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ACTIVE FIRE
PRECAUTION
01 OBJECTIVE OF ACTIVE SYSTEM
02 DETECTION AND WARNING
SYSTEM
TABLE OF 03 EMERGENCY LIGHTING
CONTENT 04 PORTABLE FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS
05 EXTERNAL HYDRANT SYSTEM
06 WET RISER AND DRY RISER
SYSTEM
TABLE OF 07 DOWN-COMER SYSTEM
CONTENT 08 HOSE-REEL SYSTEM
09 AUTOMATIC INERT GAS
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
SECTION 1
OBJECTIVE OF ACTIVE
SYSTEM
OBJECTIVE OF THE ACTIVE SYSTEM
Active fire protection is an integral part of any fire safety
strategy, characterised by items and/or systems
requiring a certain degree of motion and response in
order to work.
An active fire protection system works to detect,
control, suppress, and extinguish fire. It requires an
action to trigger it’s involvement, either manual,
electrical or mechanical.
The benefits of using active fire protection system are
permitting design freedoms and encourage innovative,
inclusive and sustainable architecture
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OBJECTIVE OF THE ACTIVE SYSTEM
The overall aim of active systems is to extinguish the
fire by:
⊳Detecting the fire early and evacuating the building
⊳Alerting emergency services at an early stage of the fire
⊳Control the movement of smoke and fire
⊳Suppress and/or starve the fire of oxygen and fuel
Fire can be controlled or extinguished either
automatically or manually.
⊳Automatically is with the used of water sprinkler system
⊳Manually is by using fire extinguisher.
BUILDING TYPE
TYPE OF SYSTEM
What it mean by
this Code?
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UBBL 10th SCHEDULE
No Smoke
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IONIZATION SMOKE DETECTORS
With Smoke
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OPTICAL SMOKE DETECTORS
Optical Obscuration
Light Sensitive Light Emitting
Diode Diode
Curved
Mirror
60
Backward Scatter Forward Scatter
Transmitter
Receiver
Signals to Fire Alarm
Thermistor Thermistor
Sapphire
lens
Control Unit
End line
Signal to
Fire Alarm
Power
Supply
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ASPIRATING DETECTORS
Sampling holes
Exhaust
Detection Unit
FIRE FIRE
FIRE
FIRE
Panel
FIRE FIRE
FIRE
FIRE
Panel
Hallo Ali
What’s happening?
Hallo Bakar
What’s happening?
Bakar Bossku It’s getting
HOT in here!
H
1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
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SOFT ADDRESSING
Soft addressing is a technique where by addresses are
set automatically by the control equipment.
This method uses more sophisticated address
technology and requires additional components in each
device. Isolator
Address
Memory
Communication
interface
Loop
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HARD ADDRESSING Vs. SOFT ADDRESSING
HARD ADDRESSING SOFT ADDRESSING
Low tech inexpensive High tech requires additional
Danger of address duplication components
Easy to add addresses No duplication of addresses
No additional benefit Addition of addresses may result in
Time required to set addresses address changes unless non volatile
Possible commissioning problems memory used
from duplication of addresses Possible additional benefit of individual
device isolation
Time saving addressing method
Possible commissioning problems from
address component failure
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ANALOGUE FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS
Detection Circuits Sounder Circuits Analogue detection utilizes
sensors not detectors
FIRE FIRE
Fire recognition is done at the
control panel
Fire decisions are based upon
pre-determined thresholds and
fire pattern algorithms
FIRE
End of
V
line
Circuit Monitoring
1975
To be replaced by 24 December 1998
1990
Deemed to comply with Signs Directive
for existing installations
1996
European Signs Directive Format
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THE SAFETY SIGNS REGULATIONS
Signs complying with BS 5499 will meet the
requirements provided they continue to fulfil their
purpose effectively
Signs may be supplemented by directional arrows
Directional arrows on their own are not acceptable
⊳Small differences from the pictograms or symbols shown are
acceptable providing they do not affect or confuse the
message
Address
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Universiti Teknologi MARA
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor