Wave Opticsss 2

Wave Optics (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
10
Chapter Wave Optics
Section-A
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (1)
2. Answer (4)
Two different sources can never be coherent.
3. Answer (2)
4. Answer (3)
Definition of coherent sources.
5. Answer (1)
6. Answer (3)
( )
2
Imax = I + 4I = 9I
( )
2
Imin = I – 4I =I
7. Answer (3)
⎛δ⎞
IR = 4I0 cos2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠
8. Answer (3)
For destructive interference,
Δφ = (2n + 1)π
∴ Δx =
( 2n + 1) λ
2
9. Answer (2)
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Regd. Office: Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-110075 Ph.011-47623456
- 26 -
Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Wave Optics (Solutions)
Q.No. Solution
10. Answer (3)

A1 3 Amax 3 + 5 8 4
= , = = =
A2 5 Amin 5 – 3 2 1
2
Imax ⎛ Amax ⎞ 16
∝⎜ ⎟ =
Imin ⎝ Amin ⎠ 1
11. Answer (2)
12. Answer (1)
13. Answer (3)

λD
Fringe width β =
d
14. Answer (1)

λD 1
β= , β ∝ , so d made 3 folds
d d
1
β becomes times.
3
15. Answer (4)

λD
β=
d
Now, new D = 2D
d
new d =
2
β′ = 4β
16. Answer (3)

Let individual intensity be I0.
I = 4I0
When one slit closed intensity is equal to I0.
17. Answer (1)

Centre point is central bright fringe.
18. Answer (1)

λD
β=
d
λ D β 0.4 mm
β′ = = = = 0.30 mm
μ d μ 4
3
19. Answer (2)
- 27 -
Q.No. Solution
20. Answer (4)
⎛φ⎞
I = Imax cos2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠
⎛φ⎞
I = I0 cos2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠
2π λ π
φ= × =
λ 6 3
⎛π⎞
∴ I = I0 cos2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝6⎠
3I0
I=
4
I 3
∴ =
I0 4
21. Answer (2)

λD
β= , Put values in SI units.
d
22. Answer (1)
23. Answer (2)

λD
β= ,β ∝ λ
d
λviolet < λblue
24. Answer (4)

As torch light will have multiple wavelength. Overlap of fringe pattern will take place, hence we can say
no fringes would appear.
25. Answer (4)

⎛ 1⎞
For third minima, Δx = ⎜ n + ⎟ λ
⎝ 2 ⎠
n = 2,
5λ
⇒ Δx =
2
2π 5λ
Also, Δφ = × = 5π
λ 2
26. Answer (1)

There will be a red shift.
- 28 -
Q.No. Solution
27. Answer (4)

Δλ v
=
λ c
Δλ = 5 Å
λ = 6563 Å
c = 3 × 108 m/s
∴ v = 2.29 × 105 m/s
28. Answer (1)
29. Answer (3)

λ
First minima θ =
a
π
θ= , λ = 6500 × 10 –10 m
6
λ
∴ a= = 1.24 μm
θ
30. Answer (2)
31. Answer (1)

⎛λ⎞
Angular width of central maximum equals 2 sin–1 ⎜ ⎟
⎝d ⎠
It is independent of D.
32. Answer (2)

λblue < λred fringe pattern will contract because it is ∝ λ
33. Answer (2)
34. Answer (1)

a2
Fresnel distance ZF = = 32 m
λ
35. Answer (1)

For diffraction λ ≈ a (aperture or obstacle size)
36. Answer (4)

See theory.
37. Answer (2)

These are characteristics of a wave.
- 29 -
Q.No. Solution
38. Answer (2)

See theory.
39. Answer (3)
40. Answer (1)

Only transverse waves can be polarized.
41. Answer (4)

Only light waves undergo polarization since they are transverse. Sound waves are longitudinal, hence
do not undergo polarization.
42. Answer (4)

By Brewster’s law,
tani = μ
⇒ μ = tan60° = 3
⎛ 1⎞
Now, c = sin–1 ⎜ ⎟
⎝μ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞
⇒ c = sin–1 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3⎠
43. Answer (4)

Only ultrasonic waves are longitudinal, rest three are transverse.
44. Answer (2)
45. Answer (1)
46. Answer (3)
60°
I0
I0
2
I0 I
I= cos2 60° = 0
2 8
I0
100
% transmitted light 8 × 100 = = 12.5%
I0 8
- 30 -
Q.No. Solution
47. Answer (2)

Linearly Polarized light
E
⇒ direction of propagation
Direction of field vector is specified but the magnitude varies with time.
48. Answer (3)

Now, tani = μ
⇒ μ = tan60° = 3
c 3 × 108
v= = = 3 × 108 m/s
μ 3
49. Answer (1)

Coherence condition.
50. Answer (2)

Interference is simply redistribution of energy.
51. Answer (4)
52. Answer (4)
53. Answer (3)

5λD
Position of 5th maxima
d
5λ D
Position of 3rd minima
2d
5 λ D 5λ D 5λ D 5
Distance between them – = = β
d 2d 2d 2
54. Answer (3)
55. Answer (1)
56. Answer (4)
- 31 -
Q.No. Solution
57. Answer (3)

