UHB 10100:ENGLISH FOR HIGHER EDUCATION

ASSIGNMENT WRITING

SEKSYEN 44

LECTURER NAME: DR.SHAKILA BINTI JAMARI

PREPARED BY:

NUM NAME MATRIC NUMBER

1 AGGI APRIANI BINTI MUKTAR CB180019
2 NUSRA ATIRAH BINTI MOHD ZAKI CB180033
3 GARY RENFRON ANAK LUTA CB180028
4 KEANE ALDRIGE ANAK LAWIN CF180087
5 THEVHAN A/L MURALLY CF180150
1.0 INTRODUCTION

E-learning as a broad combination of processes, content and infrastructure to use

computers and networks to scale and improve or one or more significant parts of a learning
value chain including management and delivery (Clark Adrich, 2004). E-learning is an
alternative method that is very popular in the process of today's quest. This system is an
educational system that helps students by using internet medium, intranet and computer. E-
learning has completely transformed the way in which learning is imparted to students. Unlike
traditional chalk and board method of teaching, e-learning makes learner simpler, easier and
more effective.

2.0 E – learning has more advantage than disadvantage among the student.

The advantage of e-learning is can reduce the cost of course materials. E-learning refers
to the use of electronic technology to help in the acquiring and developing of knowledge. It
particularly means that the use of the computers to deliver lessons outside the class room
environment. According to Tao et al (2006), this new environment for learning that is centered
on electronic networks has allowed learners in universities to receive individualized support
and also to have learning schedules that is more suitable to them as well as separate from other
learners E-learning are the courses that are specifically delivered via the internet to somewhere
other than the classroom where the professor is teaching. It is not a course delivered via a DVD
or CD-ROM, video tape or over a television channel. It is interactive in that we can also
communicate with our teacher, professors or even our friends in our class. This is because, e-
learning materials have multimedia features such as audio, visual and interactive and have
access to guidance as well as online discussions. Sometimes it is delivered live, where we can
“electronically” raise our hand and interact in real time and sometimes it is a lecture that has
been prerecorded The facilities provided to provide no boundary facilities not only to university
students but also suitable for school students. As we know, university students have long been
using this learning system for their learning time.

According to Marc (2000) in his book review on e-learning strategies for delivering
knowledge in digital age noted that one of the advantages of e-learning in education is its focus
on the needs of individual learners as an important factor in the process of education rather
than on instructors’, or educational institutions’ needs. E-learning provides a flexible timing
schedule and less expense learning for the students. They are able to learn their desired course
and subjects on their suitable time. This gives a great opportunity for learners especially for
students to gain new skills and accumulate their knowledge level, while still staying in their
own place. With proximity comes flexibility, students can read the material or books anytime.
In the conventional ideology, the audience were expected to attend the classes, physically thus
limiting the access. E-learning allows students to study from any place where they have a stable
internet access. It also allows them to study at any time they find comfortable. All this not only
makes the learning process easier for people living in different time zones but also allows the
students to combine online education with work or getting a college degree. Moreover, e-
learning also allows students to organize their time more effectively. For instance, the students
can learn something on their way home in bus. That is means that even the busiest students
could learn properly.

E-learning also have the disadvantage. According to Almosa and Almubarak (2005),
they said that with an advantage that learners are able to learn at a time that suits them whilst a
disadvantage is that the learners will not able to receive instant feedback from instructors as
well as their colleague learners. The disadvantage of e-learning is it will create a lack of
interaction and communication between lecturers and students. This is due to the fact that,
through e-learning, the learning process does not occur in the classroom and this will cause
lecturers and students less communication because both are unlikely to meet. This will affect
students which will make it difficult for students to share or talk about the problems faced in
learning about topics that are not well understood by lecturers. Some student find it hard to
motivate and organize themselves because some student are good in self-organization and some
cannot do without having a clear deadline on writing a term paper and the need to report their
progress to the lecturer. On the other hand, e-learning is not always the best solution for
students because sometime the student needs an helper who help them to understand the
solution of question.
3.0 Visual learners are more desire to learn through e-learning compare to kinesthetic
learners

Nowadays, rapidly developments on science and technology affect all fields and force
to change and advancements of them. One of these fields is education is affected the respective
advancements and obligated to continually renovate (Funda, 2009). E-learning is one of
technology method for learner based environments that inclusive of using the computers and
Internet (Aynur, 2009). Visual learner is people who best learner when the information is
presented visually and in a written form or picture form. Meanwhile, kinesthetic learner is
people who best learner when doing a physical or hands-on activity (Keefe, 1979). In this
studies, it cannot be agreed with the statement ‘visual learners are more desire to learn through
e-learning compare to kinesthetic’.

