N173 Iso CD 5149 1 2006

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO TC 86/SC 1 N 173
Date: 2006-04-03
ISO/CD 5149-1
ISO/TC 86/SC 1
Secretariat: ANSI
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental

requirements — Part 1: Definitions, classification and selection criteria
Systèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur — Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement — Partie 1:
Définitions, classification et critères de choix
Warning
This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to
change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Document type: International Standard

Document subtype:
Document stage: (30) Committee
Document language: E
ISO/CD 5149-1
Copyright notice
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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

ISO/CD 5149-1
Contents Page
1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................1
2 Normative references .........................................................................................................................1
3 Terms, definitions and acronyms ......................................................................................................2
3.1 Refrigerating systems ........................................................................................................................5
3.2 Localitions ...........................................................................................................................................6
3.3 Pressures ............................................................................................................................................7
3.4 Components of refrigerating systems...............................................................................................7
3.5 Piping, joints and fittings ...................................................................................................................9
3.6 Safety devices ...................................................................................................................................10
3.7 Fluids .................................................................................................................................................11
3.8 Heat transfer circuit ..........................................................................................................................12
3.9 Refrigerant disposal .........................................................................................................................12
3.10 Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................................13
3.11 Acronyms ..........................................................................................................................................13
4 Classification.....................................................................................................................................14
4.1 Occupancies classification ..............................................................................................................14
4.2 System classification........................................................................................................................15
4.3 Location classification .....................................................................................................................19
4.4 Refrigerant classification .................................................................................................................19
5 Quantity of refrigerant per occupied space ....................................................................................19
6 Space volume calculations ..............................................................................................................20
7 Heat transfer fluid .............................................................................................................................20
Annex A (normative) Location of refrigerating systems .............................................................................22
A.1 General ..............................................................................................................................................22
A.2 Factory sealed units with a charge of less than 0,15 kg of A3 refrigerant ...................................32
A.3 Alternative provisions for multi-split air conditioning or heat pumps systems...........................32
Annex B (normative) Safety classification and information about refrigerants ........................................35
Bibliography...................................................................................................................................................41
© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/CD 5149-1
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 5149-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 86, Refrigeration and air-conditioning,
Subcommittee 1.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5149:1993), which has been technically revised.
ISO 5149 consists of the following parts, under the general title Refrigerating systems and heat pumps —
Safety and environmental requirements:
 Part 1: Definitions, classification and selection criteria
 Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking, and documentation,
 Part 3: Installation site,
 Part 4: Operation, maintenance repair and recovery.
The purpose of the standard is to promote the safe design, construction, disposal, installation, and operation
of refrigerating systems.
The industry response to the CFC issue has accelerated the introduction of alternative refrigerants. The entry
of new refrigerants and blends in the market and the introduction of new safety classifications prompted the
revision of the standard.
This standard is directed to the safety of persons and property on or near the premises where refrigeration
facilities are located. It includes specifications for fabricating a tight system.
The standard is intended to minimise possible hazards to persons, property and the environment from
refrigerating systems and refrigerants. These hazards are associated essentially with the physical and
chemical characteristics of refrigerants as well as the pressures and temperatures occurring in refrigeration
cycles.
Inadequate precautions may result in:
 rupture of a part of the refrigeration system, or even an explosion, with risk from projected materials;
 escape of refrigerant due to a fracture, a leakage caused by bad design, incorrect operation, and
inadequate maintenance, repair, charging or disposal;
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

ISO/CD 5149-1
 burning or explosion of escaping refrigerant with consequent risk of fire.
Refrigerants, their mixtures and combinations with oils, water and other materials, which are present in the
refrigerating system, intended or unintended, affect the internal surrounding materials chemically and
physically for example, due to pressure and temperature. They can, if they have detrimental properties,
endanger persons, property and the environment directly or indirectly due to global long-term effects (ODP,
GWP) when escaping from the refrigerating system. The specifications of such refrigerants, mixtures and
combinations are given in other standards and are not included in this standard.
Hazards due to the pressure and temperature in refrigerating systems are essentially due to the simultaneous
presence of the liquid and vapour phases. Furthermore, the state of the refrigerant and the stresses that it
exerts on the various components do not depend solely on the processes and functions inside the equipment,
but also from external causes.
The following hazards are worthy of note:
a) from the direct effect of extreme temperature, for example:
 brittleness of materials at low temperatures;
 freezing of enclosed liquid ;
 thermal stresses;
 changes of volume due to temperature changes;
 injurious effects to persons caused by low temperatures;
 touchable hot surfaces
b) from excessive pressure due to, for example:
 increase in the pressure of condensation, caused by inadequate cooling or the partial pressure of
non condensable gases or an accumulation of oil or liquid refrigerant;
 increase in the pressure of saturated vapour due to excessive external heating, for example of a
liquid cooler, or when defrosting an air cooler or high ambient temperature when the plant is at a
standstill;
 expansion of a liquid refrigerant in a closed space without the presence of vapour, caused by a risk in
extreme temperature;
 fire;
c) from the direct effect of the liquid phase for example:
 excessive refrigerant charge or refrigerant flooding of equipment;
 presence of liquid in compressors, caused by siphoning, or condensing in the compressor;
 liquid hammering in piping;
 loss of lubrication due to emulsification of oil;
d) from the escape of refrigerants, for example:
 fire;
© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved v

ISO/CD 5149-1
 explosion;
 toxicity;
 caustic effects;
 freezing of skin;
 asphyxiation;
 panic;
 possible environmental issues such as depletion of the ozone layer and global warming;
e) from the moving parts of the machinery, for example:
 injury;
 hearing loss from excessive noise;
 damage due to vibration.
Attention is drawn to hazards common to all compression systems, such as high temperature at discharge,
liquid slugging, erroneous operation or reduction in mechanical strength caused by corrosion, erosion, thermal
stress, fatigue stresses, liquid hammer or vibration.
Corrosion, however, should have special consideration as conditions peculiar to refrigerating systems arise
due to alternate frosting and defrosting or the covering of equipment by insulation.
Table B.1 shows the amount of refrigerant in a given space, when exceeded, requires additional consideration
including use of a machinery room or additional protective measures to avoid the risk of a hazard.
Commonly used refrigerants except ammonia (R-717) are heavier than air. Care should be taken to avoid
stagnant pockets of heavy refrigerant vapours by proper location of ventilation inlet and exhaust openings. All
machinery rooms are required to have mechanical ventilation controlled by oxygen deficiency alarms or
refrigerant vapour alarms.
vi © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

COMMITTEE DRAFT ISO/CD 5149-1
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and

environmental requirements — Part 1: Definitions, classification
and selection criteria
1 Scope
1.1 This standard specifies the requirements for the safety of persons and property, provides guidance for
the protection of the environment and establishes procedures for the operation, maintenance and repair of
refrigerating systems and the recovery of refrigerants.
1.2 This standard applies:
a) to refrigerating systems, stationary or mobile, of all sizes including heat pumps;
b) secondary cooling or heating systems;
c) the location of the refrigerating systems; and
d) to parts replaced and components added after adoption of this standard if they are not identical in
function and in the capacity.
1.3 This standard does not cover “motor vehicle air conditioners”.
1.4 This standard does not apply to goods in storage, with respect to spoilage or contamination.
1.5 This standard is applicable to new refrigerating systems, extensions or modifications of already existing
systems, and for used systems, being transferred to and operated on another site. Deviations are permissible
only if equivalent protection is ensured.
1.6 This standard also applies in the case of the conversion of a system for another refrigerant.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 817, Refrigerants — Designation system
ISO 5149-3, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 3:
Installation site and personal protection
ISO 5151, Non-ducted air conditioners and heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved 1

ISO/CD 5149-1
3 Terms, definitions and acronyms

For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply:
Equivalent terms in English and French
Index of the terms defined in the standard Répertoire des termes définis dans la Clause
norme number
absorption system système à absorption 3.1.1
azeotrope azéotrope 3.7.1
brazed joint joint brasé fort 3.5.1
bursting disc disque de rupture 3.6.1
cascade system Installation en cascade 3.1.2
changeover device inverseur 3.6.2
coil serpentin 3.4.1
companion [block] valves contre-robinets [ou robinets-vannes] de 3.5.2
sectionnement
compressor compresseur 3.4.2
compressor unit groupe compresseur 3.4.2.1
compression joint joint par compression 3.5.3
condenser condenseur 3.4.4
condensing unit groupe de condensation 3.4.5
crawl spaces vide sanitaire 3.2.1
design pressure pression de conception 3.3.1
dilution convection courant d'air dû à une différence de densité 3.10.2
dilution transfer opening courant d'air dû à l'ouverture 3.10.3
direct system système direct 3.1.3
disposal mise à disposition 3.9.1
double indirect system système indirect double 3.1.4
evaporator évaporateur 3.4.6
exit sortie 3.2.2
exit passageway passage de sortie 3.2.3
expansion volume sealed type circuit vase d'expansion pour système de 3.8.1
réfrigération scellé
factory made fabriqué en usine 3.10.1
flanged joint joint à bride 3.5.4
flared joint joint évasé 3.5.5
fusible plug bouchon fusible 3.6.3
hallway corridor 3.2.4
halocarbon halocarbure 3.7.2
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