φ
l = l0 cos2
2
2π xd
φ= ;Path difference =
λ D
using above relation
⎡ π dx ⎤ 2 ⎡ πx ⎤
l = l0 cos2 ⎢ × ⎥ = l0 cos ⎢ β ⎥
⎣ λ D ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
58. Answer (1)

For this the shift in fringe pattern shall be integral multiple of fringe width
Dt (μ − 1) λD
=n
d d
⇒ t (μ − 1) = nλ
nλ
⇒ t=
0.5
Minimum thickness = 2λ
59. Answer (3)

φ
I = 4I1 cos2
2
As I = I1
φ 1
So cos =
2 2
φ
= 60° ⇒ φ = 120°.
2
60. Answer (1)

Let the width of the segment is y and fringe width is β
y yd
Number of fringes in segment = =
β λD
yd
Now for λ = 600 nm = = 12
600D
yd
for λ = 400 nm = =n
400D
2 12
⇒ =
3 n
⇒ n = 18
61. Answer (1)
62. Answer (3)

As c & d are on same wave front ∴ φc = φd . ....(i)
similarly φe = φf ....(ii)
substrating, we get, φc – φe = φd – φf
- 32 -
Q.No. Solution
63. Answer (4)

As λR > λG > λB
⇒ βR > βG > βB as β ∝ λ
64. Answer (2)

⎛φ⎞
I = Imax cos2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠
1 ⎛φ⎞
= cos2 ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝2⎠
⇒ cos φ = 0
π 3π 5π 7π
⇒ φ= , , ,
2 2 2 2
λ 3λ 5λ
⇒ Δx = , ,
4 4 4
λ
⇒ Δx = (2n + 1)
4
65. Answer (4)

λ
d =
2 sin θ
λ
| d (d ) | = | c osec θ cot θd θ |
2
Absolute error in d decreases with increase in θ as cosec θ and cot θ decrease with increase in θ.
d (d )
= | cot θd θ |
d
Fractional error decreases with increase in θ.
Section-B
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (2, 3, 4)
d λ
θ= , φ=
2D d
λD λ
Fringe width = β= =
d 2θ
λ
Distance between slits d =
φ
d λ
Distance between screen and slits = =
2θ 2φθ
- 33 -
Q.No. Solution
2. Answer (1, 3)
( 2n − 1)λD
Minima are obtained at y =
2d
⇒
d
=
(2n − 1)λD
2 2d
d2 d2 d2 d2
⇒ λ= = , ,
( 2n − 1)λD λ D 3λ D 5λ D
3. Answer (2, 3, 4)
Screen
If (μ – 1)t = dsinθ + nλ
θ
(where n is positive integer)
Then central maxima will always be formed at O. d O
If n = 0,(μ – 1)t = dsin θ

n = 1, (μ – 1)t = dsinθ + λ
If (μ – 1)t > dsinθ, central maxima will be formed below O.
4. Answer (1, 3)
A
S1 S2
Locus of points on screen for which S1P–S2P = const.

Maxima will be formed if S1A –S2A = nλ
5. Answer (1, 4)
D(μ – 1)t
yn =
d
nDλ D(μ – 1)t

=
d d
nλ = (μ – 1)t
3 × 5450 × 10–10m = (1.5 – 1)t
t = 32700 × 10–10m
= 3.27 × 10–6m
For maxima at the center
(μ – 1) = nλ
–6
(1.5 – 1) × 3.27 × 10 = 3 × 5450 Å.
- 34 -
Q.No. Solution
6. Answer (1, 2)
At centre, Δx = 0 for which maxima is obtained. The path difference at a large distance from the screen
Δx → d.
When d = λ, the path difference is between 0 to λ.
Only central maxima exists in that case
when λ < d < 2λ, Δx lies between 0 to 2λ. So more than one maxima will be obtained.
When both the slits give same intensity, dark fringes are perfectly dark.
Section-C
Q.No. Solution
Comprehension-I
1. Answer (4)
In given situation if source is placed symmetrically, then it is a simple YDSE. So maxima are formed for
nλD
OP =
d
Where n = 0, 1, 2, 3……
λD
But, if OP = 1.5 minima will be formed.
d
2. Answer (4) x D
If the source is moved up by a very small distance S1
y0. Now let the central maxima is formed at O′ then S
θ1
(SS2 –SS1) + (S2O –S1O ) = 0 y0
or SS2 – SS1 = S1O – S2O θ2 y
⇒ d sin θ1 = d sin θ 2 S2 O′
y0 y
For small angle =
x0 D
y 0 .D
⇒ y= =
x0
3. Answer (3)
lmax = (l+ l)
1 2
2
= ( l − l )
2
and lmin 1 2
If the size of both slits are equal then (l1 = l2 = l0)

