unit of measurement of the memory is _________
18. The storage capacity of CD is ______
19. The technical term for DVD is _________
20. ASCII codes are of how many types ____
 MS-DOS
DOS: Dos stands for disk operating system it was developed inThe year 1980 with
the help of Dennis Ritchie founder of ‘c’ language.It supports the type of interface
is CLI [Command line interface] and Classified under single user single task .

File :

A file is used to store the Information in dos

a file is divided into Two parts
1. Primary file: It contains Maximum 8 characters
2. Secondary File contains maximum three characters
e.g. Command.com
where command is the primary file and com is the Secondary file.

Directory: a directory stores the files And is represented by <DIR> in dos.

To create a directory we use MD [Making a directory],
CD[Changing the directory],
RD[removing the directory]

Difference between the file and the directory

1. A file stores the information but a directory stores the files

2. A file can occupy the space but a directory doesn’t occupy.
3. A file is represented by file extension but a directory <DIR>

Types of management in operating system

1. Disk management [format,leabel] etc
2. Directory management [md,rd,cd]etc
3. File management [copy,ren etc]

Types of commands in ms-dos

1. Internal commands: This command can be executed at the time of
Booting process
2. External command: These commands can be used for particular task.
Internal Commands:

1. Cls[To clear the screen ]

2. Date[Display date mm-dd-yy] from 1980 onwards
3. Time[display time hh:mm:ss:ms 24hrs]
4. ver[version of the operating system]
5. vol[volume label and the number]
6. copy con <filename.txt> : create a file “con” means consol keyboard
7. del/erase : to remove the file temp or permanent
8. ren[renaming a file ]
9. copy file1+file2+file3… file.txt[merging file]
10. md[making a directory]
11. cd[changing a directory]
12. rd[removing a directory]
13. type <filename.txt> [display content of the text file]
14. type <filename.txt> > prn[printing a file to printer]
15. dir[Display information recorded or reported with option]

External commands

1. Attrib[create a file mode to +r [read only] –h[hide]

2. Format command[clear the data]
3. more

ASSIGNMENT FOR DOS

1. Dos developed by ___________

2. Command to display the files in bare format is _______
3. Filter commands in dos is called __________
4. Command to display directory only
5. Hide the file and also make read only
6. Which command is used to print the file
7. which command is used to display long files full screen
8. Which command is used in dos to display directory hierarchal structure
9. Which command in dos displays all the files and subdirectory at a time
10. Which command is used to display the file page wise
11. which command is used to create a file
12. Which command is used to display the contents of the file
13. which command is used to merge the text files
14. Which command is used to clean the hard disk
15. Which command is used to create a directory
16. which command is used to move to parent directory
17. which command is used to delete the files
18. Which command is used to display the files in small letter
19. How to store the list of directory information into a file
20. which command is used to rename a file or directory

-
 WINDOWS

A Window is in rectangular shape. It can be maximized. Minimize and Restore you can able
to interface the Applications or programmers. It is year 1995’s window s developed by the
Microsoft of U.S.A (Bill gates) the chairman of Microsoft Corporation .It is classified under
single user Multi task operating system. The type of interface windows support is (G.U.I)
Graphical User Interface.

Common features of the window: -

1. Multi media facility is available.
2. Internet facility is available
3. Networking facility is available.
4. Use of my Computer
5. Use of ReCycle-bin.
6. Network neighborhood Facility is available
7. Long file name- up to 255 characters.

Advance features of Windows:

1 .High level security system

2. Enhance picture and sound quality
3. Plug and play technology
4. Video creation

Technical terms of Window: -

1. Task list: - When you click the left button of the mouse on the start button then it
displays a list known as task list.
2. Desk top: - Windows back ground is known as Desk top
3. Task bar: - At the bottom of the screen it displays a bar known as task bar in this bar
it displays start button identification area
4. Embedding process: - Cut copy and paste is called embedding process
5. Clip Board: - Whenever we use the command copy or cut then it stores the
information is to memory known as clipboard.
6. Drag and Drop: - When Ever we hold the file picture or the text with left button of the
mouse and try to move then that process is known as dragging and we release the
button then are called dropping.

PAINT BRUSH

Paint Brush: - Paintbrush is classified under graphics package. With this package you can
able to perform the following tasks.

1. Editing or creating pictures.

2. Sending the picture as a background.
3. Screen capturing
4. Importing & exporting

Note: - BMP [Bit map picture]

Steps for accessing paint brush

 Click on start button select program group.
Select accessories select paint or start>Run>PBRUSH.

TOOLS OF PAINT BRUSH: -

Free-form select tool: - using this tool you can cut the object in any user defined shape.
Select tool: -This tool is used to cut the object in rectangular or square shape.
Eraser or Color Eraser: - This tool is use. To erase the picture or the object with different
back ground color or default background color.Fill with colour: - Using this tool you can
able to fill the object with different colour. Magnifier: - using this tool to you can zoom
(enlarge) the object.
Note: - Press control page-up for zoom out
pencil: - it is use to sketch
Brush tool: - This tool is used for spray painting
text tool (A): - with this tool you can type the test

Tips for paintbrush: -

To change the background color right clicks with mouse after placing the mouse pointer
towards the color palate.
Click with left button to change foreground color.
To draw straight lines, circles or squares hold
the shift button and the left button of the mouse.
(2) Use windings for to insert the symbols use
Impact paint for captions.

How to save the file?

The saving of the file there are several methods

1. My Document
2. Desk top
3. pen drive
4. New folder

1. My Document: - Under my document all the users normally saves the file By default
the file can be save under my document

2. Desktop: - It is a separate work area where you can save the file it can display on the
screen.
3. ‘C’ Drive: - It is the main root directory you can save the file.
4. Pen drive: - an external storage location
5. New Folder: - It is the separate location in drive where we can store the files.

Steps for creating folder: -

i) Click on file option
ii) Select save or save as sub-option.
iii) Click on new folder from the toolbar
iv) Type the name of the folder & press enter two time to save and open.
v) Type the file name & press Enter key to save

Different between save and save as:-

Save command is use to save the current file but save as command is use to save the file
with new name.
 Open the file: -
Press ctrl+o or Click on file option select open then select the folder double click with
left button to open then select the file and click on open .

Steps for deleting files or folders: -

i) Click on file option,

ii) Select open
iii) Select the file or folder
iv) Press delete key from the keyboard.
v) To delete the file temporarily if you press the shift button and the delete key from
the keyboard than it deletes permanently.
Renaming A File: -

i) Select the file or folder

ii) Right click with mouse or press f2 key from the keyboard
iii) Select rename
iv) Type the file name
v) Press the enter key.

Steps for saving the picture as background

i) Click on file Option select set as wallpaper centered after saving the file.
Steps for removing a Picture back ground:-
ii) Place the mouse pointer towards the right click with mouse select properties
Select back ground: - Select none option under background sub-option click on apply
button press ok button.

Steps for exporting the pictures: - (Copy to)

1. Create the Picture
2. Select the picture using select tool
3. Click on edit option under main
4. Select copy to sub-option
5. Type the file name
6. Click on save button

Steps for importing files :-( Paste form)

1. Click on edit option from the main menu.
2. Select paste form sub-option
3. Select the fail name
4. Click on open button
Note: - Copy to command and send the particular area in to the location.
I) The paste form command merges the select the file into another file.

Screen Capturing: -

i) Click on print screen key from the key board

ii) Click on edit option select paste sub-option press enter key

Page Set-Up Option: -

Using this option you can able to set the page with page orientation. (Land scope or
partridge)
 Page orientation, merging settings (right margined, left margined, top margined button
margin)
i) Cut command moves the data from the source location and can be pasted in to
another location.
ii) Copy command is use to create a duplicate copy or data and can be pasted into
another location.
Note: - Paste command retries the data from the memory.
When ever you use the cut or copy command than it stores the data into the memory
known as click board.

WORD PAD

Word pad is classified under word processing package

with this package you can able to design the Document using.

1. Alignment
2. Inserting Pictures
3. Line Spacing
4. Test attributes (Bold, Italic, Under line)
Note: - The file extension for word pad is DOC means Document file.

Steps For Opening The Word Pad

1st Method
i) Start > Programs > Accessories>Word pad press enter

2nd method
ii) Start>Run>Wordpad (press enter)

Indenting (Margin Settings)

Indenting is use to set the margined for active Documents. You can set the margins
for each and every page.

Types of indents: -
1. Left Margins (Left indent)
2. Right Margin (Right Indent)
3. Paragraph Margin (First line Indent)
Note: - If the ruler line is not available then it on View option from the main Manu select
ruler.

Steps for setting Indent: -

i) Place the mouse painter towards the left Indent, which is on the ruler line and
drag, and drug towards right side to set the left margined.
ii) Apply to same technic to set the right

Steps for line spacing: -

i) Type the text select the text

ii) Press control + (singled line space)
iii) Ctrl+2 (Double line space)
iv) Ctrl+5 (One and Half space)
 To set the margin format > Paragraph.
Alignment: -
1. Left align (Ctrl+ L)
2. Right align (Ctrl+ R)
3. Center align (Ctrl+E)
Some times the margin is out of control then check the option under ‘view ‘-option’’
View>option. Sub option-wrap the ruler line.

Steps for setting the left margin: -

Place the mouse painter to wards the left indent and drag and drop
Note: - Apply the same Techniques to set right margin and first line indent.

Difference between indenting and the page set:-

Indenting is used to set the margin for each line bet page set up is used to set the margin
for whole document.

In this option you can able to specify the size of the paper. Margin settings (Top, Bottom,
Left & left & Right)

Line Space: -
Select the test
Press Control-1 for single line space.
Control-2 for Double line space.
Control-5 for ½ line space

Tab Indent: - It is used to design the Document in a tabular format.

Types of Tab Indent: - In work pad this one type of Tab Indent known as Right tab indent.

Uses of tab indents: - It is used to prepare data bases ex: - Preparing salary sheets
inventory reports or other records.
 DATA ENTRY KEYS

CUROSR MOVEMENT:
1. CTL+ HOME => BEGINING OF DOC
2. CTRL+ END => END OF DOC
3. ARROW KEYS => MOVE TO ALL THE PLACES
4. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW => WORD BY WORD TOWARDS RIGHT
5. CTRL+LEFT ARROW => WORD BY WORD TOWARDS LEFT
6. HOME => BEGINING OF THE LINE
7. END => END OF THE LINE
8. PAGEUP => MOVE TO PREVIOUS PAGE
9. PAGEDN => MOVE TO NEXT PAGE
------------------------------XXX----------------------
TEXT SELECTION KEYS
1. CTRL + A => SELECT ALL
2. CTRL+ SHIFT + RIGHT ARROW => SELECT THE TEXT WORD BY WORD TOWARDS
RIGHT
3. CTRL+SHIFT+LEFT ARROW => SELECT THE TEXT WORD BY WORD TOWARDS LEFT
4. SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW => SELECT THE TEXT CHARACTER BY CHARACTER TOWARDS
RIGHT
5. SHIFT+LEFT ARROW => SELECT THE TEXT CHARACTER BY CHARACTER TOWARDS
LEFT
6. SHIFT+DOWN ARROW => SELECT THE TEXT
LINE BY LINE TOWARDS DOWN DIRECTIONS
7. SHIFT+UP ARROW => SELECT THE TEXT LINE
BY LINE TOWARDS UP WARD DIRECTIONS
-----------------------------XXXX-------------------------
SPECIAL KEYS