ISO/CD 5149-1
(continued)
header collecteur 3.5.6
heat exchanger échangeur thermique 3.4.3

heat pump pompe à chaleur 3.1.9
heat transfer circuit circuit de transfert de chaleur 3.8.2
heat-transfer fluid fluide caloporteur 3.7.3
high pressure side côté haute pression 3.1.7

hydrocarbon hydrocarbure 3.7.2
indirect systems systèmes indirects 3.1.5

internal gross volume volume interne brut 3.4.10
internal net volume volume interne net 3.4.11

isolating valves robinet de sectionnement 3.5.7
joint joint 3.5.8

limited charge system système à charge limitée 3.1.6
liquid level cut out limiteur de niveau de liquides 3.6.4
liquid receiver réservoir de liquide 3.4.9

low pressure side côté basse pression 3.1.8
lower flammability limit limite inférieure d'inflammabilité 3.7.4
machinery room salle des machines 3.2.5
maximum allowable pressure pression maximale admissible 3.3.3

multisplit system système multisplit 3.1.14
occupied space espace occupé par des personnes 3.2.6
open air air libre 3.2.7
open compressor compresseur ouvert 3.4.2.4

overflow valve soupape de décharge 3.6.5
outside air air extérieur 3.7.5
piping tuyauterie 3.5.9
positive displacement compressor compresseur volumétrique 3.4.2.2

pressure limiter limiteur de pression 3.6.6
pressure relief device dispositif limiteur de pression 3.6.7
pressure relief valve soupape de sécurité 3.6.8

pressure vessel réservoir à pression 3.4.7
quick closing valve robinet à fermeture rapide 3.5.10
reclaim régénérer 3.9.2

ISO/CD 5149-1
(continued)
recover récupérer 3.9.3
recycle recycler 3.9.4

refrigerant fluide frigorigène 3.7.6
refrigerant detector détecteur de fluide frigorigène 3.6.9
refrigerating equipment composants frigorifiques 3.4.12
refrigerating system système de réfrigération 3.1.9

Safety switching device for limiting the dispositif de sécurité de limitation de la 3.6.10
pressure pression
sealed system système scellé 3.1.11

self closing valve Robinet à autofermeture 3.6.11
self-contained system système autonome 3.1.10
service duct gaine de service 3.5.11
shut-off device dispositif d'arrêt 3.5.12

special machinery room salle des machines spéciale 3.2.8
strength test pressure pression de l'essai de résistance 3.3.4

surge drum réservoir-tampon 3.4.13
systems systèmes 3.1.12
tapered thread joint joint fileté conique 3.5.13
temperature limiting device dispositif de limitation de la température 3.6.12

three-way valve robinet à trios voies 3.5.14
tightness test pressure pression de l'essai d'étanchéité 3.3.2
toxicity toxicité 3.7.7
type approved safety pressure cut out ayant subi un essai de type pressostat de 3.6.15
sécurité
type approved pressure cut out ayant subi un essai de type pressostat 3.6.13
type approved pressure limiter ayant subi un essai de type limiteur de 3.6.14
pression
ultimate strength of a system résistance ultime d'un système 3.3.5

unit system système monobloc 3.1.13
welded joint joint soudé 3.5.15

zeotrope zéotrope 3.7.8

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.1 Refrigerating systems
3.1.1
absorption system
refrigerating system in which refrigeration is effected by evaporation of a refrigerant, the vapour then being
absorbed or adsorbed by an absorbent or adsorbent medium respectively, from which it is subsequently
expelled at a higher partial vapour pressure by heating and then liquefied by cooling
3.1.2
cascade system
two or more independent refrigerant circuit where the condenser of one system rejects heat directly to the
evaporator of another
3.1.3
direct system
evaporator or condenser of the refrigerating system in contact with the air or the substance to be cooled or
heated. Systems in which, the secondary coolant is in contact with the air or the goods to be cooled or heated
(e.g. spray systems) are direct systems
NOTE For the purpose of this standard direct and indirect systems are defined with respect to the potential to leak
refrigerant into human occupied space. Direct and indirect systems exist where human occupied space is not involved
based on the system design.
3.1.4
double indirect system
system similar to that of 3.1.5 except that the heat-transfer medium passes through a second heat exchanger
located externally to the space and cools or heats a second heat-transfer medium fluid which is brought into
direct contact with the substance concerned e.g. by sprays or similar means.
3.1.5
indirect systems
evaporator cools or condenser heats the secondary coolant which passes through closed circuit containing
heat exchangers, that are in direct contact with the substance to be treated
3.1.6
limited charge systems
refrigerating system in which the internal volume and total refrigerant charge are such that, with the system
idle, the allowable pressure will not be exceeded when complete evaporation of the refrigerant occurs
3.1.7
high pressure side
part of a refrigerating system operating at approximately the condenser pressure
3.1.8
low pressure side
part of a refrigerating system operating at approximately the evaporator pressure
3.1.9
refrigerating system (heat pump)
combination of interconnected refrigerant-containing parts constituting one closed circuit in which the
refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of extracting and rejecting heat (i.e. heating and cooling)
NOTE Refrigerating is used to refer to the ongoing process, while refrigeration is used to refer to something that is
completed, such as the equipment (refrigeration equipment)
3.1.10
self-contained system
complete factory-made refrigerating system in a suitable frame and/or enclosure, that is fabricated and
transported complete, or in two or more sections and in which no refrigerant containing parts are connected
on site other than by isolation valves, such as companion or block valves

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.1.11
sealed system
self contained system where all refrigerants containing parts are made tight by welding, brazing or similar
permanent connection
3.1.12
systems
set of components working together as a mechanism or interconnected network
NOTE Examples of systems are given in subclause 4.2.
3.1.13
unit system
self-contained system that has been assembled, filled, ready for use and tested prior to its installation and is
installed without the need for connecting any refrigerant containing parts
3.1.14
multisplit system
split system air conditioner or heat pump incorporated a single refrigerant circuit, multiple indoor unit and one
or more outdoor units
3.2 Localitions
3.2.1
crawl spaces
space that is in general accessed for maintenance only and where it is not possible to walk or access by
walking
3.2.2
exit
opening in the outer wall, with or without a door or gate
3.2.3
exit passageway
passageway immediately in the vicinity of the door through which people leave the building
3.2.4
hallway
corridor for the passage of people
3.2.5
machinery room
enclosed room or space, vented by mechanical ventilation, sealed from public areas and not accessible to the
public, which is intended to contain components of the refrigerating system.
NOTE A machinery room may contain other equipment provided its installation requirements are compatible with the
requirements for the safety of the refrigerating system.
3.2.6
occupied space
space bounded by walls, floors and ceilings in buildings which is occupied for a significant period by persons.
Where the spaces around the apparent occupied space are, by construction or design, not air tight, these
shall be considered as part of the human occupied space, e.g. false ceiling voids, crawl ways, ducts, movable
partitions and doors with transfer grilles. Storage areas, closets, etc. are not considered occupied space. For
the purpose of this standard occupied space is identified as to the occupancy intended as follows
3.2.7
open air
any unenclosed space, which may or not be roofed

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.2.8
special machinery room
machinery room intended to contain only components of the refrigerating system, having no combustion
element, (except where the refrigerating system is direct gas fired absorption) and accessible only to
competent refrigerating personnel for the purposes of inspection, maintenance and repair
3.3 Pressures
3.3.1
design pressure
pressure chosen for the strength calculation pressure of each component
NOTE It is used for determining the necessary materials, thickness and construction for components with regard to
their ability to withstand pressure.
3.3.2
tightness test pressure
pressure that is applied to test a system or any part of it for pressure tightness
3.3.3
maximum allowable pressure
PS
maximum pressure for which the equipment is designed, as specified by the manufacturer
3.3.4
strength test pressure
pressure that is applied to test the strength of a refrigerating system or any part of it
3.3.5
ultimate strength of a system
pressure at which a part of the system ruptures or bursts
3.4 Components of refrigerating systems
3.4.1
coil
part of the refrigerating system constructed from pipes or tubes suitably connected and serving as a heat
exchanger (evaporator or condenser). A header connecting the tubes of the heat exchanger is part of the coil
3.4.2
compressor
device for mechanically increasing the pressure of a refrigerant vapour
3.4.2.1
compressor unit
combination of one or more compressors and the regularly furnished accessories
3.4.2.2
positive displacement compressor
compressor in which compression is obtained by changing the internal volume of the compression chamber
3.4.2.3
non-positive displacement compressor
compressor in which compression is obtained without changing the internal volume of the compression
chamber
3.4.2.4
open compressor
compressor having a drive shaft penetrating the refrigerant-tight housing

