A STUDY ON

Stress Level Management Among Traffic Police

A project report submitted to the GayatriVidyaParishadin partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the award of P.G of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Submitted by

Megraj Mohan Rao Bhosle (PG181901090) , T. Surekha (PG181901147) , D.

Sruthi(PG181901036) , D. Saketh(PG181901035) ,
MoghalMaduBasha(PG181901091) , T. Chandrika(PG181901146)

Under the esteemed Guidance of

Mr. K. Venkateswarlu

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD COLLEGE FOR DEGREE AND PG COURSES (AUTONOMOUS)

AFFLIATED TO ANDHRA UNIVERSITY

( ACCREDITED BY NAAC WITH B++)

GAYATRIVALLEY,RUSHIKONDA CAMPUS,

VISAKHAPATNAM – 530045 ,BATCH 2018-2020

 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project report entitled “Stress Level Management Among Traffic
police” with reference to “VISAKHAPATNAM Traffic Police”as being submitted by me to the
“Department of Management Studies, GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD COLLEGE FOR DEGREE & P.G

COURSES(A)”, VISAKHAPATNAM, in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree ofMASTEROF

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION.

This is a bonafide work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision by Mr K.
Venkateswarlu.

PLACE: Visakhapatnam

DATE:

Megraj Mohan RaoBhosle (PG181901090)

T. Surekha (PG181901147)

D. Sruthi(PG181901036)

D. Saketh(PG181901035)

MoghalMaduBasha(PG181901091)

T. Chandrika(PG181901146)
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this project report entitled “Stress Level Management Among Traffic Police” with
reference to “VISAKHAPATNAM Traffic Police” Is under my guidance in partial fulfilment of the requirement

for the award of the degree of MasterOF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION IN GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD

COLLEGE FOR DEGREE AND P.G. COURSES(A), Visakhapatnam.

Megraj Mohan RaoBhosle (PG181901090)

T. Surekha (PG181901147)

D. Sruthi(PG181901036)

D. Saketh(PG181901035)

MoghalMaduBasha(PG181901091)

T. Chandrika(PG181901146)

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PROJECT GUIDE

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank all the people before start my report whose constant support helped me to
bring the project into existence.

I take this opportunity to express my gratitude toB.Madhukar, Principal.

GayatriVidyaParishadCollege for Degree &P.G.Courses Visakhapatnam.

I also take this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. S. RAJANI,Director, School of
Management Studies, GayatriVidyaParishadCollege for degree &P.G Courses, Visakhapatnam for
giving me permission to do my project.

I am thankful to Dr K.V.V.MuralisomeshwarRao, Head of the Department, Dept. of Management

Studies, G.V.P College for Degree & P.G courses (A), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, for supporting me
to complete my project.

I profoundly thankMr K. Venkateswarlu, Dept. of Management studies,G.V.P CollegeFor Degree&

P.G Courses (A), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, for his co-operation and his guidance in
materialization of my project.

I express my sincere thanks for giving me an opportunity to carry out my project work and his
guidance and support extended throughout the period of study.

My special thanks to Visakhapatnam Traffic Police department.

Last but not the least I thank one and all who have contributed their part in helping me my
Endeavour to accomplish the object of completing this project work.
 CONTENT

CHAPTER 1:

 INTRODUCTION
 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
 METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY
 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER 2:

 THEORETICAL FRAME WORK

CHAPTER 3:

 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

CHAPTER 4:

 FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

CHAPTER 5:

 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 ANNEXURE
CHAPTER 1
 Introduction

