La Paz National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

La Paz, Iloilo City
i

APPROVAL SHEET

The research paper hereto, entitled “____________________”, prepared

and submitted by (all caps for the names of researchers starting with the leader and
then, the members), in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the subject, Research in
Daily Life 1, is hereby accepted and approved.

__________________________ FRITZIE C. SALMORIN, MA Ed. Bio. Science

Date Research Adviser

__________________________ GENEVIEVE V. TOMULTO, Ed. D.

Date Asst. Principal, SHS – Academics

__________________________ TERESITA A. TORRICO-MILITAR, Ed. D.

Date Principal III
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to extend their sincerest gratitude for making this

study a success:

_________________________________________________________________

____________________ (enumerate names of persons and give their

contribution/assistance in your study as many as you can.)

 La Paz National High School
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City
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(Names of Researchers and members by writing Family name, first name and
middle initial), (Title of the Study), ” Unpublished Senior High School Research Paper,
La Paz National High School, La Paz, Iloilo City, March 2018.

Abstract

(Must be justified)
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

APPROVAL SHEET i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii

ABSTRACT iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iv

LIST OF TABLES v

CHAPTER

1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 1

Background of the Study 2-3

Statement of the Problem 4

Significance of the Study 5

Definition of Terms 6-7

Delimitation of the Study 8

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

(Below are examples of topics included in your chapter 2)

Characteristics of High Performing Students

Psychology of Improving Study Habits

SHSA (Study Habit & Study Attitude) Factors

Theoretical Framework

Summary
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City
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3 METHODOLOGY

Purpose of the Study and Research Design

Participants

Data-Gathering Instruments

Questionnaire

Electronic Gadgets

Data-Collection Procedure

Data-Analysis Procedure

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

(based on research questions)

5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings

Conclusions

Recommendations

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

A Questionnaire

B Letter to the Principal

C Letter to the Teacher Advisers

D Letter to the Participants

E Transcripts of Interviews

F Consolidated Transcript of Interview

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La Paz, Iloilo City
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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1. (Provide a description for each table)

2.

3.
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City
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Chapter 1

Introduction to the Study

This chapter consists of five (5) parts: (1) Background of the Study, (2)

Statement of the Problem, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms,

and (5) Delimitation of the Study.

Part One, Background of the Study, presents the rationale for choosing

the problem.

Part Two, Statement of the Problem, states the main purpose of the study

and enumerates the research questions.

Part Three, Significance of the Study, cites the benefits that people may

derive from the findings of the investigation.

Part Four, Definition of Terms, gives the conceptual and operational

meanings of the important terms used in the study.

Part Five, Delimitation of the Study, specifies the scope and coverage of

the investigation.
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
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Chapter 1

Introduction to the Study

Background of the Study

An estimated 1.9 billion school days could be gained if the Millennium

Development Goals (MDGs) related to safe water supply and sanitation are achieved and
the incidence of diarrheal illness is reduced. One way of achieving this is by providing
schools with safe drinking water, improved sanitation facilities and hygiene education
that encourages the development of healthy behaviors for life. This strategic approach is
known as Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Education (WASH) in Schools. The strategy
helps fulfill children’s rights to health, education and participation, and has been widely
recognized for its significant contributions in access to primary education, WASH in
Schools not only promotes hygiene and increases access to quality education but also
supports national and local interventions to establish equitable, sustainable access to
safe water and basic sanitation services in schools (Mooijman, 2013).

Poor sanitation, water scarcity, inferior water quality and inappropriate hygiene
behavior are disastrous. Those conditions are also detrimental to the health of school-
aged children, who spend long hours in schools. The physical environment and
cleanliness of a school facility can significantly affect the health and well-being of
children (Mooijman, 2013).

The researchers chose this topic because they wanted to be knowledgeable

about SBM WinS and related practices along with its implementation. Therefore, this
study aims to determine the practices of SHS learners on the implementation of SBM
WinS program in school for SY 2018-2019.
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Statement of the problem

This study aimed to determine the practices of SHS student’s towards the
implementation of SBM WinS program in school for SY 2018-2019.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

1. What is SBM wins program all about?

2. What are the school based management WinS practices commonly performed by
students in school?

3. What are the benefits of performing School Based Management WinS practices?

4. What are the challenges encountered by SHS students in the implementation of SBM
WinS in school.

Significance of the Study

This study may be beneficial to the following:

STUDENTS’ .The result of this study is to help the students to be aware about
the SBM WinS implementation in school. It can also help them to be more hygienic in
terms 0f maintaining cleanliness within themselves and the school, as well as the SBM
WinS implementation.