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.4.3
heat exchanger
Device design to transfer heat between two physically separated fluids
3.4.4
condenser
heat exchanger in which vaporised refrigerant is liquefied by removal of heat
3.4.5
condensing unit
combination of one or more compressors, condensers or liquid receivers (when required) and the regularly
furnished accessories
3.4.6
evaporator
heat exchanger in which liquid refrigerant is vaporised by absorbing heat from the substance to be cooled
3.4.7
pressure vessel
any refrigerant containing part of a refrigerating system other than:
 compressors;
 pumps;
 component parts of sealed absorption systems;
 evaporators, each separate section of which does not exceed 15 litres of refrigerant containing
volume;
 coils;
 piping and its valves, joints and fittings;
 control devices;
 headers and other components having an internal diameter of not greater than 152mm and an
internal net volume of not greater than 100 litters.
3.4.8
fade-out vessel
vapour receiver connected to the low temperature side of a limited charge cascade system which is of
sufficient size to limit the rise in pressure during system standstill.
NOTE The receiver should provide sufficient volume to accommodate the total refrigerant charge of the circuit as
vapour at ambient temperature without exceeding the allowable pressure of the system.
3.4.9
liquid receiver
vessel permanently connected to a system by inlet and outlet pipes for accumulation of liquid refrigerant
3.4.10
internal gross volume
volume calculated from the internal dimensions of a vessel, no account being taken of the volume of any parts
within the internal dimensions

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.4.11
internal net volume
volume calculated from the internal dimensions of a vessel, after the subtraction of the volume of the parts
within the internal dimensions
3.4.12
refrigerating equipment
components forming a part of the refrigerating system, e.g. compressor, condenser, generator, absorber,
adsorber, liquid receiver, evaporator, surge drum
3.4.13
surge drum
vessels containing refrigerant at low pressure and temperature and connected by liquid feed and vapour
return pipes to an evaporator(s)
3.5 Piping, joints and fittings
3.5.1
brazed joint
joint obtained by the joining of metal parts with alloys which melt at temperatures in general higher than
450 °C but less than the melting temperatures of the joined parts
3.5.2
companion [block] valves
pairs of mating stop valves, isolating sections of systems and arranged so that these sections may be joined
before opening these valves or separated after closing them
3.5.3
compression joint
pipe joint in which the tightening of a nut compresses a shaped ring that presses on the outside of the pipe
sealing the system
3.5.4
flanged joint
joint made by bolting together a pair of flanged ends
3.5.5
flared joint
metal-metal compression joint in which a conical spread is made on the end of the tube
3.5.6
header
pipe or tube component of a refrigerating system to which several other pipes or tubes are connected
3.5.7
isolating valves
valves which prevent flow in either direction when closed
3.5.8
joint
connection made between parts
3.5.9
piping
pipes or tubes (including any hose, bellows or flexible pipe) for interconnecting the various parts of a
refrigerating system

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.5.10
quick closing valve
shut-off device which closes automatically (e.g. by weight, spring force, quick closing ball) or has a very small
closing angle
3.5.11
service duct
duct containing the electrical supply, refrigerant piping, plumbing, other ducts or equivalent service required
for operation of the product.
3.5.12
shut-off device
device to shut off the flow of the fluid
3.5.13
tapered thread joint
threaded pipe joint requiring filler materials in order to block the spiral leakage path
3.5.14
three-way valve
a service valve that connects one refrigerant line to one or two other refrigerant lines. Generally is intended to
permit servicing part of a refrigerating system without removing the refrigerant from the complete system
3.5.15
welded joint
gas tight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts in the molten state
3.6 Safety devices
3.6.1
bursting disc
disc or foil which bursts at a predetermined differential pressure
3.6.2
changeover device
valve controlling two safety devices and so arranged that only one can be made inoperative at any one time
3.6.3
fusible plug
device containing any material which melts at a predetermined temperature and relieves the pressure
3.6.4
liquid level cut out
liquid level actuated device designed to prevent unsafe liquid levels
3.6.5
overflow valve
pressure relief device discharging to the low pressure side of the refrigeration system
3.6.6
pressure limiter
safety switching device for limiting the pressure that resets automatically
NOTE It is called PSH for high pressure protection and PSL for low pressure protection.
3.6.7
pressure relief device
pressure relief valve or bursting disc device designed to relieve excessive pressure automatically

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.6.8
pressure relief valve
pressure actuated valve held shut by a spring or other means and designed to relieve pressure automatically
3.6.9
refrigerant detector
sensing device which responds to a pre-set concentration of refrigerant gas in the environment
3.6.10
safety switching device for limiting the pressure
type approved pressure actuated device that is designed to stop the operation of the pressure generator
3.6.11
self closing valve
valve that closes automatically e.g. by weight or spring force
3.6.12
temperature limiting device
temperature actuated device that is designed to prevent excessive temperatures
NOTE A fusible plug is not a temperature limiting device.
3.6.13
type approved pressure cut out
safety switching device for limiting the pressure that manually resets
3.6.14
type approved pressure limiter
safety switching device for limiting the pressure that, automatically resets and is called PSH for high pressure
protection
3.6.15
type approved safety pressure cut out
safety switching device for limiting the pressure that manually resets only with the aid of a tool
3.6.16
type approved component
Component for which the examination performed on one or more samples of this component by following a
recognised standard for type approval
3.7 Fluids
3.7.1
azeotrope
blend composed of two or more refrigerants whose equilibrium vapour and liquid phase compositions are the
same at a given pressure, but may be different at other condition
3.7.2
halocarbon and hydrocarbon
these are:
 CFC: Fully-halogenated (no hydrogen remaining) halocarbon containing chlorine, fluorine and carbon;
 HCFC: Halocarbon containing hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine and carbon;
 HFC: Halocarbon containing only hydrogen, fluorine and carbon;
 PFC: Halocarbon containing only fluorine and carbon;

ISO/CD 5149-1
 HC: Hydrocarbon containing only hydrogen and carbon;
 FIC; Fluoroiodocarbon (fluorine,iodine and carbon)
3.7.3
heat-transfer fluid
fluid (e.g. brine, water, air) for the transmission of heat
3.7.4
lower flammability limit (LFL)
minimum concentration of refrigerant that is capable of propagating a flame within a homogeneous mixture of
refrigerant and air fixed at a temperature of 23 °C and a pressure of 101 325 Pa
3.7.5
outside air
air from outside the building
3.7.6
refrigerant
fluid used for heat transfer in a mechanical refrigerating system, which absorbs heat at a low temperature and
a low pressure of the fluid and rejects heat at a higher temperature and a higher pressure of the fluid usually
involving changes of the phase of the fluid
NOTE Most of refrigerants are listed in ISO 817.
3.7.7
toxicity
ability of a refrigerant to be harmful, or lethal or to impair a person's ability to escape due to acute or chronic
exposure by contact, inhalation or ingestion
NOTE Temporary discomfort that does not impair health is not considered to be harmful.
3.7.8
zeotrope
blend composed of two or more refrigerants whose equilibrium vapour and liquid phase compositions are not
the same at any point
3.8 Heat transfer circuit
3.8.1
expansion volume sealed type circuit
circuit completely sealed and variation of volume partially absorbed in a pressurized expansion vessel
3.8.2
heat transfer circuit
circuit which is composed of at least two heat exchangers and interconnecting pipes
3.9 Refrigerant disposal
3.9.1
disposal
to dispose of - to convey a product usually for scrapping or destruction
3.9.2
reclaim
to process used refrigerants to new product specifications

ISO/CD 5149-1
3.9.3
recover
to remove refrigerant in any condition from a system and store it in an external container
3.9.4
recycle
to reduce contaminants in used refrigerants by separating oil, removing noncondensables and using devices
such as filter/dryers to reduce moisture, acidity and particulate matter
3.10 Miscellaneous
3.10.1
factory made
manufactured at a dedicated production location under control of a recognised quality system
3.10.2
dilution convection
air flow caused by the density difference between the mixture of leaked refrigerant with air into the occupied
space
3.10.3
dilution transfer opening
opening which allows the leaked refrigerant to flow out from the room to an adjacent room or corridor by
density difference, dilution, convection or ventilation
3.11 Acronyms
3.11.1
ATEL Acute Toxicity exposure Limit
maximum recommend refrigerant concentration determined in accordance with ISO 817 and intended to
reduce the risks of acute toxicity hazards to humans in the event of refrigerant release
3.11.2
ODL Oxygen Deprivation Limit
concentration of a refrigerant or other gas that results in insufficient oxygen causing the onset of abnormal
physiological effects
NOTE For ISO 5149, the ODL is the concentration that reduces the oxygen content in normal air to below 18,0 %,
assuming uniform mixing.
3.11.3
QLAV Quantity Limit with Additionally Ventilation
refrigerant concentration that is basically equal to the ODL which makes the oxygen concentration of 18%
assuming perfect mixing
3.11.4
QLMV Quantity Limit with Minimum Ventilation
calculated value from based on having 0,0032 m2 opening (0,8 m width door and 4 mm gap) that can be
expected every room without intention for ventilation
3.11.5
RCL
Refrigerant Concentration Limit

