Sensory Physicql

POWERPOINT® LECTURE SLIDE PRESENTATION
by DEWI HARDININGTYAS, MBA

Industrial Engineering Dept., Engineering Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya
UNIT 2
10 PART A Sensory Physiology
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOURTH EDITION
DEE UNGLAUB SILVERTHORN

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
About this Chapter
 General properties of sensory systems
 Somatic senses
 Chemoreception: Smell and taste
 The Ear: Hearing
 The Ear: Equilibrium

General Properties: Sensory Division

Sensory Pathways
 Stimulus as physical energy  sensory receptor
 Receptor acts as a transducer
 Intracellular signal  usually change in membrane
potential
 Stimulus > threshold  action potential to CNS
 Integration in CNS  cerebral cortex or acted on
subconsciously

Somatosensory Receptors
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10-1a
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10-1b
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10-1c
Sensory Receptors

Sensory Transduction
 Stimulus energy converted into information
processed by CNS
 Ion channels or second messengers initiate membrane
potential change
 Adequate stimulus: Preferred form of stimulus
 Threshold: Minimum stimulus
 Receptor potential: Change in sensory receptor
membrane potential

Receptive Fields of Sensory Neurons
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10-2
Sensory Neurons: Two-Point Discrimination
Sensory Neurons: Two-Point Discrimination
Integration by CNS
 Sensory information either
 Spinal cord to brain by ascending pathways
 Directly to brain stem via cranial nerves
 Visceral reflexes integrated in brain stem or spinal
cord usually do not reach conscious perception
 Perceptual threshold: Level of stimulus necessary to
be aware of particular sensation

Sensory Pathways in the Brain
Each major division of the brain processes one or more
types of sensory information
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10-4 (1 of 3)
Properties of Stimulus: Modality
 Indicated by where
 Sensory neurons are activated
 Neurons terminate in brain
 Specific to receptor type
 Labeled line coding
 1:1 association of receptor with sensation

Properties of Stimulus: Location
 According to which receptive fields are activated
 Auditory information is an exception
 Sensitive to different frequencies
 Lateral inhibition
 Increases contrast between activated receptive fields
and inactive neighbors
 Population coding
 Multiple receptors functioning together

Localization of Sound
Lateral inhibition
Properties of Stimulus
 Intensity
 Coded by number of receptors activated and frequency
of action potentials
 Duration
 Coded by duration of action potentials
 Some receptors can adapt or cease to respond
 Tonic receptors versus phasic receptors

Sensory coding for stimulus intensity and duration
(a) Stimulus
potential (mV)
Membrane 20
Amplitude 0
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
Duration 0 5 10 0 5 10 0 5 10
Time (sec)
(b) Longer and
potential (mV)
stronger 20
Membrane
0
stimulus
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
0 5 10 0 5 10 0 5 10
(a) Stimulus
potential (mV)
Membrane 20
Amplitude 0
-20
-40
-60
-80
Duration 0 5 10
(a) Stimulus
potential (mV)
Membrane 20
Amplitude 0
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
Duration 0 5 10 0 5 10
Time (sec)
(a) Stimulus
potential (mV)
Membrane 20
Amplitude 0
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
Duration 0 5 10 0 5 10 0 5 10
Time (sec)
(a) Stimulus
potential (mV)
Membrane 20
Amplitude 0
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
Duration 0 5 10 0 5 10 0 5 10
Time (sec)
(b) Longer and
potential (mV)
stronger 20
Membrane
0
stimulus
-20
-40
-60
-80
0 5 10
(a) Stimulus
potential (mV)
Membrane 20
Amplitude 0
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
Duration 0 5 10 0 5 10 0 5 10
Time (sec)
(b) Longer and
potential (mV)
stronger 20
Membrane
0
stimulus
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
0 5 10 0 5 10
(a) Stimulus
potential (mV)
Membrane 20
Amplitude 0
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
Duration 0 5 10 0 5 10 0 5 10
Time (sec)
(b) Longer and
potential (mV)
stronger 20
Membrane
0
stimulus
-20
-40 Threshold
-60
-80
0 5 10 0 5 10 0 5 10
Tonic and Phasic Receptors
Tonic and Phasic Receptors
Somatic Senses: Modalities
 Touch
 Proprioception
 Temperature
 Nociception
 Pain
 Itch

Somatic Senses Pathways
 Sensory pathways cross the body’s midline
The Somatosensory Cortex
Touch Receptors in the Skin
Touch receptors are found in the skin and in deeper
regions on the body
Temperature Receptors
 Free nerve endings
 Terminate in subcutaneous layers
 Cold receptors
 Lower than body temperature
 Warm receptors
 Above body temperature to about 45°C
 Pain receptors activated above 45°C

Sensory Physicql

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Sensory Physicql

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

POWERPOINT® LECTURE SLIDE PRESENTATION

by DEWI HARDININGTYAS, MBA

10 PART A Sensory Physiology

DEE UNGLAUB SILVERTHORN

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Potrebbero piacerti anche