As Richard Carlson says that, “Stress is nothing more than a socially acceptable form
of mental illness”.Stress has been defined in different ways over the years. It was
conceived of as pressure from the environment,then as strain within the person. The
generally accepted definition today is one of interaction between thesituation and the
individual. It is the psychological and physical state of mind that results when the
resources of theindividual are not sufficient to cope with the demands and pressures
the situation. Thus, stress is more likelyin some than others and in some individuals
than others. Stress can situations undermine the achievement ofgoals, both for
individuals and for organizations. Acute responses to stress may be in the areas of
feelings(anxiety, depression, irritability, fatigue), behaviour (being withdrawn,
aggressive, tearful, unmotivated)thinking (difficulties of concentration and problem
solving) or physical symptoms (palpitations, nausea,headaches). Stress is the way
human beings react both physically and mentally to changes, events, andsituations in
their lives. People experience stress in different ways and for different reasons. The
reaction isbased on your perception of an event or situation. If you view a situation
negatively, you will likely feeldistressed, i.e., overwhelmed, oppressed, or out of
control. Distress is the more familiar form of stress. The otherform, eustress results
from a “positive” view of an event or situation, thus stress is one‟sbody‟s response to
change. Against this background, now an attempt is made to review the studies
conducted on stress and the level of stress in police department.
 Objectives

 Our main objectives of this study are :

- To find out reasons for stress among traffic police.

- To study the relationship between personal background and the level of

stress effecting the traffic facilitation of the traffic police.

- To Evaluate the work performance of the traffic police.

- To Analyse the difficulties and pressures faced by the traffic police.

Methodology

The data of our study is based on primary data and secondary data includes :

 Primary data
- The first hand information was collected through the issue of sample
questionnaires to 88 traffic police men.

- Data has been collected by issuing sample questionnaires to 88 traffic police

men. Their opinions are collected, Tabulated, Analysed and Presented.

 Secondary data
- The secondary data is collected through various sources like already
recorded data, Internet, Books etc.
Limitations

 Time is a major constrain.

 No guarantee of reliable and accurate information.

 As survey is conducted on a low samples of people it cannot be applied to all

the traffic police personnels.
CHAPTER 2
 Theoretical framework

Stress is somewhat a difficult concept to define largely because it is such a unique, individual
and subjective experience. It is derived from the Latin word1 “Stringer”. It was popularly
used in the seventeenth century to mean hardship, straits, adversity or affliction. In physical
science, the term stress refers to the internal force generated within a solid body by the
action of any external force. A few definitions of stress are given below and they are useful
according to scope and clarity. Arnold (1960)2 defines, “Stress is any condition that disturbs
normal functioning”. Lazarus (1966)3 defines, “Stress refers to physiological, behavioural
and cognitive responses to events appraised as threatening or exceeding one’s coping
responses and options.” Hans Selye (1974)4 defines, “Stress is a non-specific response of the
body to any demand.” Cooper and Marshall (1979)5 defines, “Stress is a stimulus or
situation to which man reacts with learned coping mechanism activated by homeostasis
principle and fuelled by energies which are infinite supply.” Richard S. Lazarus and Susan
Folkman (1985)6 pointed out that, it is vertically impossible today to read extensively any of
the biological or social sciences without running into the term ‘Stress’. This concept is even
more extensively discussed n the health care fields and it is found also in economics,
political science, business and education. Cox (1993)7 defines, “Stress is now understood as
a psychological state that results from people’s perceptions of an imbalance between job
demands and their abilities to cope with those demands.” Health and Safety Commission
(1999)8 defines, “Stress is the reaction that people have to excessive pressures or other
types of demand placed upon them.” Aswathappa. K (2007)9 Defines, “Stress is an adaptive
response to an external situation that results in physical, psychological and / or behavioural
deviations for organization participations.” Stephen P. Robbins et al (2007)10 has defined
“Stress is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity,
demand, or resource related to what the individual desires and for which the outcome is
perceived to be both uncertain and important.”