SCHOOL .This study can help the school to further improve and enhance the
implementation of their SBM WinS program, likewise the practices to be developed by
SHS learners along with it.

PARENTS/GUARDIANCE .They can encourage their children to participate

actively and join existing organization allowed by the school especially the SBM WinS
organization and encourage them to give importance to proper sanitation and hygiene.
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RESEARCHERS’ .The researchers can gain more knowledge and ideas

concerning the practices on proper hygiene and sanitation along with the
implementation of SBM Wins in school.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS .This study can help the future researchers to get
useful and relevant ideas about this topic. It can also serve as empirical basis or baseline
data on research studies along with this topic in the near future.

Definition of Terms

For the purpose of clarity and better understanding, important terms used in this
study were given definition conceptually and operationally.

SMB/School Based Management WINS- is a strategy to improve education

by transferring significant decision-making authority from state and district offices to
individual schools (Oxford Dictionary, 1884).

In this study, SBM-WinS refer to the implementation of the program at La Paz

National High School by the department of education of the DO 10, s. 2016 (Luistro,
2016).

Implementation- is an act or instance of implementing something the

process of making something active or effective (Merriam Webster, 1928).

In this study, Implementation refers to the existing SBM WinS program at

La Paz National High School.

Students- are persons who study something (Merriam Webster, 1928).

In this study, Students refers to the SHS learners enrolled at La Paz National
High School and at the same time the respondents of this study.
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La Paz, Iloilo City
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Practice-is the actual application or use of an idea, belief, or method, as

opposed to theories relating to it. (Dictionary, 2016)

In this study, Practice refers to the activities performed by the students in

school under the SBM WinS implementation program.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This research focus only on assessing the practices of SHS learners towards the

implementation of SBM WinS of La Paz National High School, S.Y 2018-2019.The

researchesr will utilize phenomenology research design in order to attain the purpose of

this study. Phenomenology research focuses on experiences, event and occurrence with

disregard or minimum regard for the external and physical reality (Remeyni, Williams

and etc., 2016).

This study will include ten (10) identified senior high school student of La Paz

National High School. The respondents will be purposively selected by the researchers.

The data gathering instrument that will be used in the study is the researcher made

questionnaire.

Students’ personal answers regarding their knowledge and ideas about school

based management was the main focus of this study, but it may also vary depending on

the students insights. After the researchers had collected all the data through the use of
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La Paz, Iloilo City
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questionnaire as the primary source of the information, the researchers gathered data

will be analyzed and interpreted through theme analysis.

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter discusses literature, selected theories, and researches relevant to

the present study and is divided to five (5) parts: (1) Related Literature, (2) Related

Studies, (3) Theoretical Framework, (4) Conceptual Framework, and (5) Summary.

Part One, Related Literature discusses about Department Order and Enumerated

Practices of SBM Wins.

Part Two, Related Studies discusses about overview of SBM Wins, Good and Bad

Effect of SBM Wins Practices.

Part Three, Theoretical Framework, explains the flow theory that supports this

study.

Part Four, Conceptual Framework, shows the analyzed ideas of the researchers

based on the gathered information to support a theory of a research study.

Part Five, Summary, presents a summary of the related literature and studies

presented.
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Related Literature

Department Order

SBM WinS wash refers to the organization in which it involves water, sanitation
and hygiene. It is when every school has to practice so that students will follow and
apply it to their everyday lives. According to the DO 10, s. 2016, this can be ensuring
correct knowledge and understanding among learners of effective hygiene and
sanitation (Luistro, 2016). It will also help to improve hygiene and sanitation practices
among learners to enable them to develop life-long positive sanitation behaviors. In the
Philippines there are so many Filipinos who are not practicing proper hand sanitation
and it leads to many diseases like diarrhea, abdominal pain and intestinal parasites. So
to help address this problem, the DepEd (Department of Education) has been
conducting semiannual de-worming for all learners in every school. Briones (2016), also
stated that in the law of DO No. 56, s. 2009 which is “Immediate Construction of Water
and Hand Washing Facilities in All Schools for the Prevention of Influenza A (H1NI)”,
the division shall ensure the availability of running water and provide soap in every
schools for the students to stay clean and secure their good health.