1. CTRL+C => COPY

2. CTRL+ V => PASTE
3. CTRL+X => CUT
4. CTRL+P => PRINT THE DOCUMENT
5. CTR+Z => UNDO
6. CTR+S => SAVE
7. CTRL+1 => SINGLE LINE SPACE
8. CTRL+2 => DOUBLE LINE SPACE
9. CTRL+5 => ONE AND HALF LINE SPACE
10. CTRL+N => CREATE THE NEW DOCUMENT
11. CTRL+F => FIND
12. CTRL+H =. FIND AND REPLACE
13. CTRL+O => OPEN THE SAVED DOCUMENT
14. CTRL + SHIFT + > => INCREASEING THE FONT SIZE
15. CTRL+SHIFT+ < => DECREASING THE FONT SIZE
16. CTRL+B => BOLD
17. CTRL+ I => ITALIC
18. CTRL+ U => UNDERLINE
19. CTRL + L => LEFT ALIGNMENT
20. CTRL + R => RIGHT ALIGNMENT
21. CTRL + J => JUSTIFY
22. CTRL + E => CENTER ALIGNMENT
23. CTRL+G => GO TO
24. CTRL+Y => REDO
 25. F5(DESKTOP) => REFRESH
26. F5(NOTEPAD)=> DATE AND TIME
27. ALT+SPACE+X => MAXIMIZE
28. ALT+SPACE+N => MINIMIZE
29. ALT+SPACE+R => RESTORE
30. ALT+TAB => OPEN MINIMIZE PROGRAM/ SWITCH PROGRAM
31. ALT+F4 => CLOSE THE PROGRAM/ SHUTDOWN OF COMPUTER
32. CTRL+W => CLOSE THE FILE

MS WORD:-

33.

Steps for setting the Background and screen savers.

1). Place the mouse Pinter towards the desktop.

2). Right Properties.
3). Select the Back ground settings or screen savers option.

Document: - Using this option it displays the select files in the directory or folders.
Note: - To clear the files click. On start button go to settings option. Select task list and
start menu. Click on clear option.

Steps for activating Movie: -

1. Insert the Movie C.D
2. Double Click on my Computer
3. Double Click on C.D Folder
4. Double Click On MPEG
5. Double Click on AVSEQ file

Steps for sound Recording: -

1. Click on Start Button
2. Go to programmers
3. Select Accessories
4. Select Entertainment
5. Select Sound Records steps for playing files
6. Select the windows media player

Assignments on windows
1. Capture the picture of desktop in paintbrush
2. Export the selected picture into another file
3. Design a word “Welcome to the world of Painting “ in multicolor
4. Write a letter leave letter for 3 days to your manager
5. Create a folder on the desktop and rename the folder and store some files.
6. What are the steps to be taken to clear document
7. What are the steps to be taken to store the picture of paintbrush to your desktop and
how to remove
8. What are the steps to be taken to display 3d text as a screen savers
9. What are the steps to be taken to open calculator
10. What are the steps to be taken to copy the files from pen drives or cd to your
computer
 INTRODUCTION WITH OFFICE 2007

When you open the Microsoft Office 2007, you will notice the starting new look and feel of
Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. The Menu bar being replace by ‘Quick Access Toolbar. The
menus in this toolbar also vary as it contains Home, Insert, Page Layout, View, etc.
All five Office applications replace most drop-down menus and toolbars with a context-
sensitive "ribbon", an interactive strip across the top of the screen that displays the various
functions relevant to the currently selected tab.
Those existing versions of Office users may feel inconvenience initially by the relocation
of their favorite features, but to be honest you will be impress by how easy the ribbon makes
accessing to the needed functions over any of the ribbon's.

MS-WORD
How to start ms-word
 STEPS TO SET PAGE

1. Cick on Page layout

2. Select size>select A4 size
Note: to set permanent set click on page layout >select size>select more paper>select the
SIZE CLICK ON DEFAULT THEN THE NEXT TIME IT SETS THE AMOUNT FIXED.
Indenting: - It is used to select the margins Types of Indent: Indents are of four types: -
1. Left Indent
2. Right Indent
3. First line indent
4. Hanging indent
Note: - (1) before settings indent click on view option from the main menu. Select print
lay out View
(2) Hold the alter key from the key board I the left button of the mouse to know the
measurements
(3) Click on format option select paragraph Sub-Option to set the indents
Tab indenting: - It is used to design the document in a toolbar format. Without using
grade Lines.
Use of Tab indent: - it is used to prepare any data base table like reports of view types
industry system and any another format.
Types of Tab Indents: -
1. Right Tab Indent
2. Left Tab Indent
3. Center Tab Indent
4. Bar Tab Indent

Steps for setting the tab indent: -

1. Move the mouse point at towards the ruler line
2. Click with the left button to select the Tab Indent
3. After selection move the mouse pointer towards the ruler line and click with left
button to set the margined.
4. Press the tab key from the keyboard and the move the cursor to the mouse location.
Example: -
 S.No Student Name Course Amount
1. I.Srinivas Ms-Office 500/-
2. K. Srinivas D.T.P 800/-

Steps for Removing The Tab Indent: -

1. Double click on ruler line
2. Select clear all

Steps for settings dot leaders: -

i. Set the tab indent
ii. Select tab
v. Select the second source location
vi. Select the leaders
vii. Click on set option
viii. Press ok button.

Alignment: -It stands for placement of test types of alignment: -

An alignment is of 4 types: -
1. Left Alignment - Ctrl + L
2. Right Ctrl + R
3. Center Ctrl + E
4. Justify Ctrl + J

Line Space: -

1. Ctrl + 1 - Single line

2. Ctrl + 2 - Double line
3. Ctrl + 5 - 1 ½ Double line

Note: - To specify extra space click on format option select ‘paragraph’ sub option select
the line space.
Change Case: - Steps

These are 5 Types of cases: -

1. Upper Case
2. Lower Case
3. Sentences Case
4. Toggle Case

Steps for change Case: -

1. Press shift + F3 for change case
2. Click on change case from home menu

Bullets and Listing: - Using this options you able to generate the general Numbers or
Symbols.
Steps for Creating Serial Numbers: -
1 Type the first value and the test
2. Press enter key to generate the serial Numbers.

1. Father of computer
a. Charles’s Babbage
b. Charlie champling
 c. None

2. dos stands for

a. disk operating system
b. disk library program

Note: -
1. Press Document Tab Indent to generate Normal left in numbers
2. To generate sub numbers press the tab key from the keyboard.
3. To generate bullets lists select two-test click on bullet I can from the formatting tool
bar
To change the test click on format option.
Select bullets and numbering
Specify the style press ok button.