From the above definitions it is clear that stress:

1. Disturbs normal functions.

2. Threatens the person.

3. Reduces skills and abilities.

4. It makes a person misfit for a job.

5. Creates imbalance between job demands and their abilities to cope with demands.

6. Affects person psychologically as well as physiologically.

CAUSES OF STRESS

Stress has positive and negative value. It is an opportunity when it offers potential gain.
Some stress can be good, and some can be bad. Stephen P. Robbins12 said that challenge
stress or stress associated with challenges in the work environment operates quite
differently from hindrance stress, or stress that keeps from reaching goals. The early
evidence suggests that challenge stress has fewer negative implications than hindrance
stress. Stress is associated with demands and resources. Demands are responsibilities,
pressures, obligations, and even uncertainties that individuals face in the workplace.
Resources are things within an individual’s control that can be used to resolve the demands.
POTENTIAL SOURCES OF STRESS

There are three categories of potential stressors such as environmental, organizational, and
personal factors.

a) Environmental factors Environmental uncertainty influences the design of an

organization’s structure, it also influences stress level among employees in an
organization. Changes in the business cycle create economic uncertainties. When the
economy is contracting, people become anxious about their job security. Political
uncertainties like threats and changes can induce stress. According to The Hindu13
news paper survey the technological changes and poor work environment factors
can cause stress for traffic police.

The following work environment is affecting Chennai traffic police adversely.

1. Job exposed to high levels of air pollution.
2. Job environment is often too hot.
3. Job environment is often very dusty.
4. Job environment is often very noisy.
5. Glare of powerful head lights during nights.
6. Nervousness due to high speed vehicles, moving all around.
7. No protection from weather.
8. Disturbed mood when witnessing accidents.
9. Political influence and so on.
CHAPTER-3
 1. The amount of time my job take up makes it difficult to fulfil the family
responsibilities?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 3 3%
disagree 37 42%
slightly agree 33 38%
agree 14 16%
strongly agree 1 1%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
1% 3%

16% strongly disagree

42% disagree
slightly agree
38%
agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it was identified that 1% of the respondents strongly agreed that
the job they take up makes it difficult to fulfil the family responsibilities, 16% agreed
that the job they take up makes it difficult to fulfil the family responsibilities, 38% of
respondents slightly agreed that the job they take up makes it difficult to fulfil the
family responsibilities, 42% disagree that the job take up makes it difficult to fulfil the
family responsibilities, 3% of respondents strongly disagree that the job take up
makes it difficult to fulfil the family responsibilities.

2. My job produces strain that makes it difficult to fulfil family duties?

 percentage of
Particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 3 3%
Disagree 12 14%
slightly agree 36 41%
agree 34 39%
strongly agree 3 3%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
3% 3%

14% strongly disagree

39% diagree
slightly agree
41%
agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
from the above table 3% of respondents strongly agree that their job produces strain that
makes it difficult to fulfil family duties, 39% respondents agree that their job produces strain
that makes it difficult to fulfil family duties, 41% of respondents slightly agree that their job
produces strain that makes it difficult to fulfil family duties, where as 14% disagree that their
job produces strain that makes it difficult to fulfil family duties and 3% strongly disagree that
their job produces strain that makes it difficult to fulfil family duties.
 3. Unable to work well because of heavy work?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 3 4%
disagree 9 10%
slightly agree 31 35%
agree 36 41%
strongly agree 9 10%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
4% 10%
10% strongly disagree
disagree
41% 35% slightly agree
agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it was identified that 35% of the respondents strongly agree that they
are unable to work well because of heavy work load, 41% agree that they are unable to work
well because of heavy work load, 35% respondents slightly agree that they are unable to work
well because of heavy work load, where as 10% disagree that heavy work load is causing
them difficulties in work, and 10% of respondents strongly disagree that heavy work is not
causing any stress.
 4. Constantly increasing vehicle population creates more work?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 5 6%
slightly agree 12 14%
agree 52 59%
strongly agree 19 21%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0%

21% 6%
14%
strongly disagree
disagree
slightly agree
agree
59%
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it was identified that 21% of respondents strongly agree that Constantly
increasing vehicle population creates more work, 59% agree, 14% of respondents slightly
agree, whereas 6% disagree that Constantly increasing vehicle population creates more work
and 0% strongly disagree.
 5. Continuous traffic jams creates more work pressure?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 0 0%
slightly agree 26 29%
agree 43 49%
strongly agree 19 22%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0% 0%