ISO/CD 5149-1
4 Classification
4.1 Occupancies classification
4.1.1 General
Occupancies are classified by national requirements. For the purpose of this international standard, national
occupancy classification shall be placed into the following occupancy groups. If national standards do not exist
the following occupancy groups shall be used.
4.1.2 Occupied space, general
Occupancies are classified in respect to the safety of the persons, who may be directly affected in case of
abnormal operation of the refrigerating system. Considerations of safety in refrigerating systems take into
account the site, the number of people occupying the site and the categories of occupancy. Refrigeration
machinery rooms (part 3 of this standard) are regarded as unoccupied.
4.1.3 General occupancy – Class A
A location where people may sleep or where the number of people present is not controlled or to which any
person has access without having knowledge of safety precautions.
EXAMPLE Fospitals, prisons, nursing homes, theatres, supermarkets, transport termini, hotels, lecture halls,
dwellings, restaurants.
4.1.4 Supervised occupancy – Class B
Rooms, parts of buildings or buildings, where only a limited number of people may be assembled, some of
them being necessarily acquainted with the general safety precautions.
EXAMPLE Laboratories, places for general manufacturing, office buildings.
4.1.5 Occupancy with authorised access only – Class C
An occupancy which is not open to public and where only authorised persons are granted access. Authorised
persons shall be acquainted with general safety precautions of the establishment (e.g. industrial production
facilities).
EXAMPLE Cold stores, refineries, abattoirs, non-public areas in supermarkets, manufacturing facilities e.g. for
chemicals, food, ice and ice cream.
4.1.6 Systems deserving two or more types of occupancy
When two or more types of occupancy are served by a refrigeration system the charge size shall be
determined by the more stringent requirement.
NOTE Attention is drawn to the safety of adjacent premises and occupants in areas adjacent to a refrigerating
system. Refrigerants heavier than air can cause oxygen deficient pockets at low level (see relative molar mass in the
informative Annex B).

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table 1 — Category of occupancy
Categories General characteristics Examplesa
General occupancy A Rooms, parts of buildings, building Hospitals, courts or prisons,

where: theatres, supermarkets, schools,
- people may sleep; lecture halls, public transport
- people are restricted in their termini, hotels, dwellings,
movement; restaurants.
- an uncontrolled number of
people are present or to which any
person has access without being
personally acquainted with the
necessary safety precautions.
Supervised occupancy B Rooms, parts of buildings, Business or professional offices,

buildings where only a limited laboratories, places for general
number of people may be manufacturing and where people
assembled, some being work.
necessarily acquainted with the
general safety precautions of the
establishment.
Authorised occupancy Rooms, parts of buildings, Manufacturing facilities, e.g. for

buildings where only authorised chemicals, food, beverage, ice,
persons have access, who are ice-cream, refineries, cold srores,
acquainted with general and dairies, abattoirs, non-public areas
special safety precautions of the in supermarkets.
establishment and where
manufacturing, processing or
storage of material or products
take place.
a The list of examples is not exhaustive.
4.2 System classification
4.2.1 General
Refrigerating systems are classified according to the method of extracting heat from (cooling) or adding it to
(heating) the atmosphere or substance to be treated.
4.2.2 Direct systems
4.2.2.1 General
Systems with one degree of separation from the occupied space are called direct systems.
4.2.2.2 Direct expansion system
The refrigerant containing parts are located within the occupied space, into which the refrigerant could enter in
the event of a leak.

ISO/CD 5149-1
Key
1 occupied space
2 refrigerant containing part(s)
Figure 1 — Direct expansion system

ISO/CD 5149-1
4.2.2.3 Open spray system
Heat transfer medium in direct contact with refrigerant containing parts, where the indirect circuit is open to the
occupied space. A refrigerant leak could enter the occupied space.
Key
1 occupied space
Figure 2 — Open spray system
4.2.2.4 Direct ducted system
Ducted air in direct contact with refrigerant containing parts, where the conditioned air is supplied to the
Key
1 occupied space
Figure 3 — Direct ducted system

ISO/CD 5149-1
4.2.2.5 Open vented spray system
Heat transfer medium in direct contact with refrigerant containing parts, where the indirect circuit is open to the
Key
1 occupied space
Figure 4 — Open vented spray system
4.2.3 Indirect systems
4.2.3.1 General
Systems with more than one degree of separation from the occupied space are called indirect systems.
4.2.3.2 Double indirect system
Where a heat transfer medium is with refrigerant containing parts, and heat is exchanged with a second
indirect circuit that passes into the occupied space. A refrigerant leak cannot enter the occupied space.
Key
1 occupied space
Figure 5 — Double indirect system

ISO/CD 5149-1
4.2.3.3 High pressure indirect system
Where the heat transfer medium is at a higher pressure that the refrigerant containing parts. The refrigerant
cannot leak into the indirect circuit.
Key
1 occupied space
P1 Pressure 1
P2 Pressure 2
Figure 6 — High pressure indirect system
4.3 Location classification
4.3.1 Class I – Occupied Space
The refrigeration system or refrigerant containing parts thereof are located in the occupied space. If all
compressors and condensers are isolated in a machinery room or in the open air, class III shall apply instead
of class I.
4.3.2 Class II – Compressors in machinery room
All compressors, liquid receivers and condensers are either located in a machinery room or in the open air.
Evaporators including their feeding liquid lines may by located in an occupied space.
4.3.3 Class III – Machinery room
All refrigerant containing parts are located in a machinery room. The machinery room fulfils the respective
requirements of part 3 of this standard.
4.4 Refrigerant classification
5 Quantity of refrigerant per occupied space

5.1 Consideration of the amount of a refrigerant charge that could enter into the human occupied space
shall be made in the following manner:
For occupied spaces, the refrigerant charge shall not exceed the amounts specified in Annex A.
Machinery rooms are not considered occupied space, general.
5.2 Where IEC or ISO product standards exist for particular types of systems and where these product
standards refer to refrigerant quantities limits, such quantities shall overrule the requirements of this standard.

ISO/CD 5149-1
6 Space volume calculations

6.1 The volume (V) of the smallest, enclosed, normally human occupied space shall be used in the
determination of the refrigerant quantity limits.
6.2 The space considered shall be any space which contains refrigerant containing parts.
6.3 Multiple spaces that have openings (that cannot be closed) between the individual spaces or are
connected with a common ventilation supply, return or exhaust system not containing the evaporator of the
condenser shall be treated as a single space. Where the evaporator or condenser is located in an air supply
duct system serving multiple spaces, the volume of the smallest single space shall be used. If the air flow to a
space cannot be reduced to less than 10 % of the maximum air flow by the use of an air flow reducer, then
that space shall be included in the volume of the smallest human occupied space.
6.4 Where the evaporator or condenser is located in an air supply duct system and the system serves an
unpartitioned multistory building, the volume of the smallest occupied story of the building shall be used.
6.5 The space above a false ceiling or partition shall be included in the volume calculation unless the false
ceiling is airtight.
NOTE Where an indoor unit of a multisplit system is in or the system piping passes through an occupied space
having a volume of such size so that the total charge exceeds the allowable charge, special provisions may be made to
ensure at least an equivalent level of safety. See Annex B.
7 Heat transfer fluid
Where fluids listed in Annex C are used, the circuit shall be considered as a refrigerating circuit and the fluid
as a refrigerant. The designer shall take into account the following criteria when selecting a heat transfer fluid:
− Ingestion - Use of heat transfer fluids for cooling or heating of food products shall comply with national or
regional legislation.
NOTE Many food processing applications rely on a heat transfer fluid for indirect cooling or freezing. Unintentional
leakage of "food grade" heat transfer coolants into a food product mitigates the risk.
The effects due to spraying from a leak when the fluid under pressure shall be considered.
Fluids that comply with national regulations which have evaluated the material for ingestion by persons are
permitted to enter the ground or drainage system.
− Water and soil contamination – Where the heat transfer fluid has not been approved by this standard or
national regulations for human consumption or release to ground water then provision shall be made in
the design of the system and the building to prevent such release in the event of a leak.
− Personal exposure (toxicity) - The personal exposures of the heat transfer fluid shall determined by
reviewing the Material Safety Data Sheet and assuming the total amount leaks into occupied space.
− Pressure - the heat transfer fluid containment circuit shall be capable of withstanding the pressures
generated in the heat transfer loop in accordance with Part 2.
− Marks -The system shall be marked with a design pressure rating in accordance with Part 2.
− Freezing Point – If the freezing point of the Heat Transfer Fluid is more 3 K below the lowest temperature
of the primary circuit refrigerant no additional requirements apply. A freezing point greater than the lowest
temperature of the primary circuit refrigerant is permitted if the pressure of the secondary circuit does not
exceed the design pressure rating of the pressure containing parts. The pressure shall be determined
under a freezing blockage at the most adverse point in the circuit. The freezing point of the HTF is also
permitted to be greater than the lowest temperature of the primary circuit refrigerant if the circuit contains

ISO/CD 5149-1
an automatic control that stops the primary circuit refrigeration function before the secondary loop is
blocked.
− Decomposition Point - To avoid decomposition of the heat transfer fluid the maximum operating
temperature shall not be greater than the maximum rated operating temperature of the fluid as specified
by manufacturer.
− Flash Point - The flash point of the fluid shall not be less than 55 °C.
− Autoignition Temperature - The heat transfer fluid shall have an autoignition temperature greater than
100 °C.
− Thermal Expansion - Fluids that have a positive coefficient of thermal expansion of the fluid as the
temperature is lowered below the freezing point shall not cause the pressure in the secondary loop to
exceed the rated pressure for the loop and shall not cause the pipe to deform under freezing conditions.
Compliance is checked by testing at 10 °C below the freezing point of the fluid or at the temperatures that
can be reached under blocked conditions, whichever is lower.
− Corrosion protection - The heat transfer fluid shall provide adequate corrosion protection to all system
materials. Non-aqueous based heat transfer fluids are inherently non-corrosive provided they are not
contaminated by water. All water based heat transfer fluids must not exceed a corrosion rate for each
metal used in the circuit 0,012 7 mm per year when tested according to conditions specified by an industry
accepted standard such as ASTM D1384-04.