Boards and Shadings: -

Steps for text boards.
1. Select the test
2 Click on page layout
4. Select page border
5. Click on border
6. Select box sub-option
7. Select line style
8. Select test under applied to sub option press ok button.

Note: - It necessary you can specify the shading for the test using shading option.

Steps for page boards: -

1.
Click on page layout
2.
Select page border
3.
Click on page boards
4.
Select the line style or specify art to apply the boards with different graphics select
the design and press ok.
Columns: -
1. Click on page layout
2. Select column
3. Specify the number of columns
4. Press Ok Button

Steps for column break: -

1. Click on break
2. Select break
3. Choose Column break
4. Press ok button.

Steps for section break: -

Press Control end move to new location

1. Click on page layout option
2. Select break sub option
 3. Choose Continue
4. Press ok button
5. Again click on format option
6. Select column
7. Choose single column
8. Press ok Button

Saving the Document with pass word Protection: -

1. Click on review option

2. Select Protect Document
3. Restrict Formatting and Edit
4. Select all the check box
5. Click on yes enforcing protection
6. type the password
7. Click on yes enforce protection

Saving the file with password protection: -

1. Click office home

2. Select prepare
3. Click on tools Option
4. Select encrypt document
5. Type the pass word
6. Press enter key and retype the save pass word
7. Press enter key

Test formatting using the styles gallery: -

1. Select the test

2. Click on home option
3. Select change styles and select format example tradition

Change Font Typeface And Size

1.To change the font typeface:

2.Click the arrow next to the font name and choose a font.

To change the font size:

1. Click the arrow next to the font size and choose the appropriate size, or
2. Click the increase or decrease font size buttons.

HIGHLIGHT TEXT
highlighting text allows you to use emphasize text as you would if you had a marker. To
highlight text:
 Select the text
 Click the Highlight Button on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or
 Select the text and right click and select the highlight tool
 To change the color of the highlighter click on down arrow next to the highlight
button.

1. Water marking
a. Click on page layout
b. Select water mark
c. Click on custom water mark
d. Click on text water mark or Picture water mark
e. Type the text or select the picture

2. Auto spell check and grammar: - Using this option it checks the spellings and the
grammatical mistakes automatically and the time of typing the test a red color
symbol is displayed on the screen which indicates spelling mistakes and the green
color symbol represent for grammatical mistakes.

Steps for

To check the spelling

First type the document
Press F7 key from the keyboard to check the spelling and the grammar

3. Bibliography: This shows the details of the source document an example if you wrote
a document then you can enter the details of author and summary etc.
Steps: -
1. Click on reference
2. Select manage source
3. Select bibliography style

Book Cover: It is the front cover range.

1. Click on Home
2. Select the cover page option
3. Select the design

Drop Caps: Creates a large capital letter at the beginning of the paragraph.
1. Type the text then select Insert and choose drop cap

Drop cap can be applicable for paragraph also

7. Hyper link facility: - Using this option you can able to link the files or Website.
Steps: -

1. Press Control k from the key board

2. Select the file
3. Press ok button
 Steps for activating the file:- Press the Control key and the left button of the mouse and
mouse the mouse point courser to word the source location and click with left button.

ASSIGNMENT-1
Write a the letter for the post of an accountant ?

Matter of the letter

Dear Mr. aiyar:

I am applying for the position of client account coordinator, which was advertised Aug. 4
with the career services center at The Andhra State University. The position seems to fit
very well with my education, experience, and career interests.
According to the advertisement, your position requires excellent communication skills,
computer literacy, and a B.S. degree in business, economics, or finance. I will be
graduating from Andhra University this month with a B.S. degree in finance. My studies
have included courses in computer science, management information systems, speech
communications, and business writing. My background and goals seem to match your
requirements well. I am confident that I can perform the job effectively, and I am excited
about the idea of working for a dynamic, nationally recognized investment management
firm.If you would like to schedule an interview or otherwise discuss my interest in this
position, please call me at 98767646758. I will be available at your convenience.

Thank you for your consideration.

Sincerely,
First and Last name

INSTRUCTIONS FOR LETTER:

Format the whole letter as such: Font Type Times New Roman, Font Size 12, Justify the
main body of the letter. 9pts.
Type “Cover Letter: Your First and Last name” in the beginning of the document and
center it 2pts.
Indent the first line of all the paragraphs to .5” and rest of the lines to the beginning of
the scale 6pts.
Underline and bold the sender’s Address 4pts.
Change the font color of the body of the document to blue 2pts.
Apply double spacing in the whole document 2pts.
Create a resume in the given format

OBJECTIVE:

To apply my knowledge and skill for the growth of my organization and strive for
excellence in my profession

TECHNICAL SKILLS:

Operating Systems : WINDOWS 9 xs /NT/2000.

Language : C, SAS (BASE SAS, MACROS).
 Tools : SAS/ETL, SAS/OLAP.
Data Base : ORACLE 9i.

ACADEMIC PROFILE:

Master of Science (Electronics), from Bharathidasan University, Trichy, T.N (2004-2006

with an aggregate of 67%)
Bachelor of Science in (Mathematics, Electronics, Computer Sciences), from Andhra
University, Vizag. (2000-2003 with an aggregate of 59%)

PROJECT PROFILE:

Title : Collision Avoidance System

Company : South Central Railways, Secunderabad
Duration : 2 ½ Months (Dec.2005-Feb’06)
Platform : Microcontroller (Hitachi H8/3664)
Overview:

Whenever there is an obstacle present in the direction of the sent pulse or signal, the
sent pulse or signal will be reflected back. This reflected pulse is received by a sensor or
receiver. Depending on the time taken by the pulse or signal to reach the obstacle and reflect
back to the sensor or receiver, we can calculate the distance at which the obstacle is present.
The ultrasonic transmitter and the receiver will be interfaced to the micro controller H8-
3664, which in turn will give an alarm depending on the way in which it is programmed.

PERSONAL PROFILE:

Name : Voora Nagin.

