GENERAL ARTEMIO RICARTE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

# 35 Bil-loca, City of Batac

MIDTERM EXAMINATION IN INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

Shade the letter of the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question on your answer
sheet.

1. The four main divisions of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and _____.
A. bioethics
B. logic
C. aesthetics
D. categorical logic

2. For Socrates, an unexamined life is a tragedy because it results in grievous harm to _____.
A. the state
B. the justice system
C. the body
D. the soul

3. For Socrates, the soul is harmed by lack of _____.

A. knowledge
B. wealth
C. community
D. courage

4. A question-and-answer dialogue in which propositions are methodically scrutinized to uncover the truth
is known as _____.
A. an argument
B. the Socratic method
C. the Socratic jest a debate
D. a parliamentary procedure

5. If you assume that a set of statements is true, and yet you can deduce a false or absurd statement from
it, then the original set of statements as a whole must be false. This kind of argument is known as _____.
A. modus tollens
B. modus ponens
C. hypothetical syllogism
D. reductio ad absurdum

6. The systematic use of critical reasoning to try to find answers to fundamental questions about reality,
morality, and knowledge is called _____.
A. the argumentative method
B. the philosophical method
C. propositional logic
D. syllogistic reasoning

7. The famous statement “An unexamined life is not worth living” is attributed to _____.
A. Aristotle
B. John Locke
C. Socrates
D. Plato
 GENERAL ARTEMIO RICARTE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
# 35 Bil-loca, City of Batac

8. The study of reality in the broadest sense, an inquiry into the elemental nature of the universe and the
things in it, is known as _____.
A. metaphysics
B. epistemology
C. quantum physics
D. axiology
9. Questions like “What is knowledge?” and “What is truth?” are mainstays in the branch of philosophy
known as _____.
A. logic
B. metaphysics
C. epistemology
D. aesthetics

10. According to Socrates, a clear sign that a person has _____ is her exclusive pursuit of social status,
wealth, power, and pleasure.
A. philosophical ambition
B. worldly wisdom
C. exceptional desires
D. an unhealthy soul

11. What is meant by the term ‘metaphysics’?

A. It is the branch of philosophy concerned with the study of existence, truth, and knowledge
B. It is the branch of philosophy concerned with morality
C. It is the branch of physics concerned with macro-level concepts
D. It is the term used to refer to sciences other than physics

12. Which of the following is a question that belongs primarily in epistemology?

A. What is an adequate justification for a belief?
B. Is stem cell research morally acceptable?
C. Is art important to society?
D. What is a good argument?

13. Which of the following is true of philosophy but not true of science?
A. It is concerned with the origin of the universe.
B. It is concerned with the nature of the mind.
C. It is swamped in unanswered questions and intellectual controversy.
D. None of the above

14. The Dialectic, as employed by Socrates

A. Was a conversational method involving a series of questions and answers.
B. Was used to lead the student to realize his own ignorance.
C. Was used to lead both the student and the teacher towards a clearer understanding.
D. All of the above.

15. If an argument is valid and has all true premises, then

A. The conclusion is probably true, but could be false.
B. The conclusion is probably false.
C. The conclusion must be true.
D. None of the above.
16. In a deductive argument, an author’s aim is to
A. demonstrate that the premises, if true, make the conclusion very likely
B. show that the premises, if true, guarantee that the conclusion must be true.
C. establish a claim by threatening their opponent with violence
D. trick others into accepting a claim for irrelevant reasons
 GENERAL ARTEMIO RICARTE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
# 35 Bil-loca, City of Batac

17. The Socratic Method is

A. a method using dynamic questions and the conceptual analysis of key terms.
B. a method by which answers are generated not by the teacher, but by the student.
C. often compared, by Socrates, to the methods used by a midwife or sculptor
D. an educational technique whereby participants are first made aware of their ignorance in order
to better search for truth
18. Who is a philosopher, in the original sense of the world?
A. Someone who studies the stars and planets.
B. A person primarily interested in the truth about moral matters.
C. A lover and pursuer of wisdom, regardless of the subject matter.
D. A clever and tricky arguer.

19. Which is a common characteristic of philosophical questions?

A. They are strictly empirical questions.
B. They involve fundamental concepts that are unavoidable by the thoughtful person.
C. They are purely semantic questions.
D. They aren't relevant to ordinary, everyday situations.

20. Which is the branch of philosophy that studies issues concerning art and beauty?
A. Aesthetics
B. Epistemology
C. Logic
D. Metaphysics

21. Which of the following branches of philosophy does not involve questions related to values?
A. Moral
B. Metaphysics
C. Social
D. Political

22. Which of the following is a common myth about philosophy?

A. Philosophical questions are hard to answer, and the answers often give rise to further
philosophical questions.
B. Reading philosophy in a way that makes it understandable can be hard work.
C. Philosophy deals with important and fundamental questions left unanswered by more specialized
disciplines.
D. Philosophical questions are simply semantic disputes in which no one opinion is any better or
worse than another is.

23. In philosophy, what is an argument?

A. A factual disagreement between people.
B. Giving reasons for a belief.
C. A shouting match.
D. Any verbal attempt to persuade.