ISO/CD 5149-1
Annex A
(normative)
Location of refrigerating systems
A.1 General
There are three types of location for refrigerating systems. The appropriate location shall be selected in
accordance with this International Standard which takes account of possible hazards.
The three types of location are described in Clause 4.3.
NOTE 1 Some heat pumps/air conditioners operate for either heating and cooling by reversing the flow from the
compressor to the heat exchangers by means of a special reversing valve. In these cases the high and low pressure sides
of the system can change depending on the mode of the unit.
Refrigerating systems or parts of systems shall not be installed in or on stairways, landings, entrances or exits
used by the public, if free passage is thereby limited.
Table A.1 shows whether combinations are permitted or not. Combinations which are permitted but subject to
restrictions are indicated with specific requirements and/or refrigerant charge limits. The charge limit can be
an absolute value or calculated from characteristic refrigerant data and room volumes.
NOTE 2 Requirements for B3 refrigerants are not included in Table A.1. Annex B of this standard does not list a B3
refrigerant. Experiences and theoretical risk evaluations for the use of B3 refrigerants respectively are insufficient to justify
those requirements.
NOTE 3 The numbering system in Table A.1 is for convenience and easier reference only. The numbers do not
represent references to other parts of this standard.
If a secondary system employs a substance that is listed as a refrigerant under Annex B, the charge of that
heat transfer fluid shall be calculated by using the requirements for direct systems within Table B.1.

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table A.1 — Refrigerant type

Refrigerant Type — A1
General Occupancy — Class A
Direct Systems Indirect Systems
In a human occupied space which is not in a 7 Max. charge = practical limit x room volume or see A.3 8 considered as direct system; see box nr 7
machinery room
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 9 Max. charge = practical limit x room volume 10 no restriction
room or in the open air
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 11 No restriction 12 no restriction
machinery room or in the open air
Supervised Occupancy — Class B
In a human occupied space which is not in a 13 Below ground or on upper floors without adequate 14 considered as direct system; see box nr 13
machinery room emergency exits: treated as General Occupancy —
Class B; Otherwise no restrictions of charge
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 15 no restriction 16 no restriction
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 17 no restriction 18 no restriction
Occupancy with authorised access only — Class C
In a human occupied space which is not in a 19 Below ground or on upper floors without adequate 20 considered as direct system; see box nr 19
machinery room emergency exits: treated as General Occupancy —
Class B; Otherwise no restrictions of charge
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 21 no restriction 22 no restriction
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 23 no restriction 24 no restriction

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table A.1 (continued)

Refrigerant Type — A2L
Factory sealed direct systems with charge < 0,15 kg: see A.2.
In a human occupied space which is not in a 7 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 or A.3 8 considered as direct system; see box nr 7
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = practical limit x
room vol. and not exceeding 38 x LFL
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 9 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 10 Max charge = practical limit *x room vol.
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = practical limit x
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 11 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 12 No restriction if exit to the open air
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = 0,5 x practical
limit x room vol. and not exceeding 132 x LFL .
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = 10 kg
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 15 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 16 No Restriction
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = 25 kg
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 17 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 18 No Restriction
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: No Restriction
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 10 kg or 50 kg
if density of personnel is < 1 per 10m² and sufficient
mergency
exits are available
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 21 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 22 No restriction
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = 25 kg or no
Restriction if density of personnel is < 1/10 m2
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 23 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 24 No restriction
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: No restriction

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table A.2 — CE
Factory sealed direct systems with charge < 0,15 kg: see A.2.
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = practical limit x
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 9 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 10 Max charge = practical limit *x room vol.
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = practical limit x
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 11 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 12 No restriction if exit to the open air
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = 0,5 x practical
limit x room vol. and not exceeding 132 x LFL .
In a human occupied space which is not in a 13 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 14 considered as direct system; see box nr 13
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit x
room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and 5 kg
above ground level
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 15 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 16 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit x All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit
room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and 5 kg x room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and
above ground level 5 kg above ground level
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 17 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 18 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit x All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit
room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and 15 x room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and
kg above ground level 15 kg above ground level
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below
ground level and 10 kg above ground level
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below
ground level and 25 kg above ground level ground level and 25 kg above ground level
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below
ground level. No restriction above ground ground level. No restriction above ground

Refrigerant Type — B1

ISO/CD 5149-1

In a human occupied space which is not in a 7 max charge = practical limit x room vol. 8 considered as direct system; see box nr 7
machinery room
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 9 max charge = practical limit x room vol. 10 Max charge = 2,5 kg for sealed absorption systems;
room or in the open air all other systems: max charge = practical limit *x room vol.
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 11 Max Charge = 2,5 kg 12 no restriction if exit to the open air
In a human occupied space which is not in a 13 Max charge = 10 kg 14 considered as direct system; see box nr 13
special machinery room
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 15 Max charge = 25 kg 16 No Restriction
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 17 No Restriction 18 No Restriction
In a human occupied space which is not in a 19 Max Charge = 10 kg or 50 kg if density of personnel is 20 considered as direct system; see box nr 19
machinery room < 1/10m² and sufficient emergency exits are available
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 21 Max charge = 25 kg or no Restriction if density of personnel is 22 No restriction
2
room or in the open air < 1/10 m
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 23 No restriction 24 No restriction

ISO/CD 5149-1

Refrigerant Type — B2L
In a human occupied space which is not in a 7 Max charge = 2,5 kg for sealed absorption systems; all 8 considered as direct system; see box nr 7
machinery room other systems: max charge = practical limit x room vol.
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 9 Max charge = 2,5 kg for sealed absorption systems; all 10 Max charge = 2,5 kg for sealed absorption systems;
room or in the open air other systems: max charge = practical limit x room vol. all other systems: max charge = practical limit *x room vol.
In a human occupied space which is not in a 13 Max charge = 10 kg 14 considered as direct system; see box nr 13
machinery room
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 15 Max charge = 25 kg 16 No Restriction
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 17 No Restriction 18 No Restriction
In a human occupied space which is not in a 19 Max Charge = 10 kg or 50 kg if density of personnel is 20 considered as direct system; see box nr 19
machinery room < 1/10m² and sufficient emergency exits are available
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 21 max charge = 25 kg or No Restriction if density of 22 No restriction
room or in the open air personnel
2
is < 1/10m
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 23 No restriction 24 No restriction

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table A.3 — CE
Refrigerant Type — B2
In a human occupied space which is not in a 7 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 or A.3 8 Not applicable
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = practical limit
x
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 9 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 10 All other systems: max charge = practical limit *x room vol.
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: max. charge = practical limit
x
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit
x room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and
5 kg above ground level
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit
x room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and x room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and
5 kg above ground level 5 kg above ground level
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit All other refrigeration systems: Max. charge = practical limit
x room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and x room volume and not exceeding 2 kg below ground level and
15 kg above ground level 15 kg above ground level
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below
ground level and 10 kg above ground level
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below
ground level and 25 kg above ground level ground level and 25 kg above ground level
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below All other refrigeration systems: Max. Charge = 2 kg below
ground level. No restriction above ground ground level. No restriction above ground

ISO/CD 5149-1

Factory sealed direct systems with charge ≤ 0,15 kg: seeA.2; Factory sealed systems with limited charge: see Error! Reference source not found.; Systems with ventilated
enclosure: see subclause 5.2.15 in ISO 5149-2.
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Only sealed systems with
max charge = practical limit x room volume and not
exceeding 1,5 kg;
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 9 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 10 max charge = practical limit *x room volume and not
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Only sealed systems with exceeding 1,5 kg;
max charge = practical limit x room volume and not
exceeding 1,5 kg;
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 11 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 12 max charge = practical limit *x room volume and not
machinery room or in the open air All other refrig. systems: Only sealed systems with max exceeding 1 kg below ground level or 5 kg above ground
charge = practical limit x room volume and not exceeding level
1 kg below or 5kg above ground level
In a human occupied space which is not in a 13 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 In a human occupied space which is not in a machinery room
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max charge = practical limit
x room volume and not exceeding 1 kg below ground level
and 2,5 kg above ground level
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 15 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery room or in the
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max charge = practical limit open air
x room volume and not exceeding 1 kg below ground level
and 2,5 kg above ground level
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 17 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied machinery
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max charge = practical limit room or in the open air
x room volume and not exceeding 1 kg below or 10 kg
above ground level