Father’s name : Kesava Rao.
Gender : Male.
Date of birth : 12/06/1980.
Marital status : Unmarried.
Nationality : Indian.
Languages known : English, Telugu, Hindi & Tamil.

DECLARATION:

I hereby declare that the above information given by me is correct to the best of my
knowledge.
Date: _ _/_ _/_ _ _ _.
Place: Hyderabad.
(VOORA NAGIN)

Prepare an article with borders eg: Describe about software

8. TABLES: -

A Table is an inter section paint of the rower and coloums

Use of Tables: -
1. It can be used to maintain the record in the form of a table
2. It can be used to prepare the table of different formats Ex: - (Accounts Tables)
3. It can be used to design the computerize. And application format.
4. It can be used to prepare the table

Types of Table:-

Tables are of two types:-

Draw table:- With the help of pen tool you can able to design the table.
1. Click on table option
2. Select draw table or place the mouse pointer to wards the tool bar right click with
mouse.
3. And select tables and boarders.

Assignment:-

Design and I.D. Card

Assignment : Design an identity card

D - C A R D
I - C A R D
Name:ISR
Roll: 45

RANGE COMPUT ER

OLD ITI BUS STOP

Time table and an application forms

Tables: - Options:-

i. Merge Cells: - Using this option you can able to merge the cells.
ii. Split the cells: - Using this option you can able to split the cells.
iii. Split table: - Using this option you can able to split the table in to two
points.
iv. Table auto format: - Using this option you can able to design the table with
different styles.
v. Table auto fit:- Under this option this are ( your sub-option)
1. Auto fit to cut content
2. Auto fit to window
3. Distribute rows evenly
4. Distribute columns evenly

1. Auto fit to cut Contents:- using this option Ms-word Compresses the table a per we
test with
2. Auto fit to window:- Using this option it expands the table as per the margined
settings
3. Distribute rows evenly: - Using this option it resizes the height of the rowas equally as
per the source width.
Note: - Same rule can be application for the column.
4. Converting table to test:- user this option you can able to convent the table to test that
is with out gridlines it displays the test

5. Sort: - Arraigning: - the list of items in ascending or descending orders.

Assignment: Design a time table

TIME TABLE
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 8th
Period Period Period Period Period Period Period
MON S L
H U
TUE
O N
WED R C
THU T H
B B
FRI RK RK
SAT STUDY HOURS
SUN YOGA/COMP

Formula:-
1. CLICK ON LAYOUT
2. SELECT DATA
3. SELECT FORMULA
4. PRESS ENTER KEY

i. Click on table option

ii. Select formula
iii. Press ok button after specify the empty row
 iv. Table Properties:- Using this option you can able to align a table

1. Design a Mark sheet

Sub Paper1 Paper2 Total

Basics
Mso

Internet

Total

SPELLING AND GRAMMAR

To check the spelling and grammar of a document

 Place the cursor at the beginning of the document or the beginning of the section that
you want to check
 Click the Review Tab on the Ribbon
 Click Spelling & Grammar on the Proofing Group.

CUSTOMIZE AUTOCORRECT
You can set up the AutoCorrect tool in Word to retain certain text the way it is. To customize
AutoCorrect:

 Click the Microsoft Office button

 Click the Word Options Button
 Click the Proofing tab
 Click AutoCorrect Options button

PREPARING TABLE OF CONTENTS.

To create the table of contents:

  Put your cursor in the document where you want the Table of Contents
 Click the References Tab
 Click the Table of Contents button and select the design

Activation of table of contents

1. Move the mouse pointer to the source location and click with left button.

Update Table Of Contents

If you have added or removed headings or other table of contents entries you can update by:

Apply headings or mark individual entries as directed above

Click the References Tab in the Ribbon

Click Update Table

Delete Table Of Contents

To delete a table of contents:

 Click the References Tab on the Ribbon

 Click Table of Contents
 Click Remove Table of Contents
Bulleted and Numbered Lists
Bulleted lists have bullet points, numbered lists have numbers, and outline lists combine numbers
and letters depending on the organization of the list.

To add a list to existing text:

 Select the text you wish to make a list

 From the Paragraph Group on the Home Tab, Click the Bulleted or Numbered Lists button

To create a new list:

 Place your cursor where you want the list in the document
 Click the Bulleted or Numbered Lists button
 Begin typing

NESTED LISTS
A nested list is list with several levels of indented text. To create a nested list:

 Create your list following the directions above

 Click the Increase or Decrease Indent button
Formatting Lists
The bullet image and numbering format can be changed by using the Bullets or Numbering
dialog box.

 Select the entire list to change all the bullets or numbers, or

Place the cursor on one line within the list to change a single bullet
 Right click
 Click the arrow next to the bulleted or numbered list and choose a bullet or
numbering style.

Graphics: - It plays a very important role in Ms-office using graphics you can able to
prepare Invitations Visiting cards application forms Etc.
Following options are used to design the pages.

1. Import files: - Using this option you can able to import the files from other sources
such B.M.P (Bit, Map, Pictures) J.P.G.Etc..
The main advantage is that you can able to import your photo to place and the
application forms or identity cards.
2. Word Art: - Using this option you can able to Certificates palm plates etc..
3. Auto Shapes:- Using this option you can able to prepare diagrams for flow charts
geometrical papers & advertising papers
Under this option following are Sub-option.
a. Callouts
b. Stars and banners
c. Flue charts
d. Black arrows
e. Basic shape and
f. Lines
Note: - all the above options are available only in on tool bar known as drawing tool bar.
Tips for graphics:-
I. To type the test inside the object
1. Select the object
2. Right click on add test
II. Before using the options.
1. Click on dew option
2. Select drawing tool bar
III. Use the fill colors (option) to fill the color of the objects.

Mail Merge
 Mail stands for sending the Document and merge stands for combining the Document we
use mail merge. When the matter in same but the address were different.

Use of Mail Merge:-

1. It can be used in schools and college’s to send circulars & notification.
2. It can be used in financial Institutions
3. It can be used to send invitations for different occasions.
4. It can be used to send greetings.

