Top SNPs To Look For

Top SNPs to Look for When You Suffer from Chronic Health Problems
These genes and SNPs are the SNPs you should pay attention to if you suffer from chronic
health problems like fatigue, brain fog, and autoimmune diseases.
SelfDecode has these genes and SNPs. To learn more about how your genetics may in uence
your health, get the $99 Ancestry genetic test from 23andme, and upload the raw data on
SelfDecode.
Metabolism Genes
PPAR alpha
PPAR alpha is a protein (transcription factor) that increases fat breakdown in the liver and
elsewhere. Good metabolism is important for energy production.
Activation of PPAR alpha can:

● promote uptake, utilization, and breakdown of fatty acids by increasing genes involved
in fatty acid transport, binding, activation, and oxidation
● increase glucose production and bile synthesis/secretion (R)
● PPAR-alpha is critical for normal responses to fasting. Without PPARa, there is major
metabolic disturbances including low levels of ketone bodies, hypoglycemia, and fatty
liver.
● help with the detoxi cation of drugs and toxins (R)
● increase Th2 and suppresses Th1 Immunity
● inhibit COX2, which means that it may reduce pain (R)
● increase IGF-1, which will help you build muscle (R)
● increase production of MTHFR (R)
SNPs inside PPAR alpha
1. RS135551
2. RS1800206
3. RS4253655
4. RS4253728
5. RS4253772
6. RS4823613
7. RS9615264

PPAR delta
PPAR delta functions as an integrator of various pathways.
PPAR delta
● increases fat burning in muscle and fat cells and increases energy expenditure. At lower
levels, it helps create fat cells (R, R2)
● is involved with the absorption of fat and cholesterol in the gut. Also, it helps the growth
of intestinal mucosa in response to fat (R)
Top SNPs list Page 1

● modulates in ammatory responses of macrophages and is linked to a signi cant rise in
HDL cholesterol. PPAR activation in the liver decreases liver glucose output, thereby
contributing to improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (R)
SNPs inside PPAR delta
1. RS1053049
2. RS1883322
3. RS2016520
4. RS2076167
5. RS2076169
6. RS2267668
7. RS4713858
8. RS6457821
9. RS6922548
10. RS7744392

PPAR gamma
● decreases blood glucose. (R)
● are generally anti-in ammatory
● help mice can live longer (and maybe people) (R)
● leads to increased energy expenditure, fat utilization, and excretion (R)
● decreases in ammation in your heart and reduces cholesterol (R)
● reduces blood pressure (R)
● decreases heart disease (R)
● combats diseases such as Multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer (R)
● can help IBD (Crohn's, colitis) (R)
● can cause weight gain in some ways (R)
● is not good for bone density. They increase bone destroying cells (osteoclasts) and
decrease bone-producing cells (osteoblasts)
● increases sebum, which can leads to acne (R)
People who have low PPAR gamma tend to be thin and not to gain weight easily, while also
more easily suffer from Th1 dominant health problems.
It's better to have this gene increased most of the time.
SNPs inside PPAR gamma

1. RS10865710
2. RS11128603
3. RS1175540
4. RS1175543
5. RS12636454
6. RS17036170
7. RS17036314

8. RS17819328
9. RS1797912
10. RS1801282
11. RS1805192
12. RS1899951
13. RS2197423
14. RS3856806

PGC-1alpha
PGC-1a is critical to proper mitochondrial function.
PGC-1alpha
● makes new mitochondria and improves its function.
● increases energy metabolism and weight loss
● may be involved in controlling blood pressure, regulating cellular cholesterol
homeostasis, and the development of obesity
● protects against neurodegenerative diseases
● decreases in ammation (R)
● decreases insulin resistance
● increases fatty acid burning by increasing the carnitine genes (CPT1A (R))
● increases Nrf2, which is important for detoxi cation and reducing oxidative stress (R).
● increases PXR, which plays an integral role in drug/toxin metabolism by regulating the
expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters (R)
● stimulates the expression of clock genes, notably Bmal1 and Rev-erb alpha (R)
SNPs inside PGC-1alpha
1. RS2970869
2. RS3774923
3. RS7665116
4. RS8192678

SIRT1
SIRT1 is a protein or vehicle that requires NAD+ to function. SIRT1 take acetyl groups off of
proteins. Sirtuins (like SIRT1) keeps proteins in service longer than usual, allowing them to live
longer and saving energy on other processes.
SIRT1
● enzymes “turn off” certain genes that promote aging, such as those involved in
in ammation, fat synthesis and storage, and blood sugar management (R).
● powerfully reverses leptin resistance (R)
● make you more sensitive to T3 (R)
● makes you more sensitive to vitamin D

● inhibits IGF-1 (R)

● inhibits mTOR (R)
● protects you from nitric oxide (R)
● probably overall increases adiponectin release from fat cells
● overproduction can impair liver regeneration to a degree (R)
● deacetylates p53, which decreases its ability to function as an anti-tumor protein (R).
● lowers IGF-1 and its receptors. It can cause some downsides to less IGF-1, including
less neuroprotection and more likely for your neurons to die (R).
● can contribute to cancer by inhibiting DNA repair enzymes
A reduction in SIRT1 and SIRT3 enzymes can lead to neurodegeneration the brain,
in ammation, increased fat storage and production, insulin resistance, and fatigue (R).
SNPs inside SIRT1

1. Rs12778366:
● It’s thought that the C allele causes increased gene production of SIRT1.
● People with the C allele have an almost 30% reduced risk of dying during an
18-year follow-up study in the general population.
● Obese people with the C allele especially had better glucose tolerance
compared to people with the T allele (R).
● TT was at a higher risk for diabetes (R).

SIRT3
SIRT3 is a mitochondrial protein and has also been studied in regards to longevity and
metabolic syndrome.
SIRT3
● is involved in controlling reactive oxygen species in the cell. Higher levels of SIRT3 are
connected to longevity
● is involved in metabolism, and a study with mice lacking SIRT3 had greater obesity and
insulin resistance on a high-fat diet
● is important for activating enzymes that break down and burn fat for energy.
Simultaneously, SIRT3 decreases carb metabolism (R)
● increases increase acetyl-CoA , which is the fuel for the Kreb cycle (R)
● directly stimulates the Krebs cycle to increase energy production (R)
● promotes mitochondrial function (R)
● increases the activity of SOD2 (MnSOD), reducing oxidative and radiation stress in
mice and this is one mechanism by which calorie restriction helps combat oxidative
stress (R)
● is important for getting into ketosis (R)
● activates AMPK (R)
● inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor, which suppresses tumor growth (R)

● decreases the synthesis of proteins in the mitochondria (R).

● May contribute to the hallmarks of cancer, such as resisting cell death, genomic
instability, and mutation, sustaining proliferative signaling, dysregulation of cellular
energetics, tumor-promoting in ammation and growth suppressors (R).
A reduction in SIRT1 and SIRT3 enzymes can lead to neurodegeneration the brain,
in ammation, increased fat storage and production, insulin resistance, and fatigue (R).
SNPs inside SIRT3

1. RS11246020
2. RS11555236
3. RS7104764

Leptin
Leptin (encoded by the LEP gene) is a satiety hormone that is produced by the body's fat cells
(R). The more body fat we carry, the more leptin we produce (R).