22% 29% strongly disagree

disagree
slightly agree

49% agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it was identified that 22% of respondents strongly agree that
Continuous traffic jams creates more work pressure, 49% agreed, 29% slightly agreed
whereas 0% disagree that Continuous traffic jams creates more work pressure.
 6. Insufficient number of traffic police increase more work?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 22 26%
slightly agree 23 27%
agree 25 29%
strongly agree 15 18%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0%
18% 26% strongly disagree
disagree
29% slightly agree
27%
agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it was indentified that 18% of respondents strongly agree that
Insufficient number of traffic police increase more work, 29% of them agree to this, where as
26% disagree and 0% respondents strongly disagree that Insufficient number of traffic police
increase more work.
 7. Digging roads for public utilities like telephone cable, water supply, electricity,
drainage, causes more traffic jams and hence more work load?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 11 12%
slightly agree 19 22%
agree 25 28%
strongly agree 33 38%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0%
12%
38% strongly disagree
22% disagree
slightly agree

28% agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it was identified that 38% of respondents strongly agree that Digging
roads for public utilities like telephone cable, water supply, electricity, drainage, causes more
traffic jams and hence more work load, and 28% agreed to this, 22% of respondents slightly
agree, whereas 12% disagree and 0% strongly disagree.
 8. Constant vigil over long periods make the work tired some?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 3 3%
slightly agree 27 31%
agree 32 36%
strongly agree 26 30%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0% 3%

30% strongly disagree

31%
disagree
slightly agree

36% agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it was identified that 30% of the respondents strongly agree that
Constant vigil over long periods make the work tired some, 36% of agree, 31% of
respondents slightly agree, whereas 3% of disagree, and 0% strongly disagree that Constant
vigil over long periods make the work tired some.
 9. No provision for pedestrians on some roads, thereby need for the traffic regulation?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 12 14%
slightly agree 17 19%
agree 27 31%
strongly agree 32 36%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0%
14% strongly disagree
36%
19% disagree
slightly agree

31% agree
strongly agree

Interpretation:
From the above table it is identified that 36% of respondents strongly agree that No
provision for pedestrians on some roads, thereby need for the traffic regulation, 31% of
respondents agree, 19% of respondents slightly agreed whereas 14% of them disagree and 0%
strongly disagree.
 10. Erratic cattle and pets movement on road causes traffic congestion?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly disagree 1 1%
disagree 12 14%
slightly agree 24 27%
agree 26 30%
strongly agree 25 28%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
1%
14%
28%
strongly disagree
disagree
27%
slightly agree

30% agree
strongly agree

Interpretations:
From the above table it is identified that 28% of respondents strongly agreed that Erratic
cattle and pets movement on road causes traffic congestion, 30% of them agree, 27% of
respondents slightly agree, whereas 14% of respondents disagree and 1% of respondents
strongly disagree.
 11. Insufficient experience in driving causes accidents, hence more work?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly disagree 0 0%
disagree 10 11%
slightly agree 16 18%
agree 33 33%
strongly agree 29 29%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0%
11%
33% strongly disagree
18%
disagree
slightly agree
agree
38%
strongly agree

Interpretation :
From the above table it was identified that 33% of the respondents strongly agree that
Insufficient experience in driving causes accidents, hence more work, 38% of agree, and 18%
of respondents slightly agree, where as 11% of disagree, and 0% of respondents strongly
disagree.
 12. Job exposed to high levels of air pollution?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 6 7%
slightly agree 9 10%
agree 48 55%
strongly agree 25 28%
total 88 100%

Chart Title

0%
10%
7%
28% strongly disagree
disagree
slightly agree
55% agree
strongly agree

Interpretation :
From the above table 28% of respondents strongly agree that Job exposed to high levels of
air pollution, 55% of Agreed, 10% of respondents slightly agree, where as 7% of respondents
Disagree, 0% of respondents strongly disagree.
 13. Dust and noise is causing more irritation or tingling?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 1 1%
slightly agree 23 26%
agree 32 37%
strongly agree 32 36%
total 88 100%

