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7
Chapter Alternating Current
Section-A
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (1)
E 1 2 q2
Imax LImax max qmax Imax LC
R 2 2C
2. Answer (4)
R 1 1
and and all have dimensions of frequency.
L LC RC
3. Answer (3)
R 50 1
cos
R ( X L XC )
2 2
50 (100 50)
2 2 2
4. Answer (2)
At resonance VL – VC = V4 = 0
5. Answer (3)
At resonance XL = XC
6. Answer (4)
As, ,cos 0, P Vrms Irms cos
2
7. Answer (2)
Choke coil is a series L-R circuit with high L and low R,
So, Z R 2 X L2 X L ,
8. Answer (4)
Z 52 (15 3)2 13
V 26
So, I 2 A , then P I 2 R 4 5 20 W
Z 13
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Alternating Current (Solutions)
Q.No. Solution
9. Answer (4)
C
Imax V
L
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Alternating Current (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
Q.No. Solution
100
= 100 90%
220 0.5
V2 R
Power P
2 1
2
R L
C
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Alternating Current (Solutions)
Q.No. Solution
1
0 resonant frequency
LC
R
Z = R Power factor cos = 1.
Z
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Alternating Current (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
Q.No. Solution
Z=
2
R 2 XC = 5 10 4
VC = 15 5 – 15
2 2
= 30 V
120 500
ES = 2.4 V
ES 10
2 .4 NP I
IS = = 0.16 A S
RL NS IP
500 0.16
IP = 3.2 mA
10 IP
Reading of V2 = 0
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Alternating Current (Solutions)
Q.No. Solution
Current increases
Bulb glows brighter.
Section-B
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (1, 3, 4)
In series LCR circuit
2
Vrms = (VR)2 + (VL – VC)2
obviously VR (170)2
Here VL and VC may be greater than 170 volt or less than 170 volt
2. Answer (2, 3)
Area
Mean current =
Time
1 T
I0
= 2 2
T
2
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Alternating Current (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
Q.No. Solution
I0
Im =
2
2I 0
As i = t
T
T /2
4I 02
t
2
dt
T2 2 4I 02 T 3 I2
i2 = 0
= = 0
T T 3 38 3
2
i0
irms = i2 =
3
3. Answer (2, 3)
1
XC
C
1
XC
C
C = KC
When XC is more, current is less, but VC is more.
4. Answer (1, 3)
XC = 100
XL = 50
I1
20 I1 100 F, 100
100 2
20 0.5 H 50
I2
50 2 I I1
20 V
1
I I I 2
1
2
2 0.3 A
10
V2 + V2 = (20)2
2V2 = 202
20
V
2
V 10 2 .
Section-C
Q.No. Solution
Comprehension
1. Answer (1)
2. Answer (3)
3. Answer (3)
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Alternating Current (Solutions)
Section-D
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (1)
The power in the external resistance R will be maximum, when external resistance is equal to internal
resistance.
2. Answer (2)
Resistor opposes the flow of electron in metallic conductor but an emf is induced in an inductor only
di
when current through it changes. The induced emf is given by e L . The direction of induced emf
dt
it such that is opposes the source emf.
3. Answer (1)
Section-E
Q.No. Solution
0
A = irms =
R 2
0
and iR =
R 2
(q) XL = 0, V1 = 0, V2 = V
V1 = IXL
V2 = IR
V 1 < V2
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Alternating Current (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
Q.No. Solution
(s) XL = 1.884
1 10
XC = 103
L 3
XC >> XL
V2 = IXC, V1 = IXL
(t) R = 1 k
10
XC 103
3
XC > R V2 > V 1
Also, V2 = IXL, V1 = IR.
Section-F
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (9)
1
C = 2 F, Ui CV12
2
1
106 2
2
V1 = 2 V
2
L = 1mH 2 106 J
V2 = 1 V
i1 = ?