ISO/CD 5149-1

Factory sealed direct systems with charge < 0,15 kg: see A.2; Factory sealed systems with limited charge: see Error! Reference source not found.; Systems with ventilated
enclosure: see subclause 5.2.15 in ISO 5149-2..
machinery room All other refrigeration systems: Max charge = 1 kg below
ground and 10 kg above ground
High Pressure Side in an unoccupied machinery 21 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 22 Max charge = 1 kg below ground and 25 kg above ground
room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max charge = 1 kg below
ground and 25 kg above ground
All refrigerant containing parts in an unoccupied 23 A/C systems for human comfort: see A.2.2 24 Max charge = 1 kg below ground and no restriction above
machinery room or in the open air All other refrigeration systems: Max charge = 1 kg below ground
ground level. No restriction above ground

ISO/CD 5149-1
A.2 Factory sealed units with a charge of less than 0,15 kg of A3 refrigerant
A.2.1 General
For factory sealed systems with up 0,15 kg of A3 refrigerant the requirements of IEC 60335-2-24, IEC 60335-
2-89, IEC 60335-2-40 shall be applied.
A.2.2 Charge limitations due to flammability for A/C systems or heat pumps for human
comfort: Refrigerant containing parts in an occupied space
The maximum charge in a room shall be in accordance with the following:
If the charge size is below 4 m³ x LFL special precautions between the room size and the charge amounts are
not necessary. If the charge size is greater than 4 m³ x LFL the maximum charge in a room shall be in
accordance with the following:
mmax= 2,5 x (LFL)(5/4) x h0 (A)1/2
or the required minimum floor area Amin to install a system with refrigerant charge m (kg) shall be in
accordance with following;
(5/4) 2
Amin = (m/(2,5 x (LFL) h0))
where:
mmax = is the allowable maximum charge in a room in kg

m = is the refrigerant charge amount in the system in kg
Amin = is the required minimum room area in m2
A = is the room area in m2
LFL = in kg/m3
h0 = is the installation height of the appliance in m:
 0,6 m for floor location;
 1,8 m for wall mounted;
 1,0 m for window mounted;
 2,2 m for ceiling mounted.
Where the LFL is in kg/m3 from Annex B and the relative molar mass of the refrigerant is greater than 43.
A.3 Alternative provisions for multi-split air conditioning or heat pumps systems.
A.3.1 General
This clause shall apply only to equipment that fulfils all of following conditions:
− refrigerants as listed in Table B.2. They are classified by ISO 817 as A1 or A2L and heavier than air. The
3
value of (relative molar mass of refrigerant minus twenty-nine) multiplied by RCL (kg/m ) shall be more
than 2.[ (M-29)*RCL>2 ],
− systems where the refrigerant charge does not exceed 150 kg of A1 refrigerants and 75 kg of A2
refrigerants ,

ISO/CD 5149-1
− where the rated cooling (heating) capacity of the indoor unit is less than 25% of the rated cooling(heating)
capacity of the outdoor unit ,
− applies only when the compressor is not installed in the occupied space,
− main pipes of the refrigeration system are not to be located in the occupied space. Only branch pipe, that
comply with ISO 5149-3, clause 8.1, for the indoor unit can be located in the occupied space.
− applies only where the floor area of the occupancy is less than 250 m2 and,
− where the refrigerant charge exceeds the limitation according to Table B.1.
A.3.2 Allowable charge
A.3.2.1 General
Total charge of the system divided by the room volume shall not exceed the QLMV value in Table A.1 except
for systems in the lowest underground floor. In cases of the rooms where the lowest floor is underground, the
value shall not exceed RCL value in the Table A.1. If the value exceeds the QLMV or RCL, appropriate
measures shall be taken in accordance with clauses A.3.2.2or A.3.2.3.
NOTE In this annex of standard, the leak amount is assumed to be 10 kg per hour at the maximum. The relation
between RCL and QLMV and required ventilations are calculated under this assumption. It is also assumed that there is
little probability of burst leak of indoor unit without compressor in the occupied space. In addition, opening of the door
generates sufficient ventilation even in such burst leak cases.
Table A.4 — Allowable refrigerant charge

Allowable
concentration QLMV QLAV
Refrigerant Note
(kg/m3) (kg/m3) (kg/m3)
RCL
A1 R22 0,22 0,3 0,50 HCFC
R134a 0,43 0,59 0,59
R407C 0,28 0,50 0,50
A1
HFC
R410A 0,18 0,22 0,42
A2 R32 0,091 0,096 0,28
NOTE QLMV is calculated value from based on having 0,003 2 m2 opening (0,8 m width door and 4 mm gap) that
can be expected every room without intention for ventilation. Actually, gaps between floor and wall make additional
ventilation when the refrigerant is leaked, but it is not included in the calculation. Because it is difficult to measure and it is
conservative to exclude it. QLAV is the refrigerant concentration that is basically equal to the ODL which makes the
oxygen concentration of 18% assuming perfect mixing. LFL) may be employed instead for A2 refrigerant if it is lower than
ODL. LC50 for 2 hours may be employed if it is lower than ODL and LFL.
A.3.2.2 Occupancies except ones on the lowest underground floor of the building
Where the refrigerant charge divided by the room volume does not exceed the QLMV then the requirements
of the main text of part one of this standard shall apply with using the QLMV values instead of RCLs.
Where the value is more than the QLMV but less than or equal to QLAV value, at least one of the measures
described in clauses 6.2, 6.3, 8 and 9 of 5149-3 shall be taken. Where the value exceeds the QLAV, two or
more of the measures shall be taken.

ISO/CD 5149-1
A.3.2.3 Occupancies on the lowest underground floor of the building
Where the refrigerant charge divided by the room volume is more than the RCL value in table 1 but less than
or equal to QLMV value, at least one of the measures described in clauses 6.2, 6.3, 8 and 9 of 5149-3 shall be
taken. Where the value exceeds the QLMV, two or more of the measures shall be taken. The value shall not
exceed QLAV value.
A.3.2.4 Effect of flow down
Appropriate measures to minimize the leaked refrigerant flow from other floors shall be taken at the lowest
underground floor of the building. Even if there is no refrigeration system on the lowest floor, where the largest
system charge in the building divided by the total volume of the lowest floor exceeds QLMV value, mechanical
ventilation shall be provided in accordance with clause 6.3 in ISO 5149-3.

ISO/CD 5149-1
Annex B
(normative)
Safety classification and information about refrigerants
Table B.1 — Refrigerants designation

Flammabilit Relative
Refrigerant Number Chemical Safety Practical ATEL/ODLg Vapour Density Normal ODPa, d GWPa, e
y molar
25°C, Boiling (100
Chemical Nameb Formula Group Limit LFL Massa
101,3kPaa Pointa yr ITH)
3 3 3 3 IPCC
(kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (°C)
2001
Methane Series
11 Trichlorofluoromethane CCI3F A1 0,3 0,3 — 5,824 137,4 23,8 1 4600
12 Dichlorodifluoromethane CCI2F2 A1 0,5 0,5 — 5,039 120,9 – 29,0 1 10600
12B1 Bromochlorodifluoromethane CBrCIF2 0,2 0,2 — 165,4 – 4,0 3 1300
13 Chlorotrifluoromethane CCIF3 A1 0,5 0,5 — 4,309 104,5 – 81,4 1 14000
13B1 Bromotrifluoromethane CBrF3 A1 0,6 0,6 — 6,169 148,9 – 58,0 10 6900
14 Carbon tetrafluoride CF4 A1 n/a n/a — 3,611 88,0 – 128,0 0 5700
22 Chlorodifluoromethane CHCIF2 A1 0,3 0,3 — 3,587 86,5 – 40,8 0,055 1700
23 Trifluoromethane CHF3 A1 0,68 0,68 — 2,884 70,0 – 82,1 0 1200
30 Dichloromethane (methylene CH2Cl2 B2 0,17
0,417 84,9 40,0 10
chloride)
32 Difluoromethane (methylene CH2F2 A2 0,061
0,085 0,307 2,153 52,0 – 51,7 0 550
fluoride)
50 Methane CH4 A3 0,006 0,032 0,657 16,0 – 161,0 0 23
Hydrocarbons
600 Butane CH3CH2CH2CH3 A3 0,0089 0,01 0,048 2,450 58,1 0 0 +/- 20
600a 2-methyl propane (isobutane) CH(CH3)3 A3 0,011 0,10 0,038 2,440 58,1 – 12 0 +/- 20
601 Pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 A3 0,008 0,041 n.a. 72,1 36,1 0 11
601a 2-methyl butane (isopentane) (CH3)2CHCH2CH3 A3 0,008 0,041 n.a. 72,1 27,8 0 ?