Practices of School Base Management (SBM WinS)

Practice is an idea, belief or method that is being execute in repeatedly or

regularly in order to improve or maintain ones proficiency. Stated in the (GIZ 2017),
there are some practices that are being implemented in schools like hand washing, tooth
brushing, bringing drinking water to schools, de-worming, menstrual hygiene
management or (MHM), cleaning and maintenance and water sanitation. This practice
also helps facilitator and students to be clean and hygienic in their body.
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Hand washing

Hand washing is a fundamental part of standard precaution procedure and

disease control for health living. It helps prevent and reduce transmittal of microbes
among object or people (Medical Dictionary, 2019. Hand washing is one effective and
affordable way to prevent disease and save lives within technologically and financially.
Hand washing needs appropriate facilities allows large group of children to wash their
hands critical times such as before eating, after using the comfort room and contact
with contaminated objects. Hand washing had some activities such as global hand
washing every October and sung the “happy birthday” as the background music while
doing it.

Bringing drinking water in school

Water helps maintain organ health and allows the blood to maintain the
consistency it requires to flow freely and transport oxygen and nutrients to every cell of
the body. For that many schools are providing water that is already filtered through
class collections, since tap water is not that clean for children or students to consume.
But SBM Wins encourage learners to bring their own drinking water to save money from
paying and to assure their own safety.

Tooth brushing

Behind every smiles there’s teeth .Similar to the group of hand washing is
the tooth brushing, children or students been practicing this so that they can have a
clean and a healthy teeth. It is conducted either daily or selected days after meals or
another scheduled time. Brushing ones teeth can help prevent tooth decay that can lead
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to some dental cavities and to avoid gum disease. Maintaining good oral hygiene, of
which brushing is an important component, because it can help save money by avoiding
visits to dentist (Robert, 2018).

Menstrual Hygiene Management

Another practice is the Menstrual Hygiene Management refers to the using of

clean menstrual management materials to absorb or collect blood that can be change in
privacy as often as necessary for the duration of period. Since this one is very common
to all teenage girls so there is organizations that will only focused on (MHM) Menstrual
hygiene Management. It is addressed in most of the school to some extent; they offered
sanitary pads either in the girls toilet block or in the respective room only. Girls
consistently highlight the need for information and support and school, usable sanitation
and hygiene facilities, as well as access to appropriate and effective materials. In
Bangladesh, as they conducted the assessments in 2013 it revealed that 43% of schools
have separate toilets for girls; however, only 12% of schools had unlocked and clean
separate improved toilets for girls (WinS-ILE, 2016).

De-worming

Deworming is the giving of an anthelmintic drug to a human or animal to rid

them of helminthes parasites such as roundworms, flukes and tapeworms. It is being
implemented to every school most especially in Cambodia who has a rate of 88%
enrolled children. This implementation is to help children to free from bacteria and
viruses, through de-worming that is being practiced as the method or prevention to
many health diseases. By doing this in schools, this can avoid absenteeism or it can help
to increase their potential in schools (Schiffer, 2016).
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Cleaning and Maintenance

Cleanliness is both the abstract state of being clean and free from germs and
dirt, and the habit of achieving and maintaining that state. Cleanliness is often achieved
through cleaning. Maintaining a clean environment is for the health of all humans, as
their health completely depends on the atmosphere, we must maintain the cleanliness of
our bodies, homes, school, surroundings and environment to have a good health. A bad
environment is solely responsible for spoiling the health of the people around. Dirt and
disease go together (Hayath and Goteti, 2017).

Related Studies

OVERVIEW OF SCHOOL BASED MANAGEMENT (SBM WinS)

SBM was defined by D. Conley (1991) "as activities that change fundamental
assumptions, practices and relationships, both within the organization and between the
organization and the outside world in ways that lead to varied and improved learning
outcomes for essentially all students"

The goal of SBM has become associated with a broad effort to improve the
overall quality of education. This effort will come about "through changes not only in
curriculum and instruction but also in school organization and governance, roles 24 and
relationships, beliefs and understandings" (Prestine & Bowen, 1993, p. 298). SBM Wins
in school aims to improve the health and learning performance of school-aged children
by reducing the incidence of water and sanitation related diseases. Every child friendly
school requires appropriate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) initiatives that keep
the school environment clean and free of smells and inhibits the transmission of harmful
bacteria, viruses and parasites.
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La Paz, Iloilo City
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Benefits of SBM WINS Practices

Benefit is an advantage or profit gained from something made by the state or an

assurance scheme to someone entitled to receive it (Oxford Dictionary,1884). Everyone
are taught how to practice personal hygiene habits from a young age up to now
because these habits can help them in many ways, either in good or bad ways. Those
benefits are being discussed below.

