A WEB BASED EXPERT ADVISORY SYSTEM OF A STUDENT PERFORMANCE USING RULE BASED

AND ANT COLONY (ACO) OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

ABSTRACT

We conducted a systematic review to identify policy interventions that improve

education quality and student learning in developing countries. Relying on a
theory of change typology, we highlight three main drivers of change of
education quality: (1) supply-side capability interventions that operate through
the provision of physical and human resources, and learning materials; (2)
policies that through incentives seek to influence behaviour and intertemporal
preferences of teachers, households, and students; (3) bottom-up and top-
down participatory and community management interventions, which operate
through decentralization reforms, knowledge diffusion, and increased
community participation in the management of education systems. Overall,
our findings suggest that interventions are more effective at improving student
performance and learning when social norms and intertemporal choices are
factored in the design of education policies, and when two or more drivers of
change are combined. Thus, supply-side interventions alone are less effective
than when complemented by community participation or incentives that shift
preferences and behaviors.
1.0 INTRODUCTION

Expert system is an artificial intelligence program that has expert-level knowledge about a
particular domain and knows how to use its knowledge to respond properly. Domain refers to
the area within which the task is being performed. Ideally the expert systems should substitute
a human expert. Edward Feigenbaum of Stanford University has defined expert system as “an
intelligent computer program that uses knowledge and inference procedures to solve problems
that are difficult enough to require significant human expertise for their solutions.” It is a
branch of artificial intelligence introduced by researchers in the Stanford Heuristic
Programming Project.

The expert system is a branch of AI designed to work within a particular domain. As an expert is
a person who can solve a problem with the domain knowledge in hands it should be able to
solve problems at the level of a human expert. The source of knowledge may come from a
human expert and/or from books, magazines and internet. As knowledge play a key role in the
functioning of expert systems they are also known as knowledge-based systems and
knowledge-based expert systems. The expert’s knowledge about solving the given specific
problems is called knowledge domain of the expert.

ADVANTAGES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS

Availability: Many Expert systems are available free of cost. The Learner can learn the domain
knowledge very easily.

Cheaper: The cost of providing expertise is not expensive as compare reading so many books.

Reduced danger: They can be used in any risky environments where humans cannot work with.

Durability: The knowledge will last long indefinitely.

Multiple expertise: It can be designed to have knowledge of many experts.

Explanation: They are capable of explaining in detail the reasoning that led to a conclusion.

Fast response: They can respond at great speed due to the inherent advantages of computers
over humans.

Unemotional and response at all times: Unlike humans, they do not get tense, fatigue or panic
and work steadily during emergency situations.

COMPONENTS OF AN EXPERT SYSTEM

REFERENCES

[1] Jackson, Peter (1998), Introduction To Expert Systems (3 ed.), Addison Wesley, p. 2, ISBN 978-0-
201-87686-4

[2]