Leptin gets released in the blood and goes into the brain, where it sends a satiety signal to the
hypothalamus. Leptin tells the brain that we have enough fat stored, that we don't need to eat,
and that we can burn calories at a normal rate (R).

Chronically elevated leptin levels are associated with in ammation, obesity, overeating, and
in ammation-related diseases, including hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and heart disease
(R).
Leptin plays a pro-in ammatory role and promotes the switch of memory T cells towardsTh1
cell immune responses (R, R2).

SNPs inside of Leptin
1. RS2167270
2. RS4731426
3. RS6700896

FTO
FTO genes are implicated in obesity.
● seems to cause weight gain

● has different effects based on the tissue in which it's found. When scientists
engineered mice to not have hypothalamic FTO, it caused a mild reduction in body
weight (R)
● inhibits the Uncoupling Protein 1 (Ucp1), which turns white fat to brown fat (R)
When mice had their FTO gene deleted, their fat cells were smaller on a high fat diet (R).

Some of the effects of FTO might results from its long-range regulatory alteration of another
gene: Irx3 (R).
SNPs inside FTO

1. RS10852521
2. RS11075990
3. RS11075995
4. RS11076008
5. RS1121980
6. RS11642841
7. RS12149832
8. RS12596210
9. RS1421084
10. RS1421085
11. RS1477196
12. RS1558902
13. RS16945088
14. RS16953002
15. RS17817449
16. RS17817964
17. RS17818902
18. RS1861868
19. RS3751812
20. RS62033400
21. RS6499640
22. RS7185735
23. RS7187423
24. RS7193144
25. RS7202116
26. RS8043757
27. RS8044769
28. RS8047395
29. RS8050136
30. RS9922619
31. RS9930333
32. RS9930506
33. RS9936385
34. RS9937053
35. RS9939609
36. RS9939973
37. RS9940128
38. RS9941349

Adiponectin
Adiponectin is found explicitly in fat tissues.

● involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and other metabolic processes, such as
regulating glucose levels (R). Mutations of this gene are associated with a weakened
ability to break down fatty acids (R).
● suppress metabolic derangements that can lead to type 2 diabetes, obesity,
atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and low levels is an independent risk
factor for metabolic syndrome (R).
● may play a role in cell growth, the formation of new blood vessels, and tissue
remodeling by binding and sequestering various growth factors (R).
● stimulates AMPK, which is a pathway involved in increasing energy production (R, R2).
It also enhancing glucose utilization and fatty-acid combustion in the liver and the
muscle (R).
● Adiponectin reduces and blocks the effects of the in ammatory cytokine TNF-alpha (R,
R2) and inhibits NF-Kappa-B (R).

Females have higher levels of adiponectin compared to males (R). The concentration of
adiponectin increases when calories are restricted such as in eating disorders (R).
Levels of adiponectin are reduced in diabetics in comparison to non-diabetics (R).

It is better to have this gene increased most of the time.

SNPs inside Adiponectin
1. RS1063539
2. RS10937273
3. RS1501299
4. RS1648707
5. RS16861194
6. RS16861205
7. RS17300539
8. RS17366568
9. RS17366743
10. RS182052
11. RS2241766
12. RS2241767
13. RS266729
14. RS6773957

15. RS6810075
16. RS822387
17. RS822395
18. RS822396
19. RS864265

APOE
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) transports fat-soluble vitamins and cholesterol into the lymph
system and then into the blood. Certain APOE varieties may lead to increased risk of heart
disease, high cholesterol, in ammation, depression and cancer (R).
APOE
● is anti-in ammatory.
● suppresses T cell proliferation, macrophage functioning regulation, natural killer T cell
activation and overall decreases in ammation and oxidation
● helps break down the amyloid beta that is believed to contribute to Alzheimer's
● participates in cholesterol redistribution from cells with excess cholesterol to those
requiring it, thus reducing cholesterol levels (R)
● prevents atherosclerosis (R)
● reduces the risk to develop age-related macular degeneration and in ammation (R)
● decreased problems in snoring and sleep apnea (in adults without dementia) (R)
● interacts with lipid levels in the brain to play a role in causing brain hemorrhages (R)
● interactions with other genes are related to higher cancer susceptibility (R)
SNPs inside APOE

1. RS1065853
2. RS405509
3. RS429358
4. RS438811
5. RS439401
6. RS440446
7. RS445925
8. RS449647
9. RS7412
10. RS769449
11. RS769452
12. RS769455


Oxidative Stress Genes

SOCS3
Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) is elevated in mold illness and some types of
chronic in ammation. SOCS3 causes subsequent leptin resistance, obesity, and glucose
intolerance (R, R2).
● suppresses cancer growth by decreasing Th17 cytokines (R)

● suppresses breast cancer (R) as well as many other cancers (R, R2)
● slows liver tumor growth (R)
● may prevent liver cell death, liver cancer, and liver failure (R)
● may prevent heart dysfunctions (R)
● causes leptin resistance (R)
● causes Insulin resistance (R)
● causes obesity (R)
● can increase risks for developing obesity and type II diabetes during pregnancy (R)
● may be a contributing cause of preterm labor (R)
● reduces the activity of pancreatic cells, which could cause type 2 diabetes by lowering
insulin secretion (R)
SNPs inside SOCS3
1. RS4969168
2. RS4969170

SOD2
Superoxide dismutases are enzymes that transform the superoxide (O2-) radical into either
ordinary oxygen (O2) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). SOD is an important antioxidant defense
in nearly all living cells exposed to oxygen.
● plays a protective role against oxidative stress, ionizing radiation, and in ammatory
cytokines
● transforms superoxide produced by your mitochondria into the less toxic hydrogen
peroxide and oxygen
● clears mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and confer protection against cell
death
● inhibits bacterial clearance (R)
Overproduction has been linked to increased invasiveness of tumor metastasis – presumably
because superoxide is needed to kill cancer. Increased superoxide will cause DNA damage and
start cancer (R).
SNPs inside SOD2

1. RS4880
● The GG genotype is much more common in my brain fog clients because brain
fog is most commonly a result of oxidative stress.
● People who have AA tend to have a lot of other bad genes or might have an
infection – because having less superoxide in this case might not be bene cial.
2. RS10370
3. RS2758331
4. RS2758339
5. RS2758346

Nrf2
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, also known as NFE2L2 or Nrf2, is a protein
(transcription factor). Nrf2 increases the production of antioxidant proteins that protect
against oxidative damage triggered by injury and in ammation.

Substances that stimulate the Nrf2 pathway are being studied for the treatment of diseases
that are caused by oxidative stress.

It responds to injury and in ammation (R).