Good Effects SBM Wins Practices

One personal benefit of good hygiene is having better health. Keeping your body
clean helps prevent illness and infection from bacteria or viruses. For example , the
simple acts of washing your hands regularly is an effective way to keep germs from
spreading maintaining good hygiene also helps you have better self esteem and
building a better relationship.

Bad effects of SBM Wins Practices

Poor sanitation, water scarcity, inferior water quality and inappropriate hygiene
behavior are disastrous. Not practicing of hygienic habits can lead to some minor side
effects like increased susceptibility to illness and diseases such as abdominal pain,
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distention, amoeba and diarrhea for not engaging in de worming. Practicing SMB Wins is
very essential for it may result to lack of confidence and being alone (

Theoretical Framework

The hygiene and sanitation theory lays emphasis on cleanliness and the absence

of germs. This also extends to the facilities which enable hygiene to be achieved.

Paradigm shift is being used in this theoretical approach to include other key

stakeholders to the industry namely suppliers, clientele and even general visitors.

Perhaps if the hygiene and sanitation has to be meaningful, it must cast the net widely.

School based management wins is already spreading all over the countries in the world

including Philippines and under DO 10, s.2016, this project is being implemented in

some schools (

Contaminated water is a major cause of infectious diseases; it also has an impact

on health through the spread of organic and inorganic chemicals that are harmful to

health. SBM Wins provide safe drinking water, improved sanitation facilities and hygiene

education that help the development of healthy behavior for life. The hallmark of any

hospitality industry revolves about standards and safe drinking water is the core of this.

The provision of safe drinking water and the effective removal of bodily waste are vital

for human health and well-being (

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La Paz, Iloilo City
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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Figure 1: school Base Management Practices

Hand washing

De-worming Tooth
Brushing

SBM WinS
Menstrual WASH (SBM)
Hygiene Bring Drinking
Management Water in
School

Cleaning and
Maintenance

Figure1. Show the practices of School Based Management WinS, Wash in School

(SBM WinS) in La Paz National High School. Practices like proper hand washing, de
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City
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worming, tooth brushing, bringing drinking water in school and menstrual hygiene

management are being implemented and performed in order to maintain one’s health,

while cleaning and maintenance is for everyone’s benefits. All of these practices are

very essential and practiced by senior high school students of La Paz National High

School.

SUMMARY

School Based Management WinS (SBM Wins) is an strategic approach that helps

fulfill children’s right to health , education and participation and has been widely

recognized for its significant contributions in education . SBM wins also promotes and

supports national and local interventions to establish equitable , sustainable access to

safe water and basic sanitation services in school Due to DO 10,s. 2016 SBM Wins was

implemented in some school in the Philippines including La Paz national high school.

The SBM Wins has various practices that is being performed by Senior High

School learner and those are hand washing, de worming , tooth brushing , bringing own

drinking water , menstrual hygiene management and cleaning and maintaining the

facilities of the school. A good practice follows benefits, either in a good or bad it may

seem to be. The good effects of SBM Wins practices are keeping a healthy body,

prevent diseases and infections, better self esteem and build better relationship. While
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La Paz, Iloilo City
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the bad effects are lack of confidence, acquiring diseases like diarrhea, amoeba, and

gum problems and also a weak body and resistance.

Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter is divided into five (5) parts: (1) Purpose of the Study and Research

Design, (2) Participants, (3) Data-Gathering Instruments, (4) Data-Collection Procedure,

and (5) Data Analysis Procedure.

Part One, Purpose of the Study and Research Design, restates the purposes of

the study and describes the research design used in the study.

Part Two, Participants, includes a detailed description of the participants and the

method of selection.

Part Three, Data-Gathering Instruments, discusses the researcher-made

questionnaire and electronic devices used in this study.

Part Four, Data-Collection Procedure, describes the method of collecting data

used in this study.

Part Five, Data-Analysis Procedure, presents the procedures used to analyze the

data.
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La Paz, Iloilo City
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Purpose of the Study and Research Design

This study aims to determine the practices of Senior High School students

towards implementation of SBM WinS program at La Paz National High School SY 2018-

2019.

In order to attain the objectives, the researchers employed descriptive research

and phenomenology as research designs. Descriptive research was chosen as it enabled

the researchers to describe the current situation while phenomenology was concerned

with the study of personal or firsthand experiences from the perspective of every

individual.