ISO/CD 5149-1
Tableau B.1 — (continued)

Flammabilit Relative a, e
Refrigerant Number Chemical Safety Practical ATEL/ODLg Vapour Density Normal ODPa, d GWP
y molar
25°C, Boiling (100
3 3 3 3 IPCC
(kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (°C)
2001
Ethane Series
113 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane CCl2FCClF2 A1 0,4 0,4 — n.a. 187,4 47,6 0,8 6000
114 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2- CClF2CClF2 A1 0,7
0,7 — 7,207 170,9 3,8 1 9800
tetrafluoroethane
115 Chloropentafluoroethane CCIF2CF3 A1 0,6 0,6 — 6,438 154,5 – 39,0 0,6 7200
116 Hexafluoroethane CF3CF3 A1 0,55 0,55 — 5,696 138,0 – 79,0 0 11900
123 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane CHCI2CF3 B1 0,1 0,1 — n.a. 153,0 27,9 0,02 120
124 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane CHCIFCF3 A1 0,11 0,11 — 5,728 136,5 – 12,1 0,022 620
125 Pentafluoroethane CHF2CF3 A1 0,39 0,39 — 4,982 120,0 – 48,1 0 3400
134a 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane CH2FCF3 A1 0,25 0,25 — 4,258 102,0 – 26,2 0 1300
141b 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane CH3CCI2F A2 0,053 0,013 0,268 n.a. 117,0 32,0 0,11 700
142b 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane CH3CCIF2 A2 0,049 0,10 0,247 4,223 100,5 – 10,0 0,065 2400
143a 1,1,1-trifluoroethane CH3CF3 A2 0,048 0,53 0,282 3,495 84,0 – 47,0 0 4300
152a 1,1-difluoroethane CH3CHF2 A2 0,027 0,03 0,13 2,759 66,0 – 25,0 0 120
170 Ethane CH3CH3 A3 0,008 0,01 0,038 1,239 30,0 – 89,0 0 +/- 20
1150 Ethene (ethylene) CH2=CH2 A3 0,006 0,036 1,153 28,1 – 104,0 0 ?
Propane Series
218 Octafluoropropane CF3CF2CF3 A1 1,84 1,84 — 7,853 188,0 – 37 0 8600
227ea 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane CF3CHFCF3 A1 0,49 0,49 — 7,137 170,0 – 15,6 0 3500
236fa 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane CF3CH2CF3 A1 0,59 0,59 — 6,418 152,0 – 1,4 0 9400
245fa 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane CF3CH2CHF2 0,19 0,19 — 5,689 134,0 14,9 0 950
290 Propane CH3CH2CH3 A3 0,008 0,09 0,038 1,832 44,0 – 42 0 +/- 20
1270 Propene (propylene) CH3CH=CH2 A3 0,008 0,009 0,047 1,745 42,1 – 48 0 +/- 20
E170 Dimethyl Ether (CH3)2O A3 0,011 0,064 1,914 46 – 24,8 0 1
Butane (and higher) Series

365mfc 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane CF3CH2CF2CH3 n.a. 148,0 40,1 0 890
43-10mee 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane CF3CF2CHFCHFCF3 A1 — n.a. 252,0 54,6 0 1500
Cyclic Organic Compounds

C318 Octafluorocyclobutane C4F8 0,81 0,81 — 8,429 200,0 –6 0 10000

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table B.1 (continued)

Flammabilit Relative a, e
Refrigerant Number Chemical Safety Practical ATEL/ODLg Vapour Density Normal ODPa, d GWP
y molar
25°C, Boiling (100
3 3 3 3 IPCC
(kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (°C)
2001
Hydrocarbons
600 Butane CH3CH2CH2CH3 A3 0,0089 0,01 0,048 2,450 58,1 0 0 +/- 20
600a 2-methyl propane (isobutane) CH(CH3)3 A3 0,011 0,10 0,038 2,440 58,1 – 12 0 +/- 20
601 Pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 A3 0,008 0,041 n.a. 72,1 36,1 0 11
601a 2-methyl butane (isopentane) (CH3)2CHCH2CH3 A3 0,008 0,041 n.a. 72,1 27,8 0 ?
Other Organic Compounds

E170 Dimethyl Ether (CH3)2O A3 0,011 0,064 1,914 46 – 24,8 0 1
Inorganic Compounds
717 Ammonia NH3 B2 0,00035 0,00035 0,104 0,704 17,0 – 33 0 0
744 Carbon dioxide CO2 A1 0,07 0,07 — 1,808 44,0 – 78c 0 1
See Tables B.2 and B.3 for zeotropic and azeotropic blends
a The vapour density, molecular mass, normal boiling point, ODP and GWP are not part of this standard and are provided for information purposes only.
b The preferred chemical name is followed by the popular name in parentheses.
c Sublimes. Triple Point is -56,6°C at 5,2 bar
d Adopted under the Montreal Protocol
e IPCC, Third Assessment Report 2001
f 1998 Ozone Assessment Report
g Acute-Toxicity Exposure Limit or Oxygen Deprivation Limit, whichever is lower.
h Lower Flammability Limit.

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table B.2 — Refrigerant designations of zeotropic Blends (R-400 series)
Refrigerant Number
g Relative Bubble e
Composition c (Weight %) Composition Safety Practical ATEL/ODL Flammability Vapour Density
molar Point/Dew Point ODP GWPf
25°C, (100
Tolerances (%) Group Limitd LFLh Massa
101,3kPaa at 101,3 kPa yr ITH)
3 3 3 3 IPCC
(kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (°C)a 2001
401A R-22/152a/124 (53/13/34) ± 2/+ 0,5 – 1,5/± 1 A1 0,3 0,3 n/a 3,929 94,4 – 33,4/ – 27,8 0,037 1100
401B R-22/152a/124 (61/11/28) ± 2/+ 0,5 – 1,5/± 1 A1 0,34 0,34 n/a 3,860 92,8 – 34,9/ – 29,6 0,04 1200
401C R-22/152a/124 (33/15/52) ± 2/+ 0,5 – 1,5/± 1 A1 0,24 0,24 n/a 4,211 101 – 28,9 / – 23,3 0,03 900
402A R-125/290/22 (60/2/38) ± 2/+ 0,1, – 1,0/± 2 A1 0,33 0,33 n/a 4,214 101,5 – 49,2/ – 47,0 0,021 2700
402B R-125/290/22 (38/2/60) ± 2/+ 0,1, – 1,0/± 2 A1 0,32 0,32 n/a 3,929 94,7 – 47,2/ – 44,8 0,033 2300
403A R-290/22/218 (5/75/20) + 0,2 – 2,0/± 2/± 2 A1 0,33 0,33 n/a 3,817 92 – 44,0/ – 42,4 0,041 3000
403B R-290/22/218 (5/56/39) + 0,2 – 2,0/± 2/± 2 A1 0,41 0,41 n/a 4,289 103,2 – 43,9/–42,4 0,031 4300
404A R-125/143a/134a (44/52/4) ± 2/± 1/± 2 A1 0,48 0,48 n/a 4,057 97,6 – 46,5/ – 45,7 0 3800
405A R-22/152a/142b/C318 ± 2/± 1/± 1/± 2b 111,9 – 32,8/ – 24 ,4 0,028 5200
(45/7/5,5/42,5)
406A R-22/600a/142b (55/4/41) ± 2/± 1/± 1 A2 0,13 0,13 0,302 3,744 89,9 – 32,7/ – 23,5 0,057 1900
407A R-32/125/134a (20/40/40) ± 2/± 2/± 2 A1 0,33 0,33 n/a 3,743 90,1 – 45,2/ – 38,7 0 2000
407B R-32/125/134a (10/70/20) ± 2/± 2/± 2 A1 0,35 0,35 n/a 4,274 102,9 – 46,8– 42,4 0 2700
407C R-32/125/134a (23/25/52) ± 2/± 2/± 2 A1 0,31 0,31 n/a 3,582 86,2 – 43,8/ – 36,7 0 1700
407D R-32/125/134a (15/15/70) ± 2/± 2/± 2 A1 0,41 0,41 n/a 3,784 90,9 – 39,4 / – 32,7 0 1500
407E R-32/125/134a (25/15/60) ± 2/± 2/± 2 A1 0,40 0,40 n/a 3,482 83,8 – 42,8 / – 35,6 0 1400
408A R-125/143a/22 (7/46/47) ± 2/± 1/± 2 A1 0,41 0,41 n/a 3,614 87,0 – 44,6 / – 44,1 0,026 3000
409A R-22/124/142b (60/25/15) ± 2/± 2/± 1 A1 0,16 0,16 n/a 4,055 97,5 – 34,7 / – 26,3 0,048 1500
409B R-22/124/142b (65/25/10) ± 2/± 2/± 1 A1 0,17 0,17 n/a 4,021 96,7 – 35,8 / – 28,2 0,048 1500
410A R-32/125 (50/50) + 0,5 – 1,5/+ 1,5 – 0,5 A1 0,44 0,44 n/a 3,007 72,6 – 51,6 / – 51,5 0 2000
410B R-32/125 (45/55) ± 1/± 1 A1 0,43 0,43 n/a 3,131 75,5 – 51,5 / – 51,4 0 2100
411A R-1270/22/152a (1,5/87,5/11,0) + 0 – 1/+ 2 – 0/+ 0 – 1 A2 0,04 0,09 0,186 3,420 82,5 – 39,6 / – 37,1 0,048 1500
411B R-1270/22/152a (3/94/3) + 0 – 1/+ 2 – 0/+ 0 – 1 A2 0,05 0,09 0,239 3,446 83,3 – 41,6 / – 40,2 0,052 1600
412A R-22/218/142b (70/5/25) ± 2/± 2/± 1 A2 0,07 0,18 0,329 3,883 92,2 – 36,5 / – 28,9 0,055 2200
413A R-218/134a/600a (9/88/3) ± 1/± 2/+ 0, – 1 A2 0,08 0,21 0,375 4,334 103,9 – 29,4 / – 27,4 0 1900
414A R-22/124/600a/142b ± 2/± 2/± 0,5/+ 0,5, – 1,0
A1 0,08 0,08 n/a 4,040 97,0 – 33,2 / – 24,7 0,045 1400
(51,0/28,5/4,0/16,5)
414B R-22/124/600a/142b ± 2/± 2/± 0,5/+ 0,5, – 1,0
A1 0,07 0,07 n/a 4,232 101,6 – 33,1 / – 24,7 0,042 1300
(50,0/39,0/1,5/9,5)