SNPs inside of Nrf2
1. RS10183914
2. RS16865105
3. RS1806649
4. RS1962142
5. RS2001350
6. RS2886161
7. RS35652124
8. RS6706649
9. RS6721961
10. RS6726395
11. RS7557529


Methylation Genes
MTHFR
MTHFR is responsible for converting 5, 10-methylene THF to 5-methyl THF, which is essential
for the conversion of the amino acid homocysteine to methionine (R, R1). This enzyme is very
important for the production of DNA and methylation pathways that are essential for all
bodily functions (R).
● plays a central role in transformation of folate to form S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)

● affects DNA methylation status.
● MTHFR C677T (RS1801133 ) mutation is associated with reduced enzyme activity,
elevated total homocysteine levels and altered distribution of folate (R).
● MTHFR A1298C (RS1801131) mutation impacts on the MTHFR activity and the
homocysteine levels but to a lesser extent as opposed to C677T (R).
SNPs inside MTHFR
1. RS1801133 :
The C677T Polymorphism (RS1801133) is associated with increased risk for the following
conditions (assuming an A allele):
● Strokes of various kinds in different populations (R, R1, R2, R3) and stroke in
children (R)
● Heart disease if lower folate levels (R)
● High blood pressure (R)
● Male infertility especially in Asian populations (homozygous AA) (R, R1, R2, R3)
● Depression (R)
● Autism spectrum disorders (R, R1, R2, R3)
● Brain disorders: Alzheimer’s (R, R1), Dementia (R), and Parkinson’s (R, R1)
● Multiple sclerosis but the evidence in controversial (R, R1, R2)
● Rheumatoid Arthritis (R)
● ADHD (A1298C) (R)
● Migraines (R, R1, R2)
● Diabetes and diabetic kidney problems (nephropathy) in patients with type II
diabetes. The risks vary between Caucasian, Asian, Arabic and Chinese Han
populations (R, R1, R2, R3).
● Schizophrenia (R, R1)
● Unipolar depressive disorder and bipolar disorder (R, R1)
● Cancer (R, R1).
● Hearing impairment (R)
● Lower Bone Mineral Density in the spine and neck (R)
● Cluster Headache (R)
● Epilepsy (R)

● Recurrent pregnancy loss (R, R1)

● Cleft lip and palate (R)
● Lower Luteinizing Hormone (R)
● Cataracts (R)
● More severe colitis (R)
2. RS1801131: The A1298C polymorphism is associated with increased risk for High
blood pressure (R) and ADHD (R)
3. RS1476413
4. RS17367504
5. RS17375901
6. RS2066470
7. RS2274976
8. RS4846049
9. RS4846051

CBS
The CBS gene encodes an enzyme called cystathionine beta-synthase. It is responsible for
using vitamin B6 to convert homocysteine and serine to a molecule called cystathionine.
Mutations in this gene can cause homocysteine and other potentially toxic compounds build
up in the blood (R).
● is involved in the production of hydrogen sul de, a gasotransmitter with signaling and
protective effects on neurons
● is important in using vitamin B6 to convert several amino acids along a pathway (serine,
homocysteine) into cystathionine (R)
● is increased in stroke victims, increasing the amount of hydrogen sul de in the brain,
which exacerbates stroke symptoms (R)
● SNPs can cause homocystinuria, an autosomal recessive disease. Symptoms of
homocystinuria include nearsightedness, risk of blood clotting, osteoporosis,
dislocation at the front of the eye of the lens, and sometimes, developmental issues (R)
Higher levels of CBS have been found in colon cancer and hydrogen sul de which is a
byproduct of CBS, has been proven to increase tumor growth and proliferation (R)
It's better to have this gene increased most of the time, except in patients with stroke and
colorectal cancer.
SNPs inside CBS

1. RS1789953: Women with SNP rs1789953 have increased levels of cysteine and
cystathionine (R)
2. RS11203172: is associated with a decreased risk for early-onset preeclampsia, a
pregnancy complication marked by hypertension and proteinuria (protein in the urine)
(R).
3. RS1801181

4. RS2298758
5. RS234706
6. RS234709
7. RS234714
8. RS2851391
9. RS492003
10. RS5742905
11. RS6586282

BHMT
Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase catalyzes the conversion of betaine and
homocysteine to dimethylglycine and methionine. It is produced most in the kidney and liver
(R).
Defects in the gene can cause vascular diseases and birth defects (R).

SNPs inside of BHMT
1. RS3733890
2. RS506500
3. RS558133
4. RS567754
5. RS585800
6. RS617219
7. RS651852
8. RS7700970

COMT
● breaks down dopamine mostly in the part of the brain responsible for higher cognitive
or executive function (prefrontal cortex) (R). It also breaks down epinephrine and
norepinephrine.
● helps break down estrogen byproducts that have the potential to cause DNA
mutations and cause cancer (R)
● introduces a methyl group to the catecholamine (dopamine, epinephrine, and
norepinephrine), which is donated by S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) (R)
● helps with methylation, including in the gut (R)
● is decreased by estrogen (R), such that overall COMT activity in prefrontal cortex and
other tissues is about 30% lower in females than in males (R)
● diminished COMT activity translates to about 30% higher baseline Dopamine levels in
females than males (R)


SNPs inside COMT
1. RS4680 (COMT V158M) The A allele results in 3 to 4-fold decrease in COMT enzyme
activity (R, R2).
This gene variant has been found to affect executive functions such as cognitive exibility,
impulse control, abstract thought, and being able to follow rules or task structure. (R)

If you have AA then you will have the highest dopamine, while GG results in the lowest
dopamine. AG is somewhere in the middle.

Either too little or too much Dopamine can decrease cognitive performance (R).

Under stress, dopamine increases. High dopamine producers (AA) will perform worse under
stress because they will have too much dopamine. Low dopamine producers (GG) will perform
better because now they’ll have an optimal level.

Most of the research involves AA and GG because you can nd more statistically signi cant
differences between these.

People with AG have COMT levels that is midway between that of AA and GG (R).

2. Rs4633– boys with TT had worse cognitive performance when acutely exposed to
mercury (R).
3. Rs6269– boys with AA had worse cognitive performance when acutely exposed to
mercury (R).
4. Rs165599 – The G allele is associated with Bipolar 1 and GG is associated with poorer
performance on verbal memory and learning test in healthy people compared to
AA/AG (lower dopamine in prefrontal cortex). It’s assumed that the worse verbal
memory performance contributes to Bipolar (R).
5. Rs737865 – Haplotype associated with panic and anxiety disorder: rs737865 (T),
rs4680 (G) and rs165599 (G) (R).
6. RS165722
7. RS165774
8. RS2020917
9. RS2239393
10. RS4646312
11. RS4646316
12. RS5993882
13. RS6267
14. RS737866
15. RS769224

Genes involved in Glucose Regulation

GSK3beta
GSK3B (Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta) is an enzyme associated with energy metabolism,
neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation (R).
GSK3 has been implicated in various diseases such as diabetes, in ammation, cancer,
Alzheimer’s and bipolar disorder (R).
● could be useful in prostate, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, pancreatic and colorectal

cancer therapy
● improve insulin response and maintain proper glucose levels (R)
● is important for reducing anxiety and depression by way of serotonin pathway effects
(R)
● in the brain (forebrain) increases sociability, which would mean that it can be useful for
autism (R)
● in the hippocampus and striatum increases resilience to defeat and decreases
responsiveness to psychostimulants (R)
● stimulates the regeneration of myelin forming cells and remyelination (R)
● stimulates axon regeneration in injured cortical connections (R)
● may reduce the formation of amyloid plaques, a hallmark of Alzheimer's (R)
● has anti-diabetic effects in test tubes and animal models (R)
● reduces anxiety and depression by way of serotonin pathway effects (R)
● is involved in the resistance to oxidative stress (R)
It's better to have this gene decreased most of the time.
SNPs inside GSK3B