Preliminary research has revealed that of the learning style preference categories,
kinesthetic learners may be the least engaged in the e-learning environment. Kinesthetic
learners prefer experiential learning versus learning by what is stated or read. Some theorists
contend that by the nature of the online environment, visual and read or write learners are more
engaged than kinesthetic and aural learners (W. Drago, 2004). From previous survey of VARK
learning style, 42% responded that their best mode to learn was reading and writing, while 37%
found visual the most helpful and 21% believed aural to be the most helpful (Stephen, 2012).

In 2006, Eom & Wen state that students with kinesthetic learning preferences
experience less satisfaction in an online course setting. Nunez, Vendrell and Ryan (2014),
performed a study examining the effectiveness of the use of a reality-based focusing event in a
graduate level online curriculum and evaluated whether there was a correlation between student
receptiveness to this focusing event and individual learning style preferences. From this study
suggested that learning style preferences may lend to student receptiveness to reality based-
learning. The study evaluation revealed the kinesthetic learner would be the learner most
inclined to appreciate reality-based learning (Kolb, 2005).

In 2017, Dana Jandhyala state e-learning are several advantages of visual learner. E-
learning helps more to visual learner understand the information. It is because e-learning help
they to save or store all information for longer. Images are the simplest and most effective way
to make sure that the information gets stored as a long-term memory. As per Dr. Lynell
Burmark (2007), our short term memory processes words and can only retain about seven bits
of information. E-learning also can state as a quicker and simpler communication to people. In
2010, Leite, Svinicki and Shi state that 90% in e-learning is visual form, from that they help
visual learner to transmitted all the information to brain faster than other learners.

In conclusion, visual learners are more desire to learn through e-learning compare to
kinesthetic learners is unacceptable. Based on the research before, offering a variety of
activities results in an effectual approach when instructing various learning style preferences.
For the kinesthetic learning preference, kinesthetic activities provide students the opportunity
to practice concepts and apply theories in their experiential learning. Introducing such ‘hands
on’ activities, combined with real world application, creates an online learning environment
that allows students to encounter high interaction and experimentation with the course
materials. Specifically, kinesthetic learners will be encouraged to formulate, connect, and apply
new ideas to existing knowledge, while being engaged in higher order thinking. (Nancy and
Christine, 2016).
4.0 E-learning helps more to the economy of a country

The use of this E-learning in a developing country may be quite difficult. This is
because the necessary facilities may be difficult to fulfill especially the main E-learning
equipment such as laptops, mobile phones, computers and so on. But actually eLearning can
actually make a difference and help these countries develop at a more rapid pace. E-learning
could help more to the economy of a country but not all country could afford.

In 2018, Byrne and Corrado developed new measurements of cell phone prices, which
accounted for rapid increases in power and quality. That boosted growth as well showing that
Internet and communications technology really are contributing to the economy in ways that
hadn't been fully realized. Currently, the fastest growing part of the economic sector is
information and communication technology. Although 'core' computer science is an important
part of that, corporate and commercial e-learning and electronic games are also important
business sectors. If a university can produce skilled graduates and competencies, it can help
raise the economic level of a country by opening a company. Among the main tools to use this
E-learning system is by using a laptop, a computer and a mobile phone. The link between
economy and E-learning is in terms of product production such as laptops and computers. From
an economic perspective, companies that manufacture products like laptops and computers can
maximize profits by offering their products. This is because demand for computers and laptops
is increasingly high as demand for computer products and laptops gets a warm welcome as
users want to use it as a lesson aid tool.

The analysis of the effects of innovations in the technology of teaching and learning on
students’ attitude towards and performance of the learning process is the most explored field,
which seems to be evolving towards a consensus that an appropriate use of digital technologies
in higher education can have significant positive effects on students’ attitude towards learning
and on students’ achievement. E-learning is to show the individual's higher education. E-
learning may allow to achieve better levels of output and input efficiency. Therefore,
economically, we can see that individuals using the E-learning system can produce more output
that can help boost the economy. The input is to show the best ideas by individuals using this
E-learning system. Therefore, when E-learning is used, the country can improve the economy
as it will bring many innovations to the product or service of the innovator. YouTube is also
one of the E-learning platforms, which can be used by YouTube to be used as a business such
as food, products or services.