When current is i1 , then total energy
1 2 1
LI CV22
2 2
1 1
103 i12 10 6 1
2
2 2
0.5 10 3 i12 0.5 106
Energy conservation
3 10 3 i12
i1 3 103 10 2 30 A
10 9
i i 10 2
3
10
i i 10 2 x, x 9
3
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Alternating Current (Solutions)
Q.No. Solution
2. Answer (2)
Section-G
Q.No. Solution
1. Answer (4)
Time varying magnetic field induces electric field which will accelerate the charged particle.
2. Answer (3)
Section-H
Q.No. Solution
–1
The complex impedance Z of a capacitor C is 1/iC, so if C = R 3 , Z R 3 /i – iR 3. Thus the
complex impedance ZU of the upper branch of the network between X and B is R 1 i 3 , and the
complex impedance ZL of the lower branch its R( i 3 ) . The complex impedance of ZU in parallel with
ZL is
ZU ZL
R 2 1 i 3 1– i 3 4R 2
2R.
ZU ZL 2R 2R
(ii and iii) It is easier to solve these together, finding the amplitudes and phases of the voltages VAX, VYX
and VZX simultaneously. We will use the complex exponential notation and, for convenience, set the
voltage at B to zero. The voltage at A can thus we written as V0(0), by which we mean a voltage of
amplitude V0 and phase angle zero, and we will use the notation VAB to refer to VA – VB, i.e., the
voltage at A minus the voltage at B, etc.
Since the impedance between B and A is 3R and the impedance between B and X is 2R (both real),
the voltage at X is given quite simply by
2 2
VX = VA V0 (0).
3 3
Considering the upper branch between X and B, we have a potential divider so that
VZ iR 3 i 3
.
VX R 1 i 3 1 i 3
The numerator of this expression has an amplitude of 3 and a phase angle of 90°, and the
1/2
2
denominator has an amplitude of 12 3 2 and a phase angle of tan–1 3 /1 60.
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Alternating Current (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
Q.No. Solution
The whole expression therefore has an amplitude of 3 /2 and a phase angle of 90° – 60° = 30°. Thus
VZ 3
(30),
VX 2
V0
so VZ (30)
3
VY iR 3 –i 3 3
(–30),
VX R 1– i 3 1– i 3 2
V0
so VY (–30) .
3
VAX = VA – VX = V0 –2V0/3 = V0/3, which, since it has a phase angle of zero, is in phase with the voltage
VAB.
V0 2V0
VYX = VY – VX (–30) – .
3 3
VX
VrX
VY
V0 2V0 V
cos(–30) – – 0,
3 3 6
V0 –V0
And the imaginary part is sin(–30) .
3 2 3
1
–
arc tan 2 3 –120.
1
–
6
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Alternating Current (Solutions)
Q.No. Solution
V0
Thus VYX = (–120).
3
V0 2V0
Finally, VZX = VZ – VX = (30) – .
3 3
VZX VZ
VX
2. Let the instantaneous value of emf applied be V and the corresponding currents are i, iL and iC then
i = iL + iC
V V V i iL
= + iC
Z R J L –J
C V C R
V VC
= –
R JL J L
V 2
= + JVC [ J = –1]
R JL
1 R – JL
= 2 + JC
R L
Z 2
=
R J CR 2 3 L2C – L
R L
2 2
1
=
Z
=
R 2 CR 2 3L2C – L
2
R 2 2L2
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Alternating Current (Solutions) Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
Q.No. Solution
1
will be minimum. when
Z
CR2 + 3L2C – L = 0
1 R2
= – 2
LC L
1 1 R2
f= – 2
2 LC L
XL = 9
3. 9 3
From the phasor diagram shown for LR circuit, tan 1 = = i2
12 4 z2
1 = 37°
1
4 R2 = 12
From the phasor diagram shown for RC. circuit, tan 2 =
3
2 = 53° R1 = 3
2
The phase difference between i1 and i2 is = 1 + 2
z1
= 37° + 53°
= 90° i1
XC = 4
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