24. What fallacy is it when an argument attacks the person rather than the person's beliefs?
A. Red Herring
B. Begging the Question
C. Straw Man
D. Argumentum ad Hominem
 GENERAL ARTEMIO RICARTE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
# 35 Bil-loca, City of Batac

25. What fallacy is it when an argument assumes only two options when in fact there are more?
A. Straw Man
B. Black or White Fallacy
C. Begging the Question
D. Appeal to Emotion

26. "I don't agree with Jones when she says we should wait for a trial, and I'll tell you why. I don't approve
of letting someone get away with murder! That's why I say let's hang him now!" What fallacy does this
most clearly illustrate?
A. Straw Man
B. Black or White Fallacy
C. Argumentum ad Hominem
D. Red Herring

27. What must be the case for an argument to succeed with a rational person?
A. The premises must be acceptable.
B. The conclusion must be acceptable.
C. The premises must logically support the conclusion.
D. The premises must be acceptable and they must logically support the conclusion.

28. "Is there anything you would be willing to die for?" is a philosophical question insofar as:
A. it does not have any right or wrong answer because it is a meaningless question.
B. it is a meaningless question because everyone could have a different answer to it.
C. it forces us to articulate and justify our beliefs about what we know and ought to do.
D. it is more concerned with one's religious beliefs than with factual claims about the world.

29. One of the aims of philosophy is to think critically about whether there are good reasons for adopting
our beliefs. Reasons are considered "good reasons" if they are consistent with everyday experience and:
A. are part of a set of religious, moral, or political beliefs that an individual feels deeply about.
B. are considered good by at least one culture, sub-culture, or individual.
C. cannot be interpreted in different ways by different people or cultures.
D. take into account objections, are acceptable to impartial third parties, and avoid undesirable
consequences.

30. If the world that we individually perceive is limited to an internal perspective, then there is no way that
we could determine whether our own perspective is useful, true, or valuable because:
A. we know whether our internal perspective is correct only by comparing it with an objective,
external perspective (the "real" world).
B. whatever we appeal to in order to prove that our perspective is right itself would be part of the
standard we use in evaluating that perspective.
C. scientific research that reveals facts about the world would cause us to challenge our perceptions
in a dreamworld of our own making.
D. without limiting our perspective to an internal dreamworld, we cannot achieve any objective,
external knowledge of the real world.

31. Philosophy is concerned primarily with identifying beliefs about human existence and evaluating
arguments that support those beliefs. These activities can be summarized in two questions that drive
philosophical investigations:
A. why should we bother? and what are the consequences of our believing one thing over another?
B. what do you mean? and how do you know?
C. who really believes X? and how can we explain differences in people's beliefs?
D. how do philosophers argue? and are their differences important?
 GENERAL ARTEMIO RICARTE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
# 35 Bil-loca, City of Batac

32. One of the tasks of philosophy is to test conceptual frameworks for depth and consistency. It does this
through (1) expressing our ideas in clear, concise language and (2) supporting those ideas with reasons
and with overcoming objections to them. Philosophy thus emphasizes the need to:
A. pose questions that can be resolved not by reasoning but only by faith or personal belief.
B. show why the beliefs adopted by most people in a culture are preferable since more people
understand those beliefs and see no reason to raise objections to them.
C. articulate what we mean by our beliefs and to justify our beliefs by arguments.
D. develop a set of ideas about the nature of society (i.e., an ideology) that can be used to support a
religious conceptual framework.

33. The philosophic insistence on providing a logos for the world and our experience of it might itself rely
ultimately on adopting a certain mythos, insofar as:
A. philosophy assumes that it is possible and meaningful to reason about the world and experience.
B. the myths of philosophy are really lies that are told to make so-called philosophic enquiries
sound more respectable.
C. philosophy is based on logic, whereas myths are not based on logic.
D. mythos refers to the philosophic understanding of the world, whereas logos refers to the
philosophic understanding of our experience of the world.

34. "There is no rationale for myth because it is through myth that reason itself is defined." This means
that:
A. mythos is ultimately based on logos, just as myth is ultimately based on reasoning or thinking.
B. myth does not "explain" how things are related as much as it simply reveals them as related.
C. metaphysicians are justified in reasoning as they do because there is only one true answer about
being.
D. myth and reason are the same: "myth" defines "reason," and "reason" defines "myth."

35. Whereas the social sciences (e.g., psychology, sociology, economics) ask questions about how people
think and act, philosophy is the study of:
A. how people with different beliefs or backgrounds disagree with one another.
B. what beliefs mean and whether people with different beliefs are justified in having them.
C. the reasons why philosophic questions never have better or worse answers.
D. questions that can be answered better by appealing to scientific experiments.

36. To say that "philosophy" (like "love" or "art") is not a closed concept means that we cannot state the
necessary and sufficient conditions by which it is defined. Rather, philosophic issues are identifiable
as having "family resemblances" with one another. In other words:
A. there is no one distinguishing feature that identifies an issue as philosophic, only an overlapping
of issues roughly associated with one another.
B. the way we come to think about philosophy, love, or art really depends on how we were raised
by our families to identify things as resembling one another.
C. the necessary and sufficient condition for something to be considered philosophic is that it
answers either of these questions: What does it mean? and How do you know?
D. philosophy is not a closed discipline insofar as it is willing to accept any answer suggested by
the "human family" as being true.