1. RS12630592
2. RS13321783
3. RS2319398
4. RS334558
5. RS3755557
6. RS4072520
7. RS6438552
8. RS6805251

mTOR
This gene codes for a kinase, mechanistic target of rapamycin. It mediates cellular responses to
stress (R).
● activation allows us to put on more muscle (and fat) (R)

● (in rats) activation in the hypothalamus has been shown to decrease food intake and
body weight (R)
● increases ATP production and creates new mitochondria (R)
● involved in various forms of synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation (R)
● overactivation causes defects in plasticity and memory (R)
● contributes to a large number of human diseases, including cancer, obesity, type 2
diabetes, depression and neurodegeneration (R)
● can be responsible for acne as well (R)
● promotes Th1 and Th17 immunity, which can lead to increased intestinal in ammation
(R)
● reduction improves insulin sensitivity in muscle cells (R)
Diseases associated with mTOR activation:
● Aging (R)
● Cancer (R) (breast cancer (R))
● Autoimmune disease – increases Th1 and Th17
● Depression (R)
● Diabetes (R)
● Alzheimer’s (R)
● Macular degeneration (R)
● Kidney disease (R)
● Epilepsy (R)
● Autism (R)
● Chronic pain (R)
SNPs inside mTOR

1. RS10779751
2. RS17036350
3. RS2295080
4. RS74225573

GLUT4
Also known as SLC2A4 (Solute carrier family 2 member 4). It is an insulin-regulated facilitative
glucose transporter.
● encodes a protein that functions as an insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter

● (in the absence of insulin) is kept inside the cells of muscle and adipose tissue. Within
minutes of insulin stimulation, the protein moves to the cell surface and begins to
transport glucose across the cell membrane
● mutations gene have been associated with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

● is involved in biological processes such as carbohydrate metabolic process, cellular

response to hypoxia, cellular response to insulin stimulus, glucose homeostasis,
glucose import, glucose transport, and response to ethanol
SNPs inside GLUT4
1. RS5415

Genes involved in Neurotransmitters and Brain

Health
BDNF
In the brain, BDNF is active in the hippocampus, cortex, and forebrain—areas vital to learning,
memory, and higher thinking. Hence, BDNF is important for long-term memory (R).
● plays a role in neuroplasticity, which allows nerve cells in the brain to compensate for
the injury, new situations or changes in the environment (R)
● helps to support the survival of existing neurons and encourages the growth,
regeneration and creation of new neurons and synapses (R)
● can help you lose weight. BDNF suppresses food intake through hippocampal signaling
(R)
● increases energy metabolism in obese diabetic animals (R)
● can potentially help with number of devastating brain disorders, including Alzheimer’s
disease, Parkinson’s disease, Lou Gehrig’s disease, and Huntington’s Disease (HD) (R)
● triggers slow wave sleep (R)
● can even be thought of as a natural anti-depressant (R)
● improved insulin resistance in the oral glucose tolerance test in mice (R)
● increases insulin sensitivity (R)
● causes blood pressure to increase, which is perhaps the most signi cant risk factor for
heart disease
● may play a role in promoting social relationships through a speci c decrease of
avoidance and fear of stranger and unfamiliar individuals (R)
Increased BDNF in forebrain may cause dif culty learning and poor memory formation (R).
SNPs inside BDNF
1. RS6265 :
● CC has has about 20 minutes more Slow wave sleep (stage 3/4) and increased
sleep intensity compared to CT (R)
● CC had higher mean intelligence (R)
● CC has a higher risk of depression (1.7X) (R)
● CC has a higher risk for allergies (R)
● TT have lower BMI compared to the two other genotypes (R)

● The T allele is associated with lower systolic blood pressure (R)

● The T allele is maybe less susceptible to degenerative neurological disorders
like Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, Lupus, MS (R, R2)
● The T allele may also be protective against depression when subjected to
repeated defeat (R)
● TT has more anxiety (R)
● T is slower in stroke-victim recoverers (R)
● CT was associated with both ADHD and Intellectual disability, and the C allele
was signi cantly associated with ADHD (R)
2. RS11030101
3. RS11030104
4. RS12273363
5. RS12273539
6. RS2049046
7. RS56164415
8. RS7103411
9. RS8192466

5-HT1A
5-HT1A receptor activation induces the secretion of many hormones, including cortisol,
prolactin, growth hormone, and ACTH (R).
5-HT1A activation
● stimulates the vagus nerve
● reduces fatigue (R)
● increases sex drive and arousal
● improves cognitive functions associated with the prefrontal cortex
● increases dopamine in the medial prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus
● decreases aggression
● decreases food intake
● decreases blood pressure and heart rate
● decreases nausea
● decreases pain perception (R)
● decreases drug-seeking
● inhibits penile erection
● takes longer to get to REM sleep
● impairs certain aspects of memory and learning
SNPS inside 5-HT1A
1. RS10042486
2. RS1364043
3. RS1494630
4. RS6295

5-HT2A
Activation of 5HT2A receptors can contribute to many problems, including anxiety,
depression, fatigue, OCD, sleep problems, etc. However, some good effects include lowered
heart rate and blood pressure and reduced in ammatory effects.
Activation of 5HT2A receptors is on the whole bad.
5-HT2A activation
● contributes to anxiety and neuroticism (R)
● increased TGF-beta (R)
● decreased glutathione (R)
● contributes to obesity (R)
● reduced BDNF (R)
● increased arachidonic acid, which can be in ammatory (R)
● contributes to suicide and depression. Suicidal and otherwise depressed patients have
had more 5-HT2A receptors than normal patients (R)
● contributes to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (R)
● can cause insomnia and sleep problems (R)
● contributes to IBS (R)
● decreases Slow Wave Sleep (R)
● is associated with OCD (R)
● contributes to pain (R)
● contributes to autism - Autistic people have more 5HT2A receptors (in platelets) (R)
● increased platelet clumping (R), which can worsen blood ow and cause heart disease.
● decreased sexual function (R)
● lowers heart rate and lowers blood pressure (mediated by the vagus nerve) (R, R2)
● reduces in ammatory effects in several tissues including the heart and gut (especially
against TNF-induced in ammation)
● enhances dopamine in the areas responsible for a higher level of thinking (PFC), which
enhances memory and plays a role in attention and learning
● reduces pressure in the eye
● increases oxytocin and ACTH (activation of the 5-HT2A in the hypothalamus)
● increases testosterone (R)

SNPs inside 5-HT2A
1. RS6311 -1438 G/A
○ TT is associated with depression, panic disorder, and a higher stress response.
The T allele was associated with a reduction in general health, vitality, and
social function (R).
○ The C allele is associated with an extraverted personality, Rheumatoid
Arthritis, and novelty seeking (R).