Procedures:-
I. steps for simple mail merge

1. prepare the body of the letter

2. click on mailing >select start mail merge>select step by step mail merge>click on next
button[2] times

3. click on type a new list >click on create>clcik on add new>click on customize

column>in this field you can remove the unwanted fields an example excluding
title,first name,last name and state remove all the fields with delete button after
selction if necessary you can add new fields without using space use underscore
like email_add,fax_no->type the names of all the persons one by one and finaly
press ok button and type the name of file and click on save and press ok
4. click on next button >select address book and select the format of address >press ok
5. click on next button>again next button>click on edit individual letter>press ok.
Complex Mail Merge

1. move to the previous stage 5

2. click on edit receipt list
3. click on state>select ap press ok
4. click on next button
5. click edit individual
6. press ok button

MICRO SOFT EXCEL

CLICK ON START>RUN>TYPE EXCEL

Ms-Excel: - It is classified under the speed sheet package. With this package
user can able to perform the three different tasks.

1. Maintaining the Records.

2. Chart Comparison
3. Accounting purpose.

The file extension for Excel it .XLSX

(Excel Spread sheets)
1. Cell Pointer:- It is the high lighted Rectangular bar
2. Cell Address: - A cell address is the Inter section point of row and columns
Ex:- A 1 (A) column (1)Row
2. Cell Range: - When the group of cell are Combing together creates a range
known as cell range Ex: - A1:A10
4. Work Sheet: - A Work sheet is sheets of paper consist with the
number of row and columns are Representation by Alphabets and the
Rows are represented by numbers. There are 1048576 Rows, and
Columns are represented by Alphabets. The last column is XFD( 16348).

Steps for generating serial numbers

1. In a cell type 1 and press enter key

2. Reselect the cell
3. Using fill box and the ctrl key drag and drop
4. First release the left button then the ctrl key

Steps for generating class intervals

1. type the first two values in a cell eg in a1 type

10 and A1 type 20
2. Select both the cells and drag and drop using
Fill box

Steps for generating Week days in Class interval

1. Type the Two week days is a cell ( Mon, Wed)
2. Select the Cell.
3. Place the Mouse pointer towards the fill box
4. Click with left button drag & drop

Steps For Generating Months:-

1. Type the first Month (Jan)
2. Select the cell
3. Place the Mouse Pointer towards the fill box
4. Drag & drop.

SHORT CUT KEYS IN EXCEL

1. Ctrl + Home: - Beginning of the cell.

2. Ctrl + End : - End of the cell.
3. Ctrl + down arrow key:- End of row
4. Ctrl + Right arrow key:- End of the columns.
5. Shift + Space bar :- To select the rows.
6. Ctrl + Space bar :- To select the column.
7. F2 :- To edit the formula.
8. Sift+f2 : cell comments
9. ctrl+pageup : previous sheet
10. ctrl+pagedn : next sheet
11 CTRL+1 : CELL FORMAT
12.SHIFT+f11 : insert worksheet

Math operators

+ plus
- minus
* multiplication
/ division
^ power calculations
% calculating percentage

Note : before using formula use ‘=’ sign It represents ready to accept formula

Eg: =a1+b1

Relational operators

> greater than

< less than
 >= greater than equal to
<= less than equal to
<> not equal to

Example : a1>=20

Types of references

Relative cell reference

Absolute cell reference
Sheet to sheet reference

1. In relative cell references destination values Are relative to the source cells
Example In c1 cell type a1+b1 where a1 and b1 is the relative to c1

2. In absolute cell reference if you use the$ Symbol before the rows and the columns
thenIt is called as absolute cell references

Example : $a$1 fix the rows and the columns

3. Sheet to sheet reference is the link between

The two or more cells
Example : =sheet1!a1

Insert Cells, Rows, and Columns

To insert cells, rows, and columns in Excel:

 Place the cursor in the row below where you want the new row, or in the column to
the left of where you want the new column
 Click the Insert button on the Cells group of the Home tab
 Click the appropriate choice: Cell, Row, or Column

Delete Cells, Rows and Columns

To delete cells, rows, and columns:

 Place the cursor in the cell, row, or column that you want to delete
 Click the Delete button on the Cells group of the Home tab
 Click the appropriate choice: Cell, Row, or Column
Find and Replace
To find data or find and replace data:

 Click the Find & Select button on the Editing group of the Home tab
 Choose Find or Replace
 Complete the Find What text box
 Click on Options for more search options

Convert Text to Columns

Sometimes you will want to split data in one cell into two or more cells. You can do this easily by
utilizing the Convert Text to Columns Wizard.

 Highlight the column in which you wish to split the data

 Click the Text to Columns button on the Data tab
 Click Delimited if you have a comma or tab separating the data, or click fixed widths to set
the data separation at a specific size.
Format Cells Dialog Box
In Excel, you can also apply specific formatting to a cell. To apply formatting to a cell or
group of cells:

 Select the cell or cells that will have the formatting

 Click the Dialog Box arrow on the Alignment group of the Home tab
There are several tabs on this dialog box that allow you to modify properties of the cell or
cells.

Number: Allows for the display of different number types and decimal places
Alignment: Allows for the horizontal and vertical alignment of text, wrap text,
shrink text, merge cells and the direction of the text.
Font: Allows for control of font, font style, size, color, and additional features
Border: Border styles and colors
Fill: Cell fill colors and styles

Merge Cells
To merge cells select the cells you want to merge and click the Merge & Center button on the
Alignment group of the Home tab. The four choices for merging cells are:

Merge & Center: Combines the cells and centers the contents in the new, larger
cell
Merge Across: Combines the cells across columns without centering data
Merge Cells: Combines the cells in a range without centering
Unmerge Cells: Splits the cell that has been merged
Align Cell Contents
To align cell contents, click the cell or cells you want to align and click on the options within
the Alignment group on the Home tab. There are several options for alignment of cell
contents:

Top Align: Aligns text to the top of the cell

Middle Align: Aligns text between the top and bottom of the cell
Bottom Align: Aligns text to the bottom of the cell
Align Text Left: Aligns text to the left of the cell
Center: Centers the text from left to right in the cell
Align Text Right: Aligns text to the right of the cell
Decrease Indent: Decreases the indent between the left border and the text
Increase Indent: Increase the indent between the left border and the text
Orientation: Rotate the text diagonally or vertically

Calculate with Functions

A function is a built in formula in Excel. A function has a name and arguments (the mathematical
function) in parentheses. Common functions in Excel:

Types of functions

1. using wizard
2. manual

CLASSIFICATIONS OF FUNCTIONS

1. Text functions
2. Mathmatic and trignometry functions
3. Date and time function
4. Logical functions
Syntax

1. CHAR(number)

Number is a number between 1 and 255 specifying which character you want. The character is
from the character set used by your computer.