37. According to Socrates, an unexamined life is not worth living; and it certainly could not be a virtuous
life. Why not?
A. Because if someone did not know how to act virtuously, he or she would still be considered
virtuous by others who also did not know the principles for good living.
B. Because since Socrates was a philosopher, he of course thought that people who examined their
lives philosophically were more virtuous than those who did not.
C. Because without knowing the rationale for why one should act in a particular way, one does not
know whether actions are justified and ought to be repeated.
 GENERAL ARTEMIO RICARTE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
# 35 Bil-loca, City of Batac

D. Because a virtuous life would be one in which someone does what the rest of the society says is
right, and that means examining views other than one's own.

38. In spite of the fact that Socrates claims to be ignorant of the essence or nature of certain things like
justice, he is wise insofar as he recognizes that without such knowledge actions are rationally
unjustified. That is, his wisdom consists in his recognition not only that he is ignorant of such essences
but also that:
A. justice, like knowledge, requires that we admit that we know nothing and never will.
B. he knows what he is supposed to be looking for--knowledge of the essences of things.
C. knowledge of the essences of things is impossible, because that would require that we know what
we are looking for before we know what it is we are looking for.
D. his method of asking questions about essences is itself unjustified because he does not know
why he engages in such a practice.

39. Socrates' claim that "the unexamined life is not worth living" is often cited as a central theme in the
activities of philosophy. By it, Socrates is typically understood to mean that:
A. it is sometimes simply not worth all the effort of examining life and its problems in great detail;
sometimes it is better simply to "go with the flow."
B. while taking a reflective attitude toward life is interesting and even sometimes important, most
of what makes life worth living is not worth examining.
C. simply doing whatever everyone else does without thinking about why we should do what we do
can hardly be thought of as worthwhile, noble, or admirable.
D. it is a waste of time to sit around thinking about whether life is worth living; we should leave
such reflection to talk-show hosts, political figures, and religious leaders.

40. Plato indicates that the knowledge of pure reason is preferable to conceptual understanding, because
knowing that something is a certain kind of thing is not as good as knowing:
A. how we come to learn what to call a thing in virtue of our own experiences.
B. the logos or rationale of the thing, that is, why it is the way it is.
C. why we differ among ourselves about what we claim to know.
D. the difference between knowledge and opinion as outlined in Plato's divided line image.

41. Like most rationalists, Plato defines knowledge as justified true belief. In terms of this definition, we
might be able to claim to know something as true which might actually be false, but it is impossible for
us really to know something that is false. Why?
A. Because to know something that is false is to know no real thing, nothing (i.e., not to know at
all).
B. Because what we know as true is ultimately based on what we claim to know as true.
C. Because we cannot give a justification or reason for believing in something that is false.
D. Because in contrast to our knowledge of the unchanging Forms, beliefs about particular objects
can change

42. Life-span development begins with _______ and ends with _______.
A. birth; death
B. conception; old age
C. infancy; old age
D. conception; death

43. Parents adhering to the fundamental premise of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's "innate goodness" argument would:
A. reject the need to "teach" language since speech is inherited.
B. provide their children with little monitoring and few constraints.
C. view their child as intellectually indistinguishable from themselves.
D. argue that their newborn's brain is like a "blank slate."
 GENERAL ARTEMIO RICARTE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
# 35 Bil-loca, City of Batac

44. Which philosophical view assumes that the child's mind at birth is a "blank tablet"?
A. original sin
B. tabula rasa
C. determinism
D. innate goodness

45. Callie is learning about the psychoanalytic perspective and understands there are three parts to the personality.
According to Freud, they are the:
A. libido, ego, id.
B. unconscious, conscious, superego.
C. ego, superego, subego.
D. superego, ego, id.

46. Alex believes people are primarily influenced by the environment and learned experiences, so he believes _______
plays a more powerful role in human development.
A. nurture
B. maturation
C. change
D. nature

47. A major strength of ecological theory is its framework for explaining:

A. environmental influences on development.
B. biological influences on development.
C. cognitive development.
D. affective processes in development

48. Which of the following disagreed to Plato’s Two World Theory and believed that the substantial unity of the body
and the soul is illustrated by its reciprocity?
A. Gautama Buddha
B. Lao Tzu
C. St. Thomas Aquinas
D. Martin Hegel

49. Which of the following is not part of the Four Noble Truths?
A. Life is full of suffering.
B. Suffering is caused by passionate desires, lusts and cravings
C. Eradication of desires may be achieved by following the Eight-fold Path of earnest endeavor
D. Suffering is caused by man the duel of man and nature.

50. From the perspective of Christianity, what are the three aspects of a personal unity?
A. mind, body and free will
B. mind, free will and soul
C. mind, body and soul
D. soul, spirit and mind

Prepared by:

JOE JAYSON CALTENA

Teacher, Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

Checked by:

ALEXANDER L. LINO, Ed.D.

School Principal II