Participants

The basis for selecting the participants’ in this study on the extent of their ideas

and knowledge about SBM Wins. A total of 10 participants will be selected coming from

the 10 combined sections from the grade 11 and 12 in La Paz National High School. The
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La Paz, Iloilo City
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respondents of this study were composed of five (5) identified student from Grade 11

and five (5) students from Grade 12. The respondents were purposively selected in this

study in order to gain deeper understanding of the research topic.

Table1: The Profile Distribution of the Respondents

TABLE

GRADE LEVEL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

GRADE 11 5 50%

GRADE 12 5 50%

TOTAL 10 100%

Data-gathering Instruments

This study used the following data-gathering instruments:

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Questionnaire .The researcher made questionnaire was administered to the 10

identified respondents’ from of Senior High School, Grade 11 and Grade 12.

Camera .Used for documentation and will serve as evidences that the

researchers had conducted the study.

Data Collection Procedures

The researchers made questionnaire was constructed after the research proposal

was approved by the research teacher. This instrument was then validated by the

research teacher herself. After the validation, permission to conduct the study was

secured via letters to the principal of the school, class advisers of senior high school and

the ten (10) participants.

Prior to the administration of questionnaire, the researchers introduced the study

to the students, asking permission for their involvement as respondents’ of this study

likewise, of ideas and knowledge about SBM WinS practices in school. After which, the

researchers secured the consent of participation from the respondents via letters and

schedule the date for the conduct of the study. This study will be conducted at La Paz

National High School with the use of mobile phone cameras as an instrument for

documentation.
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Data Analysis Procedure

The gathered data of this study was tabulated and analyzed by the researchers

using the following simple statistical measures below such as the frequency and rank.

Frequency .The frequency was used to describe the number of respondents

who has the same answer for a particular question.

Rank .The rank was used to determine the top most answer of the respondents.

For qualitative data, transcription and theme analysis was used.

Transcription .It was used to put into writing the written responses of the

respondents’ answer to the questionnaire.

Theme analysis .This was used to consolidate the transcribed data and to look

for themes or patterns from these data.

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Chapter 4

Results and Discussions

This chapter presents the findings to the specific research questions of the study

which centers on the study habits of the respondents and is divided into two (2) parts:

(1) Results, and (2) Discussions.

Part One, Results, shows the findings of the study which are summarized

through tables.

Part Two, Discussions, presents the analysis of results as seen in the tables.
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La Paz, Iloilo City
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Research Question 1: (What are the study habits of Grade 10 students with high
academic performance?)

Chapter 5

Conclusions and Recommendations

This chapter consists of three (3) parts: (1) Summary of Findings, (2)

Conclusions, and (3) Recommendations.

Part One, Summary of Findings, shows the summary of the results of the study.

Part Two, Conclusions, gives the conclusions based on the findings of the study.

Part Three, Recommendations, offers some suggestions which the researchers

consider to be of utmost importance to school administrators, teachers, parents and

guardians, students, future researchers, and even to the researchers themselves.

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Summary of Findings

The following is a summary of the findings of the study based on the results:

Title: Suicidal tendencies of students in Iloilo City.

Purpose: This study intended to determine the suicidal tendencies of victims of bullying

among selected students in Iloilo City.

Part 1. Background information. Fill up the needed information data.

Name: ______________________________________________ Sex:( ) M, ( ) F

( Last name ) ( First name ) ( M.I )

Age: ___ Date of Birth: ___________________ Civil Status: ____

Address: ____________________________ Contact #: _____________________

Signature: _____________

Part 2: Question Proper

Instructions: Please specify the needed information in each of the following questions by

writing your answer (s) on the space provided. You may use any language either

(Hiligaynon, Tagalog, English) in answering the questions below.

1. When you have been bullied, why the thoughts of committing suicide came to your

mind?
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2. What is the worst bullying event happened to you?,

You choose from the choices provided below :

 Where did it happen?, At school ( ), At home ( ) or at Public places and please

specify: _________________ .

 What kind of bullying is the main reason for you to commit suicide?

Physical Bullying: ( ) Verbal Bullying: ( ) Cyber Bullying: ( )

If others, please specify: _________________________

3. In your attempt of suicide due to bullying, what ways did you plan/think to end your

life? Hanging ( ) Poisoning ( ) Drowning ( ) “Laslas” ( ) Overdosing ( ) If others,

please specify :______________________________________________________

4. After the attempt of suicide, what are the changes that happened in your life?

 In Physical:

 Emotional:

 Mental:

 Social:

5. Lessons learned after the incident of suicide?

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