Chart Title

0% 1%

36% 26% strongly disagree

disagree
slightly agree
37% agree
strongly agree

Interpretation :
From the above table 36% of respondents strongly agree that Dust and noise is causing more
irritation or tingling, 37% of respondents agree, where as 26% of respondents slightly agree,
1% of respondents disagree and 0% of respondents strongly disagree.
14. No protection from weather ?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 0 0%
disagree 6 7%
slightly agree 18 20%
agree 37 42%
strongly agree 27 31%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
0%
7%
31% 20% strongly disagree
disagree
slightly agree
agree
42%
strongly agree

Interpretation :
From the above table 31% of respondents strongly agree that No protection from weather,
42% of respondents agree, 20% of respondents slightly agree, where as 7% of respondents
disagree and 0% of respondents strongly disagree.
15. Lack of awareness of traffic rules among public ?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 1 1%
disagree 20 23%
slightly agree 12 14%
agree 22 25%
strongly agree 33 37%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
1%

23%
37% strongly disagree
disagree
14% slightly agree
agree
25%
strongly agree

Interpretation :
From the above table 37% of respondents strongly agree that Lack of awareness of traffic
rules among public, 25% of respondents agree, 14% of respondents slightly agree, where as
23% of respondents disagree and 1% of respondents strongly disagree.
16. Non-adherence to traffic rules and regulations ?

percentage of
particulars no of respondents respondents
strongly
disagree 1 1%
disagree 11 13%
slightly agree 21 24%
agree 23 26%
strongly agree 32 36%
total 88 100%

Chart Title
1%
13%
36% strongly disagree
24% disagree
slightly agree
agree
26%
strongly agree

Interpretation :
From the above table 36% of respondents strongly agree that Non-adherence to traffic rules
and regulations, 26% of respondents agree, 24% of respondents slightly agree, where as 13%
of respondents disagree and 1% of respondents strongly disagree.
CHAPTER 4
Findings:
1. Out of the total population survey 42% disagree that the amount of time their job
takes makes it difficult to fulfil their family responsibilities.

2. 41% of the respondents slightly agree that their job produces strain that makes it
difficult to fulfil their family duties.

3. 41% of respondents agree that their are unable to work well because of heavy work.

4. 59% of respondents agree that increasing vehicle population creates more work.

5. 49% of respondents agree that continues traffic jams create more work pressure.

6. Among the respondents surveyed 29% agree that insufficient number of traffic police
increase more work.

7. 38% of respondents strongly that digging roads for public utilities like telephone
cable ,water supply, electricity, drainage cause more traffic jams and hence more
workload.

8. 36% of the surveyed respondents agreed that constant vigil over long periods make
the work tiresome.

9. Out of the respondents 36% strongly agree that there is no provision for pedestrians
on some roads and hence further traffic regulations is necessary.

10. 30% of respondents agree that erratic cattle and pets movement on the road causes
traffic congestion.

11. 33% of respondents agree that insufficient experience in driving causes accidents and
hence more work.

12. Among all the respondents surveyed 55% agree that their job is exposed to high level
of air pollution.

13. 37% agree that dust and noise is causing more irritation or tingling sensation.

14. 42% of traffic personnel agree that there is no protection from weather.

15. 37% strongly agree that public is unaware of traffic rules.

16. 36% of respondents strongly agree that public are not adhered to traffic rules and
regulations.
Suggestions:

1. Traffic police force must be increased to effectively control traffic jams and other
traffic related issues.

2. If roads are dug for public utilities like expansion of roads, telephone lines
etc..they should be planned systematically according to the traffic and peak hours
and to reduce traffic congestion.

3. Awareness must be created among public through conducting awareness

campaigns at public places and educational intuitions.

4. Usage of more public transportation in order to reduce the traffic and pollution.

5. Age limit should be increased to 20 for the issue of driving license.

6. Usage of CNG vehicles instead of diesel and petrol vehicles will minimize the
pollution to certain extent.

7. Providing incentives and allowances will reduce the stress levels on the families
of the traffic personnel.
Bibliography:

 News papers
 www.shodhgana.com
 www.inpublicsafty.com
CHAPTER 5
Any Suggestions______________________________________________________