Examples

CHAR(65) equals "A"

CHAR(33) equals "!"

Syntax

2. CODE(text)

Text is the text for which you want the code of the first character.

Examples

CODE("A") equals 65

CODE("Alphabet") equals 65

Syntax

3. CONCATENATE (text1,text2,...)

Text1, text2, ... are 1 to 30 text items to be joined into a single text item. The text items can be text
strings, numbers, or single-cell references.

Note:

The "&" operator can be used instead of CONCATENATE to join text items.

Examples

CONCATENATE("Total ", "Value") equals "Total Value". This is equivalent to typing

"Total"&" "&"Value"

Syntax

4. LEFT(text,num_chars)

Text is the text string that contains the characters you want to extract.

Num_chars specifies the number of characters you want LEFT to extract.

  Num_chars must be greater than or equal to zero.

 If num_chars is greater than the length of text, LEFT returns all of text.

 If num_chars is omitted, it is assumed to be 1.

Num_bytes specifies the number of characters you want LEFTB to extract, based on bytes.

Examples

LEFT("Sale Price",4) equals "Sale"

Syntax

5. LEN(text)

Text is the text whose length you want to find. Spaces count as characters.

Examples

LEN("ISR") equals 3

6. LOWER(text)

Text is the text you want to convert to lowercase. LOWER does not change characters in text that
are not letters.

Examples

LOWER("ISR") equals "isr"

Syntax

7. MID(text,start_num,num_chars)

Text is the text string containing the characters you want to extract.

Start_num is the position of the first character you want to extract in text. The first character in
text has start_num 1, and so on.

Examples

MID("SAGAR",1,3) equals "SAG"

8. PROPER(text)

Text is text enclosed in quotation marks, a formula that returns text, or a reference to a cell
containing the text you want to partially capitalize.

Examples

PROPER("this is a TITLE") equals "This Is A Title"

9. REPT(text,number_times)

Text is the text you want to repeat.

Number_times is a positive number specifying the number of times to repeat text. If number_times
is 0 (zero), REPT returns "" (empty text). If number_times is not an integer, it is truncated. The
result of the REPT function cannot be longer than 32,767 characters.

Tip You can use this function to create a simple histogram on your worksheet.

Examples

REPT("*-", 3) equals "*-*-*-"

10. UPPER(text)

Text is the text you want converted to uppercase. Text can be a reference or text string.

Examples

UPPER("total") equals "TOTAL"

MATHMATICAL AND TRIGNOMETY

1. ABS(number)

Number is the real number of which you want the absolute value.

Examples

ABS(2) equals 2

ABS(-2) equals 2

2. FACT(number)
Number is the nonnegative number you want the factorial of. If number is not an integer, it is
truncated.

Examples

FACT(5) equals 20

3. INT(number)

Number is the real number you want to round down to an integer.

Examples

INT(8.9) equals 8

4. LOG(number,base)

Number is the positive real number for which you want the logarithm.

Base is the base of the logarithm. If base is omitted, it is assumed to be 10.

Examples

LOG(10) equals 1

5. MOD(number,divisor)

Number is the number for which you want to find the remainder.

Divisor is the number by which you want to divide number. If divisor is 0, MOD returns the
#DIV/0! error value.

Examples

MOD(3, 2) equals 1

5. PI( )

Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits.

Examples
PI()equals 1.732

6. COS(number)

Number is the angle in radians for which you want the cosine. If the angle is in degrees, multiply it
by PI()/180 to convert it to radians.

Examples

COS(1.047) equals 0.500171 display radian

COS(60*PI()/180) equals 0.5, the cosine of 60 degrees

7. POWER(number,power)

Number is the base number. It can be any real number.

Power is the exponent to which the base number is raised.

Note

The "^" operator can be used instead of POWER to indicate to what power the base number is to be
raised, such as in 5^2.

Examples

POWER(5,2) equals 25

8. PRODUCT(number1,number2, ...)

Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 numbers that you want to multiply.

Examples

If cells A2:C2 contain 5, 15, and 30:

PRODUCT(A2:C2) equals 2,250

Or

product(3,4,5) equal 60

9. ROUND(number,num_digits)

Number is the number you want to round.

Examples

ROUND(2.15, 1) equals 2.2

10. ROUND(number,num_digits)

Number is the number you want to round.

Examples

ROUND(2.15,1) equals 2

DATE AND TIME FUNCTION

1. NOW ()

Displays date and time

Note:

Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequential serial numbers so that it can perform calculations on
them. Excel stores January 1, 1900, as serial number 1 if your workbook uses the 1900 date system.
If your workbook uses the 1904 date system, Excel stores January 1, 1904, as serial number 0
(January 2, 1904, is serial number 1). For example, in the 1900 date system, Excel stores January 1,
1998, as serial number 35796 because it is 35,795 days after January 1, 1900.

2. TODAY()

Display date only

Example

=TODAY() equal 2/18/2006 14:55

3. DAYS360

Returns the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year (twelve 30-day months),
which is used in some accounting calculations. Use this function to help compute payments if your
accounting system is based on twelve 30-day months.

DAYS360(start_date,end_date,method)

DAYS360("1/30/1998","2/1/1998") equals 1

LOGICAL FUNCTION

AND()

Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE; returns FALSE if one or more arguments is FALSE.

