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3
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detoxification)   Naltrexone
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nicotine ^ _@ B
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World Health Organization. (2004). Neuroscience of psychoactive substance use and


dependence summary. Switzerland: Author.
  (Glossary)

   #>    V""


B
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process involving key brain region)
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dependence)
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a"@
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V
R" ^ -
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V
RD
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to substance dependence)
A B @ 
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‚ ‚ @R (identical twin)
U#   (neurobiological commonalities)
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" B  @B (comorbidity  ! dual diagnosis)
C A D  "
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C A <=Bd RU@
U  (lifetime rate of major depressive disorder)
 S (schizophrenia)
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 C
(controversial)
B@ B XDV@S #  (irreversible)
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@
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V
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D R
"  B^  BU
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CT (punishment)
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A BU!" BC
@
   
RB@<="
B@"
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craving)
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BAD  

 (medically supervised detoxification)
<!W  B T 
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" (self-administration)
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B@@ R A B"
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or do no harm)
 "
"@ R # CU@?V#b (positive beneficence)
DRA B  B@?V#b/?V @B  @
B   (distributive justice)
  W
A B"
D?D# CUR@?V#b/?V @B  @
@ B (equitable
distribution of risks & benefits)
 A

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A BU!" B"R
(self-esteem)
 D
R (animal experiments)
  
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 D
RA (human experimental studies)
 d=T #  V# T # S@
aRAD   ?V  (clinical trials of
therapies for substance dependence)
 D  (placebo)
A B   B""
  RBT (human research committee)
R  R     
D@  (independent monitoring of compliance with
the study protocol)

?D D@B!"  (peer pressure)
 

ABR RU (social context of their use)
   TcD  RU  !  RU   (acute intoxiation, overdose)
A B? # "BA B<<  (complex disorder)
  
 R
AB (psychosocial intervention)
    (substitute psychotropic drugs)
  #†BSVB (primary health care)
  (stigmatization)
 
 (discrimination)
 
ABd  (social science research)
  #o
 (prevention research)
    (treatment research)
   C  (policy research)
= BVD d=T #>D (evidence•based)

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