2. RS6313 T102C or C102T

○ The A allele was associated with lower general health and social function scores
(R).
○ GG is more common in suicide attempters (R).
○ The G allele has been associated with higher extraversion personality scores
among borderline personality disorder patients and the presence of visual and
auditory hallucinations in patients with late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (R).
○ In schizophrenia, GG tends to do worse on working memory tasks than do
individuals with an A allele (R).
3. RS6314 C1354T His452Tyr
○ The A allele causes a blunted signal after activation (R).
○ AA had signi cantly greater mental fatigue scores than the AG (and greater
than GG) (R).
○ AG is associated with ADHD, better response to antidepressants, worse
memory (R).
○ GG had a better memory (R).
○ GG or AG has higher rheumatoid arthritis risk (R).
4. RS5443 C825T – GNB3
○ TT carriers respond better to Viagra, more likely to be obese and hypertensive,
suffer from SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction, and respond to triptans for
migraines
○ T allele carriers are 2-3 fold more likely to be obese in Caucasian, Chinese, and
African American populations (R).
○ T carriers are clearly at higher risk for hypertension (R).
○ TT women gain signi cantly more weight during pregnancy CT or CC women
and had a signi cantly higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (R).
5. RS7997012
○ AA=18% more likely to respond to antidepressant-citalopram, which decreases
5-HT2A. (R).
6. RS1923884
○ The C allele is associated with higher physical fatigue, less vitality, and CFS (R).
○ Although common, CC had signi cantly lower vitality than TT homozygotes (R).
7. RS2296972: Number of A alleles is associated with panic disorder (R).
8. RS12583882
9. RS7984966
10. RS9316233

5-HT2C
The 5-HT2C receptors have some good and bad properties. Overall, they’re bad.
Activation is responsible for fatigue, low dopamine/being unmotivated, OCD, anxiety, an
overactive nervous system and HPA axis, weight loss and low insulin.


5-HT2C receptor activation

● causes depression and anxiety (R, R2)
● causes fatigue
● increases pain from in ammation (R)
● can increase the risk of circadian issues
● decreases appetite (R)
● lessens pain (R, R2)
● is decreased in epilepsy (R)
● 5HT2C activators reduce alcohol addiction in animals
SNPs inside 5-HT2C
1. RS6318: The C allele results in a faster and stronger HPA activation when a 5-HT2C
activator is given, which means that people with such an allele will do worse with
serotonin (R).
2. RS1414334
3. RS3813928
4. RS3813929
5. RS518147

TPH1
● is involved in metabolism, metabolic pathways, and tryptophan metabolism
● is involved in bone remodeling
● affects the circadian rhythm
● positively regulates fat cell differentiation
● helps in the response to immobilization stress
● is part of the serotonin biosynthesis process
SNPs inside TPH1
1. RS1799913
2. RS211105
3. RS7933505

TPH2
TPH2 is the most important enzyme that makes serotonin (rate limiting) (R). TPH2 is produced
most signi cantly in the brainstem (R).
● variants with impaired enzyme activity could cause a de ciency of serotonin

production and result in an increased risk of developing behavioral disorders (R)
● mutations may be associated with psychiatric diseases such as bipolar, major
depression (R) and ADHD (R)
SNPS inside TPH2
1. RS10506645
2. RS10879357

3. RS11178997
4. RS1386491
5. RS1386494
6. RS1487275
7. RS1487278
8. RS1571218
9. RS17110563
10. RS17110690
11. RS1843809
12. RS2171363
13. RS4290270
14. RS4565946
15. RS4570625
DAT
Also known as SLC6A3, this gene encodes a protein dopamine transporter, which transports
dopamine into the cell (R).
● plays a role in thought, motivation, behavior, and control of movement (R)

● has mutations are associated with autism and ADHD (R)
● has at least 19 mutations that have been identi ed in people with dopamine
transporter de ciency syndrome, a rare movement disorder that worsens over time.
SNPs inside DAT
1. RS2652511
2. RS27048
3. RS27072
4. RS2937639
5. RS37022
6. RS40184
7. RS403636
8. RS460000
9. RS463379
10. RS464049
11. RS6347
12. RS6350
13. RS6869645

DRD1
This gene encodes D1 dopamine receptors, which regulates neuronal growth and behavior (R).
● improves mood and lowers anxiety

● expresses primarily in the caudate putamen in humans

● is the most abundant dopamine receptor in the brain. It stimulates adenylate cyclase
SNPs inside DRD1

1. RS12652255
2. RS1799914
3. RS251925
4. RS265981
5. RS4336372
6. RS4532
7. RS5326
8. RS686

DRD2
The D2 receptor prevents potentiation of glutamate responses in the ventral tegmental area
(VTA) neurons. Repeated cocaine treatment causes loss of D2 dopamine receptor functional
responses, which is one mechanism of cocaine-induced pleasure/addiction.
● stimulation in T cells has been shown to inhibit activated T cell receptor (TCR)-induced
cell proliferation and secretion of IL-2, IFN-³, and IL-4 (R)
● receptors are important for moda nil induced wakefulness and wakefulness in general
(R, R2)
● inhibits adenylyl cyclase
Reduced dopamine D2 receptors correlate with poor behavioral control across species (R, R2,
R3, R4).
It's better to have this gene increased most of the time, except in patients with psychosis or
schizophrenia.
SNPs inside DRD2

1. RS1076560
2. RS1079596
3. RS1079597
4. RS1079727
5. RS11214606
6. RS1125394
7. RS12364283
8. RS1799732
9. RS1799978
10. RS1800496
11. RS1800497
12. RS1800498
13. RS1801028
14. RS2242592

15. RS2283265
16. RS2734839
17. RS4436578
18. RS4648317
19. RS4648319
20. RS6277
21. RS6279

DRD5
Plays a role in ADHD, the initiation of smoking, Parkinson's, Schizophrenia.
DRD5 activation:
● Increases BDNF in the prefrontal cortex.
● Is concentrated in the limbic system
● Increases Th17 cells, IL23
● Lowers blood pressure
● Reduces NK Cells and activity
● Increases excretion of sodium
● Increases learning and memory
● Causes consolidation of fear memories in amygdala
● Reduces amphetamine-induced activity

CNR1
CNR1 codes for the CB1 cannabinoid receptor. The cannabinoid system plays an important
role in neural plasticity, stress response, and learning and memory (R).