lmax = 4l0
lmin = 0
Now as size of slit S1 is decreased then l1 decreases. Hence lmax decreases but lmin increases
- 35 -
Q.No. Solution
Comprehension-II
1. Answer (1)
λD
β=
dμ
2. Answer (1)
4λD
μd
3. Answer (1)
Fringe width will remain same.
Section-D
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (3)
Color of this film depends on the phase difference of the rays reflected from front and rear of faces of
the film. If phase difference is nπ, where n is positive integer, then thin film will appear as dark.
2. Answer (1)
The refractive index of a material depends on wavelength of light rays used. According to Cauchy’s
B C
theorem μ = A + 2 + 4 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅
λ λ
A white light is a mixture of seven colors.
When a white light ray passes through a prism, its constituent colors having different wavelengths,
deviate by different angles; which results in a spectrum of seven colors.
3. Answer (3)
Amplitude of two waves from different sources may be equal but phase difference between the waves
coming from different sources does not remain constant with time i.e. two separate sources are
incoherent sources.
Section-E
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer A(q), B(p), C(s), D(r)
- 36 -
Q.No. Solution
2. Answer A(p, s); B(q); C(t), D(r, s, t)
Case (A)
P0 P1 P2
λ λ
Δx 0
4 3
π 2π
δ 0
2 3
I 4I0 2I0 I0
Case (B)
P0 P1 P2
λ λ
Δx 0
4 12
π π
δ 0
2 6
I 2I0 4I0 I0 (2 + 3 )
Case (C)
P0 P1 P2
λ λ λ
Δx
2 4 6
π π
δ π
2 3
I 0 2I0 3I0
Case (4)
P0 P1 P2
3λ λ 5λ
Δx
4 2 12
3π 5π
δ π
2 6
I 2I0 0 I0 (2 − 3 )
- 37 -
Section-F
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (4)
d sin α y
2m
d/2 α
θ
α
n
si
d
Path difference should be zero.
d sin α = d sin θ is θ and α are small
d
d
dy
d tan α = d tan θ = 2
2 1.5
d 6
⇒y= = = 4 mm
1.5 1.5
Section-G
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (2)
Section-H
Q.No. Solution
1. 2π ⎛ y 2d ⎞
Phase difference = +π
λ ⎜⎝ D ⎟⎠
For intensity to be maximum
2π ⎛ y 2d ⎞
+ π = 2nπ
λ ⎜⎝ D ⎟⎠
4πyd
⇒ =π (Considering n = 1)
λD
λD
⇒y= .
4d
- 38 -
Q.No. Solution
2. Central bright fringes will be formed at C if, S1P is equal to

path difference produce by mica sheet S1
Dt (μ − 1) φ
⇒ d sin φ =
d P
d2
⇒ = Dt (μ–1) φ
2 S2
⇒ μ = 1.6 D
λD
and n1 = = 210 μm
2d
3. (a) SC = S′C
Locus of points on screen such that S′X – SX = constant, is a
circle centered at P. So the shape of interference fringe pattern P X Screen
will be circular.
(b) I2 = 0.36 I1
l1 25 l1 5
⇒ = ⇒ =
l2 9 l2 3 S
( l1 + l 2 ) 4
⇒ = C
( l1 − l 2 ) 1
S′
2
l max ⎛ l + l2 ⎞
⇒ = ⎜ 1 ⎟ = 16
l min ⎜ l − l ⎟ 1
⎝ 1 2 ⎠
(c) Since light wave suffer phase reversal after reflection from mirror. Condition to obtain maximum
at P is that, Path difference = nλ
or 2h = nλ
If two consecutive maxima are formed for
h = h1 = h2 then
⇒ 2 (h2 –h1) = λ
⇒ Distance through which screen is to be moved
λ
h2 –h1 = = 300 nm
2
- 39 -

Wave Opticsss 2

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Wave Opticsss 2

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Wave Optics (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

Two different sources can never be coherent.

Definition of coherent sources.

For destructive interference,

10. Answer (3)

11. Answer (2)

12. Answer (1)

13. Answer (3)

14. Answer (1)

15. Answer (4)

16. Answer (3)

17. Answer (1)

18. Answer (1)

19. Answer (2)

20. Answer (4)

21. Answer (2)

22. Answer (1)

23. Answer (2)

24. Answer (4)

25. Answer (4)

26. Answer (1)

27. Answer (4)

28. Answer (1)

29. Answer (3)

30. Answer (2)

31. Answer (1)

32. Answer (2)

33. Answer (2)

34. Answer (1)

35. Answer (1)

36. Answer (4)

37. Answer (2)

38. Answer (2)

39. Answer (3)

40. Answer (1)

41. Answer (4)

42. Answer (4)

43. Answer (4)

44. Answer (2)

45. Answer (1)

46. Answer (3)

47. Answer (2)

48. Answer (3)

49. Answer (1)

50. Answer (2)

51. Answer (4)

52. Answer (4)

53. Answer (3)

54. Answer (3)

55. Answer (1)

56. Answer (4)

57. Answer (3)

58. Answer (1)

59. Answer (3)

60. Answer (1)

61. Answer (1)

62. Answer (3)

63. Answer (4)

64. Answer (2)

65. Answer (4)

Fractional error decreases with increase in θ.

If n = 0,(μ – 1)t = dsin θ

Locus of points on screen for which S1P–S2P = const.

nDλ D(μ – 1)t