Syntax

AND(logical1,logical2, ...)

=AND(A1>=50,B2>=20) equal as per value true or false

NOT

Reverses the value of its argument. Use NOT when you want to make sure a value is not equal to
one particular value.

Syntax

NOT(logical)

=not(a1>=34) equal as per condition valuye

3. OR

Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE; returns FALSE if all arguments are FALSE.

Syntax

OR(logical1,logical2,...)

=OR(a1>45,b1>34) equal as per output

IF()

Returns one value if a condition you specify evaluates to TRUE and another value if it evaluates to
FALSE.

Use IF to conduct conditional tests on values and formulas.

Syntax

IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)

Logical_test is any value or

=IF(A1>=40,”PASS”,”FAIL”)

RELATIVE, ABSOLUTE AND MIXED REFERENCES

SORTING AND FILTERING

BASIC SORTS
To execute a basic descending or ascending sort based on one column:

 Highlight the cells that will be sorted

 Click the Sort & Filter button on the Home tab
 Click the Sort Ascending (A-Z) button or Sort Descending (Z-A) button
CUSTOM SORTS
To sort on the basis of more than one column:

 Click the Sort & Filter button on the Home tab

 Choose which column you want to sort by first
 Click Add Level
 Choose the next column you want to sort
 Click OK

FILTERING
Filtering allows you to display only data that meets certain criteria. To filter:

 Click the column or columns that contain the data you wish to filter
 On the Home tab, click on Sort & Filter
 Click Filter button
 Click the Arrow at the bottom of the first cell
 Click the Text Filter
 Click the Words you wish to Filter

 To clear the filter click the Sort & Filter button

 Click Clear
Ex: - Name Course Amount
Srinivas Ms-office 500/-
K.Srinivas Oracle 800/-
Ch.Sridevi D.T.P 800/-
A.Manga Phtoshop 500/-

Validation: - It is used in Excel to lock the cell with specific condition

Ex: - the validation A1 cell is not enter the valueless then and greater then 100
1. Select the cell A1
2. Click on Data option
3. Select validation
4. Click on whole number under allow ( sub option)
5. Specify the minimum and the maximum value
6. Click on input message
7. Click on title
8. Specify the message Ex:- Invalid Entry
9. Error message Ex:- Please try again
10. Press ok button
Steps for removing the validation:-
Select the cell
Click on data option
Select validation
Click on all clear
Press ok button

A chart is the quickest way for presenting the data in a graphical format.

Example:

Show a chart depends on sales of television.

Name of TV Sales in Percent

ONIDA 60
LG 90
SONY 44

Steps

1. Select the table and press F11 it automatically creates charts

Charts Option.

DESIGN OPTION
1. Chart Type(selecting type of chart)
2. Data (changing chart rows or column and changing data source)
3. Chart Layout
4. Chart styles
5. Chart Location(Change position as a separate sheet or in a sheet called as embedded
sheet)

Layout:

1. Conversion selection
2. Insertion
3. Label
4. Axes
5. Background
6. Analysis
POWER POINT

It is classified under graphics package with this package user

Can able to Preparing animations [2d] or slide shows to
Presents for demonstration on the related topics and albums
With action buttons

SHORTCUT KEYS

Page Up :- Move to Previous Slide

Page Down:- Move to Next Slide
F5 :- To run the presentation
 Ctrl + M :- To Create New Slide
Ctrl + D :-To Create Duplicate Slide

BASIC CONCEPTS IN POWER POINT

1. Slide:- In Power point one page is known as one slide

2. Designed a Templates:- It is a Predefined back ground
3. Slide layout:- It is the predefined format of the slide which
can be applied as per users Requirement
4. Slide Sorted View:- In this view you can able to display more than one
slide at a time

STEPS TO PREPARE SLIDE PRESENTATIONS

STAGE-I
1. Click on home option
2. Select layout option
3. Select the slide lay out and type the text.

STAGE-II [Designing slide ]

1. Click on design option

2. Select Apply designed templates
3. select the slide

STAGE-III[Text animations]
1. select the slide
2. click on animation
3. Select animation from the list
4. click on apply to all
Note: If want to apply own animation then use customize

STAGE – IV [ slide transition]

1. Click on animation
2. Select slide transition
3. Select the effect
4. Click an applied to all.

STAGE V
Steps for slide Timings:-
1. Click on slide show
2. Select rehearse timing
3. Press enter key to set the timing or click with left button of the mouse .

STAGE VI
Steps for running the slides continuously:-
1. Click on slide show
2. Select set up show
3. Click on loop continue until escape.
4. Press ok button.

STAGE VII
Steps for creating presentations file:-
1. Click on office button
2. Select save as (Sub-option)
3. Select power point show
4. Type the file name
5. save button
THE END FOR PRESENTATION

ANIMATION
Steps for flash light :

Flash light

1. Open power point

2. Clcik on layout
3. Select blank slide
4. Click on design select background
5. Select black color
6. Click on insert
7. Select word art
8. Type the text
9. Click on insert
10. Select shape
11. Double click and change the color to black
12. Right click and select send to back
13. Select the object and shift to right side
14. Click on slide show select rehearse timing and press return key
15. Click on slide show and select setup show
16. Click on loop continue until esc
17. Press ok
18. Press f5 key from the keyboard to run the presentation

BLINKING EYES

1. open blank presentation

2. click on layout
3. select blank presentation
4. select background
5. select black color
6. click on insert>click on clipart
7. select animal>select clipart
8. select the animal rabbit
9. copy the rabbit with right click
10. place over the slide and press ctrl+v
11. stretch the picture with arrow key
12. click on view select slide sorter
13. select the picture and right click
14. select order>select ungroup[2 times]
15. select the eye ball and delete
16. using rehearse timing set the time
17. click on loop continuous until esc .
18. press f5

creating photo album

1. open PowerPoint
2. select insert>photo album
3. click on file/disk
4. select the folder example under my document select my pictures then select the
picture and click on insert
5. click on create
6. click on slide show and the timing and transaction
7. select loop continue until esc
8. press f5 to run the presentation

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