CB1 receptors are found in particularly high density in regions known to play a role in
emotional regulation and memory, and regions suggested to play a role in ADHD, emotional
regulation, and other psychiatric disorders (e.g., bipolar, mood, anxiety disorders) (R)
● is also important in dampening intestinal in ammation in humans. It increases
intestinal ow/motility (R)
● receptors are found primarily in the brain and appear to impact predominately the
GABA and Glutamate systems (R), but also affects the dopamine and serotonin
systems
SNPs inside CNR1

1. RS1049353
2. RS12720071

3. RS6454674
4. RS7766029
5. RS806368
6. RS806377
7. RS806378
8. RS806380
9. RS9450906

CNR2
This gene encodes the cannabinoid receptor 2, which is the receptor that is responsible for
cannabis's anti-in ammatory effect (R). It doesn't have any psychoactive effects.
CB2 receptors may function in in ammatory response, nociceptive transmission and bone
homeostasis.
SNPs inside CNR2

1. RS2229579
2. RS2501431

SERT
SERT (also known as SLC6A4) encodes a protein that transports serotonin.
● stops the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner (R)

● mutations have been shown to affect the rate of serotonin uptake and may cause
sudden infant death syndrome, aggressive behavior in Alzheimer disease patients, and
depression susceptibility in people experiencing emotional trauma (R)
SNPs inside SERT
1. RS11867581
2. RS2020934
3. RS2129785
4. RS25532
5. RS4251417

FAAH
Fatty acid amide hydrolase or FAAH metabolizes anandamide to arachidonic acid. Anandamide
is our natural cannabinoid bliss molecule. Anandamide will activate the cannabinoid/CB1
receptor and interact with CB1 receptor SNPs.

● Genetic deletion of FAAH in animal studies produces antidepressant-like effects, and

this is thought to be mediated by increased serotonin and noradrenaline transmission
(R).
● Mice completely lacking FAAH experience less pain, seizures, and less motility (R).
● Having lower FAAH enzyme activity can have some good effects. Anandamide
enhances levels of adenosine outside of cells and induces sleep (R).
● FAAH is found in the brain, small intestine, pancreas and muscle (R).
It's better to have this gene decreased most of the time.
SNPs inside FAAH

1. RS2295633
● G= more common, maybe higher FAAH activity (R).
● G subjects showed more intense recollections of traumatic events and of
negative childhood experiences (R).
● GG=higher arousal and lower fatigue levels after amphetamine ingestion (R).
2. RS324420
● A=lower FAAH.
● AA=high anandamide, 5X higher risk for substance abuse, does better with
lower fat, more Slow wave sleep, lower risk of PTSD (fear extinction in the
amygdala) and less awake after 10 mg amphetamines (but not 20 mg).
● AA is calmer/less anxious, has lower enzyme activity, higher anandamide,
enjoys pot less, less likely to get addicted to pot, does better with extinction
therapy in PTSD (R).
● In some studies (but not all), A is associated with obesity (R).
● AA and AC have a higher rate of anorexia (R).
● The A allele was associated with lower HDL levels (R)
● Those with CC suffer more severe withdrawal when they stop using cannabis
(R).
3. RS3766246
● G=possibly higher FAAH.
● GG=higher Arousal levels (lower fatigue) after amphetamine ingestion (R).
● Increased arousal has been linked with reduced FAAH activity in animal
models, thus suggesting possible higher FAAH activity in G allele carriers (R).
4. RS324419
NPSR1 (the OCD gene)
NPSR1 is expressed in the brain, where it modulates anxiety and responses to stress, but also
in other tissues and cell types including lymphocytes, the lungs, and the intestine, where it
appears to be increased in in ammation (R). Less NPSR1 activation results in early onset OCD.
NPSR1 activation:
● increased wakefulness,
● activates the immune systems

● delays sleep and decreased anxiety

● causes IBD
● causes asthma
● causes rheumatoid arthritis
It is therefore better to have this gene decreased most of the time.
SNPs inside NPSR1
1. RS1379928
2. RS2530545
3. RS2530547
4. RS324377
5. RS324981
6. RS324987
7. RS34705969
8. RS6972158
9. RS727162
10. RS740347

Genes Involved with the Gut and Predisposition

for Autoimmunity
HLA-DQ genes encode receptors that are found outside of antigen-presenting cells such as
macrophages and dendritic cells. Some types of HLA-DQ genes are involved in autoimmune
diseases.
HLA-DQA1
The HLA-DQA1 gene encodes a protein that plays an important role in the immune system.
● helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by
foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria (R)
● provide instructions for making proteins that are present on the surface of certain
immune system cells
● mutations can cause many different autoimmune disorders, diabetes, celiac disease,
narcolepsy, and arthritis (R)
Combinations of variations in the HLA-DQA1 gene and other HLA genes affect the risk of type
1 diabetes.
SNPs inside HLA-DQA1

1. RS113653754 5. RS204999 9. RS2844482
2. RS1800683 6. RS2187668 10. RS2857708
3. RS2009658 7. RS2239704 11. RS2858870
4. RS2040406 8. RS28421666 12. RS3021304

13. RS3129763 28. RS76901167 43. RS9271588

14. RS3135388 29. RS7744020 44. RS9271640
15. RS35597309 30. RS7762619 45. RS9271858
16. RS3957148 31. RS915654 46. RS9272105
17. RS4530903 32. RS9268528 47. RS9272143
18. RS4713555 33. RS9268542 48. RS9272219
19. RS477515 34. RS9270965 49. RS9272346
20. RS602875 35. RS9270984 50. RS9272535
21. RS615672 36. RS9270986 51. RS9273076
22. RS6457617 37. RS9271100 52. RS9273349
23. RS660895 38. RS9271117 53. RS9273363
24. RS674313 39. RS9271192 54. RS9273373
25. RS6906021 40. RS9271209 55. RS928815
26. RS6927022 41. RS9271348 56. RS9461776
27. RS746868 42. RS9271366

HLA-DQB1
HLA-DQB1 (major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1) encodes a class 2 molecule
that plays an important role in the immune system. It is important for bone marrow transplants
(R).
HLA-DQB1
● provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune
system
● helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by
foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria
● might increases the risk of developing the sleep disorder narcolepsy
Combinations of its gene variants may increase the risk of developing celiac disease, a disorder
in which in ammation damages the intestinal tract and other organs and tissues.
Combinations of variations in the HLA-DQB1 gene and other HLA genes affect the risk of type
1 diabetes.
Autoimmune disorders that have been associated with HLA-DQB1 include multiple sclerosis,
pemphigus, and type 1 diabetes.
SNPs inside HLA-DQB1

1. RS10484561 8. RS11752643 15. RS2647044
2. RS1063355 9. RS12525220 16. RS2647045
3. RS113653754 10. RS13192471 17. RS2647046
4. RS114042950 11. RS17212223 18. RS2647050
5. RS114092478 12. RS1794265 19. RS2854275
6. RS114388793 13. RS1794275 20. RS2856683
7. RS116569761 14. RS2647012 21. RS2856717

22. RS2856718 34. RS6906021 46. RS9275319

23. RS2858331 35. RS6935723 47. RS9275326
24. RS3104402 36. RS7744020 48. RS9275390
25. RS3129716 37. RS7764819 49. RS9275406
26. RS3129720 38. RS7765379 50. RS9275524
27. RS3135363 39. RS7774434 51. RS9275563
28. RS3135388 40. RS7775228 52. RS9275572
29. RS3916765 41. RS9273349 53. RS9275595
30. RS3957148 42. RS9273363 54. RS9275596
31. RS4273729 43. RS9273373 55. RS9357152
32. RS6457617 44. RS9274623 56. RS9469220
33. RS6457620 45. RS9275224

STAT3
STAT3 is a protein that binds to DNA and increases expression of certain immune genes that
can cause in ammation that leads to autoimmunity, but also ght infections. The STAT3
pathway is used by a variety of cytokines, hormones and growth factors to increase blood cell
formation, immune cell development, stem cell maintenance, and growth. However, chronic
activation of STAT3 underlies various diseases or disorders, such as cancer or obesity (R).