E-Learning offers are much more efficient in terms of face-to-face costs. If the
institution offers repeated face-to-face courses on campus, they will be charged travel costs for
lecturers as well as participants and their variable costs such as utilities and building
maintenance where they study each time a class is held and scale economies cannot be achieved
at the same level. The thing that's being discussed is based on the country's economy, the
country does not have to spend a lot of budget just providing facilities for learning, especially
for public and private schools. However, cost efficiency, they still do not capture the overall
return on investment that should eventually be considered the effectiveness of the training
determined through assessment. Can only cost effectiveness and efficiency compare to. If
through efficiency, it may traditionally be more efficient as some students prefer to study face-
to-face rather than through E-learning.
5.0 E-learning is not suitable for every students in Malaysia

We know that nowadays e-learning has become a new platform for every students in their
learning style. E-learning is a delivery of learning and training through digital resources. In
2001, Clarke and Hermens posited that online learning is student centered because students can
control their own learning pace, and activities can be flexible so as to better suit a student's
preferred learning style. Related to the 3 A’s expression which is anywhere, anytime and
anybody has been synonym for the beginning of e-learning concepts. E-learning can be suitable
or not for every students especially in Malaysia.

There is an article where stated that Malaysia has also taken a step further by introducing
the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA), a guideline to enable MOOC credit transfer.
When there is MQA, students will be able to take MOOC anywhere in the world, to get a degree
and certificate. Through e-learning related with MOOC can build on the engagement of
students who self-organize their participation according to learning goals, knowledge and
skills, and common interests. For students, this is a suitable platform in order for students to
experience new environment in learning through the online learning to be more accessable and
work on their own pace in learning style. With the launch of the MyMOOC Development and
Delivery Guidelines (GPPPMM) at Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) enhance the
students to be able developed in the MOOC in the courses of subjects.

Hassan (2002) pointed out that the concept of e-learning, as seen by the Malaysian
Ministry of Education, includes systems that enable information gathering, management,
access and communication in various forms. The first phase of e-learning project for most
Malaysian higher education institutions (HEIs) is the new sufficient infrastructure to enable
Malaysia to offer an excellent e-learning platform and make it a useful platform for every
students in Malaysia. In 2005, Selim has stated that e-learning CSFs included attitude towards
and control of technology, computer competency, interactive collaboration, e-learning course
content and design, ease of access. Through this process, the e-learning is suitable for students
and why does it not suitable when it gives a huge advantage and opportunity to the students in
Malaysia to experiences the new ways of learning environment and lead to the students’s
academic achievement.

In 2006, Marlia found that e-learning that serves as a guide to Malaysian universities to
integrate e-learning into their academic programs is there was no national policy of e-learning
in Malaysia. In fact, local universities only a masterplan for ICT for own universities. It seems
that allowing universities in Malaysia to move on at their pace with the integration of ICT
which is e-learning is just suitable for every students which shows a good sign of e-learning
progress. The ICT nowadays has become a common course in the subject of universities as
well at schools. The ICT course at the school or universities has opened a new learning program
in universities and school subject for the students and teacher.

6.0 Traditional Learning versus E-Learning

In the modern world of technological advancement, the world is changing rapidly which
include the people and the technology. Technology brings about a lot of changes to people’s
lives. It is getting more advanced from day to day especially when it comes to information. The
growing of technology also impacted the learning style for the younger generation by receiving
useful information and knowledge to apply it in their academics. Recently, e-learning have
become extremely popular as more and more institutes and companies are offering courses
through online. Why is it so? In my opinion, I agree that taking classes through online which
is E-learning are more effective than traditional learning because it can reduce the cost of
education, increase communication and increase flexibility of a student.
The first reason why e-learning is more effective than traditional learning is because the
cost of education. According to Kirtman (2009), by comparing the cost of e-learning and
traditional learning, the cost e-learning is more affordable for students because online schools
or universities have no necessity to rent classrooms or spend the payment on some housing
needs unlike traditional learning that requires to have a classroom to begin a class. Basically, a
person that study in a classroom requires a proper and comfortable place to study, some
institution doesn’t have appropriate study facilities and they probably need to rent a separate
venue. However, if a particular institution has space they are still required to spend some of
maintenance cost to renovate and make the environment reach the standard. In addition,
students do not need to spend money to buy reading materials such as assessment or reference
book because they can be able to look for the knowledge they want to look for through e-
learning.