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table B.2 (continued)
Refrigerant Number
Bubble
g Relative
Composition c (Weight %) Composition Safety Practical ATEL/ODL Flammability Vapour Density
molar
Point/Dew ODPe GWPf
Point
25°C, (100
Tolerances (%) Group Limitd LFLh Massa at 1,013 kPa
101,3 kPaa yr ITH)
3 3 3 3 IPCC
(kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (°C)a 2001
415A R-22/152a (82/18) ± 1/±1 A2 81,9 0,028 1400
415B R-22/152a (25,0/75,0) ± 1/± 1 A2 70,2 0,009 520
416A R-134a/124/600 + 0,5 – 1,0/+ 1,0
A1 n/a 4,678 111,9 – 23,4/ – 2,8 0,009 950
(59,0/39,5/1,5), –0,5/+ 0,1, –0,2
417A R-125/134a/600 (46,6/50,0/3,4) ± 1,1/± 1,0/+ 0,1, –0,4 A1 0,15 0,15 n/a 4,443 106,7 – 38,0/ – 32,9 0 1950
418A R-290/22/152a 51,5/96,0/2,5 ±0,5/± 1/± 0,5 84,6 0,033 1600
419A R125/134a/E170 (77/19/4) ± 1/± 1/± 1 4,540 109,3 – 42,6/ – 36,0 0 2900
420A r-134a/142b (88/12) + 1 -0/+0- 1 101,8 0,005 1400
a The vapour density, molecular mass, “bubble point” and “dew point” temperatures are not part of this standard; they are provided for information only.
The “bubble point temperature” is defined as the liquid saturation temperature of a refrigerant at the specified pressure; the temperature at which a liquid refrigerant
first begins to boil.
The bubble point of a zeotropic refrigerant blend, at constant pressure, is lower than the dew point.
The “dew point temperature” is defined as the vapour saturation temperature of a refrigerant at the specified pressure; the temperature at which the last drop of
liquid refrigerant boils.
The dew point of a zeotropic refrigerant blend, at constant pressure, is higher than the bubble point.
b The sum of the composition tolerances for R152a and R142b must be between + 0 and – 2 percent.
c Blend components are conventionally listed in order of increasing normal boiling point.
d Practical Limit. Calculated from the values for the individual components as listed in Table B.1.
e Calculated from the values for the individual components as listed in Table B.1.
f Calculated from the values for the individual components as listed in Table B.1.
g Acute-Toxicity Exposure Limit or Oxygen Deprivation Limit, whichever is lower.
h Lower Flammability Limit.

ISO/CD 5149-1
Table B.3 — Refrigerant designations of azeotropic blendsa (R-500 series)
Relative
Refrigerant Azeotropic Safety Practical Vapour Density
molar
Normal Azeotropic ODPg GWPg
Number Compositione Group Limit 25 °C, 101,3kPab Massb Boiling Point Temperature (100 yr ITH)
3 3
(Weight %) (kg/m ) (kg/m ) (°C)b (°C)d IPCC 2001
500 R-12/152a (73,8/26,2) A1 0,4 4,137 99,3 – 33,5 0 0,74 7900

501 R-22/12 (75,0/25,0)c A1 0,38 3,863 93,1 – 41,0 – 41 0,29 3900
502 R-22/115 (48,8/51,2) A1 0,45 4,635 112,0 – 45,4 19 0,33 4500
503 R-23/13 (40,1/59,9) 0,35 3,594 87,5 – 88,7 88 0,6 13000

504 R-32/115 (48,2/51,8) 3,282 79,2 – 57,0 17 0,31 4000
505 R-12/31 (78,0/22,0)c 103,5 – 30,0 115 0,78 n/a
506 R-31/114 (55,1/44,9) 93,7 – 12,0 18 0,46 n/a
507A R-125/143a (50/50) A1 0,49 4,108 98,9 – 46,7 – 40 0 3900

508A R-23/116 (39/61) A1 0,22 4,124 100,1 – 86,0 – 86 0 12000
508B R-23/116 (46/54) A1 0,2 3,930 95,4 – 88,3 – 45,6 0 12000
509A R-22/218 (44/56) A1 0,56 5,155 124,0 – 47,0 0 0,024 5600

a Azeotropic refrigerants exhibit some segregation of components at conditions of temperature and pressure other than those at which they are
formulated. The extent of
segregation depends on the particular azeotrope and hardware system configuration.
b The vapour density, molecular mass and normal boiling point are not part of this standard, but are provided for informative purposes only.
c The exact composition of this azeotrope is in question, and additional experimental studies are needed.
d Under vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) conditions.
e Blend components are conventionally listed in order of increasing normal boiling point.
f Calculated from the values for the individual components as listed in Table B.1.
g Calculated from the values for the individual components as listed in Table B.1.

ISO/CD 5149-1
Bibliography
[1] ASTM D1384-04, Standard Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware

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ISO TC 86/SC 1 N 173

Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental

Document type: International Standard

25 West 43rd Street, 4th Fl.

Violators may be prosecuted.

ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved iii

 Part 1: Definitions, classification and selection criteria

 Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking, and documentation,

 Part 3: Installation site,

 Part 4: Operation, maintenance repair and recovery.

Inadequate precautions may result in:

iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

 burning or explosion of escaping refrigerant with consequent risk of fire.

The following hazards are worthy of note:

a) from the direct effect of extreme temperature, for example:

 brittleness of materials at low temperatures;

 freezing of enclosed liquid ;

 changes of volume due to temperature changes;

 injurious effects to persons caused by low temperatures;

 touchable hot surfaces

b) from excessive pressure due to, for example:

c) from the direct effect of the liquid phase for example:

 excessive refrigerant charge or refrigerant flooding of equipment;

 presence of liquid in compressors, caused by siphoning, or condensing in the compressor;

 liquid hammering in piping;

 loss of lubrication due to emulsification of oil;

d) from the escape of refrigerants, for example:

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved v

e) from the moving parts of the machinery, for example:

 hearing loss from excessive noise;

 damage due to vibration.

vi © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and

1.2 This standard applies:

a) to refrigerating systems, stationary or mobile, of all sizes including heat pumps;

b) secondary cooling or heating systems;

c) the location of the refrigerating systems; and

ISO 817, Refrigerants — Designation system

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved 1

3 Terms, definitions and acronyms

Equivalent terms in English and French

2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

heat exchanger échangeur thermique 3.4.3

heat-transfer fluid fluide caloporteur 3.7.3

high pressure side côté haute pression 3.1.7

indirect systems systèmes indirects 3.1.5

internal net volume volume interne net 3.4.11

joint joint 3.5.8

liquid level cut out limiteur de niveau de liquides 3.6.4

liquid receiver réservoir de liquide 3.4.9

maximum allowable pressure pression maximale admissible 3.3.3

open compressor compresseur ouvert 3.4.2.4

piping tuyauterie 3.5.9

positive displacement compressor compresseur volumétrique 3.4.2.2

pressure relief valve soupape de sécurité 3.6.8

quick closing valve robinet à fermeture rapide 3.5.10

reclaim régénérer 3.9.2

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved 3

recycle recycler 3.9.4

refrigerating equipment composants frigorifiques 3.4.12