STAT3 (Good):
● helps with insulin sensitivity (R).
● when chronically elevated will cause obesity (R).
● suppresses of glucose production (R).
● helps with liver regeneration (R).
● helps reduce fatty liver disease (R).
● has some anti-cancer properties, especially for CML (R).
● helps clear pathogens (R).
● suppresses IgE responses (R).
STAT3 (Bad):
● STAT3 contributes to the development of IBD (R).
● can help cause multiple sclerosis (MS)(R).
● creates Th1 and Th17 cells (R), which are immune cells involved in autoimmunity.
● produces pro-cancer proteins such as MMP-3, MMP-9, VEGF, HIF-1a, COX2, IL-6,
IL-23 and ICAM1 (R).
SNPs inside STAT3
1. RS12942547
2. RS17881320
3. RS2293152
4. RS4796793

5. RS6503691
● CC=more STAT3 production in people, (better for CML) (R).
● C is the more common allele. About 33% of the alleles in a population are T.
6. RS6503695
7. RS744166
● The A allele is presumably higher STAT3, as it increases autoimmune disease risk,
but makes you thinner. About half of the alleles in a population are A.
● There are a few studies showing a relationship between STAT3 snps and IBD (R).
● AA=1.5X Ulcerative Colitis risk (R)
● A=1.2X increased risk of Chron’s (R)
● G=2.22X increased risk of abdominal obesity, lower STAT3 (R) – Saturated fat
intake exacerbated these effects; among all participants with the highest saturated
fat intake (> or =15.5% of energy), people with GG had a 3.30X increased risk for
obesity. (R)
● GG=1.82X increased risk of Psoriatic arthritis, G=1.35X (R)
8. RS8069645
● Probably G has higher STAT3.
● G=increased risk of abdominal obesity (R).
● About 31% of the alleles in a population are G.
9. RS9891119
● C is higher STAT3.
● A=lower STAT3, 2.5X more likely to have fatty liver disease (R).
● A is the more common allele. About 39% of the alleles in a population are C.

Genes in uencing the need for sun exposure,

sleep, and circadian rhythm
VDR
The VDR gene provides instructions for making a protein called vitamin D receptor (VDR),
which allows the body to respond appropriately to vitamin D.

● plays a role in bone health. Low blood levels of vitamin D3 are associated with lower
bone density (R)
● is helpful for people with lower bone density (R)
● induces the expression of liver and intestinal phase I detox enzymes that play major
roles in metabolizing drugs and toxins (R)
● is important for hair growth and loss of VDR is associated with hair loss in
experimental animals (R)
● regulates the intestinal transport of calcium, Iron and other minerals (R)

●increases dopamine by increasing the enzyme that limits the rate of step for dopamine
production (tyrosine hydroxylase) (R)
● has bene cial effects in cancer, especially breast, prostate and lung cancers (R)
Inadequate levels of circulating vitamin D could lead to parkinsonian disorders (R)
Vitamin D and a proper functioning VDR helps protects against:
● Osteoporosis (R)
● Cancer (R)
● Diabetes (R) “ Type 1 and 2 (R)
● Heart disease (R)
● Neurological diseases (R)
● Psoriasis (R)
● Infections (R)
● Multiple sclerosis (R)
● Asthma (R)
● Sun damage (R)
● Kidney in ammation and kidney disease death. (It should lower your creatinine levels.)
(R)
● High Blood Pressure (Decreases Renin/angiotensin system). (R)
● Lupus/SLE (R)
● Arthritis (R)
SNPs inside VDR

1. RS11574143
2. RS1540339
3. RS1544410
4. RS2107301
5. RS2228570
6. RS2238136
7. RS2239182
8. RS2239185
9. RS2239186
10. RS3782905
11. RS3819545
12. RS4516035
13. RS7041
14. RS731236
15. RS757343
16. RS7975232


MC4R
MC4R is a receptor that is critical to weight control. Activation of MC4R leads to weight loss
and blocking it leads to weight gain.
MC4R
● plays a central role in energy homeostasis and somatic growth
● regulates weight (R)
● is activated by in ammation (R)
● MC4R not working is the most common genetic cause of obesity (R)
● activation induces anxiety, inhibits appetite and activates the HPA axis (R)
● activation enhances libido (R)
● activation stimulates the thyroid hormone precursor TRH (R)
● activation increases morphine tolerance (R)
● activation reduces proin ammatory cytokines (such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-) and MMP9
and increases the anti-in ammatory cytokine IL-10 (R, R2, R3)
People with chronic stress and/or in ammation will have the MC4R receptor activated, which
then leads to ushing, weight loss, lower blood pressure and increased pain (R).
SNPs inside MC4R

1. RS10871777
2. RS11872992
3. RS12970134
4. RS17700633
5. RS17782313
6. RS2229616
7. RS4257308
8. RS489693
9. RS52804924

Genes in uencing sleep and sleep disorders

CLOCK
The circadian clock is an internal time keeping system that control a wide variety of
physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24-hour bodily rhythm in
gene expression, which is translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior (R).
CLOCK
● acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including
metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune,
cardiovascular, and renal function (R).

● maintains circadian rhythmicity in constant darkness and they can be entrained to a

new light/dark cycle (R).
● variations may lead to an increased risk of breast cancer. Signi cantly less methylation
of Clock promoter region was found in women with breast cancer (R)
● mutations are associated with the familial sleep disorders (R). In this disorder, patients
exhibit early sleep onset followed by early-morning awakening (R)
● in mice can be associated with a sleep disorder, metabolism, pregnancy, and mood
disorders (R)
● mutant mice sleep less than normal mice each day and display altered levels of plasma
glucose and rhythms in food intake (R)
SNPs inside CLOCK

1. RS6832769 is related to personality trait agreeableness (R).
2. RS11932595
3. RS13113518
4. RS1554483
5. RS1801260
6. RS2070062
7. RS3736544
8. RS3749474
9. RS4864548

ROR1
● Has very low kinase activity in vitro and is unlikely to function as a tyrosine kinase in
vivo.
● May act as a receptor for wnt ligand WNT5A which may result in the inhibition of
WNT3A-mediated signaling.
SNPs in ROR1
1. RS1747924
2. RS11208305 affects risks of insomnia and bipolar disorder (R)

BMAL
Also known as ARNTL. It increases functionality in the circadian clock. It is associated with
major depressive disorders, heightened responses to antidepressants, and is a key component
in the functionality of the body’s circadian clock (R). Disruptions in the circadian rhythms
contribute to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging.
● increases muscle production and decreases fat cell creation.