Besides that, e-learning is effective because it can increase the social interaction and
communication. traditional education model allows students to interact with each other, mainly
face-to-face or telephonic interactions. E-learning allows further interaction by providing an
online platform for discussions where students can out their thoughts and dissatisfactory
towards a topic in their study syllabus through e-learning compared to traditional learning
which allows students to interact with each other through face-to-face or telephonic
interactions. This may lead to a discussion thread with lecturers and other students. However,
some lecturers may prefer to continue the discussion in classrooms, enabling everyone to share
their views and opinions and understand others perspectives.

Flexibility will be the next point through e-learning. Course materials, tests and exams are
available to students at any time during online education. According to Lynch (2004),
traditional education provides specific time frames for everything as students need to be on
time to attend their classes as they have to get time for class no matter what are their priorities.
Example, for a student who are independent, he or she can independently choose the time they
prefer to study. Students can define their own speed of learning instead of following the speed
of the whole group. E-learning also can be done when you’re in a transport travelling to the
destination that you’re heading such as taking the bus, train, plane and many more!
6.0 Conclusion

In conclusion, I partially agree with the statement that e-learning has more advantage
than the disadvantage among the student. The advantage of e-learning are it can reduce the cost
of course materials also provides a flexible timing schedule and less expense learning for the
students. While the disadvantage of e-learning is it will create a lack of interaction and
communication between lecturers and students. The learning method of e-learning is
potentially expanded at the pre-school level until the middle school so that can same in line
with the current trends in technology. Indeed, virtual education provides a variety of advantages
to the whole community as they will be more vulnerable to globalization if the learning method
of e-learning is fully implementedvisual learners are more desire to learn through e-learning
compare to kinesthetic learners is unacceptable. Based on the research before, offering a variety
of activities results in an effectual approach when instructing various learning style preferences.
For the kinesthetic learning preference, kinesthetic activities provide students the opportunity
to practice concepts and apply theories in their experiential learning. Introducing such ‘hands
on’ activities, combined with real world application, creates an online learning environment
that allows students to encounter high interaction and experimentation with the course
materials. Specifically, kinesthetic learners will be encouraged to formulate, connect, and apply
new ideas to existing knowledge, while being engaged in higher order thinking. (Nancy and
Christine, 2016).E-learning has positive and negative. If based on cost it is very positive to the
economy. But in terms of individual competence it is up to the individual himself. This is
because some of the individuals are able to increase output and provide inputs such as very
good ideas efficiently, but some individuals are less efficient because they cannot get good
results from the E-learning system.I did not agree with the statement that e-learning is really
not suitable for every students in Malaysia due to fact that students will have a great opportunity
with e-learning education. In the fast paced world e-learning, the available of technologies to
make a course and exciting are always changing endlessly will required students to more
anxiety in learning in new environment. E-learning education is more useful and effective than
traditional computer based instruction in terms of time and distance. The developing platform
of e-learning to Malaysia at the universities and schools is employed to explain the student’s
intention to utilize e-learning in their course program efficiently. Besides, all students is really
needed to be exposed with e-learning education. I believe that nowadays students has been
literally exposed with the online learning at schools and universities.e-learning method brings
a lot of benefits mainly to a student because of its flexibility to the students. However,
traditional learning method also has its own benefits such as developing interpersonal skills.
They are still certain groups of people prefer stay away from e-learning method. At the same
time, despite the rising popularity of online courses, there are always two sides of a coin. I
believe that learning through e-learning are much better than traditional learning. It can’t be
denied that technology can play a powerful role in teaching when it is used wisely. So, instead
of replacing formal education with online education, I believe that they can be merged together
to create a more effective learning environment to let students to study in a more convenient
and flexible way.I partially agree with the statement that e-learning has more advantage than
the disadvantage among the student. The advantage of e-learning are it can reduce the cost of
course materials also provides a flexible timing schedule and less expense learning for the
students. While the disadvantage of e-learning is it will create a lack of interaction and
communication between lecturers and students. The learning method of e-learning is
potentially expanded at the pre-school level until the middle school so that can same in line
with the current trends in technology. Indeed, virtual education provides a variety of advantages
to the whole community as they will be more vulnerable to globalization if the learning method
of e-learning is fully implemented.
References

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