● plays an important role in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Increases the expression of
enzymes that increase hormonal production, and also the genes involved in hair
growth.
● has also been identi ed as a candidate gene for susceptibility to hypertension,
diabetes, and obesity, and mutations in BMAL1 have been linked to infertility,
gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis problems, and altered sleep patterns.
SNPs inside BMAL

1. RS11022756
2. RS11022775
3. RS2278749
4. RS3816360
5. RS4757144
6. RS6486121
7. RS6486122
8. RS7950226
9. RS9633835
10. RS969485

PER1
Per1 is an important circadian protein that in uences blood sugar levels, cancer and some
neurodegenerative conditions.
● encodes for the period circadian protein homolog 1 (per1 protein) (R)
● controls the circadian rhythm in the absence of light, but it can be shifted or changed
with light exposure (R)
● mutations show a shortened clock period of 23 hours, and can predispose one to
accidents, low productivity, and decreased precision and stability (R1, R2)
● helps integrate stress response with the circadian cycle, and changes in the gene can
lead to increased alcohol consumption due to stress (R)
● has a role in controlling the cell growth and reproduction cycle (R).
Mutant variations of the Per1 gene have been associated with certain cancers, including
breast and prostate cancer (R). These cancers show a decrease in Per1 protein production (R).
Increased Per1 can cause DNA damage and lead to programmed cell death (R).
In people with cancer, treatments that increase Per1 production could decrease tumor growth
(R).
SNPs inside PER1
1. RS2735611


PER2
● help encode circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior
● polymorphisms may increase the risk of getting cancer and have been linked to sleep
disorders (R)
SNPs inside PER2

1. RS121908635
2. RS2304669
3. RS2304672
4. RS4663866
5. RS934945

PER3
● Helps encode circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior.
● Polymorphisms have been linked to sleep disorders (R).
SNPs inside PER3

1. RS228697: G=more prevalent in evening types than in morning types. Per3 doesn't
work as well: changes in hydropathy index, potentially less ability to bind to some other
proteins such as CKI, which is known to regulate PER protein stability.
2. RS10462021 : G=Delayed sleep in 2 snp haplotype
3. RS10462020
4. RS228682
5. RS2797685
6. RS2797687

CRY2
Helps control the body's natural biological rhythm - the circadian rhythm. It is associated with
many diseases - depression, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, mood swings, prostate cancer,
systemic in ammation, and type 2 diabetes.
CRY2 activation is

● associated with depression (R)
● associated with a number of triglycerides in the liver and high glucose in the blood after
fasting (R), (R), (R)
● associated with the risk of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (R)
● associated with frequent mood swings in bipolar disorder (R)
● associated with prostate cancer, together with other biological clock genes (R)
● associated with type 2 diabetes (R), (R)

SNPs inside CRY2

1. RS10838524
2. RS11038689
3. RS11605924
4. RS1401417
5. RS7123390

PLCB1
Phosphatidylinositol-speci c phospholipase C enzymes mediates production of second
messenger molecules DAG and IP3.
PLCB1 is associated with

● extracellular signaling
● early infantile epilepsy
SNPs inside PLCB1
1. RS115205687
2. RS2745761
3. RS3761168
4. RS6055685
5. RS6056209
6. RS6077414
7. RS6118083
8. RS62195918
9. RS8117834

PRNP
● encodes a protein called prion protein. The precise function of this protein is unknown,
but it might help protect brain cells from injury
● mutations can cause higher risk for brain disorders, poor memory, and Huntington's (R)
SNPs inside PRNP
1. RS11538758
2. RS16990018
3. RS1799990
4. RS2756271
5. RS28933385
6. RS6052699
7. RS6107516
8. RS6116492


MEIS1
The gene codes for a protein, Meis homeobox 1. It codes a homeobox protein as part of the
TALE ('three amino acid loop extension') family of homeodomain-containing proteins (R).
● acts as a transcriptional regulator of PAX6

● acts as a transcriptional activator of PF4 in complex with PBX1 or PBX2
● required for hematopoiesis, megakaryocyte lineage development and vascular
patterning
● may function as a cofactor for HOXA7 and HOXA9 in the induction of myeloid
leukemias
SNPS inside MEIS1
1. RS10865355
2. RS11678354
3. RS11897119
4. RS12469063
5. RS2300478
6. RS3891585
7. RS6710341

BTBD9
● encodes a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein
● is involved in protein-protein interactions
● polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with susceptibility to Restless
Legs Syndrome and may also be associated with Tourette Syndrome
SNPS inside BTBD9
1. RS3923809
2. RS4565302
3. RS4714156
4. RS9296249
5. RS9357271

These genes and SNPs are the SNPs you should pay attention to if you suffer from chronic
health problems like fatigue, brain fog, and autoimmune diseases.
SelfDecode has these genes and SNPs, along with information associated 30,000 other SNPs
that come with 23andme. To learn more about how your genetics may in uence your health,
get the $99 Ancestry genetic test from 23andme, and upload the raw data on SelfDecode.


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Activation of PPAR alpha can:

Top SNPs list Page 1

It's better to have this gene increased most of the time.

SNPs inside PPAR gamma

Top SNPs list Page 2

Top SNPs list Page 3

● inhibits IGF-1 (R)

SNPs inside SIRT1

Top SNPs list Page 4

● decreases the synthesis of proteins in the mitochondria (R).

SNPs inside SIRT3

● seems to cause weight gain

Top SNPs list Page 5

SNPs inside FTO

Top SNPs list Page 6

Top SNPs list Page 7

It's better to have this gene increased most of the time.

SNPs inside APOE

Top SNPs list Page 8

Oxidative Stress Genes

● suppresses cancer growth by decreasing Th17 cytokines (R)

SNPs inside SOD2

Top SNPs list Page 9

Top SNPs list Page 10

● plays a central role in transformation of folate to form S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)

Top SNPs list Page 11

● Recurrent pregnancy loss (R, R1)

SNPs inside CBS

Top SNPs list Page 12

Top SNPs list Page 13

Top SNPs list Page 14

Genes involved in Glucose Regulation

● could be useful in prostate, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, pancreatic and colorectal

SNPs inside GSK3B

● activation allows us to put on more muscle (and fat) (R)

Top SNPs list Page 15

SNPs inside mTOR

● encodes a protein that functions as an insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter

Top SNPs list Page 16

● is involved in biological processes such as carbohydrate metabolic process, cellular

Genes involved in Neurotransmitters and Brain

SNPs inside BDNF

Top SNPs list Page 17

● The T allele is associated with lower systolic blood pressure (R)

Top SNPs list Page 18

Top SNPs list Page 19

2. RS6313 T102C or C102T

Top SNPs list Page 20

5-HT2C receptor activation

● variants with impaired enzyme activity could cause a de ciency of serotonin

Top SNPs list Page 21

● plays a role in thought, motivation, behavior, and control of movement (R)

● improves mood and lowers anxiety

Top SNPs list Page 22

SNPs inside DRD1

SNPs inside DRD2

Top SNPs list Page 23

SNPs inside CNR1

Top SNPs list Page 24

It's better to have this gene increased most of the time.

SNPs inside CNR2

● stops the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner (R)

Top SNPs list Page 25